Dissertations / Theses: 'Otherness (Alterity)'

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Davis, Claire. "Embracing alterity : rethinking female otherness in contemporary cinema." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54684.

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The Other operates as a figure of inherent transgression: A manifestation of the repressions necessary for the sustenance of dominant ideology. As the Other lurches in from the sidelines to threaten and frighten before being neutralized through assimilation or death, dominant ideology is upheld and confirmed by being set against the abnormality and monstrosity of difference. In feminist film theory, otherness has been foundational as a means of describing women’s marginalization within patriarchal society. Where Man is constructed as subject, Woman is constructed as Other. As such, the female Other tells us far more about patriarchal constructions of Woman than it does about female subjects in the world. Feminist film theory demonstrates a pronounced investment in the need for spectatorial identification with female characters, conflating the roles occupied by character and person, and thus the female Other has traditionally been theorized as staunchly misogynistic—the embodiment of patriarchal and phallic fears of female monstrosity and lack. Against this tradition, I propose that the female Other is not always and necessarily an anti-feminist figure. Iterations of the Other that foreground character opacity and thus disrupt empathetic and identificatory methods of spectatorship productively disturb processes of ideological comfort. By refusing to subject the Other to an epistemological narrative structure, one which poses the female Other as mystery to be demystified, and by denying a resolution that destroys the Other and thus the threat that they represent, the films analyzed in this thesis demand an alternative methodology to account for the radical alterity of the female Other. The two case studies offered in support of this thesis are the melancholic Other, with the example of Justine in Melancholia (von Trier 2011) and the posthuman Other, as exemplified in Under the Skin (Glazer 2013) and Ex Machina (Garland 2015). Rather than occupying the traditional role of the female Other as monster, these characters threaten the integrity of the human precisely because of their revelation of the human monstrosity that lies at the heart of patriarchal masculinity.
Arts, Faculty of
Theatre and Film, Department of
Graduate

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Lockwood, Alex. "The Stuff of Dreams: Alterity and Sovereignty as Generative Performance Framework." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2177.

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This thesis works as a means for exploring the role of dreams and otherness within performance practice. By building upon the work of French intellectual Georges Bataille, I work to propose a method by which dreams may be incorporated through a phenomenological lens intended to invite openness to interpretation as a means of engaging the otherness of the audience. To aid in this theoretical aim, I highlight In Quiet Search of a Universal Gesture (a show featured in the Marion Kleinau Theatre directed by myself and Jason Hedrick) as an example of dream art as a means of exploring otherness.

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Grassom, Brian James. "Art as a narrative of alterity : Part 1, Prolegomenon, appendices, and bibliography ; Part 2, Books." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/468.

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There is a close relationship between art and philosophy. From time to time, philosophy attempts to make art its theme. Invariably it has to acknowledge the very qualities of art that it seeks to explain - art’s elusiveness and its indeterminateness. On the other hand, it is the nature of art to philosophise within itself, about itself, and about the world. In this sense it operates as tacit philosophy. The language of art and the language of philosophy differ in form; but recent turns in philosophy have led to the expression of its truth in terms that transcend language and question its own epistemic structure. At the same time, art has always acknowledged its approach to ‘truth’ and ‘knowledge’ as being ‘other’ to that epistemology. This ‘otherness’ to traditional ways of knowing is recognised in philosophical discourse as ‘alterity’. The thesis posits that in art alterity has always been, and remains, tacit and integral to art’s being. Thus, by exploring the ways in which – through alterity – art and philosophy intersect and interweave, the thesis aims to reveal a new kind of knowledge that transcends the rational and the empirical but is nonetheless not only valid, but of the very highest integrity. That knowledge is transmitted through a particular critical and creative approach to philosophy and to art that opens the possibility of the ‘event’ of Alterity. The thesis uses a discourse of philosophy and critical theory to reveal Alterity in philosophy, principally through the work of Derrida, Heidegger, Adorno, and Levinas; Alterity in art through the works of Fra Angelico, Pollock, Fantin-Latour, Malevich, Vermeer, and Saitowitz; and Alterity in my own art practice through a set of six sculptures.

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Schwartz, Melissa Rachel. "The Language of Ethical Encounter: Levinas, Otherness, and Contemporary Poetry." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78359.

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According to philosopher, Emmanuel Levinas, alterity can exist only in its infinite and fluid nature in which the aspects of it that exceed the human ability to fully understand it remain unthematized in language. Levinas sees the encounter between self and other as the moment that instigates ethical responsibility, a moment so vital to avoiding mastering what is external to oneself that it should replace Western philosophy’s traditional emphasis on being as philosophy’s basis, or “First Philosophy.” Levinas’s conceptualization of language as a fluid, non-mastering saying, which one must continually re-enliven against a congealing and mastering said, is at the heart of his ethical project of relating to the other of alterity with ethical responsibility, or proximity. The imaginative poetic language that some contemporary poetry enacts, resonates with Levinas’s ethical motivations and methods for responding to alterity. The following project investigates facets of this question in relation to Levinas: how do the contemporary poets Peter Blue Cloud, Jorie Graham, Joy Harjo, and Robert Hass use poetic language uniquely to engage with alterity in an ethical way, thus allowing it to retain its mystery and infinite nature? I argue that by keeping language alive in a way similar to a Levinasian saying, which avoids mastering otherness by attending to its uniqueness and imaginatively engaging with it, they enact an ethical response to alterity. As a way of unpacking these ideas, this inquiry will investigate the compelling, if unsettled, convergence in the work of Levinas and that of Blue Cloud, Graham, Harjo, and Hass by unfolding a number of Levinasian-informed close readings of major poems by these writers as foregrounding various forms of Levinasian saying.
Ph. D.

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Montt, Strabucchi Maria. "Imagining China in contemporary Latin American literature." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/imagining-china-in-contemporary-latin-american-literature(39f1026f-5a85-4bd5-b9ac-db55a80d2e14).html.

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Since the late 1980s, there has been a steady production of Latin American narrative fiction in Spanish concerning China and the Chinese. Despite the work written about China and its relation to Latin America, no comprehensive examination of the representation of China in literature has been produced thus far. This thesis analyses nine novels in which China is the main theme, exploring how China has been represented in Latin American narrative fiction in recent decades. Using 'China' as a multidimensional term informed by Sara Ahmed's understanding of 'strangerness' (2000), this thesis first explores how the novels studied here both highlight and undermine assumptions about China that have long shaped Latin America's understanding of 'China'. Secondly, using theories of the fetish, it shows 'China' to be a kind of literary/imaginary 'third' term which reframes Latin American discourses of alterity. On one level, it is argued that these texts play with the way that 'China' stands in as a wandering signifier and as a metonym for Asia, a gesture that essentialises it as an unchanging other. On another level, it argues that the novels' employment of 'China' resists essentialist constructions of Latin American identity. 'China' is thus shown here to be a symbolic figure in Latin America, serving as a concept through which criticism of the construction of fetishised otherness becomes possible, as well as criticism of the exclusion inherent in essentialist discourses of identity, such as those contained in mestizaje. These discourses of mestizaje have traditionally emphasised racial and cultural mixture, and have excluded the Chinese from discourses of Latin American identity. As a result, 'China' is used here to deconstruct bound identities, interrupting discourses of otherness within Latin America. From this perspective, it is argued that these novels tend to gesture towards an understanding of identity as 'being-with', and community as inoperative, as developed by Jean-Luc Nancy (1991, 2000), whilst taking a cosmopolitan stance, as developed by Berthold Schoene (2011). The novels have been divided between those that set their stories in China, such as Cesar Aira's 'Una novela china' (1987); those that explore Chinese communities in Latin America, such as Ariel Magnus' 'Un chino en bicicleta' (2007); and those that focus on Latin American travel to China, such as Ximena Sanchez Echenique's 'El ombligo del dragon' (2007). Indebted to Ahmed's, Nancy's and Schoene's theoretical perspectives, Chapter 1 explores how 'China', as both a physical space and a discursive context, foregrounds negotiations of power in the histories of both China and Latin America. Chapter 2 studies how 'China' is used to recall and interrogate the notion of an indistinct 'oriental'. The final chapter seeks to understand the ways in which the novels articulate travel to China as a means of challenging Eurocentric structures and 'national' epistemologies. Ultimately, by disclosing the complex operations through which 'China' is represented in Latin American literary discourses, this study explores possible further reconfigurations of Latin American notions of identity and community as non-essentialist and in constant development.

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Turchi, João Dias. "Rubricagem: o texto do outro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27155/tde-22032017-114344/.

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Hoje eu vou morrer para nascer de novo. E como escrever histórias que existem em voz alta e que nunca quiseram estar nesta dissertação? Escrevo aqui uma dramaturgia a partir da alteridade, transformo o texto de um outro pela minha autoria. Procuro, assim, problematizar os usos de um discurso alheio ao escritor, como fundamento para o teatro. Para tanto, apresento três ações artísticas que realizei, Consulta, Fim da Fila e Jogo do Gênero, que são o motor para se pensar como a apropriação do real pode culminar na construção de um texto, processo que chamo de rubricagem. A presença física do dramaturgo em diálogo com o outro possibilita a construção de uma dramaturgia situada em campos expandidos do teatro, evidencia a performatividade do gesto, tanto no processo quanto na obra, e permite pensar caminhos da dramaturgia a partir da aproximação a alguém desconhecido.
Today I will die in order to be reborn. How to write spoken-word stories that never wanted to appear in this thesis? I describe here a dramaturgy of alterity, transforming the text of another into my own words. I thus seek to problematize the uses of a discourse foreign to the author as a foundation for theater. Therefore, I present three performances I have realized-- Consulta, Fim da Fila, and Jogo do Gênero--which drive my consideration about how the appropriation of the real can culminate in the construction of a text, a process I term rubricagem-- rubrication. The physical presence of the playwright in dialogue with another enables the construction of a text set in expanded domains of theatre, demonstrating the gesture\'s performativity--both in the process and final piece--and allowing us to conceive a dramaturgy that emanates from the approximation of someone unknown.

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Buttigieg, Lawrence. "Addressing the self through the subjectivity of the other : a practice-led investigation of a particular artist-model relationship." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16148.

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As an artist working with the female model, this practice-led research examines concepts of alterity and subjectivity while challenging the dominant role of male subjectivity in the western world. It revolves around the relationship between myself and the female subject, a specific woman who within the context of my work epitomises but at the same time transcends womanhood. This undertaking suggests that my representations of her body grow out of a dialectical tension between the feeling that the female other has almost become a metonymic extension of myself, and the awareness that such a feeling is at the same time illusory. The practical component of my investigations takes the form of body-themed box assemblages which are reminiscent of polyptychs, tabernacles and reliquaries. However, the sacred images which form part of these ecclesiastical items are replaced with others showing close-ups of the fragmented bodies of the model and myself. While this kind of profane artefact acts as a receptacle for our bodies which are broken down and enshrined together with other objects, it constitutes part of an ongoing process whereby the relationship between myself and the female figure is metamorphosed, re-shaped, and re-visioned. The significance of these creations is meant to extend beyond their artefactual existence and become mediums through which I re-visit female sexuality and eroticism and assess them within a spiritual context, albeit in the circumscribed framework of a particular woman. The artefact s ultimate objective is to appease my innate desire to access the other via a self-reflexive process which involves both mirroring and distancing at one and the same time. This process also includes an exploration into the spiritual with the aim of exploiting that which is other in the western theological tradition, namely God and the Divine. The gaze is also deeply involved in this exploration of the other. In fact, while our bodies are subjected to a re-visitation and trans-valuation in parts through multiplication and fragmentation, the gaze is in the process broken down into a series of glances which originate from myself, the viewer or the female subject. This process questions and disrupts the dominance of the male gaze, and its associated precepts, in Western visual culture. Finally, by correlating the model s body with the divine, my artefacts seek to give this woman, as an embodiment of the true other, a trans-corporeal identity. Rather than seeking to exert control over the other, they provide a pious space wherein the self and the other are able to encounter each other in a manner that initiates an equitable relationship, unhindered by presumptive knowledge. This is aided by the aesthetics and dynamics underlying the box assemblage which, while expressing gender fluidity and encouraging disengagement from preconceived dogmas a sort of reverse cognition also enhances the experience of its deific symbolism.

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Siqueira, Camila Freitas. "Alteridade e jornalismo : a outridade na editoria Mundo da Folha de S. Paulo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158181.

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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo geral compreender se e como a outridade é construída na editoria Mundo da Folha de S. Paulo. Nosso ponto de partida foi o entendimento de que o jornalismo, além de estar centrado na contemporaneidade, deveria evidenciar as relações intersubjetivas baseadas tanto na diferença quanto na semelhança. Identificamos três eixos centrais para a discussão proposta: alteridade, outridade e jornalismo. Nas seções teóricas, trabalhamos com a alteridade e a outridade pela perspectiva fenomenológica e o jornalismo pelo paradigma construtivista, compreendendo que a participação ativa dos sujeitos sociais se reflete nas distintas percepções e interpretações que se pode ter do mundo. As abordagens metodológicas utilizadas foram Análise de Conteúdo e Análise de Narrativa. Na investigação empírica, analisamos 214 textos informativos publicados na versão impressa do jornal, em 2015. Como resultados, organizamos um mapeamento quantitativo da editoria estudada e, em uma análise qualitativa de 32 textos, identificamos os tipos de sujeitos narrados e construídos pela Folha: 1) o outro como sujeito transgressor e inconformado com sua condição particular; 2) o outro como sujeito desamparado ou à margem, 3) o outro como sujeito ameaçador, violento ou radical, 4) o outro como fenômeno da natureza, 5) o outro como sujeito sobrevivente, 6) o outro como sujeito ligado ao passado histórico.
This study aims mainly to understand if and how otherness is constructed in Folha de S. Paulo’s World section. We considered that journalism, in addition to being centered on contemporaneity, should highlight intersubjective relations based on both difference and similarity. Here, we identified three central axes: alterity, otherness and journalism. In the theoretical sections, we worked with alterity and otherness through the phenomenological perspective, and journalism through the constructivist paradigm, understanding that the social subject’s active participation is reflected at different perceptions and interpretations that one can have of the world. The methodologies employed were Content Analysis and Narrative Analysis. In the empirical investigation we analyzed 214 informative texts published in Folha de S. Paulo newspaper, in 2015. As a result, we organized a quantitative mapping and, a qualitative text analysis, in which we identified the subject’s types narrated and constructed by Folha: 1) the other as a transgressor and recusant subject; 2) the other as a helpless or marginalized subject, 3) the other as a threatening, violent or radical subject, 4) the other as natural phenomenon, 5) the other as a survivor, 6) the other as a subject related to historical past.

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Kata-Christophe, Anna. "Les énoncés du Surmoi : le Surmoi complexe ou le complexe du Surmoi." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2074.

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Au travers de la thèse j’interroge l’instance de Surmoi en insistant sur son aspect processuel. Le processus surmoïque est constant et très complexe. Ce travail dynamique et topique du Surmoi est lié avec le travail économique de constellation des énonces catégoriques surmoïques qui encadrent et réorganise le mouvement psychique. La constellation des énoncés surmoïques comme une sorte de langage interne est construit dans le lien intersubjectif entre des sujets. L’énoncé c’est un message transmis par l’autre. L’autre apparait comme ancien l’énonciateur qui a laissé des traces dans la réalité psychique et aussi comme celui qui énonce et qui existe dans la réalité actuelle. Je propose l’hypothèse du Surmoi comme la modalité de passage entre le sujet et la culture sous angle des énonces surmoïques venu de l’autre dans les liens par le biais du processus d’identification multiple, ce que construit de la toile de Surmoi multiple. Le Surmoi multiple permet de dépasser la problématique de la paradoxalité et de l’ambuiguité du Surmoi et permet de voir sa double inscription, pulsionnelle et culturelle à la fois. L’autre qui est inscrit dans son environnement groupal prolonge mon hypothèse à ce qui se passe entre le sujet et le groupe est véhiculé dans l’espace psychique interne du Surmoi ce que je montre au travers de la clinique des sujets en malêtre et en crise et avec une fragilité identitaire. Je tente une réflexion sur la capacité contenante de l’institution, représentée par un groupe social institué (le groupe des soignants, le groupe des éducateurs, des professeurs) qui sont placés dans une référence culturelle donnée. Je propose de voir le groupe comme espace potentiel constituant la groupalité interne du Surmoi comme une toile signifiant. Le Surmoi multiple est à la frontière psychique et il est aussi la forme potentielle entre ce qui est intrapsychique et intersubjective. La fonction de l’autre à travers ses énoncés liés au contexte d’énonciation, est un fil rouge. La thèse tente de montrer que l’énoncé de l’autre organise une scène fournissant une forme potentielle comme une des traces multiples et surmoïques de l’autre chez un autre. La consciance morale – le sens interne qui guide est situé dans le Surmoi autant que la moralité et la culture interiorisé. Les lois sociales et la métacadre permettant de „vivre ensemble” fondent la condition humaine d’un sujet dans l’intitution. La clinique montre que les sujets qui souffrent déposent leur malêtre dans le groupe, qui s’organise comme une scène. Quand la culture portée par ce groupe possède les principes donnant un dispositif opérant, le cadre acquiert aussi une fonction contenante. Le lien entre le sujet et autrui est vu comme un échange d’une scène à une autre scène, ce qui convoque la figure de l’intrus et de l’étranger. Dans la rencontre avec le sujet il s’agit de transformer l’intrus en étranger familier. Par conséquent la quête du lien d’altérité est mise en question
Through this thesis I question the Superego instance, emphasising its processing aspect. The Superego process is constant and very complex. The dynamic and topical work of the Superego is linked with the categorical, economic work of togetherness of statements that frame and reorganise the psychological movement. The togetherness of Superego statement as a sort of internal language is built in the inter subjective link between persons. The statement is a message transmitted by the ‹ Other ›. The Other appears as the former speaker who has left traces in the psychic reality of the person and also exists and sets the current reality. I propose the hypothesis of the Superego as a transfer mode between the person and his surroundings culture in terms of Superego statements passed from the ‹ other › within the bounds of multiple identifications. A process that builds the canvas of a multiple Superego. Multiple Superego overcomes the problem of paradoxical and ambiguity of simple Superego and demonstrates its double registrar, both drive and cultural. The Other one, registered in his group environment prolongs my hypothesis of what happens between the person and his group carried in the internal psychic space of the Superego. I demonstrate this with clinical cases, the persons with fragile identity in identity crisis. I try to reflect on the restraining capacity of the Institution , represented by an establish social group (eg the caregiver group, the educator group, the teachers) which is placed in a given cultural reference. I propose to see the group as a potential element (space) that will look into the multiple Superego as a workable canvas. Multiple superego is as the psychological border and it is also the potential form between what is intrapsychic and intersubjective.The mental capacity and the function of the other one through his speaking statements related to his surrounding context is a red string of this thesis. The thesis attempts to show that the speaking statement the other one arrange both groupal and psychic space like an scene providing in potential possibility in a multiple traces of superego of the other in another.The moral consciance - the internal sense which guide is located in the Superego as much as internalized morality and culture. Social laws and meta-framework for "living together" based the human condition of each person in intitution. The clinic case shows the suffering person who deposit their pain and ilness on the group, which get organized as a psychic scene. When the culture carried by this group has the principles giving an operating device, the framework also acquires a containing function. The relationship between two persons or person and the others is seen as an exchange from one psychic scene to another, which is associated with problematic of un intruder and un uncanny. In this case the encounter consiste to transform the intruder in familiar uncanny. Away the quest of otherness (alterity) is in question

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Ziegler, Barbara. "Die sprachliche Konzeptualisierung des Eigenen und des Fremden in den aktuellen Parteiprogrammen der SPD und der CDU : Eine linguistische Untersuchung." Thesis, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, Department of Baltic Languages, Finnish and German, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-26262.

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The present essay examines the linguisitc conceptualisation of otherness in the present party platforms of the Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD, Social Democratic Party of Germany) and the Christliche Demokratische Union Deutschlands (CDU, Christian Democratic Union of Germany). The language and the textual structure of their party platforms is analysed, its function described and compared with each other by using representative text excerpts. The theoretical background of this study is grounded in cultural studies. The methodological framework consists of a combination of critical discourse analysis and textual analysis. Criterias of the linguistic analysis are: coherence (including implicit meanings, propositions and presuppositions), modality, thematic roles, deixis and pronouns and keywords.

The study shows that the Other is cleary conceptualized by using binary oppositions whereas those who are reperesented by we can not always be clearly identified. By using both objective and subjective modality authority and legitimacy are linguistically constructed by those who represent we. The analysis shows that stipulations and issues are mentioned which are supposed to be abided by the Others without being justified by those who represent we. Consequently the Other is excluded. Analysing both party platforms shows that the Other is subcategorized, too. Myths about the Others are confirmed by representing a stereotypical image of the Other through language. However there are differences in the linguistic conceptualization of alterity. The representatives of CDU speak out more explicitly on specific issues concerning the Other than representatives of SPD do. Consequently SPD’s statements concerning the Other are more implicit.

The study shows that meaning is created by language and that myths of the Other are reproduced in political discourse.

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Ziegler, Barbara. "Die diskursive Konstruktion nationaler Identität in dem bundeseinheitlichen Einbürgerungstest der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : Eine diskursanalytische Untersuchung." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-43802.

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The essay analyses the discursive construction of national identity in the present naturalisation test of the Federal Republic of Germany. The essay includes an overview of immigration to Germany, and a survey of political measures to improve the integration of immigrants. The language and structure of representative multiple-choice questions (and answers) of the naturalisation test are analysed by using the method of critical discourse analysis (CDA). The theoretical background of this study is grounded in cultural studies. The methodological framework consists of a combination of critical discourse analysis and textual analysis. Criteria of the linguistic analysis are: the situational context of the text, thematic roles, deixis, lexical repetitions, modality, coherence (including implicit meanings and presuppositions), intertextuality and interdiscursivity, competence and performance. The analysis shows that national identity is conceptualized by the multiple-choice questions of the naturalisation test. National identity is above all constructed by the German language. One of the qualifications which the examinee has to fulfil is competence in German on the level B1 (of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages). Linguistic competence is necessary in order to answer the questions. National identity is linguistically created by using alterity. Binary oppositions are constructed by stipulations and presumptions about migrants living in Germany. These oppositions are created by giving three alternative answers, which represent prejudices about foreigners; we is represented by an idealized construction of Germans, and the other is represented by stereotypical assumptions about foreigners. National identity is created by the content of the questions, too. Many questions deal with German laws and standards, which implies that being a German means to be law-abiding. The present study shows that German identity is constructed by language and the construction of alterity.

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Silva, Bruno Rafael Véras de Morais e. "Périplo do ouvir, ver e narrar: retórica, alteridade e representação do outro na Rihla de Ibn Battuta (1304-1377)." Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/24292.

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CNPQ - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A viagem sempre foi um tema caro ao mundo muçulmano. Este fato não é vão, visto que um dos pilares da própria religião é a peregrinação religiosa à cidade sagrada de Meca (Hajj). A primeira metade do século XIV foi um período ímpar dentro do Dar al-Islam (Terra do Islã) e, consequentemente, para as viagens comerciais, religiosas ou diplomáticas que se realizavam neste espaço que ia desde o sul da península Ibérica até o extremo oeste da China. Tal qual o próprio ato de viajar, a escrita de viagens possuía grande importância dentro de diferentes reinos islâmicos que muito valor davam à escrita e a cultura erudita (adab). Neste contexto, destacamos um relato em específico, intitulado Tuhfat al-Nuzzar fi Ghara ‘ib al-Amsar wa-‘Aja ‘ib al-Asfar, podendo ser tra¬duzido como Um presente para aqueles que contemplam as Belezas das Cidades e as Maravilhas da Viagem. Esta obra, mais conhecida como Rihla, é resultado da escrita das viagens estendida por quase 30 anos pelo qadi maghrebino Ibn Battuta (1304-1377). Tal livro foi escrito com auxílio do poeta e erudito Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi (1321-1357), natural de Al-Andalus. Ele era então secretário do sultão Merínida Abu ‘Inan (1348-1358). O citado viajante percorreu boa parte do mundo islâmico de então e boa parte de suas bordas (da China à África Ocidental). O recorte geográfico da Rihla em que privilegiamos nossa análise foi o das viagens realizadas em Al-Andalus (1351) e ao Bilad al-Sudan (1352-1353). Para tanto, através de bibliografia especializada, procuramos contextualizar estes espaços, para então analisar os relatos reservados a estes lugares dentro da Rihla. Pensar o viajante e seus escritos, dentro de uma reflexão teórico-conceitual, foi algo percebido como essencial. Logo, uma reflexão metodológica foi ensaiada antes de partir para uma análise da representação do outro e da alteridade construída pelo viajante Ibn Battuta em seu relato. Escolhemos, para uma análise mais detida, as descrições de três tipologias do outro dentro da Rihla: o caso dos cristãos de Al-Andalus, dos berberes massufi bidan e dos negros do Bilad al-Sudan.
Travel has always been a central theme in the Muslim world. This is not a minor fact, considering that one of the pillars of the religion is the annual pilgrimage (Hajj) to the holy city of Mecca. The first half of the fourteenth century was a unique period in the Dar al-Islam (land of Islam) and, consequently, for business, religious snd diplomatic travel that happened in the regions between the south of the Iberian Peninsula and the west of China. Just like the act of traveling, travel writing had great importance within different Islamic kingdoms that valued writing and high culture (adab). In this context, we highlighted a particular account, entitled Tuhfat al-Nuzzar fi Ghara ‘ib al-Amsar wa-‘Aja ‘ib al-Asfar, which can be translated as A Gift to Those who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Travelling. This work, known as Rihla, is the result of travel writing documented by the Maghrebian qadi Ibn Battuta (1304-1377) which extended for nearly 30 years. Accordingly, this book was written with the help of the poet and scholar Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi (1321-1357), born in Al-Andalus. He was, at that time, secretary of the Marinid Sultan Abu 'Inan (1348-1358). The mentioned traveler visited much of the Islamic world and its borders, from China to West Africa. The geographic area of the Rihla, which we are focusing our analysis on, was connected with the journeys made in Al-Andalus (1351) and Bilad al-Sudan (1352-1353). For that purpose, through specialized literature, we attempted to contextualize these spaces, and thereafter analyze the reports related to these places within the Rihla. Ultimately, thinking about Ibn Battutta and his travel writings, in both a theoretical and conceptual reflection, are essential for our purposes. In this regard, a methodological reflection was undertaken before making an analysis of the representation of the other and of the alterity built on the account of Ibn Battuta and his writings. We chose, for a more detailed analysis, the descriptions of three typologies of the representation of the other within the Rihla: the cases of the Al-Andalusian Christians, the massufi bidan Berbers and the blacks from Bilad al-Sudan.

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Yang, Eun Mi. "A \"geração 1.5\" dos imigrantes coreanos em São Paulo: identidade, alteridade e educação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-04072011-083935/.

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Esta tese tem como objetivo preencher um pouco o hiato entre os imigrantes coreanos e os brasileiros trazendo mais fatos sobre os primeiros e esclarecer o contetúdo da ambiguidade que se diz marcar a identidade da Geração 1.5 dos imigrantes coreanos. Para tal, buscou-se analisar como essa geração em São Paulo lida com o duplo pertencimento cultural coreano e brasileiro no Brasil, sociedade caracterizada pela diversidade e complexidade e, como se dá a formação da visão do Eu e do Outro num contínuo processo de alteridade. A hipótese é de que a experiência única dessa geração no Brasil por se situar entre a primeira e a segunda geração dos imigrantes coreanos bem como entre coreanos e brasileiros propicia novas possibilidades de construção do Eu e do Outro, de forma menos dicotômica. Para fazer a apreciação desse pressuposto, tomou-se como centro de análise os 26 entrevistados pertencentes à Geração 1.5, conforme o critério estabelecido neste estudo, que imigraram para o Brasil entre as década de 1960 e 1990. Tentou-se captar os papéis educacionais dos quatro ambientes família, escola, religião e comunidade coreana na formação do eixo de interpretação do mundo, que é a base em elaboração de projeto referente a como se posicionar na sociedade brasileira e como se relacionar com brasileiros. Em seguida, examinou-se os aspectos de relacionamento em âmbitos diferentes, da visão do Eu e do Brasil e dos projetos elaborados pelos pais dos entrevistados e pelos próprios entrevistados para viver no Brasil. Sob essa perspectiva, a análise e a reflexão foram realizadas mediante as reflexões sobre a alteridade e identidade dos autores de áreas e origens variadas, dos quais o foco foi dirigido às de Martin Buber, George Herbert Mead, Hannah Arendt, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Gilberto Velho e Tak Seok-san. O resultado aponta que, para os entrevistados, pertencentes à Geração 1.5, a ambiguidade de fato encontra-se como um traço marcante ao longo do processo da construção da identidade, mas que eles lidam com essa ambiguidade de formas diferentes e autônomas de acordo com circunstâncias e estímulos diferentes, em vez de serem definidos de acordo com a classificação dicotômica para a identidade nacional e flutuarem submissas a ela.
This thesis aims to contribute towards bridging the gap between the Korean immigrants in Brazil and the Brazilian people by showing facts about the first and clarifying some of the ambiguity, said to be a trait marking the so-called Generation 1.5 of Korean immigrants. For this, it was analyzed how this generation deals with belonging to double cultures (Korean and Brazilian) in Brazil, a society characterized by its diversity and complexity, and how the formation of the vision of I and Other in a continuous process of alterity occurs. The underlying hypothesis was that the unique experience of this generation, being situated in between the first and second generation of Korean immigrants, propitiates new possibilities for the construction of the notion of self and others in a less dichotomous way. To verify this point of view, a total of 26 individuals considered to belong to Generation 1.5 were selected for the interview and further analysis according to the criterion set in this study. It was attempted to understand how these four principal environments family, school, religion and Korean community influenced the interviewees in the forming of their interpretation of the world which is intrinsic in elaborating the project of their positioning in Brazilian society and their relationship with Brazilians. Attention has also been paid to aspects of the interviewees relationships with Brazilians in different spheres, of their vision of self and Brazil and finally, of the projects taken by them and by their parents in living in Brazil. Following this perspective, the conceptual and theoretical base for the research and the analysis of the collected data was put on the views of Martin Buber, George Herbert Mead, Hannah Arendt, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Gilberto Velho and Tak Seok-san who share the concern about the alterity and identity issues in different academic branches. The result shows that for the majority of the interviewees this ambiguity is in fact a pending question throughout their identity construction process: but that they deal with it in different and more autonomous ways according to different circumstances and stimuli, rather than just being defined by the existing dichotomous classification model of their national identity.

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Daanoune, Karim. "L'écriture de l'évènement dans la fiction de Don DeLillo." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30039/document.

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Cette thèse se propose d’interroger la notion d’événement comme motif organisateur de la fiction de Don DeLillo. En effet, l’assassinat du président J. F. Kennedy et les attentats du 11 septembre sont des phénomènes qui résistent infatigablement au « réel », et à toute traçabilité ontologique ou phénoménologique. À ce titre, ils excèdent la pensée et exigent une réponse nécessaire de l’auteur et de son écriture face à leur irruption. Ils représentent une incursion excessive dans le « réel » et se manifestent sous la forme du surplus. Mais l’événement n’est pas simplement un surplus de réalité, il est aussi un surplus de sens, entendu comme inadéquation du signe à ce qu’il désigne. Il s’agira de montrer dans un premier temps que l’événement se montre excessivement dans le retrait de sa monstration. Nous aborderons cette dialectique du voilement et du dévoilement à travers le prisme de l’Histoire en tenant compte de sa dimension non seulement phénoménologique et traumatique mais également à partir de la notion d’altérité que l’événement sous-tend. Ce paradoxe une fois révélé, nous nous pencherons sur la question du temps car l’événement remet en question l’origine qui le fait advenir et ne prend sens seulement que lorsqu’il est advenu. Il dérègle de facto la temporalité qui avait cours. Il sera alors question de mettre en lumière le dérèglement des instances du temps « classique » : passé, présent et futur. Nous nous focaliserons sur la question du ressassement en nous intéressant, par ailleurs, à la manière par laquelle les concepts de temps, d’événement et d’altérité fonctionnent de conserve. Enfin, nous aborderons l’événement en tant qu’événement-récit en accentuant notre étude sur le terrorisme et la terreur, notions indissociables de la fiction delillienne, en ce qu’ils fournissent des modèles de totalité et de totalisation que l’écriture de l’événement s’emploie — éthiquement — à défaire. En ce sens, l’événement prendra la forme d’un contre-événement. Il s’agira par conséquent de décrypter les événements de texte que DeLillo propose comme moyen de résistance à toute totalisation. Enfin, nous considèrerons certains personnages comme des événements dans la mesure où ils réassertent le caractère événemential de l’individu
This dissertation wishes to reflect upon the notion of event as an organizing principle in Don DeLillo’s fiction. The assassination of J. F. Kennedy and 9/11 are events that unflinchingly resist the real, or any kind of ontological and phenomenological traceability. They exceed understanding and demand a necessary response from the author and his writing. They represent the intrusion of an excessive reality within “the real” and manifest themselves in the guise of a surplus. But the event is not just a surplus of reality, it is also a surplus of meaning as it posits the inadequacy of the sign and its referent. We will first show how the event shows itself in the very way it shuns its own exposure. This dialectics of veiling and unveiling will be scrutinized through the lenses of History considered both in its phenomenological and traumatic dimensions but also as far as it relates to alterity or otherness. Once the paradox is revealed, we will consider the issue of time for the event defies the origin that makes it happen and makes sense only after it has happened. It thus shatters the temporal continuum commonly understood as past, present and future. We will then focus on the issue of a-temporality and show how time, event and alterity are inextricably linked together. We will finally look at the event understood this time as narrative by focusing our attention upon terror and terrorism as they provide models of totality the writing of the event attempts — ethically — at breaching and undoing. In this sense, the event wille be considered as a counter-event. It will be worth deciphering the textual events DeLillo proposes as a means of resisting totalization. We will also apprehend some key characters as events in their own rights as they reassert the evential dimension of the subject

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Shayegh, Elham. "Sufism And Transcendentalism: A Poststructuralist Dialogue." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1373984875.

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Rega, Lourenço Stelio. "A outra história da igreja na América Latina escrita a partir do Outro, pobre e oprimido: a alter-história construída por Enrique Dussel." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2037.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lourenco Stelio Rega.pdf: 10930790 bytes, checksum: 726653474fce7e8d52524be11def05f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-27
For a long time the History of the Church in Latin America was written following the canons of positivist History, privileging the institution, power, politics, colonization and as a collateral effect, the intentional oppression towards the original people of the hidden land, which through this form of writing History was forgotten, became anonymous, without the right of becoming the source, to also be counted as the builder of the historic facts. Furthermore, the History of the church was built from a eurocentric perception; this included the Latin American church that figured as an appendix in the History compendia. It would be necessary to provoke a revolution in the writing of History, doing it from the bottom , from the basement to the attic , starting from the forgotten people, instead of starting from the institution, from the Church. Thus the present thesis aims to demonstrate that the historical work of Enrique Dussel was constructed upon another History of the Church in Latin America, built upon the Other forgotten one by the Church, the other poor one, but also oppressed, being therefore a History written by the otherness (alterity) of the person and not by the Institution. A History starting from the Other, for the Other and by the Other. An Alter-History (Otherness-History). This Enterprise of Dussel was concretized with the creation of the Commission for the Studies of the History of the Church in Latin America Comisión para Estudios de la Historia de la Iglesia en América Latina (CEHILA), directed continuously by him for 20 years and which was the object of his interchange in effecting the operating foundations of the other History of the Church in Latin America
Por muito tempo a História da Igreja na América Latina foi escrita sob os cânones da História positivista, privilegiando a instituição, o poder, a política, a colonização e, como efeito colateral, a opressão intencionada ao povo originário da terra encoberta , que, nesta forma de escrever a História, foi esquecido, ficou anônimo, sem o direito de ser fonte, de ser contado também como construtor de fatos históricos. Além disso, a História da Igreja era construída desde uma óptica eurocêntrica, isso incluía a Igreja latino-americana, que contava como um apêndice nos compêndios de História. Seria preciso provocar uma revolução na escrita da História, escrevendo-a de baixo , do porão ao sótão , à partir do povo esquecido, em vez de partir da instituição, da Igreja. Sendo assim, a presente tese tem como objetivo demonstrar que a obra histórica de Enrique Dussel se constituiu numa outra História da Igreja na América Latina construída a partir do Outro esquecido pela Igreja, o Outro pobre, mas também oprimido, sendo, portanto, uma História escrita a partir da alteridade, da pessoa e não a partir da instituição. Uma História escrita a partir do Outro, para o Outro e pelo Outro. Uma Alter-História. Este empreendimento de Dussel foi concretizado com a criação da Comisión para Estudios de la Historia de la Iglesia en América Latina (CEHILA), por ele dirigida por 20 anos seguidos e que foi objeto de sua interlocução na efetivação e construção dos fundamentos operativos da outra História da Igreja na América Latina

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Kerskens, Christel. "Escaping the labyrinth of deception: a postcolonial approach to Margaret Atwood's novels." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210726.

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La thèse propose une lecture postcoloniale des romans de Margaret Atwood s'articulant sur le thème du mensonge. A travers l'étude de six aspets communs aux romans (l'intertextualité, le mensonge, le réalisme magique, le "trickster", l'hybridité et la quête), la thèse démontre l'importance du motif du mensonge dans une lecture postcoloniale de l'auteur.

The thesis produces a postcolonial reading of Margaret Atwood's novels, based on the concept of deception. Articulated on six major elements of analysis (intertextual parody, deception, magic realism, trickster figures, hybridity, and quest pattern, the thesis shows how Margaret Atwood's novels can be read from a postcolonial point of view, within which the motif of deception plays a central role.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Galera, Porta Francesc. "Avel·lí Artís-Gener, traducció i alteritat.El com i el perquè de la praxi traductora de Tísner." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/392741.

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Avel·lí Artís-Gener (Barcelona, 1912-2000), conegut amb el pseudònim de Tísner, fou un home de lletres complet compromès amb la llengua i la literatura, i la traducció va ser una més d’aquestes activitats intel·lectuals amb què podia ser útil a la cultura catalana. Aquesta recerca se centra en la seva faceta de traductor literari, poc explorada, en especial en la combinació lingüística del castellà al català, en què va dur a terme els trasllats d’obres cabdals de la literatura llatinoamericana: Cent anys de solitud, Crònica d’una mort anunciada, L’Aleph i Els cadells. La tesi es divideix en dues parts, ben diferenciades però interdependents. En la primera part es tracten diferents temàtiques que ajuden a contextualitzar la praxi traductora de Tísner, com ara les aproximacions a la traducció com a transferència cultural, la tradició de trasllats del castellà al català al segle XX i un repàs panoràmic de les traduccions d’Artís-Gener, i s’aprofundeix en la presència destacada dels plantejaments postcolonialistes i dels conceptes d’alteritat i de subversió del poder en l’obra del creador de Paraules d’Opòton el Vell, autotraduïda al castellà al final de la seva vida. En la segona part es fa una anàlisi lingüística de la traducció al català de la novel·la Cien años de soledad, publicada el 1970 i encarregada pel mateix Gabriel García Márquez a Tísner, per determinar les estratègies de traducció de la sinonímia com a mecanisme de cohesió lèxica en la versió catalana de la novel·la.
Avel·lí Artís-Gener (Barcelona 1912-2000), also known as Tísner, was a true man of letters committed to language and literature, and translation was yet another of his intellectual activities that helped to influence Catalan culture. This research focuses on the barely explored figure of Tísner as a translator of literature, particularly from Spanish to Catalan, producing translations of leading works of Latin American literature: One Hundred Years of Solitude; Chronicle of a Death Foretold; The Aleph and Los Cachorros. This doctoral thesis is divided into two distinct but interdependent parts. The first part offers an insight into different topics that help to contextualize Tísner’s translational praxis, such as the approaches to translation as cultural transfer, the tradition of Spanish to Catalan translations during the 20th century and a panoramic overview of Artís-Gener’s translations, and then delves into the clear presence of postcolonialist ideology and the concepts of otherness and subversion of power in the works of the author of Paraules d’Opòton el Vell, self-translated into Spanish at the end of his life. The second part offers a linguistic analysis of the translation into Catalan of the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude, published in 1970 and commissioned by Gabriel García Márquez himself, to identify the strategies used to translate synonymy as a mechanism for lexical cohesion in the Catalan version of the novel.

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Attouman, Mahaman Bachir. "Variations sur l’altérité: emplo des particules àshée, gîdèe, ányáa, áy et àmmáa en haswa." Universität Leipzig, 2009. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33619.

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This article on the general operation of otherness which gathers five discursive particles is aimed to underscore the signification of each one of them. The first one, àshée, presupposes an earlier valid utterance then it introduces ist opposite as now valid. With gîdèe, the two utterances are produced by different subjects, the one under the scope of gîdèe being already valid, what the other subject ignored. As for ányáa, considered a previously constructed assertion, it modifies the content of the assertion by introducing a value of doubt. The two last particles also bring together two different occurences with many variations richer for àmmáa than for áy, which needs in addition the same utterer for the two utterances in opposition.

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Turco, Lucia. "Tanja : processi mediterranei e pratiche di resistenza : un’etnografia situata e in traduzione delle lotte delle donne dei quartieri popolari." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0145/document.

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La recherche proposée mène une analyse des processus de mondialisation qui intéressent la ville de Tanger et des conséquentes luttes de femmes des quartiers populaires contre les effets du développement néo-libéral sur le territoire. À partir d'une dimension internationale, liée spécifiquement aux discours sur la constitution de la macro-région méditerranéenne, j’insiste sur la manière dont les politiques de privatisation et d'accaparement des IDE Investissements Directs Étrangers ont produit des conséquences importantes surtout dans la région du Nord. Au nom de la politique de régionalisation et à la lumière du rôle central reconnu désormais à la géographie méditerranéenne, la région nord est le territoire où les plans méditerranéens se mettent en place: des nombreuses zones franches et industrielles ont vu le jour et par conséquent une forte migration des campagnes vers les villes a créé une urbanisation toujours croissante. La recherche ethnographique a été développée à Tanja, le principal centre urbain de la région nord, où une série de luttes populaires à grande participation féminine a eu lieu. Je les analyse en les contextualisant avec les projets de développement qui intéressent la zone. A l’aide d’une observation participante et d’une série d’interviews individuelles et de groupes, j’indique des parcours de réflexion autour de certains axes thématiques, tels que l'autorité, la protestation, la façon de traverser l’espace. La dernière partie consiste dans l’application de la méthode déconstructionniste sur un signifiant spécifique qui ressort, même si situé différemment, des récits des femmes interviewées: la maison
Here proposed un analysis of the development projects concerning the city of Tangier and the struggles of the women living in the popular zones.Starting from an international dimension, which is particularly related to the construction of the Mediterranean region, I underline how the privatization processes and the FDI Foreign Direct Investments grabbing, produced deep consequences especially in the Northern region of Morocco. Connecting to the regionalization process and the central role of the Mediterranean geography, the region is the territory for the implementation of Mediterranean projects: installation of industrial and free zones that produces the increase of the internal migration (from countryside to city) with the consequent progressive urbanization of the region.The ethnographic research took place in Tanja, the main urban centre of the North where different popular fights, with a predominant women’s participation, occur. The narration of these struggles is in a constant dialogue with insights on some specific development projects Some lines of thought around thematic aces like authority, protest and space crossing are identified through a methodology of participant observation and several semi-structured interviews with the women implicated in the struggles.The last part of the work consist in applying the deconstructionist method to a specific signifier: the home

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Fascione, Sara. "Gli 'altri' al potere. Romani e barbari nella Gallia di Sidonio Apollinaire." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3041/document.

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La thèse analyse, à travers l’examen de la correspondance de Sidoine Apollinaire, le rôle fondamental que ce dernier a joué lors de la grande crise et de l’effondrement de l’Empire Romain d’Occident et, surtout, sa position assumée dans le face à face avec des populations barbares. On considére les lettres de Sidoine principalement comme un témoignage de la manière dont la nobilitas de ce temps s’est adaptée à la nouvelle situation politique et sociale, mais aussi comme une source de références à valeur documentaire. À l’apogée du déclin des institutions impériales et devant le désintérêt de l’administration centrale pour les incursions continues et les dévastations, les représentants de la vieille nobilitas sénatoriale se font le rempart des communautés: c’est l’avènement de la figure de l’évêque-sénateur qui, par le biais de l’acquisition d’une charge épiscopale, obtient ce pouvoir d’action et ce suivi que les carrières politiques traditionnelles ne garantissent plus et, lors de la formation des royaumes barbares, se fait l’intermédiaire des exigences de la cité qui est sous sa juridiction. Sidoine est un exemple emblématique de ce phénomène: par le biais de la correspondance qu’il entretient avec les plus hauts personnages de la vie ecclésiastique et culturelle, on trace le cadre des évolutions de la société du temps ainsi qu’un témoignage sur sa façon de se colleter au barbare, senti comme une altérité menaçante qui nécessite pour s’en défendre non seulement qu’on participe activement à la résistance armée mais aussi qu’on s’adonne à l’étude inépuisable et consciente du patrimoine littéraire et culturel qui forme le fondement de cette Romanitas dans laquelle il se reflète.Sans négliger la partialité du point de vue de l’auteur et le caractère profondément littéraire de l’œuvre prise en considération, on les traite aussi comme des témoignages fondamentaux de l’ambiance culturelle à laquelle appartient l’évêque d’Auvergne, intellectuel raffiné ayant reçu une formation rhétorique et scolaire soignée et qui réussit à se tailler un champ d’action dans la réalité qui l’environne
The thesis analyses Sidonius Apollinaris' Letters in order to shed light on his perception of the so-called 'Barbarians' during the period of transition from Roman imperial institutions to the Romano-barbarian Kingdoms. In the V century AD, due to imperial central administration's indifference to barbaric incursions and devastations, exponents of ancient senatorial nobilitas stood up for their communities by holding the episcopal seat; by so doing, senatorial bishops kept the authority which traditional political offices could not ensure anymore and defended the needs of their communities. Sidonius Apollinaris is the major symbol of this phenomenon. His letters, addressed to the main personalities of his time, depict a portrait of the social developments occurred in that period and of the approach of Gallo-Roman aristocracy towards the Barbarians; the armed resistance and the study of Roman literary and cultural heritage appear to Gallo-Roman aristocracy the only way to save the principle of identity, which lays under the label of Romanitas. The work determines which literary schemes Sidonius uses to interpretate his political and social environment; his letter collection is examined as a mirror of his time thanks to its literary dimension, not despite it, and the literary filter itself is seen as a primary source. This critical methodological approach has been adopted to answer to all research questions as far as 'Identity' and 'Otherness' are concerned, in order to give a definition of 'Barbarian' and 'Roman Citizen'

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Caesar, Cheryl. "Léon Tolstoï, Anne Tyler et la polyphonie littéraire : une étude d'influence." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030035.

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Créateur de la notion de la polyphonie littéraire, Mikhaïl Bakhtine avait trouvé comme exemplaire les fictions de Dostoïevski. Les romans de Tolstoï lui servaient de contre-exemple, selon lui, monologiques et autoritaires. Cependant, des spécialistes de Bakhtine tels que Gary Saul Morson et Caryl Emerson trouvent chez Tolstoï d'autres expressions de la polyphonie. Cette thèse cherchent à explorer tous les concepts principaux de Bakhtine, le dialogisme, l'hétéroglossia, le carnaval, les chronotopes, l'infinalisabilité, et, en place centrale, la polyphonie, dans le contexte des romans de Tolstoï, principalement Anna Karénine. Ces concepts sont étudiés en tant qu'approches narratives aussi bien que sous la forme de thématisations liées à d'autres idées-clés de Bakhtine: l'altérité, l'externalité et l'exotopie. En même temps, nous analysons l'influence éventuelle de Tolstoï sur l'écrivain américaine Anne Tyler, et l'expression de la polyphonie dans ses oeuvres
Creator of the concept of literary polyphony, Makhail Bakhtin chose the fictions of Dostoevsky as its exemplar, citing Tolstoy as his monologic counter-example. However, Bakhtin experts such as Gary Saul Morson and Caryl Emerson argue that Tolstoy's works may reveal another kind of polyphony. This dissertation explores the main ideas of Bakhtin, dialogism, heteroglossia, the carnival, chronotopes, unfinalizability and, centrally, polyphony, as they may be found in the novels of Tolstoy, particularly Anna Karenina. The concepts are analyzed as narrative approaches as well as thematizations which may be linked to other pivotal notions of Bakhtin's: otherness (alterity), outsidedness (externality) and other-worldedness (exotopia). At the same time, it examines the possible influence of Tolstoy on the American writer Anne Tyler, through the manifestations of polyphony in her works

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Boudaa, Louiza. "L'évolution de la conception de la famille dans l'œuvre camusienne." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080086.

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Il est indéniable que la notion de la famille dans l’œuvre camusienne est centrale ; cet axe fondamental est soutenu par d’autres thèmes majeurs, tels que la fraternité, la solidarité, et surtout l’humanité. Nous avons opté pour quatre axes pour les analyser :Dans la première partie, la filiation naturelle, il s’agit moins de montrer la part autobiographique que de démontrer l’impact des figures familiales sur l’œuvre camusienne. La progression du personnage du fils vers le cycle de la révolte participe à l’émergence d’un désir de fraternité ; celui-ci fait l’objet de la deuxième partie.L’étude de cette tendance vers la fraternité nous permet de déceler une mesure nécessaire dans les relations. Cette mesure, rappelée dans « le silence éloquent » d’une mère, met en évidence l’importance de la « pensée solaire », inhérente à la Méditerranée ancestrale, étudiée dans la troisième partie. Les paradigmes rattachés à cette mer ancestrale ne sont pas exclusifs à une communauté sans une autre ; leur adoption dans l’œuvre camusienne permet à celle-ci d’aspirer vers une parenté plus large : la parenté dans l’humanité, analysée dans la dernière partie. Nous avons conclu à la nécessité d’imaginer « le premier homme » heureux ; l’inachèvement du Premier homme ne devrait pas, en effet, estomper l’évolution de la conception de la famille vers une parenté humaine, mise en évidence dans mythe de l’autochtonie
The notion of family is highly central to Camus’s work. The axial nature of this concept is an impetus to begin this thesis which aims at examining the expanse of this concept on Camus’s thinking. This major theme is supported by other ones as brotherhood, solidarity and above all humanity. We have chosen to divide it on four parts of analysis:The first part deals with natural descent. It is more about the impact of family characters on Camus’s work than on the autobiographical side; dealt throughout the three adopted cycles Absurdism, revolt, and at last love and reconciliation. The evolution of the son character towards the cycle of revolt in the mid of inevitable ups and downs took part in the emergence of fraternity desire, and this is the major theme in the second part. The study of this trend towards brotherhood has allowed us to uncover a necessary measure in the relationships. This measure recalled in “the eloquent silence” enhance the importance of “la pensée solaire” inherent in the ancestral Mediterranean Sea, and this makes it an object of study in the third part. The paradigms linked to this ancestral Sea are not exclusively specific to one community without another. Their adoption in Camus’s work allowed it to strive towards a larger parenthood; the parenthood of humanity dealt with in the last part. We have concluded by asserting the necessity of imagining the “first man” happy. The incompletion of Le Premier homme should not blur the evolution of the family conception to a human relationship, highlighted in the myth of autochthony

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Gómez, Ramos Daniel. "Fragilidad y hospitalidad: los gestos pedagógicos del encuentro con el otro. Una investigación de la experiencia educativa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665839.

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La investigación que se presenta tiene como punto de partida una serie de inquietudes y de preguntas surgidas en mi propia práctica como educador social en medio Abierto y Residencial. Inquietudes que me han acompañado durante mi trayectoria como educador y, en los últimos tres años, se han visto enfatizadas y modificadas debido a mi iniciación como docente en la formación inicial en educación primaria y en educación social. Estas cuestiones que vienen conmigo me condujeron a iniciar un proceso doctoral mediante la elaboración de una tesis cuyo PROPÓSITO PRINCIPAL es: • La búsqueda de una cierta ordenación subjetiva como persona con responsabilidad pedagógica con las vidas de niños y de jóvenes; es decir, desarrollar un pensamiento que me permitiera pensarme como educador en relación a las experiencias vividas en el contexto de estudio. Aunque, no sólo organizarme subjetivamente como educador sino también ofrecer un modo de organización a otros, no sólo pensarme como alguien con una responsabilidad educativa sino también dar a pensar a otros qué podría significar eso que llamamos responsabilidad educativa. Este era el deseo que me movía a indagar y, para hacerlo, me di cuenta que necesitaba ponerme al lado de personas educadoras con mayor saber de experiencia que yo. Porque lo que quería era permanecer en un contexto educativo, junto a alguien con quien poner en duda mis propias concepciones, colocarme como sujeto de aprendizaje e incrementar mis posibilidades de vivir una cierta trans-formación pedagógica. Así pues, investigar la experiencia fue el MÉTODO en que me puse en relación tanto con los signos del acontecimiento en el entorno como con los materiales recogidos y las cuestiones que constituían mi interés de indagación (Gadamer 1977, Contreras y Pérez de Lara 2010). Y el ensayo fue el lenguaje que me permitió, precisamente, pensar con la experiencia vivida y tratar de elaborar un conjunto de caminos reflexivos con los que aclarar y ahondar en significados (Adorno 1962, Lukács 1970). En cuanto a los PARTICIPANTES y al ESCENARIO DEL ESTUDIO, gracias a una compañera docente de la Universidad de Barcelona pude ponerme en contacto con la directora de la escuela Bernat de Boïl, y ésta me orientó hacia la maestra a quien, definitivamente, iba a acompañar durante mi trabajo de campo. Proceso que duró casi 7 meses de estancia en la escuela, en los que acudía a razón de 3 días a la semana. En todo este tiempo compartido con la maestra y con los niños de P5 pude ir recogiendo gran cantidad de anotaciones referidas a situaciones, historias y conversaciones que, para mí, fueron significativos porque (a) me afectaron descolocando mi mirada pedagógica, (b) me permitían producir sentido respecto a mis preguntas de investigación, o (c) abrían nuevos recorridos de pensamiento en lo tocante a mi tema de tesis. Una vez finalizado el trabajo de campo y habiendo recogido en mis cuadernos de notas: información, narraciones, interrogantes y posibles reflexiones, comencé una FASE DE LECTURA Y DE ESCRITURA mediante la que pude ir extrayendo las múltiples dimensiones pedagógicas que residían en las escenas o anécdotas que construí a partir de las anotaciones (Ricoeur 2003, Van Manen 2003). Las escenas me ayudaban a desplegar una situación que revelaba algo crucial para los focos que yo intentaba indagar y lo hacían, al mismo tiempo, suscitando una o varias preguntas por el sentido pedagógico que había en ellas implicado. A partir de mis propias necesidades de exploración pedagógica y en conversación con los materiales del trabajo de campo, los interrogantes que me motivaron a realizar esta investigación se fueron concretando en una serie de ejes de sentido que me ayudaron a ampliar y profundizar reflexivamente en el propósito de esta tesis. Dichos ejes de sentido funcionan como focos o TEMAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN y son, fundamentalmente, cuatro: a) ¿Cómo acoger al otro? o “sobre el don y la hospitalidad sin condiciones”. b) ¿Cómo acompañar al otro? o “de la responsabilidad para con la infancia”. c) ¿Cómo mediar la introducción en la cultura? o “del deseo, los límites y el lenguaje”. d) ¿Cómo inventar encuentros con el otro? o “componer juntos algo común”.
The presented thesis moves between my own experience and my pedagogical questions as a social educator, and the field work is focused on the follow-up of a group of children and their teacher, in a public school located in a disadvantaged and complex context from Barcelona. Throughout the investigation there is a confluence of concerns about pedagogical work, so that the separation between the school and the social sphere is transcended, to ask about the issue of fragility and hospitality as two issues of educational reflection and especially in contexts of special difficulty in the lives of creatures. Because although I have gone in search of a teacher to learn and with whom to think essential issues of education, however, the aspects to which he pays attention, go through the school, to get to touch the essence of the educational relationship. It is an in-depth study that traverses didactic and institutional dimensions of the school task, until it reaches the philosophical background with which its author has been able to think about the meaning of an educational work sensitive to the needs and potentialities of creatures. And that ends by highlighting the essential threads of what it means to assume the relationship with the fragility and educational responsibility that begins with hospitality in the encounter with the other.

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Merino, Serrat Imma. "Subjectivitat i autorepresentació en el cinema d'Agnès Varda." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/109378.

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Agnès Varda ha deixat empremtes visibles de la seva subjectivitat en una filmografia desenvolupada pràcticament en sis dècades. El propòsit és abordar el conjunt de l’obra cinematogràfica de Varda rastrejant-hi aquestes empremtes subjectives, lligades a una manifestació de l’autoria, a través dels comentaris escrits i dits per la mateixa cineasta inscrits en els films; i també fer atenció a les diverses formes d’autorepresentació en relació amb la projecció de la cineasta en diversos personatges de les seves ficcions i la presència física d’ella mateixa a les imatges. Analitzant aquests elements, el text vol considerar les aportacions de Varda a la modernitat cinematogràfica en la mesura que, amb una gran llibertat creativa, ha inventat noves formes posant en qüestió les convencions genèriques, entre les quals la divisió entre documental i ficció.
Agnès Varda has left visible imprints of her subjectivity in her filmography developed over the last six decades. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to consider her entire cinematograghic work scrutinizing these subjective imprints and, through the filmmaker’s voice on off commentaries, linking them to a manifestation of authorship and the desire to exemplify that the world is represented through a singular point of view. Attention is called to the diverse forms of self-representation in the projection of the filmmaker through diverse characters as well as her physical presence in images. Analizing these elements, this text considers Varda’s contribution to modern cinematography to the extent that, through great creative freedom, she has invented new forms which question generic conventions, amongst them the distinction between documentary and fiction.

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Gutierrez, Velasco Carlos Alberto. "Parole et dialogue : de la pronominalité à l'engagement éthique : Rosenzweig, Buber, Levinas." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC018.

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L’homme contemporain présente une méfiance à l’égard de la parole. Il lui est difficile de trouver en elle, un outil pour établir un dialogue et se lancer vers la rencontre de l’Autre. Dans notre travail, nous abordons cette question sous l’angle d’une double triade qui articule d’un côté, Dieu - Monde - Homme et de l’autre, Création - Révelation - Rédemption. Cette double articulation est exposée dans la Nouvelle Pensée de Franz Rosenzweig, dans le Principe Dialogique de Martin Buber et dans l’appel du visage d’Emmanuel Levinas. Chacun, à sa façon, donne les implications de la parole et du dialogue dans la construction de l’altérité. En elle, la séparation des rôles, voire la pronominalité, est une condition indispensable. C’est en l’assumant que nous pourrons prendre en main un engagement éthique que soit libre de tout calcul ou de commerce de réciprocité
Modern man has a distrust of speech. It is difficult to find in it, a tool for dialogue to engage oneself to meet the Other. In our work, we address this issue in terms of a double - triad that articulates on the one hand : God - World - Man and and on the other hand, Creation - Revelation - Redemption. This double articulation is exposed in the New Thought of Franz Rosenzweig, in the Principle Dialogic by Martin Buber and the face - to - face of Emmanuel Levinas. Each one, in his own way, gives the implications of speech and dialogue in the construction of "otherness". In it, the separation of roles, even primarily, is a prerequisite. It is by assuming that we can take over an ethical commitment that is free of any calculation or trade reciprocity

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"Dialéctica de la Otredad: Texto, Contexto e Intertexto en Tres Reescrituras Shakesperianas de Uruguay, Argentina y Chile." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.54900.

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abstract: This doctoral dissertation analyzes the rendering of three complex concepts (otherness, alterity, and identity)—and their relationship— in three rewrites of William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Hamlet and The Tragedy of Macbeth from America’s Southern Cone (Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile). By embarking in a close reading of Interrogatorio en Elsinore (Carlos Manuel Varela), La señora Macbeth (Griselda Gambaro), and Yorick: la historia de Hámlet (Francisco y Simón Reyes), this dissertation approaches otherness, alterity, and identity in three of its multiple dimensions (ideological, gender, and artistic subjectivity of the translator/adaptator vis-à-vis the writer). While several studies have explored these three concepts separately and mostly from a cultural standpoint, this is the first one to show how they interact between one another through its representation in three rewrites of Shakespeare in Spanish from Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile. The cultures and history of the countries in which these three translations/adaptations are immersed are just a layer of this research. In addition to it—and loyal to the spirit of the texts being analyzed—this study takes advantage of other disciplines (translation studies, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and gender and communication theory, just to name a few) to analyze in depth and systematically what is implied in otherness, alterity, and identity. The interdisciplinary nature of this dissertation leads to valuable conclusions that can be of benefit, not only for the type of societies portrayed by the rewrites being studied, but for others as well.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Spanish 2019

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Bickert, Neale G. "The Ambiguity of otherness in adaptations of the Nibelungen myth: "Das Nibelungenlied" and Fritz Lang's "Die Nibelungen"." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3970.

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Over eight hundred years ago anonymous poets set the orally transmitted Nibelungen myth to parchment. This action started a trend of adapting the myth for contemporary audiences, a trend that has lasted since the High Middle Ages. Since then, the Nibelungen myth has become a sustaining element of the self-mythologization of German national identity. The problem, however, with adapting the Nibelungen myth for the purpose of creating a German identity, be it in the medieval epic, the Nibelungenlied, or Fritz Lang's 1924 film, Die Nibelungen, is that this model of identification is flawed – flawed because it consists of systematic binary divisions positing self-other dichotomies. What becomes evident is that in the adaptations of Nibelungen myth, the representations of alterity are contradictory and ambiguous, provoking the question: why is the Nibelungen myth an effective source from which one can project a national identity?
Graduate

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Cabri, Julie. "Quand l'Autre prend la parole. La représentation de trois formes d'altérité dans le roman contemporain." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32003.

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La notion d’altérité circule avec insistance dans la conscience collective contemporaine, mais, à ma connaissance, il n’y a pas d’ouvrage critique qui aborde simultanément la spécificité de différentes sortes d’altérité dans la fiction pour en saisir les formes, la signification et les enjeux, surtout à partir de la perspective de l’Autre. Ce travail organise l’étude de la représentation de trois formes d’altérité dans six romans contemporains français, québécois et francophones dans lesquels l’Autre est le sujet du discours : 1. L’étranger : La dot de Sara (Agnant, 1995) et Un aller simple (van Cauwelaert, 1994) ; 2. La folie : Moha le fou Moha le sage (Ben Jelloun, 1978) et La chaise au fond de l’œil (Aude, [1979] 1997) ; 3. La pauvreté : L’exil aux portes du paradis (Dahan, 1993) et Conte d’asphalte (Calife, 2007). Mon objectif principal est de cerner la représentation textuelle de ces formes d’altérité ainsi que leur rôle et leur signification quand la diégèse adopte la perspective d’un personnage qui exprime lui-même sa dissemblance et son aliénation potentielle. Quand l’Autre prend la parole, son statut est entièrement bouleversé, car il ne s’agit plus d’une représentation « traduite » de son expérience ou d’une appréhension de ce personnage par un tiers. Mon travail révèle selon la perspective du marginalisé soit une transformation dans la signification de l’altérité soit un brouillage des frontières entre la marge et le centre qui remet en question, dans certains cas, l’existence même de l’altérité. Cette étude dégage également les caractéristiques discursives communes et distinctives des formes de l’altérité. En outre, elle met en lumière l’instabilité du statut Autre dans le texte romanesque : ce statut peut évoluer, se transformer et parfois même disparaître alors que, dans d’autres circonstances, il peut être un facteur identitaire incontournable et immuable. La multiplicité de ces variations illustre la complexité de chaque manifestation d’altérité et la flexibilité de la notion que le roman d’expression française utilise de façon centrale et critique. Cette thèse contribue ainsi à l’enrichissement de notre compréhension de l’exploitation littéraire des formes de l’altérité, phénomène qui marque de manière importante la littérature contemporaine.

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Ezeliora, Nathan Osita. "The movement of transition: trends in the post-apartheid South African novels of English expression." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/6614.

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Abstract The period of South Africa’s political transition in the late 1980s and 1990s also saw a number of interesting developments in the field of cultural production, especially within the province of literature. A number of literary scholars, critics of all realms, writers, some enthusiasts and adventurers all showed interest in the direction of literature after the repressive years of apartheid. The dominant academic question at the time centred on the possible transition in the thematic and formalistic dimension of the literature of the new South Africa. Scholars and cultural commentators that include Es’kia Mphahlele, Njabulo Ndebele, Albie Sachs, Guy Butler, Elleke Boehmer, Michael Chapman, Mbulelo Mzamane, Andries Walter Oliphant, amongst others, all contributed immensely in the debates that attempted to define the possible direction of the literature after apartheid. This research is concerned with the developments in the Post-Apartheid South African Novels of English expression. Its focus is on how temporal mobility has impacted on cultural production especially as witnessed in the many transformations in the field of literature, particularly the novel as a genre. Using the tropes of memory, violence, and otherness, it examines the novels of writers as varying as André Brink, J.M. Coetzee, Zakes Mda, Zoë Wicomb, and Jo-Anne Richards. At the level of form, the fantastical and the confessional modes of narration are discussed as significant manifestations of the post-apartheid narratives using the novels of André Brink and Jo-Anne Richards respectively. It suggests that, among other things, the post-apartheid novels of English expression are marked by some interesting thematic blocs that include the fascination with land, the artistic display of remorse through the confessional mode, the rekindling of memory and its representation in narrative, the peculiar interest in violence and alterity, the continuing reportage of the urban space and the implications of urbanity on the ordinary citizenry, the recourse to gangsterism, miscegenation and the dilemma of a humankind confined to the psychological spaces of the interstices. Efforts were made in this research to avoid the ‘intellectual apartheid’ often associated with the hermeneutic engagements of the literati previously devoted to South Africa’s literary scholarship. It is for this reason that a more elaborate introductory chapter highlights aspects of the contributions of novelists and scholars that include Nadine Gordimer, Mongane Wally Serote, Lewis Nkosi, Njabulo Ndebele, and the ‘emergent’ ones such as Phaswane Mpe, K. Sello Duiker, Pamela Jooste, among others. An important dimension to this study is that it situates the Post-Apartheid narratives not only within relevant historical contexts, but also develops its argument by drawing immensely from the intellectual culture dominant in South Africa before, during, and after the notorious era of racial separatism. It concludes on the suggestive note that South African writers and literary scholars should attempt to demonstrate a more rigorous interest in locating the creative points of convergence between the aesthetic and social ideals.

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(8850251), Ghaleb Alomaish. "“DOUBLE REFRACTION”: IMAGE PROJECTION AND PERCEPTION IN SAUDI-AMERICAN CONTEXTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY." Thesis, 2020.

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This dissertation aims to create a scholarly space where a seventy-five-year-old “special relationship” (1945-2020) between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United States is examined from an interdisciplinary comparativist perspective. I posit that a comparative study of Saudi and American fiction goes beyond the limitedness of global geopolitics and proves to uncover some new literary, sociocultural, and historical dimensions of this long history, while shedding some light on others. Saudi writers creatively challenge the inherently static and monolithic image of Saudi Arabia, its culture and people in the West. They also simultaneously unsettle the notion of homogeneity and enable us to gain new insight into self-perception within the local Saudi context by offering a wide scope of genuine engagements with distinctive themes ranging from spatiality, identity, ethnicity, and gender to slavery, religiosity and (post)modernity. On the other side, American authors still show some signs of ambivalence towards the depiction of the Saudi (Muslim/Arab) Other, but they nonetheless also demonstrate serious effort to emancipate their representations from the confining legacy of (neo)Orientalist discourse and oil politics by tackling the concepts of race, alterity, hegemony, radicalism, nomadism and (un)belonging.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Otherness (Alterity)'

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