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Academic literature on the topic 'Osmium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Osmium"

1

Koga, Hironori, Takao Tsukiboshi, and Tsutomu Uematsu. "Application of an osmium-maceration technique to observe plant–microbe interfaces of Italian ryegrass and crown rust fungi by scanning electron microscopy." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 2 (1992): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-057.

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The osmium-maceration technique (osmium–DMSO–osmium method) was used to observe intracellular structures of Italian ryegrass leaves infected with crown rust fungus (Puccinia coronata Corda var. coronata) by scanning electron microscopy. Prolonged maceration with dilute osmium removed the cytoplasmic matrix, and intracellular structures were disclosed in a bold relief. The three-dimensional configuration of nuclei, mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, and other structures of host and parasite cells were visible. Key words: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), osmic maceration, intracellular structure, Puccinia coronata, Italian ryegrass.

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2

Yang, Yunfei, Junhao Sun, Wei Liu, et al. "Study on the Densification of Osmium by Experiment and First Principle Calculations." Materials 15, no. 22 (2022): 8011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228011.

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The sintering of osmium is critical for the preparation of raw material targets for film coating, which is the main application area of osmium. In order to get a better understanding of the intrinsic mechanism of densification of osmium, a serial study on the sintering behavior of osmium has been made in this study. By the master sintering curve (MSC) and constant heating rate (CHR) method, the sintering activation energy of nanosized osmium is evaluated to be about 340 kJ/mol, which is higher than most other metals. The density–functional theory calculation indicates the higher energy barrier of the surface atom and vacancy migration and lacking migration tunnel of inner point vacancies. For example, the diffusion of osmium atoms on the surface of particles is mainly limited by Os (1010), which has an energy barrier as high as 1.14 eV, that is higher than the W atom on W (110) of 0.99 eV. The vacancy migration energy barrier inside osmium’s grains is higher than 3.0 eV, while that of W is only 1.7 eV. This means that it is more difficult for osmium to achieve a high density compared with W, which is consistent with the experimental results. Accordingly, the proposed strategy provides a new opportunity to design a sintering process for target fabrication with excellent properties for various applications.

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SHOTT, IAN. "OSMIUM." Chemical & Engineering News 81, no. 36 (2003): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n036.p146.

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4

Seddon, E. "Osmium." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 67, no. 1 (1985): 243–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(85)85015-3.

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Constable, Edwin C., and Catherine E. Housecroft. "Osmium." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 124, no. 1-2 (1993): 183–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(93)80007-r.

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Ward, Michael D. "Osmium." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 127, no. 1-2 (1993): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(93)80053-8.

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7

Heidari, Alireza, Margaret Hotz, Nancy MacDonald, et al. "A new strategy to destroy cancer cells using osmium dioxide (OsO2) and osmium tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations." International Journal of Advanced Chemistry 9, no. 2 (2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v9i2.31657.

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In the current research, a new strategy to destroy cancer cells using Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) a new strategy to destroy cancer cells using Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using sol–gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drude–Lorentz model for parametric di–electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenberg–Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results. A new strategy to destroy cancer cells using Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations

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Alireza, Heidari, Hotz Margaret, MacDonald Nancy, et al. "Catalytic Effectiveness of Synchrotron and Synchrocyclotron Radiations on Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) Nano Capsules Delivery in DNA/RNA of Cancer Cells." Instant Journal of Hematology and Oncology 3, no. 1 (2021): 195–238. https://doi.org/10.36811/ijho.2021.110014.

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In the current research, catalytic effectiveness of synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations on Osmium Dioxide (OsO<sub>2</sub>) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO<sub>4</sub>) nano capsules delivery in DNA/RNA of cancer cells is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Osmium Dioxide (OsO<sub>2</sub>) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO<sub>4</sub>) catalytic effectiveness of synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations on Osmium Dioxide (OsO<sub>2</sub>) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO<sub>4</sub>) nano capsules delivery in DNA/RNA of cancer cells produced using sol-gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drudge-Lorentz model for parametric di–electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Levenberg-Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Catalytic Effectiveness; Synchrotron and Synchrocyclotron Radiations; Osmium Dioxide (OsO<sub>2</sub>) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO<sub>4</sub>) Nano Capsules; Delivery; DNA/RNA; Cancer Cells https://www.raftpubs.com/ijho-hematology-and-oncology/articles/ijho_raft1014.php

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Albu, Paul Constantin, Andreea Ferencz (Dinu), Hussam Nadum Abdalraheem Al-Ani, et al. "Osmium Recovery as Membrane Nanomaterials through 10–Undecenoic Acid Reduction Method." Membranes 12, no. 1 (2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12010051.

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The recovery of osmium from residual osmium tetroxide (OsO4) is a necessity imposed by its high toxicity, but also by the technical-economic value of metallic osmium. An elegant and extremely useful method is the recovery of osmium as a membrane catalytic material, in the form of nanoparticles obtained on a polymeric support. The subject of the present study is the realization of a composite membrane in which the polymeric matrix is the polypropylene hollow fiber, and the active component consists of the osmium nanoparticles obtained by reducing an alcoholic solution of osmium tetroxides directly on the polymeric support. The method of reducing osmium tetroxide on the polymeric support is based on the use of 10-undecenoic acid (10–undecylenic acid) (UDA) as a reducing agent. The osmium tetroxide was solubilized in t–butanol and the reducing agent, 10–undecenoic acid (UDA), in i–propanol, t–butanol or n–decanol solution. The membranes containing osmium nanoparticles (Os–NP) were characterized morphologically by the following: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution SEM (HR–SEM), structurally: energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDAX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In terms of process performance, thermal gravimetric analysis was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (TGA, DSC) and in a redox reaction of an organic marker, p–nitrophenol (PNP) to p–aminophenol (PAP). The catalytic reduction reaction with sodium tetraborate solution of PNP to PAP yielded a constant catalytic rate between 2.04 × 10−4 mmol s−1 and 8.05 × 10−4 mmol s−1.

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Snow, J. E. "Recycling Osmium." Science 272, no. 5263 (1996): 825–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.272.5263.825.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Osmium"

1

Lee, Yui-bing, and 李蕊冰. "The chemistry of osmium-silver and osmium-iridium mixed-metalclusters." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40987632.

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Lee, Yui-bing. "The chemistry of osmium-silver and osmium-iridium mixed-metal clusters." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40987632.

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Rijt, Sabine H. van. "Osmium arene anticancer complexes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3213/.

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Drawbacks associated with anticancer chemotherapeutic cisplatin include tumour drug resistance, non-effectiveness against all tumours and lack of tumour-specificity resulting in severe side-effects (e.g. nausea, hair loss and kidney toxicity). The use of other metals such as transition metals rutheniumandosmium, may address the problems associated with platinum drugs and have received increased interest over the years. In this thesis the biological activity and aqueous solution chemistry of half-sandwichosmium (II) compounds of the type [(arene)OsII(X)(YZ)] n+ is explored. Chelating ligands containing nitrogen or nitrogen and oxygen donor atoms (N, NandN, O-chelatingligands) are investigated. It is shown that the chelating ligand has a large effect on the aqueous reactivity of the complexes. The introduction of functional groups on the chelate allowed for the ‘fine-tuning’ of the aqueous reactivity and nucleobase binding of the complexes. Also the nature of the coordinating arene was found to have an important effect on their biological activity. This could be rationalised by increased hydrophobicity with more extended arenes such as biphenylandtetrahydroanthracene, resulting in increased cellular uptake and increased cytotoxicity. Conjugating cell penetrating peptides to the complexes resulted in improved biological properties and opened a new way for functionalisation of the compounds. Several compounds reported in this thesis exhibit promising activity in the ovarian, colon and lung cancer cell lines and some could overcome cisplatin resistance in ovarian cisplatin resistant cell lines. Initial studies revealed cell death via apoptosis and the possible involvement of mitochondria in the apoptotic pathway. These results point to a novel pathway of activation for these complexes which is advantageous for addressing chemoresistance and effectiveness to oher types of cancers. This work shows that the biological properties of these compounds can be tuned by choice of ligands and also provides initial evidence for a novel pathway of activation.

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Black, Steven J. "Reactions of osmium clusters." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14084.

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Previous studies of the ligand properties of primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines on metal monomers have been carried out. These studies investigated the properties of the phosphines in terms of the effects of their basicity and Tolman's cone angle on the metal substrate. The reactions of [Os<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>10</SUB>(MeCN)<SUB>2</SUB>] with a series of primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines (PR<SUB>x</SUB>H<SUB>3-x</SUB>) where R = Me, Et, i-Pr, Ph, were studied by variable temperature <SUP>31</SUP>P{<SUP>1</SUP>H}, and <SUP>31</SUP>P nmr. The reactions were monitored by nmr firstly after 24 hours at ambient temperature, the tubes were then heated to 60°C for 1 hour and the products studied by nmr, ir and mass spectroscopy. The products present included <I>mono</I> and disubstituted clusters. Also identified were inter- and intramolecular phosphinidene bridged species. The cluster bound products were initially identified on the basis of the <SUP>1</SUP>J<SUB>PH</SUB> coupling constants - approximately 400H<SUB>z</SUB> as opposed to approximately 200H<SUB>z</SUB> for the free phosphines. Stability studies were carried out on the triosmium benzene cluster system [Os<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>9</SUB>(η<SUP>2</SUP>η<SUP>2</SUP>η<SUP>2</SUP>C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>6</SUB>)]. The cluster was reacted with a series of tertiary phosphines initially with heating and later uv irradiation to attempt to displace the benzene ligand. The ligand has proven to be strongly bound to the cluster as there was no displacement observed, though CO displacement occurs affording <I>mono-, bis-</I> and <I>tris-</I>phosphine cluster derivatives. The benzene ligand attached to the cluster also proved resistant to displacement <I>via</I> high vacuum pyrolysis. Study of the mechanism for the thermal conversion of the raft cluster [Os<SUB>6</SUB>(CO)<SUB>21</SUB>] with the species [Os<SUB>6</SUB>(CO)<SUB>18</SUB>] under vacuum has been carried out <I>via </I>pressure monitoring, showing the loss of CO to be a stepwise process. During this reaction the formation of a novel ketenylidene species, [Os<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>11</SUB>CCO] has been observed. This species has been characterised by high resolution FAB mass spectroscopy.

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Gosby, Katherine M. P. "Osmium mediated formation of heterocycles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496899.

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Drake, S. R. "High nuclearity clusters of osmium." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233876.

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The work described in this Thesis is a study of the synthesis and reactivity of some giant osmium carbonyl clusters and an investigation into their magnetic and electronic properties. Chapter One contains an overview of the concept of the chemical bond from Dalton to the present day ideas of Wade and Mingos, and their application to transition meial clusters. Chapter Two is an investigation into the fluxional and dynamic behaviour of mixed-metal clusters in solution using multinuclear N.M.R. (lH,iaC, and 3lP{1H}). The clusters [Os10C(CO)24MPR3]-(M = Cu, Ag or Au) and [Os1oC(CO)24(MPR3)(M>PR3)] (M = M'= Ag or Au, and M 5* M' Ag and Au) have been examined using these techniques. Chapter Three reports the synthesis of the dianion [Os11C(CO)27]2~, a cluster containing a trigonal prismatic geometry and its reaction with elec-trophiles such as H+, I2, [Cu(NCMe)4]PF6, AuPR3Cl and AgBF4. THe X-ray structure of [HOsnC(CO)27]~ is described, and the conversion of [OSllC(CO)27]2- to [Os10C(CO)24]2-. Chapter Four is concerned with the synthesis of giant osmium clusters using [Os10C(CO)24]2"~ as a precursor and reacting it with Hg(CF3COO)2 to form [Os20Hg(C)2(CO)42]2-, [Os30Hg2(C)3(CO)72]2-and [Os40Hg3(C)4(CO)oe] • The corresponding gold derivatives, [Os10C(CO)24AuBr]- and [Os20Au(C)2(CO)40]2~ have also been prepared and fully characterised by X-ray crystallography. Chapter Five describes the use of l87Os-1H satellites and Inversion-Recovery 1H n.m.r. as aids in the study of the dynamic behaviour of hydrido osmium carbonyl clusters in solution. In particular the work has focussed on differentiating between hydride ligands in tetrahedral or octahedral interstitial sites. The improved synthesis of [H4Osio(CO)24]3~ is reported and its reactions with electrophiles are discussed. The dianion reacts with H+ to form [H5Os10(CO)24]~ which has been characterised by an X-ray structural determination. Chapter Six presents UV/visible, magnetic and EPR measurements on a range of osmium carbonyl clusters prepared in Chapters Two to Five. A molecular orbital framework for understanding these results is presented. Finally Chapter Seven contains the experimental section and spectroscopic data.

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Cromhout, Natalie Lyn. "Aspects of osmium cluster chemistry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627307.

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Fu, Ying. "Organometallic osmium arene anticancer complexes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/52695/.

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The interest in the development of anticancer metal complexes for cancer therapy is growing spurred by the encouraging successful stories of platinum drugs. Osmium arene chlorido complexes had been found to show anticancer activity in vitro. In this thesis, the osmium arene iodido complexes were mainly explored and investigated. It is found that iodido OsII arene complexes with a general structure: [Os(η6- arene)(XY)I]PF6 (XY = p-hydroxy or p-dimethylamino phenylazopyridine, arene = p-cymene or biphenyl) are potently cytotoxic at nanomolar concentrations toward a panel of human cancer cell lines. In contrast to the chlorido osmium arene anticancer complexes, the iodido complexes are stable and inert toward aquation. More than thirty half sandwich azopyridine OsII arene complexes [Os(η6- arene)(azopyridine)X]+ (where X is chloride or iodide, the arene is p-cymene or biphenyl and the pyridine ring of azopyridine ligand bearing a variety of substituents) were synthesized and characterized. A preliminary structure activity relationships (SARs) were built up based on the anticancer activity towards A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line. In general, the introduction of an electronwithdrawing group (e.g. F, Cl, Br or I) at specific positions on the pyridine ring significantly increases cytotoxic activity and aqueous solubility. Changing the arene from p-cymene to biphenyl or the monodentate ligand (X) from chloride to iodide resulted in a significant increase in the anticancer activity. Studies in A2780 human ovarian cancer cells suggested that cellular uptake and targeting to cellular organelles play important roles in determining the anticancer activity. According to the 60 cancer cell lines screening results from National Cancer Institute (NCI), the anticancer activity achieved by the most potent OsII arene azopyridine complex is 100 times more than cisplatin; 1000 times activity was found in some cell lines. The mechanism of action may involve the inhibition of tubulin polymerization. One iodido osmium complex was selected for anticancer efficiency evaluation in vivo: [Os(η6-p-cym)(Azpy-NMe2)I]PF6 (FY026). This complex delayed the growth of HCT116 human colon cancer xenografts in mice, with negligible toxicity. It is the first example of in vivo antitumour activity for an organometallic osmium arene complex. Its activity appears to involve redox mechanisms. Its potency towards A2780 ovarian and A549 lung cancer cells is increased significantly when used in combination with L-buthionine-sulfoximine (L-BSO) indicating that L-BSO can be a good candidate for combination therapy treatment with iodido osmium complexes. Further study on the bioisosteres of FY026 was carried out by changing the azo bond (N=N) to imine bond (CH=N). Sixteen osmium arene iminopyridine complexes were synthesized, well characterized and showed good anticancer activity. Different structure-activity relationships comparing iminopyridine complexes with azopyridine complexes were identified which suggested a different anticancer mechanism. In contrast to FY026, [Os(η6-p-cym)(Impy- NMe2)I]PF6 (6) and [Os(η6-p-cym)(Impy-NMe2)Cl]PF6 (14) were found to undergo hydrolysis and the binding was observed between their hydrolyzed product (14A) and 9-ethylguanine. Moreover, a hydride transfer from NADH to form an osmium hydride intermediate which is involved in a catalytic process resulting in the formation of NAD+ was discovered. This process might be involved in the anticancer mechanism of action. A dual mechanism of action was proposed based in the interaction of these compounds with DNA nucleobase and catalytic oxidation of NADH.

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Lindsay-Scott, Peter J. "New osmium-catalysed routes to heterocycles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509979.

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Birri, Anthony. "Thiopene complexes of ruthenium and osmium." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394242.

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Books on the topic "Osmium"

1

Knox, G. R., ed. Organometallic Compounds of Ruthenium and Osmium. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5429-5.

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R, Knox G., ed. Organometallic compounds of ruthenium and osmium. Chapman and Hall, 1985.

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1934-, Knox G. R., ed. Organometallic compounds of ruthenium and osmium. Chapman and Hall, 1985.

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L, Jones Clifton, and Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (Las Vegas, Nev.), eds. A single-laboratory evaluation of osmium analytical methods: Project summary. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.

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L, Jones Clifton, and Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (Las Vegas, Nev.), eds. A single-laboratory evaluation of osmium analytical methods: Project summary. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.

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L, Jones Clifton, and Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (Las Vegas, Nev.), eds. A single-laboratory evaluation of osmium analytical methods: Project summary. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1989.

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Sartori, Clemens. Darstellung und Charakterisierung von Trans-Dioxo-Komplexen von Osmium (VI). [s.n.], 1987.

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Rehbehn, Stephan. Darstellung, spektroskopische Charakterisierung, Kristallstrukturbestimmung und Normalkoordinatenanalyse neuer bindungsisomerer Halogenoselenocyanatokomplexe von Osmium(IV). [s.n.], 1997.

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Bartucz, Tanya Yolande. The chemistry of some hydride and dihydrogen complexes of rhenium and osmium. National Library of Canada, 1996.

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Kramer, Tobias. Darstellung, Charakterisierung und reaktives Verhalten von Dihalogenotetrakis (trifluorphosphan)osmium(II)-Komplexen [Dihalogenotetrakis- trifluorphosphan-osmium-Komplexen] sowie Versuche zur Reindarstellung von Dekakis(trifluorphosphan)dirhenium(0) [Dekakis-trifluorphosphan-dirhenium]. [s.n.], 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Osmium"

1

Kurtz, Wolfgang, and Hans Vanecek. "Osmium." In W Tungsten. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08690-2_32.

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Walker, Richard J. "Osmium." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_127-1.

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Turova, Nataliya. "Osmium." In Inorganic Chemistry in Tables. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20487-6_39.

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Brookins, Douglas G. "Osmium." In Eh-pH Diagrams for Geochemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73093-1_36.

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Shabalin, Igor L. "Osmium." In Ultra-High Temperature Materials I. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7587-9_5.

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Knox, G. R. "Os Osmium." In Organometallic Compounds of Ruthenium and Osmium. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5429-5_1.

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Macintyre, J. E. "Os Osmium." In Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6847-6_36.

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Ross, Robert B. "Osmium Os." In Metallic Materials Specification Handbook. Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3482-2_30.

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MacIntyre, Jane E. "Os Osmium." In Dictionary of Organometallic Compounds. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6848-7_39.

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Nagy, Zoltán. "Os—Osmium." In Electrochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0545-1_46.

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Conference papers on the topic "Osmium"

1

"The Preparation and Characterisation of Osmium(IV), Osmium(II) and Osmium(0) Complexes from Refinery Materials." In International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Advanced Computational Technologies. International Institute of Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iie.e1114015.

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Fremont, Georges, Yvette Ngono-Ravache, Christelle Schmitt, and Christelle Stodel. "Preparation of osmium targets with carbon backing." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 28TH WORLD CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR TARGET DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY (INTDS2016). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5035519.

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Carlson, Brenden, Gregory D. Phelan, Xuezhong Jiang, Werner Kaminsky, Alex K. Y. Jen, and Larry R. Dalton. "Organic light emitting devices based upon divalent osmium complexes: Part 1: design, synthesis, and characterization of osmium complexes." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Zakya H. Kafafi and Homer Antoniadis. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.451877.

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Carlson, Brenden, Xuezhong Jiang, Alex K. Y. Jen, and Larry R. Dalton. "Organic light-emitting devices based upon divalent osmium complexes: II. Design, fabrication, and characterization of osmium nanoscale devices." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Guozhong Cao and Wiley P. Kirk. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.453782.

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Ciampi, Simone, Leo M. H. Lai, and J. Justin Gooding. "Silicon (100) surfaces modified by osmium bipyridine complexes." In 2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconn.2010.6045234.

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Abisheva, Z., A. Zagorodnyaya, E. Bochevskaya, and T. Bukurov. "Radiogenic osmium recovery during rhenium extraction from sulfate solutions." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-92.

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Sarwan, Madhu, Abdul Shukoor V., Ritu Dubey, and Sadhna Singh. "High pressure structural phase transition of osmium nitride (OsN)." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS 2014 (ICCMP 2014). AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4915468.

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Swartzentruber, Phillip D., Wen-Chung Li, Thomas J. Balk, and Scott Roberts. "6.2: Optimizing osmium-ruthenium films to inhibit tungsten interdiffusion." In 2010 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivelec.2010.5503598.

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Cheng, Cheng, Ji Li, and Zhiqiang Yu. "Barium evaporation and film degradation of osmium-coated cathode." In 2014 Tenth International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference (IVESC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivesc.2014.6892114.

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Acharya, Nikita, Harsha Pawar, and Sankar P. Sanyal. "Structural phase transition, electronic and thermoelectric properties of osmium silicide." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0017634.

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Reports on the topic "Osmium"

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Delwiche, Michael, Boaz Zion, Robert BonDurant, Judith Rishpon, Ephraim Maltz, and Miriam Rosenberg. Biosensors for On-Line Measurement of Reproductive Hormones and Milk Proteins to Improve Dairy Herd Management. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7573998.bard.

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The original objectives of this research project were to: (1) develop immunoassays, photometric sensors, and electrochemical sensors for real-time measurement of progesterone and estradiol in milk, (2) develop biosensors for measurement of caseins in milk, and (3) integrate and adapt these sensor technologies to create an automated electronic sensing system for operation in dairy parlors during milking. The overall direction of research was not changed, although the work was expanded to include other milk components such as urea and lactose. A second generation biosensor for on-line measurement of bovine progesterone was designed and tested. Anti-progesterone antibody was coated on small disks of nitrocellulose membrane, which were inserted in the reaction chamber prior to testing, and a real-time assay was developed. The biosensor was designed using micropumps and valves under computer control, and assayed fluid volumes on the order of 1 ml. An automated sampler was designed to draw a test volume of milk from the long milk tube using a 4-way pinch valve. The system could execute a measurement cycle in about 10 min. Progesterone could be measured at concentrations low enough to distinguish luteal-phase from follicular-phase cows. The potential of the sensor to detect actual ovulatory events was compared with standard methods of estrus detection, including human observation and an activity monitor. The biosensor correctly identified all ovulatory events during its testperiod, but the variability at low progesterone concentrations triggered some false positives. Direct on-line measurement and intelligent interpretation of reproductive hormone profiles offers the potential for substantial improvement in reproductive management. A simple potentiometric method for measurement of milk protein was developed and tested. The method was based on the fact that proteins bind iodine. When proteins are added to a solution of the redox couple iodine/iodide (I-I2), the concentration of free iodine is changed and, as a consequence, the potential between two electrodes immersed in the solution is changed. The method worked well with analytical casein solutions and accurately measured concentrations of analytical caseins added to fresh milk. When tested with actual milk samples, the correlation between the sensor readings and the reference lab results (of both total proteins and casein content) was inferior to that of analytical casein. A number of different technologies were explored for the analysis of milk urea, and a manometric technique was selected for the final design. In the new sensor, urea in the sample was hydrolyzed to ammonium and carbonate by the enzyme urease, and subsequent shaking of the sample with citric acid in a sealed cell allowed urea to be estimated as a change in partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The pressure change in the cell was measured with a miniature piezoresistive pressure sensor, and effects of background dissolved gases and vapor pressures were corrected for by repeating the measurement of pressure developed in the sample without the addition of urease. Results were accurate in the physiological range of milk, the assay was faster than the typical milking period, and no toxic reagents were required. A sampling device was designed and built to passively draw milk from the long milk tube in the parlor. An electrochemical sensor for lactose was developed starting with a three-cascaded-enzyme sensor, evolving into two enzymes and CO2[Fe (CN)6] as a mediator, and then into a microflow injection system using poly-osmium modified screen-printed electrodes. The sensor was designed to serve multiple milking positions, using a manifold valve, a sampling valve, and two pumps. Disposable screen-printed electrodes with enzymatic membranes were used. The sensor was optimized for electrode coating components, flow rate, pH, and sample size, and the results correlated well (r2= 0.967) with known lactose concentrations.

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Rykken, Jessica. Pollinator diversity and floral associations in subarctic sand dunes of Kobuk Valley National Park, Alaska. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302008.

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Active sand dunes in Kobuk Valley National Park are a regionally rare and ecologically distinct landscape feature occurring within the northern boreal biome. The sand dunes harbor a rich diversity of plants, including several rare and disjunct species and the endemic Kobuk locoweed (Oxytropis kobukensis). Pollinators associated with these dune plants have not been studied in Kobuk Valley, despite their essential role in transporting pollen which many plants rely on for successful reproduction. In order to gain a better understanding of pollinator diversity and plant-pollinator associations in this unique ecosystem north of the Arctic Circle, we conducted surveys of bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) and syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in several places along the Kobuk River and in two active dune areas, the Hunt River Dunes and the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, in late June-early July of 2017 and 2019. We used active and passive collecting methods to sample pollinators at 21 different sites and along five walking transects, and we documented plant associations for net-collected specimens. In all, we collected 326 bees and 256 syrphid flies, representing 27 and 37 taxa, respectively. The most abundant and widespread species collected among syrphid flies were Lapposyrpus lapponicus and Eristalis obscura. For bees, three soil-nesting solitary species, Andrena barbilabris, Megachile circumcincta, and Osmia tarsata made up 60% of the total bee catch. Dryas integrifolia, a widespread plant on the dunes, hosted the highest number of bee and syrphid fly taxa (13 and 20, respectively). Bumble bees (Bombus) and megachilid bees (Megachile, Osmia) favored several plants in the Fabaceae family, while mining bees (Andrena) were abundant on Salix species (willow). A high diversity of syrphid flies were collected on the composite Packera ogotorukensis, and Salix species. Our collections indicate that the endemic Oxytropis kobukensis was primarily visited by the mason bee, Osmia tarsata (44% of all visitors) and the leafcutter bee, Megachile circumcincta (27%). Bumble bees (genus Bombus) made up another 13% of all visitors to this plant. Our study confirms that the active sand dunes in Kobuk Valley provide an ecologically unique habitat both for plants and their associated insect pollinators. For example, many of the solitary bees living in the dunes rely on deep sands for nesting and thus are limited in their distribution across Arctic and boreal landscapes.

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Bastawros, Ashraf. DTPH56-16H-CAP01 Mechanochemistry-Based Detection of Early Stage Corrosion Degradation of Pipeline Steels. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011990.

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The aim of the work is to provide measurable precursor signals associated with the initiation stage of near-surface damage and cracking, as depicted in Fig. 1.1. We have identified many salient features during the early stage of the SCC process (Stages 1, 2 on Fig. 1.1), including residual stress build-up, near-surface (within few microns) defect percolation, and changes of dislocation dynamics and measurable changes of the surface osmic resistance. We developed a model-based prediction of the onset and progression of SCC subsurface damage and assessed the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure the extent of surface damage. Such a framework would enable the development of appropriate field-deployable NDE technology with the needed spatial and temporal resolutions.

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