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Journal articles on the topic 'Ottoman international law'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Palabıyık, Mustafa Serdar. "International law for survival: teaching international law in the late Ottoman Empire (1859–1922)." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 78, no. 2 (2014): 271–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x14001037.

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AbstractThis article analyses the teaching of international law in the late Ottoman Empire. It argues that the Ottomans were interested in teaching European international law to equip Ottoman bureaucrats with the skills necessary for evaluating and regulating the complex interrelation between the Ottoman Empire and the European states, to defend the vital interests of the Empire against European legal penetration via extraterritoriality, and to understand the legal basis of the European system of which the Empire had officially been accepted as a part by the European Great Powers since the con

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Umut Özsu. "Ottoman International Law?" Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 3, no. 2 (2016): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jottturstuass.3.2.09.

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Hanley, Will. "International Lawyers without Public International Law: The Case of Late Ottoman Egypt." Journal of the History of International Law 18, no. 1 (2016): 98–119. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718050-12340053.

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This essay is part of a pioneering special issue on Ottoman international law, and analyses the work of several Egyptian and Ottoman lawyers focused on the understudied field of private international law. It argues for greater attention to the history of private international law by examining lawyers and functionaries in Ottoman and post-Ottoman Egypt, an especially productive site for the resolution of disputes about domicile and nationality, not to mention trade and investment. I pays particular attention to 'Abd al-Hamid Abu Haif, an Egyptian jurist who prepared a pioneering Arabic-lang

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Lâle Can and Michael Christopher Low. "The “Subjects” of Ottoman International Law." Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 3, no. 2 (2016): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jottturstuass.3.2.02.

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Fujinami, Nobuyoshi. "Law for Tanzimat: Islam and Sovereignty in Kemalpaşazade Sait’s Legal Thought." Die Welt des Islams 59, no. 2 (2019): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700607-00592p02.

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AbstractKemalpaşazade Sait (1848-1921) is widely acknowledged as one of the first Ottomans to have published textbooks on both international and domestic law, but few studies inquire into the characteristics of his thought in the context of modern legal studies. In his discussion of international law, Sait neglects Islam and fails adequately to examine the question of semi-sovereignty, a vital concern of Ottoman diplomacy at the time. In the field of domestic law, Sait concentrates on praising Reşit Pasha and the Tanzimat reforms he orchestrated, by identifying Islam with the modern Western id

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Hanley, Will. "What Ottoman nationality was and was not." Journal of Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 3, no. 2 (2016): 277–98. https://doi.org/10.2979/jottturstuass.3.2.05.

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Will Hanley’s analysis of the 1909 revision of the 1869 Ottoman Nationality Law takes up one of the central themes that occupied the Office of Legal Counsel: the slippery relationship between the legal definitions of nationality, subjecthood, and citizenship. As Hanley argues, recent scholarship on the 1869 Ottoman Nationality Law has consistently sought its origins in the Tanzimat edicts of 1839 and 1856. He contends that interest in the question of Ottoman citizenship has led to a misreading of the word tebaa, and that the Tanzimat edicts referred to subjects, not citizens. This &ldquo

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Dumberry, Patrick. "Turkey's International Responsibility for Internationally Wrongful Acts Committed by the Ottoman Empire." Revue générale de droit 42, no. 2 (2014): 561–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026907ar.

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This paper examines the legal consequences of the commission by the Ottoman Empire of internationally wrongful acts, including acts of genocide, against the Armenian population during World War I. Specifically, the present paper examines the following question: can the modern State of Turkey (which was only officially proclaimed in 1923) be held responsible, under international law, for internationally wrongful acts committed by the Ottoman Empire before its disintegration? This paper first briefly examines whether Turkey should be considered, under international law, as the "continuing" State

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Can, Lâle, and Aimee M. Genell. "On Empire and Exception." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 3 (2020): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8747423.

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Abstract Were Ottoman autonomous provinces nation-states in the making or signs of a semicolonial and irredeemably weak empire? Or, were they evidence of alternative arrangements of imperial sovereignty? By taking a long view of Ottoman history and examining “exceptional” provinces such as the Khedivate of Egypt, the Sharifate of Mecca, and the mutasarrifiya of Mt. Lebanon, this reflection seeks to recast new and reorganized configurations of administrative power in the nineteenth century as part of a broad repertoire of Ottoman autonomy. In lieu of characterizing these territories as flawed o

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Fitriani, Anisa. "The Reconfiguration Of The Ottoman Empire In The Concert Of Europe: Appropriation And Adaptation Of International Law In The Hamidian Era (1876-1909)." Civilization Research: Journal of Islamic Studies 4, no. 2 (2025): 338–64. https://doi.org/10.61630/crjis.v4i2.85.

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This study illuminates a crucial yet underexplored mechanism: how international legal norms were adapted to safeguard the caliphate’s legitimacy and continuity under European hegemony. It examines how the Hamidian regime both adopted and reshaped international law—as a regulatory framework and as a strategic bargaining tool to preserve dynastic survival. Drawing on a historical-critical methodology that combines primary-source archives with Ottoman intellectual discourse, this research uncovers the dialectical interaction between the Islamic legal tradition of siyar and modern international-la

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Hock, Stefan. "“Waking us from this Endless Slumber”: The Ottoman–Italian War and North Africa in the Ottoman Twentieth Century." War in History 26, no. 2 (2017): 204–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344517706729.

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The Ottoman–Italian War of 1911–1912, often overlooked as little more than a prelude to much greater calamities, produced a vibrant discourse in Ottoman-language newspapers that called attention to issues including the efficacy of international law, Ottoman sovereignty, and the place of North Africa in the Ottoman imperial imagination. This article explores the coverage of the war in the Ottoman-language press and argues that the outbreak of the Ottoman–Italian War produced similar claims on the need to protect the Ottoman nation – and Ottoman imperial ambitions – to those following the Balkan

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Dumberry, Patrick. "The Consequences of Turkey Being the ‘Continuing’ State of the Ottoman Empire in Terms of International Responsibility for Internationally Wrongful Acts." International Criminal Law Review 14, no. 2 (2014): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-01401002.

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The present article examines whether the modern State of Turkey (which was officially proclaimed in 1923) can be held responsible under international law for internationally wrongful acts which were committed by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population during and shortly after World War I. The first part examines whether Turkey should be considered as the ‘continuing’ State of the Ottoman Empire or whether it should instead be deemed as a ‘new’ State. Part 2 will examine the legal consequences in terms of international responsibility for considering Turkey as the ‘continuing’ State o

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Hanley, Will. "International Lawyers without Public International Law: The Case of Late Ottoman Egypt." Journal of the History of International Law 18, no. 1 (2016): 98–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718050-12340053.

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AbdulRazaq, Teacher Shahin Siham. "Reform and modernization in the Ottoman Empire." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 226, no. 2 (2018): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v226i2.81.

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The boundaries of the Ottoman Empire span several centuries on a vast expanse, across the ancient continents of the world, with different races, diverse peoples and multiple faiths, and the Ottoman Empire was one of the forces that influenced the course of international politics at the time, and then it was weakened by the political balance and administrative, which was governed by the laws of the sultan between the central authority on the one hand, and those who carry out that policy from Baswat and Pikatagwat... and others on the other hand. The weakness is growing in state institutio

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Aral, Berdal. "The Ottoman ‘School’ of International Law as Featured in Textbooks." Journal of the History of International Law 18, no. 1 (2016): 70–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718050-12340052.

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Alshahrani, Sarah M. "What Should We Know About the Origins of International Investment Law?" International Journal of Legal Information 48, no. 3 (2020): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jli.2020.27.

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AbstractInternational investment law, particularly the global backlash against investment treaties, has evolved recently. This article aims to clarify how international investment law evolved over history, from the early Arab traders in the 7th century to the Ottoman Empire, to understand its hidden aims. It investigates the practice of signing investment treaties, which appear first during the Fatimid Caliphate2 and Mamluk Sultanate3 periods. It then explains when control over foreign investment started to diminish during the Ottoman Empire period.4 Further, it explains the links between the

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Al-Kassimi, Khaled. "De-Historicizing (Mainstream) Ottoman Historiography on Tanzimat and Tahdith: Jus Gentium and Pax Britannica Violate Osmanli Sovereignty in Arabia." Histories 1, no. 4 (2021): 218–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/histories1040020.

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The (secular-humanist) philosophical theology governing (positivist) disciplines such as International Law and International Relations precludes a priori any communicative examination of how the exclusion of Arab-Ottoman jurisprudence is necessary for the ontological coherence of jurisprudent concepts such as society and sovereignty, together with teleological narratives constellating the “Age of Reason” such as modernity and civilization. The exercise of sovereignty by the British Crown—in 19th and 20th century Arabia—consisted of (positivist) legal doctrines comprising “scientific processes”

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ÖKTEM, EMRE. "Turkey: Successor or Continuing State of the Ottoman Empire?" Leiden Journal of International Law 24, no. 3 (2011): 561–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156511000252.

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AbstractThis article explores whether Turkey is the continuing or a successor state of the Ottoman Empire. This is a question that attracts particular attention in the context of the contemporary political debate on ‘neo-Ottomanism’. After the analysis of past debates on succession and continuity, the Ottoman Empire's legacy is considered in light of the international case law, especially the 1925 Ottoman Public Debt Arbitration. Arguments of the international doctrine in favour of and against the Ottoman continuity thesis are also explored and tested by reference to comparable cases. The pecu

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Fujinami, Nobuyoshi. "Georgios Streit on Crete: International Law, Greece, and the Ottoman Empire." Journal of Modern Greek Studies 34, no. 2 (2016): 321–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2016.0029.

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Radovanović, Jelena. "Place without an Owner: Urban Modernization and Waqf Property in post-Ottoman Niš." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 66, no. 5-6 (2023): 677–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341604.

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Abstract This article takes the example of post-Ottoman Niš to argue that the transformation of post-Ottoman cities was not a local, nationalism-induced architectural phenomenon, as suggested by the studies of “de-Ottomanization,” but rather a global development which was made possible through the dismantling of the local Ottoman legal regime of urban property. Focusing on the waqf as a quintessential Ottoman form of urban property, this article examines how war and displacement of the Muslim population on the one hand, and new associations between the modern city and particular forms of prope

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Ismail, Youssef Ben. "Uncertain Histories: The Archive of Sovereignty in Ottoman Tunis." Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 11, no. 1 (2024): 123–53. https://doi.org/10.2979/tur.00025.

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ABSTRACT: This article examines the French-Ottoman imperial dispute over the sovereign status of nineteenth-century Tunis as a historiographic confrontation. It explores the repercussions of this dispute on our ability to write the history of Ottoman Tunisia and, more broadly, the history of the Ottoman Maghrib. The rivalry between France and the Ottoman Empire produced imperial historiographies that relied on dissonant archives presenting precolonial Tunis as opposite ideal-types, neither of which accounted for the nuances of Tunis's relationship to the Ottoman Empire. The binary view of Tuni

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Colás, Alejandro. "Barbary Coast in the expansion of international society: Piracy, privateering, and corsairing as primary institutions." Review of International Studies 42, no. 5 (2016): 840–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210516000152.

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AbstractFrom the ‘long’ sixteenth century the Ottoman regencies of North Africa operated as major centres of piracy and privateering across the Mediterranean Sea. Though deemed by emerging European powers to be an expression of the ‘barbarian’ status of Muslim and Ottoman rulers and peoples, piracy, and corsairing in fact played a major role in the development of the ‘primary’ or ‘master’ institutions of international society such as sovereignty, war, or international law. Far from representing a ‘barbarian’ challenge to the European ‘standard of civilization’, piracy and privateering in the m

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Roscini, Marco. "Establishing State Responsibility for Historical Injustices: The Armenian Case." International Criminal Law Review 14, no. 2 (2014): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-01401010.

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The article aims to identify a legal structure for the determination of state responsibility for historical injustices by using the deportations and mass killings of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire (1915-1916) as a case study. It first determines whether the conduct was unlawful at the time it was committed and concludes that the 1948 Genocide Convention cannot be applied retroactively to the events in question and that customary international law provided, at the time, that the treatment by a state of its subjects was within its domestic jurisdiction. The Ottoman Empire, however, breached

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Gea, Lenggo Anastasia Brilliant, and Michelle Sharon Anastasia Matakupan. "The Crime of the Armenian Genocide from an International Law Perspective." QISTINA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia 3, no. 1 (2024): 616–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.57235/qistina.v3i1.2352.

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Genocide, or in Indonesian, Genosida, is a form of crime that attacks humanity by ruthlessly eliminating a group for the personal interests of the perpetrators themselves. Various acts of genocide include slaughtering a targeted group, which then physically and mentally assaults the victims. One example of genocide is the Armenian Genocide that occurred in the 20th century and lasted for 8 years. This action was focused on annihilating unarmed people, women, and children in Armenia according to the orders of the Ottoman Emperor at that time.

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Rappas, Alexis. "European Imperial Rule through Ottoman Land Law: British Cyprus, the Italian Dodecanese, and French Mandatory Syria." Itinerario 46, no. 1 (2022): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115321000358.

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AbstractThis paper focuses on the articulation between property, sovereignty, and the construction of new political subjectivities in post-Ottoman provinces. Drawing on the cases of British Cyprus, the Italian Dodecanese, and French Mandatory Syria, it shows that European sovereign claims on these territories were pursued through the perpetuation of Ottoman land laws and the reorganisation of the judicial system responsible for implementing them. Dictated by the enduring legal uncertainty regarding the international status of these three provinces, this peculiar path to imperium did not deter

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Dumberry, Patrick. "IS TURKEY THE ‘CONTINUING’ STATE OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW?" Netherlands International Law Review 59, no. 02 (2012): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165070x12000162.

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Jalaly, Zahid. ""Internationalization" of International Law: A Critical Review." Kardan Journal of Law 1, no. 1 (2019): 74–95. https://doi.org/10.31841/KJL.2021.4.

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Principles and roots of International law are as old as the states themselves. From the first day states came into existence, they established bilateral and multilateral relations and thus some principles categorized today as principles of international law emerged. Some of the notions of international law were practiced in the city states of Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Israelites, Greeks, Romans as well as Muslims. However, modern international law as a system is different. This law is outcome of the European civilization that originated in Europe and was confined to the same continent for some t

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Smiley, Will. "Let whose people go? Subjecthood, sovereignty, liberation, and legalism in eighteenth-century Russo-Ottoman relations." Turkish Historical Review 3, no. 2 (2012): 196–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462x00302006.

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This article considers the relationship between law, diplomacy, and identity in delineating slavery and freedom in the Black Sea imperial milieu. Examining the release processes for captives which followed each of the many wars between the Ottoman and Russian empires in the eighteenth century, I argue that these matters were increasingly handled according to written and unwritten legal understandings, rather than through ransoms or threats. The two empires agreed that the Ottoman state would set free enslaved Russian subjects, even those in private hands, but also that the Russians would not d

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Gozzi, Gustavo. "History of International Law and Western Civilization." International Community Law Review 9, no. 4 (2007): 353–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187197407x261386.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the origins 19th-century international law through the works of such scholars as Bluntschli, Lorimer, and Westlake, and then traces out its development into the 20th century. Nineteenth-century international law was forged entirely in Europe: it was the expression of a European consciousness and culture, and was geographically located within the community of European peoples, which meant a community of Christian, and hence "civilized," peoples. It was only toward the end of the 19th century that an international law emerged as the expression of a "global society,"

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Hargal, Salma. "A New Interpretation of the Conquest of Algiers (1830): French Colonialism, Ottoman Sovereignty and Debates about Imperial Reform." Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 11, no. 1 (2024): 81–101. https://doi.org/10.2979/tur.00023.

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ABSTRACT: Historiographical accounts of the 1830 conquest of Algeria often focus solely on French sources and do not frame Algeria as part of the Ottoman Empire. However, research in the Ottoman Archives underscores the importance of the Porte's diplomatic overtures to retain its Maghribi dominion. This paper suggests that the omission of this Ottoman perspective may result from an inherent bias in French political rhetoric intended to legitimize the military invasion. By undermining the ties between Algiers and Istanbul, France could justify its military action as compliant with international

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O'Sullivan, Michael. "Islamic Modernism, the Hanafi Mazhab, and Codification in Aman Allah's Afghanistan." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127193.

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Abstract Few works in recent years have enriched the study of Islamic law quite like Faiz Ahmed's Afghanistan Rising: Islamic Law and Statecraft between the Ottoman and British Empires. The book presents an opportunity to interrogate prevailing historiographical debates about the “codification” of Islamic law (as opposed to its “compilation”), and to account for processes of divergence in Islamic legal culture across Eurasia. This response explores some of the prevailing tensions among Ottoman, Afghan, and Indian experts in early twentieth-century Afghanistan. These stemmed from the dissimilar

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Can, Lâle. "THE PROTECTION QUESTION: CENTRAL ASIANS AND EXTRATERRITORIALITY IN THE LATE OTTOMAN EMPIRE." International Journal of Middle East Studies 48, no. 4 (2016): 679–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743816000829.

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AbstractThis article examines the impact of the Ottoman Empire's battle against legal imperialism on the status of Central Asians in its domains, specifically after the promulgation of a nationality law in 1869 that classified them as foreigners. It traces how the threat of Muslim colonial subjects attaining European consular protections led to the emergence of a “Central Asian protection question”: whether Afghans, Bukharans, and Chinese Muslims had legitimate claims to European legal nationality and, by extension, capitulatory privileges. Through a number of case studies, the article shows h

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Orpett, Natalie. "The Archaeology of Land Law: Excavating Law in the West Bank." International Journal of Legal Information 40, no. 3 (2012): 344–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500011410.

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Land law in the West Bank is a mess of multi-layered legal regimes representing the complicated political history of the region. From this confusion flow some of the most contentious issues in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict today, such as the legitimacy of settlements and the legality of the security barrier. Whether one's concerns regarding the “Question of Palestine” are humanitarian or political, one fact is clear: the legal muddle of land law must be addressed.But addressing the law first requires that we understand what that law is. This paper is not an investigation of the relative leg

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Hanifi, Shah Mahmoud. "Local Experiences of Imperial Cultures." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127141.

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Abstract The constitutional history thread woven through Faiz Ahmed's Afghanistan Rising: Islamic Law and Statecraft between the Ottoman and British Empires unites Afghan, Indian, Ottoman, Islamic, modernist, and other strands of analysis. Hanifi's essay addresses issues relevant to the comparative study of Afghanistan, namely, epistemology, class, culture, and empire. It explores how urban Persianate state elites in Kabul exploited imperial opportunities, especially educational opportunities, over the century since constitutional independence.

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Blumi, Isa. "Settling Aftermath Regimes: Itinerate Cham Albanians in the post-Ottoman World, 1822–1932." Archiv orientální 91, no. 3 (2024): 467–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47979/aror.j.91.3.467-495.

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During the “Age of Revolution,” disruptions that initiated transitional processes in many European states had their origins in peripheral zones, often themselves in a perpetual state of destabilization due to colonial administrative policies. From the Haitian Revolution to the destabilization caused by the American revolutions, European states collapsed and reconfigured to become the modern states associated with the era. This symbiotic relationship between the historical center and the periphery increasingly acknowledged, needs its equivlent. The same dynamics are at play in the following art

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Shelton, Dinah. "Self-Determination in Regional Human Rights Law: From Kosovo to Cameroon." American Journal of International Law 105, no. 1 (2011): 60–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.105.1.0060.

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The right of self-determination has long been celebrated for bringing independence and self-government to oppressed groups, yet it remains a highly controversial norm of international law. From the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires after World WarI to the struggle of colonial territories for independence following World War II and the later dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, there has been an unavoidable conflict between the efforts of peoples to achieve independence and the demands of existing states to preserve their territorial integrity.

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Mughal, Abdul Ghaffar, and Larbi Sadiki. "Shari‘ah Law and Capitulations Governing the Non-Muslim Foreign Merchants in the Ottoman Empire." Sociology of Islam 5, no. 2-3 (2017): 138–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-00503006.

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Muslim-non-Muslim relations have a long and checkered history. The concept of Siyar (Muslim code governing international-interfaith relations) developed by early Muslim jurists, provided the legal basis for coexistence with ‘foreignness’ and ‘foreigners. Yet, the classical norms of Siyar were seldom strictly implemented by Muslim rulers. Thus, Capitulations, governing the presence and movement of foreign merchants and diplomats in the Ottoman empire, increasingly broke with the classical norms of Siyar in their successive incarnations. However, there have been few investigations of how the rel

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Amzi-Erdoǧdular, Leyla. "Inter-Islamic Modernity at the End of Empire." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127154.

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Abstract This review essay of Faiz Ahmed's Afghanistan Rising: Islamic Law and Statecraft between the Ottoman and British Empires focuses on the late imperial and the postimperial context of inter-Islamic networks. It emphasizes the Ottoman, Balkan, and Eurasian exchanges within the historiographical framework of the changing global order characterized by novel deliberations among Muslims across geographic and political boundaries. Situating Afghanistan Rising within these networks reveals the complexity of the inter-Islamic region and the consequence of Muslim agency.

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Romanenko, Elena A. "Genocide of the Armenians as a Crime That Violates International Law Provisions (a Historical and Legal Aspect)." International criminal law and international justice 1 (February 22, 2024): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2071-1190-2024-1-24-27.

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The purpose of the study is to substantiate the fact that political genocide is one of the most serious crimes throughout the entire path of human development. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following task – to present and analyze the stages and manifestations of the policy of cultural genocide carried out by the Young Turks in Western Armenia and other Armenian-populated areas of the Ottoman Empire, and then by the Kemals in the Republic of Armenia.

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Hofmann, Tessa. "THE EXPERIENCE AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE GENOCIDE(S) AGAINST ARMENIANS." Armenian Folia Anglistika 21, no. 1(31) (2025): 181–92. https://doi.org/10.46991/afa/2025.21.1.192.

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My contribution deals with different but interrelated aspects of the historical and contemporary Armenian experience of genocide. I point out the significance of the Ottoman genocide against Armenians for the coining of the term genocide and the UN Genocide Convention. I also examine the assessment under international law of the nine-month-long starvation blockade against the Republic of Artsakh, the military attack on 19 September 2023 in violation of international law and the expulsion of the population. What are the effects of repeated experiences of genocide, loss of homeland (“patricide”)

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Frary, Lucien. "Will Smiley. From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law." American Historical Review 125, no. 2 (2020): 616–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz759.

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Dogan, Okan. "Law, Empire, and the Sultan: Ottoman Imperial Authority and Late Ḥanafī Jurisprudence". Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 32, № 1 (2021): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2021.1892328.

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Muslu, Zülâl. "Language and Power: The Dragoman as a Link in the Chain Between the Law of Nations and the Ottoman Empire." Journal of the History of International Law / Revue d’histoire du droit international 22, no. 1 (2020): 50–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718050-12340138.

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Abstract The paper attempts to take a different look into the Law of Nations through the role of dragomans (official translators) in the making of modern International law. Addressing the power of language above its mere linguistic meaning, also considering the way it is taught, socially shaped, productive and lasting, this paper intends to illustrate the general epistemic framework governing dragomans as an original social and professional body in order to better understand their unforeseen impact on the Ottoman understanding of and integration into modern international law. The paper argues

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Moumtaz, Nada. "Sharia and Kinship in the Ottoman Eastern Mediterranean." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 39, no. 2 (2019): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-7586863.

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Abstract This essay engages Beshara Doumani's Family Life in the Ottoman Mediterranean. It highlights Doumani's significant deconstruction of the culturalist assumptions of the category of the Arabor Muslim family. Based on the wealth of the archive uncovered by Doumani, the essay calls for further engagement with the Islamic legal tradition in the analysis of sharia court records in order to better understand the relation between state, law, and community. Finally, it elaborates on Doumani's important contributions to the anthropology of kinship.

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Örūcu, Esin. "Conseil D'etat: The French Layer of Turkish Administrative Law." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 49, no. 3 (2000): 679–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300064447.

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In both the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic, legal reform efforts have invariably relied on Western models and in administrative law this model has been the French. The first such effort was with the Tanzimat (The Charter of Reformation) in 1839, though these reforms did not have deep effect until the 1860s when the bases of the main administrative institutions such as the Turkish Conseil d'Etat were laid down.1 However, the Conseil d'Etat was not the only institutional model taken from France. The French layer of Turkish administrative law includes other institutions such as the Cour

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Zamuner, Enrico. "Le Rapport entre Empire ottoman et République turque face au droit international." Journal of the History of International Law / Revue d'histoire du droit international 6, no. 2 (2004): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571805042782109.

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Fazakas, József Zoltán. "Foreign Policy and International Relations of the Principality of Transylvania." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Legal Studies 9, no. 2 (2021): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/ausleg.2020.9.2.04.

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The subject of the paper is the international relations and recognition of the Principality of Transylvania. International law requires the existence of three mandatory elements in order to recognize a state. These are territory, population, and sovereign authority over them. If we focus on the Transylvanian state, meeting these requirements will not represent an issue. The interesting question is the fourth but not additional criteria of statehood in international law, international recognition. Without international recognition, a state cannot act as part of the international community, and

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Yahaya, Nurfadzilah. "Juridical Pan-Islam at the Height of Empire." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 2 (2021): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9127167.

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Abstract Located at the intersection of four regions, the Middle East, East Asia, Central Asia, and South Asia, Afghanistan is a country whose legal history is sure to be diverse and exciting at the confluence of multiple legal currents. In the book Afghanistan Rising: Islamic Law and Statecraft between the Ottoman and British Empires, Faiz Ahmed shows how Afghanistan could be regarded as a pivot for Islamic intellectual currents from the late nineteenth century onward, especially between the Ottoman Empire and South Asia. Afghanistan Rising makes us aware of our own assumptions of the study o

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Mihneva, R., and V. Kolev. "Berlin Congress 1878 Through the Eyes of Phanariot Alexander Karateodori Pashi." MGIMO Review of International Relations 14, no. 4 (2021): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2021-4-79-7-25.

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The article contributes to the historical literature on the Berlin Congress; it shows the events of the summer of 1878 through the eyes of the diplomats of the defeated Otto man Empire. The primary source for the article is the “Rapport” by the head of the Turkish delegation to the Сongress, Alexander Karathéodori Pasha (1833–1906), a Phanariote with Greek and Bulgarian roots, the son of the personal physician of Sultan Mahmud II and the first Ottoman lawyer. He graduated from the Sorbonne law faculty with a doctorate in law. Until recently, Turkish historians wrote about him more as a diploma

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Leboulanger, Philippe. "Mixed Courts of Egypt and International Arbitration." BCDR International Arbitration Review 3, Issue 1 (2016): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bcdr2016003.

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Historically, Mixed Courts of Egypt, and recently international arbitration, have led to controversial debates as to their role in the Egyptian legal system. The Mixed Courts have been and are often still considered an infringement of Egyptian sovereignty because they were established during colonialism. However, the courts came into existence because Egypt needed a new, efficient legal system to end the consular courts, which were created under the Capitulations Treaties in the Ottoman Empire and caused unequal and sometimes biased treatment of Egyptian nationals. But beyond the geopolitical

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Horowitz, Richard S. "International Law and State Transformation in China, Siam, and the Ottoman Empire during the Nineteenth Century." Journal of World History 15, no. 4 (2004): 445–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2005.0126.

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