To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Otoliti.
Journal articles on the topic 'Otoliti'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Otoliti.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Jawad, Laith, Pierre Gnohossou, and Ayoko Géraldine Tossou. "Bilateral asymmetry in the mass and size of otolith of two cichlid species collected from Lake Ahémé and Porto-Novo Lagoon (Bénin, West Africa)." Anales de Biología, no. 42 (March 25, 2020): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesbio.42.02.
Full textAbstract:
Asimetría bilateral en la masa y el tamaño de otolitos de dos especies de cíclidos capturados en el lago Ahémé y la laguna de Porto Novo (Benín, África Occidental) Se estudia la asimetría de la masa del otolito sacular en dos especies de peces cíclidos Sarotherodon melanotheron y Coptodon guineensis recolectadas del lago Ahémé y la laguna Porto-Novo, Benín, África occidental. La longitud y el ancho de los otolitos de especímenes adultos de ambas especies se usaron para calcular la asimetría fluctuante en estos dos caracteres. Los resultados muestran que el nivel de asimetría del ancho del otolito es el más importante. La posible causa de la asimetría en estas especies se ha discutido en relación con diferentes contaminantes en el área. Nuestros datos no muestran diferencias significativas, aunque varios estudios demostraron una asimetría más alta en individuos más grandes (de más edad). Saccular otolith mass asymmetry is studied in two cichlid fish species Sarotherodon melanotheron and Coptodon guineensis collected from Lake Ahémé and Porto-Novo Lagoon, Bénin, West Africa. The length and width of otoliths from adult specimens of both species were used to calculate the fluctuating asymmetry in these two characters. The results show that the level of asymmetry of the otolith width is the most important. The possible cause of the asymmetry in these species has been discussed in relation to different pollutants in the area. Our data show no significant difference, although several studies proved a higher asymmetry in larger (older) individuals.
2
Umar, Yulianti, Fransine B. Manginsela, and Ruddy D. Moningkey. "Otolith And Growth Pattern Layang Fish, Decapterus Muroadsi Temminck & Schlegel, 1844 In Manado Bay." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 7, no. 1 (October 30, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.7.1.2019.21441.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research is to know the distribution of the size of Decapterus muroadsi, to describe otolit that is otolith length (Po), width otolith (Lo), perimeter / otolith circumference (Ko), otolith area (Ao), and determine the relationship of total length and body weight of fish kite Decapterus muroadsi in Manado Bay. The sampling was conducted in August - December 2017 of the gliders obtained during the study of 135 individuals in which males were 87 individuals and 48 female individuals. Distribution of the total length of the globe and the body height of the globe fish 190 mm - 225 mm, weighs 63 grams - 154 grams, the female fish has a total length of 205 mm - 250 mm, and weighst 88 grams - 159 grams. To know the morphometric perimeter otolith left and right perimeter otolith fish taken to be taken as otolith samples of male fish (15 individuals) and females (15 individuals). The results of the comparison analysis were found for the left and right otolith of male trooper with otolith length (Po) 0.796, perimeterr / otolith circumference (Ko) 0.621, and otolith area (Ao) 0.268 and females with 0.027 otolith (Po) 0.057, perimeter / otolith (Ko) 0.231, and otolith area (Ao) 0.858, males and females did not differ significantly between left otolith and right otolite where t-hit <from t-table as for otolith (O2) 2,371 and otolith otolith otolith (Lo) 2,952 differs markedly where t-hit> from t-table. Kites, Decapterus muroadsi used as a sample in the study were 135 individuals divided into 3 parts, namely males and females and combined (males and females). Based on the result of growth pattern analysis on the value of the fish b of the Decapterus muroadsi male has t-hit> t-table (4E - 06> 1,998) and mixed (and female) have t-hit> t-table (4E-06 - 1,997) Therefore H1 is accepted as (allometric) and females have t-hit <t-table (3E-O6-1,679) has a value b where hypothesis H1 is accepted as isometric. Keywords: Decapterus muroadsi, Describing, Otolith, male, females ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran ukuran ikan layang Decapterus muroadsi, mendeskripsikan otolit yakni panjang otolit (Po), lebar otolit (Lo), perimeter/keliling otolit (Ko), area otolit (Ao), dan menentukan hubungan panjang total dan berat tubuh ikan layang Decapterus muroadsi di Teluk Manado. Pengambilan sampel ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus – Desember 2017 ikan layang yang di peroleh selama penelitian sebanyak 135 individu di mana jantan 87 individu dan betina 48 individu. Sebaran ukuran panjang total ikan layang dan berat tubuh ikan layang jantan 190 mm – 225 mm, berat 63 gram – 154 gram, ikan layang betina memiliki panjang total 205 mm – 250 mm, dan berat 88 gram – 159 gram, Untuk mengetahui perimeter morfometrik otolit kiri dan kanan perimeter otolit ikan layang yang diambil untuk dijadikan sampel otolit ikan layang jantan berjumlah (15 individu) dan betina (15 individu). Hasil analisis perbandingan ternyata untuk otolit kiri dan kanan ikan layang jantan dengan Panjang otolit (Po) 0,796, perimeterr / keliling otolit (Ko) 0,621, dan area otolit (Ao) 0,268 dan betina dengan Panjang otolit (Po) 0,057, perimeter/keliling otolit (Ko) 0,231, dan area otolit (Ao) 0,858, jantan dan betina tidak berbeda nyata antara otolit kiri dan otolit kanan di mana t-hit < dari t-tabel adapun untuk otolit jantan lebar otolit (Lo) 2,371 dan otolit betina lebar otolit (Lo) 2,952 berbeda nyata di mana t-hit > dari t-tabel. Ikan layang, Decapterus muroadsi yang digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian berjumlah 135 individu yang di bagi dalam 3 bagian yaitu jantan dan betina serta gabungan (jantan dan betina). Berdasarkan hasil analisis pola pertumbuhan terhadap nilai b ikan layang Decapterus muroadsi jantan memiliki t-hit> t-tabel (4E – 06 >1,998) serta campuran (jantan dan betina) memiliki t-hit> t-tabel (4E-06 – 1,997) Maka dari itu H1 di terima sebagai (allometrik) dan betina memiliki t-hit< t-tabel (3E-O6– 1,679) memiliki nilai b dimana hipotesis H1 diterima sebagai isometrik.Kata kunci : Decapterus muroadsi, mendeskripsikan, otolit, jantan, betina
3
Curthoys, Ian S., J. Wally Grant, Christopher J. Pastras, Daniel J. Brown, Ann M. Burgess, Alan M. Brichta, and Rebecca Lim. "A review of mechanical and synaptic processes in otolith transduction of sound and vibration for clinical VEMP testing." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00031.2019.
Full textAbstract:
Older studies of mammalian otolith physiology have focused mainly on sustained responses to low-frequency (<50 Hz) or maintained linear acceleration. So the otoliths have been regarded as accelerometers. Thus evidence of otolithic activation and high-precision phase locking to high-frequency sound and vibration appears to be very unusual. However, those results are exactly in accord with a substantial body of knowledge of otolith function in fish and frogs. It is likely that phase locking of otolith afferents to vibration is a general property of all vertebrates. This review examines the literature about the activation and phase locking of single otolithic neurons to air-conducted sound and bone-conducted vibration, in particular the high precision of phase locking shown by mammalian irregular afferents that synapse on striolar type I hair cells by calyx endings. Potassium in the synaptic cleft between the type I hair cell receptor and the calyx afferent ending may be responsible for the tight phase locking of these afferents even at very high discharge rates. Since frogs and fish do not possess full calyx endings, it is unlikely that they show phase locking with such high precision and to such high frequencies as has been found in mammals. The high-frequency responses have been modeled as the otoliths operating in a seismometer mode rather than an accelerometer mode. These high-frequency otolithic responses constitute the neural basis for clinical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential tests of otolith function.
4
Mogea, Djusty, Lawrence J. L. Lumingas, and Gybert Mamuaya. "Biometric Analysis of Otolith (Sagitta) for the Stock Separation of Skipjack Tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) Landed at Tumumpa Coastal Fisheries Port Manado, North Sulawesi." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 7, no. 2 (July 17, 2019): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.7.2.2019.24124.
Full textAbstract:
Skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the most important species for Indonesian marine capture fisheries and is the third major species of capture fisheries in the world. This study aims to analyze the biometry of otolith (sagitta) of skipjack tuna caught with ‘soma pajeko’ (mini purse-seine) around FADs in the Sulawesi Sea. A total of 96 individuals of skipjack tuna measuring total length (TL) ranged between 232 and 625 mm and the average of TL was 419.64 mm (SD = 112.78 mm) were successfully taken otolith without defects. The length of otolith (OL) of the skipjack tuna ranged between 2.693 and 5.269 mm with an average of OL was 3.435 mm (SD = 0.602 mm). For both the size and shape indices of the otolith, there were no significant difference between the left and right otoliths for otolith length (OL), otolith perimeter (OP), Form-Factor (FF) and Roundness (Rnd), but asymmetric influences were very significance for otolith width (OW), otolith area (OA), Circularity (Cir), Rectangularity (Rec), Ellipticity (Ell) and Aspect Ratio (AR). There were no significant difference in the mean size and shape indices of the otolith between females and males. The relationship between TL - OL follows the power function: OL = 1.027993 * TL0.198863 (R2 = 13.18%). The low value of R2 seems to be due to the mixing of more than one stock of skipjack tuna in the sample. Separation of observation data in the relationship between TL - OL into two different stocks can increase the value of b or R2. It is possible for skipjack tuna in the Sulawesi Sea to consist of two different stocks. The separation of the two stocks can mainly be determined by the size of the otolith, the size of the otolith of stock 1 is relatively large compared to stock 2. The relationship of ln (TL) - ln (OL) stock 1 and stock 2 were ln (OL) = -2,282 + 0,610 * ln (TL) (n = 53; r = 0.91) and ln (OL) = -2,363 + 0.566 * ln (TL) (n = 43; r = 0.64). It is possible that stock 1 is the stock of the Indian Ocean and stock 2 is the stock of the Western Pacific Ocean. To test this hypothesis, genetic studies are needed.Keywords: otolith biometry, stock separation, Katsuwonus pelamis, Sulawesi SeaABSTRAKIkan cakalang, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) merupakan salah satu spesies yang sangat penting untuk perikanan tangkap laut Indonesia dan merupakan spesies utama urutan ke-3 perikanan tangkap dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biometri otolit (sagitta) ikan cakalang yang tertangkap dengan ‘soma pajeko’ (mini purse-seine) di sekitar rumpon di Laut Sulawesi. Sejumlah 96 individu ikan cakalang berukuran panjang total (TL) 232 - 625 mm dan rata-rata TL 419,64 mm (SD = 112,78 mm) berhasil diambil otolitnya tanpa cacat. Otolit (kiri) ikan cakalang tersebut berukuran panjang (OL) 2,693 - 5,269 mm dengan rata-rata OL 3,435 mm (SD = 0,602 mm). Baik untuk ukuran maupun indeks bentuk otolit, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara otolit kiri dan kanan untuk panjang otolit (OL), keliling otolit (OP), Form-Factor (FF) dan Roundness (Rnd), tetapi pengaruh asimetris untuk lebar otolit (OW), luas otolit (OA), Circularity (Cir), Rectangularity (Rec), Ellipticity (Ell) dan Aspect Ratio (AR) sangat nyata. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata rata-rata ukuran maupun indeks bentuk otolit antara betina dan jantan. Hubungan TL - OL mengikuti fungsi perpangkatan: OL = 1,027993*TL0,198863 (R2 = 13,18%). Rendahnya nilai R2 ini nampaknya disebabkan karena bercampurnya lebih dari satu stok ikan cakalang dalam sampel. Pemisahan data amatan dalam hubungan TL – OL menjadi dua stok yang berbeda dapat menaikkan nilai b maupun R2. Ikan cakalang yang terdapat di Laut Sulawesi ada kemungkinan terdiri dari dua stok yang berbeda. Pemisahan kedua stok tersebut terutama dapat ditentukan lewat ukuran otolitnya, stok 1 berukuran otolit relatif besar dibandingkan dengan stok 2. Hubungan ln(TL) – ln(OL) stok 1 dan stok 2 berturut-turut adalah ln(OL) = -2,282 + 0,610*ln(TL) (n = 53; r = 0,91) dan ln(OL) = -2,363 + 0,566*ln(TL) (n = 43; r = 0,64). Ada kemungkinan stok 1 merupakan stok Samudra Hindia dan stok 2 merupakan stok Samudra Pasifik Barat. Untuk menguji hipotesis ini diperlukan kajian secara genetik.Kata kunci: biometri otolit, pemisahan stok, Katsuwonus pelamis, Laut Sulawesi
5
Taliawo, Rofino, Fransine B. Manginsela, and Nego E. Bataragoa. "Otolith Morphometrics of Selar Crumenophthalmus From Kema Strait." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.6.1.2018.18905.
Full textAbstract:
Otolith or ear stone of fish, known as a result of biomineralization which takes place in the body of the fish. In some studies, otolith used to estimate age and stock structure of the fish. The otolith was categorized into three types called sagitta, lagena and utrikulus and the most widely studied. This study was designed to describe the characteristics of the otolith of S. crumenophthalmus by implementing six index form descriptors.Tthe study also dimed at determinition the relationship of fish length and otolith length as well as otolith width . Linear regression approch was used to analyse the relationship of fish length and whole characteristics otolith . Those parameters were analysed using Excel and application R program ( the package the FSA ). The results show that otolith S.crumenophthalmus sagitta has 6 descriptor indicees thatt are as follow: 1) the irregular surface (from factor < 1), 2) comparison against a full round (roundness ≠ 1), no 3) (full circle-shaped circularity: 21), 4) do not form a perfect square (R ≠ 1) and 5 axis) changes of 28-29 and 6) form a somewhat elongated (aspect ratio > 1). The value index otolith form is showed ellipse.Based on the results of the analysis, the otolith left and right (length, width, perimeter, and area) otolith males S. crumenophthalmus has no different. Same alsois found on the case of males otolith, left and on right (long) females otolith S. crumenophthalmus does not differ except the width of the otolith, the area and perimeter size of a different otolith real. The relationship between the length size and width dimensions of otolith with the total length of the fish has a linear relationship. The second parameter of the linear relationship is marked by the determination coefficient values on otolith length varies between 0,56-0,62 and its width ranged from 0.49 to 0.69. For female fish, otolith lenght detemination coefficient varies between 0.27 and 0.25 to its width ranges from 0.15 to 0.19.Key words: S.crumenophthalmus, otolith Morfometrik, Gulf of Kema AbstrakOtolit atau batu telinga ikan dikenal sebagai hasil dari biomineralisasi yang berlangsung dalam tubuh ikan. Pada beberapa studi, otolit digunakan untuk mengestimasi umur ikan serta struktur stok. Dari tiga (3) organ otolit (sagitta, utrikulus dan lagena), yang paling banyak diteliti adalah otolit sagitta.Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter otolit ikan Selar crumenophthalmus (yang mengunakan 6 deskriptor indeks bentuk) dan menentukan hubungan panjang tubuh ikan dengan panjang otolit serta lebarnya.Hubungan ukuran otolit terhadap panjang total ikan dianalis mengunakan persamaan regresi linier sederhana. Alat yang digunakan untuk menganalisis bentuk serta hubungan otolit menggunakan aplikasi Excel serta program R package FSA.Dari hasil analisis, otolit sagitta ikan Selar crumenophthalmus memiliki 6 deskriptor indeks yang hasilnya adalah : 1) permukaan yang tidak teratur (from factor < 1), 2) perbandingan terhadap bulat penuh (roundness ≠1), 3) tidak berbentuk lingkaran penuh (circularity: 21), 4) tidak membentuk persegi sempurna (R≠1) dan 5) perubahan sumbu sebesar 28-29 serta 6) bentuk agak memanjang (aspect ratio >1). Dari nilai indeks bentuk tersebut, otolit Selar crumenophthalmus menunjukan bentuk yang elips.Berdasarkan hasil analisis, otolit kiri dan kanan (panjang, lebar, , perimeter area /luas) otolit jantan Selar crumenophthalmus tidak berbeda nyata. Sama halnya dengan otolit jantan, kiri dan kanan (panjang) otolit betina Selar crumenophthalmus tidak berbeda nyata, namun lebar otolit, area serta perimeter otolit berbeda nyata.Hubungan antara dimensi ukuran panjang dan lebar otolit dengan panjang total ikan memiliki hubungan linier. Hubungan linear kedua parameter tersebut ditandai dengan nilai koefisien determinasi pada panjang otolit ikan jantan bervariasi antara 0, 56- 0, 62 dan lebarnya berkisar antara 0,49 sampai 0,69. Untuk ikan betina, koefisien deteminasi panjang otolit bervariasi antara 0,25 sampai 0,27 dan lebarnya berkisar antara 0,15 sampai 0,19.Kata kunci: Selar crumenophthalmus, Morfometrik otolit, Teluk Kema
6
Curthoys, Ian S. "Concepts and Physiological Aspects of the Otolith Organ in Relation to Electrical Stimulation." Audiology and Neurotology 25, Suppl. 1-2 (September 25, 2019): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000502712.
Full textAbstract:
Background: This paper discusses some of the concepts and major physiological issues in developing a means of electrically stimulating the otolithic system, with the final goal being the electrical stimulation of the otoliths in human patients. It contrasts the challenges of electrical stimulation of the otolith organs as compared to stimulation of the semicircular canals. Electrical stimulation may consist of trains of short-duration pulses (e.g., 0.1 ms duration at 400 Hz) by selective electrodes on otolith maculae or otolithic afferents, or unselective maintained DC stimulation by large surface electrodes on the mastoids – surface galvanic stimulation. Summary: Recent anatomical and physiological results are summarized in order to introduce some of the unique issues in electrical stimulation of the otoliths. The first challenge is that each otolithic macula contains receptors with opposite polarization (opposing preferred directions of stimulation), unlike the uniform polarization of receptors in each semicircular canal crista. The puzzle is that in response to the one linear acceleration in the one macula, some otolithic afferents have an increased activation whereas others have decreased activation. Key Messages: At the vestibular nucleus this opposite receptor hair cell polarization and consequent opposite afferent input allow enhanced response to the one linear acceleration, via a “push-pull” neural mechanism in a manner analogous to the enhancement of semicircular canal responses to angular acceleration. Within each otolithic macula there is not just one uniform otolithic neural input to the brain – there are very distinctly different channels of otolithic neural inputs transferring the neural data to the brainstem. As a simplification these channels are characterized as the sustained and transient systems. Afferents in each system have different responses to stimulus onset and maintained stimulation and likely different projections, and most importantly different thresholds for activation by electrical stimulation and different adaptation rates to maintained stimulation. The implications of these differences are considered.
7
Bahri, Saiful, Lawrence J. L. Lumingas, and Fransine B. Manginsela. "Otolith biometry analysis of betong fish, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793) (Teleostei: Carangidae) in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 6, no. 2 (October 8, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.6.2.2018.21075.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to examine whether there are differences in the size and shape of otolith both between sexes and between the sampling times of bigeye scad Selar crumenophthalmus in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi. Most of the otolith sizes and the otolith shape indices do not show any significant differences between left and right, some of which show statistically significant differences such as the otolith length and the indices of the roundness, ellipticity and aspect ratio of female fish at August 2017 and otolith length, otolith width and otolith perimeter of male fish at November 2017. The otolith sizes and shape indices do not differ between sexes but differ between sampling times ie August 2017 and November 2017. Otolith sizes such as length, width, area and perimeter and shape indices such as circularity and rectangularity can be used as indicators of stock determination. Other shape indices of otolith such as form factor, roundness, ellipticity and aspect ratio are not well used as stock determination. Most of the samples showed a negative allometric growth pattern, except in the sample of female fish sampled in November 2017 which showed an isometric growth pattern for all otolith size variables. There is no statistically significant difference in the regression line of the otolith sizes - total length between sexes, but there is a statistically very significant difference in the regression line between sampling times (months) where the otolith size is greater in November 2017 or in other words at the same length of fish, otolith sizes bigger in November 2017 than in August 2017. The otolith sizes and their relationship with the total length of the fish can be used for determining (separating) the stock of bigeye scad Selar crumenophthalmus. There is a possibility that the sample for August 2017 is a different stock with samples from November 2017.Key words: Selar crumenophthalmus, otolith, morphometry, stock identification, Manado Bay ABSTRACTPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat perbedaan ukuran dan bentuk otolit baik antar seks maupun antar waktu pengambilan sampel ikan selar betong Selar crumenophthalmus di Teluk Manado Sulawesi Utara. Sebagian besar ukuran serta indeks bentuk otolit tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata antara kiri dan kanan, beberapa di antaranya menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata secara statistik misalnya ukuran panjang otolit serta indeks bentuk otolit ‘roundness’, ‘ellipticity’ dan ‘aspect ratio’ pada ikan betina Agustus 2017 dan ukuran panjang otolit, luas otolit dan keliling otolit pada ikan jantan November 2017. Ukuran dan indeks bentuk otolit tidak berbeda antar jenis kelamin tetapi berbeda antar waktu sampling yakni Agustus 2017 dan November 2017. Ukuran otolit seperti panjang, lebar, luas dan keliling otolit serta indeks bentuk seperti ‘circularity’ dan ‘rectangularity’ dapat digunakan sebagai indikator penentu stok. Indeks bentuk otolit lainnya seperti ‘form factor’, ‘roundness’, ‘ellipticity’ dan ‘aspect rasio’ kurang baik digunakan sebagai variable penentu stok. Sebagian besar sampel menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan alometri negatif, kecuali pada sampel ikan betina yang disampling pada November 2017 yang memperlihatkan pola pertumbuhan isometrik untuk semua variabel ukuran otolit. Tidak terdapat perbedaan garis regresi ukuran otolit - panjang total antar seks, tetapi terdapat perbedaan yang sangat nyata garis regresi tersebut antar waktu sampling (bulan) di mana ukuran otolit lebih besar pada bulan November 2017 atau dengan kata lain pada panjang ikan yang sama, ukuran otolit lebih besar pada bulan November 2017 dibandingkan dengan pada bulan Agustus 2017. Ukuran otolit serta hubungan regresi dengan panjang total ikannya dapat digunakan untuk penentuan (pemisahan) stok ikan selar betong Selar crumenophthalmus. Ada kemungkinan sampel bulan Agustus 2017 merupakan stok yang berbeda dengan sampel bulan November 2017.Kata kunci: Selar crumenophthalmus, otolit, morfometri, identifikasi stok, Teluk Manado
8
Payan, Patrick, Anaick Edeyer, Hélène de Pontual, Gil Borelli, Gilles Boeuf, and Nicole Mayer-Gostan. "Chemical composition of saccular endolymph and otolith in fish inner ear: lack of spatial uniformity." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 277, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): R123—R131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.1.r123.
Full textAbstract:
Fish otoliths provide a record of age, growth, and environmental influences. In both trout and turbot, spatial chemical investigation of the endolymph surrounding the otolith (sagitta) showed a lack of uniformity. Proteins, [Formula: see text], and Mg2+ were significantly more concentrated in the proximal (facing the macula) than distal zone, whereas the opposite was observed for K+ and total CO2(totCO2). Na+ concentration ([Na+]) was 20% higher in the proximal zone in trout but not in turbot. Total Ca and Cl− contents were uniformly distributed in both species. We propose that the endolymphatic gradients of protein and totCO2 concentration within the endolymph are involved in the otolithic biocalcification process. Microchemical analyses of otolith sections by wavelength dispersive spectrometry showed a lack of spatial uniformity in the K/Ca and Na/Ca ratios, whereas the Sr/Ca ratio was uniform. There is a clear relationship between endolymph and otolith [K+], but the interpretation of the results for [Na+] needs further investigation. Thus the lack of uniformity in the otolith composition must be taken into account when investigating otolith microchemistry.
9
Jawad, Laith, and Kélig Mahé. "Fluctuating Asymmetry in Asteriscii Otoliths of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Collected from Three Localities in Iraqi Rivers Linked to Environmental Factors." Fishes 7, no. 2 (April 15, 2022): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020091.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths, calcified structures in the inner ears, are used to estimate fish age, and their shape is an efficient fish stock identification tool. Otoliths are thus very important for the management and assessment of commercial stocks. However, most studies have used left or right otoliths, chosen arbitrarily without evaluation of the difference between these otoliths. In this study, the asteriscii otoliths from 263 common carp (Cyprinus carpio; Linnaeus, 1758) were sampled in three Iraqi rivers to test the potential asymmetry and the geographical effect on otolith growth from three measurements (length, width and weight), and on shape from two shape indices (ellipticity and form-factor). Among all asteriscii otolith features, there was significant fluctuating asymmetry between fish length and every otolith descriptor. At one fish length, the size and/or the shape of otoliths could be different between two individuals and/or between left and right asteriscii otoliths for the same individual. Moreover, the relationship between fish length and otolith shape/growth was significantly dependent on the studied geographical area and, more especially, the environmental effects as the water temperature and pH. Finally, the relationships between fish length and otolith shape indices showed that the otolith evolves into the elliptical shape during the life of the fish. To use the otolith shape, it is essential to take into account the developmental stage of individuals to integrate the ontogenetic effect. Our results highlight the importance of verifying potential otolith asymmetry, especially for the asteriscii otoliths (lagenar otoliths) before their use in fisheries research.
10
Milošević, Dragana, Ana Pešić, Zdravko Ikica, Tamara Mitrović, and Nikola Paskaš. "Biometry of the sagittal otoliths for three demersal fish species from the Eastern Adriatic Sea (Montenegro)." Acta Adriatica 62, no. 2 (December 22, 2021): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32582/aa.62.2.5.
Full textAbstract:
The otolith morphology, biometry and otolith size and fish length relationship of three demersal fish species: red mullet Mullus barbatus, common pandora Pagellus erythrinus and hake Merluccius merluccius were examined. Based on otoliths relative sizes P. erythrinus and M. merluccius have Large otoliths, while M. barbatus has Small sagittal otoliths. The relationships between otolith variables and fish somatic growth were described by a linear function. All relationships were statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Otolith length (OL) was found to be the variable most strongly related to fish size, with 61.2 – 95.3 % of the variability, while otolith weight had the lowest coefficient of determination (r2). No differences were found neither between left and right otoliths, nor between male and female otoliths in these relationships. For all species studied the relationships of otolith length, height and weight against total fish length were all found to have positive allometry, indicating that the accretion of otoliths is relatively faster than increase in fish body size. The shape indices of form factor (FF), roundness (RD), aspect ratio (AR), circularity (C), rectangularity (R) and ellipticity (E) were calculated and the relationships between otolith length (OL) and shape indices were determined.
11
Mahé, Kélig, Djamila Ider, Andrea Massaro, Oussama Hamed, Alba Jurado-Ruzafa, Patrícia Gonçalves, Aikaterini Anastasopoulou, et al. "Directional bilateral asymmetry in otolith morphology may affect fish stock discrimination based on otolith shape analysis." ICES Journal of Marine Science 76, no. 1 (November 15, 2018): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsy163.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Otolith shape analysis is an efficient fish stock identification tool. However, most applications used left and right otoliths or only one of them arbitrarily chosen without testing for biases resulting from potential directional bilateral asymmetry (DA) in otolith shape, i.e. a unimodal population-level deviation form bilateral symmetry between right and left otolith shapes. In this study, 560 bogues (Boops boops) were sampled from 11 geographical locations from the Canary Islands to the Aegean Sea and elliptical Fourier descriptors were used to describe their otoliths’ shape. First, a significant otolith DA was observed at the global scale with an average amplitude of 2.77%. However, at the scale of sampling locations, DA was not always significant and varied in amplitude and direction. Second, population structure was investigated using the shape of either right otoliths or left otoliths or both together. Analyses based on right otoliths or both otoliths together, suggested three stock units: a North-Western Mediterranean Sea stock, an Eastern Mediterranean Sea stock, and a Central-Eastern Atlantic Ocean and South-Western Mediterranean Sea stock. In contrast, no coherent geographical pattern was found based on left otoliths. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for potential otolith DA in otolith shape-based stock identification.
12
Escot, Carmelo, and Carlos Granado-Lorencio. "Comparison of four methods of back-calculating growth using otoliths of a European barbel, Barbus sclateri (GÜnther) (Pisces : Cyprinidae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 1 (1999): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97260.
Full textAbstract:
The allometric relationship between fish length and otolith radius was determined for a European barbel, Barbus sclateri, from two natural populations. The relationship was significantly different between populations, but did not differ between females and males. The ages of the fish were determined from the otoliths, and this was used to evaluate four back-calculation procedures: Monastyrsky’s method of direct proportion; two by intercept-corrected direct proportion (Fraser-Lee’s method and the biological intercept method); and the simple regression method. The biological intercept method provided the most reliable estimates of fish lengths at previous ages when otoliths were used. Lengths back-calculated from earlier annuli of older fish were quite different from observed lengths for each age and from lengths back-calculated from recent annuli. Resumen. A dos poblaciones naturales de barbo europeo, Barbus sclateri, se les determinó la relación alométrica entre la longitud del pez y el radio del otolito. Esta relación fue significativamente diferente entre las dos localidades geográficas, e igual entre hembras y machos. Se utilizó los otolitos para determinar la edad de los peces y para evaluar cuatro procedimientos de retrocálculo: el método de Monastyrsky de proporción directa; dos de proporción directa en los que se corrige la intersección, el método de Fraser-Lee y el de intersección biológica; y el método de regresión simple. El método de intersección biológica ofrece las estimas más reales de la longitud del pez en las edades anteriores a la captura. Por otro lado, las longitudes retrocalculadas a partir de los annuli formados en primer lugar de los ejemplares más viejos, fueron diferentes a las longitudes observadas en cada edad y a las longitudes retrocalculadas a partir de los annuli formados más recientemente.
13
Ozpicak, Melek, Semra Saygin, Savas Yilmaz, and Nazmi Polat. "Otolith phenotypic analysis for the endemic Anatolian fish species, Caucasian bleak Alburnus escherichii Steindachner, 1897 (Teleostei, Leuciscidae), from Selevir Reservoir, Akarçay Basin, Turkey." Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 50, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 430–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0037.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Otolith phenotypic variability was analyzed in the Caucasian bleak (Alburnus escherichii) from the Selevir Reservoir in Turkey. Utricular (lapillus) and lagenar (asteriscus) otoliths were removed, while distinguishing between left and right otoliths. All otoliths were photographed on the distal (for asterisci) and dorsal surface (for lapilli) using a Leica DF295 digital camera. Otolith morphometrics were measured to the nearest 0.001 mm using Leica Imaging Software. Linear and nonlinear (power) models were applied to determine the relationships between otolith measurements and total length of fish individuals. Two length classes (Class I: 6.7–10.9 cm Lt ; Class II: 11.0–15.0 cm Lt ) were established to analyze the shape of otoliths. The Form Factor, Circularity, Roundness, Rectangularity, Aspect Ratio and Ellipticity were used to analyze the shape of otoliths. A standardized model was used to remove the effect of size on otolith measurements. Multivariate analysis was performed to detect differences in otolith shape variation. The results of discriminant function analysis showed that 79.9% of A. escherichii specimens were correctly classified by length classes. In this study, intraspecific variation of asteriscus and lapillus otoliths in A. escherichii is reported for the first time. The results of this study provide the first comprehensive data on otolith shape analysis and the relationship between otolith morphometrics and total length in the Caucasian bleak.
14
Puentes-Granada, Vladimir, Paola Rojas, Giovanni Pavolini, Carlos Fernando Gutierrez, and Angel Andres Villa. "Morphology and morphometric relationships for sagitta otoliths in Lutjanus argentiventris (Pisces: Lutjanidae) and Hyporthodus acanthistius (Pisces: Serranidae) from the Colombian Pacific Ocean." Universitas Scientiarum 24, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 337–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.sc24-2.mamr.
Full textAbstract:
Fish earstones, or otoliths, are inner ear structures that can be studied to determine a fish’s age and are a source of taxonomically informative data. In the present work, sagitta otoliths of the Yellowtail snapper (Lutjanus argentiventris) and the Red grouper (Hyporthodus acanthistius) were collected in the Colombian Pacific, and their key morphological features were studied. Otoliths of the Yellow tail snapper were distinctly concave by their distal surface, revealing features shared with species of its genus (Lutjanus). Red grouper otoliths were elliptic and compressed laterally by their proximal surface, bearing similarities to those of other Serranid species. Morphometric relationships between otolith size weight and whole fish size and weight were also studied. In Red groupers significant statistical morphometric relationships between otolith and body features were found via power regression models; successfully relating otolith length with total fish length, otolith weight with total fish length, otolith length with total fish weight, and otolith weight with total fish weight. No significant morphometric relationships were found for the Yellow snapper data. In both fish species, otolith transversal sections proved best to identify its internal features and to distinguish otolith growth rings, as a method for determining the specimen’s age.
15
Jawad, Laith A., Kristiaan Hoedemakers, Ana L. Ibáñez, Yassin A. Ahmed, Mohamed A. Abu El-Regal, and Sahar F. Mehanna. "Morphology study of the otoliths of the parrotfish,Chlorurus sordidus(Forsskål, 1775) andHipposcarus harid(Forsskål, 1775) from the Red Sea coast of Egypt (Family: Scaridae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 4 (February 6, 2017): 819–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416002034.
Full textAbstract:
In the present study a comparison of the otolith morphology of two species of parrotfish, family Scaridae, collected from the Red Sea coast of Egypt, is conducted to identify the most appropriate taxonomic characters that separate these species. Ontogenetic changes in the otoliths of the two scarid fishes become evident. In the otoliths ofChlorurus sordidus, the following characters are comparable in small-sized adult fishes: otolith width, otolith depth, mesial surface shape, lateral surface shape, shape of sulcus acusticus, column, rostrum and size of rostrum. The otoliths of young adults (GI)C. sordidusdiffer from the adult ones in 14 out of the 22 characteristics studied. In the otoliths ofHipposcarus harid, the following characters are comparable in small and large fish: otolith width, otolith depth, mesial and lateral surface shapes, shape of sulcus acusticus, rostrum and size of rostrum.
16
Brown, Randy, and Kenneth P. Severin. "Elemental distribution within polymorphic inconnu (Stenodus leucichthys) otoliths is affected by crystal structure." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1898–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-127.
Full textAbstract:
The chemistry and crystal structure of sagittal otoliths from inconnu (Stenodus leucichthys) were examined optically, with an electron microprobe, a scanning electron microscope, and with X-ray diffraction techniques. The distributions of strontium (Sr), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) were determined with line scans and area maps of thin, transverse otolith sections. Regions depleted in Sr, Na, and K were found to be discordant with optical annuli and were optically distinct from other regions of the otoliths. These patterns of trace element depletion cannot be explained by models of otolith growth that are based on ionic composition of endolymph fluids as the sole control of otolith composition. Electron micrographs showed the depleted regions of the otoliths to be of a different crystal structure than other regions of the otoliths. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed the presence of vaterite in otoliths with depleted regions, while otoliths without depleted regions showed no evidence of vaterite. The depleted areas may be composed of vaterite, and the crystal structure of vaterite may prevent certain trace elements from incorporating in the otolith. Scientists using fish otolith chemistry to infer environmental conditions or life history should be aware that elemental abundance within otoliths may be affected by other processes as well.
17
Budnik, Richard R., John R. Farver, Joel E. Gagnon, and Jeffrey G. Miner. "Trash or treasure? Use of sagittal otoliths partially composed of vaterite for hatchery stock discrimination in steelhead." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 77, no. 2 (February 2020): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0387.
Full textAbstract:
Sagittal otoliths are normally deposited as the CaCO3 polymorph aragonite; however, a proportion of otoliths transitions to vaterite during growth. This transition can complicate otolith chemistry analyses, as differences in the crystalline structure (aragonite or vaterite) of otoliths causes variation in otolith chemistry signatures. To address this issue, we introduce a method to utilize sagittal otoliths partially composed of vaterite for stock discrimination. Using this method, we determined the hatchery origins of yearlings from five Lake Erie hatcheries by using Ba, Mg, Mn, and Sr concentrations in vaterite sections of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) otoliths. We then compared the classification accuracy of our vaterite method with a method in which otoliths composed entirely of aragonite were used. Overall, quadratic discriminant function analyses revealed similar classification success when elemental concentrations from vaterite (95% accuracy) and aragonite (94% accuracy) otolith regions were used. The methods introduced here could likely be used for other fish species that have otoliths that transition to vaterite as long as an adequate number of juvenile fish are available to develop vaterite otolith chemistry signatures.
18
Tarnutzer, A. A., C. Bockisch, D. Straumann, and I. Olasagasti. "Gravity Dependence of Subjective Visual Vertical Variability." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 3 (September 2009): 1657–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00007.2008.
Full textAbstract:
The brain integrates sensory input from the otolith organs, the semicircular canals, and the somatosensory and visual systems to determine self-orientation relative to gravity. Only the otoliths directly sense the gravito-inertial force vector and therefore provide the major input for perceiving static head-roll relative to gravity, as measured by the subjective visual vertical (SVV). Intraindividual SVV variability increases with head roll, which suggests that the effectiveness of the otolith signal is roll-angle dependent. We asked whether SVV variability reflects the spatial distribution of the otolithic sensors and the otolith-derived acceleration estimate. Subjects were placed in different roll orientations (0–360°, 15° steps) and asked to align an arrow with perceived vertical. Variability was minimal in upright, increased with head-roll peaking around 120–135°, and decreased to intermediate values at 180°. Otolith-dependent variability was modeled by taking into consideration the nonuniform distribution of the otolith afferents and their nonlinear firing rate. The otolith-derived estimate was combined with an internal bias shifting the estimated gravity-vector toward the body-longitudinal. Assuming an efficient otolith estimator at all roll angles, peak variability of the model matched our data; however, modeled variability in upside-down and upright positions was very similar, which is at odds with our findings. By decreasing the effectiveness of the otolith estimator with increasing roll, simulated variability matched our experimental findings better. We suggest that modulations of SVV precision in the roll plane are related to the properties of the otolith sensors and to central computational mechanisms that are not optimally tuned for roll-angles distant from upright.
19
Kemp, Jodie, Stephen E. Swearer, Gregory P. Jenkins, and Simon Robertson. "Otolith chemistry is more accurate than otolith shape in identifying cod species (genus Pseudophycis) in the diet of Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68, no. 10 (October 2011): 1732–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2011-088.
Full textAbstract:
Fine-scale shape variation and the added effect of partial digestion often limits accurate identification of different teleost prey species in marine diet studies using otoliths. We evaluated the use of fine-scale shape and trace element variation in digested otoliths to identify fish prey species from the diet of predators. Fourier analysis of otolith shape revealed significant variation between red cod ( Pseudophycis bachus ) and bearded rock cod ( Pseudophycis barbata ) otoliths. Incorporating otoliths that had been consumed by Australian fur seals ( Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus ) into a Fourier analysis discriminant model identified 73% of otoliths as those of red cod and 27% as those of bearded rock cod. However, in vitro digestion of red cod and bearded rock cod otoliths resulted in incorrect classification of both cod species otoliths to varying degrees when using Fourier analysis shape descriptors. There was significant variation between red cod and bearded rock cod otolith core chemistry. Incorporating otoliths consumed by the seals into an otolith core chemistry discriminant model identified all otoliths as those of red cod. Using otolith core chemistry to identify prey species was found to be successful, and there is great potential for this technique to have wider applications in investigating ecosystem trophic interactions.
20
Baker, Jr., M. Scott, Charles A. Wilson, and Daniel L. VanGent. "Testing assumptions of otolith radiometric aging with two long-lived fishes from the northern Gulf of Mexico." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 1244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-073.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, we evaluate the assumptions for estimating ages with radiometric and elemental analyses of otoliths of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) and red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) from the northern Gulf of Mexico. In whole otoliths of both red snapper and red drum, 226Ra activity was inversely correlated with the otolith mass increase with age, validating the assumption that 226Ra accumulation in otoliths occurs at a rate proportional to that of Ca. 222Rn emanation from otoliths decreased as otolith mass increased. 222Rn loss occurred in all red snapper otolith samples ([Formula: see text]4.1%) and, to a lesser extent, in red drum otolith samples ([Formula: see text]0.6%) and decreased with increasing size (age) of the otolith. For red drum, the assumption that the initial activity ratio of 210Po to 226Ra in otoliths is essentially zero was indirectly validated with elemental analyses of Pb and Ba. Radiometric age estimation of shallow-water fishes from the northern Gulf of Mexico holds great promise, considering that 226Ra activities observed in this study are some of the highest recorded to date for species to which the 210Pb/226Ra dating technique has been applied.
21
Paxton, John R. "Fish otoliths: do sizes correlate with taxonomic group, habitat and/or luminescence?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 355, no. 1401 (September 29, 2000): 1299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0688.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths are dense structures in the ears of fishes that function in hearing and gravity perception. Otolith (sagitta) diameters, as percentages of standard length (% SL), are calculated for 247 marine fish species in 147 families and compared by taxonomic group (usually order), habitat and presence or absence of luminescence. Otolith sizes range from 0.4–31.4 mm and 0.08–11.2% SL. The eel and spiny eel orders Anguilliformes and Notacanthiformes have small to very small otoliths, as do the triggerfish order Tetraodontiformes, pipefish order Gasterosteiformes, billfish suborder Scombroidei and many of the dragonfish order Stomiiformes. The soldierfish order Beryciformes has moderate to very large otoliths. The perch order Perciformes has a wide range of otolith sizes but most have small to moderate otoliths 2–5% SL. Only 16 out of the 247 species have the relatively largest otoliths, over 7% SL. Seven out of these 16 species are also luminous from a variety of habitats. Luminous species have slightly to much larger otoliths than non–luminous species in the same family. Both beryciforms and luminous fishes live in low–light environments, where acute colour vision is probably impossible. Most fishes of the epipelagic surface waters have very small otoliths, perhaps due to background noise and/or excessive movement of heavy otoliths in rough seas. Bathypelagic species usually have small otoliths and regressed or absent swimbladders. Other habitats have species with a range of otolith sizes. While the relationship between hearing ability and otolith length is unknown, at least some groups with modified swim–bladders have larger otoliths, which may be associated with more acute hearing.
22
Bird, Jerry L., Duane T. Eppler, and David M. Checkley Jr. "Comparisons of Herring Otoliths Using Fourier Series Shape Analysis." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 1228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-152.
Full textAbstract:
Numeric analysis of otolith morphology provides vital information to commercial fisheries concerning the age distribution, racial origin, and, to some extent, the environmental history of fish stocks. Conventional methods used to retrieve these data, though proven to be effective, are time consuming, susceptible to ambiguous interpretations, and only semiquantitative. Fourier shape descriptors, when used to analyze outlines of otolith silhouettes, represent a rapid, objective, semiautomated means of obtaining much of this information. Analysis of Fourier shape information derived from otoliths of juvenile and adult Alaskan herring and adult Northwest Atlantic herring show that otolith shape reflects differences in fish age and fish race. The shape of otoliths of juvenile fish are significantly different from those of adult fish. Few shape differences can be found, though, between otoliths from adult fish of different age within the same stock. Distinct differences exist between Atlantic and Alaskan adult otolith shapes. For some stocks, minor shape differences occur between left and right otoliths. Differences in otolith shape arising from sexual dimorphism are not apparent.
23
Smith, M. Kimberly. "Regional Differences in Otolith Morphology of the Deep Slope Red Snapper Etelis carbunculus." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-090.
Full textAbstract:
Sagittal otoliths from four populations of the Pacific deep slope red snapper Etelis carbunculus Cuvier were compared using Fourier descriptors and other shape indices, linear proportions, and dry weight. Otoliths from Hawaii, Vanuatu, Fiji and French Polynesia and a small number from the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (NMI) were examined. Regional shape and weight characteristics were distinguishable, despite the wide range of individual variation and limited available size range from some regions. Size-specific differences in otolith shape were found for the four regions for which a sufficient sample was available. Otoliths from Hawaii, French Polynesia, and NMI showed a significant shape affinity. Otoliths from Fiji and Vanuatu were similarly shaped and were distinct from those from the other three regions. Interregional otolith shape affinities for the stocks examined parallel similarities in maximum size and growth rate from the literature, suggesting that growth rate may influence otolith shape. Observed trends in otolith weight as a function of fish length support growth-related regional differences in otolith shape.
24
Campana, Steven E., and John M. Casselman. "Stock Discrimination Using Otolith Shape Analysis." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 1062–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-123.
Full textAbstract:
Otolith shape has long been known to be species specific, but recent reports have pointed to its value as an indicator of stock identity. To test this hypothesis, all three pairs of otoliths were sampled from 2349 Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) collected on spawning grounds throughout the northwest Atlantic. Otolith shape was determined with Fourier analysis and combined with measures of otolith area and perimeter. There were highly significant differences in otolith shape among most of the cod samples, but shape also differed among ages, sexes, and year-classes. The sagittal otoliths (largest pair) provided slightly better stock discrimination than did the lapillar or asteriscal otoliths. The first discriminant function was highly correlated with both fish and otolith growth rate, indicating that stock discrimination improved as the difference in stock-specific growth rate increased. Reevaluation of published studies on other species indicated that growth rate contributes more variation to regional differences in otolith shape than does stock origin. Differences in otolith shape among ages, sexes, and year-classes were also attributable to growth rate differences. To the extent that growth rates vary more between than within stocks, otolith shape analysis can provide an easily determined measure of stock identity.
25
Popper, Arthur N., John Ramcharitar, and Steven E. Campana. "Why otoliths? Insights from inner ear physiology and fisheries biology." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 5 (2005): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04267.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths are of interest to investigators from several disciplines including systematics, auditory neuroscience, and fisheries. However, there is often very little sharing of information or ideas about otoliths across disciplines despite similarities in the questions raised by different groups of investigators. A major purpose of this paper is to present otolith-related questions common to all disciplines and then demonstrate that the issues are not only similar but also that more frequent interactions would be mutually beneficial. Because otoliths evolved as part of the inner ear to serve the senses of balance and hearing, we first discuss the basic structure of the ear. We then raise several questions that deal with the structure and patterns of otolith morphology and how changes in otoliths with fish age affect hearing and balance. More specifically, we ask about the significance of otolith size and how this might affect ear function; the growth of otoliths and how hearing and balance may or may not change with growth; the significance of different otolith shapes with respect to ear function; the functional significance of otoliths that do not contact the complete sensory epithelium; and why teleost fishes have otoliths and not the otoconia found in virtually all other extant vertebrates.
26
Manginsela, Fransine B., Gybert E. Mamuaya, Rizald M. Rompas, and Lawrence J. L. Lumingas. "The Size and The Shape of Sagittal Otolith of Redtail Scad, Decapterus kurroides Blekeer 1855 from Kema Bay, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia." Omni-Akuatika 16, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2020.16.3.861.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to examine the difference in the otolith size and otolith shape of redtail scad Decapterus kurrodes between sex in North Sulawesi. The otoliths of D. kurroides were studied for sagitta otolith pair samples of 34 juveniles, 58 females and 75 males from Kema Bay. These pairs sagitta otolith images were interpreted using ImageJ tool to describe the otolith size (length, width, perimeter, and area), then we calculated the shape index (form factor, roundness, circularity, rectangularity, ellipticity and aspect ratio or length-width ratio). No significant difference was found in otolith length between left and right otoliths of juveniles of D. kurroides or called symmetrical but significant differences or asymmetrical were found in all sample, females and males. The regressions of total length against otolith sizes (otolith lengt, otolith width otolith perimeter and otolith area of D. kurroides follow a power function. The growth patterns showed dominant allometric growth in total length–otolith sizes relationships of D. kurroides from Kema Bay, Key Words: size, shape index, otolith, Decapterus kurroides, Kema Bay.
27
Treinen-Crespo, Christina, Harold Villegas-Hernández, Sergio Guillén-Hernández, Miguel Ángel Ruiz-Zárate, and Carlos González-Salas. "Análisis de la forma de los otolitos como herramienta para la discriminación de la población del stock ( Haemulon Plumieri ) blanco en la costa norte de la Península de Yucatán, México." Revista Ciencias Marinas y Costeras 3 (December 31, 2012): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/revmar.4.11.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, the population structure of the white grunt (Haemulon plumieri) from the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula was determined through an otolith shape analysis based on the samples collected in three locations: Celestún (N 20°49’,W 90°25’), Dzilam (N 21°23’, W 88°54’) and Cancún (N 21°21’,W 86°52’). The otolith outline was based on the elliptic Fourier descriptors, which indicated that the H. plumieri population in the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula is composed of three geographically delimited units (Celestún, Dzilam, and Cancún). Significant differences were observed in mean otolith shapes among all samples (PERMANOVA; F2, 99 = 11.20, P = 0.0002), and the subsequent pairwise comparisons showed that all samples were significantly differently from each other. Samples do not belong to a unique white grunt population, and results suggest that they might represent a structured population along the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. En este estudio, la estructura de la población del ronco blanco (Haemulon plumieri) de la costa norte de la Península de Yucatán fue determinada a través del análisis de la forma del otolito, sobre la base de las muestras recolectadas en tres localidades: Celestún (N 20°49’, W 90°25’), Dzilam (N 21°23’, W 88°54’) y Cancún (N 21° 21’, O 86° 52’). El análisis del contorno de los otolitos se basó en los descriptores elípticos de Fourier, cuyo enfoque indicó que la población de H. plumieri en la costa norte de la Península de Yucatán se compone al menos de tres unidades delimitadas geográficamente (Celestún, Dzilam y Cancún). Se observaron diferencias significativas en la forma del otolito entre todas las muestras (PERMANOVA, F2, 99 = 11.20, P = 0.0002) y las comparaciones por pares posteriores indicaron que todas las muestras fueron significativamente diferentes una de otra. Al parecer, las muestras no pertenecen a una única población, y los resultados sugieren que podría representar una población bien estructurada a lo largo de la costa norte de la Península de Yucatán.
28
Dorval, Emmanis, Cynthia M. Jones, Robyn Hannigan, and Jacques van Montfrans. "Relating otolith chemistry to surface water chemistry in a coastal plain estuary." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 3 (March 1, 2007): 411–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-015.
Full textAbstract:
Although laboratory studies confirm that otoliths incorporate trace elements and stable isotopes from surrounding waters, few studies explore the relationship of otolith chemistry to water chemistry in the field and none include a larger suite of environmental tracers, such as rare earth elements. Using spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) as model species, we tested the hypothesis that otoliths record the water chemistry of seagrass habitats in Chesapeake Bay. In summer 2001, we sampled water and juvenile fish in seagrass beds of the bay. Weighted linear regressions showed that [Ba/Ca]otolith and [La/Ca]otolith were best predicted by salinity and were modeled as [Ba/Ca]otolith (µmol·mol–1) = –2.25 ± 0.35 × salinity + 59.47 ± 7.01) and [La/Ca]otolith (pmol·mol–1) = –8.71 ± 0.65 × salinity + 243.87 ± 12.52. [Ba/Ca]otolith increased with [Ba/Ca]water, but the relationship was nonlinear. Salinity did not influence [Mn/Ca]otolith, but this ratio was positively correlated with [Mn/Ca]water. Although the partition coefficient of Sr (DSr = 0.23 ± 0.019) was similar to that in laboratory experiments, [Sr/Ca] in waters and otoliths was decoupled despite equal temperature exposure, suggesting that [Sr/Ca]otolith concentration may not be a simple function of water composition. However, there was a predictive relationship between [δ18O]otolith and [Sr/Ca]water ([δ18O]otolith = 1.18 ± 0.09 × [Sr/Ca]water (mmol·mol–1) – 14.286 ± 0.78) resulting from mixing between fluvial and oceanic waters. Water chemistry showed mixed values as a proxy for otolith chemistry and may not be a surrogate for otolith chemistry in wide estuaries.
29
Wijnsma, G., G. J. Pierce, and M. B. Santos. "Assessment of errors in cetacean diet analysis: in vitro digestion of otoliths." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 79, no. 3 (June 1999): 573–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315498000733.
Full textAbstract:
Research into the feeding habits of cetaceans has traditionally relied on examining samples taken from the digestive tracts of commercially caught or stranded and by-caught animals. This depends on the identification and measurement of hard parts such as fish otoliths. Otoliths are often partially digested in the stomach, making quantitative estimates of fish size from otolith size biased.As a preliminary attempt to quantify the size reduction of otoliths found in the stomachs of small cetaceans, an in vitro digestion experiment was carried out. Otoliths of herring, whiting, poor cod and haddock were digested at 37°C, pH=3·6, and measured every 60 min.Linear regressions relating otolith size to digestion time and original size generally provided an adequate description of the time course of size reduction. The parameter that changed most rapidly due to digestion was otolith thickness. Differences in digestion rates between species reflect the general robustness and shape of the otoliths.A simulation using actual dietary data showed that the overall diet composition was not radically changed by accounting for otolith digestion, although the apparent contribution of herring increased as the assumed digestion time is increased, because herring otoliths were the most susceptible to digestion.
30
Schulz-Mirbach, Tanja, and Martin Plath. "All good things come in threes – species delimitation through shape analysis of saccular, lagenar and utricular otoliths." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 10 (2012): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12132.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths are calcium carbonate biomineralisates in the inner ear of teleost fishes. Otoliths of the saccule (sagittae) are known to show species-specific (or even population-specific) contour differences and, thus, are regularly used in fisheries management for stock identification. However, the other two otolith types from the utricle (lapilli) and lagena (asterisci) are typically neglected in studies of this kind, such that little information is available regarding potential species-specific contour differences. Using four species of livebearing fishes of the genus Poecilia (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae), we compared contour outlines of all three otolith types by applying Fourier shape analysis and tested for species delimitation success of the different otolith types alone, and all three otoliths combined. Our results indicated that also lapilli and especially asterisci convey species-specific information, and the classification success of discriminant function analyses was highest when combining shape information from all three otolith types. We propose that future studies on species delimitation or stock identification may benefit from considering all three otolith types together.
31
Schulz-Mirbach, Tanja, and Martin Plath. "Corrigendum to: All good things come in threes – species delimitation through shape analysis of saccular, lagenar and utricular otoliths." Marine and Freshwater Research 66, no. 8 (2015): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12132_co.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths are calcium carbonate biomineralisates in the inner ear of teleost fishes. Otoliths of the saccule (sagittae) are known to show species-specific (or even population-specific) contour differences and, thus, are regularly used in fisheries management for stock identification. However, the other two otolith types from the utricle (lapilli) and lagena (asterisci) are typically neglected in studies of this kind, such that little information is available regarding potential species-specific contour differences. Using four species of livebearing fishes of the genus Poecilia (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae), we compared contour outlines of all three otolith types by applying Fourier shape analysis and tested for species delimitation success of the different otolith types alone, and all three otoliths combined. Our results indicated that also lapilli and especially asterisci convey species-specific information, and the classification success of discriminant function analyses was highest when combining shape information from all three otolith types. We propose that future studies on species delimitation or stock identification may benefit from considering all three otolith types together.
32
Wells, R. J. David, Michael J. Kinney, Suzanne Kohin, Heidi Dewar, Jay R. Rooker, and Owyn E. Snodgrass. "Natural tracers reveal population structure of albacore (Thunnus alalunga) in the eastern North Pacific." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 7 (April 2, 2015): 2118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv051.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Chemical signatures in otoliths and muscle tissue of albacore (Thunnus alalunga) from two regions of the North Pacific were characterized to examine population structure. Regions included northern (offshore northwest United States and Canada, >40°N) and southern (offshore southwest United States and Mexico, <40°N) areas where albacore have demonstrated region-specific differences in movement and size at age. Juvenile (ages 1–4 years) albacore were collected from each region through recreational and commercial fisheries over a 5-year period (2009–2013). Three different otolith chemistry assays were performed, including whole otoliths (proxy for lifetime signature), otolith edge (recent signature), and otolith core (nursery signature). Whole otolith δ13C and δ18O showed similar δ13C and enriched δ18O (∼0.5‰) values for juvenile albacore collected in the southern region; classification success to the two regions ranged from 78 to 91% during each year (similar age classes). Otolith edge δ13C and δ18O showed similar results as whole otoliths, but no regional differences were found for otolith core chemistry. Incorporation of trace element concentrations from whole otoliths improved discrimination between regions to 90–100% classification success during each year of the study, with significantly higher Ba:Ca, Mg:Ca, and Mn:Ca in albacore otoliths from the northern region. Albacore from the southern region also displayed enriched muscle δ13C (∼1.21‰) and δ15N (∼0.85‰) values relative to fish of the same size range from the northern region. Discrimination success between the two regions across all years using muscle δ13C and δ15N was 91%. Ultimately, results from this study suggest regional separation of albacore in the eastern North Pacific warranting region-specific vital rates in future modelling efforts.
33
Munday, Philip L., Alyson L. Hodges, J. Howard Choat, and Nick Gust. "Sex-specific growth effects in protogynous hermaphrodites." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-057.
Full textAbstract:
We demonstrate sex-specific decoupling of otolith growth and somatic growth in two species of protogynous parrotfishes, Scarus frenatus and Chlorurus sordidus. Otoliths of both species increased in size consistently through life, even though somatic growth rate decreased with age (age effect). Furthermore, in S. frenatus, otoliths from terminal males were smaller than otoliths from females, despite males being larger than females of the same age. This demonstrates the presence of a sex-specific growth effect, where otoliths of fast-growing individuals (males) are smaller than otoliths of slow-growing individuals (females). The sex-specific growth effect for S. frenatus was most pronounced during the early life history, which suggests that only the fastest-growing females change sex to male. A sex-specific growth effect was also evident in C. sordidus, although it was not statistically significant because of greater variation in the otolith size of terminal males of this species. Our results demonstrate that the relationship between otolith and somatic growth can vary dramatically between the sexes. This will make it difficult to back-calculate size at age in protogynous species, or to conduct sex-specific back-calculations in gonochoristic species, unless the precise relationship between otolith and somatic growth is known for each sex.
34
Wujdi, Arief, Maya Agustina, and Irwan Jatmiko. "Indeks bentuk otolit ikan cakalang, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) dari Samudra Hindia." Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 18, no. 2 (February 5, 2019): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i2.312.
Full textAbstract:
Skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) plays an important role in terms of the marine ecosystems as preyed-upon by shark, billfish, and larger tunas. In order to determine food chain system, there was a gap information as digested skipjack tuna difficult to be identified. This study aimed to determine shape indices to describe the otolith shape of skipjack. The morphometry data were collected from 253 pairs of skipjack tuna’s otolith during February, April, August, and September 2016 from four fishing ports namely Binuangeun, Sadeng, Prigi, and Labuhan Lombok. The data normality and homogenity also determined using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene test respectively. In addition, right and left otolith morphometry were investigated using paired T-test. The shape indices were calculated using six descriptors including form factor (FF), roundness (RO), circularity or compactness (C), rectangularity (Rt), ellipticity (E), and aspect ratio (AR). Multivariate test using MANOVA and Tuckey test also implemented to investi-gate variation among locations. The results showed that the data were distributed normally and homogenly. There were also not significantly difference on otolith morphometry between left and right side (P>0,05). Shape indices also pro-vided in this paper. Skipjack tuna’s otolith has performed as non-rounded, closed to oval, elongated, and irregular surface.AbstrakIkan cakalang, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) berperan penting dalam ekosistem perairan laut, yaitu mangsa bagi jenis hiu, kelompok billfish, dan tuna berukuran besar lainnya. Dalam hal mengungkap hubungan pemangsa dan mangsa dalam suatu rantai makanan, seringkali terjadi kekosongan informasi karena sulitnya mengidentifikasi ikan yang telah tercerna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan bentuk morfologi otolit ikan cakalang berdasarkan nilai indeks bentuk. Data morfometri dikumpulkan dari 253 pasang otolit ikan cakalang pada bulan Februari, April, Agustus, dan September tahun 2016 di empat tempat pendaratan ikan, yaitu: Binuangeun, Sadeng, Prigi, dan Labuhan Lombok. Data morfometri otolit diuji normalitas dan homogenitasnya masing-masing menggunakan uji Kolmogorof-Smirnov dan Levene. Uji T berpasangan juga diterapkan untuk memastikan signifikansi perbedaan antara morfometrik otolit kanan dan kiri. Penghitungan indeks bentuk menggunakan enam deksriptor, yang meliputi form factor (FF), roundness (RO), circularity atau compactness (C), rectangularity (Rt), ellipticity (E), dan aspect ratio (AR). Analisis multivariat menggu-nakan MANOVA dan uji Tuckey juga diterapkan untuk menentukan perbedaan morfometri otolit dari masing-masing lokasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa data tersebar normal dan homogen serta tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signi-fikan pada morfometri otolit kanan dan kiri (P>0,05). Penelitian ini juga menyajikan nilai indeks bentuk yang menjelas-kan bentuk morfologi otolit ikan cakalang, yaitu memiliki karakteristik cenderung oval, memanjang, dan memiliki per-mukaan yang tidak beraturan.
35
Morales, Christian James C., Kyle Dominic E. Barnuevo, Emmanuel S. Delloro, Roxanne A. Cabebe-Barnuevo, Jenylle Kate S. Calizo, Sanny David P. Lumayno, and Ricardo P. Babaran. "Otolith Morphometric and Shape Distinction of Three Redfin Species under the Genus Decapterus (Teleostei: Carangidae) from Sulu Sea, Philippines." Fishes 8, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020095.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths are paired calcified structures in the inner ear of teleosts that function in hearing and balance. In this study, the use of otolith morphometrics and shape analysis were explored to delineate the redfin species under the genus Decapterus from the Sulu Sea, Philippines, namely, Decapterus kurroides, D. smithvanizi, and D. tabl. Results showed that the mean otolith shapes are unique within species (p < 0.001). The otolith size-related (OW—otolith weight, OL—otolith length, OH—otolith height, OA—otolith area, and OP—otolith perimeter) and shape-related (RE—rectangularity, SQ—squareness, EL—ellipticity, RO—roundness, AR—aspect ratio, FF—form factor, CO—compactness, and CI—circularity) morphometric indices also showed significant variations (p < 0.001) among the three species. Distinct regions differentiating D. kurroides from the other two species were seen along the dorsal margin of the otoliths, which was supported by its significantly higher values for OH (size-related index) and RO (shape-related index). In addition, the morphometric indices showed significant variations (p < 0.001), except for RE. Furthermore, it was revealed that the size-related indices were able to separate D. kurroides from the other two species, which turned out to be indifferent. The results provided relevant data on the use of otoliths as an additional confirmatory tool in species delineation of the identified redfin species, and, therefore, offer opportunities of applying the same method in delineation and, eventually, identification of species from other genera, especially those that closely resemble each other.
36
Cardinale, M., P. Doering-Arjes, M. Kastowsky, and H. Mosegaard. "Effects of sex, stock, and environment on the shape of known-age Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) otoliths." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-151.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of sex, stock, and environment on the shape of known-age Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) otoliths from the Faroe Islands were investigated. Moreover, the feasibility of otolith shape analysis for stock identification was evaluated. The shape was described by using several normalized Fourier descriptors and morphometric variables. There were no consistent differences between the left and right otoliths and between sexes within different age classes, stocks, and environments. With our experimental design, we could evaluate the relative importance of genetic and environmental conditions (water temperature and diet regime) on otolith shape and morphometrics. Using otolith shape, cod individuals were significantly separated into Bank and Plateau stocks. Total classification success was between 79% and 85% between stocks and between 85% and 96% between environments for the different age classes. The significant differences in otolith shape between Faroe Bank and Faroe Plateau cod stocks provided a phenotypic basis for stock separation. Stock and environmental influences were substantial in determining the shape of cod otoliths.
37
Wiederhold, Michael L., Jeffrey L. Harrison, and Wenyuan Gao. "A critical period for gravitational effects on otolith formation." Journal of Vestibular Research 13, no. 4-6 (December 28, 2003): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2003-134-605.
Full textAbstract:
The otoliths of adult animals do not change significantly during space flight. However, during the period when otoliths are first developing, rearing in space produces significantly larger otoliths. Conversely, animals reared on a centrifuge have smaller than normal otoliths. To identify a critical period during development for gravitational effects on otolith growth, fertilized zebrafish (Danio rerio) eggs were reared on a centrifuge for 1 week. The fine structure of their inner ear during development was studied by both light- and transmission electron microscopy. By 16 hours after fertilization (1-g, at 28.5°C), precursors of the otoliths are seen but no sign of a sensory epithelium is present. Mature hair cells, appearing capable of mechanotransduction, are not seen until between 48 and 72 hours after fertilization. Zebrafish reared at 3-g from 1 to 7 days after fertilization exhibit significantly slower otolith growth than did 1-g controls. Fish exposed to 3-g only from 12–36 h after fertilization had slightly smaller otoliths than 1-g controls, but this difference was not significant. Animals exposed to 3-g from 36h to 7d after fertilization did have significantly smaller otoliths. If the fish use their hair cells to assess otolith weight in a regulatory role, the hair cells would have to be functional. Thus the earliest stage zebrafish, which were not significantly affected by centrifugation, probably did not have an adequate means of sensing otolith weight to "correct" for the excess weight. (Supported by NASA: NAG2-952 and NAG10-0180)
38
Campana, Steven E., Anthony J. Fowler, and Cynthia M. Jones. "Otolith Elemental Fingerprinting for Stock Identification of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Using Laser Ablation ICPMS." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 1942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-196.
Full textAbstract:
Trace element incorporation into fish otoliths varies among samples collected at different sites. If otolith elemental composition (the elemental "fingerprint") somehow reflects the characteristics of the ambient water, the elemental fingerprint of the otolith nucleus could serve as a natural marker of fish hatched at different sites. To test this hypothesis, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) otoliths collected from five spawning grounds in the northwest Atlantic were tested for differences in elemental and isotopic composition. Laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICPMS) was used to assay the concentration of 14 isotopes (nine elements) in otolith nuclei. The sensitivity of the laser ablation system exceeded that of the electron microprobe by 2–4 orders of magnitude, with an average CV of 21% for any given isotope. Most isotopic concentrations were consistent between left and right otoliths of a given fish, and most differed significantly among sample sites; there were no significant differences by age, sex, or fish length. Multivariate analyses of the elemental fingerprints resulted in significant discrimination among sample sites. While the mechanism underlying trace element incorporation into otoliths is still unclear, otolith elemental fingerprinting has the potential to become an effective and accurate means of stock identification.
39
Koch, Jeff, Ben Neely, and Connor Chance-Ossowski. "Comparison of Sectioned and Whole Otoliths for Estimating Bluegill Age." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 582–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/022019-jfwm-012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Three readers independently assigned ages to 257 paired sectioned and whole Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus otoliths to examine between-reader precision of age estimates and to compare estimates obtained using the two otolith preparation methods. Percent exact between-reader agreement varied from 93.4% to 96.9% for sectioned otoliths and 92.2% to 94.2% for whole otoliths. Mean coefficient of variation values for between-reader comparisons were < 5.0% for all reader combinations and both otolith preparation methods. Exact agreement between paired whole and sectioned otoliths varied by reader from 82.8% to 85.2%; whereas coefficient of variation values ranged from 7.8% to 8.9%. The only significant departure from a 1:1 relationship for mean age estimates between the two preparation methods occurred for young fish in the estimates of one reader. This bias was not pervasive, as no significant bias was indicated in older fish. Our results suggest that age estimates obtained from sectioned and whole Bluegill otoliths are precise and the time and associated expense of mounting and sectioning Bluegill otoliths may not be necessary as whole otolith ages were generally concordant with sectioned ages to age 8 y.
40
Schwarzhans, Werner, and Helmut Keupp. "Early teleost otolith morphogenesis observed in the Jurassic of Franconia, Bavaria, southern Germany." Zitteliana 96 (April 12, 2022): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737.
Full textAbstract:
The otoliths described in this study are from the late Pliensbachian of the Buttenheim clay pit near Bamberg, Franconia, northern Bavaria, and represent one of the earliest teleost otolith assemblages known so far. A total of 351 otoliths have been recovered, many of which are well-preserved and of sizes that indicate they originated from adult specimens and can be considered morphologically mature. The assemblage contains seven species, four of them stem teleosts of the genus Leptolepis and three from the enigmatic otolith-based genus Archaeotolithus, which cannot be attributed to a firm systematic position. We describe three species as new: Leptolepis buttenheimensissp. nov., Leptolepis steberaesp. nov. and Archaeotolithus doppelsteinisp. nov. In addition, we review 49 otoliths from the original material of Schröder’s (1956) publication that were uncovered at the University of Erlangen. This material stems from the late Toarcian/early Aalenian and early Callovian of Franconia. In this review, we accept only a few of the species described by Schröder as valid. The otolith associations from the Early and Middle Jurassic of Franconia, in combination with previously published material, allow for an assessment of the morphogenesis of early teleost otoliths. Early Jurassic teleost otoliths are represented by a few common and long-ranging species. A sudden burst in otolith diversity seems to have occurred during the Middle Jurassic and is first evident in the Bathonian.
41
Smith, David C., Simon G. Robertson, Gwen E. Fenton, and Stephen A. Short. "Age determination and growth of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus): a comparison of annulus counts with radiometric ageing." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-041.
Full textAbstract:
Ages of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) determined by two methods (counting annuli on the surface of whole and in longitudinally sectioned otoliths) were similar up to maturity. Beyond maturity, age estimates from sectioned otoliths exceeded those from whole otoliths. Maximum recorded age was 125 years for an individual 41 cm standard length (SL), and age at maturity was estimated to be 25 years (30–32 cm SL). These are consistent with ages estimated previously by radiometric methods. Results demonstrated a two-stage linear relationship between otolith weight and age that confirmed the two-stage otolith mass growth model previously used in radiometric ageing. However, in the radiometric analyses the reduction in otolith growth was arbitrarily estimated at 45% of the immature rate whereas annuli data demonstrated a reduction after maturity to 62% of the immature rate. The new estimates of otolith mass growth rate were incorporated into the radiometric data and ages recalculated, which reduced age estimates for 38–40 cm SL fish from 77–149 to 59–101 years. The radiometric data were also recalculated using only the percentage reduction in otolith growth after maturity, giving the radiometric age of 125 ± 9 years for the oldest fish.
42
Fowler, Anthony J., Steven E. Campana, Simon R. Thorrold, and Cynthia M. Jones. "Experimental assessment of the effect of temperature and salinity on elemental composition of otoliths using solution-based ICPMS." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 7 (July 1, 1995): 1421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-137.
Full textAbstract:
Retrospective determination of the early life history of fish using the microelemental analysis of their otoliths is dependent upon understanding the factors that affect this elemental composition. Here, juvenile Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) were reared under different treatments of temperature and salinity to determine their impacts on elemental inclusion rates in otoliths. Solution-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) was used to measure 21 isotopes in each otolith: isotopic concentrations ranged over seven orders of magnitude, and differed significantly amongst the temperature–salinity regimes. Univariate analyses identified 13 isotopes that contributed to these multivariate differences; the influence of temperature was stronger than that of salinity. Within each treatment there was a significant relationship between otolith microchemistry and otolith size. To some extent this confounded the interpretation of the between-treatment effect of temperature. In contrast, both the otolith and somatic growth rates were similar between the two salinity treatments, indicating that differences in elemental fingerprints were unambiguously related to the salinity difference, probably a response to the elemental concentrations in the tank water. Overall the study highlighted the current poor understanding of the mechanism of contamination of otoliths by trace elements and their incorporation into the otolith microstructure.
43
Secor, David H., and John Mark Dean. "Somatic Growth Effects on the Otolith–Fish Size Relationship in Young Pond-reared Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-015.
Full textAbstract:
Somatic growth rate of pond-reared larval and juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis, influenced the relationship between otolith size and fish size. Slower growing groups of individuals had larger and heavier otoliths, relative to fish length, than did faster growing groups. Within each growth group, otolith and fish size were highly correlated. Daily increment formation was validated from 10 to 51 d after hatch. Significant interaction occurred between age and fish size effects on otolith size. We propose that otolith growth occurs by two interacting processes. Otoliths grow daily in an incremental manner which is independent of somatic growth. Growth also proceeds continuously within each daily cycle of increment deposition, probably in some proportion to daily somatic growth. Corollaries to the hypotheses are (1) somatic growth rate can influence the otolith–fish size relationship, (2) intraspecific variation in otolith scaling might be used to predict past differences in somatic growth rate, and (3) there is a biological rationale for the use of otolith size and fish size as predictors in age estimation.
44
Weidel, Brian C., Takayuki Ushikubo, Stephen R. Carpenter, Noriko T. Kita, Jonathan J. Cole, James F. Kitchell, Michael L. Pace, and John W. Valley. "Diary of a bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus): daily δ13C and δ18O records in otoliths by ion microprobe." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 1641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-157.
Full textAbstract:
Otoliths provide information about an individual fish’s environment at ecologically relevant time scales. We used ion microprobe analysis to produce high-resolution δ13C and δ18O time series from two age-4 bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) otoliths, which provided insight into fish behavior and otolith fractionation processes. Scanning electron microscope images revealed δ13C and δ18O pit diameters of 10 and 15 µm, respectively, corresponding to 1–5 and 2–9 daily increments during rapid otolith growth and 6–9 and 12–25 increments near annual otolith growth checks. Spot-to-spot reproducibility (1 SD) of the calcite standards was <0.2‰ for δ18O and <0.4‰ for δ13C and was small enough to resolve a change in a fish’s ambient temperature of approximately 1 °C. A whole-lake 13C addition experiment elevated the δ13C of the lake’s dissolved inorganic carbon for 56 days during the summer of 2005. Mixing model results indicated that the proportion of dietary carbon in otoliths (M) was similar for both fish (BLG-3, M = 0.45; BLG-12, M = 0.35), but the relation between M and proxies of metabolic rate differed between fish. Otolith stable isotope analysis by ion microprobe can reveal the environmental history of an individual fish and contribute to our understanding of processes that influence isotope ratio fractionation in otoliths.
45
Santos, Lucinha, and André Martins Vaz-dos-Santos. "Insights of Otoliths Morphology to Reveal Patterns of Teleostean Fishes in the Southern Atlantic." Fishes 8, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010021.
Full textAbstract:
The sagitta otoliths of teleostean fishes are usually used in diverse studies. Their shapes are species-specific, and the qualitative description of their morphological features seems to be a simple task, despite its subjectivity. On the other hand, morphometric techniques have been developed with a focus on objectivity, reproducibility, and accuracy. Considering this, the otoliths morphology was reviewed and evaluated in terms of robustness as a taxonomic tool and to highlight ecomorphological patterns. The otoliths morphology of 179 teleostean fishes from the Southern Atlantic were analyzed. For each species, the fish total length range, eighteen otolith morphological features (OMFs), and relative proportions were annotated. Species habitat and habit were also recorded. Data analyses were based on exploratory analysis, correlation, nonmetric multidimensional scaling, and a two-way permutational analysis of variance. The most descriptive OMFs were: colliculum, sulcus acusticus (morphology, position, orientation, and opening), and otolith profile. The otolith morphology was significantly related to species habitat and habit, with a new pattern described for deep-ocean pelagic species. In conclusion, otoliths morphology is robust whenever it is based on the comparative method application (otoliths among otoliths), considering the constant updates of fishes’ taxonomy and the use of proper sample sizes linked to morphometric techniques.
46
Düşükcan, Mustafa. "Özlüce Baraj Gölü’ndeki Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) populasyonunda Balık Boyu-Otolit Biyometrisi İlişkisi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 6 (June 26, 2018): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i6.764-769.1911.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, otolith biometry-total length relationship was investigated in longspine scraper, Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) obtained from Özlüce Dam Lake, which was built on Peri Stream at Elazığ-Bingöl province border. For this purpose, total 115 fish samples (60 males and 55 females) were examined between September 2017 and December 2017. The sex determination was made after the total length of them was measured. The left and right otoliths of each fish were removed and they were made ready for measurement. Otolith weights (OA) were determined to a precision of 0.0001g. Otolith length (OU) and otolith width (OG) were measured using a computer-assisted image analysis program. The differences between right and left otoliths and between male and female otoliths in term of OA, OU and OG values were not statistically found significant. In the all population, TB, OU, OG and OA values were found as 118-381 mm, 1.536-3.734 mm, 1.049-2.585 mm and 1.10-13.90 mg respectively. The relationships of TB with OU, OG and OA were found to be positive and strong.
47
Fowler, Anthony J., Steven E. Campana, Simon R. Thorrold, and Cynthia M. Jones. "Experimental assessment of the effect of temperature and salinity on elemental composition of otoliths using laser ablation ICPMS." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 7 (July 1, 1995): 1431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-138.
Full textAbstract:
Laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) is a new technique that can be used for the multielemental analysis of otoliths at specific loci. This method was used to sample the otoliths of Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus), reared under different constant regimes of temperature and salinity, to determine whether the elemental composition of otoliths changes ontogenetically. Each otolith was sampled at a number of loci, beginning at the center and then every 500 μm along the longest axis to near the edge; of 23 isotopes measured simultaneously at each locus, 18 were standardized to 48Ca and included in analyses. The elemental composition at otolith centers and near their edges differed significantly amongst treatments, with the effect of temperature a stronger influence. Elemental composition also varied across otoliths from within treatments, indicating endogenous effects. Ontogenetic patterns differed amongst treatments, indicating that endogenous control was mediated by the external environment. Otoliths of fish from one tank where the physical conditions were switched, showed greater variation in the multielemental signal than that resulting only from ontogenetic change. All analyses indicated that otolith formation is the product of numerous interactive exogenous and endogenous processes, including water temperature, salinity, and ontogeny.
48
Barhoumi, Manel, Widien Khoufi, Sawssen Kalai, Anissa Ouerhani, Sabrine Essayed, Ghada Zaier, Héla Jaziri, Sadok Ben Meriem, and Rafika Fehri-Bedoui. "The use of Fourier analysis as a tool for Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758) stock unit separation in the south central Mediterranean Sea." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 7 (July 19, 2017): 1725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417001308.
Full textAbstract:
For the first time, an otolith shape analysis was used to investigate the stocks of saddled bream (Oblada melanura, Linnaeus, 1758) in three fishing zones along the Tunisian coast (Bizerte, Kélibia and Sayada). Otolith shape analysis was used on 30 otoliths for each site, sampled during the spawning period. Using elliptic Fourier descriptors (EFD) the quantization of the shape otolith was investigated by SHAPE and multivariate statistical procedures. Considering the environmental and the genotypic aspects, the preliminary results of the otolith shape analysis showed dissimilarity in silhouette of otoliths of saddled bream stocks collected from the north (Bizerte), the north-east (Kélibia) and the east (Sayada) of the Tunisian coast. Therefore, these three groups could be considered as three sub-units of the Tunisian stock, which should be managed separately.
49
Ruttenberg, Benjamin I., Scott L. Hamilton, and Robert R. Warner. "Spatial and temporal variation in the natal otolith chemistry of a Hawaiian reef fish: prospects for measuring population connectivity." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, no. 6 (June 2008): 1181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-052.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most compelling unanswered questions in marine ecology is the extent to which local populations are connected via larval exchange. Recent work has suggested that variation in the chemistry of otoliths (earstones) of fishes may function as a natural tag, potentially allowing investigators to determine sources of individual larvae and estimate larval connectivity. We analyzed the spatial and temporal variation in natal otolith chemistry of a benthic-spawning reef fish from the Hawaiian Islands. We found no consistent chemical variation at the largest scale (>100 km, among islands), but found significant variation at moderate scales (sites within islands, tens of kilometres) and small scales (clutches within sites), and chemistry of otoliths was not stable between years. These results imply that we may be able to use otolith chemistry to track larval dispersal only if the scales of dispersal match those of variation in natal otolith chemistry, and that separate natal otolith collections may be needed to track different cohorts of larvae. Finally, we found that elemental composition of recruit cores often did not match that of natal otoliths, suggesting that additional methodological development is required before we can effectively apply methods in otolith chemistry to the study of larval dispersal.
50
Tuset, V. M., M. Farré, J. L. Otero-Ferrer, A. Vilar, B. Morales-Nin, and A. Lombarte. "Testing otolith morphology for measuring marine fish biodiversity." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 7 (2016): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15052.
Full textAbstract:
To check the suitability of otoliths for measuring biodiversity, the contour and shape of the sulcus acusticus of sagittal otoliths were described using geometric morphological analysis. Thirteen and fourteen points were used to define these structures respectively. Three current coastal fish assemblages of the north-western Mediterranean were selected for the present study. The results demonstrate that the relative warps generated in the geometric analysis explained both characteristics related to contour and the otolith sulcus. A comparative study with body fish shape using morphospaces and clusters revealed that otolith shape is a better variable for explaining the ecological structure of a fish assemblage. Moreover, three morphological indices (morphological richness (MR), morphological disparity and the morphogeometric index) were estimated from relative warps of otoliths and were compared with ecological, taxonomic, functional and morphological (from body shape) indices. MR increased with functional diversity and average taxonomic distinctness, reflecting the ecological and taxonomic character of otolith morphology. These findings suggest that otoliths could be a useful tool for studying the diversity of present and past fish assemblages.