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Journal articles on the topic 'OSTBC'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

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1

Zhang, Dong Ming, Yong Jun Li, Li Ding, and Da Wei Zhang. "Analysis and Simulation of Concatenating Orthogonal STBC with TCM in Fading Channels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 2752–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.2752.

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In this paper, we illustrate an orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC) concatenated with trellis-coded modulation (TCM) model, for information transmission over a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel with 2 transmit antennas and 1 receive antenna. We establish the model of TCM-OSTBC concatenation using the SIMULINK. Also, the establishment of an independent TCM model and OSTB model are shown in order to compare with the concatenation scheme. Finally, the performance simulation diagram under three schemes is given. As expected, the simulation result clearly shows, the performance of concatenated OSTBC with TCM is better than TCM or OSTBC.

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2

Rajat Gupta. "Advanced Smart Channel Estimation Scheme for MIMO OSTBC Systems Based Wireless Communication." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 7s (2024): 1853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.3876.

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Labeling diversity is used in an orthogonal space-time block coded (OSTBC) scheme to improve wireless connection reliability without reducing spectral efficiency. Compared to the conventional STBC system, it achieves improved link dependability. The purpose of this work is to provide a blind wireless channel estimator that is bandwidth-efficient for the OSTBC system. Methods for channel estimation, such as least-squares (LS) & minimum mean square error (MMSE) methods typically use the channel bandwidth inefficiently. The receiver noise variance and prior broadcast pilot symbols knowledge & statistics information of channel are required for LS & MMSE channel estimating algorithms to accurately estimate the channel. An neural network machine learning (NNML) channel estimation with transmitter end power-share is suggested in order to make blind channel estimator simpler for the OSBC-based MIMO transmission & to lessen amount of bandwidth requirement for estimation of channel. By using mathematical modeling equivalent to noise power, we determine the ideal transmit fraction of power that reduces bandwidth consumption due to channel estimate. It is demonstrated that the blind NN-ML nased channel estimation with transmitter power-share uses 20% of the bandwidth of the MMSE & LS wireless channel estimators in order to achieve the OSTBC system's low bit error rate (BER) in the case of M-PSK modulation.

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3

Naima, SOFI, FATIMA Debbat, and Fethi Tarik Bendimerad. "Performance Improvement of MIMO-OSTBC System with BCH-TURBO Code In Rayleigh Fading Channel." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 3 (2018): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp898-907.

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Recently, OSTBCs has become a widespread technique for signal transmission over wireless channels because of their diversity gain, but there are not designed to achieve an additional coding gain. Hence, OSTBCs must be concatenated with an external code which allows a significant coding gain.FEC (forward error correction) is a technique used for detecting and possibly correcting errors that can occur when messages are transmitted through a digital communication system, also for rendering the information more reliable. Thus, with staffing these coding techniques that are able to reach Shannon limits, in MIMO systems, better performances can be achieved by taking advantages of diversity and coding gains. The objective of this paper is to compare different FEC codes in Rayleigh fading channel and propose an appropriate code for MIMO-OSTBC systems. The simulation results reveal the performance of the proposed model

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4

Sofi, Naima, Fatima Debbat, and Fethi. Tarik Bendimerad. "Performance Improvement of MIMO-OSTBC System with BCH-TURBO Code In Rayleigh Fading Channel." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 3 (2018): 898–907. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp898-907.

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Recently, OSTBCs has become a widespread technique for signal transmission over wireless channels because of their diversity gain, but there are not designed to achieve an additional coding gain. Hence, OSTBCs must be concatenated with an external code which allows a significant coding gain. FEC (forward error correction) is a technique used for detecting and possibly correcting errors that can occur when messages are transmitted through a digital communication system, also for rendering the information more reliable. Thus, with staffing these coding techniques that are able to reach Shannon limits, in MIMO systems, better performances can be achieved by taking advantages of diversity and coding gains. The objective of this paper is to compare different FEC codes in Rayleigh fading channel and propose an appropriate code for MIMO-OSTBC systems. The simulation results reveal the performance of the proposed model.

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5

Alausta, Gamal M. "Comparative Study of Different Antenna Configurations for the MIMOOSTBC Technique Using FEC and the Rayleigh Fading Channel." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 7 (2020): 1022–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096507666200122094614.

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Background: Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems using Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (OSTBC) gained extensive popularity in wireless applications owing to the potential of providing improved reliability. Methods: The performance of MIMO - OSTBC systems using error-correcting code (Convolutional, Reed Solomon and Interleaving) schemes used to encode data streams in wireless communications using the Rayleigh channel is reported here. These are subjected to experimentation under modulation schemes such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). Decoding occurs using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm, which provides high data rates using spatial domains under the limits of power transmission and limited bandwidths. Results: Different simulations are performed to detect the best BER performance for various antenna configurations and values of antenna configurations with Error Correction so as to use the best outcomes to model the OSTBC. Conclusion: Their effect of improving the overall can be noticed by the advantages of OSTBC with the correcting codes and the maximum number of configurations.

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6

Al-Qahtani, Dokhyl M., and Abdulhameed M. Al-Sanie. "Relay Selection in Distributed Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coded Networks." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 01 (2017): 1850011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126618500111.

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This paper examines the impact of relay selection on the performance of distributed orthogonal space-time block coding (D-OSTBC) in a wireless network. The relay selection algorithm is based on minimizing the pairwise error probability (PER) or equivalently maximizing the signal to noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver. The receiver can always find the optimal selected relay by exhaustive search where the number of relays rarely exceeds four. It is shown in this work that the proposed scheme achieves full diversity order and provides an additional array gain compared to conventional D-OSTBC. Our results show that the proposed scheme is more power efficient than the conventional D-OSTBC. Since 50% of the time the half of the relay is off, the proposed scheme increases the life time of the relay.

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7

El-Hussien, Mariam, Bassant Abdelhamid, Hesham Elbadawy, Hadia El-Hennawy, and Mehaseb Ahmed. "Performance Enhancement for B5G/6G Networks Based on Space Time Coding Schemes Assisted by Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces with Higher Modulation Orders." Sensors 24, no. 19 (2024): 6169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24196169.

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Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) and Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) technologies are essential in the fifth generation (5G) networks and beyond. IRS optimizes the signal propagation and the coverage and is a viable approach to address the issues caused by fading channels that limits the spectral efficiency, while MIMO enhances data rates, reliability, and spectral efficiency by using multiple antennas at both transmitter and receiver ends. This paper proposes an IRS-assisted MISO system using the Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code (OSTBC) scheme to enhance the channel reliability and reduce the Bit Error Rate (BER) in wireless communication systems. The proposed system exploits the benefits from the transmit diversity gain of the OSTBC scheme as well as from the bit energy to noise power spectral density (Eb/No) improvement of the IRS technology. The presented work explores these combined technologies across different modulation schemes. The obtained results outperform the similar previously published works by considering higher-order modulation schemes as well as the deployment of rate ¾ OSTBC-assisted IRS. Moreover, the obtained results demonstrate that the integration of OSTBC with IRS can yield significant performance improvements in terms of Eb/No by 7 dB and 13 dB when using 16 reflecting elements and 64 reflecting elements, respectively.

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8

M. Abd Elkader, Hala, Gamal M. Abdel-Hamid, Adly Tag El-Dien, and Asmaa A. Nassif. "Combined Beamforming with Orthogonal Space Time Block Code for MIMO-OFDM with Simple Feedback." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 4, no. 3 (2016): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i3.pp580-585.

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<p>In this paper, we introduce a proposed scheme to enhance the performance of orthogonal space time block code (OSTBC) with four time slots and two antennas by combing OSTBC with random beamforming to can use it in the downlink transmission for a mobile system. Multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system has been recognized as one of the most promising techniques to achieve a good service and increase data rate in the next generation (4&amp;5G) broadband wireless communications. So, we apply Space time block code (STBC) for MIMO-OFDM system with linear decoding. Also, we perform STBC with beamforming for MIMO-OFDM system to improve the performance of a system. Simulation results show that the beamforming improves bit error rate (BER) performance of OSTBC and STBC-OFDM for different types of modulation and diversity.</p>

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9

Tami, Abdelkader, Mokhtar Keche, and Boubaker S. Bouazza. "New OSTBC for Blind Channel Estimation and Tracking in MIMO-OFDM Systems." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 3 (September 30, 2019): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2019.133819.

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Applying orthogonal space time block coding (OSTBC) to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems helps reduce receiver complexity. However, this approach has been applied only to ﬂat fading channels, as when the channel is a frequency selective fading MIMO channel, OSTBC cannot be used directly since its orthogonal propriety may be lost. Furthermore, the MIMO channel is not always known. To deal with this problem, many techniques were proposed to estimate the channel using a training sequence. Unfortunately, these techniques reduce the useful spectral bandwidth. This paper proposes OSTBC for blind channel estimation and data detection in the case of a MIMO frequency selective channel. The aim of this new OSTBC is twofold: to solve the ambiguity of channel estimation and to reduce the complexity of the detector. By exploiting the well-known technique of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), the frequency selective fading MIMO channel is split into a set of ﬂat fading subchannels. Moreover, to accommodate the fact that a MIMO channel can be time varying, the steady state Kalman channel estimator (SS-KCE) is extended to track the channel’s fast variations. The performance of the proposed blind algorithm is related by the adequate choice of the number of subcarriers and it is compared with other existing approaches by means of Monte Carlo simulations.

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10

Alhammadi, Asem, and Adnan A. Zain. "On OSTBC Codes for LTE-A Systems-Design and Performance Evaluation." Journal of Science and Technology 20, no. 2 (2015): 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20428/jst.v20i2.940.

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Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) is a Fourth Generation (4G) standard of wireless communications that introduces high data rate, high performance, and low delay. These features of LTE-A resulted from the new techniques developed for wireless communications such as Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique. At the heart of this technique is the Space Time Codes, which were developed by the researchers in recent decades to achieve the mentioned features. The designs of OSTBC codes for MIMO systems having any number of transmit antennas and any number of receive antennas have attracted the attention of many researchers. Based on the theory of real and complex orthogonal designs, this paper deals with the design of real and complex OSTBC codes to be used with real signal set constellation such PAM and complex signal constellation such as PSK and QAM. Real and complex OSTBC codes for MIMO systems with two, three, four, five, six, seven and eight transmit antennas and any number of receive antennas, are presented. Simple linear processing ML decoders are derived and presented. The used channel is Rayleigh fading channel MIMO and assumed to behave in a “quasi-static” fashion. Finally, the performances of OSTBC schemes were evaluated and compared in terms of the Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The environment of simulation is MATLAB which is a powerful tool for mathematical calculation and system simulation. The methods of modulations chosen are QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and 128QAM with gray scale mapping.

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11

Hong, Young-Jin. "Performance of M-ary OSTBC MIMO System." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 16, no. 9 (2015): 6269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2015.16.9.6269.

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12

M. K., Arti. "OSTBC Transmission in Large MIMO Systems." IEEE Communications Letters 20, no. 11 (2016): 2308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2597229.

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13

Bandari, Shravan Kumar, V. V. Mani, and A. Drosopoulos. "Robust Precoded OSTBC for GFDM Systems." Procedia Computer Science 93 (2016): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.07.198.

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14

RAJKUMARSINGH, B., and Satyaajeet Seechurn. "IMPROVING BER PERFORMANCE AND SECURITY IN PLC CHANNEL USING OSTBC, CONVOLUTIONAL CODING AND INTERLEAVING WITH HYBRID SDES-AES ENCRYPTION." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 49, no. 3 (2019): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2019.357.

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This paper aims to improve data security and BER performance in the Power Line Communication channel by using encryption and channel coding techniques. In particular, improvement in BER performance has been obtained while using OSTBC rather than STBC as compared to the results obtained in a previous work. The improved system has been extended to include data security in the PLC channel. In this respect, a Hybrid SDES-AES encryption scheme has been developed. The BER performance of the Hybrid SDES-AES encryption in the PLC channel has been improved by using Convolutional coding, Interleaving and OSTBC. A performance improvement of 11.8 dB has been obtained at a BER of 3×10−5 when compared with the Uncoded Hybrid Encryption case.

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15

Solodovnyk, V. I., and M. I. Naumenko. "SYNTHESIS OF SPECTRALLY AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT SIGNAL-CODE CONSTRUCTIONS FOR MIMO SYSTEMS WITH SIGNALS SPATIAL CODING." Proceedings of the O.S. Popov ОNAT 1, no. 1 (2020): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2518-7139-2020-1-1-68-81.

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Wireless communication systems are considered, the main task of which is to increase their spectral (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) in conditions of limited frequency and energy resources. Additional use of the spatial resource based on flexible and universal methods of signals Space-Time Coding (STC) in MIMO-systems (Multiple Input - Multiple Output) can significantly increase the SE and EE values, as well as significantly improve the capabilities and conditions for EE exchange on SE. The advantages and disadvantages of Orthogonal Space-Time Block Coding (OSTBC) and Non-Orthogonal STBC (NOSTBC) are shown. Two main methods of synthesis of spectrally and energy-efficient information transmission methods are demonstrated. The first method is implemented by creating Perfect-codes that simultaneously achieve maximum diversity and multiplexing gains. The exponential computational decoding complexity of such codes makes it impossible for their practical implementation in mobile terminals at the present stage of development of circuitry. The second method of synthesis is based on improving the simple basic STC methods in terms of increasing the SE and EE by creating Signal-Code Constructions (SCC), which have the advantages of the basic STC methods and are devoid of the disadvantages inherent in Perfect-codes. A technique for the synthesis of SCC is proposed, the essence of which is to determine the priority areas (by the value of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)) of using the STC and corresponding signal constellations, which provide the maximum SE for a guaranteed Bit Error Rate (BER). It was found that MIMO 2x2 with Alamouti OSTBC has an advantage in terms of EE over NOSTBC type VBLAST for SE not more than 8 b/s/Hz and SNR under 35 dB, BER not exceeding 10-5. In MIMO 4x4, OSTBC codes are inferior to NOSTBC in terms of EE. VBLAST code allows to provide SE 4 - 8 b/s/Hz at SNR 10 - 20 dB, BER not exceeding 10-5. Based on the results obtained, propositions for further improvement of OSTBC and NOSTBC are formulated.

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16

A.S.Dama, Y., R. A. Abd-Alhameed, T. S. Ghazaany, and S. Zhu. "A New Approach for OSTBC and QOSTBC." International Journal of Computer Applications 67, no. 6 (2013): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/11403-6719.

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17

OHNO, Shuichi. "Performance of Alamouti's OSTBC with Channel Estimation." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E92-A, no. 11 (2009): 2844–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e92.a.2844.

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18

Sezgin, A., and O. Henkel. "Stacked OSTBC: Error Performance and Rate Analysis." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 55, no. 9 (2007): 4599–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2007.896025.

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19

Dhungana, Yamuna, Nandana Rajatheva, and Chintha Tellambura. "Dual Hop MIMO OSTBC for LMS Communication." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 1, no. 2 (2012): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcl.2012.020712.110250.

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20

Wang, Haiquan, Yabo Li, Xiang-Gen Xia, and Shunlan Liu. "Unitary and Non-Unitary Precoders for a Limited Feedback Precoded OSTBC System." Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on 62, no. 4 (2013): 1646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2233508.

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In this paper, a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system with finite-bit feedback first proposed by Love-Heath is considered, where a transmitted signal consists of a precode followed by an orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC), such as Alamouti code. A new design criterion and a corresponding design method of precoders are proposed. Simulations show that the precoders obtained by our proposed criterion and method perform better than the existing ones. Furthermore, since our proposed precoders have a layered structure, their designs can be implemented in the simplest Grassmannian manifold. Moreover, a fast encoding algorithm can be applied, which can greatly reduce the complexity of codeword selection. In this paper, we also propose non-unitary precoders and their design criterion and method based on the performance analysis and the special property of an OSTBC. Interestingly, non-unitary precoders can significantly improve performance over unitary precoders.

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21

Grover, Amit, Neeti Grover, and Sanjolly Jain. "Performance Evaluation of OSTBC Systems using different Channels." International Journal of Computer Applications 68, no. 5 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/11572-4148.

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22

YANG, Qinghai, Yingji ZHONG, and Kyung Sup KWAK. "Symbol Error Rate of Cooperative Transmission Using OSTBC." IEICE Transactions on Communications E92-B, no. 1 (2009): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e92.b.338.

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23

Via, J., and I. Santamaria. "Correlation Matching Approaches for Blind OSTBC Channel Estimation." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 56, no. 12 (2008): 5950–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2008.929661.

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24

Papailiopoulos, Dimitris, and George Karystinos. "Maximum-likelihood noncoherent OSTBC detection with polynomial complexity." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 9, no. 6 (2010): 1935–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2010.06.081715.

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25

Abdulameer, Lwaa Faisal, and Hala Fadhil. "Performance Analysis of FSO under Turbulent Channel Using OSTBC." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 21, no. 3 (2018): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.21030344.

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Free Space Optics (FSO) plays a vital role in modern wireless communications due to its advantages over fiber optics and RF techniques where a transmission of huge bandwidth and access to remote places become possible. The specific aim of this research is to analyze the Bit-Error Rate (BER) for FSO communication system when the signal is sent the over medium of turbulence channel, where the fading channel is described by the Gamma-Gamma model. The signal quality is improved by using Optical Space-Time Block- Code (OSTBC) and then the BER will be reduced. Optical 2×2 Alamouti scheme required 14 dB bit energy to noise ratio (Eb/N0) at 10-5 bit error rate (BER) which gives 3.5 dB gain as compared to no diversity scheme. The results show that using Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique represented by Alamouti scheme gives the improved BER performance as compared with no diversity (Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO)) technique.

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26

An, H. J., and H. K. Song. "Cooperative Communication of Revised Quasi-OSTBC in OFDMA Systems." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 22, no. 11-12 (2008): 1469–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939308786390049.

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27

Hong-dang, Zheng, Nie Xiao-yan, Huo Yu, and Xu Zhao. "Research and analysis of OSTBC in the mine tunnel." Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 1, no. 1 (2009): 1468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2009.09.226.

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28

Yang, Liang. "Outage Performance of OSTBC in MIMO Channels with Shadowing." Wireless Personal Communications 43, no. 4 (2007): 1751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9341-9.

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29

Yang, Liang. "Outage Performance of OSTBC in Double Scattering MIMO Channels." Wireless Personal Communications 45, no. 2 (2007): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9410-0.

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30

Blel, Ilhem, and Ridha Bouallegue. "OSTBC–MISO–OFDM/OQAM Systems with Time Reversal Technique." Wireless Personal Communications 87, no. 1 (2015): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-3024-8.

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31

Geng, Jian, Hongyan Liu, Wen Jin, Xinfeng Yan, and Jin Xu. "Unified OSTBC-based communication scheme for cooperative space vehicles." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 21 (2019): 7577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2019.0549.

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32

M. K., Arti, and Suresh Kumar Jindal. "OSTBC Transmission in Shadowed-Rician Land Mobile Satellite Links." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 65, no. 7 (2016): 5771–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2461437.

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33

Cierny, Michal, Zhi Ding, and Risto Wichman. "Higher Rank Interference Effect on Weak Beamforming or OSTBC Terminals." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 14, no. 9 (2015): 4948–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2015.2429648.

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34

K Desai, Priyadarshini, and Keerti Kulkarni. "Performance Evaluation of MIMO-OSTBC System at mm-Wave Frequency." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 11, no. 6 (2024): 338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488379/ijeee-v11i6p134.

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35

Veljovic, Zoran, and Ugljesa Urosevic. "Increasing Code Rate of the Cooperative Relaying with Virtual OSTBC." Wireless Personal Communications 83, no. 1 (2015): 399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2399-x.

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36

Qian, Guobing, Ping Wei, Zongli Ruan, and Jianqi Lu. "A Low-Complexity Modulation Classification Algorithm for MIMO–OSTBC System." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 36, no. 6 (2016): 2622–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0428-y.

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37

Li, Guangping, Steven D. Blostein, and Jiuchao Feng. "Performance Analysis of OSTBC Transmission in Multiuser Multiantenna Relay Networks." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 62, no. 1 (2013): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2215968.

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38

Khalid, Arslan, and Hafiz M. Asif. "OCDMA and OSTBC based VLC transceiver design using NI cDAQ." Photonic Network Communications 35, no. 1 (2017): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11107-017-0722-z.

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39

Bakir, Hadj Ali, Fatima Debbat, and Fethi Tarik Bendimerad. "Performance Enhancement of OSTBC Applied OFDM Modulation for Wireless Communication Systems." Journal of Applied Sciences 16, no. 9 (2016): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2016.419.428.

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40

JANG, Dong-Sun, Ui-Seok JEONG, Gi-Hoon RYU, and Kyunbyoung KO. "On BER Analysis and Comparison for OSTBC MIMO DF Relaying Networks." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E102.A, no. 6 (2019): 825–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e102.a.825.

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41

Alhammadi, Asem, and Adnan A. Zain. "On OSTBC Codes for LTE-A Systems-Design and Performance Evaluation." Journal of Science and Technology 20, no. 2 (2015): 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20428/jst.20.2.5.

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42

He, Jiguang, Valtteri Tervo, Shen Qian, Markku Juntti, and Tad Matsumoto. "Performance Analysis of OSTBC Transmission in Lossy Forward MIMO Relay Networks." IEEE Communications Letters 21, no. 8 (2017): 1791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2017.2696962.

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43

Blagojevic, Vesna, and Predrag Ivanis. "Ergodic Capacity of Spectrum Sharing Systems with OSTBC in Nakagami Fading." IEEE Communications Letters 16, no. 9 (2012): 1500–1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2012.072012.120713.

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44

Yang, Maoqiang, Bangning Zhang, Yuzhen Huang, Nan Yang, Daniel Benevides da Costa, and Daoxing Guo. "Secrecy Enhancement of Multiuser MISO Networks Using OSTBC and Artificial Noise." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 66, no. 12 (2017): 11394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2017.2725643.

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45

Bjornson, Emil, Eduard Jorswieck, and Bjorn Ottersten. "Impact of Spatial Correlation and Precoding Design in OSTBC MIMO Systems." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 9, no. 11 (2010): 3578–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2010.100110.091176.

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46

Yang, Ye, Tsung-Hui Chang, Wing-Kin Ma, Jianhua Ge, Chong-Yung Chi, and P. C. Ching. "Noncoherent Bit-Interleaved Coded OSTBC-OFDM with Maximum Spatial-Frequency Diversity." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 11, no. 9 (2012): 3335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2012.071612.111936.

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47

Ropokis, George A., Athanasios A. Rontogiannis, P. Takis Mathiopoulos, and Kostas Berberidis. "An Exact Performance Analysis of MRC / OSTBC over Generalized Fading Channels." IEEE Transactions on Communications 58, no. 9 (2010): 2486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2010.09.090282.

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Castro, Paula M., Adriana Dapena, José A. García-Naya, and Josmary Labrador. "A low-cost decision-aided channel estimation method for Alamouti OSTBC." Neural Computing and Applications 23, no. 6 (2012): 1597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00521-012-1112-1.

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49

Soleimani-Nasab, Ehsan, Michail Matthaiou, and Mehrdad Ardebilipour. "Multi-relay MIMO Systems With OSTBC Over Nakagami-$m$ Fading Channels." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 62, no. 8 (2013): 3721–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2262009.

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Sharma, Nikhil, Ankur Bansal, and Parul Garg. "Generalized OSTBC-based subcarrier intensity-modulated MIMO optical wireless communication system." International Journal of Communication Systems 30, no. 6 (2016): e3118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dac.3118.

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