Academic literature on the topic 'Oslobođenje (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)'

The author of the paper deals with the research and study of the process of the dissolution of the former SFRY, and the restoration of the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, through the pages of the daily newspaper Oslobodjenje. Namely, important lexical sources relevant to the study of historical processes in Bosnia and Herzegovina are available in the Oslobodjenje paper, which monitored and brought news about the process of the dissolution of the SFRY, and the restoration of the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to investigate the atmosphere and the environment in which the changes were taking place, as was the case in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as was the reaction of the then side, but also the domestic, political and other public. In this way, one more complete picture of everyday life in Bosnia and Herzegovina is to be given in these fateful moments of its millennial existence and specialties.

This essay observes contemporary Islamic dress practices in Bosnia-Herzegovina as a catalyst throwing into relief various tensions within Bosnian society – not only between Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats, but among Bosniaks themselves. Based on fieldwork carried out in Sarajevo, it looks at how people employ notions of culture and tradition when justifying what types of Islamic dress, if any, are compatible with Bosnian modernity. The essay analyses how people selectively draw on fragments from the historical and ethnographic record when they argue for or against veiling, and shows how, even though many denounce veiling and particularly face veiling as foreign to Bosnia, women who veil themselves equally draw on notions of culture and tradition when justifying their dress choices to others. The essay highlights how competing visions of Islam play a role in the transformation of religious, ethnic and gender identities in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and argues that dress as a gendered bodily practice does not merely mark assumed essential differences between an imagined Bosnian and foreign Islam but serves as a crucial means of their construction.

The main sources for power generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina are domestic coals, mainly lignite and brown coals, which are relatively characterized with a high content of sulphur (3-5%) and incombustibles (?30%). From the 70?s, use of this type of fuels was not allowed in the city of Sarajevo due to very unfavorable emissions to the atmosphere, during the heating period, and since then Sarajevo has been supplied with natural gas. All the heating installations in the city were reconstructed and adapted. The district heating system Toplane Sarajevo is supplied with electrical energy from the Public electrical distribution network (Elektrodistribucija Sarajevo) at low voltage (0.4 kV). The boiler-house Dobrinja III-2 (KDIII-2), from the district heating system of Sarajevo Suburb Dobrinja, which was not in use after the war 1992-1995, had a lot of advantages for the reconstruction into the co-generation plant. The Government of Canton Sarajevo financially supported this proposal. An analysis of co-generations for the district heating system and a selection of most appropriate co-generation systems were made. In the proposed conceptual design, the co-generation KDIII-2 was located in the existing boiler-house KDIII-2, connected with the heating system in Dobrinja. The operating costs of production of electricity and heat were evaluated in the study and compared with the costs of conventional energy supply to the district heating system. This analysis resulted in economic indicators, which showed that this investment was economically viable, and it also determined the payback period of the investment. In this paper results of the mentioned study and an overview of co-generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina are presented.

Disintegration of Yugoslav state union, which was carried out marked by ethnic conflicts and creation of new political and geographical subjectivities, resulted in major changes in ethnical and ethno-confessional structure of most of the urban settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina and especially those which until 1992 had a heterogeneous structure according to listed features. In this context, the biggest changes were recorded in three urban settlements: Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Mostar. Today, these settlements have a role of poles of development and affirmation of individual ethno-national ethno-confessional interests. Sarajevo - of Bosniaks and Islam, Banja Luka - of Serbs and Orthodoxy and Mostar - of Croats and Catholicism. Changes in ethnical and ethno-confessional structure of population of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the period from 1992 to 1995, strongly contributed to the territorial organization of Bosnia and Herzegovina into two entities, the Republic of Srpska with Serbian majority and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina within which the cantons are formed either with the Croatian or Bosniak majority. This division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, according to ethnical or ethno-confessional principle, is again a source of different, and usually conflicting, geopolitical relations and aspirations between mentioned constituents.

The study involved 286 individuals from different regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose sera were tested in the Laboratory for specific diagnosis of human brucellosis in Microbiology Department of Medical Faculty of University in Sarajevo, during the period from 2000. to 2003. Sera were tested using Brucelloslide Test, qualitative agglutination test Rose Bengal. Using the agglutination test, we serologically confirmed a diagnosis of human brucellosis in 59 (20.62%) seropositive individuals, whereof 38 (64.40%) men and 21 (35.60%) women. Individuals with human brucellosis were the most present in the age group of 31-40 (22.03%) and 41-50 (22.03%). One serologically confirmed death case was registered. The most seropositive individuals were from Zenica-Doboj Canton (32.20%), Sarajevo Canton (28.82%), Herzegovina-Neretva Canton (23.73%), Central Bosnia Canton (13.55%) and Una-Sana Canton (1.70%). During our four-year study, it was serologically confirmed that human brucellosis is present in Bosnia and Herzegovina and, through seropositive testing, we revealed the level of general exposition to Brucella spp. on wider area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyse the impact of factors that dominantly influence the choice of trade chains with large purchases in Bosnia and Herzegovina in retail trade, mainly food, beverages and household hygiene products. The survey was conducted using the survey questionnaire on a representative sample of 350 respondents in Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Mostar, with the aim of determining the prevailing buying behaviour of consumers during large purchases in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in retail outlets from large retail chains. For the purpose of analysing the collected data, the statistical package of SPSS was used, and in particular the methods: variance analysis (ANOVA) and multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA). On the basis of the obtained results, factors that have the greatest influence on the selection of retail chains in large purchases in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the level of Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Mostar can be determined. The contribution of this research is reflected in the recognition and understanding of the behaviour of consumers in the selection of retail chains in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The correct understanding of the factors that lead consumers in making large purchases is of essential importance for the business of retail chains in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The crisis of state cultural institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina that started in 2010 peaked with the closure of the National Museum in 2012. The crisis exposed the fragmentation that was taking place within Sarajevo’s cultural elite and the increasing gap between the former state cultural institutions and the civil sector. This paper examines the entanglement between the memory of the siege of Sarajevo and the fractioning within Sarajevo’s cultural elite through Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital and social distinctions, using the examples of the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Sarajevo Film Festival.

Background: Besides the war experience (1992–1995), Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) constitutes an interesting area for studies on suicidal behavior from an ethnic and religious perspective with its mixed ethnic population of Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. Aims: The study investigates suicide in BiH and the capital city of Sarajevo before (1985–1991) and after the war (1998–2006), with special reference to gender and ethnicity. Method: Official suicide data were gathered for the two periods with regard to gender, ethnicity, and suicide methods used. Results: No differences in suicide rates were found in BiH and Sarajevo before and after the war. The male-to-female suicide rate ratio in BiH was significantly higher after the war than before the war, with an opposite tendency seen in Sarajevo. Before and after the war, the highest and stable suicide rates were among Serbs in BiH. In Sarajevo the highest suicide rates were found among Croats after the war. Hanging was the most common suicide method used, both before and after the war, while firearms were more commonly used after the war. Poisoning was a rarely used method in both periods. Conclusion: The stable suicide rates in BiH over the pre- and postwar periods indicate no evident influence of the Bosnian war on the postwar level of suicide rates, except for women in Sarajevo. Beside this exception, the findings indicate a long-established underlying pattern in suicide rates that was not immediately changed, even by war. The study supports earlier findings that the accessibility of means influences the choice of suicide method used.

The purpose of this paper is fill in the literature gap and to analyse taxation of property in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). By using IMF and OECD methodology defined under taxes on property, our research tries to compare taxes on property in two BIH entities to the international practice. The results are twofold: firstly, inconsistencies to international classification of taxes on property in BIH are identified and secondly, the taxation of property differs in two BIH entities (RS and FBIH). We find that three different types of property taxes are applied –tax on immovable property in RS and real estate transfer tax and so called tax on property in FBIH. We also find that identified differences have an effect on the size and share of revenues from property taxes in both entities which affect local communities and their revenues. Hence, we focus on property taxes in FBIH since they are under cantonal jurisdiction. The research shows that most revenues from property taxes in FBIH are collected in Sarajevo Canton. In fact, most property tax revenues in Sarajevo Canton come from real estate transfer tax revenues and are collected in four municipalities forming the City of Sarajevo. Bearing in mind lack of reliable long term data in both BIH entities related to taxation of property, we conclude with a few policy recommendations and suggestions for future FBIH property related reforms which should in turn simplify the process of property taxation in FBIH and improve the position of local communities in FBIH.

Orientador: Omar Ribeiro Thomaz
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T09:53:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Peres_AndreaCarolinaSchvartz_D.pdf: 10660559 bytes, checksum: 71a38dbde9e434ec7f46703f12dcfb11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: A partir de pesquisa de campo em Sarajevo sobre fixers e outros que trabalharam para os jornalistas estrangeiros durante a guerra na Bósnia-Herzegóvina, pretendo pensar o lugar desses sujeitos na constituição de uma fala sobre o conflito. Paralelamente, penso a guerra enquanto um contexto de elaboração de discursos e identidades, que se revelaria de modo especial por meio destes sujeitos que procuro analisar. Os fixers são os intérpretes, os guias que tornaram possível o fazer jornalístico durante a guerra - em um lugar estrangeiro e de língua estrangeira para os grandes veículos internacionais de imprensa, predominantemente norte-americanos e europeus, que realizaram a cobertura do conflito e a transmitiram para todo o globo. Penso os fixers, portanto, como reveladores dos processos elencados acima e, também, como emblemáticos para se pensar o próprio fazer antropológico e o lugar do intermediário, sempre presente no campo, mas, na maioria das vezes, ausente nas etnografias. Esse trabalho é sobre eles, e como contam e entendem a sua história e a construção do estado na Bósnia
Abstract: Considering the field research in Sarajevo about fixers and those people ho worked for foreign journalists during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, I analyze their role in the making of the history about the conflict. Besides that, I consider the war as a context of elaboration of discourses and identities that can be noticed through the subjects I analyze. Fixers are the translators, the guides who made the work of journalists during the war possible - in a foreign country, a strange language - for the great Media Corporations, mainly American and European, who covered the conflict and broadcasted it worldwide. I think that the research about fixers shed light on the processes quoted before, and eventually, on the anthropological work itself, concerning the role of the "intermediary", always present on the field, but mostly absent in the ethnographies. Hence, this thesis is about those people and about how they are telling history and thinking the building of the State
Doutorado
Antropologia Social
Doutor em Antropologia Social

In the unique post-war and post-socialist arena several recent studies onformer Yugoslavian countries indicate that young people confronted by challengesof risk and uncertainty are turning away from the national and politicalsphere. Instead, they often seek trust and opportunities in their networks and relationshipson a personal level. This thesis explores the narratives and everydaypractices of young adults in Sarajevo regarding their friendship sociabilities. The aim is to provide an insight on how friendships are characterised, experiencedand related to the specific social and economic organisations that influencesthem. Based on fieldwork carried out in Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina myproject wants to present how young adults are reflecting and developing aspirationsin the light of their available choices and opportunities in life and how theyare using their friends in order to access various types of benefits and support. It is argued that in specific contexts friendships constitute the main social capitals and orientation points for young people. In order to explore and navigate through the different interests and agendas present in their community when it comes to personal education, career development and housing young peoplenecessarily choose to favour the reliance on their informal solidarities in form offriendships.

The aim of this thesis is to probe subnational varieties in compensation enacted for war victims in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina. The current literature in transitional justice posits that mainly the nature of previous conflicts, democratic and economic development, international normative pressures, and the regional clustering of justice explain why only some post-war countries award material assistance to victims (Olsen et al. 2010; Kim 2012; Risse and Sikkink 2013; Powers and Proctor 2015). While these explanations provide critical insights into the processes behind compensation adoption across states, they do not explain why only some victim categories within a state secure compensation. Drawing on a large database of qualitative data ranging from interviews to newspaper articles collected during fieldwork in Bosnia, this thesis explores compensation for military and civilian war victims, victims of torture and sexual violence, and families of missing people. By zooming in on these victim categories in the Bosnian context, this thesis advances a new understanding of compensation for victims as an outcome of complex political, external, and economic influences exerted on the main domestic policymakers. This thesis uses a new analytical framework about the inter-category varieties in compensation that draws upon arguments about bounded agency of war victims who are constrained by the parameters of post-war political structures that to a large degree shape their strategies. I show that the different compensation outcomes can primarily be explained by the varying effectiveness of victims in convincing domestic political authorities that compensation is in their political interest by using framing and advocacy strategies at the domestic and international level. While such strategies are limited by the political and socioeconomic characteristics of the state, victim categories that are able to strategically frame their demands and access resources to mobilize are more likely to secure compensation adoption. Therefore, this thesis introduces three tools that victims can leverage - international salience, moral authority, and mobilization resources - that are shaped by both structural conditions and the victims' agency.

Die CD Kratka muzička biografija Bosne i Hercegovine (1878–1918) [dt.: Eine kurze musikalische Biografie von Bosnien und Herzegowina] entstand dank der Forschungsarbeiten der jungen bosnisch-herzegowinischen Musikwissenschaftlerin Lana Paćuka, Dozentin an der Musikakademie in Sarajevo.

[ES] La presente tesis doctoral surge como respuesta a la problemática de la destrucción de la memoria histórica de Bosnia y Herzegovina, comenzada con la guerra de 1992 e institucionalizada a través de la legislación de los Acuerdos de Paz de Dayton. Se exponen en ella las causas históricas de esta destrucción y sus consecuencias, tanto las más inmediatas, a saber, la destrucción física del patrimonio del país, como las más remanentes, esto es, la descripción de la historia según las aspiraciones etnonacionalistas que causaron el conflicto. Sobre estos hechos, se ha hecho un estudio doble: por una parte, una investigación histórica hasta la actualidad sobre la escultura de Bosnia y Herzegovina, de la cual la figura de Alija Kucukalic destaca como máximo exponente y como prueba de que la tradición escultórica de Bosnia y Herzegovina tiene una evolución clara hacia la modernidad; por otra, un conjunto de propuestas prácticas que han permitido divulgar la obra artística y el legado cultural del escultor Alija Kucukalic, con el fin de exponer la importancia que tuvo su trabajo, tanto escultórico como pedagógico, para el desarrollo artístico de Bosnia y Herzegovina. En particular, la revisión política e histórica de Bosnia y Herzegovina realizada en esta investigación ha permitido mostrar que las ideologías etnonacionalistas que se han respetado en los Acuerdos de Paz de Dayton, según el cual Bosnia y Herzegovina ha quedado dividida en dos Entidades, una de etnia serbia, y otra de mayoría de etnia bosnia y croata, suponen un impedimento absoluto tanto en el avance de la cultura como en la misma preservación de la misma. Afirmando los Acuerdos de Paz de Dayton que los ciudadanos de Bosnia y Herzegovina forman tres pueblos constituyentes, y dejando el gobierno de las instituciones culturales a las Entidades, divididas según las etnias mayoritarias de las respectivas zonas, la cultura en Bosnia y Herzegovina depende de acuerdos entre las tres divisiones étnicas del país, cuyos desacuerdos fueron el origen del último conflicto. Sobre este contexto político, el caso particular de Alija Kucukalic se ve en una suerte de ostracismo, en tanto que es un artista al que no se puede adscribir a ninguna de las ideologías políticas vigentes en el país, sino que su obra representa a todo el pueblo bosnio por igual. Este hecho favorece el progresivo deterioro de su obra, que hasta la realización de esta tesis doctoral estaba totalmente olvidada por parte de las instituciones de Bosnia y Herzegovina. En concreto, Alija Kucukalic fue asesinado durante la guerra como parte de la estrategia de elitocidio que constaba en el asesinato individual y en masas de las élites intelectuales de Bosnia y Herzegovina, su obra fue robada y destruida durante la guerra, su atelier del escultor invadido, y en la actualidad, el vacío legal que dejaron los Acuerdos de Paz de Dayton sobre el cuidado del patrimonio cultural ha provocado que el vandalismo se apodere de la obra pública de Alija Kucukalic. Como solución a este problema, se ha demostrado con la presente tesis doctoral que es necesario llevar a cabo acciones de salvaguardia del legado cultural y artístico de Alija Kucukalic , mediante la justificación de que con su obra Bosnia y Herzegovina adquirió renombre artístico internacional y de que con su labor pedagógica como profesor de escultura en la Academia (Facultad) de Bellas Artes de Sarajevo, de la que fue fundador, la tradición artística del país renació y sigue creciendo. Esta justificación se ha reforzado con el mencionado conjunto completo de actividades prácticas, que han tenido como resultados más importantes la apertura de la Fundación Atelier Memorial Alija Kucukalic, unida a la recuperación del atelier del escultor y a la primera exposición póstuma de su obra, y el inicio del proyecto de restauración de la obra de Alija Kucukalic, que ha comenzado con la restauración del parque memorial Vra
[CA] La present tesi doctoral sorgeix com a resposta a la problemàtica de la destrucció de la memòria històrica de Bòsnia i Hercegovina, començada amb la guerra de 1992 i institucionalitzada en la legislació dels Acords de Pau de Dayton. S'exposen les causes històriques d'aquesta destrucció i les seues conseqüències, tant les més immediates, és a dir, la destrucció física del patrimoni del país, com les més romanents, això és, la descripció de la història segons les aspiracions ètnic-nacionalistes que van causar el conflicte. Sobre aquests fets, s'ha fet un estudi doble: d'una banda, una recerca històrica fins a l'actualitat sobre l'escultura de Bòsnia i Hercegovina, de la qual la figura d'Alija Kucukalic destaca com a màxim exponent i com a prova que la tradició escultòrica de Bòsnia i Hercegovina té una evolució clara cap a la modernitat; de l'altra, un conjunt de propostes pràctiques que permeten divulgar l'obra artística i el llegat cultural de l'escultor Alija Kucukalic, per tal d'exposar la importància que va tindre el seu treball, tant escultòric com pedagògic, per al desenvolupament artístic de Bòsnia i Hercegovina. Concretament, la revisió política i històrica de Bòsnia i Hercegovina realitzada en aquesta investigació mostra que les ideologies ètnic-nacionalistes que s'han respectat en els Acords de Pau de Dayton, segons els quals el país ha quedat dividit en dues Entitats, una d'ètnia sèrbia, i una altra d'ètnia bosniana i croata, suposen un impediment absolut tant en l'avanç de la cultura com en la mateixa preservació d'aquesta. Afirmant els Acords de Pau de Dayton que els ciutadans de Bòsnia i Hercegovina formen tres pobles constituents, i cedint el govern de les institucions culturals a les entitats, dividides segons les ètnies majoritàries de les respectives zones, la cultura a Bòsnia i Hercegovina depèn d'acords entre les tres divisions ètniques del país, els desacords dels quals van ser l'origen de l'últim conflicte. En aquest context polític, el cas particular d'Alija Kucukalic es veu en una mena d'ostracisme, en tant que és un artista a qui no es pot adscriure a cap de les ideologies polítiques vigents al país, sinó que la seua obra afirma a tot el poble bosnià per igual. Aquest fet afavoreix la progressiva deterioració de la seua obra, que fins a la realització d'aquesta tesi estava totalment oblidada per part de les institucions de Bòsnia i Hercegovina. En concret, Alija Kucukalic va ser assassinat durant la guerra com a part de l'estratègia d'elitocidi que constava en l'assassinat individual i en masses de les elits intel·lectuals de Bòsnia i Hercegovina, la seua obra va ser robada i destruïda durant la guerra; el seu atelier de l'escultor, envaït; i en l'actualitat, el buit legal que van deixar els Acords de Pau de Dayton sobre la cura del patrimoni cultural ha provocat que el vandalisme s'apoderi de l'obra pública d'Alija Kucukalic. Com a solució a aquest problema, s'ha demostrat amb la present tesi doctoral que cal dur a terme accions de salvaguarda del llegat cultural i artístic d'Alija Kucukalic, mitjançant la justificació que amb la seua obra Bòsnia i Hercegovina va adquirir renom artístic internacional i que amb el seu trevall pedagògic com a professor d'escultura a l'Acadèmia de Belles Arts de Sarajevo, de la qual va ser fundador, la tradició artística del país va renéixer i segueix creixent. Aquesta justificació s'ha reforçat amb l'esmentat conjunt complet d'activitats pràctiques, que han tingut com a resultats més importants l'obertura de la Fundació Atelier Memorial Alija Kucukalic, unida a la recuperació de l'atelier de l'escultor i a la primera exposició pòstuma de la seua obra, i el inici del projecte de restauració de l'obra d'Alija Kucukalic, que ha començat amb la restauració de parc memorial Vraca, a Sarajevo, símbol d'unió nacional contra el feixisme.
[EN] The following doctoral thesis arises as a response to the problem of the destruction of the historical memory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which began with the war of 1992 and got institutionalized in the legislation of the Dayton Peace Agreement. The historical causes of this destruction and its consequences are exposed, both the most immediate, namely, the physical destruction of the country's heritage, and the most remaining: the description of history according to the ethno-nationalist aspirations that caused the conflict. On these facts, a double study has been made: on the one hand, a historical research to date on the sculpture of Bosnia and Herzegovina, of which Alija Kucukalic stands out as the greatest exponent in the second half of the 20th century and as a proof that the sculptural tradition of Bosnia and Herzegovina has a clear evolution towards modernity; on the other hand, a set of practical proposals that made possible the dissemination of the artistic work and cultural legacy of the sculptor Alija Kucukalic, in order to expose the importance that his sculptural and pedagogical work had for the artistic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In particular, the political and historical review of Bosnia and Herzegovina carried out in this research shows that the ethno-nationalist ideologies respected in the Dayton Peace Agreement, according to which the country has been divided into two Entities, one of Serbian ethnicity and another of Bosnian and Croatian ethnic groups, represent an absolute impediment both in the advancement of culture and in its preservation. By affirming the Dayton Peace Agreement that the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina form three constituent peoples and handing over the control of cultural Institutions to the Entities, which are divided according to the ethnic groups of their respective areas, culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina depends on agreements between the three ethnic divisions of the country, whose disagreements originated the last conflict. Within this political context, the case of AlijaKucukalic is found in a kind of ostracism, being he an artist who cannot be related to any of the political ideologies in force in the country, but whose work rather affirms the whole Bosnian people alike. This fact favors the progressive deterioration of his artworks, which until the completion of this thesis was totally forgotten by the Institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Specifically, Alija Kucukalic was assassinated at the beginning of the siege of Sarajevo as part of the elitocide strategy that consisted of the individual and mass murder of Bosnian intellectual elites; his work was stolen and destroyed during the war; his atelier, invaded; and at present the legal loophole left by the Dayton Peace Agreement on the care of cultural heritage has caused vandalism to seize his public work. As a solution to this problem, it is shown the need to carry out actions to safeguard the cultural and artistic legacy of Alija Kucukalic, by justifying that with his work Bosnia and Herzegovina acquired international artistic renown and that with his pedagogical work as a Professor of Sculpture at the Sarajevo Academy of Fine Arts, of which he was a founder, the country's artistic tradition was reborn and continues to grow. This justification has been reinforced with the aforementioned practical work, whose most important results are the legal constitution and registration of a cultural entity in the form of the Atelier Memorial Alija Kucukalic Foundation, joined to the recovery of the sculptor's atelier and the first posthumous exhibition of his work, everything focused on the lasting safeguarding of the memory of the sculptor Alija Kucukalic and his work, as well as on the protection of his works and his copyright; and the start of the restoration project of the artwork of Alija Kucukalic, which has begun with the restoration of the Vraca memorial park in Sarajevo, symbol of national union against fascism.
Kucukalic Ibrahimovic, L. (2021). Alija Kucukalic: El legado de uno de los clásicos de la escultura moderna de Bosnia y Herzegovina [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171587
TESIS

This thesis is an ethnographic investigation of living Naqshbandi Sufi practitioners in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its epistemology presumes that a nuanced understanding of Islam that recognises complex realities and contradictory perspectives requires an examination of its embodied form. As a result, this research project engaged in a localised analysis of Sufi Muslims by evaluating experiences and practices from their point of view. Following this strategy, two specific communities led by different Shaikhs were identified. Although each Shaikh claimed a shared Naqshbandi origin and was located in a similar traditional, cultural, linguistic and historic milieu, there were considerable manifest dissimilarities ranging from theology, ritual practices and levels of social involvement. In light of the historic evolution of the Shaikh's institutionally established authority in Sufism, this empirical contrast suggested that universal norms, theoretical constructs and traditional principles within a common Bosnian Naqshbandi framework were ultimately subservient to the Shaikh. This thesis argues that while operating within doctrinal continuity and a broadly defined, normative framework, each Shaikh remained free to engender legitimate adaptations that shaped the contours of religious belief and contextualised its application within a contemporary setting. Ultimately, his agency accounted for the notable diversity encountered in the field. The present study thereby underlines the inherent malleability of Sufism and advances the recognition of the Shaikh's cardinal importance. Primarily it adds to empirical studies of Islam through an ethnographic approach that focuses on the role of the Shaikh in Sufism in general and the Naqshbandi in particular.

La thèse doctorale « De Vienne à Sarajevo, modèles et répliques; architecture de la période austro- hongroise » offre un aperçu chronologique et historique du développement de l’architecture en Bosnie- Herzégovine, en se focalisant sur la période austro-hongroise à Sarajevo. La monarchie austro-hongroise occupa la Bosnie-Herzégovine à partir de 1878 et opéra alors une transformation complète du pays durant une période de quarante ans. Sarajevo, comme la plupart des autres villes de Bosnie-Herzégovine, initialement orientale, s’est muée en ville occidentale, sous l’influence des centres de la monarchie. Les édifices construits sur la Ringstrasse de Vienne ont fait office de modèles pour les répliques bâties à Sarajevo. Les circonstances politiques spécifiques de la Bosnie-Herzégovine durant la période austro-hongroise furent influencées par la relation entre le centre et la périphérie. La thèse doctorale compare et met en valeur des exemples concrets d’édifices construits dans les néo-styles et style sécession à Vienne et Sarajevo, dans les contextes de l’identité, du Genius Loci, et de la relation entre le centre et la périphérie. Le patrimoine culturel et historique bosnien, en particulier l’héritage architectural de Sarajevo datant de la période austro-hongroise, est également replacé dans un contexte européen plus large. La cartographie et la valorisation d’exemples architecturaux concrets ont mis en évidence de nombreuses similitudes proportionnelles et stylistiques, mais aussi les différences essentielles existant dans la perception des modèles et des répliques dans le cadre du Genius Loci, ce dernier constituant un facteur clé dans la comparaison des exemples sélectionnés
Doctoral dissertation From Vienna to Sarajevo, role models and replicas in the architecture of Austro- Hungarian period brings a chronological and historical overview of the development of the architecture in Bosnia and Herzegovina with an emphasis on the Austro-Hungarian period in Sarajevo. The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 and made a full transformation of the country during a period of 40 years. Sarajevo, like most other Bosnian and Herzegovinian towns, has been transformed from the Oriental to a Western European city under the influence of the centers of Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The buildings built on the Vienna’s Ringstrasse served as role models for the replicas built in Sarajevo. The specific political circumstances in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Austro-Hungarian period were influenced by the relationship between the center and the periphery. The doctoral dissertation compares and valorizes concrete examples of buildings built in Neo-styles and Secession in Vienna and Sarajevo in the context of identity, Genius loci and the relationship between the center and the periphery. In this way, the Bosnian- Herzegovinian cultural and historical heritage, primarily the architectural heritage of Sarajevo from the Austro-Hungarian period, is placed in a wider European context. Mapping and valorization of concrete examples of architecture showed numerous proportional and stylistic similarities, but also the essential differences in the perception of patterns and replicas in the context of Genius loci, which is shown as a key factor in the comparison of the selected examples
Doktorska disertacija "Od Beča do Sarajeva, uzori i replike u arhitekturi austrougarskog perioda" donosi hronološki i istorijski pregled razvoja arhitekture u Bosni i Hercegovini sa naglaskom na austrougarski period u Sarajevu. Austro-Ugarska monarhija okupirala je Bosnu i Hercegovinu 1878. godine, a u narednih 40 godina izvršila je potpunu transformaciju zemlje. Sarajevo, kao i većina drugih gradova u Bosni i Hercegovini je pod uticajem centara Austro-Ugarske monarhije potpuno transformisano iz orijentalnog u zapadnoevropski grad. Arhitektonski objekti građeni u bečkom Ringstrasse-u poslužili su kao uzori za arhitektonske objekte - njihove replike, građene u Sarajevu. Specifične političke prilike u Bosni i Hercegovini u austrougarskom periodu bile su uslovljene odnosnom centra i periferije. Ova doktorska disertacija poredi i valorizuje konkretne primjere arhitektonskih objekata izgrađenih u neo-stilovima i secesiji u Beču i Sarajevu u kontekstu identiteta, duha mjesta i odnosa između centra i periferije. Na taj način kulturno-istorijsko naslijeđe u Bosni i Hercegovini je smješteno u širi evropski kontekst. Mapiranje i valorizacija konkretnih arhitektonskih primjera pokazali su brojne sličnosti u proporcijama i stilskoj artikulaciji, ali i suštinske razlike u percepciji uzora i replika u kontekstu duha mjesta koji predstavlja važan faktor u komparaciji odabranih primjera

Electronic (E)-learning is a type of learning by using electronic technologies to access an educational program outside traditional classrooms increasingly demanded by many education systems. As conventional classrooms continue to be transformed into digital, teachers are expected to adopt multiple learning modes. Digitally enriched content and personalized learning should be the primary way of teaching and collaborative and interactive learning. Contrary to the continuous development of technology and students who regularly encounter computers from an early age, teachers do not have the privilege to introduce technology into the classroom successfully. The paper presents how the lack of funds influences a teacher’s readiness to embrace technology into their teaching practice. The paper explores E-learning issues related to virtual environment reality and artificial intelligence that is increasingly entering the classrooms of developed countries and ‘what application of artificial intelligence means for the development and broader implementation of E-learning in virtual classrooms in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The primary method of collecting data was through an open question survey distributed to students in different parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For research purposes, schools were chosen based on how often their students have access to computers or the Internet. Four schools from urban and four schools from rural areas were chosen, and questionaries’ were delivered directly to students by the researcher. The research aims to examine students’ views on the benefits online education has in the educational process in Sarajevo and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The survey provides an analysis of the potentials for implementation of the e-learning model in secondary schools in Sarajevo Canton and the rest of the country. The paper presents the advantages and opportunities that contribute to the improvement of e-learning in educational institutions and the benefits for students and other involved parties in the educational process, such as teachers and parents. Students enrolled in this research have a highly positive attitude towards e-learning, which leads to the conclusion that students are willing to learn using I.T. solutions in the classroom.

Twenty years after the war (1992-1995) in Bosnia and Herzegovina the country is still very fragile, dysfunctional and continues to face numerous political and socio-economic challenges. Ethnically fragmented and exclusivist approaches to education in Bosnia and Herzegovina are anathema to the development of critical thinking and analytical skills necessary to open young minds, reduce intolerance and question the ethnic status quo narrative (Perry, 2015). This paper will try to present a good example of academic and social successes achieved with students who are attending an English language teacher education program at the University of Sarajevo in the context of challenging teaching and learning environments. The paper will explore the possibilities and challenges for using a critical pedagogy framework and intercultural approach to foreign language education in pre-service teacher education courses that emphasizes reflection, critical thinking, empathy, multiperspectivity along with other aspects of intercultural communicative competences which are integrated in this course.

The year 1993 never got close to a peaceful settlement of the Balkans conflict despite the United Nations, European, and American attempts to achieve one. The siege of Sarajevo had begun in 1992 immediately after the declaration of independence of Bosnia-Herzegovina. By the end of 1993, a military stalemate persisted in Bosnia as the diplomatic challenge limped along. President Bill Clinton’s cabinet of national security leaders—the Principals Committee—gathered in the Situation Room for the first time on January 28, 1993, and dealt exclusively with the situation in Bosnia. In April 1993, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations Madeleine Albright, delivered a memorandum to the national security adviser recommending use of American air power. The recommendation failed to attract sufficient support, and further diplomatic efforts to end the war also failed. “Assertive multilateralism” took a beating in Situation Room discussions as 1993 wore on.