Journal articles: 'Osteopathic Medicine and Osteopathy'

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Requena-García, Jesús, Evelyn García-Nieto, and David Varillas-Delgado. "Objectivation of an Educational Model in Cranial Osteopathy Based on Experience." Medicina 57, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030246.

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Background and Objectives: The techniques directed to the cranial field in osteopathy are the most questioned due to the lack of scientific evidence. In osteopathic practice, manual palpation is essential and, therefore, measuring reliability is fundamental. The objective of this study is to assess the precision and objectification of an educational model in cranial osteopathy based on experience. Materials and Methods: A reliability study was conducted in a cadaver skull where a strain gauge was placed on the sphenobasilar synchondrosis (SBS) of the base of the skull. Three cranial osteopathic techniques (lateral compression, anteroposterior compression, and compression maneuver of the mastoids) were performed 25 times by osteopaths with different degrees of experience (5–10 years, 1–5 years, <1 year). Measurements were computed for each of the three techniques of each group in comparison with the osteopath with >15 years of experience. Data were analyzed to check for inter- and intra-observer reliability using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: Reliability in osteopaths with 5–10 years’ experience (observer 1 and observer 2) performing all three techniques was higher (p < 0.001) than the osteopath with >15 years’ experience. Little or no reliability were observed in osteopaths with less experience. Conclusions: The experience of the osteopaths determines the reliability and effectiveness of the cranial techniques, a fundamental part in objectifying these techniques. This model can help implement objective training in cranial osteopathy formation.

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Dendobrenko, D. K., and O. A. Kulaga. "PROBLEMS OF OSTEOPATHY IN VETERINARY MEDICINE." RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 36, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/2308-9644-2020-36-2-224-231.

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This paper provides detailed information about one of the areas of manual therapy - osteopathy, namely its use in veterinary medicine. The purpose of the study was to describe the features of this group of methods in modern veterinary medicine. The differences between manual therapy and osteopathy, current indications and contraindications were considered. The experience center "Osteovit" in relation to dogs, cats and rodents etc. Osteopathic recovery of young animals is the most important of all other areas of osteopathic recovery, since veterinary osteopaths can correct and correct pathologies during the growth of the animal, which take no more than 1.5 years. The effectiveness of osteopathic correction in veterinary medicine is successfully studied in such ways as: thermography, dopplerography, stabilometry.

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Yushmanov, I. G., and O. V. Troepolskaya. "Image of Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2017): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-3-4-20-25.

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Goal of research - the study aims to identify characteristic features that create a personal and social image of a doctor of osteopathic medicine.Materials and methods. The study was conducted with undergraduate students (ﬁ rst year to forth year), and graduates (including the teaching staff) of St. Petersburg Institute of Osteopathy. The information was obtained from anonymous surveys completed onsite and remotely.Results. The following image of a doctor of osteopathic medicine is based on the results of this paper. This professional group includes men and women, the majority of them worked as neurologists and chiropractors rather than other medical specialists. Most of them have families with more children than in the average family of doctors. Doctors of osteopathic medicine are specialists with a high potential for personal development and professional growth.Conclusions. The analysis of the professional group in the study sample showed that the majority of respondents specialized in neurology, chiropractic medicine and pediatrics. The main motivation for choosing osteopathy is the professional growth. The created image of a doctor-osteopath is intended to help future specialists compare themselves with this professional group and overcome inevitable doubts about competency.

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Petrova, E., and I. Yushmanov. "Study of Socio-Hygienic Aspects of Osteopathic Healthcare Delivery in Big Cities." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2016): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2016-3-4-11-20.

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Introduction. At the present time osteopathy is considered as a branch of ofﬁcial medicine. The experience accumulated by osteopaths has already proven the effectiveness of this treatment method. In the context of intensive development of the specialty it became necessary to justify scientiﬁcally organizational andЕ. Е. Петрова, И. Г. Юшмановmethodological approaches in osteopathic healthcare delivery. In order to do that it is relevant to carry out socio- hygienic analysis of osteopathic healthcare delivery to patients.The object of the researh. To study socio-hygienic aspects of osteopathic healthcare delivery in big cities on the basis of the medical information analysis.Methods. Socio-hygienic and organizational aspects of osteopathic healthcare appealability were studied on the basis of a sample of medical histories of 1 624 patients who received treatment in osteopathic clinics. Every 13th patient card was selected in random manner. The information about each patient was registered in a specially elaborated research protocol. 121 patient cards were examined. In order to hold content-analysis of the information about the clinics declaring osteopathic healthcare delivery in public sources of the Internet, a protocol («Clinic’s passport») for collecting and grouping the data was elaborated. In total 163 sites of clinics were examined.Results. In St. Petersburg 243 medical organizations (including organizations which have branches) and three nonmedical organizations declared osteopathic healthcare delivery. Medical organizations in most cases have osteopath’s consulting rooms (88 %). At the same time in 17,2 % of clinics which declare osteopathic healthcare delivery, there are no osteopaths.Conclusion. In order to regulate the services of osteopathic healthcare delivery it is necessary to establish licensing of osteopathic medical activity.

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Potekhina, Yu P., Yu A. Milutka, E. S. Tregubova, and O. I. Yanushanets. "The study of the osteopathic diagnostics results′ coincidence frequency." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 1-2 (June 6, 2020): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2020-1-2-7-17.

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Introduction. The quality of diagnostics in various branches of medicine including the use of complex and expensive equipment leaves much to be desired. In any case, the doctor evaluates the patient′s examination results and makes a diagnosis, which may be wrong. In manual medicine the main tool is the hands of the doctor and it makes the diagnostic process even more subjective. There are few studies confi rming the reliability of manual diagnostic methods; the reproducibility estimates in the most cases do not satisfy the evidencebased medicinerequirements, and in some cases are simply absent. One of the indicators characterizing the diagnostics quality is the indicator of the diagnoses matches or discrepancies frequency.The goal of research — to determine the coincidence frequency of the osteopathic diagnostics results (osteopathic conclusions) formulated by the osteopathic doctors working as teachers of one osteopathic school.Materials and methods. The cross-blind study involved 6 osteopaths-teachers of the Institute Osteopathy of Saint-Petersburg. Their experience as an osteopathic doctor was from 3 to 14 years (median 7.5 years). The osteopaths were randomly divided into two «triples». Each triple worked on the same day on the same contingent of subjects (students of the Osteopathy Institute). A total of 75 people aged 22 to 58 years (median 35 years) were examined, including 36 women and 39 men. Each person was examined by three osteopaths with completinga standard osteopathic conclusion. Osteopaths carried out only osteopathic diagnosis without taking a history and analysis of the additional examinations results. All subjects fi lled out an anamnestic questionnaire in which they noted the regions where there were operations or injuries, or the problem was identifi ed by objective examination methods (there was a diagnosis). Statistical processing of the results was performed using nonparametric statistics by a specialist who did not know who specifi cally performed the osteopathic diagnosis.Results. The following patterns were revealed after comparing the osteopathic conclusions made by three osteopathic doctors examining one group of patients. For 12 regions of the body (including variants of somatic (soma) and visceral (viscera) components), 8 regions showed agreement on the presence or absence of biomechanical somatic dysfunctions (SD) by the results of groups comparing according to the Friedman criterion p>0,05. In the head and chest (soma) regions in both triplets there was the greatest coincidence of diagnoses, and in the lower back (viscera) region — the least, perhaps the latter region is the most diffi cult for osteopathic examination. Regional neurodynamic SD was detected rarely, from 1 to 3 per group, and so there was almost complete negative consent among osteopathic doctors, perhaps these SD are very rare. Global SD either were not detectedby the osteopaths, or the detected global SD did not match in most cases, perhaps the global SD identifi cationis the most diffi cult part of the osteopathic examination. For the most cases (84 % in the fi rst triple and 60 % in the second triples), 2 osteopaths out of 3 revealed the same dominant SD, and the original diagnoses were from 28,9 % to 53,3 %. In 73 % of the subjects the localization of the dominant SD coincided with the localization of the problems indicated in the questionnaire (a history of trauma or surgery; a diagnosis confi rmed by objective examination methods). These results are very important for confi rming the osteopathic diagnosisobjectivity, since SD is likely to form at the site of an injury or operation (i. e. acute infl ammation).Conclusion. The obtained results of osteopathic diagnostics can be regarded as quite good and acceptable, especially in comparison with the so-called objective methods (ultrasound, MRI, etc.).

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Vaucher, Paul, Roy J. D. Macdonald, and Dawn Carnes. "The role of osteopathy in the Swiss primary health care system: a practice review." BMJ Open 8, no. 8 (August 2018): e023770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023770.

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ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe osteopathic activity and scope of practice to understand the current and future role of osteopathy in the Swiss healthcare system.DesignA questionnaire survey that included a patient record-based retrospective clinical audit.Setting/populationOsteopaths with a national diploma (n=1086) were invited by mail to participate in an online survey. Osteopathic assistants (n=84) were identified through their national association.QuestionnaireThe survey was constructed from previous surveys and tested for face validity with experts, osteopaths and patient representatives. The questionnaires were completed online in English, German and French between April and August 2017. Osteopaths anonymously reported information about themselves, their practice, and the treatment and care for four randomly selected patients they managed in 2016.ResultsThe response rate from the survey was 44.5% (521/1171). Data on osteopathic care were collected for 1144 patients and 3449 consultations. In 2016, osteopaths saw approximately 6.8% of the Swiss population for 1700 000 consultations and an overall estimated cost of 200 million Swiss francs. 76% of patients sought care directly without a referral from another care provider. Few osteopaths (<1%) work in a hospital setting and 46% work in isolation in private practice. Infants (under 2 years old) made up 10% of all patients and 9% of patients were ≥65 years. Patients most commonly sought treatment for musculoskeletal conditions (81%) with the spine being the most frequent location (66%). Treatments also included exercise advice (34.2%) and lifestyle management (35.4%). Fewer than 1 patient out of 10 were referred to another health profession or provider.ConclusionsIn Switzerland, osteopathic care represents an important first line management for musculoskeletal conditions that alleviates some of the burden of care in the Swiss primary healthcare system.

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Glover, Saundra H., and Patrick Asubonteng Rivers. "Strategic Choices for a Primary Care Advantage: Re-Engineering Osteopathic Medicine for the 21st Century." Health Services Management Research 13, no. 3 (August 2000): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095148480001300303.

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The rapidly growing area of osteopathic medicine takes us beyond high technology, life-saving equipment, or at least the most accurate diagnostic test. Whether it is called ‘alternative’, ‘complementary’ or ‘holistic’ medicine, it cannot be ignored as a legitimate healthcare choice, with well-defined benefits for healthcare consumers. This paper examines the history, development, philosophy of practice and challenges facing the viability of osteopathic medicine. More specifically, we address the following key questions: What is osteopathy medicine? What role does osteopathic medicine play in the provision of health services? What challenges face this professional group? And is osteopathic medicine an alternative approach to healthcare?

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Novikov, Yu O., D. E. Mokhov, and E. S. Tregubova. "Formation and development of osteopathy as a scientiﬁc discipline." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 1 (April 13, 2021): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2021-1-8-19.

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The formation and development of osteopathy as a scientiﬁc discipline is considered. Despite its one and a half century history, osteopathy is a relatively young medical specialty. At the same time, throughout the history of the existence of osteopathy, its supporters carried out an active search for scientiﬁc evidence of its effectiveness. Currently, osteopathy is going through the stage of scientiﬁcation, its formation as a scientiﬁc discipline. However, even now even the term osteopathy itself is often interpreted quite loosely and, in some cases, tendentiously. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to trace the development of osteopathy — from the earliest works of its founders to the latest stage of development, when osteopathy has become more and more consistent with the basic requirements of evidence-based medicine. To achieve this goal, much attention is paid to all stages of the formation and development of osteopathy, both abroad and in Russia. There are considered such problems as the formation of the basic terminology, the development and change of the basic concepts of osteopathy, including the concept of osteopathic lesion and the concept of somatic dysfunctions, the development of modern methods of evidence-based medicine, the dynamics of publication activity of osteopathic researchers. It concludes that new ways of obtaining the data about the health effects of osteopathy will continue to emerge, and the level of evidence and the number of quality clinical trials are likely to change.

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Krasnoyarova, N. A. "Osteopathy as Medicine of the Future." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2017): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-3-4-66-75.

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Goal of research - the study aims to justify the statement that osteopathy is an effective method of diagnostics and treatment.Materials and methods. The study examined 5 000 patients with different clinical symptoms who underwent osteopathic treatment sessions. A variety of osteopathic techniques were used: e. g. soft tissue techniques, articulations, muscle energy techniques and trusts, fascial techniques, strain-counterstrain, visceral techniques on the thoracic and abdominal cavities, cranial techniques, etc. In some cases, the following additional research methods were used: electroencephalography, echocardiogram, Doppler sonography, etc.Results. All the patients showed signiﬁ cant improvement in the condition with complete regression of clinical symptoms and with the improvement of the results of additional research methods.Conclusion. The osteopathic treatment has shown to be highly effective in diagnostics and correction in this group of patients. It corresponds to the basic principles of medicine of the future.

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Coste, Joël, Terkia Medkour, Jean-Yves Maigne, Marc Pérez, Françoise Laroche, and Serge Perrot. "Osteopathic medicine for fibromyalgia: a sham-controlled randomized clinical trial." Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease 13 (January 2021): 1759720X2110090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1759720x211009017.

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Background: Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) frequently resort to osteopathic or chiropractic treatment, despite very weak supporting evidence. We aimed to assess the efficacy of osteopathic manipulation in FM in a properly controlled and powered randomized clinical trial. Methods: Patients were randomized to osteopathic or sham treatment. Treatment was administered by experienced physical medicine physicians, and consisted of six sessions per patient, over 6 weeks. Treatment credibility and expectancy were repeatedly evaluated. Patients completed standardized questionnaires at baseline, during treatment, and at 6, 12, 24, and 52 weeks after randomization. The primary outcome was pain intensity (100-mm visual analog scale) during the treatment period. Secondary outcomes included fatigue, functioning, and health-related quality of life. We performed primarily intention-to-treat analyses adjusted for credibility, using multiple imputation for missing data. Results: In total, 101 patients (94% women) were included. Osteopathic treatment did not significantly decrease pain relative to sham treatment (mean difference during treatment: −2.2 mm; 95% confidence interval, −9.1 to 4.6 mm). No significant differences were observed for secondary outcomes. No serious adverse events were observed, despite a likely rebound in pain and altered functioning at week 12 in patients treated by osteopathy. Patient expectancy was predictive of pain during treatment, with a decrease of 12.9 mm (4.4–21.5 mm) per 10 points on the 0–30 scale. Treatment credibility and expectancy were also predictive of several secondary outcomes. Conclusion: Osteopathy conferred no benefit over sham treatment for pain, fatigue, functioning, and quality of life in patients with FM. These findings do not support the use of osteopathy to treat these patients. More attention should be paid to the expectancy of patients in FM management.

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Egorova, Irina A., Alexandr D. Buchnov, and Elena R. Zinkevich. "The effectiveness of osteopathic treatment 2,5–4,5 year-old children with dysarthria." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 12, no. 2 (August 11, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped12229-34.

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Background. In recent decades, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures related to classical orthopedics, manual medicine and osteopathy have become widespread in Russian clinical medicine. Osteopathy expands the possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of various diseases due to the fact that its methods are not addressed to individual symptoms of the disease, but to violations of the system organization of physiological functions of the body and to establishing cause-and-effect relationships between mechanical damage of human tissues and the development of subsequent pathologies. Currently, the problem of studying the relationship of indicators of the osteopathic status of preschool children having perinatal signs of dysarthria is relevant for osteopathic doctors. Materials and methods. On the basis of the department of osteopathy of the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University and the V.L. Andrianov Institute of the osteopathic medicine, a study was conducted aimed at assessing the clinical and physiological parameters of children aged 2.5 to 4.5 years with dysarthria and further substantiating the effectiveness of oteopathic treatment of adverse functional disorders of the brain that affect oral speech. The work used a computer electroencephalograph Mizar. Ultrasound dopplerography of the brain vessels of the subjects using the transcranial dopplerography device EME/Nicolet as well as ultrasound examination of the cervical spine was performed. The materials obtained in the course of the study were subjected to mathematical and statistical processing using the Statistica 6.0 software package, nonparametric (Wilcoxon test) and parametric methods were used with applying the Students t-test to assess the reliability of differences, and correlation analysis was performed to establish the relationship between clinical, physiological and osteopathic indicators in children before and after treatment. Conclusions. The results of the assessment of the clinical and physiological parameters of the subjects allowed us to infer that the osteopathic treatment was effective.

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Potekhina, Yu P., and A. A. Gurichev. "Terminology of injuries in osteopathy and other medical disciplines." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 2 (July 3, 2021): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2021-2-116-127.

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There is presented a review of the literature on the concepts of «osteopathic damage», «somatic dysfunction», «trauma», «damage». The similarities and differences of these terms in osteopathy, traumatology and forensic medicine are shown. In order to achieve an interdisciplinary understanding in osteopathy, along with the original and new terminology, the use of the historically established terminology of classification of external damaging factors is proposed.

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Lago, Rodrigo Medina Vasconcelos, Marco Antônio Figueiredo Da Silva Filho, and Alan Carlos Nery Dos Santos. "Efeito das manobras osteopáticas no tratamento da asma: revisão de literatura." Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal 13 (December 11, 2015): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2015.13.262.

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Introduction: Despite the high prevalence of asthma, there is no consensus in the literature regarding non-drug methods for the treatment of their symptoms. Thus, holistic therapies such as osteopathy can be viable alternatives since evidence has shown benefits of osteopathic manipulative treatment of clinical conditions such as asthma. Objective: To gather evidence tested osteopathic approach to treating the symptoms, respiratory dysfunction, medication use and quality of life of patients with asthma. Method: Electronic searches were conducted between October and November 2014. It was used as descriptors crossed, or alone in the fields "words", "subject descriptors", "title words", "title" and "abstract" the following keywords combined with Boolean operators AND and OR: Osteopathic Medicine, osteopathic manipulation, osteopathy, Spinal Manipulation, Manual Therapy, Therapy Skull Sacral, Chiropractic, Chiropractic Manipulation, Asthma. Initially they were collected all the articles that addressed the manual features used by osteopathic or chiropractic correlated with the asthma treatment published between 1998 and 2014. Results: It was found 35 articles, of which 28 were excluded because they did not conform to pre-defined criteria. Thus, seven works were part of this review. Four of them are clinical trials, two case studies and a pilot study. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that osteopathic manipulative techniques can be used as non-medicated additional resource in the treatment of patients with asthma. The reviewed studies have identified improving the quality of life, subjective perception of symptoms and reduce the use of drugs.

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Kuzmina, Julia O., Julia P. Potekhina, Elena S. Tregubova, and Ekaterina S. Mokhova. "Possibilities of osteopathic correction of functional disorders in children." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 8, no. 6 (December 28, 2017): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped8617-23.

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Osteopathy is a branch of clinical medicine based on a holistic approach which uses manual methods on the stages of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation and is aimed at restoring the body's natural ability to self-correction. The article presents an overview of randomized controlled trials of the results of osteopathic treatment of children of different age groups presenting functional alterations. All the trials were held in the Russian Federation over the recent years. On the grounds of the presented data it is possible to draw a conclusion about the proven clinical effectiveness of osteopathic treatment in hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, in particular, in hypertension-hydrocephalic syndrome, in the mild form of bulbar dysarthria as a consequence of a birth injury of the craniovertebral junction, dysplasia and subluxation of the hip joint, low degree myopia with the accommodation spasm, neurogenic dysfunctions of the urinary bladder complicated by the chronic bullous cystitis and vesicoureteral reflux. The sooner osteopathic treatment starts, the better is the result. Osteopathic treatment is safe. It allows to reduce the medicinal load and the risk of polypragmasy in children. It goes well with other methods of treatment, which is especially important for children of the first year of life. Osteopathy can enrich the clinical medicine toolkit and occupy a rightful place in the system of healthcare delivery to children.

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Baer, Hans A. "The Drive for Legitimation by Osteopathy and Chiropractic in Australia: Between Heterodoxy and Orthodoxy." Complementary health practice review 11, no. 2 (April 2006): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210106292467.

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This article examines the drive for legitimation on the part of osteopathy and chiropractic in Australia. A brief history is presented of the development of these two manual medical systems down under, their respective drives for statutory registration and public funding of their training institutions (all of which are embedded in public universities), and their respective niches within the context of the Australian dominative medical system. Ironically, although osteopathy is politically strong in both the United States, where it has evolved in osteopathic medicine and a parallel medical system to biomedicine, and in Britain, where it remains primarily a manual medical system, chiropractic over time became politically stronger than osteopathy in Australia. The author argues that although chiropractic and osteopathy remain distinct and related systems in Australia, from the perspective of the Australian state, they essentially are one and the same.

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Kanze, David M. "Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine in the Era of the Single Accreditation System: Can the Past Guide the Way to the Future of OMM?" AAO Journal 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-30.1.17.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the education of osteopathic physicians who integrate osteopathic manipulative medicine in practice and attempt to find key factors that might be viewed as best practices to be adopted by colleges of osteopathic medicine (COMs), Departments of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM), and postgraduate training programs; and 2) to evaluate if gross human anatomy was seen as valuable in OMM training. A 31-question, online survey was distributed to English-speaking members of the American Academy of Osteopathy (AAO) in the United States from July through October of 2016. Of the 438 respondents, 325 (74.3%) reported having a mentor in osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) or osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) while in school. In addition, 270 (61.6%) had dedicated time to practice OMT while in school, with 186 (42.5%) practicing supervised in a school clinic, 340 (77.6%) practicing during an undergraduate rotation, and 244 (55.7%) practicing after school hours. Many of the mentees participated in several of the above activities. Chi square test was applied to participants who are Fellows of the American Academy of Osteopathy (FAAOs). This test revealed that 24 of 26 (92.3%) of FAAOs, who responded, had a mentor, a statistically significant relationship between having an OMT/OMM mentor and becoming an FAAO (P=.03). Almost all survey participants (438 [99.5%]) had some type of gross anatomy while in medical school. The majority of respondents (321 [73.8%]) performed dissections, 81 (18.6%) had both prosection and dissections, 33 (7.6%) only had prosection, and 321 (73.8%) found that it was extremely helpful in their OMM training. In comparison, 341 respondents (78.2%) reported that gross anatomy was important to their specialty. The survey clearly demonstrated that early exposure to an OMM mentor leads to increased use of OMT and OMM and that a strong foundation in gross human anatomy was found to be useful for physicians across specialty training, including OMM.

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Clouzeau, C. "What Place Should Osteopathy Take in the System of Medical Services in France?" Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2017): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-3-4-76-82.

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In order for osteopathy to be included in the system of medical services in France, it is necessary to assess the effectiveness and its role in public healthcare and preventive care. The article suggests studying the research methods adapted to the applied research of osteopathy, with the integration of human and subjective measurement of this new branch of medicine. It is necessary to do research on separating the technical part of the osteopathic session from the relational part using the tools of analysis of evidence-based medicine in order to offer a rational perception-focused practice. Moreover, the therapeutic status of osteopathy should be discussed.It is important to create epistemology of osteopathy, to deﬁ ne dysfunction, to clarify techniques, their purposes and effectiveness, to evaluate a treatment session from the point of view of psychology, anthropology, sociology, and philosophy, in addition to clinical research.

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Mozgovaya, Yelena Vitalyevna, Svetlana Vladimirovna Mishina, Oksana Anatolyevna Vinogradova, and Natalya Aleksandrovna Patrukhina. "Methods of osteopathy in complex preparation for labor." Journal of obstetrics and woman disease 62, no. 2 (May 15, 2013): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd622139-143.

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The efficiency of osteopathy methods is carried out by preparation of pregnant organism for labor. 65 pregnants were included in research with full-term pregnancy, without heavy somatic and obstetric complications. Pregnants at whom as complex preparation for labor along with medicine therapy (spazmolytics, laminarias, antygestagenes, physical therapy) were applied osteopathic methods were included In the main group (n = 36). In group of comparison (n = 29) only medicine therapy was applied. At women in labor who have received complex preparation for labor with the use of osteopathic techniques in comparison with group, receiving only medicine therapy, the increase in speed of uterine cervix dilatation at 0.2 cm/h in latent and active phases of labor, reliable decrease in frequency of uterine activity anomalies and fetal hypoxia, and, as a result, decrease by 3 times of emergent Cesarean section frequency is detected. Decrease in frequency of perineotomiya and ruptures of uterine cervix are noted.

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Pankov, O. A., V. V. Matvienko, V. K. Frolkov, V. A. Zhernov, and M. M. Zubarkina. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of osteоpathic methods of treatment of patients with chronic stone-free cholecystitis." Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation 19, no. 2 (December 27, 2020): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1681-3456-2020-19-2-6.

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Background. Osteopathic methods are used in practical medicine, but there is little scientific research in this area, especially in the treatment of somatic diseases. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of osteopathy in the complex therapy of patients with chronic stone-free cholecystitis from the point of view of evidence-based medicine. Methods. The study involved 114 patients who were divided into two groups, the control group and the main group, in which osteopathic procedures were applied. The functions of the gallbladder, bile and blood biochemistry, and cholecystokinin secretion were analyzed. Results. It was found that osteopathic methods significantly increased the effectiveness of standard therapy both in terms of regression of clinical symptoms of the disease and in the functioning of the gallbladder. It is proved that the main group of patients significantly increases the secretion of cholecystokinin, which correlates with an improvement in the biochemistry of bile and its allocation. It was found that the effectiveness of osteopathic treatment methods does not depend on the gender of patients. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate a fairly pronounced therapeutic effect of osteopathic procedures in the complex therapy of patients with chronic stone-free cholecystitis. The increase in the secretion of cholecystokinin is difficult to explain from the point of view of correction of functional blocks, and this problem remains the subject of further research.

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Hartman, Steve E. "Should osteopathic licensing examinations test for knowledge of cranial osteopathy?" International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 8, no. 4 (December 2005): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2005.08.003.

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Briggs Early, Kathaleen, Kelly M. Adams, and Martin Kohlmeier. "Analysis of Nutrition Education in Osteopathic Medical Schools." Journal of Biomedical Education 2015 (August 5, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/376041.

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Purpose. Describe nutrition education at US colleges of osteopathic medicine; determine if it meets recommended levels. Method. We surveyed 30 US colleges of osteopathic medicine (US COM) with a four-year curriculum about the amount and form of required nutrition education during the 2012/13 academic year. The online survey asked about hours of required nutrition across all 4 years and also in what types of courses this instruction occurred. We performed descriptive statistics to analyze the data. Results. Twenty-six institutions (87% response rate) completed the survey. Most responding US COM (22/26, 85%) do not meet the recommended minimum 25 hours of nutrition education; 8 (31%) provide less than half as much. Required nutrition instruction is largely confined to preclinical courses, with an average of 15.7 hours. Only 7 of the 26 responding schools report teaching clinical nutrition practice, providing on average 4.1 hours. Conclusions. Most US COM are inadequately preparing osteopathic physicians for the challenges they will face in practice addressing the nutritional concerns of their patients. Doctors of osteopathy cannot be expected to properly treat patients or guide the prevention of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome if they are not trained to identify and modify the contributing lifestyle factors.

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Clouse, Edward H. "The Role of Drug Therapy in Alternative Healing Systems." Journal of Drug Issues 18, no. 2 (April 1988): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268801800205.

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In the course of American history there have been many varieties of “alternative” medical practice. They include folk medicine, domestic medicine, drugstore medicine, faith healing, mesmerism, and quackery, as well as more coherent systems such as physicomedical, herbal, botanic, reformed, eclectic, hydropathic, chronothermal, chiropractic, osteopathic, homeopathic, and naturopathic medicine. This paper discusses the development and current status of the art of chiropractic, as well as the medical philosophies of osteopathy, homeopathy, and naturopathy. Particular attention is focused on how the use of drugs and drug therapy is viewed by advocates of these alternative medical practices. Their demonstrated concern for the patient as a whole and their relationship to the holistic health movement is also considered.

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Consorti, Giacomo, Fabio Basile, Leonardo Pugliese, and Marco Petracca. "Interrater Reliability of Osteopathic Sacral Palpatory Diagnostic Tests Among Osteopathy Students." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 118, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2018.132.

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Patriquin, David A. "1995-1996 Yearbook of the American Academy of Osteopathy: Osteopathic Vision." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 96, no. 9 (September 1, 1996): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.1996.96.9.521.

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Ivanova, E., and E. Shyriaeva. "Holistic Traditions in Modern Medicine. Analysis of Jean-PierreAmigues' Experience of Following Different Medical Traditions." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2015): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2015-3-4-127-133.

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The article presents the possibilities of integration of different medical traditions using the example of work of the leading osteopath Jean-Pierre Amigues. The article is based on the Workshop «Osteopathy in the XXI century», held in Israel in 2011.

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Zuev, Denis S., and E. V. Kostenko. "POTENTIAL FOR RESTORATIVE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME WITH THE USE OF OSTEOPATHY AND SHOCKWAVE THERAPY." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 25, no. 3 (June 15, 2019): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2019-25-3-166-171.

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Introduction. Complex investigation of rehabilitation treatment possibilities in patients with Myofascial pain syndrome using osteopathy and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) remains a very actual problem. Materials and methods. 120 patients with myofascial pain syndrome at the age of 49,65±0,89 years old were investigated. The average duration of the disease - 2,29±0,18 years. Results. Combination of standard therapy with osteopathic treatments and ESWT decreases severity of Myofascial pain syndrome measured with five-point vertebro-neurological symptoms scale after 12 months of observations for 59,2%. Standard therapy together with osteopathic treatment reduces severity of Myofascial pain syndrome for 43,3%. Standard therapy together with ESWT reduces severity of Myofascial pain syndrome for 34,2%. Standard therapy alone reduces severity of Myofascial pain syndrome for 31,6%. Dynamic of Visual analogue scale pain parameters was 77,1%, 62,2%, 52,8% and 30,9%, that was accompanied by The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) average values decrease by 92,4%, 75,9%, 66,8% and 39,9%, respectively. Severity of Visual analogue scale symptoms were directly proportional to the parameters of IMS (r=0,231) and ODI (r=0,379), whereas the symptoms severity reduction level in this scale has strong correlation with the level of IMS scale dynamics (r=0,85). Conclusion. When forming the rehabilitation treatment Protocol of patients with myofascial pain syndrome using osteopathy and shock wave therapy one should consider that according to the 12-month prospective observation, it is the combination of these methods that shows the most positive effect on the severity of myofascial pain syndrome, measured with VAS scale, five-point vertebro-neurological symptoms evaluation scale and osvestri questionnaire.

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Fahlgren, Elin, Ali A. Nima, Trevor Archer, and Danilo Garcia. "Person-centered osteopathic practice: patients’ personality (body, mind, and soul) and health (Ill-being and well-being)." PeerJ 3 (October 27, 2015): e1349. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1349.

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Background.Osteopathic philosophy and practice are congruent with the biopsychosocial model, a patient-centered approach when treating disease, and the view of the person as a unity (i.e., body, mind, and soul). Nevertheless, a unity of being should involve a systematic person-centered understanding of the patient’s personality as a biopsychosociospiritual construct that influences health (i.e., well-being and ill-being). We suggest Cloninger’s personality model, comprising temperament (i.e., body) and character (i.e., mind and soul), as a genuine paradigm for implementation in osteopathic practice. As a first step, we investigated (1) the relationships between personality and health among osteopathic patients, (2) differences in personality between patients and a control group, and (3) differences in health within patients depending on the presenting problem and gender.Method.524 osteopathic patients in Sweden (age mean = 46.17,SD= 12.54, 388 females and 136 males) responded to an online survey comprising the Temperament and Character Inventory and measures of health (well-being: life satisfaction, positive affect, harmony in life, energy, and resilience; ill-being: negative affect, anxiety, depression, stress, and dysfunction and suffering associated to the presenting problem). We conducted two structural equation models to investigate the association personality-health; graphically compared the patients’ personalityT-scoresto those of the control group and compared the mean raw scores usingt-tests; and conducted two multivariate analyses of variance, using age as covariate, to compare patients’ health in relation to their presenting problem and gender.Results.The patients’ personality explained the variance of all of the well-being (R2between .19 and .54) and four of the ill-being (R2between .05 and .43) measures. Importantly, self-transcendence, the spiritual aspect of personality, was associated to high levels of positive emotions and resilience. Osteopathic patients, compared to controls, scored higher in six of the seven personality dimensions. These differences were, however, not considerably large (divergences inT-scoreswere <1SD,Cohen’s dbetween 0.12 and 0.40). Presenting problem and gender did not have an effect on any of the health measures.Conclusion.The patient’s personality as a ternary construct (i.e., body, mind, and soul), which is in line with osteopathy, is associated to both well-being and ill-being. The lack of substantial differences in personality between patients and controls implies that the patients had not any personality disorders. Hence, osteopaths might, with proper education, be able to coach their patients to self-awareness. The lack of differences in health variables between osteopathic patients with different presenting problems suggests that practitioners should focus on the person’s health regardless of the type of presenting problem.

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Ching, Leslie M., Ashley Watson, Tyler Watson, and Philip Ridgway. "The Osteopathic Approach During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic, Featuring Newly Analyzed Case Reports." AAO Journal 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53702/2375-5717-31.2.9.

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Abstract Osteopathic physicians played a pivotal role in treating patients suffering from the H1N1 influenza A virus of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic. This article focuses on case reports and questionnaire answers from the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association (JAOA), now the Journal of Osteopathic Medicine (JOM), and Osteopathic Physician concerning the modalities, techniques, and efficacy of osteopathic treatments of the 1918 pandemic. There are 19,565 patients who are represented in this analysis. The results are compared to the often-cited 110,120 patient cases reported by the JOM in 1920. Several different approaches, including lymphatic and visceral techniques, were widely used at the time, and their historic incorporation into patient treatment is explored. There is a discussion of the geographic location and characteristics of the practices. Statistical breakdown of mortality rate, the most commonly used approaches, somatic dysfunctions commonly treated, physician anecdotes, and other common remedies used by osteopathic physicians, are noted additionally. A comparison is done of the literature regarding the osteopathic approach for COVID-19. The newly analyzed case reports in this article demonstrate a similar mortality rate as in the 1920 JAOA article and illustrate the geographical distribution, treatment approaches, and personal stories of osteopaths during the pandemic.

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Fatisson, Julien, François Lalonde, Victor Oswald, and Yannick Mullié. "Clinical application of visceral thoracic osteopathic manipulations in heart rate variability measurement with photoplethysmography for stress-related symptoms: a case report." Scholar: Pilot and Validation Studies 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32778/spvs.71366.2020.12.

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Abstract Heart rate variability (HRV) is the change in frequency from one heartbeat to the next, due to the adaptation of the heart’s rhythm in response to an internal or external stimulus. Increased HRV has been reported as a potential indicator of general health. The relationship between structure and function is one of the guiding principles of osteopathy; it considers anatomy essential for explaining physiological dysfunction. There is a paucity of research on the effects of Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) on the effects of HRV. We hypothesize that OMM can be used safely and to help promote healthier HRV. We herein report on a case of improved HRV after serial OMM sessions.

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Maddick, Andrew F., and Stuart B. Korth. "Response to Hartman's “Should osteopathic licensing examinations test for knowledge of cranial osteopathy?”." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 9, no. 3 (September 2006): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2006.07.003.

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Baroni, Francesca, Damiana Mancini, Silvia Clara Tuscano, Simone Scarlata, Christian Lunghi, Francesco Cerritelli, and Jason Haxton. "Osteopathic manipulative treatment and the Spanish flu: a historical literature review." Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 121, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jom-2020-0112.

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Abstract Context The Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 was approached with a variety of management techniques available at that time, including osteopathic care in addition to standard medical care. Objective To analyze the osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) techniques used for the management of patients affected by the Spanish flu according to four themes: the principles and procedures used, frequency and length of OMT, reported side effects, and advice for patients. Methods A structured review of the literature was performed by hand-searching texts at the Museum of Osteopathic Medicine International Center for Osteopathic History in Kirksville, Missouri, and online via PubMed (National Library of Medicine), ScienceDirect (Elsevier), and Google Scholar (Google, Inc). The literature search was carried out between February and March 2020. Three keywords were selected from the medical subject headings database of the National Library of Medicine: manipulation, osteopathic; influenza pandemic, 1918–1919; epidemics. Articles were then reviewed for relevance by screening for articles published between 1900 and 1940 that contained at least 1 of the following keywords in their title: Spanish influenza, flu, epidemic, grippe, pneumonia, or osteopathic management/treatment. All articles that provided information about OMT and advice met the inclusion criteria. Articles that did not report descriptions of manipulative intervention were excluded. Results Our search yielded 63 articles: 23 from the hand-search and 40 from the electronic search. No electronic source was selected for the review because none met inclusion criteria. A total of 16 articles from the hand-searched set met inclusion criteria and were analyzed according to the four main themes stated in the objective. The range of OMT approaches reported to be administered to patients with Spanish flu suggests that early osteopathic physicians treated patients with this disease using OMT in addition to offering advice on healthy lifestyle behaviors. Conclusion Conclusions from this study are limited by the historical and descriptive nature of the data gathered, which lacked the rigor of modern-day scientific studies. However, this review could lead to future research inquiries on the effectiveness of these approaches. Osteopathic physicians and osteopaths should embrace their historical osteopathic heritage by continuing the work of our predecessors and combining their hands-on experience and osteopathic principles with modern medical treatment and rigorous scientific standards.

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Petrova, G. V., I. M. Pushkarev, N. V. Savel′yeva, N. L. Solovey, E. E. Shiryayeva, and O. I. Yanushanets. "The osteopathic status specific of the practically healthy group of the military age male population." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3 (September 18, 2020): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2020-3-62-71.

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Introduction. Clinical assessment of a patient’s condition is traditionally based on comparing indicators characterizing the state of the body with the norm. In medicine, the understanding of the norm as a standard, a typical variant, as an ideal sample has become established. It is obvious that when studying mass phenomena, the norm is identified with the average variant. The osteopathic status of a healthy person has not yet been refl ected in scientific research, since in most cases people with specific complaints, long-established somatic dysfunctions (SD) and associated organic pathology come to an osteopathic doctor. In addition, due to the small spread of the «osteopathy» specialty in the field of compulsory health insurance, and the long duration of each appointment with a specialist, the number of people who have gone through an osteopathic examination is relatively small. Accordingly, there is a problem of assessing the osteopathic status (OS) on a fairly representative sample of conditionally healthy people. To solve this problem, it is advisable to conduct an osteopathic examination of a large group of practically healthy population, and systematize the obtained data. The category of military personnel can be chosen as such a population group — these are practically healthy and already minimally examined people.The goal of research is to study the osteopathic status of the practically healthy group of men of military age, and to give a statistical assessment of the quantitative and qualitative diversity of the identified SD.Materials and methods. The study involved practically healthy men of military age — conscripts, in the number of 480 people. According to the developed protocol, anamneses were collected and medical documentations of the study participants were studied, and the presence of a history of chronic diseases, operations and injuries was recorded. The assessment of the osteopathic status was based on the results of a Global osteopathic examination, which was conducted in accordance with clinical recommendations. Statistical processing of the results was performed using generally accepted parametric and nonparametric methods.Results. The dominant regional (RSD) and local (LSD) somatic dysfunctions were identified in the examined group of military personnel: RSD — 4 % (region of the Dura mater); LSD — 96 %, including 37 % — visceral LSD, 35 % — LSD of the musculoskeletal system, 24 % — LSD of the head region. From 1 to 8 LSD was detected per soldier examined, (2,3 LSD per person in average). No global somatic dysfunctions were detected. An analysis of the injuries and surgeries in the anamnesis indicates that it contribute to the formation of dominant LSD of the musculoskeletal system and visceral organs.Conclusion. The conducted research allowed to establish that, despite the individual characteristics of development, a healthy person of military age of the surveyed group shows mainly local somatic dysfunctions. There is a statistically significant association between a burdened history (injuries and surgery) and osteopathic status. The use of osteopathic diagnostics allows to detect somatic dysfunctions which could potentially be a predictor of the formation of more serious diseases and conditions.

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Gevitz, Norman. "From “Doctor of Osteopathy” to “Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine”: A Title Change in the Push for Equality." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 114, no. 06 (June 2014): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2014.099.

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Eaton, Jeffrey A., Bruce P. Bates, and Frank H. Willard. "Osteopathic Medicine." Orthopaedic Nursing 10, no. 1 (January 1991): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006416-199101000-00010.

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Sciomachen, Paola, Chiara Arienti, Andrea Bergna, Carmine Castagna, Giacomo Consorti, Antonella Lotti, Christian Lunghi, Marco Tramontano, and Mauro Longobardi. "Core competencies in osteopathy: Italian register of osteopaths proposal." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 27 (March 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2018.02.001.

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Evren, Sevan, Andrew Yuzhong Bi, Shuchi Talwar, Andrew Yeh, and Howard Teitelbaum. "Doctors of osteopathic medicine (DO): a Canadian perspective." Canadian Medical Education Journal 5, no. 1 (December 17, 2014): e62-e64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36834/cmej.36622.

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Background: Doctors of osteopathic medicine (DO) are one of the fastest growing segments of health care professionals in the United States. Although Canada has taken significant leaps in the acknowledgment of US trained DOs, there continues to be a lack of understanding of the profession by Canadian trained physicians. In this article, we provide a brief overview of osteopathic medical education and training in the United States.Method: Current information of osteopathic training by American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM) and American Osteopathic Association (AOA) was presented. Data pertaining to Canadians enrolled in osteopathic colleges was compared with allopathic (MD) and international medical graduates (IMGs).Results: Doctors of osteopathic medicine programs provide an additional pathway for students interested in pursuing a medical education. Canadian applications to osteopathic colleges are expected to grow due to successful post-graduate US residency matching, increased difficulty of matriculating at Canadian medical schools, and a greater awareness of the profession in Canada.Conclusions: Given the increasing enrollment of Canadian students in US osteopathic medical schools, we expect that Canadian DOs will play a significant role in shaping health care in both the US and Canada.

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Anderson, Gail V. "Osteopathic emergency medicine." Annals of Emergency Medicine 43, no. 3 (March 2004): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.08.014.

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Cornall, Denise. "Textbook of pediatric osteopathy edition: translation of handbuch der padiatrischen Osteopathie." Manual Therapy 14, no. 6 (December 2009): e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2009.07.010.

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Meoli, Frederick G. "The Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensure Examination: A Paradigm For Assessing the Skill and Knowledge of Osteopathic Physicians." Journal of Medical Regulation 93, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-93.1.25.

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ABSTRACT Osteopathic Medicine was founded on the principles that the body possesses the inherent ability to heal itself, and that the musculoskeletal system has a significant impact on the homeostatic mechanisms that keep the body in health or in a state of wellness. Over the years, 23 schools of osteopathic medicine have been established to promote these principles. They have developed medical educational programs that produce well-trained osteopathic physicians to practice full, unrestricted medicine, including osteopathic manipulative therapy. In the early 1930s, the osteopathic profession recognized the need for a uniform licensure examination for osteopathic candidates who graduated from colleges of osteopathic medicine. This resulted in the establishment of the National Board of Examiners for Osteopathic Physicians in 1934. Since introducing its licensing examination in 1935, which utilized an essay type format, the National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners (NBOME) examination has evolved into the current three-level examination sequence in computer-based format, including a clinical skills examination (PE) administered to augment Level 2. This article is written to familiarize the licensing authorities and the public with the history and organizational structure of the NBOME, the content of the COMLEXUSA licensing examination, methods of design, standard setting, test construction, score reporting and administration, and the international recognition of the COMLEX-USA examination series.

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Cassileth, B. R. "Is Osteopathic Medicine "Alternative"?" JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 281, no. 20 (May 26, 1999): 1893—b—1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.20.1893-b.

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Rodos, J. Jerry. "Osteopathic medicine 1947–1987." Postgraduate Medicine 82, no. 3 (September 1987): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1987.11699952.

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O'Brien, John C. "J Martin Littlejohn (1865–1947) and James Buchan Littlejohn (1868–1947): Two distinct directions – Osteopathy and the birth of osteopathic medicine." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 23 (March 2017): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2016.08.002.

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Mims, Lisa D., Louise R. Wannamaker, and Lindsey C. Bressler. "Approaching the Single Accreditation System: Curricular Variation in Allopathic, Osteopathic, and Dually Accredited Family Medicine Residency Programs." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-14-00766.1.

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ABSTRACT Background With the approval of a single accreditation system for graduate medical education, allopathic and osteopathic residency programs are moving toward 1 set of accreditation standards, with full implementation planned for 2020. Minimal research has been done on the variations between allopathic and osteopathic family medicine (FM) residency programs. Objective The aim of this study was to examine variations in allopathic, osteopathic, and dually accredited FM programs, and to allow them to be addressed. Methods We collected information in July 2014 on faculty-to-resident ratio; number of half-days spent in clinic; and the months performing maternity, pediatric, and surgical care for each program from the American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians. Location and number of approved positions were also obtained. Data were compared between allopathic, osteopathic, and dually accredited programs. Results The number of approved positions was twice as large for allopathic and dually accredited FM programs (n = 24) compared to osteopathic programs (n = 12). Osteopathic FM programs offered 5 months of surgical training compared to 2 months in allopathic and dually accredited residencies, and resident stipends in osteopathic programs were about $2,000 lower than those in allopathic and dually accredited programs. All programs had similar faculty-to-resident ratios (1:2.8–3.3), and offered comparable months of maternity (3 months) and pediatric care (4 months) rotations. Conclusions Outpatient experiences appeared similar between all types of FM residency programs. Key differences included smaller program size and more months of surgical experience in osteopathic programs. These differences may become increasingly important as osteopathic programs strive to meet accreditation requirements.

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Kane, Mark. "Osteopathy." Complementary Therapies in Medicine 4, no. 4 (October 1996): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-2299(96)80082-3.

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Curtis Lake, Jonathan R. "Osteopathy." Complementary Therapies in Medicine 2, no. 3 (July 1994): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-2299(94)90112-0.

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Abbey, Hilary. "Assessing clinical competence in osteopathic education: Analysis of outcomes of different assessment strategies at the British School of Osteopathy." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 11, no. 4 (December 2008): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2008.08.032.

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Lucas, Nicholas P. "Osteopathy 2.0: Osteopathy and the new web." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 13, no. 1 (March 2010): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2010.01.002.

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Volokitin, Mikhail, and Pavan V. Ganapathiraju. "Osteopathic Philosophy and Manipulation Enhancement Program: Influence on Osteopathic Medical Students’ Interest in Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 117, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2017.006.

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Mikirtichan, G., D. Mokhov, I. Yushmanov, and A. Likhtshangof. "Ethical Issues in Osteopathic Physicians’ Activities. Information for Patients." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2017): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-1-2-16-19.

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An anonymous sociologic inquiry of 292 osteopathic physicians from 7 Russian cities and of a similar group of chiropractic physicians (control group) was held. 415 patients who received osteopathic medical care in St. Petersburg were interviewed. The speciﬁc character of osteopathic medicine requires doctor’s particular attention to the compliance with ethical standards. However, not all osteopathic physicians exactly follow the principles of medical ethics: only 69 % provide the patient the complete information about his/her disease. Half of patients said that doctors did not ask directly their permission to treat them. In general osteopathic physicians respect ethical standards more than chiropractic physicians. It seems useful for osteopathic and chiropractic physicians to undergo an extra training on medical ethics.

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Chin, Justin, Sarah Li, Gregory Yim, YaQun Arlene Zhou, Peter Justin Wan, Emily R. Dube, Mikhail Volokitin, Sonu Sahni, Mark A. Terrell, and Christine M. Lomiguen. "Perceptions of the osteopathic profession in New York City’s Chinese Communities." Family Medicine and Community Health 8, no. 1 (February 2020): e000248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2019-000248.

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess knowledge of and barriers to osteopathic medicine in Chinese immigrant communities in New York City (NYC).DesignA cross-sectional study was designed in which a culturally appropriate survey in Chinese and English versions was administered anonymously to measure immigrant perceptions and knowledge of osteopathic medicine.SettingData collection occurred in the municipal delineations for the Chinatown neighbourhood within the New York, New York borough of Manhattan.ParticipantsCommunity members were selected using convenience sampling from high-density areas to participate. Information gathered from the survey included demographics, education level, healthcare habits and knowledge of the osteopathic profession.Results120 surveys were conducted with 68 males and 52 females, with an average age=40. Respondents in the age range of 18–29 years, those with fluent English-language proficiency, and participants with graduate-level education status demonstrated a higher proportion of knowledge of osteopathic manipulative medicine and osteopathic physicians (doctors of osteopathic medicine) among the study variables.ConclusionCompared with research on the general US population, a general lack of knowledge of osteopathic medicine exists within NYC’s Chinese immigrant community. Although this difference may be ascribed to linguistics and ethnosociological factors, greater outreach and education is needed in urban minority communities to make immigrants aware of all healthcare resources available during the current shortage of US primary care physicians.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Osteopathic Medicine and Osteopathy'

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