Academic literature on the topic 'Ottoman Archives'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ottoman Archives"

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İlhan, Mehmet Mehdi. "The Ottoman Archives and Their Importance For Historical Studies: With Special Reference to Arab Provinces." Belleten 55, no. 213 (1991): 415–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.1991.415.

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Although the term Ottoman Archives should in fact include any archive that once fell within the boundaries of the Ottoman Empire, it only reminds us of the Başbakanlık (Primeministerial) Archives and that of Topkapı Palace in Istanbul. Furthermore the Ottoman archival material whether found in the National Archive of Cairo or in Ragusa Archive of Yoguslavia are of no lesser importance than those found in Başbakanlık Archive although not as abundant. The scholars of the Balkan states such as Albania, Bosnia, Bulgaria and Hungary have not only taken interest in the Ottoman archives in their own
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Küçükkalay, Mesud. "Imports to Smyrna between 1794 and 1802: New Statistics from the Ottoman Sources." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 51, no. 3 (2008): 487–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852008x317798.

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AbstractThis study is based on the foreign customs registers of the port of Smyrna in the Ottoman Archives of Istanbul. In this paper 115 ports, 112 ships, 2859 pieces of goods, and 1273 merchants have been investigated for the period 1794-1802. This information indicates that the transformation of the Ottoman Foreign trade at the turn of the eighteenth century was linked to the following economic trends of the second half of the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth centuries: the emergence of the European supremacy in naval transportation, a change in the terms of trade that was di
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Alaeddin Tekin. "THE ISLAMIZATION OF THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO IN OTTOMAN MANUSCRIPTS." Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC) 29, no. 1 (2024): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.v29i1.1842.

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The Ottoman archives possess one of the most extensive collections globally. With its repository of 95 million documents, it stands out as a rare archive that not only illuminates the Ottoman Empire but also contributes to the broader scope of world history. Within the Ottoman archives, numerous documents pertain to the Malay World, predominantly encompassing the colonial occupations within the region and diplomatic endeavours undertaken by the Ottoman Caliphate. Each of these documents has been meticulously examined, unearthing original insights into the propagation of Islam in the Malay Arch
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Mossensohn, Miri Shefer. "Medical Treatment in the Ottoman Navy in the Early Modern Period." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 50, no. 4 (2007): 542–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852007783245052.

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AbstractOttoman sources from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries tell us a great deal about naval finances or dockyard operations. Indeed, the logistics of the Ottoman have been studied reasonably well. However, the Ottoman sources are virtually silent about the people involved in these naval operations. In this article the manpower will be in focus, with particular emphasis on the oarsmen who manned the galleys, the captives and criminals, and the medical treatment offered to them. The resulting discussion allows us to gain insights into the experiences of non-elite or behind the scenes O
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Bedi̇r, Ayşe. "EVREN KÜÇÜK, Türkiye-İsveç İlişkileri (1914-1938) / Turkey-Sweden Relations (1914- 1938), Publications of Turkish Historical Society, Ankara 2017. [Book Review]." Belleten 82, no. 294 (2018): 759–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2018.759.

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The purpose of this book review is to fulfi ll the absence of comprehensive study on the Turkey-Sweden relations both Sweden and Turkey yet. Turkey-Sweden Relations (1914- 1938) is an original work, which is suitable for scientifi c criteria and prepared as a doctoral thesis, receives the details of the relations of both countries for the fi rst time in detail, and sheds light on the last years of the Ottoman Empire and the early Republican period of Turkey. Very rich sources are used in this work with a simple language and style. As it is seen that in preparation of the book the sources of th
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Yalniz, Ismet Zeki, Ismail Sengor Altingovde, Uğur Güdükbay, and Özgür Ulusoy. "Ottoman archives explorer." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 2, no. 3 (2009): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1658346.1658348.

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Temizer, Abidin. "The Independence Process of Bulgaria and the First Ambassador of the Ottoman Empire to Sofia, Mustafa Asım Bey." Belleten 85, no. 304 (2021): 1073–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2021.1073.

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In this study, the reaction of the Ottoman Empire to the declaration of independence of Bulgaria, the first ambassador of the Ottoman Empire in Bulgaria, Mustafa Asım Bey and his activities are discussed. The study examines the diplomatic activities of the Ottoman Empire against Bulgaria in the period between the autonomy process of Bulgaria and the independence process, the process of recognition of Bulgaria’s independence, the diplomatic relations established with Bulgaria, the biography of Mustafa Asım Bey, the first Ambassador of the Ottoman Empire to Sofia, and his approach to the problem
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Yücel, Naz. "On silences and the Ottoman Archives." Journal of Contemporary Iraq & the Arab World 16, no. 1 (2022): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jciaw_00071_1.

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This article explores the making of the National Palaces Privy Purse Archive, which later was conjoined with the State Archives of the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey (the Ottoman Archives), and investigates the silences in the Ottoman and Iraqi historiographies that were produced in this process. Building on Michel-Rolph Trouillot’s scholarship, I argue that the moment of fact assembly and the moment of fact retrieval should be highlighted in understanding historiographic shifts as well as their related silences. This article further elaborates on the archival material in the Privy Purse
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Aytaç, Ah. "Some records about seraser fabrics in the Ottoman." Universum Humanitarium, no. 1 (January 4, 2025): 75–88. https://doi.org/10.25205/2499-9997-2024-1-75-88.

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All states in the world have tried to classify their historical correspondence according to their type and importance and keep them as archive documents. Written paper has always been considered important by the Turks and efforts have been made to preserve it carefully. In the Ottoman Empire, which lasted approximately 600 years before the Republic of Turkey, care was taken to preserve official documents. Today, the Presidential Ottoman Archives is an important archive center where a large amount of documents are preserved. Turks brought with them traditional cultures from the geography of Tur
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Dewière, Rémi. "Borno in the Ottoman Archives (1574–1903)." Eurasian Studies 21, no. 2 (2024): 151–85. https://doi.org/10.1163/24685623-20230151.

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Abstract This article provides the first commented list of sources mentioning Borno, an Islamic State based in present-day Nigeria near Lake Chad, in the Ottoman archives, according to the Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi’s catalogue. Ranging from the 16th century to the beginning of the 20th century, these documents, which are for the most part unedited, provide a rare account not only of the Ottoman’s policy towards the interior of Africa, but also of the diplomatic and commercial activity of Borno’s rulers in the long run, opening new avenues for the study of Afro-Ottoman relation
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ottoman Archives"

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Icimsoy, Ahmet Oguz. "The development of record services in Turkey." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339435.

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Yapicioğlu, Can. "La ville d'Antioche à l'époque Ottomane : (depuis la conquête de la Syrie par Sélim I en 1516)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3126.

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La ville d'Antioche fut parmi les villes qui aspiraient une prédominance à la culture, à l'éloquence, à l'enseignement, à l'art mais aussi à l'artisanat et au commerce. Un lieu privilégié de la rencontre avec le reste du monde hellénique et, en même temps, la porte de l'Asie profonde, une ville puissante du Proche-Orient, une base administrative et militaire de premier ordre.Le but est de décrire une ville ottomane formée de quelques quartiers, sa campagne, sa population hétérogène qui vivent essentiellement de l'agriculture, de l'artisanat et du commerce. Une situation décrite dans les regist
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Demirbas, Serkan. "Mahmud II and Ottoman diplomacy in the context of the Mehmed Ali Problem (1832-1839) : with special reference to the Ottoman archives in İstanbul." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/53401/.

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Between 1833 and 1838 the diplomatic relationship between Britain and the Ottoman Empire underwent a radical change. The starting point for this transformation came when the army of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II, suffered two consecutive heavy defeats at the hands of that of his rebel governor, Mehmed Ali Pasha; the first being in Syria, on 14 April 1832, and the second in Konya, on 21 December 1832. This last defeat of the Sultan rapidly escalated the matter into an international problem. All the very complicated diplomatic developments, which would continue right up to the Convention of Londo
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Guéno, Vanessa. "Homs durant les dernières décennies ottomanes : les relations ville-campagne à travers les archives locales." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10002.

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Cette recherche s'inscrit dans les années couvrant le règne du dernier grand sultan ottoman, Abdülhamid II et se positionne au croisement de l'histoire du droit et de l'histoire sociale au travers d'une documentation originale : les registres du tribunal séculier (maḥkama niẓāmiyya) de Homs, petite ville de Syrie Moyenne, localisée sur les rives de l'Oronte. La région de Homs, aux atouts naturels non négligeables, est considérée ici selon sa délimitation administrative (qaḍā') issue de la réorganisation de l'Empire Ottoman durant le XIXe siècle. Cette circonscription est étudiée au travers des
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Papailiaki, Niki. "Aspects de la mission catholique auprès des Grecs de l'Empire ottoman : archives grecques inédites des Capucins de Paris (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5023.

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Nous éditons ici des documents grecs se trouvant aux archives provinciales des Capucins de Paris. A partir de ces documents, nous avons étudié l’action apostolique, et principalement le terrain sur lequel les missionaires rencontrent les futurs convertis, là où la légitimité de leur action se confronte aux réactions des fidèles. L’activité apostolique en Orient de la branche française des Capucins qui commence durant les trentes premières années du XVIIème siècle est expliquée et resituée dans la politique générale de la mission capucine française de cette époque. Dans un autre temps nous étud
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Raymond, Candice. "Réécrire l'histoire au Liban : une génération d'historiens face à la période ottomane, de la fin des années 1960 à nos jours." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0100.

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Depuis les années 1970, une génération d'historiens libanais a impulsé un mouvement de réécriture de l'histoire ottomane de leur pays et de leur région, phénomène commun à l'ensemble des historiographies arabes moyen-orientales de la fin du XXe siècle mais qui se développe au Liban au cours d'une période marquée par l'exacerbation des oppositions idéologiques et par la guerre civile. Cette thèse a pour but d'étudier les conditions sociales et épistémologiques dans lesquelles un tel mouvement de révision a pris forme, et de restituer en contexte les pratiques historiographiques libanaises conte
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Al, Zoabi Mouhammad Kheir. "Le papier en Syrie ottomane à partir du fonds des archives de Damas : une étude historique, analyse, restauration et conservation." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4005/document.

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Cette thèse présente une étude historique : l’apparition du papier au Moyen Orient. L’identification des centres de fabrication papetières de cette région, les différentes méthodologies constatées, puisées dans des sources arabes anciennes. Une étude analytique : analyses des sujets présents dans les firmans d’Alep qui contiennent plusieurs sujets traitant de la vie politique, économique, religieuse, militaire et sociale de cette ville. Ces sujets nous donnent une idée plus claire et réelle de ce qui s’est passé dans cette région et d’une manière plus large dans l’empire ottoman. Une étude tec
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Books on the topic "Ottoman Archives"

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Balta, Evangelia. Ottoman studies and archives in Greece. Isis, 2003.

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Uras, Büke. The Balyans: Ottoman architecture and Balyan archive. Edited by Cengizkan N. Müge editor. Korpus Kültür ve Sanat Yayıncılık, 2021.

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Müdürlüğü, Devlet Arşivleri Genel, ed. Osmanlı fermanları =: Ottoman fermans. Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, 2003.

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(Turkey), Osmanli Arşivi. Osmanli Arşivi, Yildiz tasnifi, Ermeni meselesi =: Ottoman Archives, Yildiz collection, the Armenian question. Edited by Ökte Ertuğrul Zekâi, Tarihi Araştirmalar ve Dokümantasyon Merkezleri Kurma ve Geliştirme Vakfi., and Istanbul Research Center (Historical Research Foundation (Turkey)). Historical Research Foundation, Istanbul Research Center, 1989.

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Zekâi, Ökte Ertuğrul, and Tarihi Araştırmalar ve Dokümantasyon Merkezleri Kurma ve Geliştirme Vakfı (Turkey). İstanbul Araştırma Merkezi., eds. Osmanlı Arşivi, Yıldız tasnifi, Ermeni meselesi =: Ottoman Archives, Yıldız collection, the Armenian question. Historical Research Foundation, İstanbul Research Center, 1989.

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Nâzım, Yılmaz, Yıldırım Osman, Turkey. Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı., and Turkey. Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı., eds. Osmanlı arşivinde bulunan muâhedenâmelerden örnekler =: Samples from the treaties in the Ottoman archives. T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı, 2000.

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Eldem, Edhem. A 135-year-old treasure: Glimpses from the past in the Ottoman Bank Archives. Osmanlı Bankası, 1998.

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Hokayem, Antoine. Les provinces arabes de l'Empire Ottoman aux Archives du Ministère des affaires étrangères de France, 1793-1918. Editions universitaires du Liban, 1988.

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Britain), National Archives (Great, ed. British consular reports from the Ottoman Levant in an age of upheaval, 1815-1830. Isis Press, 2008.

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Çizakça, Murat. A comparative evolution of business partnerships: The Islamic world and Europe, with specific reference to the Ottoman Archives. E.J. Brill, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ottoman Archives"

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Witzenrath, Christoph. "Agency in Muscovite Archives: Trans-Ottoman Slaves Negotiating the Moscow Administration." In Ottoman Studies / Osmanistische Studien. V&R unipress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737010375.87.

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Dadrian, Vahakn N. "Ottoman Archives and Denial of the Armenian Genocide." In The Armenian Genocide. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21955-1_12.

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Rogers, J. M. "ARCHAEOLOGY VS. ARCHIVES: SOME RECENT APPROACHES TO THE OTTOMAN POTTERY OF iZNIK." In The Balance of Truth, edited by Çigdem Balim-Harding and Colin Imber. Gorgias Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463231576-023.

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Karageorgou-Kourtzis, Olga. "Aspects of Education in the Peloponnese from 1810 to 1820 According to the Peroukas Archives from Argos." In The Ottoman Empire, the Balkans, the Greek Lands, edited by Elias Kolovos, Phokion Kotzageorgis, and Sophia Laiou. Gorgias Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463225544-015.

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Heywood, Colin. "What's in a Name?: Some Algerine Fleet Lists (1686–1714) from British Libraries and Archives." In The Ottoman World, the Mediterranean and North Africa, 1660–1760. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003420958-9.

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Darbinyan, Asya. "“Special Kind of Refugees”: Assisting Armenians in Erzincan, Bayburt, and Erzurum." In Documenting the Armenian Genocide. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36753-3_6.

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AbstractOver 200,000 Armenians became displaced persons during the First World War as a result of the war on the Caucasus battlefront and the genocide in the Ottoman Empire. Drawing upon previously untapped material from Armenian, Georgian, and Russian archives and libraries, this chapter reflects on that mass population movement, examines the resulting humanitarian crisis, and analyzes Armenian refugee relief work. It shows that because of the complex structure of the empire, the nature of humanitarianism in imperial Russia was multilayered and heterogeneous. To control and coordinate the lar
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Lewis, Bernard. "The Ottoman Archives." In From Babel to Dragomans. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195173369.003.0050.

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Abstract The Ottoman archives of Istanbul have for long been one of the great unknowns of historical scholarship. For many years the general reluctance of Turkish officialdom to allow any questing foreigner to sail the un-charted backwaters of Turkish administration—a reluctance based on well-founded suspicions of Western intentions towards Turkey—was sufficient to exclude Western scholarship from all but the most cursory examination of the Turkish records. Historians were compelled—or rather permitted—to write the history of Europe without any reference to the documents of what was for long o
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Aykan, Yavuz. "Whose Archives?" In The Cambridge Companion to Ottoman History. Cambridge University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009086202.008.

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"II. Ottoman Archives in Greece." In Ottoman Studies and Archives in Greece. Gorgias Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463225452-003.

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Palmieri, Brooke Sylvia. "Truth and Suffering in the Quaker Archives." In Archives and Information in the Early Modern World. British Academy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266250.003.0010.

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Using the records and publications of the Quakers, this chapter considers the religious and political context behind the creation of the Quaker archive and the relationship between scribal material and print culture in making meaning. The story of Mary Fisher’s (c.1623–1698) trip to Constantinople to convert the Sultan of the Ottoman Turks provides a valuable case study in how a letter became an archival document before circulating widely in print. Initially a product of the zealous, evangelical epistolary culture that characterised Quaker writings of the 1650s, it was transferred into the pub
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Conference papers on the topic "Ottoman Archives"

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Sahin, Emre, Hande Adiguzel, Pinar Duygulu, and Mehmet Kalpakli. "OTAP ottoman archives internet interface." In 2012 20th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2012.6204792.

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Davico, Pia. "Fortificazioni della Tunisia contese tra Spagnoli e Turchi a metà del secolo XVI, documentate dall’iconografia coeva. Un’analisi dal ter-ritorio all’architettura." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11347.

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Tunisian fortifications disputed between Spaniards and Turks in the mid-sixteenth century, documented by coeval iconography. An analysis from the territory to the architectureThe five volumes of the precious archival collection of drawings called Architettura Militare (Military Architecture), kept at the Archivio di Stato di Torino (Turin State Archive), propose documents made mostly by military engineers from the half of the sixteenth to the following first decade. The tomes collect mostly drawings of places under the aegis of the Duchy of Savoy, apart from the second one, dedicated to docume
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Atanasov, Hristiyan. "DIGITIZING THE HERITAGE OF THE ORIENT. ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES TO THE DIGITIZATION OF THE OTTOMAN ARCHIVES IN SOFIA." In 14th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2021.0877.

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Miqdad oğlu Mustafayev, Beşir, and Elif Yıldız İbrahim kızı Yüce. "Correspondence between the Ottomans and Sheikh Shamil during the Crimean War: in the light of archival documents." In IV INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONFERENCE. https://aem.az/, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2021/02/02.

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Our aim in this research is to discuss the correspondence with the Ottoman State during the Crimean War, as well as the opposition of Sheikh Shamil, with whom the Russians encountered during their invasion of the North Caucasus. Crimea is a Turkish country, has historically been a place of invasion by various foreign forces due to its geographical location and strategic location. The growing appetite of the Tsarist Russian Empire, the main purpose of which was to capture Istanbul and the right to vote in the straits, led to the beginning of the Crimean War. The Russian leadership began the war
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Miqdad oğlu Mustafayev, Beşir. "KIRIM SAVAŞI ZAMANI OSMANLI İLE ŞEYH ŞÂMİL ARASINDAKİ YAZIŞMALAR: ARŞİV BELGELERİ IŞIĞINDA." In IV INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONFERENCE. https://www.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2021/2/2, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2021/2/245-16.

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Anahtar sözler: Kuzey Kafkas, Osmanlı, Rus, Şeyh Şâmil, Kırım Savaşı Correspondence between the Ottomans and Sheikh Shamil during the Crimean War: in the light of archival documents Summary Our aim in this research is to discuss the correspondence with the Ottoman State during the Crimean War, as well as the opposition of Sheikh Shamil, with whom the Russians encountered during their invasion of the North Caucasus. Crimea is a Turkish country, has historically been a place of invasion by various foreign forces due to its geographical location and strategic location. The growing appetite of the
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Miqdad oğlu Mustafayev, Beşir. "KIRIM SAVAŞI ZAMANI OSMANLI İLE ŞEYH ŞÂMİL ARASINDAKİ YAZIŞMALAR: ARŞİV BELGELERİ IŞIĞINDA." In IV INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONFERENCE. https://aem.az/, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2021/2/2/4-16.

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Anahtar sözler: Kuzey Kafkas, Osmanlı, Rus, Şeyh Şâmil, Kırım Savaşı Correspondence between the Ottomans and Sheikh Shamil during the Crimean War: in the light of archival documents Summary Our aim in this research is to discuss the correspondence with the Ottoman State during the Crimean War, as well as the opposition of Sheikh Shamil, with whom the Russians encountered during their invasion of the North Caucasus. Crimea is a Turkish country, has historically been a place of invasion by various foreign forces due to its geographical location and strategic location. The growing appetite of the
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Ungureanu, George Daniel. "Romania, Bulgaria and the Dobrujan issue in the first year of the Great War." In 8th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.08.08105u.

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The problem of the Dobrujan land frontier between the Bulgarian and Romanian national states, which officially came up after the San Stefano and Berlin (1878) peace treaties and was aggravated by the Peace of Bucharest (1913), dominated the bilateral relations for a few decades. The hereby study focuses on the period August 1914 – September 1915, when both South-Eastern European states were neutral towards the Great War. This context led to various proposals, projects and scenarios concerning the Romanian-Bulgarian relations and implicitly related to the fate of Dobruja. Our effort deals with
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Pavić, Josip. "The Ottoman fortress above Skradin in Dalmatia." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11419.

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Skradin is a town on the right bank of the Krka river, about 15 km upstream from Šibenik. Located deep in the hinterland, with good road connections, and a luxury of natural resources nearby, it’s no wonder that urban life flourished here since the Iron Age. But being below surrounding hills, this trading centre could never be successfully defended from a prolonged siege. This is why, throughout medieval times, Skradin was usually regarded as a less important neighbour of flourishing Šibenik. Various Croatian noble families, and occasionally the Venetians, ruled the town in fifteenth century.
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Ryazhev, A. S. "Letters from Bukhara and their Russian Interpretation: the Diplomatic Context of Religious Relations in Central Asia (Early." In IV Международный научный форум "Наследие". SB RAS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-6049863-1-8-61-65.

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The study mainly concentrates on the religious policy of Catherine II in the southeast of the Russian Empire. The attitude of the Russian authorities to the external relations of the Qazakhs and the impact of the diplomacy of the Ottoman Empire and Central Asian states on Qazakhs is examined here. The author indicates that such an attitude was dictated by the logic of the Russian-Turkish war of 1787–1791 and its consequences. The research bases on unpublished sources of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Charters (RGADA). In general, the proposed work expands the understanding of the role of
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Menouer, Ouassila. "Algiers fortified city vs. Algiers occupied in 1830." In FORTMED2024 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2024.2024.18061.

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From the 16th century and under the Ottoman reign, the city of Algiers was called the protected city or "el Mahroussa", a name that comes to it, from the system of fortifications, which ensured its protection and its defense from the danger that came to it by seeing the sea. Despite its surrounding walls, the forts and the batteries that were attached to them, its fortified port, and the forts detached from its near and distant surroundings, Algiers was taken by French military troops on July 5, 1830. This contribution raises the question of the effectiveness of the modern fortifications erect
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