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Journal articles on the topic 'Orthostatic stress'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Watenpaugh, Donald E., Deborah D. O'Leary, Suzanne M. Schneider, et al. "Lower body negative pressure exercise plus brief postexercise lower body negative pressure improve post-bed rest orthostatic tolerance." Journal of Applied Physiology 103, no. 6 (2007): 1964–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00132.2007.

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Orthostatic intolerance follows actual weightlessness and weightlessness simulated by bed rest. Orthostasis immediately after acute exercise imposes greater cardiovascular stress than orthostasis without prior exercise. We hypothesized that 5 min/day of simulated orthostasis [supine lower body negative pressure (LBNP)] immediately following LBNP exercise maintains orthostatic tolerance during bed rest. Identical twins (14 women, 16 men) underwent 30 days of 6° head-down tilt bed rest. One of each pair was randomly selected as a control, and their sibling performed 40 min/day of treadmill exerc

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Bronzwaer, Anne-Sophie G. T., Jasper Verbree, Wim J. Stok, et al. "The cerebrovascular response to lower-body negative pressure vs. head-up tilt." Journal of Applied Physiology 122, no. 4 (2017): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00797.2016.

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Lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) has been proposed as a MRI-compatible surrogate for orthostatic stress. Although the effects of LBNP on cerebral hemodynamic behavior have been considered to reflect those of orthostatic stress, a direct comparison with actual orthostasis is lacking. We assessed the effects of LBNP (−50 mmHg) vs. head-up tilt (HUT; at 70°) in 10 healthy subjects (5 female) on transcranial Doppler-determined cerebral blood flow velocity (CBF v) in the middle cerebral artery and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) as estimated from the blood pressure signal (finger plethysmograp

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3

Sonkodi, Balázs, Tamás Radovits, Emese Csulak, Bence Kopper, Nóra Sydó, and Béla Merkely. "Orthostasis Is Impaired Due to Fatiguing Intensive Acute Concentric Exercise Succeeded by Isometric Weight-Loaded Wall-Sit in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness: A Pilot Study." Sports 11, no. 11 (2023): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11110209.

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The aim of the study was to investigate any indication of diminished orthostatic tolerance as a result of fatiguing intensive acute concentric exercise with a successive isometric wall-sit followed by an orthostatic stress test, with a special focus on any distinguishable alterations due to a delayed-onset muscle soreness effect. The exercise protocol was carried out among nineteen (10 female, 9 male) junior swimmers from the Hungarian National Swim Team. All athletes showed a positive orthostatic stress test right after our exercise protocol. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly low

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Taylor, J. A., G. A. Hand, D. G. Johnson, and D. R. Seals. "Sympathoadrenal-circulatory regulation of arterial pressure during orthostatic stress in young and older men." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 5 (1992): R1147—R1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.5.r1147.

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Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that human aging alters sympathoadrenal-circulatory control of arterial blood pressure during orthostasis. Plasma catecholamine and hemodynamic adjustments to two different forms of orthostatic stress, lower body suction (-10 to -50 mmHg) and standing, were determined in 14 young (26 +/- 1 yr) and 13 older (64 +/- 1) healthy, normally active men. During quiet supine rest, cardiac output tended to be lower and systemic vascular resistance higher in the older men, but no other differences were observed. On average, arterial blood pressure was well maintaine

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5

Javorka, Michal, Fatima El-Hamad, Barbora Czippelova, et al. "Role of respiration in the cardiovascular response to orthostatic and mental stress." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 314, no. 6 (2018): R761—R769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00430.2017.

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The objective of this study was to determine the response of heart rate and blood pressure variability (respiratory sinus arrhythmia, baroreflex sensitivity) to orthostatic and mental stress, focusing on causality and the mediating effect of respiration. Seventy-seven healthy young volunteers (46 women, 31 men) aged 18.4 ± 2.7 yr underwent an experimental protocol comprising supine rest, 45° head-up tilt, recovery, and a mental arithmetic task. Heart rate variability and blood pressure variability were analyzed in the time and frequency domain and modeled as a multivariate autoregressive proce

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6

Fu, Qi, Sarah Witkowski, Kazunobu Okazaki, and Benjamin D. Levine. "Effects of gender and hypovolemia on sympathetic neural responses to orthostatic stress." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 1 (2005): R109—R116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00013.2005.

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We tested the hypothesis that women have blunted sympathetic neural responses to orthostatic stress compared with men, which may be elicited under hypovolemic conditions. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and hemodynamics were measured in eight healthy young women and seven men in supine position and during 6 min of 60° head-up tilt (HUT) under normovolemic and hypovolemic conditions (randomly), with ∼4-wk interval. Acute hypovolemia was produced by diuretic (furosemide) administration ∼2 h before testing. Orthostatic tolerance was determined by progressive lower body negative pressure

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7

Kimmerly, Derek S., and J. Kevin Shoemaker. "Hypovolemia and neurovascular control during orthostatic stress." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 282, no. 2 (2002): H645—H655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00535.2001.

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Humans exposed to real or simulated microgravity experience decrements in blood pressure regulation during orthostatic stress that may be related to autonomic dysregulation and/or hypovolemia. We examined the hypothesis that hypovolemia, without the deconditioning effects of bed rest or spaceflight, would augment the sympathoneural and vasomotor response to graded orthostatic stress. Radial artery blood pressure (tonometry), stroke volume (SV), brachial blood flow (Doppler ultrasound), heart rate (electrocardiogram), peroneal muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; microneurography), and esti

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8

Kawai, Mio, Nobuyuki Miyai, and Mikio Arita. "The prevalence of orthostatic dysregulation among newly graduated female nurses after employment and its associations with autonomic nervous function, stress, and depressive symptoms." SAGE Open Medicine 9 (January 2021): 205031212110121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211012180.

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Objectives: We aimed to examine the prevalence of orthostatic dysregulation among newly graduated female nurses after employment and its associations with autonomic nervous function, stress, and depressive symptoms. Methods: This follow-up study included 48 newly graduated female nurses (aged 22 ± 3 years) employed in acute care hospitals. The orthostatic dysregulation symptoms were evaluated using a screening checklist. A sit-to-stand test was conducted to assess the autonomic nervous function. Subjective stress and depressive symptoms were determined using a self-administered questionnaire.

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9

Wilson, Thad E., Jian Cui, Rong Zhang, and Craig G. Crandall. "Heat stress reduces cerebral blood velocity and markedly impairs orthostatic tolerance in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 291, no. 5 (2006): R1443—R1448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00712.2005.

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Orthostatic tolerance is reduced in the heat-stressed human. This study tested the following hypotheses: 1) whole body heat stress reduces cerebral blood velocity (CBV) and increases cerebral vascular resistance (CVR); and 2) reductions in CBV and increases in CVR in response to an orthostatic challenge will be greater while subjects are heat stressed. Fifteen subjects were instrumented for measurements of CBV (transcranial ultrasonography), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate, and internal temperature. Whole body heating increased both internal temperature (36.4 ± 0.1 to 37.3 ± 0.1

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Raj, Satish R. "What is the optimal orthostatic stress to diagnose orthostatic hypotension?" Clinical Autonomic Research 15, no. 2 (2005): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10286-005-0265-8.

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11

Yamazaki, Fumio. "Heat stress and orthostatic tolerance." Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 1, no. 2 (2012): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7600/jpfsm.1.271.

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12

Krabbendam, Ineke, Loes C. A. Jacobs, Fred K. Lotgering, and Marc E. A. Spaanderman. "Venous response to orthostatic stress." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 4 (2008): H1587—H1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00571.2008.

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Head-up tilt (HUT) induces a reduction in preload, which is thought to be restored through sympathetic venoconstriction, reducing unstressed volume (Vu) and venous compliance (VeC). In this study, we assessed venous inflow and outflow responses and their reproducibility and determined the relation with autonomic function during HUT. Eight healthy non-pregnant women were subjected to 20° head-down tilt to 60° HUT at 20° intervals. At each rotational step, we randomly assessed forearm pressure-volume (P-V) curves (venous occlusion plethysmography) during inflow (VeCIN) and outflow [venous emptyi

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13

Hainsworth, Roger. "Heart rate and orthostatic stress." Clinical Autonomic Research 10, no. 6 (2000): 323–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02322255.

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14

Harteveld, Lisette M., Nico A. Blom, J. Gert van Dijk, et al. "Orthostatic stress response in pediatric Fontan patients and the effect of ACE inhibition." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0273940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273940.

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Background Many cardiocirculatory mechanisms are involved in the adaptation to orthostatic stress. While these mechanisms may be impaired in Fontan patients. However, it is yet unclear how Fontan patients, who exhibit a critical fluid balance, respond to orthostatic stress. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are often prescribed to Fontan patients, but they may negatively influence orthostatic tolerance. Therefore, we evaluated the response to orthostatic stress in pediatric Fontan patients before and after treatment with enalapril. Methods Thirty-five Fontan patients (aged 14 years) wit

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15

Fedorova, D. N., A. E. Soloveva, M. Fudim, et al. "Frequency of hemodynamic response to orthostatic stress in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, associations with clinical blood pressure." Russian Journal of Cardiology 27, no. 2S (2022): 5005. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2022-5005.

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Aim. To assess hemodynamic response to active standing test (AST) with beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) monitoring, their association with office BP and symptoms of orthostatic intolerance in patients with heart failure (HF).Material and methods. Outpatient HF patients with documented left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, followed up in a HF center and receiving optimal medical therapy, underwent AST with beat-to-beat non-invasive BP monitoring.Hemodynamic response was assessed according to the European Federation of Autonomic Societies criteria.Results. The study included 87 patients (m

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Meendering, Jessica R., Britta N. Torgrimson, Belinda L. Houghton, John R. Halliwill, and Christopher T. Minson. "Menstrual cycle and sex affect hemodynamic responses to combined orthostatic and heat stress." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, no. 2 (2005): H631—H642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00029.2005.

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Women have decreased orthostatic tolerance compared with men, and anecdotal evidence suggests women are more susceptible to orthostatic intolerance in warm environments. Because estrogen and progesterone affect numerous physiological variables that may alter orthostatic tolerance, the purpose of our study was to compare orthostatic tolerance across the menstrual cycle phases in women during combined orthostatic and heat stress and to compare these data with those of men. Eight normally menstruating women and eight males (22 ± 4.0 and 23 ± 3.5 yr, respectively) completed the protocol. Women wer

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17

Nagata, Katsutaro, Takuya Hasegawa, Yasumasa Hirokado, Katsuhiko Kiyama, Kazuo Honda, and Yukio Aoyama. "Endocrinological stress and oxidative stress of orthostatic hypotension." Autonomic Neuroscience 135, no. 1-2 (2007): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2007.06.060.

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18

Privett, Sheena E., Greg P. Whyte, Keith P. George, John M. Mulcahy, and N. Tim Cable. "Pre- and Post-Exercise Orthostatic Stress." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (2006): S194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-01747.

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19

Schroeder, Christoph, Sandor Batkai, Stefan Engeli, et al. "Circulating endocannabinoid concentrations during orthostatic stress." Clinical Autonomic Research 19, no. 6 (2009): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10286-009-0026-1.

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20

Conboy, Erin E., Amy E. Fogelman, Charity L. Sauder, and Chester A. Ray. "Endurance training reduces renal vasoconstriction to orthostatic stress." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 298, no. 2 (2010): F279—F284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00447.2009.

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Endurance training has been associated with increased orthostatic intolerance. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that endurance training reduces renal vasoconstriction to orthostatic stress. Blood pressure, heart rate, and renal blood flow velocity were measured during a 25-min 60° head-up tilt (HUT) test before and after 8 wk of endurance training in eight healthy sedentary subjects (26 ± 1 yrs). Training elicited a 21 ± 3% increase in peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak) and a reduction in heart rate at rest of 8 ± 2 beats/min. During HUT, heart rate progressively increase

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21

Reshamwala, Ronak, and Sarmishtha Ghosh. "Detection of Vulnerability of Medical Students to Stress: Selfperceived role of Music Therapy in improving Coping Ability." INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND ALLIED SCIENCES 74, no. 3 (2022): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55184/ijpas.v74i3.71.

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Background: Medical students have been known to undergo tremendous stress during various stages of the MBBS course; some break down while others can cope with the same.Objective: The study aimed to assess medical students’ vulnerability to stress by identifying alterations in cardiovascular parametersunder stress and their resilience score. It was also aimed to find out the personal view of students in considering music therapy forimproving their stress coping ability or resilience.Methods: Orthostatic and mental stress were imparted in first-year medical students by quick change of posture an

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22

Zhang, Rong, Julie H. Zuckerman, James A. Pawelczyk, and Benjamin D. Levine. "Effects of head-down-tilt bed rest on cerebral hemodynamics during orthostatic stress." Journal of Applied Physiology 83, no. 6 (1997): 2139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.83.6.2139.

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Zhang, Rong, Julie H. Zuckerman, James A. Pawelczyk, and Benjamin D. Levine. Effects of head-down-tilt bed rest on cerebral hemodynamics during orthostatic stress. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(6): 2139–2145, 1997.—Our aim was to determine whether the adaptation to simulated microgravity (μG) impairs regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during orthostatic stress and contributes to orthostatic intolerance. Twelve healthy subjects (aged 24 ± 5 yr) underwent 2 wk of −6° head-down-tilt (HDT) bed rest to simulate hemodynamic changes that occur when humans are exposed to μG. CBF velocity in the middle cer

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COOPER, V. L., and R. HAINSWORTH. "Effects of head-up tilting on baroreceptor control in subjects with different tolerances to orthostatic stress." Clinical Science 103, no. 3 (2002): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1030221.

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During orthostatic stress, an increase in peripheral vascular resistance normally results in arterial blood pressure being well maintained, despite a decrease in cardiac output. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the sensitivity of the carotid baroreceptor reflex was increased during orthostatic stress and whether failure to develop this increase was associated with poor orthostatic tolerance. Three groups of subjects were studied: asymptomatic controls; patients investigated for suspected posturally related syncope but who had normal responses to an orthostatic stress test

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Heldt, Thomas, Eun B. Shim, Roger D. Kamm, and Roger G. Mark. "Computational modeling of cardiovascular response to orthostatic stress." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 3 (2002): 1239–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00241.2001.

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The objective of this study is to develop a model of the cardiovascular system capable of simulating the short-term (≤5 min) transient and steady-state hemodynamic responses to head-up tilt and lower body negative pressure. The model consists of a closed-loop lumped-parameter representation of the circulation connected to set-point models of the arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreflexes. Model parameters are largely based on literature values. Model verification was performed by comparing the simulation output under baseline conditions and at different levels of orthostatic stress to sets of p

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Tobaldini, Eleonora, Edgar Toschi-Dias, Liliane Appratto de Souza, et al. "Cardiac and Peripheral Autonomic Responses to Orthostatic Stress During Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Healthy Subjects." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 4 (2019): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8040496.

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Previous studies showed that transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) modulates the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in resting condition. However, the autonomic regulation in response to an orthostatic challenge during tVNS in healthy subjects remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that tVNS reduces heart rate (HR) and alters the responsivity of ANS to orthostatic stress in healthy subjects. In a randomized and cross-over trial, thirteen healthy subjects underwent two experimental sessions on different days: (1) tVNS and (2) control. Using a tVNS device, an auricular electrode was place

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Cui, Jian, Cheryl Blaha, Michael D. Herr, and Lawrence I. Sinoway. "Lower-limb venous distension reflex and orthostatic tolerance in young healthy humans." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 319, no. 2 (2020): R142—R147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00269.2019.

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Earlier reports suggest that limb venous distension evokes reflex increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and blood pressure (BP) (i.e., venous distension reflex). Our recent report also shows that suction of arterially occluded limb evokes venous distension reflex. We postulate that the venous distension reflex contributes to autonomic responses to orthostatic stress. In this study, we hypothesized that orthostatic tolerance would be linked to the MSNA response seen with lower limb suction. Fifteen healthy subjects were tested in the supine position. Negative pressure (−100 mmHg

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Steinback, Craig D., Deborah D. O’Leary, Jason Bakker, Angela D. Cechetto, Hanif M. Ladak, and J. Kevin Shoemaker. "Carotid distensibility, baroreflex sensitivity, and orthostatic stress." Journal of Applied Physiology 99, no. 1 (2005): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01248.2004.

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In this study, we tested the hypothesis that carotid arteries undergo rapid changes in distensibility on moving from the supine to head-up tilt (HUT) postures and, subsequently, that this change in carotid distensibility (cDa) might be associated with concurrent reductions in cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Thus the effect of posture on carotid vascular mechanics and cardiovagal BRS with consideration for altered central hemodynamics (i.e., stroke volume; Doppler ultrasound) was examined. Carotid pulse pressure (cPP; Millar transducer) and contralateral B-mode ultrasound images were

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Schlader, Zachary J., Thad E. Wilson, and Craig G. Crandall. "Mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance during heat stress." Autonomic Neuroscience 196 (April 2016): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2015.12.005.

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O'Leary, D. D., R. L. Hughson, J. K. Shoemaker, et al. "Heterogeneity of responses to orthostatic stress in homozygous twins." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 1 (2007): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00240.2006.

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Early analysis into the role of genetics on cardiovascular regulation has been accomplished by comparing blood pressure and heart rate in homozygous twins during unstressed, resting physiological conditions. However, many variables, including cognitive and environmental factors, contribute to the regulation of cardiovascular hemodynamics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the hemodynamic response of identical twins to an orthostatic stress, ranging from supine rest to presyncope. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, middle cerebral artery blood velocity, an index of cerebro

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Masuki, Shizue, John H. Eisenach, Christopher P. Johnson, et al. "Excessive heart rate response to orthostatic stress in postural tachycardia syndrome is not caused by anxiety." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 3 (2007): 896–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00927.2006.

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Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is characterized by excessive increases in heart rate (HR) without hypotension during orthostasis. The relationship between the tachycardia and anxiety is uncertain. Therefore, we tested whether the HR response to orthostatic stress in POTS is primarily related to psychological factors. POTS patients ( n = 14) and healthy controls ( n = 10) underwent graded venous pooling with lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to −40 mmHg while wearing deflated antishock trousers. “Sham” venous pooling was performed by 1) trouser inflation to 5 mmHg during LBNP and 2) vac

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Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut G., Andreas Rössler, Joyce M. Evans, Michael B. Stenger, Fritz B. Moore, and Charles F. Knapp. "Circulatory galanin levels increase severalfold with intense orthostatic challenge in healthy humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 3 (2006): 844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01039.2005.

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The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that plasma galanin concentration (pGal) is regularly increased in healthy humans with extensive orthostatic stress. Twenty-six test persons (14 men, 12 women) were brought to an orthostatic end point via a progressive cardiovascular stress (PCS) protocol consisting of 70° head-up tilt plus increasing levels of lower body negative pressure until either hemodynamically defined presyncope or other signs of orthostatic intolerance occurred (nausea, clammy skin, excessive sweating, pallor of the skin). We further tested for possible gender, grav

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Ocon, Anthony J., Zachary R. Messer, Marvin S. Medow, and Julian M. Stewart. "Increasing orthostatic stress impairs neurocognitive functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome with postural tachycardia syndrome." Clinical Science 122, no. 5 (2011): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20110241.

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CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome) is commonly co-morbid with POTS (postural tachycardia syndrome). Individuals with CFS/POTS experience unrelenting fatigue, tachycardia during orthostatic stress and ill-defined neurocognitive impairment, often described as ‘mental fog’. We hypothesized that orthostatic stress causes neurocognitive impairment in CFS/POTS related to decreased CBFV (cerebral blood flow velocity). A total of 16 CFS/POTS and 20 control subjects underwent graded tilt table testing (at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75°) with continuous cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory monitoring

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Buharin, Vasiliy E., Andrew J. Butler, and Minoru Shinohara. "Motor cortical disinhibition with baroreceptor unloading induced by orthostatic stress." Journal of Neurophysiology 111, no. 12 (2014): 2656–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00778.2013.

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Unloading of the baroreceptors due to orthostatic stress increases corticospinal excitability. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of baroreceptor unloading due to orthostatic stress on intracortical excitatory and inhibitory pathways in the motor cortex. With transcranial magnetic stimulation, measures of intracortical excitability for a hand muscle were tested on 2 days in healthy young adults. Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) of 40 mmHg was applied during one of the days and not during the Control day. During application of LBNP heart rate and the low-frequency component

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Tonkin, A. L., L. M. H. Wing, M. J. Morris, and V. Kapoor. "Afferent baroreflex dysfunction and age-related orthostatic hypotension." Clinical Science 81, s25 (1991): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0810531.

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1. To test the hypothesis that in apparently healthy elderly subjects with orthostatic hypotension there is afferent baroreflex dysfunction, cardiovascular and neurohumoral responses were measured after separate stimuli which activated baroreceptor (head-up tilt) and non-baroreceptor (cold stress, isometric exercise) afferent pathways. 2. In 15 healthy elderly control subjects blood pressure did not change with 60° head-up tilting and there was a moderate increase in heart rate, whereas in 13 subjects with age-related orthostatic hypotension head-up tilting was associated with a marked fall in

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Savard, Gabrielle K., and Mark A. Stonehouse. "Cardiovascular Response to Orthostatic Stress: Effects of Exercise Training Modality." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 20, no. 2 (1995): 240–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h95-018.

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The effects of exercise training posture on cardiovascular and baroreflex responses to orthostatic challenge were assessed in highly trained cyclists (CT, n = 8) and swimmers (ST, n = 8), and in untrained men (UT, n = 8). CT demonstrated the lowest orthostatic tolerance to lower body negative pressure (LBNP, 0 to −50 mmHg), with only 3 subjects completing the full LBNP procedure; 5 UT and all ST completed the testing. During LBNP, stroke volume (SV) decreases were similar in CT and ST, but greater than in UT. Mean pulse pressure and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were reduced in CT relativ

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Lipatova, Aksinia, Azamat Kade, Artem Trofimenko, Viktor Ovsiannikov, Oleg Tcymbalov, and Aleksandr Sidorenko. "Assessment of the tDCS Influence on Stress-Induced Disorders in Rats with Low Stress Sustainability and Endurance." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 20, no. 3 (2019): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjecr-2018-0057.

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Abstract The aim of study is to analyze the tDCS influence on stress-induced disorders in rats with low stress sustainability and endurance. The animals with a low stress sustainability and endurance were divided into 3 groups: the comparison 1, the comparison 2 and the main. The control group consisted of intact rats. The rats of the comparison group 1 were subjected to orthostatic stress 24 hours after the 1st forced swimming test. The rats of the comparison group 2 and the main one were conducted the 2nd forced swimming test on the 7th day of the experiment, and 24 hours later they were sub

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Monahan, Kevin D., and Chester A. Ray. "Vestibulosympathetic reflex during orthostatic challenge in aging humans." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 283, no. 5 (2002): R1027—R1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00298.2002.

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Aging attenuates the increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and elicits hypotension during otolith organ engagement in humans. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neural and cardiovascular responses to otolithic engagement during orthostatic stress in older adults. We hypothesized that age-related impairments in the vestibulosympathetic reflex would persist during orthostatic challenge in older subjects and might compromise arterial blood pressure regulation. MSNA, arterial blood pressure, and heart rate responses to head-down rotation (HDR) performed with and w

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Butler, G. C., Y. Yamamoto, and R. L. Hughson. "Fractal nature of short-term systolic BP and HR variability during lower body negative pressure." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 267, no. 1 (1994): R26—R33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.267.1.r26.

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We have shown previously that the heart rate variability (HRV) signal is fractal in nature with a high degree of complexity, as given by the calculated fractal dimension (DF). We have also reported that loss of complexity, as indicated by a reduction in DF of HRV, is associated with orthostatic hypotension and impending syncope. To extend this investigation of cardiovascular responses, we have investigated the signal characteristics of short-term systolic blood pressure variability (BPV) coincident with measurements of HRV during orthostatic stress. Eight healthy men completed a test protocol

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Miller, Judith A., John S. Floras, Bernard Zinman, Karl L. Skorecki, and Alexander G. Logan. "Effect of Hyperglycaemia on Arterial Pressure, Plasma Renin Activity and Renal Function in Early Diabetes." Clinical Science 90, no. 3 (1996): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0900189.

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1. In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia has a profound effect on renal and systemic haemodynamic function. The mechanism for this is unknown. 2. We conducted a study in 11 males with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, within 6 years of diagnosis. We examined the neurohumoral, haemodynamic and renal variables during euglycaemia (4.0–6.0 mmol/l) and after a 12 h period of hyperglycaemia (8.5–10.5 mmol/l). Subjects were examined in a sodium-replete state during supine rest and during simulated orthostatic stress induced by lower body negative pressure at –15 mmHg. 3. Variation

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Charleston-Villalobos, Sonia, Sina Reulecke, Andreas Voss, et al. "Time-Frequency Analysis of Cardiovascular and Cardiorespiratory Interactions During Orthostatic Stress by Extended Partial Directed Coherence." Entropy 21, no. 5 (2019): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21050468.

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In this study, the linear method of extended partial directed coherence (ePDC) was applied to establish the temporal dynamic behavior of cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory interactions during orthostatic stress at a 70° head-up tilt (HUT) test on young age-matched healthy subjects and patients with orthostatic intolerance (OI), both male and female. Twenty 5-min windows were used to analyze the minute-wise progression of interactions from 5 min in a supine position (baseline, BL) until 18 min of the orthostatic phase (OP) without including pre-syncopal phases. Gender differences in controls

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Cooper, Victoria L., and Roger Hainsworth. "Carotid Baroreceptor Reflexes in Humans During Orthostatic Stress." Experimental Physiology 86, no. 5 (2001): 677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/eph8602213.

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Joyner, Michael J. "Orthostatic stress, haemorrhage and a bankrupt cardiovascular system." Journal of Physiology 587, no. 21 (2009): 5015–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2009.181495.

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Fluet, N., C. Richter, and Cahalin P. Lawrence. "CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE TO ORTHOSTATIC STRESS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal 15, no. 4 (2004): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01823246-200415040-00038.

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Wilson, Luke C., James D. Cotter, Jui-lin Fan, Rebekah A. I. Lucas, Kate N. Thomas, and Philip N. Ainslie. "Mechanisms Of Orthostatic Intolerance During Passive Heat Stress." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 41 (May 2009): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000355592.71566.a5.

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Lipsitz, Lewis A., Carolyn M. Connelly, Margaret Kelley-Gagnon, Dan K. Kiely, Darrell Abernethy, and Carol Waksmonski. "Cardiovascular adaptation to orthostatic stress during vasodilator therapy*." Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 60, no. 4 (1996): 461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9236(96)90203-9.

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Wilson, Timothy D., Jorge M. Serrador, and J. Kevin Shoemaker. "Head position modifies cerebrovascular response to orthostatic stress." Brain Research 961, no. 2 (2003): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03965-3.

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Larsson, Gunilla, Peter O. O. Julu, Ingegerd Witt Engerström, Marlene Sandlund, and Britta Lindström. "Normal reactions to orthostatic stress in Rett syndrome." Research in Developmental Disabilities 34, no. 6 (2013): 1897–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.02.027.

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Appenzeller, Peter, Marlowe Eldridge, Otto Appenzeller, and Stephen Wood. "Standing orthostatic stress at low and high altitude." Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System 31, no. 2 (1990): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1838(90)90074-s.

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Mader, Greg, Mette Olufsen, and Adam Mahdi. "Modeling Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity During Orthostatic Stress." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 43, no. 8 (2014): 1748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-014-1220-4.

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Fogelman, Amy, Charity Sauder, Matthew Kearney, Damian Dyckman, Nathan Kuipers, and Chester Ray. "Endurance Training Reduces Renal Vasoconstriction to Orthostatic Stress." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (2006): S44—S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-01077.

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