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Journal articles on the topic 'Orthodontics Cephalometry'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Speidel, T. Michael. "Orthodontic cephalometry." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 111, no. 4 (April 1997): 458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(97)80037-6.

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2

Arat, Zuleyha Mirzen, Mehmet Okan Akcam, Elçin Esenlik, and F. Emel Arat. "Inconsistencies in the Differential Diagnosis of Open Bite." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 3 (May 1, 2008): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/021907-80.1.

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Abstract Objective: To examine inconsistencies in the differential diagnosis of open bite. Materials and Methods: Using visual judgments, a total of 77 anterior open-bite cases in the postpubertal growth period were grouped as either morphogenetic, functional, or combination. The same sample was also grouped as either hyperdivergent, normodivergent, or hypodivergent using mandibular-plane angle and conventional cephalometry. Kappa analysis was used to test the agreement between the 2 methods of evaluation, and χ2 tests were used to analyze the distribution of cephalometrically grouped hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent cases among the visually assessed morphogenetic, functional and combination groups and vice versa. A κ score of 0.343 indicated a weak agreement between visual judgment and cephalometric methods of evaluation (P < .001). Results: Despite the expectation that cases evaluated as hyperdivergent using cephalometry would be visually evaluated as morphogenetic, more than half of the cases assessed as hyperdivergent were in fact classified as functional. Conclusions: These findings highlight the inadequacy of relying solely on cephalometric evaluation to classify open bite.
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3

Graber, T. M. "Radiographic Cephalometry." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 109, no. 2 (February 1996): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(96)80074-6.

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4

Bollen, Anne-Marie. "Cephalometry in orthodontics: 2D and 3D." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 156, no. 1 (July 2019): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.04.021.

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5

Sobieska, Ewa, and Anna Widmańska-Grzywaczewska. "Cephalometry in orthodontic diagnostics – past and present." Orthodontic Forum 15, no. 2 (2019): 120–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/for.2019.88346.

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6

KARSLI, Erol, and Ahmet YAĞCI. "Overview of Orthodontics and Anthropometry; Cephalometry-Anthropometry Affinity." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences 24, no. 1 (2018): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/dentalsci.2017-55751.

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7

Kumar, Vandana, John Ludlow, Lucia Helena Soares Cevidanes, and André Mol. "In Vivo Comparison of Conventional and Cone Beam CT Synthesized Cephalograms." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 5 (September 1, 2008): 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082907-399.1.

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Abstract Objective: To compare measurements from synthesized cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) lateral cephalograms using orthogonal and perspective projections with those from conventional cephalometric radiographs. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one patients were imaged using CBCT and conventional cephalometry. CBCT volume data were imported in Dolphin 3D. Orthogonal and perspective lateral cephalometric radiographs were created from three-dimensional (3D) virtual models. Twelve linear and five angular measurements were made on synthesized and conventional cephalograms in a randomized fashion. Conventional image measurements were corrected for known magnification. Linear and angular measurements were compared between image modalities using repeated measures analysis of variance. Statistical significance was defined as an α level of .01. Results: With the exception of the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (P < .0001), angular measurements were not statistically different for any modality (P > .01). Linear measurements, whether based on soft or hard tissue landmarks, were not statistically different (P > .01). Conclusions: Measurements from in vivo CBCT synthesized cephalograms are similar to those based on conventional radiographic images. Thus, additional conventional imaging may generally be avoided when CBCT scans are acquired for orthodontic diagnosis.
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8

Pałka, Justyna, Grzegorz Zieliński, Joanna Gawda, and Piotr Gawda. "Diagnostic methods used in children with malocclusion." Polish Journal of Public Health 130, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2020-0009.

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Abstract Introduction. With advances in technology, there has been a need for more precise imaging methods which have become an integral part of the orthodontic treatment plan. Aim. The aim of this study is to present diagnostic methods that are currently used in children with malocclusion. Material and methods. The materials analysed in this review are articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. To identify relevant publications, the search was carried out using the key word combination: imaging, diagnostics, malocclusion, children, orthodontics. The number of 16 research papers in which these keywords appeared were qualified for this review. Results. According to the mentioned publications, pantomographic images are the most frequently recommended method for detecting dental anomalies. Cephalometry was used to observe changes in the facial axis and to measure the length of the jaw. CBCT is being used more and more often, mainly to identify possible prognostic factors in the case of canine retention/eruption in the maxilla. The method of magnetic resonance imaging was also compared with cephalometric images. Conclusions. 1. The pantomogram is a useful and frequently used method in the detection of craniofacial anomalies. 2. Cephalometry allows the effects of the treatment to be monitored. 3. CBCT is a significant diagnostic tool to assess the growth of craniofacial structures. 4. MRI diagnostics limits the patient’s exposure to harmful ionizing radiation. 5. There is a need to educate medical staff and conduct further research on the methods of diagnostic imaging in children.
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9

Fitrianto, Ardan, Thalca Hamid, and Ida Bagus Narmada. "Analysis of Soft Tissue Cephalometry in Skeletal Class I with Post Operation Unilateral and Bilateral CLP." Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine 1, no. 2 (August 26, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijdm.v1i2.2018.66-69.

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Background: Facial appearance is an important diagnostic criterion that must be considered in orthodontics treatment plan. Orthodontics treatment is one of the dental treatments to prevent or correct tooth position abnormalities so that optimal function can be achieved including occlusion, proportional arrangement of the teeth and facial profile, as well as the harmony of facial profiles. Common facial abnormality cases include cleft lip and palate. Cleft lip and palate are caused by congenital defects and environmental factors. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine post-operative soft tissue cephalometric analysis of skeletal class I with post-operative of unilateral and bilateral CLP. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study. The subjects were secondary data from radiographic cephalometry obtained from the CLP Center Premier Hospital Surabaya and Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital. Result: There was a significant difference in line angle parameters in both groups with a significant value of 0.002 (p <0.05). There were also significant differences in the Li-H line parameters in both groups with a significant value of 0.000 (p <0.05). There were H line angle and Li-H line differences in soft tissue cephalometric analysis between skeletal class I group with post-operative unilateral and bilateral CLP group. Conclusion: There was no difference in soft tissue cephalometric analysis between the post-operative of unilateral CLP and bilateral CLP on all parameters.
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10

Govinakovi, Prashantha S., Ibrahim Al-Busaidi, and Viswapurna Senguttuvan. "Cephalometric Norms in an Omani Adult Population of Arab Descent." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal [SQUMJ] 18, no. 2 (September 9, 2018): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2018.18.02.010.

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Objectives: This study aimed to establish cephalometric norms for an Omani population of Arab descent and to compare these with established cephalometric values for Caucasians. Methods: This cross-sectional studywas conducted at the Military Dental Centre and Oman Dental College in Muscat, Oman, between May 2014 and October 2016. A total of 150 Omani patients between 20–29 years old seeking orthodontic treatment were included. All participants had a symmetrical face, class I molar and canine relationships, proper intercuspation, a normal overjet/overbite (<3 mm) and mild spacing/crowding of the teeth (≤3 mm). Lateral cephalography was performed in centric occlusion with the lips relaxed and the head in a natural position. Cephalometric measurements were then compared with Eastman Standard norms. Results: The Omani subjects were found to have a slightly retrusive maxilla, an increased angle between the maxillary and mandibular planes and shorter facial heights in comparison to the Eastman Standard norms. Furthermore, incisor relations were edge-to-edge in nature and the interincisal angle was reduced, suggesting that the Omani subjects had more proclined incisors. In addition, the lips were more protrusive and the nasolabial angle was more obtuse. Conclusion: In the Omani sample, increased proclination of the incisors was observed in comparison to Eastman Standard norms. As such, slightly more proclined incisors should be considered acceptable and natural among Omani patients of Arab descent. The cephalometric findings of this study may be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic problems among Omanis of Arab descent.Keywords: Cephalometry, standards; Population Characteristics; Ethnic Groups; Arabs; Orthodontics; Oman.
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11

Qamruddin, Irfan, and Mohammad Khursheed Alam. "Cephalometry: is it just an orthodontic record?" Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 14, no. 4 (December 11, 2015): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i4.23078.

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Lateral Cephalometry (LCM) has been a mandatory diagnostic tool in orthodontics since a very long time. Nowadays with the advent of 3D imaging, the use of this two dimensional radiographic technique is questioned for its competence. However, there are few aspects which are overlooked and should be heeded before obsolete the technique completely from the field of orthodontics.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.313-315
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12

Bock, Jens Johannes, and Robert A. W. Fuhrmann. "Evaluation of Vertical Parameters in Cephalometry." Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 68, no. 3 (May 2007): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00056-007-0646-9.

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13

Tanikawa, Chihiro, Masakazu Yagi, and Kenji Takada. "Automated Cephalometry: System Performance Reliability Using Landmark-Dependent Criteria." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/092908-508r.1.

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Abstract Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate reliability of a system that performs automatic recognition of anatomic landmarks and adjacent structures on lateral cephalograms using landmark-dependent criteria unique to each landmark. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the reliability of the system, the system was used to examine 65 lateral cephalograms. The area of each system-identified anatomic structure surrounding the landmark and the position of each system-identified landmark were compared with norms using confidence ellipses with α = .01, which were derived from the scattergrams of 100 estimates obtained according to the method reported by Baumrind and Frantz. When the system-identified area overlapped with the norm area, anatomic structure recognition was considered successful. In addition, when the system-identified point was located within the norm area, landmark identification was considered successful. Based on these judgment criteria, success rates were calculated for all landmarks. Results: The system successfully identified all specified anatomic structures in all the images and determined the positions of the landmarks with a mean success rate of 88% (range, 77%– 100%). Conclusion: With the incorporation of the rational assessment criteria provided by confidence ellipses, the proposed system was confirmed to be reliable.
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14

Birnie, David. "Three dimensional cephalometry: a color atlas and manual (2005)." European Journal of Orthodontics 28, no. 2 (February 22, 2006): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cji124.

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15

Pancherz, Hans, and Kagan Gökbuget. "The reliability of the Frankfort Horizontal in roentgenographic cephalometry." European Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 1 (1996): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/18.1.367.

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16

Pancherz, H., and K. Gokbuget. "The reliability of the Frankfort Horizontal in roentgenographic cephalometry." European Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 4 (August 1, 1996): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/18.4.367.

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17

Davies, J. "Radiographic cephalometry: from basics to 3D imaging, 2nd edition (2006)." European Journal of Orthodontics 29, no. 6 (September 28, 2007): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjm107.

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18

Jakhi, S. A., and F. R. Karjodkar. "Use of cephalometry in diagnosing resonance disorders." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 98, no. 4 (October 1990): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(05)81489-1.

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19

Shaw, Karen, Grant McIntyre, Peter Mossey, Alison Menhinick, and Donald Thomson. "Validation of conventional 2D lateral cephalometry using 3D cone beam CT." Journal of Orthodontics 40, no. 1 (March 2013): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1465313312y.0000000009.

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20

Nakawaki, Takatoshi, Tetsutaro Yamaguchi, Daisuke Tomita, Yu Hikita, Mohamed Adel, Koshu Katayama, and Koutaro Maki. "Evaluation of mandibular volume classified by vertical skeletal dimensions with cone-beam computed tomography." Angle Orthodontist 86, no. 6 (March 23, 2016): 949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/103015-732.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relationship between anteroposterior and vertical differences in maxillofacial morphology and mandibular volume. Materials and Methods: Subjects comprised 213 Japanese adults (84 males and 129 females) who were divided into three groups based on mandibular basal arch (ANB) and Wits, measured in a cephalometric analysis: Class I (−1° ≤ ANB &lt; 4°,−1 mm ≤ Wits &lt; 0 mm), Class II (ANB ≥ 4°, Wits ≥ 0), and Class III (ANB &lt;−1°, Wits &lt;−1 mm). Subjects were also divided into three groups based on the mandibular plane angle (Mp), as follows: hypodivergent (Mp &lt; 23°), normodivergent (Mp = 23–30°), and hyperdivergent (Mp &gt; 30°) groups. Mandibular volume was measured from cone-beam computed tomographic images that were analyzed using Analyze™ image processing software and compared among the three groups in each classification. Results: No significant differences were noted in mandibular volume among Classes I, II, and III. An inverse relationship was found between mandibular volume and Mp, and a significant difference was noted in mandibular volume between the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups. Conclusions: In addition to two-dimensional analysis, such as lateral cephalometry, three-dimensional information such as volume, provided by cone-beam computed tomography, contributes to a more detailed assessment of maxillofacial morphology.
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21

Kuroiedova, V. D., Y. Y. Vyzhenko, O. M. Makarova, and O. A. Stasiuk. "SCIENTIFIC JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF CONE-BEAM COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CBCT) FOR CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS IN THE «AUDAXCEPH» PROGRAMM." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2019.09.

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This article is concerned with peculiarities of points’ placement in orthodontics and study of cephalometric parameters on 3D reconstructions. The aim of the investigation is to develop out the algorithm of distribution of main cephalometric points on 3D reconstructions, received from CBCT and compare characteristics of measurements done on classic teleroentgenogram (TRG) and 3D reconstructions. Materials and methods. The main angular (SNA, SNB, ANB, SN-Ba) skeletal saggital parameters, vertical (ML-NSL, NL-ML, Facial axis, <G), and dental were taken (+1/NL, -1/ML, +1/-1). The analysis of dental radiographs was done for cephalometry «AudaxCeph». Teleroentgenogram and 3 D reconstructions of 20 patients were investigated. Comparing all indices of TRG and 3D reconstructions statistically significant difference was not revealed (р> 0,05). The most significant indices was established during the study of incisive indices - +1/NL, 110±2,72 и 110,2±5,02 correspondingly inter-incisal angle +1/-1 - 133,8±2,21 and 138±5,79.
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22

Bock, Jens Johannes, Franziska Bock, Bernhard Böhm, and Robert A. Fuhrmann. "Classification of Anterior Open Bite Using Individualized Cephalometry." Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 66, no. 5 (September 2005): 338–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00056-005-0330-x.

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23

Halazonetis, Demetrios. "Three-dimensional cephalometry. A color atlas and manual." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 129, no. 2 (February 2006): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.12.023.

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24

Watanabe, Koji, Hitoshi Imamura, Shinsaku Uchikanbori, Yuko Fujita, and Kenshi Maki. "Effects of Restricted Calcium Intake on Bone and Maxillofacial Growth." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 3 (May 1, 2008): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/101106-417.1.

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Abstract Objective: To investigate the effects of a low calcium diet on maxillofacial development by evaluating Bone Mineral Content (BMC) in the lower alveolar bones, femurs, and tibias and by performing cephalometry on growing rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty 5-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups; the control group (n = 10) was given standard diet for 6 weeks, the low calcium/standard diet group (n = 10) was given a calcium-restricted diet for the first 4 weeks, and then a standard diet for the following 2 weeks, and the low calcium diet group (n = 10) was given the calcium-restricted diet for 6 weeks. After the rats were euthanized, heads and legs were fixed and cephalometry was performed. Next, mandibles, femurs and tibias were digitally photographed and the BMC was evaluated using our newly developed software. Results: The BMC was decreased in all of the bone samples from the two groups that received restricted calcium. In the low calcium/standard diet group, the BMC recovered the most in the tibias and least in the lower alveolar bones. Development of the mandibles in the anterior-posterior direction was accelerated, while that in the superior-inferior direction was inhibited in those rats. Conclusion: The BMC reduction following calcium deficiency in the lower alveolar bone hardly recovers, so prevention is important. Development of the mandible in a superior-inferior direction is inhibited while that in an anterior-posterior direction is accelerated due to a calcium-restricted diet.
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25

Godt, Arnim, Matthias Kalwitzki, and Gernot Göz. "Cervical Headgear Treatment and Growth Patterns: Analysis by Lateral Cephalometry." Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 68, no. 1 (January 2007): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00056-007-0630-4.

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26

Ludwig, B., D. Bister, T. C. Schott, J. A. Lisson, and J. Hourfar. "Assessment of two e-learning methods teaching undergraduate students cephalometry in orthodontics." European Journal of Dental Education 20, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eje.12135.

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27

Ed-Dhahraouy, Mohammed, Hicham Riri, Manal Ezzahmouly, Farid Bourzgui, and Abdelmajid El Moutaoukkil. "A new methodology for automatic detection of reference points in 3D cephalometry: A pilot study." International Orthodontics 16, no. 2 (June 2018): 328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2018.03.013.

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28

Fuhrmann, Robert A. W. "Three-dimensional cephalometry and three-dimensional skull models in orthodontic/surgical diagnosis and treatment planning." Seminars in Orthodontics 8, no. 1 (March 2002): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/sodo.2002.28167.

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29

Song, Yu, Xu Qiao, Yutaro Iwamoto, and Yen-wei Chen. "Automatic Cephalometric Landmark Detection on X-ray Images Using a Deep-Learning Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 7, 2020): 2547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072547.

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Accurate automatic quantitative cephalometry are essential for orthodontics. However, manual labeling of cephalometric landmarks is tedious and subjective, which also must be performed by professional doctors. In recent years, deep learning has gained attention for its success in computer vision field. It has achieved large progress in resolving problems like image classification or image segmentation. In this paper, we propose a two-step method which can automatically detect cephalometric landmarks on skeletal X-ray images. First, we roughly extract a region of interest (ROI) patch for each landmark by registering the testing image to training images, which have annotated landmarks. Then, we utilize pre-trained networks with a backbone of ResNet50, which is a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network, to detect each landmark in each ROI patch. The network directly outputs the coordinates of the landmarks. We evaluate our method on two datasets: ISBI 2015 Grand Challenge in Dental X-ray Image Analysis and our own dataset provided by Shandong University. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve satisfying results on both SDR (Successful Detection Rate) and SCR (Successful Classification Rate). However, the computational time issue remains to be improved in the future.
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30

MacAllister, M. J., and W. P. Rock. "The Eastman Standard Incisor Angulations: Are They still Appropriate?" British Journal of Orthodontics 19, no. 1 (February 1992): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjo.19.1.55.

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The Eastman Standard values for cephalometry were first described almost 40 years ago and their derivation is not clear. The present study examines the rationale for the Standard and considers the way it was originally described. Based on a sample of 30 cases of Class I occlusions with normally related skeletal bases the mean incisor angulations were found to be exactly on the Eastman Standard, which, therefore, still remains appropriate as a basis of assessment and treatment planning in orthodontics.
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31

Tsukiboshi, Yosuke, Chihiro Tanikawa, and Takashi Yamashiro. "Surface-based 3-dimensional cephalometry: An objective analysis of cranio-mandibular morphology." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 158, no. 4 (October 2020): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.09.017.

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Silveira, Heraldo Luis Dias, Maria João Gomes, Heloísa Emilia Dias Silveira, and Reni Raymundo Dalla-Bona. "Evaluation of the radiographic cephalometry learning process by a learning virtual object." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 136, no. 1 (July 2009): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.03.001.

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33

Brown, Tasman, and Amanda H. Abbott. "Computer-assisted location of reference points in three dimensions for radiographic cephalometry." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 95, no. 6 (June 1989): 490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90412-5.

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Păcurar, Mariana, Eugen Bud, Silvia Pop, Manuela Chibelean, and Martha Krisztina. "Orthodontic treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)." Acta Stomatologica Marisiensis Journal 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2019-0003.

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AbstractIntroductionThe craniofacial skeleton in the growing child is responsive to changing functional demands and environmental factors. Orthopedic modification of facial bones through the application of constant forces over long periods of time has been a mainstay of orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic therapy.Aim of the studyThe aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pharyngeal structures after rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and compare them with those after using a removable mandibular advancement device (MAD).Material and methodsIn order to accomplish function we modified the pattern of neuromuscular activity throught mandible forward position.ResultsThis finding shows that maxillary deficiency and mandibular retrognathism have been reportedly linked to OSA as both etiologic factors and sequelae of prolonged mouth breathing during the period of growth, these illustrate the potential interaction between alteration in respiratory function and craniofacial morphology.ConclusionsCraniofacial anatomic defects, including inferior displacement of the hyoid bone, larger gonial angle, smaller anterior cranial base, altered anterior and posterior facial heights, and mandibular deficiency, have been suggested as predisposing factors for upper airway obstruction during sleep. Cephalometry has been used extensively in the fields of orthodontics and anthropology to record craniofacial form. Recently, it has been also suggested that cephalometry could be an adjunctive procedure for assessing craniofacial patterns associated with OSAS.Estimating efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion and mandibular advanced in the treatment of paediatric SDB. This might provide alternatives to primary treatments and/or enhance interdisciplinary treatment planning for the children suffering from OSA. The relationships between maxillofacial malocclusions and upper airway volumes were investigated. Literature studies on the association of upper airway narrowing with dento-skeletal malocclusions have been confirmed by us for the group of patients studied.
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Naser-ud-Din, S., K. Thoirs, and WJ Sampson. "Ultrasonography, lateral cephalometry and 3D imaging of the human masseter muscle." Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 14, no. 1 (November 25, 2010): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2010.01505.x.

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36

Jacobson, Alex. "Accuracy of Cephalometry in Measurements of Postoperative Migration of the Maxilla After LeFort I Osteotomy." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 111, no. 2 (February 1997): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(97)80066-2.

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37

Thomas, Henry. "Research on predictability in cephalometry of the relationship of chin symphysis and nose-chin balance." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 96, no. 2 (August 1989): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90252-7.

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38

da Costa, Eliana Dantas, Gina Delia Roque-Torres, Danieli Moura Brasil, Frab Noberto Bóscolo, Solange Maria de Almeida, and Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano. "Correlation between the position of hyoid bone and subregions of the pharyngeal airway space in lateral cephalometry and cone beam computed tomography." Angle Orthodontist 87, no. 5 (July 7, 2017): 688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/022217-133.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate the pharyngeal airway subregions with the positioning of the hyoid bone. Material and Methods: The study examined 107 lateral cephalometric (LC) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Linear and volumetric measurements of the pharyngeal subregions were made and correlated to linear measurements using hyoid triangle analysis on images of LC and multiplanar (MPR) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of CBCT. Results: There was significant correlation between linear measurements of the pharyngeal subregions and hyoid bone position in LC images and in MPR and 3D reconstructions of the CBCT. Correlations were more frequent in the oropharynx and hypopharynx, especially for LC images. No correlations were observed between LC images or CBCT reconstructions and the volumetric measurements of the pharyngeal subregions and the position of the hyoid bone. Conclusion: The hyoid bone position showed more correlations with oropharynx and hypopharynx airway measurements. The hyoid triangle method was not applicable to 3D images, since it showed a smaller number of measures correlated to the hyoid bone position.
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Makarova, О. М. "DIAGNOSTIC CRTITERIA OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT WITH EXTRACTION OF SOME TEETH." Medical and Ecological Problems 23, no. 3-4 (June 19, 2019): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/mep.2019.23.3-4.04.

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Orthodontic treatment for adults is always difficult process, which requires morphological, functional, aesthetic factors and limited possibilities of dentoalveolar teeth positioning. One of the most actual issues of orthodontic correction in adults is teeth extractions by orthodontic. Nowadays, when there is a concept of «arch development», skeletal enlargement and miniimplants, treatment with extraction should be correctly explained and determined by orthodontic treatment and should not be caused to functional status and face aesthetics, which provides qualitative and stabile result of treatment. Besides, necessity of teeth extraction of some teeth which are written in medical protocol, secures a doctor from law risks. The aim of the investigation was to establish correlative link between parameters of morphometric analysis of control and diagnostic models of jaws by Snagina and roentgenologic parameters of lateral cephalometry by Kim. Adult patients aged from 18 to 32 years old (50) by the 1st class of dentofacial abnormalities and the degree of teeth crowding were involved in the investigation. Results. Indications to treatment with teeth extraction by skeletal and dentoalveolar parameters are different, although there is connection between skeletal parameters and the width of apical basis of maxilla. Skeletal and dentoalveolar morphometric parameters that are used for evaluation of extraction necessity of some teeth and planning for orthodontic treatment is always individual. Done correlation analysis determined that single parameter of apical basis that correlates with CF is its width on the maxilla. CF has direct correlative connection of midline (r=0.52) with width of apical basis. Skeletal diagnosis and facial aesthetics is leading factor in modern orthodontics. During treatment plan one should orient into aesthetic and functional prognosis, structure of facial skeleton, and after that dentoalveolar parameters.
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40

Kumar, Sunil, B. Jayan, M. P. Prassana Kumar, Mohit Sharma, Karan Nehra, and Amit Kumar Bansal. "Acoustic pharyngometry vs lateral cephalometry: A comparative evaluation of pharyngeal airway dimensions in patients with skeletal class I and skeletal class II malocclusion." Orthodontic Waves 78, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.odw.2019.07.001.

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41

Takada, Kenji, Yuka Sorihashi, Christopher D. Stephens, and Satsuki Itoh. "An inference modeling of human visual judgment of sagittal jaw-base relationships based on cephalometry: Part I." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 117, no. 2 (February 2000): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(00)70224-1.

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42

Sorihashi, Yuka, Christopher D. Stephens, and Kenji Takada. "An inference modeling of human visual judgment of sagittal jaw-base relationships based on cephalometry: Part II." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 117, no. 3 (March 2000): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(00)70235-6.

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43

Lagravère, Manuel O., Jillian M. Gordon, Ines H. Guedes, Carlos Flores-Mir, Jason P. Carey, Giseon Heo, and Paul W. Major. "Reliability of Traditional Cephalometric Landmarks as Seen in Three-Dimensional Analysis in Maxillary Expansion Treatments." Angle Orthodontist 79, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 1047–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/010509-10r.1.

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Abstract Objective: To evaluate intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability of 3D CBCT-generated landmarks previously used in traditional 2D cephalometry. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four CBCTs NewTom 3G (Aperio Services, Verona, Italy) were randomly selected from patients participating in a clinical trial involving maxillary expansion treatments. The principal investigator located the landmarks five times, and four other investigators located the same landmarks once. Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability values were determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). To assist in interpretation of the clinical significance of landmark identification differences, average mean differences for x, y, and z landmark coordinates were determined from the repeated assessments. Landmarks then were separated into groups with respect to the region they represented and then were compared via repeated measures ANOVA and multiple comparisons via Bonferroni corrected α. Results: Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability for x, y, and z coordinates for all landmarks were acceptable, all being greater than 0.80. Most of the mean measurement differences obtained from trials within the principal investigator in all three axes were less than 1.5 mm. Inter-examiner mean measurement differences generally were larger than the intra-examiner differences. Conclusions: Based on this, the best landmarks for use in verifying expansion treatment results are Ekm, buccal surface, and apexes of upper molars, upper premolars and upper canines, and buccal surfaces of lower molars and lower canines. Foramen Spinosum, ELSA, Auditory External Meatus, and Dorsum Foramen Magnum demonstrated adequate reliability for determining a standardized reference system.
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44

Goto, Shota, Yuko Fujita, Maika Hotta, Ayako Sugiyama, and Kenshi Maki. "Influence of differences in the hardness and calcium content of diets on the growth of craniofacial bone in rats." Angle Orthodontist 85, no. 6 (January 28, 2015): 969–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/102214-765.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the effects of a soft diet and a low-calcium diet on the craniofacial growth and bone architectures of the maxilla and mandible. Materials and Methods: Male rats (n = 20, 3 weeks old) were divided into four groups. Ten rats were given a normal-calcium diet, and the other rats were given a low-calcium diet. Each group was then divided into two subgroups, which were fed a hard or a soft diet. After 4 weeks, craniofacial growth and architecture in maxillary and mandibular bone were analyzed using cephalometry, micro-computed tomography, and histopathology. Results: The low-calcium diet had no effect on serum calcium levels. The low-calcium diet had the greatest effect on craniofacial bone growth, while the soft diet affected the growth of several bone sites that are attached to the masseter muscle. A low-calcium diet resulted in the deterioration of the connectivity of the trabeculae in the furcation region of the maxillary and mandibular first molar, while a soft diet resulted in the diffuse disappearance of trabeculae in the central part of the furcation regions. In the midpalatal suture, a low-calcium diet resulted in inhibition of cartilaginous ossification, although the midpalatal suture had a normal cartilaginous structure. A soft diet resulted in narrower cartilage cell layers in the midpalatal suture. Conclusions: We demonstrated that a low-calcium diet and a soft diet resulted in a deterioration of bone structures in both the maxilla and in the mandible; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects differed between diets.
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Godhane, AlkeshV, and Navneet Grewal. "Lateral cephalometry: A simple and economical clinical guide for assessment of nasopharyngeal free airway space in mouth breathers." Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 1, no. 2 (2010): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-237x.68589.

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46

Kissel, Pamela, James K. Mah, and Axel Bumann. "Modern 3D cephalometry in pediatric orthodontics—downsizing the FOV and development of a new 3D cephalometric analysis within a minimized large FOV for dose reduction." Clinical Oral Investigations 25, no. 7 (January 25, 2021): 4651–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03779-x.

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47

Weinberg, SM, BS Maher, and ML Marazita. "Parental craniofacial morphology in cleft lip with or without cleft palate as determined by cephalometry: a meta-analysis." Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research 9, no. 1 (February 2006): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2006.00339.x.

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Cangialosi, Thomas J., Melvin L. Moss, Mona E. McAlarney, Bradley D. Nirenblatt, and Michael Yuan. "An evaluation of growth changes and treatment effects in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with conventional roentgenographic cephalometry and finite element method analysis." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 105, no. 2 (February 1994): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(94)70111-3.

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49

Al-Balkhi, Khalid M. "Orthodontic Treatment Planning: Do Orthodontists Treat to Cephalometric Norms?" Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 4 (2003): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-4-12.

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Abstract Cephalometric norms are important to orthodontists in their diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of orthodontic treatment outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to establish if orthodontists treat and finish their cases to the cephalometric means or norms. Pre- and post-cephalometric radiographs and dental casts of 35 orthodontically treated cases were analyzed. The Kappa test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, Paired t- test, and Z-test were used for the statistical analysis of the data. The result revealed that orthodontists do not reach the cephalometric mean values post-treatment. However, sagittal maxillomandibular relationship and interlabial gap are the main areas of improvements. This leads to improvement of soft tissue esthetics by camouflaging the skeletal and dental relationship. Citation Al-Balkhi KM. Orthodontic Treatment Planning: Do Orthodontists Treat to Cephalometric Norms? J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:012-027.
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Daokar, Suchita Tarvade, and Raksha Rajput. "Cephalometric Appraisal of Antero-posterior Skeletal Discrepancy: An Overview." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 8, no. 1 (October 13, 2018): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v8i1.21349.

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Cephalometry is one of the important diagnostic tools for assessment of jaw relationship. Sagittal jaw relationship is of utmost concern to the patients and orthodontist. Many linear and angular parameters are used for measurement of sagittal jaw discrepancies. This article reviews various AP cephalometric parameters
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