Academic literature on the topic 'Out-of-home care research'
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Journal articles on the topic "Out-of-home care research"
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Rosenthal, Miriam K. "Out-of-home Child Care Research: A Cultural Perspective." International Journal of Behavioral Development 23, no. 2 (June 1999): 477–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502599383928.
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This paper analyses the cultural context of inquiry and research into the effects of out-of-home child care on children’s development. In particular, it attempts to show how the study of such child care has been shaped by a Western world view in which white, middle class values and social ideology are particularly salient. The effects of this cultural context can be seen in the basic assumptions of studies on out-of-home child care, in the questions these studies pose for investigation, and in the motivation of the investigators engaged in this line of research. These in turn determine the research designs, the units of analysis for the examination of children’s functioning and of the child care environment, the operational definitions of variables, and the statistical procedures employed in many of these studies. The analysis begins by examining cultural variations in societal attitudes to out-of-home child care as a function of cultural context and basic assumptions concerning childhood, development, and the role ascribed to the family and the community at large in children’s development. The paper then proceeds to examine the relationship between cultural context and its valued developmental goals and the developmental outcomes studied in child care research. The relationships between goals set for child care, cultural beliefs concerning child-rearing practices, the definition of “quality of care” and the study of the relationship of home and child care, in child care research, are also examined. It then explores the major research questions and methodology concerning the effect of child care on development in the Anglo-American child care research tradition. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications for culturally sensitive routes to studying child care.
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Cashmore, Judy, and Frank Ainsworth. "Out-of-home care: Building a national research agenda." Children Australia 28, no. 2 (2003): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200005526.
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This article presents the argument for the development of a national research agenda for out-of-home care and what is needed to make this agenda work. The need for a commitment to research, adequate funding and access to reliable data, plus the rapid transfer of research findings, into practice, is outlined. It also reports on the outcomes of a research agenda-building workshop sponsored by the National Child and Family Welfare Research Coalition and held in September 2002. This workshop provided an opportunity to generate a list of research question that researchers, service providers and practitioners saw as significant priorities in a national research agenda.
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Maluccio, Anthony N., Lois W. Abramczyk, and Barbara Thomlison. "Family reunification of children in out-of-home care: Research perspectives." Children and Youth Services Review 18, no. 4-5 (January 1996): 287–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0190-7409(96)00007-2.
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McFarlane, Kath. "Care-criminalisation: The involvement of children in out-of-home care in the New South Wales criminal justice system." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 51, no. 3 (August 8, 2017): 412–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865817723954.
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This article discusses the involvement in the New South Wales criminal justice system of a cohort of children in out-of-home care. The paper reports the findings of a four-year research project that investigated the relationship between the child welfare and justice systems as experienced by a cohort of children in the New South Wales Children’s Court criminal jurisdiction. Analysis of 160 case files identified that children in out-of-home care appeared before the Children’s Court on criminal charges at disproportionate rates compared to children who were not in out-of-home care. The out-of-home care cohort had a different and negative experience of the justice system, entering it at a significantly younger age and being more likely to experience custodial remand, than children who had not been in out-of-home care. While both cohorts shared many of the risk factors common to young offenders appearing before the Children’s Court, the out-of-home care cohort experienced significant additional disadvantage within the care environment (‘care-criminalisation’), such that living arrangements designed to protect them from harm instead created the environment for offending. The paper concludes by arguing that a paucity of research exists regarding the drivers and dynamics of care-criminalisation and that more research is needed to explore the criminogenic impacts of a childhood spent in out-of-home care.
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Clare, Brenda. "Managing the care journey: Meeting the health care needs of children in out-of-home care." Children Australia 26, no. 1 (2001): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010075.
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This paper looks at the issues impacting on the physical and mental health of children placed in out-of-home care and at the capacity of the care system to recognise and respond to those needs. It draws on the findings of a recent exploratory research project in Perth, commissioned by the General Practitioners’ Evaluation Programme (GPEP), in which the author participated as a researcher. The paper focuses in particular on the paucity of information about the child’s journey through the care system, reflecting on the aggregate ‘snap-shot’ focus on cohorts and ‘children as through-puts’, rather than on individualised, longitudinal profiles of placed children. A typology of care journeys is presented as a potential framework for locating and mapping children’s experiences.
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Mendis, Kathy. "Research for Practice: Highlighting Personal Strengths of Children in Out-of-Home Care: Two Case Examples." Children Australia 38, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2012.48.
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The education of children in care suffers significantly from a range of disruptions by virtue of them being in care. Research shows that the academic attainment of children in care is lower than that of other children in the general population. Consequently, many young people leave care with minimum or no educational/vocational qualifications and subsequently face adversity in adulthood. Using two case examples this article argues that workers need to look for the strengths in children in care and facilitate the mobilisation of those strengths for them to work their way towards a successful adulthood.
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Jackson, Sonia, Cora Figueira-Bates, and Katie Hollingworth. "Invisible children: The out-of-home care and education of babies and toddlers." Adoption & Fostering 46, no. 1 (March 2022): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03085759221080215.
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Many thousands of very young children pass through the UK care system every year. Understandably, social workers are reluctant to separate children from their parents, and legal protections designed to prevent the separation from becoming permanent lead to constant delay in making longer-term plans. The aim is that the children should either be returned to their birth families or placed for adoption, but this is not achieved in up to 50% of cases. Consequently, many infants and toddlers remain in foster care, intended to be temporary, for long periods. Yet we know little about their lives in care or who looks after them. Research on foster care and on early childhood education and care (ECEC) has developed on separate and unrelated lines, resulting in an extreme shortage of empirical evidence about the care and education of fostered children under school age. Lack of attention to this critical period of life fails to take account of advances in research both on early brain development and on the lasting effects of adverse childhood experiences. Meanwhile, young children continue to be moved between short-term foster placements for administrative reasons, ignoring the undisputed importance of stable early attachments. The potential of foster care as a learning and therapeutic resource in the early years has also been largely overlooked. Better mental health and educational attainment for children in out-of-home care require a much stronger policy focus on their earliest experiences and developmental progress. This article argues that there is an urgent need for research-based information to guide policy and practice.
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Smit, E. H. (Dineke). "It's all about the Family: Research on Dutch Families with Multiple and Complex Problems." Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 14, no. 3 (April 11, 2022): 106–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy29802.
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Despite the scaling up of family-focused interventions, the number of child out-of-home placements continued to rise in the Netherlands. Most of these children came from families with multiple and complex problems. The underlying reasons for the rise of out-of-home placements were unknown. The main goal is to prevent children from being placed in out-of-home care. To achieve this, research was conducted to gain insight into the experiences of youth care professionals using family-focused interventions. A mixed method research study was done based on the questionnaire of Bodden and Decovic (2015). Qualitatively, 16 semi-structured interviews with youth care providers were conducted and a quantitative statistical analysis of 206 cases of families with multiple and complex problems were analyzed. Family-focused interventions are highly regarded and used by all stakeholders. However, help for families with multiple and complex problems is fragmented and so are the multiple (and possibly contradictory) family interventions. All 206 cases showed problems in all domains. Factors that interfere with family functioning are the most common, child factors the least. There is no significant relationship between child out-of-home placement and child factors. With each additional family problem, the chance of out-of-home placement increases by 10%. This study shows the complexity, not only of the families themselves but also the caregivers involved in these families. It is important to recognize and understand this complexity. Dealing with this complexity requires a different approach. The addition of a client supporter or an expert by experience is recommended.
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Mason, Jan, Robert Urquhart, and Natalie Bolzan. "Defining children's needs in out-of-home care: Methods and challenges of a collaborative research project." Children Australia 28, no. 2 (2003): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200005563.
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The ‘future’ orientation of the out-of-home care research literature which has focused on outcomes of care has risked ignoring children's experiences of care in their ‘present(s)’. In this paper we describe a project, the design of which reflects an alternative to the traditional way of looking at childhood, of which this ‘future’ (adult constructed) orientation is part. We discuss the use of qualitative research methods to identify children's needs in care. The project has attempted to involve children as co-constructors of knowledge around their needs through participatory research methods. These methods have required us to recognise that children and their needs exist within a context of relational structures; to address the power imbalances between adult researchers and child participants; and to be flexible in responding to the consequences of a participative process. Challenges which have surfaced in the implementation of this research and our responses to them are described.
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Bath, Howard. "Out of Home Care in Australia: Looking Back and Looking Ahead." Children Australia 40, no. 4 (October 20, 2015): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2015.39.
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Dr Howard Bath was most recently the Northern Territory Children's Commissioner, first appointed in 2008 and re-appointed in 2012. Trained as a Clinical Psychologist, Howard has studied and worked in both Australia and the USA. He has worked as a youth worker, manager, Agency Director and clinician and was the inaugural Chair of the Child and Family Welfare Association of Australia, the peak body for service providers representing all states and territories. Howard has presented widely at conferences and training seminars and has authored numerous research reports and articles on topics including family preservation services, out-of-home care, behaviour management and child protection. Howard joined the Anglicare NT Board in April 2015 and now provides consultancy services through Allambi Care in NSW. He has been a longstanding supporter of the Children Australia journal and his generosity over the years in helping with a range of journal-related tasks, including being a former Editorial Consultant is very much appreciated.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Out-of-home care research"
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Withington, Tania L. "Factors that influence the placement trajectories of children in out-of-home care: Perspectives of carers and children." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/107159/4/Tania_Withington_Thesis.pdf.
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With increasing numbers of children being placed in out-of-home care it is vital that we have a better understanding of the factors that influence the placement journey, specifically placement stability and placement movement. This convergent mixed method research investigated factors influencing placement trajectory from the perspective of children and carers in the out-of-home care system. Child-carer engagement at the levels of individual child or carer, family-care context and child protection system were found to be critical. A key outcome was the recommendation to structure out-of-home care policy and practice around the placement trajectory concept, placing relationship at the centre, and using child-focused outcomes to evaluate out of home care.
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Murray, S., and James A. Goddard. "Life after Growing Up in Care: Informing Policy and Practice through Research." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9871.
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NoExisting research on the impact of growing up in care focuses upon either the care experience itself or the period of transition from care to independence. Our knowledge of outcomes largely ceases when former residents of the care system reach their early twenties. There are strong social justice reasons for extending research into the older adult lives of such young people. We know a great deal about the multiple disadvantages that such individuals face as children. But research is largely silent about their subsequent adult lives. While we must be cautious in drawing causal links to the childhood care experience as the time period since life in care extends, we know that early experiences can affect care-leavers across their life coursejust as childhood experience affects all adults in a variety of ways. In this review, we highlight evidence drawn from research in Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, and the United States, with particular attention paid to the first two of those countries. We use a wide range of sources and identify areas for further consideration, including access to personal records, mental health, education, and parenting. By doing so, we seek to open up this area for further research with the hope that such research will lead to an increasing recognition of care-leavers' needs and thus to improvements in social policy and service provision.
Books on the topic "Out-of-home care research"
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Wise, Sarah, Patricia McNamara, and Carme Montserrat. Education in Out-of-Home Care: International Perspectives on Policy, Practice and Research. Springer, 2019.
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Pamela, Snow, and Philip Mendes. Young People Transitioning from Out-of-Home Care: International Research, Policy and Practice. Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
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Pamela, Snow, and Philip Mendes. Young People Transitioning from Out-Of-Home Care: International Research, Policy and Practice. Palgrave Macmillan Limited, 2020.
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Education in Out-of-Home Care: International Perspectives on Policy, Practice and Research. Springer, 2020.
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Lowndes, Ruth, and Susan Braedley. Snap-Happy? The Promise and Problems of Photovoice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190862268.003.0009.
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Although photovoice is often hailed as a method that includes and gives voice to those whose perspectives are left out of research, this chapter details limits of photovoice within the context of rapid ethnography and institutional research. Although photovoice proved its worth in offering a fun, interactive way to engage residents in research, and in generating rich data on their perspectives of care home life, we experienced challenges incorporating this method into the project. We were unable to obtain ethical approval for its use with our original target group of those living with dementia, a limitation that changed our use of the method considerably. We also faced time constraints: our ethnographies were not long enough to recruit, teach camera usage, take and develop pictures, and conduct a follow-up interview. Ethical restrictions were placed on publishing photographs, limiting the ability to connect visual representations to narratives, which impacted presentation of findings.
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Bakke, Monika, ed. Refugia. (Prze)trwanie transgatunkowych wspólnot miejskich /Refugia: The Survival of Urban Transspecies Communities. Adam Mickiewicz University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/amup.9788323239857.
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Refugia: The Survival of Urban Transspecies Communities encourages to us recognize the unexpected relations among species and to speculate about the possibility of their existence and development. It shows the need for care and support for multi-species urban communities by answering questions about the following: Which humans and non-humans may find refuge in the city? Under what conditions and to what extent? Are cities also becoming spaces of refuge for rare, endangered or endangered species and disappearing ecosystems? Can unwanted and underestimated life forms find refuge in the city, and how much compassion and hospitality do we have for them? Is it possible to be safe in the city without a place–home–shelter of one’s own? The book is the result of transdisciplinary research, including knowledge-producing artistic projects, whose research and communication methodology enable us to go beyond specialist circles. The book consists of two parts, the first of which, Refugia: The Transdisciplinary Practice of Curiosity, includes scientific texts focusing on various cases of interspecies relationships created in cities by human and non-human animals, plants, fungi, soil, architecture, etc. The second part of the book includes artistic statements in the form of visual documentation of projects created for the exhibition Refugia: Keep (Out of) These Places. The art presented here makes it possible to construct perspectives different from those generated in the field of humanities or sciences, but remaining in close contact with these fields.
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Chivers, Sally, and Derek Newman-Stille. Telling Stories. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190862268.003.0010.
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This chapter explains how a literary lens facilitates thinking about how stories reveal context, assumptions, meaning, culture, ethical engagements, and complexity. It examines how stories are central not only to the content of our research but also to the process. The authors consider how team-based ethnographic researchers watch stories play out in the care home sites they visit and how individual researchers on the team tell stories to one another as a means of understanding data, building rapport, and coping with difficult material. Stories are part of what has helped the researchers to work creatively as a team. The chapter shows that stories bring authenticity to research, make it easier to communicate the data broadly, and engage the imagination in a manner that is critical to real social change.
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Jiménez, Catalina, Julen Requejo, Miguel Foces, Masato Okumura, Marco Stampini, and Ana Castillo. Silver Economy: A Mapping of Actors and Trends in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003237.
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Latin America and the Caribbean, unlike other regions, is still quite young demographically: people over age 60 make up around 11% of the total population. However, the region is expected to experience the fastest rate of population aging in the world over the coming decades. This projected growth of the elderly population raises challenges related to pensions, health, and long-term care. At the same time, it opens up numerous business opportunities in different sectorshousing, tourism, care, and transportation, for examplethat could generate millions of new jobs. These opportunities are termed the “silver economy,” which has the potential to be one of the drivers of post-pandemic economic recovery. Importantly, women play key roles in many areas of this market, as noted in the first report published by the IDB on this subject (Okumura et al., 2020). This report maps the actors whose products or services are intended for older people and examines silver economy trends in the region by sector: health, long-term care, finance, housing, transportation, job market, education, entertainment, and digitization. The mapping identified 245 actors whose products or services are intended for older people, and it yielded three main findings. The first is that the majority of the actors (40%) operate in the health and care sectors. The prevalence of these sectors could be due to the fact that they are made up of many small players, and it could also suggest a still limited role of older people in active consumption, investment, and the job market in the region. The second finding is that 90% of the silver economy actors identified by the study operate exclusively in their countries of origin, and that Mexico has the most actors (47), followed by the Southern Cone countriesBrazil, Chile, and Argentinawhich have the regions highest rates of population aging. The third finding is that private investment dominates the silver economy ecosystem, as nearly 3 out of every 4 actors offering services to the elderly population are for-profit enterprises. The sectors and markets of the silver economy differ in size and degree of maturity. For example, the long-term care sector, which includes residential care settings, is the oldest and has the largest number of actors, while sectors like digital, home automation, and cohousing are still emerging. Across all sectors, however, there are innovative initiatives that hold great potential for growth. This report examines the main development trends of the silver economy in the region and presents examples of initiatives that are already underway. The health sector has a wealth of initiatives designed to make managing chronic diseases easier and to prevent and reduce the impact of functional limitations through practices that encourage active aging. In the area of long term careone of the most powerful drivers of job creationinitiatives to train human resources and offer home care services are flourishing. The financial sector is beginning to meet a wide range of demands from older people by offering unique services such as remittances or property management, in addition to more traditional pensions, savings, and investment services. The housing sector is adapting rapidly to the changes resulting from population aging. This shift can be seen, for example, in developments in the area of cohousing or collaborative housing, and in the rise of smart homes, which are emerging as potential solutions. In the area of transportation, specific solutions are being developed to meet the unique mobility needs of older people, whose economic and social participation is on the rise. The job market offers older people opportunities to continue contributing to society, either by sharing their experience or by earning income. The education sector is developing solutions that promote active aging and the ongoing participation of older people in the regions economic and social life. Entertainment services for older people are expanding, with the emergence of multiple online services. Lastly, digitization is a cross-cutting and fundamental challenge for the silver economy, and various initiatives in the region that directly address this issue were identified. Additionally, in several sectors we identified actors with a clear focus on gender, and these primarily provide support to women. Of a total of 245 actors identified by the mapping exercise, we take a closer look at 11 different stories of the development of the silver economy in the region. The featured organizations are RAFAM Internacional (Argentina), TeleDx (Chile), Bonanza Asistencia (Costa Rica), NudaProp (Uruguay), Contraticos (Costa Rica), Maturi (Brazil), Someone Somewhere (Mexico), CONAPE (Dominican Republic), Fundación Saldarriaga Concha (Colombia), Plan Ibirapitá (Uruguay), and Canitas (Mexico). These organizations were chosen based on criteria such as how innovative their business models are, the current size and growth potential of their initiatives, and their impact on society. This study is a first step towards mapping the silver economy in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the hope is to broaden the scope of this mapping exercise through future research and through the creation of a community of actors to promote the regional integration of initiatives in this field.
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Hagen, Trever. Living in The Merry Ghetto. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190263850.001.0001.
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Living in the Merry Ghetto reframes how people use music to build resistance. To do so, Hagen addresses the social context of illegal music-making in Czechoslovakia during state socialism, asking “How Do Aesthetics Nurture Political Consciousness?”. He tells the story of a group of rock ’n’ rollers who went underground after 1968, building a parallel world from where they could flourish: the Merry Ghetto. The book examines the case of the Czech Underground, the politics of their music and their way of life, paying close attention to the development of the ensemble the Plastic People of the Universe. Taking in multiple political transitions from the 1940s to the 2000s, the story focuses on non-official cultural practices such as listening to foreign radio broadcasts, seeking out copied cassette tapes, listening to banned LPs, growing long hair, attending clandestine concerts, smuggling albums via diplomats, recording in home-studios, and being thrown in prison for any of these activities. Drawing on ethnographic interviews with Undergrounders, archival research, and participant observation, Hagen shows how these practices shaped consciousness, informed bodies, and promoted collective action, all of which contributed to an Underground way of life.
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Abdelaaty, Lamis Elmy. Discrimination and Delegation. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197530061.001.0001.
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What explains state responses to the refugees they receive? This book identifies two puzzling patterns: states open their borders to some refugee groups while blocking others (discrimination), and a number of countries have given the United Nations (UN) control of asylum procedures and refugee camps on their territory (delegation). To explain this selective exercise of sovereignty, the book develops a two-part theoretical framework in which policymakers in refugee-receiving countries weigh international and domestic concerns. Internationally, leaders use refugees to reassure allies and exert pressure on rivals. Domestically, policymakers have incentives to favor those refugee groups with whom they share an ethnic identity. When these international and domestic incentives conflict, shifting responsibility to the UN allows policymakers to placate both refugee-sending countries and domestic constituencies. The book then carries out a “three-stage, multi-level” research design in which each successive step corroborates and elaborates the findings of the preceding stage. The first stage involves statistical analysis of asylum admissions worldwide. The second stage presents two country case studies: Egypt (a country that is broadly representative of most refugee recipients) and Turkey (an outlier that has limited the geographic application of the Refugee Convention). The third stage zooms in on sub- or within-country dynamics in Kenya (home to one of the largest refugee populations in the world) through content analysis of parliamentary proceedings. Studying state responses to refugees is instructive because it can help explain why states sometimes assert, and at other times cede, their sovereignty in the face of refugee rights.
Book chapters on the topic "Out-of-home care research"
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Kelly, Berni, Jo Dixon, and Mariana Incarnato. "Peer Research with Young People Leaving Care: Reflections from Research in England, Northern Ireland and Argentina." In Young People Transitioning from Out-of-Home Care, 221–40. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55639-4_11.
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van Breda, Adrian D., and Lisa Dickens. "Young People Transitioning from Residential Care in South Africa: Welfare Contexts, Resilience, Research and Practice." In Young People Transitioning from Out-of-Home Care, 349–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55639-4_17.
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Saglietti, Marzia. "Interculturality in the Making: Out-of-Home Children Familiarizing with Ethnographic Research in Italian Residential Care." In Interculturality in Institutions, 265–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12626-0_13.
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Österberg, Torun, Björn Gustafsson, and Bo Vinnerljung. "Children in Out-of-Home Care and Adult Labor-Market Attachment: A Swedish National Register Study." In Administrative Data and Child Welfare Research, 85–104. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315100340-7.
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Mendes, Philip, Bernadette Saunders, and Susan Baidawi. "The Experiences of Indigenous Young People Transitioning from Out-of-Home Care in Victoria, Australia." In Leaving Care and the Transition to Adulthood, 149–72. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630485.003.0009.
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This chapter reports on exploratory research in Victoria, Australia, involving focus groups and interviews with service providers and Indigenous care leavers to examine the impact of existing support services. Indigenous children and young people are highly overrepresented in the Australian out-of-home care system. To date, neither specific research focusing on this group’s experiences as they transition from care nor an assessment of the Indigenous-specific and non-Indigenous supports and services available to them have been undertaken. Findings suggest that Aboriginal Community Controlled Organizations (ACCOs) play a positive role in working with non-Indigenous agencies to assist Indigenous care leavers. Participants identified a few key strategies to improve outcomes, such as facilitating stronger relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous services and improving ACCO resourcing.
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Kiddey, Rachael. "An Ethic of Care." In Homeless Heritage. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746867.003.0009.
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The night that Tia gave birth to baby Tyrone, I went home to my flat, locked the door and sank into the bath. Thoughts raced around my head as I topped up the hot water several times, turning the tap on and off with my toes. I didn’t want to get out of the bath because I didn’t know what to do next. I’d seen a fair bit of contemporary homelessness by that point and found it to be unjust, understudied, characterized by gallows humour and ugly, in equal measure. Tyrone’s croaky voice rang in my ears. ‘She had to score, Marmite! She don’t want to go back.’ As I lay in the bath, I felt exhausted. I couldn’t decide whether to wimp out entirely, go to my old boss at the BBC and grovel for my job back, or stick with it, make contemporary homelessness the subject of a PhD and embark on serious fieldwork and doctoral study. I still couldn’t decide the next morning so, after walking the dogs at dawn, I went straight back to bed where I spent the entire day reading P. G. Wodehouse and eating toast. It was John Schofield, later my doctoral supervisor, who eventually persuaded me to make contemporary homelessness the subject of a PhD. When you write a postgraduate research proposal it is important that your research question is clearly articulated. The research context should be cogent and the theoretical novelty of the proposed research should be robust and convincing. A central element of the proposal should be a clear indication that you have thought carefully about any ethical implications that might arise from research and taken measures to address these. I duly wrote a research proposal in which I addressed these points and explained that I had fully considered the ethical implications of working with vulnerable homeless adults (and all homeless people are vulnerable by dint of the fact that they have nowhere safe to call home).
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Thoburn, June. "Residential Care Across Jurisdictions." In Revitalizing Residential Care for Children and Youth, 16—C2.P29. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197644300.003.0002.
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Abstract The author, a pioneer in cross-national out-of-home care surveys, enumerates pitfalls and fruitful pathways for obtaining valid and reliable data and “lessons learned” from prior research that yields meaningful cross-national child welfare comparisons. Historical, cultural, economic, and political factors are among key themes explored in influencing the context within which residential care is provided. Differing methods for determining the number of children and youth in residential services are also described.
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Maani-Fogelman, Patricia. "Hospital-Based Palliative Care." In Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing, edited by Betty Rolling Ferrell and Judith A. Paice, 13–31. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190862374.003.0003.
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Hospital-based palliative care (HBPC) is often the primary contact between patients and the field of palliative care. As such, HBPC programs must be built to withstand the challenges and demands of the changing healthcare landscape and the shifting, often complex needs of the inpatient consultation. Time, energy, strong interpersonal communication skills, and dedication are key elements to building a successful HBPC program. Attention to detail and attentiveness to patient wishes round out the foundation of the continuum. HBPC is a forum for expansion of palliative care services into the medical clinics, outreach facilities, community-based practices, and home care venues. The role of nursing across this spectrum of care amid advancing chronic illness is a vital aspect of programmatic success. Ongoing education and research must be offered and resourced for HBPC and palliative care in general to remain steadfast and successful against the background of national healthcare reform.
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Wang, Huali, and Hengge Xie. "China." In Dementia Care: International Perspectives, 29–32. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796046.003.0005.
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With an ageing population, dementia care has become a great challenge in China. This chapter reviews the current major resources in dementia care in China. Memory clinics are the primary setting for diagnosis and management. Caregiver support groups and social media provide mainstream support to caregivers. This chapter also highlights the role of the community in dementia care. Community services are essential to health education, dementia screening, and home care support. In addition, the chapter discusses the role of collaborative research networks and point out that both research on services and dementia prevention are important. The chapter concludes by calling for action to address the priorities of dementia care.
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Goyette, Martin. "Social Networks and Social Support in the Transition to Adulthood." In Leaving Care and the Transition to Adulthood, 31–50. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630485.003.0003.
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For some youth in care, leaving a foster home definitively also implies leaving the only family and home they have ever known. Youth is thus a particularly critical moment in identity construction because it is central to the interplay between family heritage and social capital, all of which is acquired since childhood. Research has focused on competencies, resources, and individual characteristics of youth aging out of care, yet social networks and supports have received little attention. This chapter describes the networks of youth leaving care in the transition to adulthood and analyzes the links between the network characteristics and the socio-professional integration process of these young adults.
Conference papers on the topic "Out-of-home care research"
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Dæhlen, Marianne, Antti Kääriälä, Marie Berlin, Mette Lausten, and Heikki Hiilamo. "THE EDUCATIONAL DISADVANTAGE AMONG VULNERABLE YOUTHS: HOW EARLY SCHOOL LEAVING AMONG YOUTH PLACED IN OUT-OF-HOME CARE VARIES ACROSS FOUR NORDIC COUNTRIES." In 12th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2019.0151.
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Assunção, Silvaleide Ataides, Ianca Leandra Santos, and Rosemar Macedo Sousa Rahal. "PALLIATIVE CARE IN BREAST CANCER: CHALLENGES IN MEDICAL PRACTICE AND PROMOTING QUALITY OF LIFE." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2070.
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Objectives: Breast cancer is the main neoplasm affecting women, and in many cases, curative treatment is not feasible. In this context, it is important to work with other forms of assistance that provide symptom relief and better quality of care for these patients. Therefore, the objective of this work is to portray the importance of attention and care to patients with breast cancer, whose cure is not possible, since it generates better acceptance of the situation and a more humanized end, with less suffering, pain, and anguish. Methodology: This is a descriptive research carried out based on a review of the medical literature available through a survey of publications from the past 12 years in the PubMed, Lilacs, and MedLine databases. The following descriptors were used: palliative care, home care, and breast cancer. Results: From the analysis performed, it can be seen that approximately 30% of patients diagnosed with breast cancer have some depressive disorder. This fact occurs due to the shock of the news of having an extremely serious disease, due to the disorders arising from the treatment or the progression of the disease itself. When assessing patients with breast cancer, who have palliative care at home, this percentage drops to approximately 9%, meaning an abrupt improvement in the quality of life of these people, resulting from multiprofessional home treatment. Conclusion: Given this situation, it is observed that home care, though insufficiently explored, has a good response for terminally ill patients. Therefore, it appears that palliative care should be better explored by both the public and private health systems, as this tool is capable of mitigating the adversities caused by cancer and improving the quality of life of patients and their families in this difficult stage.
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Chang Kim, Hyo, Sang Min Ko, and Yong Gu Ji. "A Study on the Behavioral Characteristics of the Elderly Living in a Smart Home." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100586.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate behavioral of the elderly living in smart home using the diary study method and to analyze the characteristic required according to behavior and smart home service. For the research of the characteristics of service-use, the seven types of main smart home services were chosen by analyzing previous research. We carried out a diary study with ten elderly people over the age of 65 in smart home environment. They recorded their every behavior for one week by themselves. Diary study items consist of four parts: 1) time, 2) activity, 3) device, 4) place. The result of this study, findings of behavioral characteristics of the elderly reveal that most of them spend their time on personal care, socializing and leisure activities. While elderly generally did not fully utilize smart home functions, there was high usage frequency and preference for automatic intelligence service compared to manual. Therefore, smart home services related to these characteristics should be considered as a top priority.
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Close, Natasha, Julia Dilley, and Janet Baseman. "Poison Center Reports of Cannabis Exposures among Children in Washington State, 2016." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.20.
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Washington State began legal cannabis retail sales in 2014. Legalization of adult use cannabis and retail sales may result in more cannabis products in homes and opportunities for accidental exposures among young children. Consumption of cannabis by young children can result in significant adverse health effects. This study examined details of cannabis exposure events involving children under age 12 that were reported to the Washington State Poison Center (WAPC) during January – December 2016. Redacted charts were obtained from the WAPC “Toxicall” database. 50 eligible events were identified. Structured data were used to describe child age and gender and to obtain information about the involved products, route of administration, exposure setting, and clinical effects. Additional information about the exposure event was available in case notes; qualitative methods were used to develop themes and categorize the cases. Most exposure events (62%) were for children ages 0-2, and 26% were for ages 3-5. None of the exposures were reported as intentional. Of those where the source of the product could be determined (N=29) either a parent (n=20, 69%) or grandparent (n=6, 21%) was the most common source. Nearly all (94%) exposures occurred at the patient’s home and involved a single substance (90%). Of those that noted the type (N=13), 85% indicated that the cannabis was obtained for medical purposes. Most exposures were by ingestion (86%), and edibles were the most often reported form (52% of 41 cases with product specified). Nearly all edibles were brownies, cookies, and candies (96%). Baked goods were reported to be both homemade and purchased. Three cases were exposures to cannabidiol (CBD) among children being treated for seizures by their parents: one was the result of a therapeutic error, one an adverse reaction, and one an unintentional exposure. A single child was reported as exposed through breastmilk. Of those with known medical outcomes (N=33), nearly all caused no or minor clinical effects (78%), and nearly all had symptoms for less than 24 hours, most commonly lethargy and drowsiness (50%), but five children were hospitalized for non-critical care and one child with a history of seizures, who was given CBD oil containing THC, required intensive care and intubation. Risk for accidental exposures to cannabis among young children may be increasing as legal cannabis markets become more common. Although most exposures do not cause long-lasting harms, some children can experience significant harm requiring medical intervention. Caregivers of young children are advised to safely store cannabis products in the home so that they are out of reach of children, and to use caution and consult with a healthcare provider about use of cannabis products for medical treatment of a child or adult use while breastfeeding. Clinicians may play a role by screening for household cannabis use among parents and other caregivers, and advising about safe home practices. Continued regulatory approaches to limit exposure, such as limits on THC potency and single-serving packaging designs, may also be useful.
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Fitrianti, Y. "“I AM NOT FULLY MEDICALIZED.”: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF POST-NATAL CARE AMONG MALAYSIAN CHILD-BIRTHING WOMEN IN THE UNITED KINGDOM." In Global Public Health Conference. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/26138417.2021.4102.
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Obstetric medicine and reproductive technology have been spread out worldwide and become the symbol of modernization. Its expansion might displace the traditional treatments which mostly are practiced by the people in developing countries. However, the Malaysian women who lived in a Western country and had a well-educated background still practiced the traditional treatments after giving birth. The study was conducted in 2016 at Durham, a county in the United Kingdom, and it utilized qualitative research by interviewing five Malaysian women who had a birth experience in the United Kingdom. The result of the study revealed that heating the body with hot stone has still mostly practiced by Malaysian women even living in the United Kingdom, where there were optional sophisticated technology and qualified medical professional. In addition, some of them still obeyed the recommended and prohibited foods ruled by the origin culture during the postpartum period. The treatment was conducted at home supported by the family and colleagues whose the same ethnicity and nationality. In conclusion, the national boundaries, high education, and the existence of sophisticated health technology and qualified medical professional are irrelated to why people still undertake traditional treatments. The treatment was primarily chosen because of its health effects on the body after treatments. Therefore, health policymakers have to know and consider the migrant‟s cultural values in order to make the health system convenient and appropriate to either the migrants‟ health. In addition, the study needs further research to find the effectiveness and efficacy of traditional treatments to women‟s health. Keywords: traditional treatments, postpartum period, humoral system, heat therapy, cultural value, Malaysian culture
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Ivanova, Stela, and Fiilip Alexiev. "POSSIBILITIES OF EEG DIAGNOSTICS FOR EVALUATION OF THE MASSAGE EFFECTS." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/161.
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ABSTRACT Massage refers to a wide range of techniques such as effleurage, petrissage, tapping, friction, and vibration, yielding pressure on soft tissues done manually or with devices. Nowadays, massage is widely used in everyday life, sport, and medical care as a complementary and alternative therapy. Although its millenniums of use, there is very little research on its effects on health and disease conditions. As one of the main reasons for this can be pointed out, research methods, most of which need special equipment, and different professionals, are subjective or invasive. Recently, some studies have assessed the physical and physiological effects of massage, such as electroencephalography (EEG). EEG is a rapidly non-invasive test that provides evidence of how the brain functions over time. EEG matured over the decades due to advances in technology. Now it has greater sensitivity, digital recording on hard drives, allowing different processing, and are developed consumer-grade devices, which provide easier obtaining of EEG signals outside of the traditional laboratory settings. Advanced dry wireless headsets enable the use of EEG diagnostic in a natural environment at home, working place, sports halls, fields, etc. EEG has been used for the evaluation of effectiveness and in the comparison between different massage processes. Research investigating the physiological effects of massage therapy with EEG has suggested that massage therapy reduces anxiety, increases frontal delta activity, decreases frontal alpha and beta activity, shifts frontal alpha asymmetry from right-hemisphere dominance to left-hemisphere dominance, increases resting-state alpha activity in the left anterior cingulate cortex, etc. Conclusion: Together, these findings provide evidence that massage therapy acts to modulate EEG activity and that EEG diagnostic can be a useful non-invasive, and accurate, objective research method for investigation and illustration of massage therapy effects.
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Ejdys, Joanna. "PROSPECTIVE QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF NURSING HOME CARE SERVICES." In Business and Management 2016. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2016.59.
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One of the forms of care for the elderly are the nursing homes, long-term care homes. Still, in many countries the low level of quality of such services is still the main criterion for the perception of objects as a final option, in the absence of alternative forms of care for an older person. The aim of the article is to seek answers to the questions about the expected quality of the services offered by nursing homes. The article presents the results of research on the expectations of the society in terms of quality of services, carried out on a sample of 602 Polish citizens. The study allowed to identify the key characteristics that determine the quality of services from the perspective of the future decisions related to the choice of the resort.
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Shen, Sheng Chih, and Yu-Jen Wang. "A Novel Handhold High Power MEMS Atomizer Using Micro Cymbal Shape Nozzle Plate for Inhalation Therapy." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86093.
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Inhalation therapy is being applied in the home care field to a gradually increasing degree, and therefore two issues of great importance are the convenience and portability of medical devices. Hence, this paper presents a novel highpower MEMS atomizer device that includes a ring-type piezoelectric actuator and a cymbal-shaped micro nozzle plate (CSNP). The latter can focus energy on the center of the nozzle plate and induce a large force, which provides the MEMS atomizer with the high power necessary to spray medical solutions of high viscosity and increase the atomization rate. The high-power MEMS atomizer can reduce liquids to droplets of an ultra-fine size distribution (Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter, MMAD), increasing the nebulizing rate and enabling the spraying of high-viscosity fluids (cP>3.5). In this research, the ultra-fine droplets were of a MMAD of less than 4.07 μm at 127.89kHz and the atomization rate was 0.5ml/min. The drive voltage of this high-power MEMS atomizer device was only 3V, and the power consumption only one-tenth that of conventional ultrasonic atomizers at 1.2W. The simulation and experiments carried out in this study proved that the droplets are much smaller than those produced by current conventional devices and the device is of greater efficiency; therefore, the high-power MEMS atomizer is suitable for use in the development of a convenient and portable inhalation therapy device.
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Afrin, Tahera. "Resilience in Daily Routines for Children with Autism." In 2021 ITP Research Symposium. Unitec ePress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/proc.2205014.
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Resilience for children with special needs is often discussed in terms of the families concerned rather than the children themselves. This article reports on a current study that aims to analyse sections of daily routines for children with autism, and to find subsequent examples of resilience that the children show. Under a qualitative research framework, the data is derived from a case study supported by a literature review. The literature review was conducted first to find out existing information that might be useful by parents and teachers to understand resilience of tamariki with autism. Relevant journal articles available in the EBESCO database within the time frame of 2000–2021 were looked at. An integrative review process was applied to navigate answers aligned with the research question. For the case study, the data were anecdotal records, of a child diagnosed with severe autism at the age of three. Anecdotes were from three years after the diagnosis, experienced by the author. The daily routine was divided into regular activities during the periods of morning, afternoon and night, both at home and in an early-childhood setting. The literature review revealed that meal time, toileting, play and transition are the aspects of daily routine that have been studied. However, the findings of these studies were very limited in terms of usefulness to teachers and parents due to their quantitative nature. The case study highlights common trends of resilience in the aspects of a day for a child with autism, while acknowledging differences that prevail. Strands of Te Whāriki, the Aotearoa New Zealand early-childhood curriculum, were used as a framework to analyse data for scaffolding the thoughts and mahi (work) of the early-childhood kaiako (teachers). The study proposes an extended version to include other cases, using social media networks.
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Denson, Rebecca, and Robin Mermelstein. "Ecological Momentary Assessment of Cannabis Use Contexts." In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.28.
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BACKGROUND: As recreational cannabis use increases, it is important to document the context in which use occurs. Cannabis use contexts may relate to safety and daily functioning (e.g., if cannabis is used while driving or at work/school) as well as motives for use (e.g., if cannabis is used in social environments). The present study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine the context surrounding cannabis use in adults’ natural environments. METHODS: Participants were recruited for a longitudinal study of dual use of cigarette and e-cigarettes. Data were collected in Illinois prior to legalization of recreational cannabis use. Participants completed baseline questionnaires and two seven-day waves of EMA; the current study included those who reported cannabis use on EMA interviews. Participants completed EMA when randomly prompted (5-6 times/day) and when using tobacco products. EMA reports measured past-hour substance use and current location, behavior, and social environment. Descriptive analyses evaluated relative frequencies of EMA events when cannabis use was reported (cannabis use events) and not reported (non-use events). Cannabis use and non-use event frequencies were examined by social environment (alone; with a partner/spouse, family, friends, children, coworkers, other), location (home, school/work, coffee shop/restaurant, sport/entertainment venue, car, other transit, bar/club), and behavior (hanging out, socializing, transit/driving, relaxing, texting/talking on phone, using a computer/app, nothing, other). Participants chose one location and could select all items that applied for social environment and behavior. Event frequencies were also examined by day of the week and time of day (4:00-8:59 AM, 9:00 AM-1:59 PM, 2:00-5:59 PM, 6:00-9:59 PM, and 10:00 PM-3:50 AM). RESULTS: Data come from 200 participants (35.5% female; mean age = 30; 11.5% Hispanic/Latino; 44.5% Non-Hispanic White; 29.5% Non-Hispanic Black; 10.0% Asian/Pacific Islander; 4.5% other race/ethnicity). Past 6-month cannabis use frequency was reported at baseline: 12.5% no use, 10.5% monthly or less, 14% 2-4 times/month, 15% 2-3 times/week, 48% 4+ times/week. The average baseline score on the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test-Revised was 9.90 (SD = 6.57). Overall, 14,160 EMA events were captured with 2,672 cannabis use events and 11,488 non-use events. Most cannabis use (77.2%) occurred at home. 9.1% of cannabis use occurred when driving/in transit. At cannabis use times, participants reported hanging out (41.5%), relaxing (35.0%), watching TV/movies (29.2%), and socializing (24.4%). Participants were alone in 41.0% of cannabis use events; when not alone during cannabis use, participants were most often with friends (48.0% of social cannabis use events), a partner/spouse (43.1%), or a family member (24.1%). Cannabis use was relatively consistent across days of the week, with slight increases on Thursday (15.9%) and Friday (16.4%). Most cannabis use (34.5%) occurred between 6:00-9:59 PM. CONCLUSIONS: These findings characterize the naturalistic context of cannabis use among a community sample of adults. Most cannabis use occurred at home and when engaging in leisure activities (e.g., relaxing, hanging out). Cannabis use did not appear to be very common in hazardous situations (e.g., while driving). As cannabis use continues to increase, the naturalistic context of cannabis use has implications for safety, motives, and cannabis use disorder.
Reports on the topic "Out-of-home care research"
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Oza, Shardul, and Jacobus Cilliers. What Did Children Do During School Closures? Insights from a Parent Survey in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/027.
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In this Insight Note, we report results of a phone survey that the RISE Tanzania Research team conducted with 2,240 parents (or alternate primary care-givers) of primary school children following the school closures in Tanzania. After the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Tanzania on 16 March 2020, the government ordered all primary schools closed the following day. Schools remained closed until 29 June 2020. Policymakers and other education stakeholders were concerned that the closures would lead to significant learning loss if children did not receive educational support or engagement at home. To help stem learning loss, the government promoted radio, TV, and internet-based learning content to parents of school-age children. The primary aims of the survey were to understand how children and families responded to the school closures, the education related activities they engaged in, and their strategies to send children back to school. The survey also measures households’ engagement with remote learning content over the period of school closures. We supplement the findings of the parent survey with insights from interviews with Ward Education Officers about their activities during the school closures. The survey sample is comprised of primary care-givers (in most cases, parents) of students enrolled in Grades 3 and 4 during the 2020 school year. The survey builds on an existing panel of students assessed in 2019 and 2020 in a nationally representative sample of schools.4 The parent surveys were conducted using Computer Assisted Telephonic Interviewing (CATI) over a two-week period in early September 2020, roughly two months after the re-opening of primary schools. We report the following key findings from this survey: *Almost all (more than 99 percent) of children in our sample were back in school two months after schools re-opened. The vast majority of parents believed it was either safe or extremely safe for their children to return to school. *Only 6 percent of households reported that their children listened to radio lessons during the school closures; and a similar fraction (5.5 percent) tuned into TV lessons over the same period. Less than 1 percent of those surveyed accessed educational programmes on the internet. Households with access to radio or TV reported higher usage. *Approximately 1 in 3 (36 percent) children worked on the family farm during the closures, with most children working either 2 or 3 days a week. Male children were 6.2 percentage points likelier to work on the family farm than female children. *Households have limited access to education materials for their child. While more than 9 out of 10 households have an exercise book, far fewer had access to textbooks (35 percent) or own reading books (31 percent). *One in four parents (24 percent) read a book to their child in the last week.