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Journal articles on the topic 'Osmophilic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Suhartatik, Nanik, Mimin Nurjanah, and Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto. "Isolation and Identification of Osmophilic Yeast from unripe Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research 1, no. 3 (2019): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/injar.v1i3.507.

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Osmophilic yeast are microbes that are able to live on media with high sugar concentrations. Some types of osmophilic yeast can break down organic compounds, for example, starch. This research was aimed to isolate and identify existing osmophilic yeast in unripe jackfruits. In this research, the unripe jackfruit was left rotting and 2.5 g of the sample were taken to be solved in 25 ml 0.85% NaCl and diluted. The GYP (glucose-yeast-peptone) agar medium with the glucose concentration of 30–50% was suitable for osmophilic yeast growth. Isolate purification was performed using the streaking method

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2

LLOYD, ANNICE C. "Osmophilic yeasts in preserved ginger products." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 10, no. 5 (2007): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1975.tb00064.x.

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3

GUERRERO, S., S. M. ALZAMORA, and L. N. GERSCHENSON. "Development of a Shelf-Stable Banana Purée by Combined Factors: Microbial Stability." Journal of Food Protection 57, no. 10 (1994): 902–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-57.10.902.

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A preservation process based on the “hurdle” effect for obtaining a shelf-stable banana purée was developed. The microbial stability of the purée was challenged with inoculation of osmophilic and non-osmophilic yeasts, various molds, Bacillus coagulans, Clostridium pasteurianum and Clostridium butyricum. It was shown that growth of both native and inoculated flora may be prevented for at least 120 days storage in banana purée by adjusting water activity (aw) to 0.97, pH to 3.4, adding 250 ppm of ascorbic acid (AA), 100 ppm of potassium sorbate (KS) and 400 ppm of sodium bisulphite (NaHSO3), an

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4

Abdel-Hafez, S. I., S. M. Mohawed, and A. H. El-Said. "Seasonal fluctuations of soil fungi of Wadi Qena at eastern desert of Egypt." Acta Mycologica 25, no. 1 (2014): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1989.005.

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The results of the studies on seasonal fluctuations in number and occurrence of glucophilic, osmophilic and halophilic fungi inhabiting soils one wadi in eastern Egypt (conducted in 1985) are presented.

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5

Yoshikawa, S., Y. Togawa, N. Mitsui, et al. "A temperature-sensitive osmophilic mutant of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii." Biotechnology Letters 18, no. 6 (1996): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00130760.

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6

Worrall, James J., and C. J. K. Wang. "Importance and mobilization of nutrients in soft rot of wood." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 11 (1991): 864–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-148.

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Soft rot of wood by Chaetomium globosum and Scytalidium lignicola was negligible in the absence of added nutrients. Independently varying the concentrations of nutrients in double Abrams' solution (which is often used for testing soft rot of wood) showed that these concentrations are higher than necessary, and in some cases supraoptimal, for soft rot as measured by weight loss. Optimal nutrient concentrations were lower in cases of low decay capacity than in cases of high decay capacity. A suitable, reduced solution contained, per litre, 1.5 g NH4NO3, 2.5 g KH2PO4, 2.0 g K2HPO4, and 1 g MgSO4∙

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7

Park, Jin B., Cheol Yook, and Young K. Park. "Production of Erythritol by Newly Isolated Osmophilic Trichosporon sp." Starch - Stärke 50, no. 2-3 (1998): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-379x(199803)50:2/3<120::aid-star120>3.0.co;2-j.

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8

Mukti, Roushney, Md Chowdhury, and Md Uddin. "Isolation and characterization of osmophilic fermentative yeasts from Bangladeshi honeys." Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics 2, no. 3 (2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2019.d35.

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9

Park, Yong Kun, Michel Hyun Koo, and Ila Maria de Aguiar Oliveira. "Biochemical Characteristics of Osmophilic Yeasts Isolated from Pollens and Honey." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 60, no. 11 (1996): 1872–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60.1872.

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10

Ogawa, Yoshihiro, Hiroki Tatsumi, Seiji Murakami, et al. "Secretion ofAspergillus oryzaeAlkaline Protease in an Osmophilic Yeast,Zygosaccharomyces rouxii." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 54, no. 10 (1990): 2521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1990.10870348.

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11

Groleau, Denis, Pierre Chevalier, and T. L. S. Tse Hing Yuen. "Production of polyols and ethanol by the osmophilic yeastZygosaccharomyces rouxii." Biotechnology Letters 17, no. 3 (1995): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01190645.

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12

Ushio, Kohei, Harumi Ohtsuka, and Yoshiyuki Nakata. "Lipid composition of an obligate osmophilic mutant in Zygosaccharomyces rouxii." Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering 72, no. 3 (1991): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0922-338x(91)90219-7.

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13

Gunge, Norio, Kohsai Fukuda, Satoshi Morikawa, Kazuo Murakami, Masaharu Takeda, and Akio Miwa. "Osmophilic linear plasmids from the salt-tolerant yeast Debaryomyces hansenii." Current Genetics 23, no. 5-6 (1993): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00312632.

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14

Lin, Shie-Jea, Chiou-Yen Wen, Pei-Ming Wang, et al. "High-level production of erythritol by mutants of osmophilic Moniliella sp." Process Biochemistry 45, no. 6 (2010): 973–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2010.03.003.

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15

Abdel-Hafez, S. I., A. I. Abdel-Hafez, and M. A. Ismael. "Distribution of osmophilic and halophilic fungi in combine harvester sorghum dust particles from Egypt." Acta Mycologica 25, no. 1 (2014): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1989.004.

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Fifty-two osmophilic (or osmotolerant) and halophilic (or halotolerant) species and one variety representing 24 genera were encountered from 20 combine harvester sorghum dust samples collected from four Covernorates in Upper Egypt, on 50% sucrose - and 15% NaCl-Czapck's agar at 28°C. The results obtained on the two media were basically similar, but numerous fungi could not tolerate 15% NaCl. The most frequent genera were <i>Aspergillus Eurotium, Penicillium</i> and <i>Cladosporium</i>.

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16

Xi-Lin, Xu, Feng Guang-Li, Liu Hong-Wei, Li Xiao-Feng, Zhao Guang-lei, and Xiao Xing-Long. "Isolation, identification and control of osmophilic spoilage yeasts in sweetened condensed milk." African Journal of Microbiology Research 8, no. 10 (2014): 1032–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr2013.6203.

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17

Liu, Hong-Juan, De-Hua Liu, and Jian-Jiang Zhong. "Interesting physiological response of the osmophilic yeast Candida krusei to heat shock." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 36, no. 4 (2005): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2004.04.024.

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18

OGAWA, Yoshihiro, Hiroki TATSUMI, Seiji MURAKAMI, et al. "Secretion of Aspergillus oryzae alkaline protease in an osmophilic yeast, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 54, no. 10 (1990): 2521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.54.2521.

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19

Koh, Eun-Sung, Tae-Hee Lee, Do-Yup Lee, Hyo-Jin Kim, Yeon-Woo Ryu, and Jin-Ho Seo. "Scale-up of erythritol production by an osmophilic mutant of Candida magnoliae." Biotechnology Letters 25, no. 24 (2003): 2103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:bile.0000007076.64338.ce.

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20

Sahoo, Debendra K., and Gopal P. Agarwal. "An investigation on glycerol biosynthesis by an osmophilic yeast in a bioreactor." Process Biochemistry 36, no. 8-9 (2001): 839–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-9592(00)00291-0.

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21

Lin, Shie-Jea, Chiou-Yen Wen, Jian-Ching Liau, and Wen-Shen Chu. "Screening and production of erythritol by newly isolated osmophilic yeast-like fungi." Process Biochemistry 36, no. 12 (2001): 1249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-9592(01)00169-8.

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22

Stupar, Milos, Milica Ljaljevic-Grbic, Jelena Vukojevic, and Aleksa Jelikic. "Mold attack on frescoes and stone walls of Gradac monastery." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 120 (2011): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1120337s.

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Microfungi can colonize stone surfaces and form sub-aerial biofilms which can lead to biodeterioration of historic monuments. In this investigation samples for mycological analyses were collected from stone material with visible alteration on stone walls of Gradac monastery exterior. The prevailing fungi found on stone walls were dematiaceous hyphomycetes with melanized hyphae and reproductive structures (Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium and Epicoccum species). The frescoes inside the monastery building were also analyzed for the presence of mycobiota. The predominant fungi found on fre

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23

Sahoo, Debendra K., and Gopal P. Agarwal. "Effect of oxygen transfer on glycerol biosynthesis by an osmophilic yeastCandida magnoliae I2B." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 78, no. 5 (2002): 545–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10237.

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24

Ushio, Kohei, Hiroki Tatsumi, Hiroyuki Araki, Akio Toh-e, and Yasuji Oshima. "Construction of a host-vector system in the osmophilic haploid yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii." Journal of Fermentation Technology 66, no. 5 (1988): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90079-9.

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25

RIDAWATI, RIDAWATI, BETTY SRI LAKSMI JENIE, ITA DJUWITA, and WELLYZAR SJAMSURIDZAL. "Genetic Diversity of Osmophilic Yeasts Isolated from Indonesian Foods with High Concentration of Sugar." Microbiology Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2010): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5454/mi.4.3.3.

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26

Zhang, Jianan, Dehua Liu, Dongming Xie, Yueyun Wang, and Yan Sun. "Production of glycerol by fermentation using osmophilic yeast Candida krusei with different starchy substrates." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 30, no. 6 (2002): 758–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0229(02)00054-6.

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27

Silva, Juliana Bueno da, Ana Elizabeth Cavalcante Fai, Rosângela dos Santos, Luiz Carlos Basso, and Gláucia Maria Pastore. "Parameters evaluation of fructooligosaccharides production by sucrose biotransformation using an osmophilic Aureobasium pullulans strain." Procedia Food Science 1 (2011): 1547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2011.09.229.

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28

Rojo, M. C., C. Torres Palazzolo, R. Cuello, et al. "Incidence of osmophilic yeasts and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii during the production of concentrate grape juices." Food Microbiology 64 (June 2017): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2016.11.017.

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29

Čadež, Neža, László Fülöp, Dénes Dlauchy, and Gábor Péter. "Zygosaccharomyces favi sp. nov., an obligate osmophilic yeast species from bee bread and honey." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107, no. 3 (2014): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0359-1.

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30

Grymaszewska, Grażyna, and Władysław Golinowski. "The structure of the endodermis during the development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 56, no. 1 (2014): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1987.001.

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Four stages of development in the process of differentiation of the root endodermis of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L. var. Grana) are described. The proendodermis cells have a meristematic nature. Their vacuoles accumulated an osmophilic material. In the next stage, Casparian strips arose in the walls of the endodermis. Dictyosomes and ER cisterns were numerous in the protoplasts of these cells. In the following stage, a suberin lamella was deposited over the entire internal surface of the primary cell wall. In the final stage, a secondary cell wall, thickened in the form of

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31

Justé, A., S. Van Trappen, C. Verreth, et al. "Characterization of Tetragenococcus strains from sugar thick juice reveals a novel species, Tetragenococcus osmophilus sp. nov., and divides Tetragenococcus halophilus into two subspecies, T. halophilus subsp. halophilus subsp. nov. and T. halophilus subsp. flandriensis subsp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, no. 1 (2012): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.029157-0.

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Most bacteria recovered so far from sugar thick juice during storage represent strains of the species Tetragenococcus halophilus. Recently, several Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming cocci with other physiological and genetic traits were isolated from sugar thick juice samples from different origins. In this study, representative isolates were investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between these isolates and their closest relative, Tetragenococcus muriaticus, was 97.4 %. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between isolate T1T, represent

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32

Jojima, Yasuko, Yasuhiro Mihara, Sonoko Suzuki, Kenzo Yokozeki, Shigeru Yamanaka, and Ryosuke Fudou. "Saccharibacter floricola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmophilic acetic acid bacterium isolated from pollen." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 6 (2004): 2263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02911-0.

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Three Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strains were isolated, from the pollen of Japanese flowers, as producers of xylitol; these strains were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that these three isolates formed a new cluster within a group of acetic acid bacteria in the α-Proteobacteria. The characteristics of the three isolates were as follows: (i) their predominant quinone was Q-10; (ii) their cellular fatty acid profile contained major amounts of 2-hydroxy acids and an unsaturated straight-chain acid (C18

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33

Torriani, Sandra, Marilinda Lorenzini, Elisa Salvetti, and Giovanna E. Felis. "Zygosaccharomyces gambellarensis sp. nov., an ascosporogenous yeast isolated from an Italian ‘passito’ style wine." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 12 (2011): 3084–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.031146-0.

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Yeast strains were isolated from Vin Santo of Gambellara, a sweet white wine with the specificity of Controlled Designation of Origin produced from off-vine overripened grapes in the Veneto region (Italy). Comparative sequence analysis of the 26S rRNA gene revealed that three representative strains (ZO03-5T, CA06-8 and ME06-9) constitute a taxon related to, but distinct from, Zygosaccharomyces machadoi. Similarity between the 26S rRNA gene domain D1/D2 sequence of the three isolates and Z. machadoi was 97.9 %; moreover, the morphological characteristics and the physiological behaviour also sup

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34

Burschäpers, J., D. Schustolla, K. Schügerl, H. Röper, and JC de Troostembergh. "Engineering aspects of the production of sugar alcohols with the osmophilic yeast Moniliella tomentosa var pollinis." Process Biochemistry 38, no. 4 (2002): 559–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-9592(02)00179-6.

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35

Steels, H., S. A. James, I. N. Roberts, and M. Stratford. "Zygosaccharomyces lentus: a significant new osmophilic, preservative-resistant spoilage yeast, capable of growth at low temperature." Journal of Applied Microbiology 87, no. 4 (1999): 520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00844.x.

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36

Abdel Wahab, Walaa A., Shireen A. A. Saleh, Eman A. Karam, Nahla M. Mansour, and Mona A. Esawy. "Possible correlation among osmophilic bacteria, levan yield, and the probiotic activity of three bacterial honey isolates." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 14 (April 2018): 386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2018.04.006.

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37

Issotta, Francisco, Paulo C. Covarrubias, Ana Moya-Beltrán, et al. "16S rRNA and Multilocus Phylogenetic Analysis of the Iron Oxidizing Acidophiles of the Acidiferrobacteraceae Family." Solid State Phenomena 262 (August 2017): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.262.339.

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The family Acidiferrobacteraceae (order Acidiferrobacterales) currently contains three genera of chemolithoautotrophs: Sulfuricaulis (2016), Sulfurifustis (2015) and Acidiferrobacter (2011). While the two former are neutrophilic sulfur oxidizers isolated from lake sediments in Japan, the latter is an extremely acidophilic, moderately osmophilic, thermotolerant iron/sulfur oxidizer known to occur in macroscopic streamers in Rio Tinto, Spain and in acid waters worldwide. The type strains of both Sulfuricaulis limnicola (HA5T) and Sulfurifustis variabilis (skN76T) have been sequenced, and the dra

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38

Kubicka, Helena, Barbara Gabara, Bogusław Kubicki, and Mieczysław Karaś. "Genetic and ultrastructural studies on an orange coloured chlorophyll mutant of winter rye (Secale cereale L.)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 57, no. 1 (2014): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1988.007.

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The feature of the orange colour of young seedlings, which appeared in inbred generation S<sub>2</sub> of a short straw form of winter rye cultivated in Jeleniec is described. Genetic analysis revealed that this feature is determined by one recessive gene, marked with the symbol cl<sub>2</sub> (chlorophyll lethal), because the plants with a double dose of this gene (recessive homozygotes) die four weeks after germination. In contrast to typical chloroplasts in normal plants (green), mesophyll cells of mutants (of orange colour) contain plastids devoid of grana thylakoid

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39

Gouda, Hassan Abdel Motagly Abdel Mougod. "Osmophilic/osmotolerant and halophilic/halotolerant fungi from mud, salt crusts, and air collected from Wadi El- Natrun lakes." Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences 2, no. 2 (2020): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33888/jms.2020.224.

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40

Yates, I. E., E. A. Carter, T. A. Wilkins, and B. W. Wood. "Seasonal Variation in Polypeptide Profiles and Cellular Structure of Pecan Leaves." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 115, no. 6 (1990): 924–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.115.6.924.

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Polypeptides from pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. .Koch] leaves were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by silver staining. Pecan leaf protein profiles were similar irrespective of cultivar (Desirable and Stuart), leaflet position, reproductive status of the allied shoot, or seasonal leaf age relative to fruit development. The large subunit of ribulose l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and the majority of the other polypeptides were consistently present. However, the most striking change in the polypeptide composition was the seasonal declin

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41

Rudzińska-Langwald, Anna, and Maria Kamińska. "Cytopathological changes in Schefflera actinophylla Harms. naturally infected with impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 67, no. 3-4 (2014): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1998.027.

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Plants of <em>Schefflera actinophylla</em> Harms. with stunted growth, chlorotic and necrotic spots and patterns, leaf epinasty and distortion are infected with impatiens necrotic spot virus classified as a member of genus <em>Tospovirus</em>. Studies with electron microscope revealed that in cells of <em>S. actinophylla</em> leaves there were no virus particle inclusions typical for <em>tospovirus</em> infection, but only single particles were present. The isolate of INSV was defective and the amount of INSV particles was strongly reduced in &lt

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42

Moharram, A. M., M. M. Yasser, M. A. Sayed, O. A. Omar, and M. M. M. Idres. "Mycobiota and Mycotoxins Contaminating Rice Grains in El Minia, Governorate, Egypt." Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia 16, no. 1 (2019): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2734.

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The mycological analysis of 51 samples of rice grains collected from different localities in El-Minia Governorate revealed the isolation of 54 species of fungi belonging to 21 genera. Most common mycobiota (genera) were Aspergillus and Penicillium being isolated from 96.07% and 54.9% of samples contributing 63.08% and 21.89% of total fungal counts. The prevalent species were represented by Aspergillus flavus, A. candidus, A. niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. islandicum especially on Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar medium (DRBC). These species in addition to some osmophilic fungi in

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43

PETTIPHER, G. L. "Detection of low numbers of osmophilic yeasts in creme fondant within 25 h using a pre-incubated DEFT count." Letters in Applied Microbiology 4, no. 5 (1987): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.1987.tb01591.x.

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44

Shaban, G. M. "Further studies on Egyptian soil fungi: Succession of sugar and osmophilic fungi in soil amended with five organic substrates." Mycopathologia 136, no. 1 (1996): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00436658.

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45

Misra, Swati, Shailendra Raghuwanshi, Pritesh Gupta, Kakoli Dutt, and R. K. Saxena. "Fermentation behavior of osmophilic yeast Candida tropicalis isolated from the nectar of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers for xylitol production." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 101, no. 2 (2011): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-011-9646-2.

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46

TERMINI, MARCO F. G., and WILHELM SCHMIDT-LORENZ. "Growth of Osmotolerant Yeasts at Different Water Activity Values." Journal of Food Protection 50, no. 5 (1987): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-50.5.404.

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The influence of water activity (aw) on growth (lag-phase, mean generation time and cell yield) of osmotolerant yeasts was determined by culturing 7 strains in broths at 10 different aw values in the range of 0.998 to 0.626 and by counting the Colony Forming Unit (CFU) per ml. Broths were adjusted to the desired aw by means of fructose. None of the tested strains could grow at aw 0.701 and 30°C. During 60 d of incubation at this aw and temperature, slight reductions of the initial CFU/ml counts were noted. By incubation at aw &lt;0.701 these reductions were larger. Six strains of Zygosacch

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47

Membré, Jeanne-Marie, Martine Kubaczka, and Christine Chéné. "Combined Effects of pH and Sugar on Growth Rate ofZygosaccharomyces rouxii, a Bakery Product Spoilage Yeast." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 11 (1999): 4921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.11.4921-4925.1999.

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ABSTRACT The effects of citric acid-modified pH (pH 2.5, 2.75, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, and 5.5) and a 30% glucose–70% sucrose mixture (300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 875, and 900 g/liter) on an osmophilic yeast,Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, were determined by using synthetic medium. One hundred experiments were carried out; 50-ml culture flasks were inoculated with 103 CFU ml−1 by using a collection strain and a wild-type strain cocktail. The biomass was measured by counting cell colonies, and growth curves were fitted by using a Baranyi equation. The growth rate decreased linearly with sugar concentrat

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48

Grant, W. D. "Life at low water activity." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 359, no. 1448 (2004): 1249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1502.

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Two major types of environment provide habitats for the most xerophilic organisms known: foods preserved by some form of dehydration or enhanced sugar levels, and hypersaline sites where water availability is limited by a high concentration of salts (usually NaCl). These environments are essentially microbial habitats, with high–sugar foods being dominated by xerophilic (sometimes called osmophilic) filamentous fungi and yeasts, some of which are capable of growth at a water activity ( a w ) of 0.61, the lowest a w value for growth recorded to date. By contrast, high–salt environments are almo

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Sakamoto, Tatsuo, Atsuo Urisu, Masanori Yamada, Yoshio Matsuda, Kenji Tanaka, and Shimpei Torii. "Studies on the Osmophilic Fungus Wallemia sebi as an Allergen Evaluated by Skin Prick Test and Radioallergosorbent Test." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 90, no. 4 (1989): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000235055.

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Xie, Dong-Ming, De-Hua Liu, Hao-Li Zhu, Yong-Qiang Liu, and Jian-An Zhang. "Model-based optimization of temperature and feed control strategies for glycerol production by fed-batch culture of osmophilic yeast Candida krusei." Biochemical Engineering Journal 11, no. 2-3 (2002): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-703x(02)00015-3.

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