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1
Jung, Su Young, Sung Su Kim, and Seung Geun Yeo. "Impact of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 4121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114121.
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle for normal cellular function and homeostasis in most living things. ER stress, which impairs ER function, occurs when the ER is overwhelmed by newly introduced immature proteins or when calcium in the ER is depleted. A number of diseases are associated with ER stress, including otorhinolaryngological diseases. The relationship between ER stress and otorhinolaryngologic conditions has been the subject of investigation over the last decade. Among otologic diseases associated with ER stress are otitis media and hearing loss. In rhinologic diseases, chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and obstructive sleep apnea are also significantly associated with ER stress. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between ER stress and otorhinolaryngological diseases, focusing on the current state of knowledge and mechanisms that link ER stress and otorhinolaryngologic diseases.
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HASEGAWA, Makoto. "Management of Otorhinolaryngologic Emergent Diseases." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 95, no. 3 (2002): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.95.213.
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Neto, Francisco Xavier Palheta, Camilo Ferreira Ramos, Amanda Monteiro Tavares e Silva, Karla Araújo Nascimento dos Santos, Ana Carolina Guimarães de Azevedo, and Angélica Cristina Pezzin Palheta. "Chronic Cough in Otorhinolaryngologic Routine." Arquivos Internacionais de Otorrinolaringologia 15, no. 02 (April 2011): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1809-48722011000200017.
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Summary Introduction: The chronic cough is sometimes manifested as an imprecise symptom, but of great importance for both the diagnosis and the prognosis. In an otorhinolaryngologic approach, several illnesses that can occur with it can be numbered, including 2 of the 3 main causes of chronic cough. Objective: To identify the main otorhinolaryngologic diseases showing the chronic cough as one of their manifestations. Method: A literature's revision was performed in several scientific articles, specialized books and consultation in Birene and Scielo databases. Literature's revision: cough production in the upper airways is usually associated with an inflammatory reaction by stimulating sensitive receptors of these areas or by mechanic stimulus. The main cause of the chronic cough in the otorhinolaryngology day-to-day is the post-nasal drip, gathering together by itself 02 of the most common diseases: rhinitis and sinusitis. Laryngitis as a result of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) stands out in the index of chronic cough etiology, but it is not as severe as GER . Neoplasias are also somewhat frequent causes of cough, and the difficulty in diagnosing the cough cause is common in this disease group. Motility disorder, laryngeal irritation persistence, parasitic disease and injuries by inhalation of toxic products were also found as a cause of cough for longer than 03 months. Conclusion: Chronic cough is a frequent and important finding in otorhinolaryngology and cannot be underestimated, and a careful anamnesis is the best way to determine the etiology and perform a correct treatment for the patient's disease.
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Kim, Tae Hyun, Ho Min Kang, In-Hwan Oh, and Seung Geun Yeo. "Relationship Between Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases and Obesity." Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 8, no. 3 (2015): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/ceo.2015.8.3.194.
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Kim, So Young, Dae Myoung Yoo, Ji Hee Kim, Mi Jung Kwon, Joo-Hee Kim, Juyong Chung, and Hyo Geun Choi. "Changes in Otorhinolaryngologic Disease Incidences before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (October 12, 2022): 13083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013083.
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This study aimed to investigate the change in the incidence and variance of otorhinolaryngologic diseases during the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. The entire Korean population (~50 million) was evaluated for the monthly incidence of 11 common otorhinolaryngologic diseases of upper respiratory infection (URI), influenza, acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscess, acute laryngitis and bronchitis, stomatitis and related lesions, acute sinusitis, rhinitis, otitis media, and dizziness from January 2018 through March 2021 using the International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 codes with the data of the Korea National Health Insurance Service. The differences in the mean incidence of 11 common otorhinolaryngologic diseases before and during COVID-19 were compared using the Mann—Whitney U test. The differences in the variance of incidence before and during COVID-19 were compared using Levene’s test. The incidence of all 11 otorhinolaryngologic diseases was lower during COVID-19 than before COVID-19 (all p < 0.05). The variations in disease incidence by season were lower during COVID-19 than before COVID-19 for infectious diseases, including URI, influenza, acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscess, acute laryngitis and bronchitis, acute sinusitis, and otitis media (all p < 0.05), while it was not in noninfectious diseases, including stomatitis, rhinitis, and dizziness. As expected, the incidences of all otorhinolalryngolgic diseases were decreased. Additionally, we found that seasonal variations in infectious diseases disappeared during the COVID-19 pandemic, while noninfectious diseases did not.
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Jianlin, Li. "Clinical application of arterial embolization in otorhinolaryngologic diseases." Frontiers of Clinical Medicine 2, no. 2 (2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35534/fcm.0202009c.
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Makovetskaya, G. A., V. V. Zhestkova, and T. L. Kuznetsova. "Efficiency of the irs-19 aerosol vaccine in children with relapsing diseases of upper respiratory tract." Kazan medical journal 82, no. 1 (August 13, 2021): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70881.
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The use of the IRS-19 aerosol vaccine results in decreasing of the rate of the infectious diseases of otorhinolaryngologic organs in children suffering from adenoids, sinusitis, complications of acute respiratory diseases.
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Rasheva, N., M. Galabova, Kr Koleva, R. Pancheva-Dimitrova, P. Nedev, and M. Georgieva. "Gastroesphageal Reflux Disease and Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases in Children and Adolescents." International Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/orl.v12i4.6828.
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Sato, Hiroshi. "Kampo Therapy for Symptoms and Diseases of the Otorhinolaryngologic Region." Nihon Kikan Shokudoka Gakkai Kaiho 60, no. 5 (2009): 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2468/jbes.60.384.
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Lee, Hyoung-Ju, Soo-Kweon Koo, Bum-Seok Park, Hong-Seok Park, Hwan-Jung Roh, and Eui-Kyung Koh. "Analysis of Causative Diseases of Chronic Cough in Otorhinolaryngologic Field." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 20, no. 2 (November 2009): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.2009.20.2.229.
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Fasunla, Ayotunde, Ukamaka Nwankwo, and Onyekwere Nwaorgu. "Prevalence and Trend of Geriatric Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria." British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 11, no. 1 (January 10, 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2016/21494.
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Boaventura, Viviane S., Aldina Barral, Manoel Barral-Netto, Fernanda O. Novais, Camila I. de Oliveira, Jackson M. L. Costa, and Jene G. S. de Oliveira. "The Value of the Otorhinolaryngologic Exam in Correct Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis Diagnosis." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 384–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2009.81.384.
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Bellavite, Paolo, Riccardo Ortolani, Francesco Pontarollo, Valeria Piasere, Giovanni Benato, and Anita Conforti. "Immunology and Homeopathy. 4. Clinical Studies—Part 1." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 3, no. 3 (2006): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel045.
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The evidence-based research of the effectiveness of homeopathic medicines in common immunologic disorders is reviewed. In part 1, we introduce methodological issues of clinical research in homeopathy, and criteria utilized to evaluate the literature. Then 24 studies (12 randomized and 12 non-randomized) on common upper respiratory tract infections and otorhinolaryngologic complaints are described. In part 2, the focus will be on allergic diseases and the effectiveness of homeopathy will be globally evaluated and discussed using the criteria of evidence-based medicine.
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Arriola, Anna Carlissa P., Antonio H. Chua, and Rosario Jessica F. Tactacan-Abrenica. "Otorhinolaryngologic Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Manila, the Philippines." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 30, no. 2 (December 2, 2015): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v30i2.337.
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Objective: To determine the prevalence of otorhinolaryngologic (ENT) manifestations in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection seen in our institutions, and to determine the association of these manifestations with age, sex, CD4 count and antiretroviral treatment.
Methods:
Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study
Setting: Two Tertiary Government Hospitals
Subjects: Adult patients (>19 years old) confirmed to be HIV- infected were seen at Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center and San Lazaro Hospital from February to July 2014. A data sheet regarding ENT manifestations was filled upon examination. Age, sex, CD4 count and antiretroviral treatment data were recorded. Independent samples t-test was used to determine age association with manifestations. Fischer’s exact test was used to determine association of sex and manifestations. Chi-square test of independence was used to determine association of CD4 count and antiretroviral treatment with manifestations. Association was considered statistically significant if p< 0.05.
Results: Three hundred one patients participated with 287 males (95.3%) and 14 females (4.7%). The mean age was 31.7 ± 8. One hundred ninety seven (65.4%) had ENT manifestations. The most common areas of manifestations came from the oral cavity-oropharyngeal area (n=104, 37%), nasal cavity-nasopharyngeal area (n=73, 26%) and ear (n=43, 15%). The most frequent manifestations were cervical lymphadenopathy, aphthous stomatitis and acute rhinitis. There was no significant difference in the age (p=0.31) and sex (p=0.15) of patients with and without manifestations. However, there was a direct association of manifestations with low CD4 count (p<0.001) and inverse association with antiretroviral treatment (p=0.036).
Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the importance of screening for ENT manifestations, regular CD4 monitoring and enrollment to antiretroviral therapy in persons with HIV. Baseline otorhinolaryngologic examination upon HIV diagnosis and prior to initiating treatment should be followed by regular surveillance. Conversely, physicians should also be aware that patients with ENT manifestation may have HIV infection.
Keywords: HIV, Otorhinolaryngologic diseases, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Stomatitis, Rhinitis
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Oleinik, A. V., R. N. Mingazov, and E. N. Mingazova. "Medical and social problems of the prevalence of ENT diseases and the availability of otorhinolaryngological care to the population, including children (review of foreign literature)." Manager Zdravoochranenia, no. 5 (July 12, 2023): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-5-67-77.
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An analysis of foreign scientific sources suggests that the prevalence of otorhinolaryngological diseases in the world is high and affects the increase in disability and mortality rates. The most common pediatric otorhinolaryngological disease worldwide is otitis media. Low availability of specialized otorhinolaryngologist care and socioeconomic disadvantage are associated with earlier, more frequent and severe ENT disease in children. The most vulnerable to otitis media leading to hearing loss are children of low socioeconomic status (even in developed countries) and indigenous children in all countries of the world. In low- and middle-income countries, pediatric otorhinolaryngology faces challenges associated with a lack of infrastructure and equipment, a relatively small health care budget, a shortage of medical staff, and a lack of political will. In multicultural developed countries, the lack of understanding in medical institutions of the need to take into account ethno-cultural characteristics, as well as a decrease in confidence in medical institutions, creates constant barriers to access to medical services.
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Khosravi, Yalda, Lina Chooi Ling, Mun Fai Loke, Sivalingam Shailendra, Narayanan Prepageran, and Jamuna Vadivelu. "Determination of the biofilm formation capacity of bacterial pathogens associated with otorhinolaryngologic diseases in the Malaysian population." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 271, no. 5 (July 24, 2013): 1227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-013-2637-3.
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Morozova, A. D., and K. D. Sheina. "On the problems of nurses in the field of otorhinolaryngology." Meditsinskaya sestra 26, no. 2 (March 1, 2024): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29296/25879979-2024-02-05.
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Due to the fact that the high prevalence of otorhinolaryngologic pathologies in the world has a significant impact on the increase in disability and mortality rates, both physicians and nurses in the specialized department should be aware of the main aspects related to diseases of the ENT organs, which will help them to provide better medical care to this group of patients. The role of nurses in this case is varied and includes nursing, educational and supportive aspects in solving clinical problems. In their daily practice, nurses face many challenges: overtime, increased physical workload, responsibility for patient safety, lack of respect, and increased psychological pressure. The presented aspects have a negative impact on the mental health of nursing staff, leading to “professional burnout” and a decrease in the quality of nursing care.
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Herrera Ariza, Jorge Luis Alfredo, and Perla Villamor Rojas. "Enfoque otorrinolaringológico de la granulomatosis con poliangeítis (de Wegener) Otolaryngologic approach to granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener’s)." ACTA DE OTORRINOLARINGOLOGÍA & CIRUGÍA DE CABEZA Y CUELLO 42, no. 4 (August 14, 2018): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37076/acorl.v42i4.150.
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Introducción: La granulomatosis con poliangeítis (de Wegener) es una enfermedad poco frecuente, sin embargo, el 80 a 90% de los casos tienen manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas, muchas como único síntoma inicial de la enfermedad. Objetivos: El propósito de este artículo es revisar la literatura disponible actualizada sobre granulomatosis con poliangeítis: manifestaciones clínicas, estándares de enfoque, diagnóstico y tratamiento en otorrinolaringología. Diseño: Revisión narrativa de la literatura. Materiales y métodos: Revisión de la literatura mediante búsqueda selectiva por términos MeSH: Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Wegener Granulomatosis, de las bases de datos:MEDLINE, Current Contents, Cochrane, Pubmed y Scielo, entre los años 2000 y 2014. Resultados: Se revisaron 39 artículos según los requerimientos de los objetivos. La evidencia científica actual reconoce la importancia del conocimiento sobre granulomatosis con poliangeítis (de Wegener) en otorrinolaringología, para obtener diagnósticos tempranos y ofrecer manejos oportunos. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos de la granulomatosis con poliangeítis (de Wegener) son las únicas herramientas para mejorar el pronóstico y calidad de vida de los pacientes con esta enfermedad.Introduction: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s) is a rare disease,however 80% to 90% of the cases have otolaryngologic manifestations, many as initial symptoms of the disease. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to review the current literature about granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Clinic manifestations, approach standards, diagnosis and treatment in otolaryngology. Design: Narrative review. Materials and methods: Literature review by selective search for MeSH terms: Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Wegenergranulomatosis, in the databases: MEDLINE, Current Contents, Cochrane, PubMed and SciELO, between 2000 and 2014. Results: 39 articles were reviewed according to the requirements of the objectives. Current scientific evidence recognizes the importance of the knowledge about granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s) in otolaryngology, in order to give an early diagnosis and to provide an opportune treatment. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and treatment of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s) are the only tools to change the prognosis as well as quality of life of patients with this disease.
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Fekete, Szilvia, Dóra Szabó, László Tamás, and Gábor Polony. "A mikrobiom szerepe a fül-orr-gégészetben." Orvosi Hetilap 160, no. 39 (September 2019): 1533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2019.31451.
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Abstract: Our health is highly determined by the diverse microbial community living within our body and upon our skin. Balance among the members of the commensal microbiota is essential for the preservation of health. New generation sequencing is a rapid, sensitive method for determining the whole microbiome without prior hypothesis and also gives information on the resistance and virulence status. Application of this method can help to identify the pathogens contributing to different diseases, and also the protective bacteria inhibiting their growth. Detecting the changes of the microbiome helps to identify new therapeutic targets and establish targeted antibiotic therapy. Broad-spectrum antibiotics also act against the beneficial members of the microbial flora, which may lead to the development of recurrent or chronic disease. Ear, nose and throat infections are the most common infective diseases in humans and the leading cause for antibiotic prescription worldwide. In recent years, many studies using molecular biology methods were performed examining the microbiome of healthy humans and in otorhinolaryngologic diseases. In the present work, the authors review the changes of the microbiological communities in the healthy state and in various pathologic states in the anatomic regions of the ear, nose and throat. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(39): 1533–1541.
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Abe, Masanobu, Akihisa Mitani, Atsushi Yao, Hideyuki Takeshima, Liang Zong, Kazuto Hoshi, and Shintaro Yanagimoto. "Close Associations of Gum Bleeding with Systemic Diseases in Late Adolescence." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 4290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124290.
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Background: Though it is well known that periodontal diseases are associated with various systemic diseases in adults, the associations in late adolescents have not been adequately elucidated. We investigated the association between gum bleeding (a major symptom of periodontal diseases) and common systemic diseases in late adolescents: allergic, respiratory, and otorhinolaryngologic diseases. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the mandatory medical questionnaires administered as a part of legally required freshman medical checkup between April 2017 and April 2019 at the University of Tokyo. Among the total of 9376 sets of responses, 9098 sets from students aged less than 20 were analyzed. An χ2 test and univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression analyses were performed using SAS ver. 9.4. A value of p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: According to the questionnaire data, 3321 students (36.5%; 2780 males and 541 females) responded that they experienced gum bleeding whenever they brushed their teeth. These students had significantly higher incidence rates of otitis media/externa and asthma/cough-variant asthma (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). The results of the multivariate analysis showed significant rates of the following complications among these students: (1) otitis media/externa (odds ratio (OR) 1.691; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.193–2.396; p = 0.003), (2) asthma/cough-variant asthma (OR 1.303; 95% CI: 1.091–1.556; p = 0.003), and (3) male gender (OR 1.536; 95% CI: 1.337–1.765; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Gum bleeding was closely associated with otitis media/externa and asthma in late adolescents. Our study reinforces new evidence about the association between periodontal diseases and asthma, and it reveals a novel and close association between gum bleeding and otitis media/externa.
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Shanbhag, Swapna S., James Chodosh, Cherie Fathy, Jeremy Goverman, Caroline Mitchell, and Hajirah N. Saeed. "Multidisciplinary care in Stevens-Johnson syndrome." Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 11 (January 2020): 204062231989446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2040622319894469.
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are potentially fatal mucocutaneous diseases that can involve many organ systems. Manifestations of SJS/TEN outside of the skin, eyes, and oral mucosa are not well defined or well recognized, and, therefore, are often not addressed clinically. As supportive care improves and mortality from SJS/TEN decreases, chronic complications in affected organ systems are becoming more prevalent. Recognition of the manifestations of SJS/TEN in the acute phase is critical to optimal care. In this review, we review the organ systems that may be involved in SJS/TEN, provide an overview of their management, and propose a list of items that should be communicated to the patient and family upon discharge. The organ systems discussed include the pulmonary, gastrointestinal/hepatic, oral, otorhinolaryngologic, gynecologic, genitourinary, and renal systems. In addition, the significant psychosocial, nutritional, and pain consequences and management of SJS/TEN are discussed.
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Singh, Himani, S. S. Bist, and Vinish Kumar Agarwal. "Pattern of Otorhinolaryngolic Diseases in Geriatric Population." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, S-3 (November 1, 2023): 1268–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44is-3.1410.
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Objective- To determine the pattern of otorhinolaryngological disorders in geriatric population and to establish a correlation with socioeconomic factors. Methods- A total of 1020 geriatric patients who attended the otorhinolaryngology department were included in the study. They were subjected to brief history, examination and the socioeconomic status. Results were analyzed by using appropriate statistical tests analyzing percentage and proportion. BG. Prasad’s classification was used to categories patients into classes based on the socioeconomic status of an individual. Investigations pertaining to the system involved were carried out and the diagnosis was made according ly. Results- The most common affected organ was ear (33%) and the most common disease diagnosed among geriatric patient assessed was presbycusis (25.2%). Although epistaxis, chronic pharyngitis and malignancy larynx were also commonly diagnosed. Among all patients’ males was on the lead and the middle-class patients mostly attended the otorhinolaryngology department. Conclusion- In present study the male patients formed the major bulk of geriatric patients. The majority of geriatric patients belonged to age group between 60 to 70years and most of them belonged to middle socioeconomic class. The aim of our study was to find out the pattern of otorhinolaryngological diseases in which we observed that most common affected organs among the geriatric patients was ear. Presbycusis out of all disorder was the most common ear disease among geriatric patients.
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AMATO, Valdir S., Maria Irma S. DUARTE, Antonio C. Nicodemo, Leda Viegas de CARVALHO, Carla PAGLIARI, Vania Lúcia Ribeiro da MATTA, Luciana Silveira de OLIVEIRA, et al. "An Evaluation of clinical, serologic, anatomopathologic and immunohistochemical findings for fifteen patients with mucosal leishmaniasis before and after treatment." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 40, no. 1 (January 1998): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651998000100006.
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Treatment of mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) can be controlled by clinical examination and by serologic titers by the indirect immunofluorescence serologic reaction (IISR). We studied the correlation between the presence of antigen in tissue determined by immunohistochemistry, the IISR titers and the anatomopathologic findings in fifteen patients with ML before and after healing of the lesions as determined by otorhinolaryngologic evaluation, and evaluated these parameters to determine which of them could be useful during follow-up. Tissue antigens became negative in four patients (group A) after treatment, with a statistically significant reduction or negativity of IISR titers (p<0.05). This did not occur in patients in whom the antigen persisted after treatment (group B), suggesting that serologic follow-up should be performed together with the search for tissue antigen, a combination which, to our knowledge, has not been used in previous studies. The negativity of tissue antigens and the behavior of IIRS titers in group A patients probably indicate a lower possibility of recurrence. Upon anatomopathologic examination the inflammatory process was found to persist after treatment even in group A, suggesting that the permanence of inflammatory activity even in clinically healed lesions is possibly correlated with the presence of the antigen or of some unknown factor.
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Sarafoleanu, Codrut, Elena Patrascu, George Bacarna, and Gabriela Violeta Melinte. "Pulmonary tuberculosis with rhinosinusal and otic manifestations - diagnostic challenge." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 9, no. 35 (September 1, 2019): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjr-2019-0019.
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Abstract BACKGROUND. Unfortunately, tuberculosis is still being diagnosed among patients, independent of their age, gender, provenance or social category. The etiologic agent of tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is known to have a period of latency between the initial infection and the clinical manifestation. The most common localization is pulmonary, but it can affect, secondarily, other organs, especially in the ENT regions, mimicking other systemic diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We are presenting a case of a 51-year-old female patient, who was referred to our ENT Clinic with the suspicion of Behcet’s disease with rhinosinusal manifestations. She had a pulmonary assessment in another hospital, as she was known with left lung bronchiectasis, but the sputum samples were negative. The clinical otorhinolaryngologic examination together with the rheumato-logical assessment and the result of the nasal mucosa biopsy were suggestive for Behcet’s disease and the patient received 6 weeks of Prednisolone. The specific immunologic tests (cANCA, pANCA, HLA B51) were negative. The patient returned to our clinic after 2 months, accusing symptomatology reacutization with right otorrhea and bilateral hearing loss aggravation. Nasal and rhinopharyngeal mucosa biopsies were repeated and the anatomopathological result was specific for tuberculosis. RESULTS. She was referred to the Pneumology Service where she received the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis with rhinosinusal and otic manifestations. Currently, the patient is under tuberculostatic treatment. CONCLUSION. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis symptoms might be confused with other systemic diseases with rhinosinusal manifestations. Thorough examination and multidisciplinary approach are mandatory in order to establish a correct diagnosis followed by an appropriate treatment.
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Takayama, Shin, Ryutaro Arita, Minoru Ohsawa, Akiko Kikuchi, Hiromichi Yasui, Toshiaki Makino, Yoshiharu Motoo, and Tadashi Ishii. "Perspectives on the Use of Ninjin’yoeito in Modern Medicine: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (September 2, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9590260.
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Background. Ninjin’yoeito (NYT), a traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine that originates from China, has been used to treat qi and blood deficiency based on its original concept. Kampo medicine has been widely used to treat many conditions and disorders combined with western medicine or Kampo medicine alone in modern situation. Aims. We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of NYT and discussed various standpoints regarding its use in modern situation. Methods. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Evidence Reports of Kampo Treatment (EKAT) for articles written in English, and Ichushi, J-Stage, and EKAT for those written in Japanese. Articles published before January 1, 2019, were retrieved using the keywords “ninjinyoeito” and “ninjin’yoeito,” and RCTs were selected from these extracted articles. Result. Of 734 articles, 13 were RCTs, 46 were non-RCTs or studies of other designs, 15 were case reports, and 36 were experimental studies using NYT. NYT was evaluated for its use as a treatment for cancer and related conditions, refractory blood diseases and conditions, and otorhinolaryngologic symptom in 13 RCTs. Based on the use of Kampo medicine in modern situation called as Yasui’s classification, 10 of 13 RCTs were categorized as “the side effects of Western medicinal treatment are mitigated when combined with Kampo treatment” and the remaining 3 were categorized as “treatment effect of Kampo medicine is increased in combination with standard Western medicinal treatment.” Conclusion. Several studies demonstrated the efficacy of NYT in refractory diseases and other conditions, and the accompanied side effects of treatment with western medicine.
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Morozova, Svetlana V., and Ekaterina M. Pawlushina. "Relationship between the state of the lymphoid-pharyngeal ring and xerostomia syndrome." Consilium Medicum 23, no. 9 (2021): 410–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20751753.2021.9.201028.
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Xerostomia is a condition that develops with a decrease in saliva secretion (hyposialia) or cessation of saliva secretion (asialia) and is characterized by dryness in the oral cavity. Xerostomia is widespread in different age groups, but is most common in older age groups. In a number of diseases, for example, in Sjogren's disease, xerostomia is the leading symptom complex and determines the severity of the clinical picture. Chronic inflammatory diseases of the pharynx, such as chronic tonsillitis and chronic pharyngitis, may be accompanied by a pronounced decrease in saliva secretion. Timely conservative treatment of inflammatory diseases of the pharynx has a positive effect on the dynamics of the course of xerostomia. To diagnose this condition, patients are advised to undergo sialometry. Xerostomia can be observed in the long term after bilateral tonsillectomy and, which forces patients to seek medical help. To eliminate dryness in the oral cavity after otorhinolaryngological interventions, in particular after bilateral tonsillectomy, saliva substitutes are widely used in practical otorhinolaryngology. Data on the relationship between the state of the lymphoid-pharyngeal ring and xerostomia syndrome are presented in the modern literature by single publications, and therefore, studies of the relationship between inflammatory diseases of the pharynx and the level of saliva secretion are certainly of significant scientific and practical interest. Treatment of patients suffering from both subjective and objective xerostomia requires an interdisciplinary approach with the participation of a dentist, otorhinolaryngologist and doctors of other specialties (gerantologist, endocrinologist, rheumatologist, psychotherapist). Modern methods of surgical treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis and xerostomia using radio wave methods, highenergy laser radiation, coblator should be considered as an alternative to classical bilateral tonsillectomy.
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Riederer, A. P., G. O. Grein, and J. R. Bogner. "High prevalence of opportunistic infections in the head and neck related to human immunodeficiency virus. A prospective study of the distribution of otorhinolaryngologic disorders in 250 patients." Infection 24, no. 6 (November 1996): 440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01713046.
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Ryazantsev, S. V., I. V. Fanta, and S. S. Pavlova. "Pathogenetic therapy of rhinosinusites in the practice of otorhinolaryngologist." Medical Council, no. 6 (April 28, 2019): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-6-68-73.
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An important and topical problem of modern otorhinolaryngology is the search for effective and safe medicines for the treatment of bacterial sinusitis, which is one of the most common human diseases, and this problem is becoming more and more acute every year. When prescribing antibacterial therapy for patients with acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, an otorhinolaryngologist should be sure that the drug has a rapid bactericidal effect, the spectrum of its activity includes most of the possible pathogens, and pharmacodynamics of the drug contribute to its accumulation in the focus of the pathological process.
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Akimov, V. N. "Domestic otorhinolaryngology. On the 50th anniversary of Soviet healthcare." Kazan medical journal 50, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj100674.
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In pre-revolutionary Russia, there were about 300-400 doctors-specialists in ear, throat and nose diseases, who had about 200 beds at their disposal. Departments of otorhinolaryngology were only at the Military Medical Academy, at the Higher Women's Medical Courses, at the Clinical Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors, at the medical faculties of Moscow and Saratov Universities. Advanced training of doctors was carried out only at the clinical institute, opened in 1885. in St. Petersburg, and even then in a very limited number of disciplines (in particular, the office for ear diseases was opened only in 1889). Of course, with such a state of affairs, there could be no question of any effective otorhinolaryngological services for the population of the country.
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Kurono, Yuichi. "Eosinophilic Diseases in Otorhinolaryngology." Nihon Kikan Shokudoka Gakkai Kaiho 70, no. 5 (October 10, 2019): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2468/jbes.70.320.
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TAKASAKA, TOMONORI. "Allergic diseases in otorhinolaryngology." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 79, no. 3 (1986): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.79.449.
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Krasnodębska, Paulina, Agnieszka Jarzyńska-Bućko, Agata Szkiełkowska, Beata Miaśkiewicz, and Henryk Skarżyński. "Diagnosis in Muscle Tension Dysphagia." Otolaryngologia Polska 74, no. 4 (June 14, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1997.
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Patient-reported outcome measures have been used within the otorhinolaryngologic disorders field for many years to compare patient perception of the severity of symptoms and the effectiveness of a therapeutic approach. Questionnaires that evaluate dysphagia are relatively complex instruments aimed mostly at patients with neurological or malignant diseases. The ICD-10 classification specifies only one broad term – dysphagia (R13). Introduction of Muscle Tension Dysphagia (MTDg) in 2016 by Kang completed the spectrum of nomenclature. This dysphagia type is defined as a type of laryngeal muscle tension disorder manifesting primarily as swallowing difficulty with or without any accompanying organic cause, laryngeal hyperresponsiveness and/or nonspecific laryngeal inflammation. Since there were no clear diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives on the group of patients with MTDg, the aim of this work was to analyse selected diagnostic tools used for the evaluation of swallowing disorders in the context of finding the most suitable tools for patients with Muscle Tension Dysphagia. The material of the work included 61 patients. Each patient underwent otolaryngologic, phoniatric and speech therapist examination, Functional Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) and filled out questionnaires concerning dysphonia and dysphagia symptoms. The results of the work showed that patients with MTDg were characterised by correct results of FEES examination, prolonged swallowing, features of inappropriate mucous and oropharyngeal muscle function. The Swallowing Disorder Scale (SDS), developed by the authors, correlated best with the cause of dysphagia. The questionnaire corresponded well with the degree of severity. In the diagnostic process of MTDg one of the key tasks is the differentiation with patients with non-normative swallowing patterns. Apart from specialistic consultations with otolaryngologist and speech therapist, while diagnosing MTDg we recommend using objective (FEES, videofluroscopy, SEMG) and subjective (SDS, DHI, EAT-10 surveys) assessment tools. In our opinion the inclusion of questionnaires to detect reflux syndromes is also important in the causal treatment of ailments.
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Tsallagova, A. H., and V. N. Tregubov. "Satisfaction of patients with diseases of ear and mastoid process with quality of primary specialized outpatient care." Russian Otorhinolaryngology 21, no. 5 (2022): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2022-5-82-90.
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Diseases of the ear and mastoid process occupy an important place in the structure of pathology of ENT organs and in the activities of an otorhinolaryngologist, whose quality of work largely determines patient satisfaction with medical care. The purpose of this study is to analyze the satisfaction of patients with diseases of the ear and mastoid process with the quality of primary specialized medical care in outpatient settings. To achieve the research goal, sociological, statistical, analytical, and logical methods were used. 120 patients were involved in the sociological study, the analysis of the questionnaire survey cards filled out by them allowed determining the satisfaction of patients with otorhinolaryngological care in outpatient settings and factors influencing the occurrence of ENT diseases. Statistical analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of ear and mastoid process diseases, the provision of citizens with otorhinolaryngologists, their qualitative characteristics was carried out from 2015 to 2019 according to official statistics. With the help of analytical and logical methods, the conclusions based on the results of this study were substantiated. According to the results of the study, the proportion of patients with diseases of the ear and mastoid process satisfied with the quality of primary specialized medical care in outpatient settings is 80,4% on average. The main causes of ear and mastoid process diseases in patients are hypothermia 39,3%, neuropsychic overfatigue 20%, and heredity 17.4%. In general, the level of primary and general morbidity of the ear and mastoid process from 2015 to 2019 in citizens has negative dynamics, while in different age groups the rate of increase (decrease) in morbidity, depending on disease entity, has its own characteristics, which must be considered when planning otorhinolaryngological care. The provision of citizens with otorhinolaryngologists practically did not change from 2015 to 2019 and averaged 0,62 per 10,000 population.
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Serebryakova, I. Yu, T. I. Garashchenko, A. O. Kuznetsov, and A. O. Akhinyan. "Application of mucosecretolytics of plant origin in otorinolaryngology." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 6 (May 12, 2021): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-6-133-137.
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In modern otorhinolaryngology the use of herbal remedies, so-called clinical homeopathy, is widely used both as a basic and as part of complex therapy. A special place among this category belongs to medicines with secretolytic and mucolytic properties. This is due to the developed mucociliary system of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, which primarily suffers in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Most chemical mucoactive preparations have only one of the three mucosecretolytic effects and have a large number of contraindications. Herbal preparations, such as those containing Myrtol standardized, have secretolytic and mucolytic properties at the same time. Phytopreparations have deservedly occupied a leading place in the treatment of otorhinolaryngological diseases, as they have practically no contraindications and are successfully used in patients with comorbid pathology, children of all age groups and pregnant women. The efficacy of using preparations containing Myrtol standardized in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs and chronic atrophic diseases of the upper respiratory tract has been studied in a number of randomized clinical trials. The authors analysed 21 literature sources, reflecting the results of using mucosecretolytic drugs in otorhinolaryngology. In the complex treatment of acute rhinosinusitis and rhinopharyngitis the use of natural mucosecretolytic drugs significantly reduces the period of disability and avoids bacterial complications in both adult and paediatric practice. Mucolytic and antioxidant properties of preparations containing Myrtol allow for long-term effective therapy of subatrophic and atrophic processes of pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa in elderly patients with comorbid pathology. An analysis of randomised trials has proven the efficacy of plant-based mucosecretolytics in the treatment of not only acute but also chronic upper respiratory tract diseases
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Khublaryan, Alvina G., Andrey I. Kryukov, Natalya L. Kunelskaya, Evgeny V. Garov, Pavel A. Sudarev, Vitautas E. Kiselyus, Victoria N. Zelenkova, Anastasiya A. Ivanova, Anton P. Osadchiy, and Natalya G. Shevyrina. "Application of artificial intelligence algorithms for diagnosing the pathology of ear diseases." Digital Diagnostics 5, no. 1S (July 3, 2024): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/dd627081.
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BACKGROUND: Timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease is the foundation for effective treatment strategies for the patient. The authors demonstrate in their study that otolaryngologists are incorrect in approximately one-quarter of their diagnoses, while general practitioners (internists, pediatricians, and paramedics) are incorrect in approximately one-half of their diagnoses. Consequently, this results in the emergence of complications, the chronicization of processes, an increase in treatment and rehabilitation time, a deterioration of the population’s ability to work, and a decline in patient confidence [1]. In the field of foreign medicine, artificial intelligence tools have been actively introduced in otorhinolaryngology. The most prevalent application of artificial intelligence in otorhinolaryngology is the use of computer vision as a tool for training and subsequently for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, throat, and nose. According to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, on average, more than 6% of the population of the country consults an otorhinolaryngologist annually with pathology of the external and middle ear. This aligns with the observation that approximately 9 million individuals require consultation with an otorhinolaryngologist on an annual basis. In otorhinolaryngology, images obtained from endoscopic examinations of patients (e.g., videolaryngoscopy) are used to train neural networks [2–4]. The development and introduction of technologies based on the application of artificial intelligence algorithms into clinical practice is one of the priorities of medical technology development and requires a careful and balanced approach to the development and training of such systems. AIM: The study aimed to develop and train a neural network (artificial intelligence algorithms) to detect ear pathology from digital endoscopic images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The initial phase of our research involved the creation of a digital database comprising endoscopic photographs. For this purpose, endovideos of normal and pathologically altered tympanic membranes in an anonymized format were collected during a standard otosurgical appointment. The subsequent step was to establish a system of criteria for evaluating the images for subsequent annotation. A diagnostic tree of ear diseases based on visual features was constructed to develop a reasoning algorithm for identifying the condition (normal/pathological) of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. The subjective nature of image evaluation was mitigated by implementing a collegial approach in a consilium format. In order to train the neural network, the research team performed, uploaded, and labeled 5,750 digital endoscopic images in JPEG format. A total of 750 images of the external auditory canal with an unaltered tympanic membrane were identified, while 5,000 images exhibited pathological alterations. The images were subsequently labeled in accordance with the established criteria for evaluating visual features, which were then used to assign the nosological status of the disease or norm. RESULTS: The study yielded insights into the main metrics, namely specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity. The results of the values for 11 classes (normal and 10 different nosologies) revealed a considerable degree of variation in the metrics. The specificity metric exhibited a range of values from 0.846 to 0.982, while the accuracy metric demonstrated a similar range from 0.422 to 0.950. The sensitivity metric exhibited a narrower range of values, from 0.433 to 0.900. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the potential for developing and training a neural network based on the application of artificial intelligence algorithms to assess the condition of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. In this case, the collection of high-quality images is not the sole crucial component; equally important is the competent annotation of data and the creation of a “tree of diagnoses” based on visual features. Further improvement of the accuracy of recognizing the main ear diseases can serve as the basis for the creation of a system of assistance in medical decision-making and provide direct assistance in practical medicine.
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Prokopakis, E. P., P. W. Hellings, G. A. Velegrakis, and H. Kawauchi. "From ancient Greek medicine to EP³OS." Rhinology journal 48, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino09.211.
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The manuscripts of eminent Byzantine physicians from the 4th to the 14th century contain extensive information on various otorhinolaryngological issues. In their work, the early knowledge of rhinological disease from definition and symptoms to conservative treatment and surgical intervention is intriguing. Most of this meticulous knowledge was developed through time, beginning mainly from Hippocrates and the Hellenistic period. Thereafter, medicine developed through Roman and Byzantium times to finally influence European medicine and later the rest of the Western world. History of medicine reflects the history of mankind itself, and otorhinolaryngology follows closely this path. Our goal is to slim down and illuminate the most challenging of the vast amount of information on rhinological issues contained in the original Greek text of Hippocrates, and mainly in the hagiographical texts of Byzantine medical writers. In particular, we focus on rhinological diseases from antiquity till the time being, following the journey of evolution of topical and nebulizer therapy for sinonasal inflammatory diseases in Greece, from "milothris" to modern nasal sprays, leading to an understanding of the philosophy of our predecessors and the roots of modern rhinology.
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Haswani, NehaVijay, Harsh Suri, and Gangadhara Somayaji. "Role of biofilms in otorhinolaryngological Diseases." Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences 9, no. 1 (2021): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/amhs.amhs_291_20.
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Behera, Sharmistha, Bidisha Mahapatra, Sasmita Sahu, and Sonali Sahoo. "OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICAL DISEASES MASQUERADING AS ORBITAL TUMOURS." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 4, no. 77 (September 22, 2017): 4507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2017/899.
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Velegrakis, George, Charalambos Skoulakis, John Bizakis, John Segas, and Emmanuel Helidonis. "Otorhinolaryngological diseases in the minoan era." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 107, no. 10 (October 1993): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100124697.
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AbstractMinoan civilization was one of the civilizations of the past and flourished in the island of Crete between the years 2600 B.C. and 1100 B.C. Archaeological excavations brought to the light buildings and items, showing that the Minoans had an extensive knowledge about hygiene and health matters.Among the items were idols, depicting anatomical parts of the human body and different pathological changes. These idols were offered by suffering people to gods and goddesses in order to beg for their help in curing them.In a study carried out on idols kept in the Heraklion Museum, a number of interesting anatomical details and pathological changes, concerning the head and neck area were recognized.
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Shlyaga, I. D., and K. P. Miadzvedzeva. "NONSPECIFIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE MIDDLE EAR." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 1 (March 28, 2007): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2007-4-1-20.
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The analysis of the structure of nonspecific inflammatory diseases of middle ear is represented in the present article. The prevalence of separate nozological forms at the group of patients of the otorhinolaryngological unit of the Gomel Regional Clinical Hospital for the period from January 1st until December, 2005 is revealed. Possible complications of acute and chronic middle otitises are considered, most often complications are revealed. Methods of diagnostics and the treatments now used in the otorhinolaryngological unit of the Gomel Regional Clinical Hospital are analyzed.
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Дрегалкина, Анна, Anna Dregalkina, Ирина Костина, Irina Kostina, Ольга Салий, and Olga Salii. "CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MAXILLARY SINUSITIS, THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM." Actual problems in dentistry 15, no. 3 (October 25, 2019): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2019-15-3-82-89.
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Object. Patients with inflammatory diseases of paranasal sinuses make up about 1/3 of the total number of patients admitted to hospitals with diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
The aim of the study was to describe the causes and methods of treatment of maxillofacial sinusitis according to the Department of maxillofacial surgery and otorhinolaryngology SB "SOKB № 1" AND compare them for the periods from 2006 to 2007 and from 2015 to 2018 g.
Methodology. A retrospective study of nosology according to the annual reports and protocols of operating journals, patient histories of the Department of maxillofacial surgery and otorhinolaryngology SB "SOKB № 1" FOR the periods from 2006 to 2007, and from 2015 to 2018.
Results. Over the investigated period, the proportion of hospitalized patients with sinusitis increased 1.9 times. Between 2016 and 2017, 2.7 times more patients with chronic sinusitis and rhinosinusitis were hospitalized than in 2006-2007. The number of hospitalized patients with acute sinusitis decreased significantly (9.5 times). The frequency of chronic inflammation in the maxillary sinus is 3.3-7.4 times higher than in other paranasal sinuses. Women predominate among patients with sinusitis. The age of patients with sinusitis is varied, but middle-aged and young people make up the majority. Analysis of factors of infection of the maxillary sinus showed that the most common cause of inflammation of the maxillary sinus in hospitalized patients were foreign bodies and perforations of the bottom of the sinus when removing the upper teeth. The analysis of surgical treatment methods of chronic maxillary sinusitis in different years showed that in 2006-2007 Caldwell—Luke sinusotomy prevailed, and now – endoscopic sinusotomy.
Conclusion. Pathology of maxillary sinuses requires a comprehensive approach of an otorhinolaryngologist, dentist and maxillofacial surgeon in matters of diagnostic and therapeutic tactics.
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Kim, Sungwook, Ruchire Wijesinghe, Jaeyul Lee, Muhammad Shirazi, Pilun Kim, Jeong Jang, Mansik Jeon, and Jeehyun Kim. "Multiple Wavelength Optical Coherence Tomography Assessments for Enhanced Ex Vivo Intra-Cochlear Microstructural Visualization." Electronics 7, no. 8 (July 31, 2018): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7080133.
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The precise identification of intra-cochlear microstructures is an essential otorhinolaryngological requirement to diagnose the progression of cochlea related diseases. Thus, we demonstrated an experimental procedure to investigate the most optimal wavelength range, which can enhance the visualization of ex vivo intra-cochlear microstructures using multiple wavelengths (i.e., 860 nm, 1060 nm, and 1300 nm) based optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems. The high-resolution tomograms, volumetric, and quantitative evaluations obtained from Basilar membrane, organ of Corti, and scala vestibule regions revealed complementary comparisons between the aforementioned three distinct wavelengths based OCT systems. Compared to 860 nm and 1300 nm wavelengths, 1060 nm wavelength OCT was discovered to be an appropriate wavelength range verifying the simultaneously obtainable high-resolution and reasonable depth range visualization of intra-cochlear microstructures. Therefore, the implementation of 1060 nm OCT can minimize the necessity of two distinct OCT systems. Moreover, the results suggest that the performed qualitative and quantitative analysis procedure can be used as a powerful tool to explore further anatomical structures of the cochlea for future studies in otorhinolaryngology.
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Shardanov, Z. N., S. A. Artyushkin, A. A. Krivopalov, N. A. Shnayder, A. Yu Shcherbuk, Yu A. Shcherbuk, and A. I. Krasikova. "Inflammatory diseases of ENT organs and purulentseptic intracranial complications associated with them in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic." Medical Council, no. 20 (November 16, 2019): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-20-121-126.
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Actuality. The growth of inflammatory diseases of ENT organs and associated purulent-septic intracranial complications is an urgent problem of modern otorhinolaryngology. Severe complications associated with sepsis and inflammatory lesions of the membranes and brain matter are life-threatening conditions for otorhinolaryngological patients.Objective. To study the epidemiological situation of inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs and associated purulent-septic intracranial complications in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.Materials and methods. Data of official statistics, electronic databases, statistical reports of the Ministry of Health of the KabardinoBalkan Republic, data of outpatient’s medical records and hospital medical records of multidisciplinary medical and preventive institutions, data on the prevalence of diseases of ENT organs in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic from 2011 to 2018 among adults and children.Results and conclusions. The results obtained reflect a significant increase in inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic from 2011 to 2018. both in the number of reported cases and in the primary incidence. Despite the decrease in the number of inpatient ENT beds in the Republic in 2013, the number of patients treated increased. The reduction of ENT beds entailed an increase in hospital mortality, which is represented exclusively by ENT-associated intracranial complications. Today, the Republic has a rather high level of ENT-associated intracranial complications associated with low prevention and diagnosis of inflammatory ENT diseases, which dictates the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach (ENT doctor, neurologist, ophthalmologist, resuscitator, therapist, neurosurgeon), the need for review management tactics, development of algorithms for the diagnosis and optimal treatment of patients with ENT-associated HFD.
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Krivopalov, A. A., S. V. Ryazantsev, E. Yu Mironov, A. M. Korkmazov, and N. V. Kornova. "Brief history of adrenomimetics and improved combinations in treatment of upper respiratory tract diseases." Russian Otorhinolaryngology 23, no. 1 (2024): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2024-2-101-110.
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One of the important components in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract is the use of topical adrenomimetics, the irrational use of which leads to the development of local and systemic side effects. To minimize the negative effects, it is necessary to use modern vasoconstrictive drugs that have a complex effect due to the addition of medicines to their composition that improve mucociliary clearance, moisturize the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal, regeneration processes. The aim of the work was to study the possibility of effective use of a decongestant with alpha-adrenomimetic activity xylometazoline in combination with sodium hyaluronate. The material for the study was a review of the literature on the use of vasoconstrictors in practical otorhinolaryngology for the period 2003–2023, in domestic specialized publications eLibrary, and scientific databases Scopus, Web of Science, Medline. A brief review of the research methods described by the authors as well as the results of drug therapy was conducted. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in the daily practice of an otorhinolaryngologist local short-acting decongestants are frequently prescribed drugs. They are used during diagnostic procedures, for therapeutic purposes, and, if used irrationally, can cause local and systemic side effects. Conclusion. To a greater extent, side effects are inherent in short-acting drugs; prolonged decongestants should be used, and it is advisable to not exceed the duration of the recommended treatment courses; one of the ways to solve this issue is to add hyaluronic acid to the decongestant.
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U Gopan, Greeshma. "Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations Following COVID-19 Disease-A Cross-Sectional Observational Study." Journal of Communicable Diseases 56, no. 01 (April 24, 2024): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202411.
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Kiselev, A. S., and A. A. Vavilova. "Редкие заболевания в практике поликлинического оториноларинголога. Некоторые аспекты диагностики." Russian Otorhinolaryngology 21, no. 4 (2022): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2022-4-113-122.
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The article is a review of the diagnostic features of some rare ENT diseases, which the author would like to focus on based on his own clinical experience to help the outpatient otorhinolaryngologist. Among such diseases are neuroma of the VIII cranial nerve and tumors of the nasopharynx. It is emphasized that the first symptoms in the form of hearing loss in these diseases can help guide the doctor’s thoughts in the right direction in order to transfer the patient to a specialized institution in a timely manner. The importance of Weber’s test in the diagnosis of these diseases is noted. So, with neuroma of the VIII nerve, the symptom of N. S. Blagoveshchenskaya (lack of lateralization toward the better ear in case of unilateral hearing loss according to the type of sound perception) makes it possible to suspect an acoustic neuroma. And with a tumor of the nasopharynx, a unilateral hearing loss according to the type of sound conduction, resulting from compression of the auditory tube by the tumor, may be the first symptom of the disease. The article discusses the diagnostic aspects of other rare ENT diseases: destructing adenoma of the nasal septum, granulating external otitis, benign tumors of the sweat glands of the auricle and external auditory canal, lateral branchial cysts of the neck. In addition to the listed diseases, the author, also sharing his own clinical observations, dwells on a rather rare complication of latent sphenoiditis – paresis of the abducens (VI) nerve. Another clinical example devoted to anosmia describes a rare mechanism of its development – traumatic, when falling back and hitting the surface with the back of the head. This mechanism can be explained by the detachment of olfactory fibers in the region of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, which occurs due to the inertial displacement of the brain structures during a backward fall.Кеyworlds: neuroma, acoustic, early diagnosis, nasopharyngeal tumor, destructive nasal septum adenoma, granulating otitis externa, benign tumors of the auricle, lateral branchial (congenital) cysts of the neck, latent sinusitis, sphenoiditis, optochiasmal arachnoiditis, abducens (VI) nerve, trauma of the ethmoidal labyrinth, anosmia.
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Joshi, Parijat, Murundi Basavarajaiah Bharathi, and Ambale Rudrappa Babu. "Myriad of Otorhinolaryngology Diseases Presenting as Unilateral Proptosis." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 12, no. 2-3 (2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1367.
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Санукевич, Т. Г., Ж. В. Колядич, Н. М. Тризна, Л. В. Мириленко, М. Г. Орлова, and Л. Э. Макарина-Кибак. "Organizational and Personnel Support of the Activity of State Health Care Organizations of the Republic of Belarus on Early Diagnosis of Laryngeal Tumors." Оториноларингология. Восточная Европа 13, no. 3 (September 25, 2023): 259–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2023.13.3.021.
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Введение. В систему менеджмента качества противораковой борьбы вовлечены врач общей практики (ВОП), врач-оториноларинголог (ЛОР), врач-стоматолог, врачонколог. Понимание иерархии и управление системой взаимосвязанных процессов на примере предраковых заболеваний гортани (ПЗГ) как социально значимой патологии, связанной с инвалидизирующим лечением пациентов с раком гортани, оценка кадровых ресурсов важны для повышения эффективности организации деятельности каждой из вышеуказанных служб в общем ключе ранней диагностики опухолей головы и шеи. Цель. Проанализировать соответствие кадрового обеспечения организаций здравоохранения задачам оказания эффективной медицинской помощи пациентам с ПЗГ. Материалы и методы. На основании сведений, представленных по запросу главными управлениями по здравоохранению облисполкомов и комитета по здравоохранению г. Минска, проанализирована действующая организационная структура, кадровое обеспечение амбулаторно-поликлинических организаций за 2019 и 2022 гг. Результаты. В Республике Беларусь укомплектованность амбулаторно-поликлинических организаций врачами общей практики и врачами-оториноларингологами в целом находится на достаточном уровне. Показатель обеспеченности населения ЛОР (0,050 на 1000 нас.) соответствует среднереспубликанскому нормативу. В большинстве регионов оториноларингологическая служба представлена опытными врачами, из которых 63,8% имеют квалификационную категорию. На одного ВОП приходится 2,62 пациента с длительным нарушением голоса, на одного ЛОР – 22,8 пациента с предраковыми заболеваниями гортани различных категорий в год. Количество посещений, совершаемых пациентами с данной патологией, находится в пределах от 30 в Брестской области до 126 в г. Минске в год, в среднем по республике оно уменьшилось по сравнению с 2019 г. с 79 до 63 в 2022 г. Количество биопсий, проведенных пациентам для верификации диагноза, из расчета на одного ЛОР колеблется от 0,7 в г. Минске до 10,3 в Гомельской области в 2019 г. и от 1,0 в г. Минске до 11,6 в Гомельской области – в 2022 г. Выводы. В Республике Беларусь укомплектованность амбулаторно-поликлинических организаций ВОП и ЛОР в целом находится на достаточном уровне, имеющаяся незначительная недоукомплектованность не может влиять на своевременность диагностики опухолей головы и шеи. Вследствие омоложения кадрового состава оториноларингологической службы необходимо повышать профессиональный уровень медицинских работников через практикоориентированное обучение. Introduction. General practitioner, otorhinolaryngologist, dentist, and oncologist are involved in the quality management system of anticancer management. Understanding the hierarchy and management of the system of interrelated processes on the example of precancerous diseases of the larynx, as a socially significant pathology associated with disabling treatment of patients with laryngeal cancer, assessment of human and material resources are important for improving the efficiency of the organization of activities of each of the above services in the general key of early diagnosis of head and neck tumors. Purpose. To analyze the compliance of the staffing of healthcare organizations with the tasks of providing effective medical care to patients with precancerous diseases of the larynx. Materials and methods. The current organizational structure, current material, technical and personnel supply of outpatient polyclinic institutions for 2019 and 2022 were analyzed on the basis of the information provided upon request by the main health departments of regional executive committees and the health committee of Minsk city. Results. In the Republic of Belarus, staffing of outpatient and polyclinic organizations with general practitioners and otorhinolaryngologists is generally at a sufficient level. The indicator of the availability of otorhinolaryngologists (0.050 per 1,000 inhabitants) corresponds to the national average. In most regions, the otorhinolaryngology service is represented by experienced doctors, of which 63.8% have a qualification category. There are 2.62 patients with long-term voice impairment per general practitioner, and 22.8 patients with precancerous diseases of the larynx of various categories per year per otorhinolaryngologist. The number of visits made by patients with this pathology ranges from 30 in the Brest region to 126 in Minsk per year, on average in the republic it decreased compared to 2019 from 79 to 63 in 2022. The number of biopsies performed on patients to verify the diagnosis, per one otorhinolaryngologist, ranged from 0.7 in Minsk to 10.3 in Gomel region in 2019; from 1.0 in Minsk to 11.6 in Gomel region in 2022. Conclusions. In the Republic of Belarus, the staffing of general practitioners and otorhinolaryngologists outpatient clinics is generally at a sufficient level; the existing slight understaffing cannot affect the timeliness of diagnosing head and neck tumors. Due to the rejuvenation of the staff of the otorhinolaryngological service, it is necessary to improve the professional level of medical workers through practice-oriented training.
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Chuvirova, A. G., and M. N. Yartsev. "Clinical and immunological characteristic of children with recurrent episodes of acute laryngotracheitis, acute respiratory infections, otorhinolaryngological deseases." Allergology and Immunology in Paediatrics, no. 2 (July 17, 2023): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53529/2500-1175-2023-2-33-43.
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Introduction. Researching on pathogenesis and immunopathogenesis of acute respiratory infections in conjunction with recurrent episodes of acute laryngotracheitis and otorhinolaringological diseases (tonsillopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, otitis) — is a high priority task for pediatrics, what is necessary to do to create an approach for preventing chronic illnesses.The aim of the present work. Researching on clinical and immunological characteristics and efficiency of treatment with prescription of bacterial lysate (OM-85) for children with recurrent episodes of acute laryngotracheitis, acute respiratory infections (ARI), otorhinolaringological diseases.Materials and methods. Fifty children 3-9 years old (32 children 3-6 years, 18 children 7-9 years old; 32 boys, 28 girls) in the initial period of monitoring, with recurrent episodes of acute laryngotracheitis (ALT), acute respiratory infections (ARI), otorhinolaryngological diseases were examined. The treatment in according with pediatric clinical practice guidelines, consultations with a pediatrician, otorhinolaryngologist, allergologist were provided to all children.Twenty five children (subgroup I b) received bacterial lysate (OM-85, 4 courses in 3 years ) in complex treatment. Subgroups I a, I b were similar in clinical symptoms, gender and age related. Follow up period continued three years. The results were evaluated a year and three years after treatment. Experimental group was composed of 30 children 3-9 years old, additionally examined. This group had such characteristics as: frequency of acute respiratory infections 3-5 times in a year, absence of chronic respiratory diseases, of recurrent episodes of acute laryngotracheitis. Immunological survey included some parameters of innate immunity, serum immunoglobulins, chemiluminescence, interferons (IFN-alfa, IFN-gamma).Results. In children with repeated episodes of ALT and ARI and otorhinolaryngological diseases the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on CD14+ cells, receptors for IFN-γ (CD14+CD119+) is significantly higher than in children without ALT and with a frequency of ARI 3-5 times a year, which is accompanied by a decrease in the level of IFN-γ and IFN-α and is associated with the development of dysregulation of the immune system, which decreases with the administration of bacterial lysate (OM-86). Complex treatment of children within 3 years with the prescription of the drug significantly reduces the frequency of ARI — 2.6 times, tonsillopharyngitis — 1.8 times, rhinosinusitis — 2.2 times, the need for the prescription of antibiotics — 2.2 times. In the group treated by standards after 3 years, the need for antibiotics decreased by 1.6 times, the frequency of ARI exacerbations — by 1.2 times, tonsillopharyngitis — by 1.5 times, rhinosinusitis — by 1.8 times.
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Singh, Divyanshi, Vibham Gulati, Sakshi Jain, and Sumit Singh Chauhan. "Otorhinolaryngological spectrum of diseases leading to Ophthalmological presentation in eye out patient department: An overview." IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science 6, no. 3 (October 15, 2023): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijoas.2023.017.
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Orbital complications are not so uncommon in ENT diseases. Being an adjacent structure, orbit is commonly involved which can be further complicated by vision loss and intracranial spread of infection and sometimes mortality. In this scenario proper imaging and and newer generation antibiotics can be a game changer. The study aims to demonstrate Ophthalmological manifestations in relation to otorhinolaryngological diseases. This was a retrospective observational study conducted in Eye outpatient department of Regional Hospital, Himachal Pradesh for the period of 1 year from July 2022 to June 2023. In a retrospective investigation, 28 cases of ophthalmological symptoms with root cause of various ENT disorders, mostly paranasal tumour expansions, nasopharyngeal tumour, and nasal furunculosis, were examined in connection to their age, gender, clinical, radiological, and histopathological profile. The most dependable investigating tool was considered as CT scan. Accordingly medical and surgical treatment were adopted owing to location and disease nature. A good cooperation and follow up is needed between ophthalmologist and otolaryngologist to overcome this challenge. A total of 28 patients who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study. Average age of presentation was 36.2 years with 17 males and 11 females. Proptosis was the most common orbital manifestation found in 32.4% cases (n=9). Lagopthalmos was found in 25% cases (n=7) and preseptal cellulitis was found in 14.28% cases (n=4). Orbital cellulitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis was found in 7.14% cases (n=2). Orbital apex syndrome was found in 3.57% cases (n=1). To save the patient from Ophthalmological morbidity and maybe mortality, a high index of suspicion of early orbital involvement by thorough ENT examination is required. A team effort consisting of ophthalmologist and otorhinolaryngologist, acting jointly is needed in order to identify the underlying disease process and provide the appropriate care.