Journal articles: 'Other-stereotypes'

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Copp, Laurel Archer. "Vacation … and other academic stereotypes." Journal of Professional Nursing 12, no. 4 (July 1996): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s8755-7223(96)80089-5.

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Peart, Kirandeep Kaur. "Stereotypes: Perceptions of the ‘other’ in Second Generation." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc.6.2.211_1.

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Ali, Anwer Jabbar. "Stereotypes of the Christian Citizen towards the other a Sample of Christian Citizens in Baghdad." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 6115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr2020421.

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Fedor, Cătălin-George. "Stereotypes and Prejudice in the Perception of the “Other”." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 149 (September 2014): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.257.

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Umphrey, Don, and Tom Robinson. "Negative Stereotypes Underlying Other-Person Perceptions of the Elderly." Educational Gerontology 33, no. 4 (March 19, 2007): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601270701198885.

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Rapti, Edmond, and Theodhori Karaj. "ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ETHNIC DISTANCE AND STEREOTYPES COMPARED WITH OTHER BALKAN NATIONS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 48, no. 1 (November 20, 2012): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/12.48.127.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the Albanian university students’ ethnic distance and the negative ethnic stereotypes compared with other ethnic groups in the Balkans. In addition, the study aims at determining the relationship between the ethnic distance and negative ethnic stereotypes. The sample of this study consists of 600 students selected at random in seven Albanian public universities. The instruments used in this study are a seven item ethnic distance scale for measuring the ethnic distance and a ten item scale for measuring ethnic stereotypes. The ethnic distance scale reliability coefficient is 0.76. The reliability coefficient for the ethnic stereotypes scale varies from 0.84 to 0.90. The descriptive statistics (mean - comparison) is used to describe the level of ethnic distance and ethnic stereotypes...Pearson Product-moment Correlations are used to identify the intensity and orientation of the relation between the ethnic distance and stereotyped attitudes. The study findings indicate that Albanian university students manifest high levels of ethnic stereotypes and ethnic distance compared with other Balkan ethnic groups, especially Serbs and Greeks. In line with the other research, the findings of the present study indicate that there is a positive relationship between the ethnic distance and negative ethnic stereotypes. Key words: Balkan ethnic groups, ethnic distance, ethnic stereotypes.

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Stojmenska-Elzeser, Sonja. "The Stereotypes of Other Slavic Peoples in Contemporary Macedonian Prose." Neohelicon 32, no. 1 (April 2005): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11059-005-0011-1.

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García-Yeste, Carme. "Overcoming Stereotypes Through the Other Women’s Communicative Daily Life Stories." Qualitative Inquiry 20, no. 7 (June 16, 2014): 923–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800414537218.

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Vossler, Jane M. "Beyond Stereotypes: Books about other Cultures for Middle School Readers." Middle School Journal 28, no. 3 (January 1997): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00940771.1997.11494454.

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Contreras, Juan Manuel, Mahzarin R. Banaji, and Jason P. Mitchell. "Dissociable neural correlates of stereotypes and other forms of semantic knowledge." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7, no. 7 (September 9, 2011): 764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsr053.

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Scott, Thomas J. "Student Perceptions of the Developing World: Minimizing Stereotypes of the “Other”." Social Studies 90, no. 6 (November 1999): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00377999909602428.

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Comunello, Francesca, Mireia Fernández Ardèvol, Simone Mulargia, and Francesca Belotti. "Women, youth and everything else: age-based and gendered stereotypes in relation to digital technology among elderly Italian mobile phone users." Media, Culture & Society 39, no. 6 (October 20, 2016): 798–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443716674363.

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In the context of an international research project on older people’s relations with and through mobile telephony, Italian participants spontaneously provided narrations on mobile phones that appeared to be structured around strong stereotypes. Respondents show a twofold representation of mobile phones either as a simple communication tool or as a ‘hi-tech’ device, which generates multifaceted stereotypes. More specifically, when the mobile phone is considered as a simple communication tool, age-based stereotypes address younger people’s bad manners, while gendered stereotypes depict women as ‘chatterboxes’ or ‘social groomers’. On the other hand, when the mobile phone is considered a ‘hi-tech’ device, age-based stereotypes underline younger people’s advanced user skills, while gendered stereotypes focus on women’s lack of competencies. Based on that, we provide a conceptual framework for analysing such stereotyped – and apparently conflicting – representations. Interestingly, while some issues also emerged in other countries, the masculine assumption that women are less-skilled mobile phone users appears as a peculiarity of Italian respondents.

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Djeric, Gordana. "Silent and a audible stereotypes: The constitution of "ethnic character" in Serbian epic poetry." Filozofija i drustvo, no. 26 (2005): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid0526105d.

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The article deals with the explanatory relevance of the concept of stereotype in one of its original meanings - as a "mental image". This meaning of the term is the starting point for further differentiations, such as: between linguistic and behavioral stereotypes (in the sense of nonverbal, expected responses); universal and particular stereotypes; self representative and introspective stereotypes; permanent and contemporary stereotypes; and finally, what is most important for our purposes, the difference between silent and audible stereotypes. These distinctions, along with the functions of stereotype, are discussed in the first part of the paper. In the second part, the relations of silent and audible stereotypes are tested against the introduction of "innovative vocabularies" in popular lore. In other words, the explanatory power of this differentiation is checked through an analysis of unconventional motives in Serbian epic poems. The goal of the argument is to clarify the procedure of self creation of masculinity as a relevant feature of the "national character" through "tactic games" of silent and audible stereotypes. The examination of these "poetic strategies" serves a twofold purpose: to illustrate the process of constructing particular features of the "ethno type", on one hand, and to check hypotheses and models which are taken as frameworks in analyzing stereotypes, on the other.

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Xu, Ruochuan. "Roman Conception of Self and Others." Review of European Studies 10, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v10n4p139.

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This paper discusses ancient Romans’ auto-stereotypes and hetero-stereotypes, which are respectively the way they identify themselves and other peoples. Organized thematically, the sections center around the thesis that stereotypes were influenced by and in turn influenced Rome’s historical development. They unfold to address virtus and benevolent conqueror as two major auto-stereotypes and Greeks as a major group to which major hetero-stereotypes direct. The essay refers to primary texts in an attempt to reveal the psychology behind stereotypes, and points out their dynamic nature. Its major arguments are that virtus and the conception of justice in conquests both have stabilizing effects on Rome’s politics; the evolution of Roman view towards Greece reflects manipulation of individuals as well as historical contexts.

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Fleischer, Hannes. "Stereotypes in Services - A Systematic Literature Review to Move from Scattered Insights to Generalizable Knowledge." Journal of Service Management Research 4, no. 4 (2020): 216–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/2511-8676-2020-4-216.

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Over the last 40 years, the impact of stereotypes in a service context has been investigated repeatedly, as stereotypes can have a strong influence on interactions during the service encounter. The many academic studies analysed various stereotypes, took a customer or employee perspective, investigated attitudinal or behavioural outcomes before and after an interaction and found both positive and negative effects of stereotypes. Thus, a synthesis of research is needed that integrates existing knowledge to clarify what researchers have learnt about stereotypes in services. The main contribution of our research is to aggregate and categorise the highly specialized findings that exist on specific stereotypes and thus make the current knowledge more generalisable. The results of our study reveal that a strong focus on customer stereotypes regarding employees exists, but other stereotype constellations are less often investigated. Similarly, the investigation of more subtle stereotype triggers and the consideration of contextual factors should receive more attention. Finally, even as we identified meaningful managerial implications to address the consequences of stereotypes, academic papers need to include a practitioner’s perspective more consequently.

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Grigoryan, Lusine, Xuechunzi Bai, Federica Durante, Susan T. Fiske, Marharyta Fabrykant, Anna Hakobjanyan, Nino Javakhishvili, et al. "Stereotypes as Historical Accidents: Images of Social Class in Postcommunist Versus Capitalist Societies." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 46, no. 6 (October 15, 2019): 927–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167219881434.

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Stereotypes are ideological and justify the existing social structure. Although stereotypes persist, they can change when the context changes. Communism’s rise in Eastern Europe and Asia in the 20th century provides a natural experiment examining social-structural effects on social class stereotypes. Nine samples from postcommunist countries ( N = 2,241), compared with 38 capitalist countries ( N = 4,344), support the historical, sociocultural rootedness of stereotypes. More positive stereotypes of the working class appear in postcommunist countries, both compared with other social groups in the country and compared with working-class stereotypes in capitalist countries; postcommunist countries also show more negative stereotypes of the upper class. We further explore whether communism’s ideological legacy reflects how societies infer groups’ stereotypic competence and warmth from structural status and competition. Postcommunist societies show weaker status–competence relations and stronger (negative) competition–warmth relations; respectively, the lower meritocratic beliefs and higher priority of embeddedness as ideological legacies may shape these relationships.

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Dworak, Janusz. "Stereotypes as a barrier to sustainable growth (in search of other solutions)." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2017, no. 104 (2017): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2017.104.14.

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Conway, Michael, M. Teresa Pizzamiglio, and Lauren Mount. "Status, communality, and agency: Implications for stereotypes of gender and other groups." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 71, no. 1 (1996): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.1.25.

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Westbrook, Mary T. "PROFESSIONAL STEREOTYPES: HOW OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS AND NURSES PERCEIVE THEMSELVES AND EACH OTHER." Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 25, no. 4 (August 27, 2010): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.1978.tb00668.x.

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AMANATULLAH, EMILY T. "NEGOTIATING GENDER STEREOTYPES: OTHER-ADVOCACY REDUCES SOCIAL CONSTRAINTS ON WOMEN IN NEGOTIATIONS." Academy of Management Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (August 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2008.33650222.

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Meconi, Federica, Jeroen Vaes, and Paola Sessa. "On the neglected role of stereotypes in empathy toward other-race pain." Social Neuroscience 10, no. 1 (September 2, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2014.954731.

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Ladegaard, Hans J. "Stereotypes and the discursive accomplishment of intergroup differentiation." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.21.1.05lad.

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This article analyzes how employees in a global business organization talk about their colleagues in other countries. Employees were asked to discuss their work practices in focus group settings, and give examples of how they experience ‘the other’. Using Discursive Psychology and Politeness Theory as the analytic approaches, the article analyzes pieces of discourse to disclose social psychological phenomena such as group identity, intergroup differentiation, and stereotypes. The analyses show that talking about ‘the other’ is potentially face-threatening, and mitigating discourse features are used repeatedly to soften the criticism. We also see how uncovering stereotypes is a mutual accomplishment in the group, and how group members gradually move from relatively innocent to blatantly negative outgroup stereotypes. The analyses also show that participants engage in meta-reflections on the nature of stereotypes, which may serve as another mitigating device, and that talk about ‘the other’ is used to create intergroup differentiation. Finally, the article discusses the implications of these findings for cross-cultural communication and work practices in organizations.

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Reyna, Christine, Mark Brandt, and G. Tendayi Viki. "Blame It on Hip-Hop: Anti-Rap Attitudes as a Proxy for Prejudice." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 12, no. 3 (April 17, 2009): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430209102848.

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This research investigated the stereotypes associated with rap music and hip-hop culture, and how those stereotypes may influence anti-Black attitudes and justifications for discrimination. In three studies—using a representative sample from America, as well as samples from two different countries—we found that negative stereotypes about rap are pervasive and have powerful consequences. In all three samples, negative attitudes toward rap were associated with various measures of negative stereotypes of Blacks that blamed Blacks for their economic plights (via stereotypes of laziness). Anti-rap attitudes were also associated with discrimination against Blacks, through both personal and political behaviors. In both American samples, the link between anti-rap attitudes and discrimination was partially or fully mediated by stereotypes that convey Blacks' responsibility. This legitimizing pattern was not found in the UK sample, suggesting that anti-rap attitudes are used to reinforce beliefs that Blacks do not deserve social benefits in American society, but may not be used as legitimizing beliefs in other cultures.

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Useinov, Timur Bekirovich. "Ethnocultural stereotypes of the Steppe Crimean Tatars and Dobruja Tatars based on proverbs of the turn of XIX and XX centuries." Филология: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.1.31971.

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This article conduct an analysis of ethnocultural stereotypes of the Steppe Crimean Tatars and Dobruja (Romanian) Tatars based on proverbs of the turn of XIX and XX centuries. The subject of this research became the Kipchak Crimean Tatar paremiological fund of that period. The goal consists in an accurate, tolerant elucidation of the topic. Initially, the stereotypes are divided into auto-stereotypes, which is an outlook upon the own ethnic group; and hetero-stereotypes, which is the representations on a neighboring ethnos. The first ones, being an inseparable part of national identity, are prone to exaggeration of merits of their ethnos and carry a complementary character. This fact impedes a realistic assessment of the merits of neighboring ethnos, which is compared to the own in accordance with cultural values. The determined differences serve as a foundation for hetero-stereotypes, which usually belittle the positive sides of the other national portrait. The scientific novelty consists in examination of ethnocultural stereotypes based on proverbs of the turn of XIX and XX centuries. Which contributed to fuller understanding of the mentality of Crimean Tatars and Dobruja (Romanian) Tatars being a diaspora of Crimean Tatar ethnos. Paremiological material allowed dividing the stereotypes into auto-stereotypes and hetero-stereotypes. The research results offered an opportunity to determine and explore the ethnic composition of Crimean Peninsula of the turn of XIX and XX centuries.

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Alaminos Fernández, Paloma, and Antonio Francisco Alaminos Fernández. "Ethnocentrism and Cultural Stereotypes of Muslims in Spain." OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales 15, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/obets2020.15.1.01.

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This research studies the relationship between ethnocentrism and Muslim stereotypes in Spain. Stereotypes are defined as positive or negative orientations related to attributes associated with an image of Muslims. After considering the application of a latent variable or a cumulative scale, we chose the latter in order to minimize the effect of missing values. The two strategies (that measure positive or negative stereotypes) are consistent with each other and express complementary measurements. By specifying and adjusting a structural model, we established an empirical relationship between ethnocentrism and stereotypes, controlling for the effect of gender, age, education, income, political ideology, and habitat size. We conclude that there is a direct effect of age and educational level as explanatory variables of ethnocentric feeling, as well as gender, ideological position and habitat size with respect to the presence of positive stereotypes.

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Zlociak, Marcin. "Prejudices and stereotypes in interpersonal relations of members of informal groups." Osvitolohiya, no. 7 (2018): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2226-3012.2018.7.116124.

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Prejudices and stereotypes are present in the lives of each of us. Some of people are not even aware that they have fallen into a trap of stereotypical thinking. This article aims to present theoretical issues related to prejudices and stereotypes, what was done in the first part. There definitions of prejudices and stereotypes were explained. There were shown sources of prejudices and stereotypes, also their functions. In the second part were shown methodological issues of own researches. For the purpose of article, the goal of research was defined and this goal was getting to know opinions of members of informal groups about prejudices and stereotypes in their relationships with other people. In the following research problems were formulated and research hypotheses were set up. Then research sample was specified. Next step was verification of previously made hypotheses and making a summary of the obtained results of researches.

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Hoenselaars, Ton. "The other in the mirror : prejudice and stereotypes on the English Renaissance stage." Cahiers Charles V 24, no. 1 (1998): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cchav.1998.1207.

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Calafat, A., N. T. Blay, K. Hughes, M. Bellis, M. Juan, M. Duch, and A. Kokkevi. "Nightlife young risk behaviours in Mediterranean versus other European cities: are stereotypes true?" European Journal of Public Health 21, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq141.

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Kyridis, Argyris, Sophia Anastasiadou, Nektaria Daskalaki, Nektaria Palaiologou, and Paraskevi Golia. "What Greek Pupils Believe about People from Other Countries: Social and Cultural Stereotypes." International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities, and Nations: Annual Review 5, no. 2 (2006): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v05i02/38903.

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Drace‐Francis, Alex. "Inventing the Jew. Antisemitic Stereotypes in Romanian and Other Central‐East European Cultures." East European Jewish Affairs 39, no. 3 (December 2009): 410–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501670903298385.

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Novikov, Alexey L., and Irina A. Novikova. "Ethnic Stereotypes in Intercultural Communication: Psychological and Semantic Aspects." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 10, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 977–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2019-10-4-977-989.

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Currently, ethnic stereotypes are considered as phenomena that mediate the processes of intercultural perception, dialogue and interaction. This fact determines the relevance of it comprehensive interdisciplinary study by different sciences (sociology, political science, psychology, linguistics, etc.). In this article, ethnic stereotypes are analyzed, firstly, at the psychological level (types, functions, structure), and secondly, at the psycholinguistic and psychosemantic levels (from the point of view of the rationale for it diagnosis with using the semantic differential). The possibilities of the semantic differential for studying the content, consistency, direction and intensity of social stereotypes in general, as well as the method modifications for diagnosis ethnic stereotypes, are examined. The heuristic potential of semantic differential for diagnosing ethnic stereotypes as phenomena, on the one hand, reflecting various aspects of intercultural perception and dialogue, and, on the other hand, directly affecting the intercultural interaction, is shown on the example of empirical studies on ethnic stereotypes in the intercultural communication context. The results of ethnic stereotypes studies are of high practical importance for the development of programs for increase intercultural competence, which are in demand in various areas of modern society in the face of e globalization and the growth of intercultural contacts (education, business, tourism, etc.).

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Kruger, E. "Imagologie en die bestudering van literêre stereotipes in die onderrig van Afrikaans as addisionele taal." Literator 23, no. 3 (August 6, 2002): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v23i3.350.

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Imagology and the study of literary stereotypes in die teaching of Afrikaans as additional language Imagology is the study of national and ethnic stereotypes as represented in literature. These stereotypes are represented in literary images of identity and alterity when intercultural contact is portrayed in texts. The main concepts of Imagology are discussed to provide educators with a scientific framework in the teaching of Afrikaans as additional language, with specific reference to literature teaching. Learners from various cultural backgrounds bring with them their own stereotypes. Studying literary youth texts that portray images of national stereotypes can facilitate the process of intercultural understanding and reconciliation. Learners can be exposed to the representation of Self and Other in prescribed Afrikaans literary texts without their self-image being threatened, yet discovering the relativity of values, and learning respect for their own culture as well as for that of the target language. The background, scientific approach and principles of Imagology are described, as well as important concepts. By using Imagology as a literary tool in studying Afrikaans texts in the additional language classroom, literature teaching will include looking at the narrative and functions of youth literature to discern psychological and ideological focalisation, together with its influence on negative and positive representations of Self and Other.

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Braithwaite, Valerie, Diane Gibson, and Jacqueline Holman. "Age Stereotyping: Are We Oversimplifying the Phenomenon?" International Journal of Aging and Human Development 22, no. 4 (June 1986): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/q2tm-b9v7-hdbd-6x6h.

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This study investigates the use of age stereotypes in evaluating individuals' behavior in context-specific situations. One hundred university students assessed young male, young female, old male, and old female characters in four vignettes using the Rosencranz and McNevin Semantic Differential. The data revealed limited but conflicting evidence of the use of stereotypes when the stimuli portrayed target characters in lifelike situations rather than in an experimental vacuum. It is argued that while stereotyping can occur in specific contexts, its form is greatly influenced by other aspects of the situation. The need to reconceptualize the notion of stereotypes of the elderly is discussed, and a shift in emphasis toward the analysis of subgroup stereotypes as opposed to one consistent global stereotype of old age is urged.

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Romanenko, Olena. "Portrait of Poles and Lithuanians through Students’ Eyes." Zoon Politikon 11 (2020): 281–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543408xzop.20.010.13224.

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The article provides a brief historical background of Polish-Lithuanian stereotypes and provides the results of sociological research, which was carried out at the Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania. The main tasks of the article are to examine Polish and Lithuanian characters, their mutual relations and relations to other people, their attitudes to material goods and to their homeland. The author tried to define "How Lithuanians refer to themselves and to Poles". The results of the research are divided into two parts. The first describes Lithuanian autostereotypes and stereotypes about Lithuanians. The second part provides data about actual Lithuanian stereotypes about Poles. As a result of the research, we confirmed most of the "classical stereotypes" about the two nations, but also found the new ones.

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Finchilescu, Gillian. "Meta-Stereotypes May Hinder Inter-Racial Contact." South African Journal of Psychology 35, no. 3 (September 2005): 460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630503500305.

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Avoidance of intergroup contact occurs not only as a result of prejudice, but also for a myriad of other reasons. Intergroup anxiety has been hypothesised as one central explanatory factor for informal segregation. In this article, Stephan and Stephan's (1985) model of the antecedents and consequences of intergroup anxiety is discussed in the context of the South African situation. The concept of meta-stereotypes is also introduced and proposed as an important contributor to intergroup anxiety. Meta-stereotypes, in interaction with other intergroup attitudes, may act as a barrier or facilitator to intergroup mixing.

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Diabah, Grace. "The representation of women in Ghanaian radio commercials: Sustaining or challenging gender stereotypes?" Language in Society 48, no. 2 (November 21, 2018): 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404518001343.

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AbstractThe relationship between gender and advertising has been discussed extensively. Scholarly works have often emanated from the West and have principally centred on visual advertisements, rather than radio (which plays a critical role in the lives of many Africans). Most of these studies have centred on how women are represented in traditionally stereotyped ways. However, recent studies have shown decreases in these stereotypes as ways of responding to changes in gender roles. But do gender-related adverts from Africa reflect the changing statuses and roles of African women (some of which challenge traditional gender stereotypes)? This article investigates how women are represented in Ghanaian radio commercials and indicates whether such representations reproduce, reinforce, or challenge feminine practices. An analysis of thirty-seven gender-related adverts reveals that, although women are rarely represented as challenging gender stereotypes, they are sometimes represented as using certain traditionally stereotyped roles as sources of ‘power’ to challenge other stereotypes. (Advertising, gender stereotypes, women, radio, Ghana, ideals of femininity)*

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Prinsloo, Casper H. "The Tenacity of Sex-Role Stereotypes." South African Journal of Psychology 22, no. 2 (June 1992): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639202200206.

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The Feminist Movement, technological developments and economic changes have led to sex-role confusion. This confusion has influenced thinking about sex-role identity and sex-role stereotypes, which are also seen as a form of prejudice. Counsellors, therapists, theologians, employers, spouses and others are regularly confronted by this confusion. South African sex-role stereotypes have never been assessed nor have they been compared with findings from studies in other cultures. Following a careful conceptualization, a theoretical exposition and an overview of existing instruments and research results, data on local sex-role stereotypes were collected by means of a postal survey in order to establish a baseline of the stereotypical nature and social desirability of 171 characteristics. This information is necessary for the construction of a local sex-role identity scale. The findings indicated that local stereotypes are similar to those found in 25 cultures abroad, although African and western respondents evaluated certain stereotypes differently. The implications of the findings are considered.

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Couto, Clara de Paula, and Klaus Rothermund. "DO NOT BECOME A BURDEN: ACTIVATION AND DISENGAGEMENT PRESCRIPTIVE AGE STEREOTYPES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2751.

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Abstract Prescriptive age stereotypes encompass activation (active-aging) and disengagement expectations (succession-consumption-identity). We investigated whether activation and disengagement represent opposite stereotypes or whether they exemplify the overarching norm that older adults should not become a burden to other people and society. Based on data of the Ageing-as-Future project (N=743 German participants, 40-90 years old) our findings support the idea that activation and disengagement represent a single superordinate prescriptive age stereotype: (a) items assessing prescriptive age stereotypes form a single factor comprising activation and disengagement, (b) activation and disengagement show an increase in the strength of personal endorsement over the lifespan, demonstrating an internalization of these stereotypes as people become older, and (c) relations to reference variables show that internalized prescriptive stereotypes are more strongly associated with preparation for age-related changes, reflecting an internalization of the norm that one should take individual responsibility for their age rather than enjoying life in old age.

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Reyes, Angela. "Asian American stereotypes as circulating resource." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 14, no. 2-3 (June 1, 2004): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.14.2-3.04rey.

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Drawing on theories and methods in linguistic anthropology, this paper examines the ways in which circulating stereotypes of Asian Americans emerge as resources in conversations among Asian Americans. Specifically, this paper analyzes two video-recorded interactions at a videomaking project in Philadelphia’s Chinatown to trace how Asian American teen participants invoke Asian American stereotypes, orient to them in various ways, and reappropriate them to: 1) position the self and other relative to stereotypes; 2) construct stereotyping as an oppressive practice to resist or as an interactional resource to celebrate; and 3) bring about interactional effects from widely circulating stereotypes (e.g., Asian storeowner) that are different from those from locally circulating typifications (e.g., Asian minivan driver), what I call widespread typifications and local typifications, respectively. By interrogating the very notion of stereotype as a performative resource, this paper illustrates how Asian American stereotypes can be creatively reappropriated by Asian American teens to accomplish meaningful social actions.

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Weiss, David, and Anna E. Kornadt. "Age-Stereotype Internalization and Dissociation: Contradictory Processes or Two Sides of the Same Coin?" Current Directions in Psychological Science 27, no. 6 (October 19, 2018): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721418777743.

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There is overwhelming evidence that age stereotypes have systematic effects on older adults’ development. Regarding the direction of these effects, two seemingly opposing phenomena can be observed. On the one hand, it has been shown that older adults engage in self-stereotyping and assimilate their self-views and behavior to commonly held age stereotypes, a process described as stereotype internalization. On the other hand, there is considerable evidence for age-group dissociation, showing that when confronted with negative age stereotypes, older adults tend to distance and dissociate themselves from this negative stereotype. In addition to reviewing evidence for both processes and their respective adaptivity, we propose an integrated model of age-stereotype internalization and dissociation to explain when and why older adults internalize or dissociate from negative age stereotypes.

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Hummert, Mary Lee. "Physiognomic Cues to Age and the Activation of Stereotypes of the Elderly in Interaction." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 39, no. 1 (July 1994): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/6ef6-p8pf-yp6f-vpy4.

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This article reports the results of a study on the relationship between physiognomic cues to age and the activation of positive versus negative stereotypes of elderly individuals in interaction. Predictions were based upon a model of the role of elderly stereotypes in interaction. One group of undergraduates sorted photographs of elderly adults into four age categories, fifty-five to sixty-four, sixty-five to seventy-four, seventy-five and older, and other. Those photographs that were placed in the same age category by two-thirds or more of the students were used as a pool for the second phase of the study. This process produced a set of twenty-four photographs, eight (4 male and 4 female) from each of the three elderly age groups. A second group of students paired these photographs with sets of traits describing ten stereotypes of elderly persons, some positive and some negative. Results indicated that, as predicted by the stereotype-communication model, participants associated the positive stereotypes of elderly individuals with young-old physiognomic characteristics, whereas they associated the negative ones with old-old physiognomy. The results also suggested that gender may be a component of some stereotypes, and that some physiognomic characteristics may be considered prototypical of particular stereotypes. These results illustrate the importance of passive nonverbal elements of the communication situation in the activation of stereotypes of elderly individuals in interaction.

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Nasir, Na’ilah Suad, Maxine McKinney de Royston, Kathleen O’Connor, and Sarah Wischnia. "Knowing About Racial Stereotypes Versus Believing Them." Urban Education 52, no. 4 (November 9, 2016): 491–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085916672290.

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Despite post-racial rhetoric, stereotypes remain salient for American youth. We surveyed 150 elementary and middle schoolers in Northern California and conducted case studies of 12 students. Findings showed that (a) students hold school-related stereotypes that get stronger in middle school, (b) African American and Latino students experience greater divergence between stereotype awareness about their group and endorsement than other students, and (c) students who eschewed the applicability of stereotypes to them demonstrated higher engagement and achievement in math. This study has implications for studying race in schools and mathematics, and the need for urban educators to facilitate racialized counter-narratives.

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Asbrock, Frank. "Stereotypes of Social Groups in Germany in Terms of Warmth and Competence." Social Psychology 41, no. 2 (January 2010): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000011.

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The stereotype content model says that warmth and competence are fundamental dimensions of social judgment. This brief report analyzes the cultural stereotypes of relevant social groups in a German student sample (N = 82). In support of the model, stereotypes of 29 societal groups led to five stable clusters of differing warmth and competence evaluations. As expected, clusters cover all four possible combinations of warmth and competence. The study also reports unique findings for the German context, for example, similarities between the perceptions of Turks and other foreigners. Moreover, it points to different stereotypes of lesbians and gay men.

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Harper, Shaun R. "Black Male College Achievers and Resistant Responses to Racist Stereotypes at Predominantly White Colleges and Universities." Harvard Educational Review 85, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 646–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/0017-8055.85.4.646.

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In this article, Shaun R. Harper investigates how Black undergraduate men respond to and resist the internalization of racist stereotypes at predominantly White colleges and universities. Prior studies consistently show that racial stereotypes are commonplace on many campuses, that their effects are usually psychologically and academically hazardous, and that Black undergraduate men are often among the most stereotyped populations in higher education and society. The threat of confirming stereotypes has been shown to undermine academic performance and persistence for Blacks and other minoritized students. To learn more about those who succeed in postsecondary contexts where they are routinely stereotyped, Harper conducted interviews with Black male achievers at thirty predominantly White colleges and universities. His findings show that these undergraduate men were frequently confronted with stereotypes but succeeded in resisting them through their campus leadership roles, their engagement in student organizations, and their use of a three-step strategic redirection process. Communication and confrontation skills acquired through out-of-class engagement enabled participants to effectively resist the harmful threat of racial stereotypes encountered in classrooms.

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Sánchez-Junquera, Javier, Berta Chulvi, Paolo Rosso, and Simone Paolo Ponzetto. "How Do You Speak about Immigrants? Taxonomy and StereoImmigrants Dataset for Identifying Stereotypes about Immigrants." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 3610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083610.

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Stereotype is a type of social bias massively present in texts that computational models use. There are stereotypes that present special difficulties because they do not rely on personal attributes. This is the case of stereotypes about immigrants, a social category that is a preferred target of hate speech and discrimination. We propose a new approach to detect stereotypes about immigrants in texts focusing not on the personal attributes assigned to the minority but in the frames, that is, the narrative scenarios, in which the group is placed in public speeches. We have proposed a fine-grained social psychology grounded taxonomy with six categories to capture the different dimensions of the stereotype (positive vs. negative) and annotated a novel StereoImmigrants dataset with sentences that Spanish politicians have stated in the Congress of Deputies. We aggregate these categories in two supracategories: one is Victims that expresses the positive stereotypes about immigrants and the other is Threat that expresses the negative stereotype. We carried out two preliminary experiments: first, to evaluate the automatic detection of stereotypes; and second, to distinguish between the two supracategories of immigrants’ stereotypes. In these experiments, we employed state-of-the-art transformer models (monolingual and multilingual) and four classical machine learning classifiers. We achieve above 0.83 of accuracy with the BETO model in both experiments, showing that transformers can capture stereotypes about immigrants with a high level of accuracy.

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Schuiz, Richard, and Sabine Fritz. "Origins of stereotypes of the elderly: An experimental study of the self-other discrepancy." Experimental Aging Research 13, no. 4 (December 1987): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610738708259324.

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Jiménez-Esquinas, Guadalupe. "“This is not only about culture”: on tourism, gender stereotypes and other affective fluxes." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 25, no. 3 (September 7, 2016): 311–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1206109.

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Motley, Carol M., and Vanessa Gail Perry. "Living on the Other Side of the Tracks: An Investigation of Public Housing Stereotypes." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 32, no. 1_suppl (April 2013): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jppm.12.029.

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Bai, Xuechunzi, Miguel R. Ramos, and Susan T. Fiske. "As diversity increases, people paradoxically perceive social groups as more similar." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 23 (May 20, 2020): 12741–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000333117.

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With globalization and immigration, societal contexts differ in sheer variety of resident social groups. Social diversity challenges individuals to think in new ways about new kinds of people and where their groups all stand, relative to each other. However, psychological science does not yet specify how human minds represent social diversity, in homogeneous or heterogenous contexts. Mental maps of the array of society’s groups should differ when individuals inhabit more and less diverse ecologies. Nonetheless, predictions disagree on how they should differ. Confirmation bias suggests more diversity means more stereotype dispersion: With increased exposure, perceivers’ mental maps might differentiate more among groups, so their stereotypes would spread out (disperse). In contrast, individuation suggests more diversity means less stereotype dispersion, as perceivers experience within-group variety and between-group overlap. Worldwide, nationwide, individual, and longitudinal datasets (n= 12,011) revealed a diversity paradox: More diversity consistently meant less stereotype dispersion. Both contextual and perceived ethnic diversity correlate with decreased stereotype dispersion. Countries and US states with higher levels of ethnic diversity (e.g., South Africa and Hawaii, versus South Korea and Vermont), online individuals who perceive more ethnic diversity, and students who moved to more ethnically diverse colleges mentally represent ethnic groups as more similar to each other, on warmth and competence stereotypes. Homogeneity shows more-differentiated stereotypes; ironically, those with the least exposure have the most-distinct stereotypes. Diversity means less-differentiated stereotypes, as in the melting pot metaphor. Diversity and reduced dispersion also correlate positively with subjective wellbeing.

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Elmgren, Ainur. "Visual Stereotypes of Tatars in the Finnish Press from the 1880s to the 1910s." Studia Orientalia Electronica 8, no. 2 (May 13, 2020): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23993/store.82942.

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Visual stereotypes constitute a set of tropes through which the Other is described and depicted to anaudience, who perhaps never will encounter the individuals that those tropes purport to represent.Upon the arrival of Muslim Tatar traders in Finland in the late nineteenth century, newspapers andsatirical journals utilized visual stereotypes to identify the new arrivals and draw demarcation linesbetween them and what was considered “Finnish”. The Tatars arrived during a time of tension inthe relationship between the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland and the Russian Empire, withthe Finnish intelligentsia divided along political and language lines. Stereotypical images of Tatarpedlars were used as insults against political opponents within Finland and as covert criticism ofthe policies of the Russian Empire. Stereotypes about ethnic and religious minorities like the Tatarsfulfilled a political need for substitute enemy images; after Finland became independent in 1917,these visual stereotypes almost disappeared.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Other-stereotypes'

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