Academic literature on the topic 'Ory and criticism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ory and criticism"
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Silva, Gislene. "Como criticam os que criticam?" Rumores 12, no. 23 (June 22, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1982-677x.rum.2018.145586.
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Em Simpósio realizado na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, no campus de Florianópolis, em setembro de 2017, um grupo de pesquisadores da área da Comunicação se ocupou de debater a respeito de uma das perguntas possíveis nesse campo: Como criticam os que criticam?. E desta atividade resultaram artigos ora publicados no Dossiê. As disposições de pesquisadoras e pesquisadores se complementavam pelo esforço de discutir diferentes perspectivas teóricas de críticas, de pensar a crítica de instituições e processos midiáticos de modo mais geral, de fazer o exercício de crítica de objetos midiáticos particulares – com destaque para os do campo do Jornalismo – e de objetos midiáticos que se mostram críticos em si mesmos. Para além de possíveis respostas sobre os modos de se fazer a crítica de mídia, tais estudos trazem novas perguntas e problemas.
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Castles, Francis G. "Terra Incognito Australis: A Search for New Directions in Comparative Public Policy Analysis." Government and Opposition 20, no. 3 (July 1, 1985): 370–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1985.tb01091.x.
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I DECIDED TO ENTITLE THIS ESSAY ‘TERRA INCOGNITA Australis’ — a rubric appropriate for more than one reason, as will become apparent later — since, the more I think about it, the more convinced I am that what we profess to know concerning the determinants of public policy outcomes has much the same epistemological status as the shapes that appeared in the Southern Hemisphere of sixteenth-century cartographers. The objective of the essay is to substantiate this charge in respect of the prevailing explanatory parad’ ms which inform as to the best way to proceed to give some more definition to the map in future. The charge is a serious one insofar as comparative public policy analysis is currently a boom area in political science. I could be accused of attempting to create a ghost town before the shafts are driven deep enough to hit ‘pay dirt’, but I can only claim that this is not my intention. I have been working in the area which is currently described as comparative public policy for more than a decade now and the explanatory paradigms I criticize are ones to which I have variously subscribed over the years. Since I believe that there is valuable ore to be found, and found in roughly the area in which we are looking for it, I would argue that criticism and redefinition of paradigms are useful tasks, since they improve our eventual chances of hitting a lode-bearing seam.
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Galdino, Pedro Danilo. "Foucault e Rancière: perspectivas e crítica ao conceito de biopoder [Foucault and Ran-cière: perspectives and criticism of the concept of biopower]." Kalagatos 14, no. 2 (October 8, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.23845/kgt.v14i2.141.
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A questão da biopolítica perpassou boa parte das discussões nos últimos 30 a 50 anos. Michel Foucault, notadamente, foi o principal pensador a apresentar como o corpo é objeto de uma adestração que o torna dócil e economicamente rentável dentro das sociedades disciplinares. O presente trabalho tem o intuito de apresentar a crítica feita por Jacques Rancière ao conceito de biopoder e biopolítica, confrontando principalmente a posição foucaultiana, a partir de seu par conceitual polícia/política que [re]configuram a partilha do sensível, ora de maneira consensual, ora de maneira dissensual.
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DAVIES, BEN. "Bursting Bubbles? QALYs and Discrimination." Utilitas 31, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820818000249.
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The use of Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) in healthcare allocation has been criticized as discriminatory against people with disabilities. This article considers a response to this criticism from Nick Beckstead and Toby Ord. They say that even if QALYs are discriminatory, attempting to avoid discrimination – when coupled with other central principles that an allocation system should favour – sometimes leads to irrationality in the form of cyclic preferences. I suggest that while Beckstead and Ord have identified a problem, it is a misdiagnosis to lay it at the feet of an anti-discrimination principle. The problem in fact comes from a basic tension between respecting reasonable patient preferences and other ways of ranking treatment options. As such, adopting a QALY system does not solve the problem they identify.
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Messina, Aïcha Liviana. "CRÍTICA Y DECONSTRUCCIÓN, O CÓMO LA VIOLENCIA ESTÁ EN CUESTIÓN. LEVINAS Y DERRIDA FRENTE A (Y DENTRO DE) LA VIOLENCIA DEL SILENCIO." Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 63, no. 152 (August 2022): 471–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2022n15210am.
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RESUMEN Este artículo se propone analizar el problema de la violencia tal como lo aborda Derrida en su diálogo con Levinas. Se pregunta en particular cómo es posible pensar críticamente la violencia si es que esta nos constituye. Para ello se detiene en la diferencia que establece Derrida entre crítica y deconstrucción y en su análisis de la relación entre violencia y silencio. Una de las tesis principales de este artículo es que lo que permite hacer una crítica de la violencia remite a lo que Derrida llama “huella”, es decir un silencio que habita el lenguaje y que no remite a un sentido previo. El artículo se enfoca además en la crítica que Derrida le dirige a Levinas en “Violencia y metafísica” y se propone mostrar que, lejos de encajar en esta crítica, el análisis que hace Levinas de la relación entre violencia y silencio permite radicalizar la tesis de Derrida sobre lo que llama la “peor violencia”.
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Rana, Dr Ashwani, and Ritika Rana. "“One Indian Girl” by Chetan Bhagat – A Portrayal of a Successful Modern Girl or a Bitter Criticism of Indian Values – A Study." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-1 (December 31, 2017): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd7013.
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Vassallo, Ianira, and Emanuela Saporito. "La scuola come bene comune: verso una diversa prospettiva progettuale." ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no. 132 (February 2022): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2021-132-s1007.
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Osservare la scuola attraverso la lente dei beni comuni ci permette di mettere in evidenza gli aspetti relazionali che ne definiscono il servizio. Permette, da un lato, di rintracciare alcuni spin-off interessanti nei processi di autonomia scolastica, in diretto ascolto con le criticità presenti nei singoli territori; dall'altro, di riconoscere i contorni ampi e sfumati di un soggetto territoriale in grado, ora più che mai, di farsi promotore di politiche e progetti di trasformazione urbana area-based.
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ALVAREZ-RAMIREZ, JOSE, and GILBERTO ESPINOSA-PAREDES. "EXPLOITING THE ATTRACTOR STRUCTURE FOR CHAOS FEEDBACK CONTROL: THE DUFFING OSCILLATOR." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 14, no. 10 (October 2004): 3661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127404011533.
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Departing from the OGY method reported in 1990, many methodologies for chaos control have been proposed. A major criticism is that most of them are merely straightforward applications of methodologies borrowed from feedback control theory. In fact, an authentic chaos control methodology should rely on the underlying structure (e.g. topology, dynamics, etc.) of chaotic behavior in order to provide simple and successful feedback control algorithms. This brief paper focuses on this objective; namely, to exploit chaos structure to design feedback controllers aimed to eliminate chaos. The well-known Duffing oscillator is used to show how the mechanisms leading to chaotic behavior can be destroyed by means of a simple feedback control. Specifically, it is shown that injected damping, via feedback control, is able to eliminate the transverse homoclinic orbit responsible for the chaotic behavior of the Duffing oscillator.
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Horn, Peter, and Dieter Storzer. "Criticism of the article APPEL and GARGES (1991) "New Evidence of the Meteoritic Origin of the Tettenwang Iron Ore"." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 143, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/143/1992/159.
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Melotti, Marxiano. "Tra passato e presente. Ostia e la sua problematica liminalità." SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no. 124 (March 2021): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2021-124006.
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Ostia, già grande porto dell'antica Roma, è oggi il decimo municipio della capitale. Fra la vecchia e la nuova città non esiste continuità storica né funzionale. La prima è ora soltanto un sito archeologico; la seconda, sviluppatasi come distretto balneare, è diventata un satellite della capitale, che ne utilizza il degrado anche per distogliere l'attenzione dalle criticità presenti nel suo stesso centro. La liminalità non è però per Ostia un destino. La riacquisita importanza del dialogo mediterraneo potrebbe anzi farne un punto di forza per la capitale e per il paese.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ory and criticism"
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Greenlee, Christine Lund Koch. "The Constantian orations : a contextual analysis of self-presentation in Libanius' 'Orr.' 59, 11, 61 and 31." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15923.
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A total of sixty-four orations survive from the hand of Libanius. Four of these speeches were delivered under the reign of Constantius II (AD 337-361) and thus form a distinct chronological cluster in the Libanian corpus. The Constantian orations include Or. 59 To Constantius II and Constans (AD 346-9), Or. 11 The Antiochikos (AD 356), Or. 61 Monody on Nicomedia (AD 358), and Or. 61 For the teachers (AD 360-1). This study adopts a diachronic approach and analyses the historical and literary context of each Constantian oration with a particular focus on Libanius' self- presentation. The study suggests that Libanius' self-presentation was characterised by adaptability and versatility; it shows Libanius exploring a range of different genres and communicating with attentiveness to context and audience. The thesis also argues that Libanius' attitude to and engagement with Constantius' court fluctuated significantly from the delivery of Libanius' panegyric in the mid- to late 340s where Libanius supported Constantius after his defeat in the battle of Singara, over Libanius' encomium to Antioch in 356 where Libanius emphasised the strong connection between the Emperor and the city following the devastating reign of Gallus Caesar, to the delivery of For the teachers in 360-361, where Libanius publically voiced his criticism of the Emperor's cultural and religious policies after Libanius himself had lost imperial funding. Furthermore, the study displays the continued importance of oratory in Late Antiquity and emphasises the central role of sophists both as commentators and mediators in society.
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Lukošiūtė, Dovilė. "Naujas keleivių terminalas Tarptautiniame Vilniaus oro uoste." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090713_142453-49816.
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Baigiamojo magistro darbo tema - naujas keleivių terminalas Tarptautiniame Vilniaus oro uoste. Tyrimo tikslas – remiantis literatūros ir informaciniais šaltiniais, atliktais projektais ir prieš projektinėmis studijomis, išanalizuoti oro uostų terminalų pastatų projektavimo principus ir keliamus reikalavimus, atitinkančius šiuolaikiniams poreikiams. Tyrimo objektas – terminalo pastato vietos parinkimas ir projektavimas Tarptautiniame Vilniaus oro uoste. Tyrimo problema glūdi šiandienos situacijoje Vilniuje – augantis keleivių skaičius per metus, transporto infrastruktūros savitumas ir palankus urbanistinis kontekstas yra pagrindiniai veiksniai, sąlygosiantys netolimoje ateityje, šalia jau pastatyto terminalo, naujo terminalo statybą TVOU. Terminalo pasiūlą ir kokybę lemia augantis keleivių skaičius ir naujos technologijos. Darbo autorė siūlo Vilniaus tarptautiniame oro uoste statyti jos suprojektuotą keleivių terminalo pastatą. Projektuojant naują keleivių terminalo pastatą buvo siekiama išraiškingesnės architektūros, komfortabilesnės aplinkos ir mažinti eksploatacines išlaidas. Darbą sudaro 5 dalys: įvadas, analitinė dalis (iki projektiniai tyrimai), projektinė dalis (eksperimentinis projektavimas ir pastato projektas), išvados ir siūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 87 p. teksto be priedų, 35 iliustr., 2 lent., 17 bibliografiniai ir informaciniai šaltiniai; darbo priedai. Atskirai parengti projekto 10 brėžinių ir 2 maketai.Theme of master final work – new passenger terminal in Vilnius International airport. Objective of the reseach – to analyse the principles and requirement for the passenger terminal building designing on the base of feasibility studies and projects, lieterature and information resources. Subject of reseach – the choice of plane and designing of passenger terminal building in Vilnius International airport. The problem is today‘s situation in Vilnius – increacing passenger number ,transport infrastructure peculiarity and urbanistic context are the key factors, which influence the construction of the new passenger terminal in International Vilnius airport in the near future. The supply of passenger terminal and their quality is predetermined by the passenger and new technology. Author of thesis offers to construct her designed passenger terminal in International Vilnius airport. In this project author try to reach more expressive architecture, better comfort for passengers and to reduce the exploitation expeditures. Structure: introduction, analytic part, design and pilot project, conclussion and suggestions, referentes. Thesis consists of : 87 p. text without appendixes, 35 pictures, 2 tables, 17 bibliographical entries. Appendixes included.10 drawings and 2 models.
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Gumuliauskaitė, Evelina. "Vilniaus oro uosto aplinkos urbanistinės konversijos galimybės." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050629_100540-38216.
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The analysed problem – the possibilities of conversion for the surroundings of Vilnius airport. Needs of Vilnius International airport for Vilnius city. Main goals for the project – to analyse te surroundings of Vilnius airport, to analyse possibilities of territory conversion to public, comercial and infrastuctural zones.to present the best terrain for airport development. To value airport expansion prediction, current urban structure, infrastructure, functional links with EU and other world senters, to value the possibility to subordinate city tram and european fast trainand connect all this with designed urban structure and urban complex. The Project is based on already existing or still conceptional projects made in Lithuania and abroad.Project presents airport surroundings and its interface with the structure of the parts of town. Airport centre complex should make modern, multifunctional, contemporary gates to European Vilnius.
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Leo, Laura <1996>. "“ Un'analisi delle criticità nella procedura penale del Giappone contemporaneo”." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16746.
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Il diritto giapponese dalle prime forme nell’antichità ai codici odierni cambia per molti aspetti. Per questo nonostante il diritto moderno abbia una forma da tratti occidentali spesso nel modo di operare dei giudici e dei procuratori ritroviamo la psicologia del passato in certi aspetti. Il più grande cambiamento del diritto penale risale alla pubblicazione del codice Keiho del 1907 anche se cambiò radicalmente la sua visione nel Giappone post-guerra con l’introduzione dei diritti umani nella riforma costituzionale. Con questi cambiamenti ci fu anche un’evoluzione della società in risposta alla criminalità. Le figure istituzionali volte alla supervisione e al giudizio di chi compie i reati sono attentamente scelte e tendono a portare a termine i casi. Per questo motivo riscontriamo il tasso più elevato di condanna a confronto con altri paesi, a volte però a discapito degli innocenti. Il modus operandi delle forze dell’ordine è cambiato ma ha sempre dei tratti relativi agli usi giapponesi. Questa visione la riscontriamo nell’analisi di un rilevamento relativo all’aumento di criminalità alla fine del 1900 con la risposta pronta del governo per far restare il paese nei primi posti nelle classifiche mondiali in relazione al minor tasso di criminalità.
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Veronese, Marta <1995>. "Jordan policy towards Syrian Refugees: beyond criticism. Analysis on Jordan's ability to manage the enormous number of refugees while maintaining internal stability." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15463.
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La tesi è stata scritta durante il mio soggiorno in Giordania, periodo in cui ho prestato servizio di volontariato in collaborazione con Caritas alle famiglie siriane, in particolare nel governatorato di Zarqa e Mafraq. Durante le interviste rivolte alle famiglie nelle comunità ospitanti è più volte emerso che mentre i bambini più piccoli erano iscritti a scuola, il figlio maggiore, di età tra i 13 e i 18 anni, doveva invece lavorare per aiutare il padre a mantenere la famiglia, scegliendo di non continuare il percorso scolastico. Dall’intervista svoltasi con Yumi Matsuda, rappresentante UNICEF ad Amman, il lavoro minorile, insieme al matrimonio delle bambine è il fenomeno più attivo e preoccupante in Giordania, e l’UNICEF ha già iniziato campagne di sensibilizzazione e aiuti alle famiglie per far fronte al problema. Un ruolo fondamentale nella gestione dei rifugiati è svolto dall’UNHCR, per conto del quale ho intervistato Francesco Bert, Senior External Relations Officer ad Amman che mi ha fornito una panoramica generale dei maggiori campi in cui l’agenzia lavora e i servizi che essa offre. L’intervista con lo Zaatari Camp Manager (dal 2014 al 2016) Hovig Etyemezian è stata illuminante per la chiave di lettura che ho deciso di dare alla mia tesi: al di là delle infinite critiche che sono state rivolte al governo giordano, bisogna ammettere che esso, a differenza per esempio dell’Europa, è stato in grado di accogliere un grandissimo numero di rifugiati senza minare la stabilità interna e riuscendo ad evitare il malcontento del suo popolo. Il primo capitolo analizza le relazioni tra Siria e Giordania nella storia, caratterizzate da un alternarsi di rivalità e cooperazione, l’ultima dovuta soprattutto da fattori economici; il secondo capitolo studia la figura del rifugiato nella legge internazionale e l’apparato giuridico che circonda la Giordania nella sua politica di accoglienza dei rifugiati. Infatti, lo stato non è firmatario della Convenzione sui rifugiati del 1951 tuttavia ha ratificato diversi documenti riguardanti la questione, primo tra tutti il Memorandum of Understanding con l’UNHCR. Infine, il terzo e quarto capitolo si focalizzano rispettivamente sul lavoro e sull'educazione in relazione ai rifugiati siriani e sull'influenza che queste ondate migratorie hanno avuto sul mercato del lavoro e sul sistema educativo. La tesi punta ad individuare le strategie per le quali la Giordania è riuscita ad ottenere un equilibrio per il quale non ha smesso di accogliere rifugiati, ma allo stesso tempo non ha trascurato i bisogni della popolazione giordana, tenendo conto anche della limitata disponibilità di risorse e dell’estensione territoriale ridotta. Il Regno Hashemita infatti è il secondo stato più colpito dalla crisi siriana con la seconda quota più alta di rifugiati rispetto alla sua popolazione: la Giordania accoglie circa 762 mila rifugiati.
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Bisogno, Giulia <1992>. "China in Africa: Win-Win cooperation or a new colonialism? The Western criticism against China's role in sub-Saharan Africa." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14799.
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China’s growing involvement in sub-Saharan African countries, has been the topic of considerable scholarly, media, and even general public attention since 2000, when China established the first summit on China and Africa co-operation. The growing Chinese’s engagement in Africa Sub-Saharan raise concerns about the China’s presence in African countries. Indeed, Western opinion have exacerbated criticism against China, placing the whole world some questions that undermine Chinese reputation: The dissertation in question, will provide the analysis of China’s relation with Sub-Saharan countries through the debate arising between Western and Chinese opinion, focusing attention on a specific period which runs from 2009 to 2018. The first chapter will provide an historical background which purpose is to clarify how China and African countries have strengthened relationship since the beginning of their official engagement. The second chapter will handle with the analysis of China and Sub-Saharan relationship countries through the lecture of two international newspapers which can be considered as a window on the wider world: The Economist and The Guardian. The third chapter will deal with Chinese’ opinion about its own presence in Africa. How China defends its position and reputation against the harsh critics moved by Western concerns? Through the China Daily (Zhongguo Ribao 中国日报), I will provide an analysis of China and Africa contemporary relation from Chinese perspective, considering the debate between China Daily, The Economist and The Guardian
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Nardi, Linda <1989>. "Il Turismo cinese in Italia: aree di criticità e opportunità di crescita." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5573.
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Il presente elaborato oltre ad essere uno strumento informativo di analisi dell'opportunità che il turismo cinese outbound può offrire al nostro territorio in generale, vuole presentare un modello di business studiato in collaborazione con Dorsoduro Srl, società di servizi rivolti all'export, per l'elaborazione di un progetto imprenditoriale orientato all'incoming di turisti cinesi attraverso la passione per il gioco del golf.
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Marcon, Marta <1988>. "Contesto, effetti e criticità della Unione Doganale tra Unione Europea e Repubblica di Turchia (1996)." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2050.
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L’argomento principale di questa tesi è l’analisi della Unione Doganale tra i paesi della Comunità Europea e la Repubblica di Turchia. Tale soggetto risulta interessante essendo la Turchia l’unico paese non membro ad aver stretto un forte rapporto economico con l’Unione, anche a testimonianza della continuità dei rapporti che intercorrono tra le due entità istituzionali.
Iniziando da una contestualizzazione che andasse non solo ad analizzare gli eventi storici, ma anche i climi politici e le situazioni economiche che hanno concorso alla concretizzazione dell’Unione Doganale, l’argomento è stato sviluppato analizzando nel dettaglio la legge, i suoi effetti e punti di criticità.
Si è cercato di riportare non solo gli effetti dell’Unione Doganale sull’economia turca, ma anche le conseguenze sulla sfera politica, legale ed amministrativa dello Stato turco.
Le ricerche si sono basate su articoli apparsi in riviste economiche, di studi politici e di affari internazionali.
Nella prima parte viene presentato un background storico che affonda le radici nel 1963 con la stipulazione del Trattato di Ankara e che ha portato, nel 1996, all’Unione Doganale tra Europa e Turchia come ultima tappa di un importante cammino. Nella seconda parte il Trattato di Unione Doganale viene analizzato dal punto di vista giuridico e legale: vengono riportate le riforme attuate dalla Turchia per armonizzare l’apparato amministrativo, legale e giuridico con i parametri delineati dall’Unione Europea, così come le riforme e gli aggiustamenti ancora incompiuti e necessari. La terza parte considera gli effetti dell’Unione Doganale sull’economia turca, in particolare sul settore dell’industria e sul commercio estero. A conclusione, la tesi prende in esame la situazione attuale sia dei rapporti derivanti dall’Unione Doganale, sia in generale sui rapporti che intercorrono tra Unione Europea e Turchia in un ottica di avvicinamento della seconda alla prima.
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Gagnon, Julie E. "Masculinidades de moda : machos del Siglo de Oro." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84509.
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Among the diverse fabric of masculinities that prestigious authors such as Pedro Calderon de la Barca, Tirso de Molina and Agustin Moreto weave into their plots, fashion proves to be a common thread and a particularly useful tool. Thus, as I approach the idea of "Fashionable Masculinities" and investigate a few "macho" and/or not so "macho men" in Early Modern drama I hope to go beyond the traditional interpretations, stereotypes and icons often associated with men---in particular, Spanish men in Golden Age drama. This will be achieved by revisiting typical cases and compared through research and documentation of atypical representations of maleness that could be considered displacements and/or subversions of the social matrix. In effect, this study explores how the male ideal is shaped and judged both by the essence of his personality, as well as his physical appearance (i.e.: clothing, hairstyle, mannerisms, discourse and voice). As such, it becomes evident that masculinity is moulded, influenced, enhanced, exaggerated and even muted as it is subject to the whim of different fashions prevalent at a specific moment in time. Moreover, a multitude of social, cultural, racial and historical factors determine the always changing image of the so called "macho man".Therefore, in order to explore distinct representations of masculinity I approach three different comedias by three different playwrights while comparing how the main character's masculinity fared in three very important spaces: physical, social and sexual. I focus my attention on Saber del mal y del bien by Calderon. Secondly, Don Gil de las calzas verdes by Tirso and explored El lindo don Diego by Moreto. Each one the these represents a different degree of palatable male identities given this particular social construct.
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Cilia, Giulia <1994>. "Criticità nelle politiche di sostegno alle madri lavoratrici in Giappone: un'analisi socio-giuridica." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18627.
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Il Giappone, dopo essere uscito distrutto dalla Seconda guerra mondiale, ha avuto una crescita economica impressionante, che lo ha portato ad essere una delle maggiori potenze economiche mondiali. Parallelamente, si è modernizzato anche nell'ambito sociale, riconoscendo una notevole importanza alle questioni della parità di genere. Infatti, dall'inizio della recessione economica del Giappone negli anni Novanta, la forza lavoro femminile ha subito cambiamenti rivoluzionari poiché un maggior numero di donne è riuscito ad avviare una proprio carriera, staccandosi così dallo stereotipo giapponese, che le vuole madri sagge e amorevoli (ryōsai kenbo) e passando dal ruolo di casalinghe, che si occupano principalmente della casa e della famiglia, a donne in carriera, che nella loro occupazione creano nuove identità sociali. Di grande impatto è stata la ratifica della Convenzione contro l'eliminazione di tutte le forme di discriminazione contro le donne (CEDAW) , che ha portato, nel 1986, all'approvazione della legge sulle pari opportunità (Equal Employment Opportunity Law). Nonostante le madri lavoratrici siano supportate e tutelate dalla Legge e dal Governo giapponese grazie ai congedi maternità e ai congedi per l'assistenza all'infanzia e alla famiglia, le aziende, gli stessi colleghi e la società continuano a fare pressione affinché le lavoratrici scelgano un lavoro part-time o addirittura di ritirarsi dal lavoro, rinunciando così alla propria carriera.
Books on the topic "Ory and criticism"
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Pont, Jaume. La poesía de Carlos Edmundo de Ory. [Lérida, Spain]: Universitat de Lleida, 1998.
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Mesado, J. Rafael. La poesía poliédrica de Carlos Edmundo de Ory. Cádiz (España): Editorial UCA, Universidad de Cádiz, 2020.
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1947-, Pont Jaume, Fernández Palacios Jesús 1947-, and Chicharro Eduardo 1905-1964, eds. Carlos Edmundo de Ory: Textos críticos sobre su obra. Cádiz [Spain]: Diputación de Cádiz, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2001.
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Bañón, Raquel Medina. Surrealismo en la poesía española de posguerra, 1939-1950: Ory, Cirlot, Labordeta y Cela. Madrid: Visor, 1997.
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Les longs romans du XVIIe siècle: Urfé, Desmarets, Gomberville, La Calprenède, Scudéry. Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2013.
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Cimpoi, Mihai, Alexandru Burlacu, Mihail Dolgan, Ion Ciocanu, Nicolae Bilețchi, Aliona Grati, Nina Corcinschi, and Andrei Țurcanu. Nicolae Bilețchi la ora reconsiderărilor: Omagiu 75. [Chișinău]: Profesional Service, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ory and criticism"
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Ruse, Michael. "Normative Criticisms." In Sociobiology: Sense or Nonsense?, 74–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6438-9_5.
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Ruse, Michael. "Epistemological Criticisms." In Sociobiology: Sense or Nonsense?, 102–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6438-9_6.
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Mäkiranta, Janne. "Chapter 10. From Stale Air to Toxic: Concerns About Urban Air in Finland." In Green Development or Greenwashing?, 199–215. Winwick, Cambs.: The White Horse Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/63824846758018.ch10.
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Air pollution can be seen as one of the oldest and most enduring environmental problems in human history. At the same time its modern form as a public health concern is relatively novel. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the concern about urban air quality in Finland from the late nineteenth century to the late 1960s, when the fear of air pollution rose to new prominence. The chapter shows how nineteenth and early twentieth century concerns over urban air were based on the idea that clean air is beneficial for health. During the twentieth century, this vague hygienic idea was replaced by a more specific view that derived from medical research in industrial environments. From the late 1950s onwards, air pollution measurements and medical research provided a detailed analysis of air quality. As a result, the concern about urban air was directed towards specific pollutants and their potential effects on health. This toxicological approach has been criticised in environmental history for its reductionism. The chapter shows, however, how the same approach was embraced by the environmental critics of the late 1960s. These critics used the toxicological approach to make local air pollution part of the concern about global environmental contamination. The chapter concludes that, despite the new rhetoric of the 1960s, the concern over urban air was in many ways a continuation of the nineteenth century critique about the hazards of urban living and the general progress of civilisation. The longing for clean air was replaced by the ubiquitous threat of toxins in the environment.
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Riley, William B. "The Higher Criticism According to Higher Critics." In The Finality of the Higher Criticism or The Theory of Evolution and False Theology, 5–24. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429058943-1.
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Stavans, Ilan. "8. The critic’s “I”." In Jewish Literature: A Very Short Introduction, 81–92. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780190076979.003.0009.
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“The critic’s “I”” argues that Jewish literature is not only what writers and readers do, but also the degree to which critics are constantly contextualizing it. Cultural thinkers like Walter Benjamin, Hannah Arendt, Irving Howe, and Alfred Kazin, through a discerning “I” and a penetrating eye, allow literature to speak to society and vice versa. There is an important role for public intellectuals who have a connections with, or away from, institutions of higher learning. It is worth looking at the cases of Susan Sontag and Harold Bloom. Without criticism, literature is incapable of lasting meaning. In the case of Jewish literature, critics become torchbearers of transnational ideas.
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Smith, Barbara. "The Truth that Never Hurts, Black Lesbians in Fiction in the 1980s." In Feminisms, 85–90. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192892706.003.0013.
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Abstract Just as surely as a Black woman writer’s relationship to feminism affects the themes she might choose to write about. a Black woman critic’s relationship to feminism determines the kind of criticism she is willing and able to do. The fact that critics are usually also academics, however, has often affected Black women critics’ approach to feminist issues. If a Black woman sd10lar’s only connection to women’s issues is via women’s studies, as presented by white women academics. most of whom are not activists, her access to movement analyses and practice will be limited or nonexistent. I believe that the most accurate and developed theory, including literary theory, comes from practice. from the experience of activism.
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"Assessment & Criticism." In Acre or Cyprus?, 47–50. DE GRUYTER, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/9783050095233.47.
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Towlson, Jon. "“Sick or Subtle?”: Critical Reception and Audience Consumption." In Dawn of the Dead, 85–100. Liverpool University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800856370.003.0006.
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This chapter details Dawn of the Dead’s reception by film critics and audiences. Romero was harshly criticised by many (including Janet Maslin and Pauline Kael) who felt that Dawn of the Dead ‘desensitised’ viewers to violence. A number of early criticisms concentrated on the violence, and the effect this appeared to have on some members of the audience. These criticisms keyed into media effects debates that seemed to preoccupy the media regulators. The film itself came second to a broader discussion of screen violence – or was dismissed altogether because of its violence. The chapter goes on to discuss how controversy over Dawn of the Dead’s violence has receded over the years and critics now tend to focus on the satirical aspects of the film. The gore of Dawn of the Dead has become commonplace to the genre; its shock/controversy factor has been lost, which has led to the film becoming less polarising for critics and audiences. But the violent extremity of Dawn of the Dead has, in the past, been seen by many as problematic, just as its gory excess has contributed to its cult status amongst audiences.
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Williams, Martin. "Criticism." In Jazz In Its Time, 229–32. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195069044.003.0039.
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Abstract A musician is supposed to have said recently that the criticism of jazz is a kind of joke and that there are no jazz critics. Without agreeing with him entirely, I am very sympathetic to his statement. But I say this to indicate that to me the words critic and criticism are rather special ones. A man who makes comments or reports on jazz records (or books, or plays, or movies) is not necessarily worthy of the title of critic.
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Pratt, George. "Criticism." In Aural Awareness, 84–92. Oxford University PressOxford, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790228.003.0009.
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Abstract Most of the exercises in the three previous chapters have been concerned with identifying the presence of particular musical features but not necessarily deciding whether their presence is desirable. The process has been one of observation rather than exercising critical judgement. In the timbral analysis of six bars of Britten’s ‘Narcissus’ (Ex. 6.2a) there proved to be a remarkable number of differences between the four performances. Yet we have studiously avoided declaring that one performance was ‘better’ than the others, or even that the use of a single accent, any one moment of vibrato, a specific gradient of dynamic change, was preferable to the other performers’ interpretations.
Conference papers on the topic "Ory and criticism"
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Collier, Benjamin, and Julia Bear. "Conflict, criticism, or confidence." In the ACM 2012 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145265.
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Fagard, Jacqueline, Jacques Py, and Agnès Roby-Brami. "Le rôle structurant des comités d’éthique de la recherche pour une recherche intègre et responsable : un retour d’expérience de la fédération française des CER." In 2ème Colloque International de Recherche et Action sur l’Intégrité Académique. « Les nouvelles frontières de l’intégrité ». IRAFPA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56240/cmb9923.
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The research Ethics Committees (RECs) give authorization, after ethical assessment, to conduct research involving human participants, whether or not the research is for medical purposes. In France, a distinction is made between research aimed at increasing medical or biological knowledge (examined by the Committees for the Protection of Human Research Participants) and non-medical research on humans. The CERs, which are grouped in a federation of RECs. The French RECs conduct an ethical examination of the research, in particular from the point of view of the protection of participants, but do not give authorization to conduct the research it has examined. The importance of RECs is not without criticism from the researchers concerned: hegemonism, normalization, control or even censorship of research, waste of time, etc. The appropriateness of these criticisms is examined and the value of the RECs in promoting honest and responsible research is argued.
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Đakovac, Aleksandar. "Person and Essence: A Response to the Negative Reception of Metropolitan John Zizioulas’ Theology of Personhood." In Naučni skup Doprinos mitropolita pergamskog Jovana (Zizijulasa) savremenom sistematskom bogoslovlju. Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za Sistematsko bogoslovlje Pravoslavnog bogoslovskog fakulteta, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/mitjovan23.043dj.
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Critique is a desirable and necessary element in every domain of hu- man thought. Well-argued and well-grounded theological critique of- fers the potential for deeper insights and more precise explanations, all of which contribute to more successful communication of the Gospel message. Pointing out the shortcomings of our predecessors and teach- ers is therefore essential. This is what the patristic heritage teaches us. The Fathers always relied on their predecessors and teachers, but they also supplemented, interpreted, and sometimes corrected their state- ments. However, if theological criticism is based on the desire to pro- mote one’s own originality, or worse, to denigrate our predecessors, then it misses its mark and proves to be empty and unworthy of its preem- inent task — the building up of the Church. The work of Metropoli- tan John Zizioulas has left an indelible and profound mark on ecclesial theology. Precisely because of this, his insights are often the subject of both praise and sharp criticism. When it comes to criticism, this paper will deal with the objections raised against his teaching on personhood, which is at the heart of his Triadology, Christology, and anthropolo- gy, and consequently all other theological disciplines. It is our opinion that the criticisms of Zizioulas’ theology, at least as far as his teaching on personhood is concerned, are insufficiently grounded and that the objections raised are not valid. This is what we will attempt to argue in this paper. Our goal is not to present Zizioulas as an infallible author- ity. It is possible that in the future someone will offer a more complete and comprehensive teaching on personhood than Zizioulas’s, but in our judgment that time has not yet come. Due to the comprehensiveness of the topic, we are forced to omit many details and to try to provide a general overview of the controversy in this field.
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Elórtegui Gómez, Claudio, and Hanns De La Fuente-Mella. "Analysis of Political Debate Programs to Identify the Elements of Political Transition Process in Chile." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002296.
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The Chilean political transition has experienced strong questioning in recent years, especially at the level of the younger generations. These aspects have been made visible in the social mobilizations that took place in Chile in 2019 and in a growing context of political polarization, perception of corruption towards institutions and criticism of the media, spaces conceived from an agreed or semi-sovereign democracy. As a way of analyzing the political communication experienced in these original contexts of the return of Chilean democracy, the research will take a series of programs of political debates, broadcast on television between 1989 and 1991, that is, at the very beginning of the transition as historical process. The objective is through the use of probabilistic econometric models to measure the characteristics of the political debate, through the political identification of the panelists, types of participation of the participants in these programs and the dominant topics between the interactions, as a way of putting in perspective the critics towards that moment.
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Rudenko, M. S. "BULGAKOV AND SHOLOKCHOV IN THE LITERARY CRITICISM OF THE FIRST WAVE OF RUSSIAN EMIGRATION." In VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3725.rus_lit_20-21/194-198.
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The question of how the first wave of emigration evaluates the works of Bulgakov and Sholokhov is far from simple. While Bulgakov is perceived by emigrants as a Soviet, or at least “sub-Soviet” writer, such definitions are not given to Sholokhov. It is obvious that Sholokhov is perceived as a writer of the first rank, a singer of the Cossacks, and the creator of a wide epic canvas. The completely socialist realist “Virgin Soil Upturned” also receives a fairly positive assessment. At the same time, critics are obviously biased towards Bulgakov. He is valued as a satirist, but his position in “The White Guard” and especially in “Days of the Turbins” is regarded rather as Soviet, and his objectivity is sometimes interpreted as slander. If Sholokhov is perceived almost without criticism, then critical arrows fall on Bulgakov not only from Khodasevich and Adamovich, who seem to be quite unanimous on this issue, but also from a number of connoisseurs of Russian literature.
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West, Harry. "A Criticism of an Undergraduate Design Curriculum." In ASME 1991 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1991-0024.
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Abstract The mechanical engineering design curriculum of one university (MIT) is outlined. The sophomore level Introduction to Design course and the senior level Design Projects course are described in more detail, and compared and criticized. The challenge of design education is ascribed to two sources: (a) the reach of design development that is expected of the students, and (b) the difficulty of providing adequate feedback to the students. It is proposed that (i) the limitations on the science based undergraduate curriculum for providing a professional education in design be formally recognized, and that there be a clearer understanding of what a graduating engineer is expected to be capable of, and what is to be provided by graduate school and/or company based on-the-job training programs; (ii) that established principles of design be taught at appropriate stages in the undergraduate curriculum to the extent that they match the students’ design development and experience; and (iii) that undergraduate design courses incorporate projects in which students’ designs are manifested in hardware to provide an effective complement to the feedback provided by the faculty teaching the course.
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Al-dabbagh, Asma. "The Nature of Interpretation in Architectural criticism." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 2020. Cihan University-Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/aces2020/paper.256.
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The expressive systems in architecture consists of two components: the system of forms and the system of meanings, these systems are linked together by unwritten rules, which are a matrix of correlations / implications that determine any meanings associated with any forms. The designer remains unsure of the possible interpretations of his design, because of the variation in the nature of meaning, discovered by the recipient, and this stems from the variation of reliance on the theory of interpretation in this regard. Many studies of architectural semiology indicate some of these theories; Classical theory believes in the natural meaning, which influenced by form's geometry, Pragmatic theory believes in the common meaning, which stems from the use of form within different contexts and according to social custom. The research attempts to explore the aspects of interpretation adopted by two critics, in order to determine the theory adopted by them, so the designer will be aware to the nature and type of meaning comprehended by viewers. The results showed the adoption of common and inclusive meanings, also showed the variation in the role of architectural Expressions in confirming or multiplying the meaning, influenced by contexts and signal types. The conclusion emphasized the importance of historical references, stylistic trend, and spatial contexts in form interpretation.
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Jayamaha, Samurdhi, and Kushanthi Harasgama. "Third-Party Financing in Investor-State Dispute Settlement: For Better or for Worse?" In SLIIT International Conference on Advancements in Sciences and Humanities 2023. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/ghuk3926.
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The proliferation of international investments during the past few decades has contributed to the rise in the number of disputes that are submitted to Investor-State Dispute Settlement forums. Concomitantly, the criticisms of the conventional ISDS have also increased. Critics often refer to certain inherent flaws in the system inter alia the involvement of third-party financing for ISDS cases. With the growing costs and the significant interests involved in investment disputes, ‘investment claims’ themselves have emerged as a new class of assets that international actors pursue. In such circumstances, this study attempts to evaluate the existence of TPF for ISDS claims, and how that could contribute to or undermine the essence of ISDS, as an impartial dispute settlement mechanism which balances and accommodates diverse interests of the parties involved, namely, the largely commercial interests of the investors and the macro-economic, public and social interests of the host states. This study was conducted as a library-based study with relevant case law being analysed to comprehend the trend of TPF in ISDS cases. Evidently, TPF is not unwelcoming in its entirety. While it could inter alia provide financial support for meritorious claims which are otherwise unable to withstand the rising costs of ISDS which is positive, it could also have the negative effect of inter alia untenably increasing the number of ISDS cases by minimising the risk factor and possibly encouraging marginal claims. The paper concludes by recommending both the bilateral treaties and the international arbitration institutions should strive to achieve transparency in the matter of ISDS where TPF is involved.
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Andronie, Maria. "E- LEARNING AND DISTANCE LEARNING INFORMATION SYSTEMS AUDITING." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-074.
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Distance learning and in particular e- Learning are activities that are usually based on new technologies like ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Distance learning and e- Learning brought many advantages to those who used them, making possible for people from different social categories to have more easily access to education. However, there appeared also criticism to their use, especially to distance learning, blaming the reduced quality of training provided to the students. Some of these criticisms are partially justified by the fact that some institutions applied distance learning concepts erroneously, obtaining negative results. For example it is not recommended to study certain disciplines witch require practical abilities (like medicine, theatre, sports, and so on) at distance. Distance learning is more appropriate to the disciplines that are more theoretical like economics, mathematics, literature, some branches of science and others. With the emergence of modern e- Learning technologies it became possible to transmit more effectively knowledge and even practical abilities to students following distance learning courses, but there are still limitations witch must be taken in to account if one wants to obtain the best performance from using e- Learning and distance learning systems. In the above mentioned context, the quality assurance of distance learning and e-Learning becomes very important, quality auditing becoming an essential factor towards success. The paper will be focused on auditing e- Learning and distance learning systems. There will be explored the possibilities to design or use and quality audit of a dedicated information systems for the distance learning and e- Learning activities.
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Kazanskaya, Maria N. "THE TERM DIASYRTICUS IN SERVIUS’ COMMENTARY ON THE AENEID (SERV. IN AEN. 2, 80–193)." In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.09.
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The article examines a fairly rare term of Greek origin, diasyrticus, that is used four times in Servius’ commentary on Sinon’s speech in the second book of Vergil’s Aeneis (Serv. in Aen. 2, 80–193). Although this term does sporadically appear in scholia to other Roman poets, Servius’ use of it four times over a limited stretch of his commentary, as well as the fact that he does not use either diasyrticus or the adverb diasyrtice in any other passage of his commentary, is remarkable. The article seeks to determine the exact meaning of the term diasyrticus, as well as to describe its usage in works of Roman scholars and critics, to trace its origins and estimate at what point the Greek term might have entered the terminological apparatus of Roman literary criticism; finally, a possible source for Servius’ use of diasyrticus is suggested. It is shown that the semantics of the Greek adjective διασυρ- τικóς, which derives from the noun διασύρτης ‘malicious liar, detractor’, combines two aspects, designating the speech of one who seeks to fool his listeners or to slander someone or something before their eyes, but also does this with malicious intent, taking a mean delight in their gullibility. It appears that the term διασυρτικóς began to be used by Roman scholars and critics at the end of the first century BCE (cf. the use of διασυρτικός in Περὶ τρόπων of the Alexandrian grammarian Trypho who, according to the tradition, taught in Rome at that time). Among the occurrences of diasyrticus in Roman scholarship, Aelius Donatus’ use of it in his commentary on Terence is particularly significant. Donatus was also the author of an important commentary on Vergil (now largely lost), and an important source for Servius as he was composing his own commentary. It is therefore highly probable that it was ultimately from Donatus’ work that Servius adopted the term diasyrticus, limiting its application, however, only to Sinon’s speech. Refs 13.
Reports on the topic "Ory and criticism"
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Carrión-Tavárez, Ángel, and Javier Gutiérrez-Ballivián. A dataset on the digital transformation of university courses during the covid-19 pandemic. Fachhochschule Dortmund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/25862001.
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This paper presents a dataset created from a survey on the experiences of professors from business schools at Latin American universities, in the digital transformation of their courses, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The dataset collects the insight that professors had about the national and institutional policies on information and communication technologies (ICT) in higher education; the methods, strategies, and resources used by professors; and the outcomes at the end of the courses. The purpose of this work is to inform the academic community of the existence and availability of this dataset for analysis, criticism, or possible use by other researchers.
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Vera Martínez, Paola Selene. Working Paper PUEAA No.1. Green policies within the framework of the socio-ecological system and the Sustainable Development Goals: an approach from the cement industry. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.001r.2021.
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Since the 1970s there has been a growing interest in international cooperation policies to fight against climate change and its effects on the planet, but these have not had the expected results. One of the main criticisms of these policies is that they have not addressed the issue of human development and the existing socioeconomic differences. This is why the UN 2030 Agenda has focused on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that seek the protection of the environment, on a par with that of human societies. Since both are interdependent, they must be addressed and their problems solved in a sustainable way, taking into account all the socio-economic factors that may affect the results or actions to be taken regarding climate change, both at macro and micro levels in economic and social terms.
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Asmare, Fissha, Seid Yimam, and Etsehiwot Semreab. Presumptive Taxation and Equity: Evidence from the Ethiopian Informal Sector. Institute of Development Studies, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.041.
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Presumptive tax has become a popular way of taxing businesses operating in the informal sector in middle- and low-income countries. The introduction of the presumptive tax system in Ethiopia in 2002 was intended to widen the tax base by bringing more informal sector operators into the tax net. However, the unintended consequences of its introduction were not adequately scrutinised, and it has been a source of criticism and complaints due to its alleged unfairness and lack of clarity in its implementation. A simple imposition of the presumptive tax upon the informal sector, without considering its complexity and the diversity of its actors, might have various negative consequences. In particular, it would likely compromise both horizontal and vertical equity. This study examines the issue empirically, exploring the equity implications of the presumptive tax system to tax the informal sector in Addis Ababa. The informal sector receives limited attention from either policymakers or researchers, and, prior to this research, we had no evidence on the characteristics of informal micro enterprises and the equity implications of Ethiopia’s presumptive tax system.
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McNeil-Willson, Richard. Applicability of Channel Vulnerability Assessment Framework and Programme for Kosovo. ICCT, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2024.5049.
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This paper examines the applicability of the Channel Vulnerability Assessment Framework and the Channel procedures in the context of Kosovo. It does this by examining the way in which the current Channel procedures are constructed with regard to risk assessment, the process of referrals, and the methods of rehabilitation or deradicalisation. The paper will also look at some of the problems of criticisms of the Channel approach, and the problematic implications that such an approach may have, as well as considering whether and how there might be an opportunity to remedy or resolve these. Ultimately, the paper finds that there are both risks and possibilities with deploying a Channel framework in a Kosovan context, although significant care must be taken, as the British context presents significant differences to the Kosovan, whilst it is also important to avoid replicating the mistakes that have been made by the UK Government during Prevent and Channel implementation.
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Savedoff, William D. Is Anybody Listening?: Ignoring Evidence in the Latin American Health Reform Debates. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008923.
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Throughout Latin America and the Caribbean, countries are in the midst of debates about their health systems. Frequently, the characteristics of reforms in one country are used to promote or criticize particular proposals in another. Despite the great importance and potential from learning from external models, evidence frequently makes very little difference to the way models are perceived and described in the political and social arena. To illustrate this point, the author takes Chile as an example, a country whose health reform has been widely decried as the most horrible of neo-liberal health reforms. However, the author states that Chile has one of the most progressive health systems in the world when measured by the combination of tax incidence and public health spending.
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Kelly, Luke. Emerging Trends Within the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) Agenda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.019.
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This report has identified emerging issues within the women, peace and security (WPS) agenda. Climate change has long been identified as a key cross-cutting issue and several potential avenues for WPS policy are identified. Other issues such as artificial intelligence (AI) have been highlighted as potentially relevant, but relatively little discussed with respect to WPS. The WPS agenda focuses on addressing the gendered impact of conflict and seeking to prevent conflict through increased women’s participation. In this report, WPS is understood as a body of UN Security Council resolutions (UNSCRs) and state national action plans (NAPs) labelled as WPS; as well as other UN and state policies using the language and ideas of WPS; and actions and ideas produced by civil society and academics inspired by the United Nations (UN) agenda or sharing ideas with it. The report focuses on new and emerging issues identified by academics and policymakers as relevant to the WPS agenda. Emerging trends and issues are broadly understood as: • Parts of the WPS agenda that are increasingly part of policies formulated by the UN, member states or civil society actors. • Parts of the WPS agenda that scholars or policymakers think have been neglected or not implemented sufficiently. • Re-interpretations of the framing of the WPS agenda. • New areas to which it is argued WPS should be applied. • Parallel international policy agendas with conceptual or legislative overlap with WPS. Emerging trends and issues are discussed with reference to their status in policy and implementation; normative debates about their place in the WPS agenda; and evidence on their implications for and applicability to certain contexts. The report does not seek to predict or assess the future trends or their relative importance, beyond highlighted existing interpretations of their status, implementation and potential implications. The report discusses a variety of emerging issues. These include issues where the WPS agenda has already been applied, but where its implementation –or lack thereof – has been criticised, such as in counterterrorism and arms control, or the conceptualisation of gender. The ability of WPS instruments to address changing forms of conflict has also been criticised. Issues to which it is argued that WPS should, and could, be applied more thoroughly, such as gang violence and trafficking, are discussed. The report includes new fields such as cybersecurity and AI, about which there is relatively little literature linked to WPS, but agreement that it may be relevant.
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Carty, Anthony, and Jing Gu. Theory and Practice in China’s Approaches to Multilateralism and Critical Reflections on the Western ‘Rules-Based International Order’. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.057.
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China is the subject of Western criticism for its supposed disregard of the rules-based international order. Such a charge implies that China is unilateralist. The aim in this study is to explain how China does in fact have a multilateral approach to international relations. China’s core idea of a community of shared future of humanity shows that it is aware of the need for a universal foundation for world order. The Research Report focuses on explaining the Chinese approach to multilateralism from its own internal perspective, with Chinese philosophy and history shaping its view of the nature of rules, rights, law, and of institutions which should shape relationships. A number of case studies show how the Chinese perspectives are implemented, such as with regards to development finance, infrastructure projects (especially the Belt and Road Initiative), shaping new international organisations (such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank), climate change, cyber-regulation and Chinese participation in the United Nations in the field of human rights and peacekeeping. Looking at critical Western opinion of this activity, we find speculation around Chinese motives. This is why a major emphasis is placed on a hermeneutic approach to China which explains how it sees its intentions. The heart of the Research Report is an exploration of the underlying Chinese philosophy of rulemaking, undertaken in a comparative perspective to show how far it resembles or differs from the Western philosophy of rulemaking.
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Young, David, Brandan Scully, Sean McGill, Ashley Elkins, and Marin Kress. Ranking ports by vessel demand for depth. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48019.
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The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) traditionally uses two metrics to evaluate the maintenance of coastal navigation projects: tonnage at the associated port (representing relative importance) and the controlling depth in the channel (representing operating condition). These are incorporated into a risk-based decision framework directing funds where channel conditions have deteriorated and the disrupted tonnage potential is the highest. However, these metrics fail to capture shipper demand for the maintained depth service provided by the USACE through dredging. Using automatic identification system (AIS) data, the USACE is pioneering new metrics describing vessel demand for the channel depth, represented by vessel encroachment volume (VEV). VEV describes the volume of the hull intruding into a specified clearance margin above the bed and captures how much vessels use the deepest portions of USACE-dredged channels. This study compares the VEV among 13 ports over 4 years by combining AIS, tidal elevations, channel surveys, and sailing draft. The ports are ranked based on the services demanded by their user base to inform the decision framework driving dredge funding allocations. Integrating demand for-depth metrics into the Harbor Maintenance Fee assessment and/or Trust Fund disbursements could alleviate the constitutionality concerns and several criticisms levied against Harbor Maintenance funding.
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Elnour Abdelkarim, Zeinab. Assessing Sudan's Electoral Legal Framework. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2022.18.
Full textAbstract:
Assessing Sudanʼs Electoral Legal Framework provides an in-depth insight and analysis of Sudanʼs current legal framework for elections. It measures Sudanʼs legal electoral framework against a common international understanding of the principles, norms and obligations that define credible and democratic elections. The objective of this analysis is not to criticize or pass judgement on the countryʼs existing electoral processes; instead, it offers an unbiased assessment of how Sudanʼs existing electoral laws and country context create an enabling or disabling environment for free and fair elections. It provides comprehensive and constructive recommendations to strengthen existing legislation and improve fairness, uniformity, reliability, consistency and professionalism in Sudanʼs future elections. This Report also assesses the status of core democratic principles and freedoms that provide the foundation for credible elections and highlights any restrictions on these fundamental rights and liberties that could interfere with the countryʼs upcoming elections or delay its political transition. It calls upon the transitional government to protect citizensʼ rights and liberties and prevent abuses that may influence public trust, fairness, and openness of electoral and other transitional processes. Lastly, this Report discusses political, socio-economic, and legal issues impacting Sudanʼs roadmap to democratic transition before the October 2021 military coup.
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Kakoulidou, Theano, Claire Keane, and Simona Sándorová. State Contributory Pension reform: Winners and losers. Evidence from the Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing. ESRI, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/bp202502.
Full textAbstract:
The Yearly Average Method used in calculating State Contributory Pension entitlements has been criticised for creating anomalies, particularly for women. It has been announced that from 2034 onwards, entitlements will be based fully on the new Total Contributions Approach. This paper examines the impact of this move, examining who will gain or lose from this change. Overall, we find little change in the average weekly pension rate with a slight fall for men and no change for women. These average changes mask gains and losses for some; around 14 per cent of women and 12 per cent of men will face a loss under the Total Contributions Approach while 5 per cent of men and 30 per cent of women will see a gain. More women will qualify for the maximum pension rate under the Total Contributions Approach due to the removal of anomalies associated with the Yearly Average Method. On average, losses are very small, less than 1 per cent of pension income, but will be largest at the bottom end of the income distribution.