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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Outdoor thermal comfort

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Academic literature on the topic 'Outdoor thermal comfort'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Outdoor thermal comfort"

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Nikolopoulou, Marialena. "Outdoor thermal comfort." Frontiers in Bioscience S3, no. 4 (2011): 1552–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/s245.

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Nikolopoulou, Marialena. "Outdoor thermal comfort." Frontiers in Bioscience S3, no. 1 (2011): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/245.

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Zhang, Lili, Dong Wei, Yuyao Hou, Junfei Du, Zu’an Liu, Guomin Zhang, and Long Shi. "Outdoor Thermal Comfort of Urban Park—A Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 1961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051961.

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Urban parks are an important component of urban public green space and a public place where a large number of urban residents choose to conduct outdoor activities. An important factor attracting people to visit and stay in urban parks is its outdoor thermal comfort, which is also an important criterion for evaluating the liability of the urban environment. In this study, through field meteorological monitoring and a questionnaire survey, outdoor thermal comfort of different types of landscape space in urban parks in Chengdu, China was studied in winter and summer. Result indicated that (1) different types of landscape spaces have different thermal comforts, (2) air temperature is the most important factor affecting outdoor thermal comfort; (3) because the thermal sensation judgment of outdoor thermal comfort research in Chengdu area, an ASHRAE seven-sites scale can be used; (4) the neutral temperature ranges of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) in Chengdu in winter and summer were obtained through research; (5) and UTCI is the best index for evaluating outdoor thermal comfort in Chengdu. These findings provide theoretical benchmarks and technical references for urban planners and landscape designers to optimize outdoor thermal comfort in urban areas to establish a more comfortable and healthy living environment for urban residents.

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Kannamma, D., and A. Meenatchi Sundaram. "Implications of Building Material Choice on Outdoor Microclimate for Sustainable Built Environment." Key Engineering Materials 650 (July 2015): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.650.82.

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The climatic conditions in a man-made urban environment may differ appreciably from those in the surrounding natural or rural environs.... each urban man-made buildings, roads, parking area, factories......creates around and above it a modified climate with which it interacts [1].Outdoor thermal comfort has gained importance in thermal comfort studies especially in tropical countries. In country like India, culturally the activities are spread both indoors and outdoors. Therefore the need for ambient outdoor environment gains importance. As there are many factors that contribute to outdoor thermal comfort (climatic factors and physical factors), this study aims in analyzing the impact of building material contribution, in an institutional courtyard. In order to understand the thermal contribution of various building materials and to suggest material choice to designers, ENVIMET is used for simulation purpose. The outdoor thermal comfort index employed in this study is PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature), calibrated using RAYMAN.

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Sánchez Ramos, José, Aurore Toulou, Mcarmen Guerrero Delgado, Teresa Rocío Palomo Amores, Daniel Castro Medina, and Servando Álvarez Domínguez. "Thermal Resilience of Citizens: Comparison between Thermal Sensation and Objective Estimation in Outdoor Spaces: A Case Study in Seville, Spain." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 17, 2022): 11676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211676.

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Sanitary issues, combined with the effects of climate change, emphasize the comfort of outdoor spaces in cities. Numerous comfort models exist and can predict thermal sensation. However, these comfort indices need to be validated in hot zones and quantify the neutral range considering people’s thermal resilience. The present study investigates the outdoor thermal comfort of people who live in hot areas and are accustomed to this and quantifies this effect. For that, predictions provided by the COMFA thermal comfort model were compared with the occupants’ perceptions given in the field campaigns’ questionnaires. The field campaigns were associated with on-site monitoring of local climate variables. It was observed that during the survey period, the entire space was predicted to be uncomfortable by the COMFA model. On the contrary, the results of the questionnaires showed that the most frequently encountered thermal sensations were distributed between the comfort zone and the hot zone. The proposed methodology has been designed to be used by other researchers, and it is adaptable to other outdoor thermal comforts such as PET or ITS. The comparison between the model’s predictions and the users’ responses to space highlighted the tendency of the COMFA to overestimate the thermal sensations. This work’s results allow extending the neutral comfort band from 50 W/m2 (value of literature) to 80 W/m2. So, the paper quantifies that the effect of the thermal resilience of the people increases the thermal band of comfort by around 60%. These results will allow an accurate assessment of the effectiveness of future mitigation solutions implemented to improve outdoor thermal comfort in other world areas. It is due to the propose of a higher neutrality range researchers or designers could achieve outdoor thermal comfort in effective and reliable ways, even in hot climates.

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Elnabawi, Mohamed H., and Neveen Hamza. "Behavioural Perspectives of Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Areas: A Critical Review." Atmosphere 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11010051.

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The thermal characteristics of outdoor urban spaces and the street networks connecting them are vital to the assessment of the liveability and sustainability of cities. When urban spaces are thermally comfortable, city dwellers spend more time outdoors. This has several benefits for human health and wellbeing, also reducing indoor energy consumption and contributing to local economy. Studies on outdoor thermal comfort have highlighted the need to develop interdisciplinary frameworks that integrate physical, physiological, psychological, and social parameters to assist urban planners and designers in design decisions. In this paper, an extensive literature review of outdoor thermal comfort studies over the past decade was undertaken, including both rational and adaptive thermal comfort approaches, from the contextualize the behaviour perspectives related to the use of urban space. Consequently, the paper suggests a comprehensive framework for evaluating the relationship between the quantitative and qualitative parameters linking the microclimatic environment with subjective thermal assessment and social behaviour. The framework aims to contribute to the development of exclusive thermal comfort standards for outdoor urban settings.

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Qiao, Liang, and Xinling Yan. "Analysis of Thermal Comfort under Different Exercise Modes in Winter in Universities in Severe Cold Regions." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 15796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315796.

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In this study, we collected 927 cases of samples from students at the Harbin Institute of Technology, China and conducted a thermal comfort questionnaire survey on four outdoor exercise modes in winter. Additionally, we analyzed the thermal perception conditions of the campus population in winter, the association between exercise volume and TCV (Thermal Comfort Vote) and the correlation between PET (physiological equivalent temperature) and MTSV (Mean Thermal Sensation Vote). Furthermore, we identified different PET neutral temperatures under different exercise modes (skating 3 °C, running 6 °C, hiking 9 °C, standing 14 °C), the variability of different thermal comforts in the original residence and the trend of thermal comfort with outdoor activity time. Finally, we obtained the prediction model of thermal perception under different exercise modes, and it can used as a basis for assessing the cold outdoor thermal environment to provide some references for environmental designers.

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Zhang, Yingyi, and Chang Liu. "Digital Simulation for Buildings’ Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Neighborhoods." Buildings 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11110541.

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Buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort influences environment quality and human behavior in urban neighborhoods. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) has been broadly applied to the study of buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort in urban areas. However, complex environmental conditions in climate-sensitive urban areas can make UTCI assessment complicated and ineffective. This paper introduces digital techniques into buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort analysis for the improvement of the urban habitant environment. A digital simulation system is generated to facilitate the analysis procedure for buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort assessment in urban neighborhoods. The analysis addresses the research question: “Can digital simulation techniques provide a modeling system to assess buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort continuously and effectively?” Methods include a case study of neighborhoods in Beijing, qualitative and quantitative analysis based on digital processes, and parametric modeling. The results indicate that digital simulation techniques and tools have the capability to support the analysis of buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort by providing three-dimensional models, algorithm-based analysis, and visual simulation. The findings include a critique of digital simulation as applied to architecture study and insights on potentially improving buildings’ outdoor thermal comfort through human–computer interactions.

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Sung, Wen Pei, Shih Tai Hu, Yu Kuang Zhao, and Lei Wei. "Study on Outdoor and Semi-Outdoor Thermal Comfort of College Campus in Central Taiwan." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.624.

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Taiwan is a small island. Some of college campuses are very tiny with large hard pavement to cause un-comfortable outdoor environment. Most of faculty and students like to stay at classroom and use air-conditioner to establish comfort thermal environment. Thus, the outdoor and semi-outdoor thermal equipments are used to detect the parameters of weather. The test and analysis results show that hard pavements cause the un-comfortable outdoor comfort. Mean Radiant Temperatures of grass in summer is higher than the other pavement because that grass pavement is lack of moisture to causes bad outdoor thermal comfort. Therefore, the fine outdoor and semi-outdoor thermal comfort environment should consider the permeable pavement and grass with suitable moisture to cause better outdoor thermal environment and large arbores should be planted widely in campus to establish a better semi-outdoor thermal temperature in campus of the subtropical zone.

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Zhang, Shaojie, Shanzhi Li, Ling Shu, Tieqiao Xiao, and Taotao Shui. "Landscape Configuration Effects on Outdoor Thermal Comfort across Campus—A Case Study." Atmosphere 14, no. 2 (January 29, 2023): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020270.

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As a main place for student activities on campus, outdoor spaces have positive impacts on students’ physical and mental health. Namely, outdoor heat and comfort are of great significance to improve activity quality. Here, four unique outdoor spaces were studied to explore the varying effects on human thermal comfort during hot-summer and cold-winter periods. Distinct outdoor spaces (fully open, semi-open, semi-enclosed, and fully enclosed areas) from the southern campus of Anhui Jianzhu University were chosen. The PET was used as a metric for measuring thermal comfort and analyzing correlated spatiotemporal distributions. The results showed that outdoor thermal comfort was derived from multiple factors, including vegetation, underlying surface materials, building presence, and wind-heat environment. Notably, high correlations between Tmrt and thermal comfort were revealed, where such temperatures of places with trees or building shade were low; thus, PET was low. Further, Ws showed a significantly negative correlation with PET. Of the four outdoor space forms, the fully enclosed location had the lowest thermal comfort level, while the semi-enclosed spaces showed the highest level of body comfort. Therefore, semi-enclosed space (U-shaped) is recommended in campus planning and construction. Accordingly, an improved strategy was proposed based on experimental transformation for fully enclosed spaces. The thermal comfort after optimization was simulated to provide references for outdoor space thermal comfort improvement during seasonal extremes.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Outdoor thermal comfort"

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Nikolopoulou, Maria-Heleni. "Thermal comfort in outdoor urban spaces." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397141.

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Salleh, Elias Bin. "Tropical urban outdoor environment and human thermal comfort." Thesis, Open University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387286.

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Aljawabra, Faisal. "Thermal comfort in outdoor urban spaces : the hot arid climate." Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.655719.

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The thermal environment in outdoor spaces can significantly influence users’ thermal perception and thus their use of these spaces. Improving microclimatic conditions in urban spaces will most likely encourage people to spend more time outdoors, with the potential to improve their health and wellbeing, as well as boosting social cohesion. As well as enhancing the environmental quality of cities it should also eventually improve the quality of life of its citizens. This thesis is one of the first attempts to investigate the outdoor thermal comfort and the effect of cultural differences in hot arid climates. Case studies were carefully selected in two different parts of the world (Marrakech in North Africa and Phoenix-Arizona in North America) to represent a variety of users in similar climatic context. Field surveys, carried out during winter and summer, included: structured interviews with a standard questionnaire; observations of the human activities; and microclimatic monitoring. The results revealed that the solely physiological approach is insufficient to assess the outdoor thermal comfort conditions in hot arid climates. Environmental variables such as air temperature and solar radiation, could have a great impact on the use of the outdoor spaces in the hot arid climate, and may determine the number of people and activities in them. The study also shows that participants who usually spend more time outdoors due to their life style, “outdoors individuals”, tend to stay longer in the studied sites compared with the “indoors individuals” who spend more time indoors. This is probably because the “outdoor individuals” have better experience of the outdoor conditions and respective thermal conditions. Experience has a strong link with expectations so that according to their past experience, people prepare themselves for the expected weather by taking adaptive measures. People from different cultures in the hot arid climate are likely to evaluate their thermal conditions differently, have diverse thermal comfort requirements, and use urban public spaces differently as well. Further work needs to be done to cover more geographical areas within the hot arid climate. Such an expansion may generalise the findings of this study or explain any particularity associated with the sites of the current study. More research is also needed to investigate he thermal requirements and use of outdoor spaces by different social groups by using robust classification methods. Emphasis should be on investigating the influence of thermal comfort on the use of outdoor public spaces by young and older people, and how that may affect their health and will being in such climates.

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Nouri, Andre Naghi Lopes dos Santos. "Addressing urban outdoor thermal comfort thresholds through public space design." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16887.

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Tese de Doutoramento em Urbanismo, com a especialização em Urbanismo apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor.
Na cidade contemporânea, factores como as elevadas temperaturas e a intensidade dos efeitos da ilha de calor em meio urbano, têm vindo a revelar proeminente desconforto térmico e importantes preocupações com a saúde durante os períodos anuais de maior estímulo térmico. Para além destes riscos já existentes e inerentes ao clima urbano, as projecções das alterações climáticas apontam para uma exacerbação destes factores de risco ao longo do Séc. XXI. Muito embora as avaliações e outputs top-down tenham revelado informação de carácter imperativo relativamente a tais fenómenos, a emergência da agenda de adaptação às alterações climáticas veio também incentivar a comunidade científica internacional a maturar e a desenvolver abordagens bottom-up mais incisivas, com vista a fazer frente aos factores de risco locais. Assim sendo, a perspectiva de "localidade" tem vindo a ganhar um novo significado para disciplinas como o urbanismo e o design urbano, quando confrontados com aspectos como a segurança, o conforto térmico humano e a prosperidade do meio urbano contemporâneo. Todavia e, atendendo ao seu carácter emergente, as abordagens bottom-up ainda se encontram numa fase inicial e, consequentemente, relativamente limitadas, tendo em conta a distância existente entre a teoria e a aplicação prática. Como resposta, esta tese efectua uma abordagem bottom-up e uma reflexão acerca do modo como a união entre a climatologia urbana e o design do espaço público urbano, enquanto campos distintos, pode ser fortalecida. Tal fortalecimento visa investigar de forma directa sobre a possibilidade de "localmente", o conforto térmico humano em meio urbano exterior, ser melhorado através de práticas interdisciplinares apoiadas no conhecimento científico. Tendo em consideração o caso de Lisboa, esta investigação analisa a forma como esta abordagem pode suplantar questões como a incerteza climática/aplicacional e, consequentemente: (i) traduzir-se em linhas de orientação para o urbanismo e para o design urbano local, que poderão ser aplicadas/implementadas em múltiplas circunstâncias e contextos urbanos; visando ainda, (ii) auxiliar especialistas "não-climatólogos" a realizar levantamentos bioclimáticos (baseados em dados locais e/ou na informação obtida a partir da estação meteorológica) com o intuito de determinar/atenuar os factores de risco de stress associados ao calor e ao frio num determinado contexto exterior. Consequentemente e, focado numa abordagem bottom-up que para além disso considera outputs relevantes a partir de avaliações top-down, o design do espaço público é retratado como sendo uma ferramenta indispensável, com vista a assegurar "localmente" um meio urbano activo, confortável e seguro, tanto no presente, quanto num futuro que se afigura incerto.
ABSTRACT: Within the existing city, factors such as elevated urban temperatures and intensities of urban heat island effects are already revealing prominent thermal discomfort and health concerns during annual periods of more accentuated climatic stimuli. In addition to these exiting risks upon the urban microclimate, climate change projections indicate further exacerbations of such risks factors throughout the course of the twenty-first century. Although top-down assessments and disseminations have revealed imperative information with regards to such phenomena, the emergence of the climate change adaptation agenda has also arguably propelled the scientific international community to further mature bottom-up approaches to address local risk factors. As such, the perspective of ‘locality’ has been one which has gained new meaning for disciplines such as urban planning and design when considering the climatic safety, human thermal comfort, and prosperity of the contemporary public realm. Nevertheless, and resultant of its emerging nature, bottom-up approaches are still somewhat limited in terms of its existing breadth between theory and application and practice. As a response, this thesis undertakes a bottom-up approach and discusses how the union between the individual fields of urban climatology and public space design can be fortified. Such a fortification is directly aimed at investigating how local outdoor human thermal comfort can be improved through an interdisciplinary practice which is backed by scientific know-how and practice. Considering the case of Lisbon, this research deliberates upon how such an approach can overcome issues of climatic and applicative uncertainty, and can: (i) be translated into local design and planning guidelines which can be applied within numerous different urban circumstances; and (ii) aid non-climatological experts to undertake bioclimatic surveys (based both upon site and/or meteorological station data) to determine, and attenuate, local heat and cold stress risk factors within a particular outdoor context. Accordingly, and centred upon a bottom-up approach, which moreover considers important disseminations from top-down assessments, public space design is portrayed as an imperative tool to locally ensure an active, comfortable and safe public realm, both presently, and in an uncertain future.
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Poonam, Anaokar Deepak. "Outdoor Thermal Comfort Analysis for the Dhond Residence in GOA, India." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190206.

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The hypothesis of this study is to create a thermally viable microclimate for a residential outdoor space in the hot humid climate of the state of Goa in India with innovative and intelligent use of landscaping materials and shading conditions to control radiation, direct heat, air movements and moisture. This research focuses on the optimization of the performance of outdoor spaces using computer simulations. Outdoor spaces form an important part of houses in the hot-humid region as the humidity levels are high and natural air currents are the best option. A typical house in the tropical region would be defined by three types of spaces- indoor, outdoors and a combination of the indoor and the outdoor consisting of generally of a verandah or a loggia. This thesis focuses on the “indoor- outdoor” spaces where the breezes could be used to cool the space as well as the use of non–radiative materials so as to lower the temperature in the outdoor spaces and restore conditions to the thermal comfort zone. This study is aimed towards the integration of architecture with landscape architecture to achieve thermal comfort for outdoor spaces and to demonstrate how these can be optimized for better comfort for the residential structures in the tropical zone.

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Ali, Toudert Fazia. "Dependence of outdoor thermal comfort on street design in hot and dry climate." Freiburg [Breisgau] : Meteorologisches Inst, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014731769&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Toudert, Fazia Ali. "Dependence of outdoor thermal comfort on street design in hot and dry climate /." Freiburg : Meteorologisches Institut der Universität Freiburg, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=977714403.

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Malekzadeh, Masoud. "Positioning of outdoor space in house design : an energy efficiency and thermal comfort perspective." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10301.

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The present thesis is primarily motivated by the will to provide help for decisionmaking on the overall layout of a house or a housing development in the very early stages of design from the point of view of energy efficiency and thermal comfort. This study contributes towards a deeper understanding of thermal interactions between a house and its adjacent enclosed open spaces. It addresses the contribution of the yard design, i.e. placement, size and type towards the development of a comfortable microclimate within the yard itself, as well as the reduction of total energy demands of the house for mechanical heating and cooling. The focus is put on the applicability of the results and findings are expressed in form of a decision-making aid. This research also makes empirical and analytical assessments on the validity of some existing methods and tools that are used for understanding the nature of microclimates in small scales and proposes methods for their improvement, particularly when used in conjunction with standard tools for the assessment of indoor climates. These methods are also demonstrated through an exemplary application in an archetypal setting and the results of the exemplary case are analysed to reach a decision on the most advisable design layouts for the buildings in the example. As a result, this work emphasises on the importance of private outdoor spaces and how their careful design can benefit occupiers, investors and the environment.

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Ridha, Suaad. "Urban heat Island mitigation strategies in an arid climate. In outdoor thermal comfort reacheable." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0006/document.

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De nombreuses études au cours des dernières décennies ont porté sur l'effet l’îlot de chaleur urbain (ICU). Les efforts initiaux visant à comprendre les facteurs qui influent sur l’ICU ont contribué à la mise en place de solutions et de stratégies d'atténuation adaptées. Les stratégies d'atténuation comprennent généralement l'augmentation de l'albédo urbain (réflectivité au rayonnement solaire) et l'évapotranspiration. Les augmentations d'albedo sont obtenues grâce à des technologies de toiture et de pavage ayant un albédo élevé. Une augmentation de l'évapotranspiration est obtenue par une combinaison de la diminution de la fraction de surfaces imperméables et la plantation de végétation dans les zones urbaines. Le confort thermique extérieur est défini à partir d’indices prenant en compte différents paramètres physiques et traduit la perception et la satisfaction des piétons. Ce confort est très difficile à obtenir en climat chaud et aride. Par conséquent, le travail présenté dans ce document met l'accent sur les méthodes appropriées pour réduire l’ICU et ainsi améliorer le confort thermique en plein air des piétons. Jusqu’à présent, peu de recherches ont été menées sur le confort thermique extérieur dans un climat chaud et aride. Les études sur l'atténuation de l'ICU et le confort thermique extérieur sont pratiquement inexistantes pour la ville de Bagdad. Bagdad a un tissu urbain complexe avec des constructions modernes, des maisons traditionnelles et des éléments caractéristiques du patrimoine local. Le climat en été est chaud, et les mois d'été sont considérés comme la plus longue saison avec près de 7 mois de l'année. Dans un premier temps, cette étude se concentre sur l'étude des stratégies d'atténuation à envisager afin d’évaluer comment le confort des piétons est affecté par les choix de conception des constructions, en comparant un quartier traditionnel à un quartier moderne. L’étude envisage ensuite la façon dont la végétation et les ombrages contribuent à réduire l'effet de l'ICU et à améliorer le confort thermique extérieur. Quatre scénarios différents sont élaborés pour évaluer le rôle d’éléments végétaux tels que les arbres, l'herbe et les différents modèles d'ombrage. L'évaluation a été effectuée le jour le plus chaud de l'été, la température radiante moyenne, l'humidité spécifique, la température de l'air et les distributions de la vitesse du vent ont été analysées à l'aide du logiciel ENVI-met. Le confort thermique est ensuite évalué à l'aide des indices thermiques de la température équivalente physiologique PET et du PMV étendu aux ambiances extérieures. En outre, une proposition de solution est abordée afin d’étudier son impact sur le confort thermique pour la journée la plus chaude (situation extrême) et une journée typique d’été. Les résultats ont révélé une amélioration du confort thermique dans la journée typique d’été. L'étude montre comment les facteurs urbains tels que le rapport d'aspect, la couverture végétale, les ombres et la géométrie du quartier sont des éléments cruciaux que les urbanistes et les municipalités doivent prendre en compte, en particulier pour les nouveaux aménagements urbains dans un climat chaud et aride. Une proposition d’aménagement global pour atténuer les ICU dans le cas d’un nouveau quartier sous climat aride, est détaillée en fin de mémoire
Numerous studies over the past several decades focused on the effect of the Urban Heat Island. Initial efforts on understanding the factors affecting UHI contributed to proceed the appropriate solutions and mitigation strategies. Mitigation strategies comprise increase both urban albedo (reflectivity to solar radiation), and evapotranspiration. Albedo increases are obtained through high albedo roofing and paving technologies. An increase in evapotranspiration is achieved through a combination of decreasing the fraction of impervious surfaces and planting vegetation in urban areas. The outdoor thermal comfort is influenced by the perception and satisfaction of the pedestrians, especially in hot and arid climates. Consequently, this work focuses on the appropriate methods for reducing the Urban Heat Island and thus to enhance the pedestrians outdoor thermal comfort. However, there is limited research conducted on the outdoor thermal comfort in hot and arid climate. The studies on the mitigation the Urban Heat Island and the outdoor thermal comfort are almost non-existent for Baghdad city. Baghdad has a complex urban fabric with modern design constructions buildings, traditional and heritage houses. The climate in summer is hot, and summer months are considered the longest season with nearly 7 months of the year. This study focuses on investigating possible mitigation strategies to ensure how pedestrian comfort is affected by the constructions design choices comparing a traditional district to a modern one, and on how vegetation and shading patterns contribute to reducing the effect of UHI and improving the outdoor thermal comfort. Four different scenarios are designed to assess the role of vegetation elements such as trees, grass, and different shading patterns. The evaluation was performed on the hottest day in summer, the mean radiant temperature, specific humidity, air temperature, and wind speed distributions have been analyzed using ENVI-met software. Thermal comfort is assessed using the thermal indices the Physiological Equivalent Temperature PET and the Predicted Mean Vote PMV. Also, a proposal model is designed to evaluate the thermal comfort on the hottest day and the typical day in summer. The results revealed an improvement on thermal comfort in the typical day in summer. The study shows how the urban factors such as the aspect ratio, vegetation cover, shadings, and geometry of the canyon are crucial elements that urban planners and municipalities have to take into account, especially for new urban developments in hot, arid climate

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Zou, Jiwei. "Predicting convective heat transfer from Computational Thermal Manikin in urban outdoor environments." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24516.

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Urban residents are increasingly encouraged to go outside for recreation and relaxation purposes, which may improve personal health and reduce building energy consumption. It is important to understand the thermal conditions of human body in urban outdoor environments. However, the urban wind conditions at the pedestrian level and their impact on the thermal comfort of people have not been thoroughly investigated to date. This study aims to predict the convective heat loss from human body subject to urban outdoor wind environments. Onsite wind measurements are carried out at 0.6 m, 1.2 m, and 1.8 m above the ground on three representative green lands in the coastal city of Sydney in Australia. Meanwhile, the effects of the wind velocity and turbulent conditions on the convective heat loss from human body are investigated using a computational thermal manikin (CTM) model, which is validated against published experimental data. Along with empirical equations derived from the CTM simulation, the wind data collected from onsite measurements is used for predicting the convective heat loss from human body in the outdoor wind environments. In total six groups of wind measurements have been carried out at each measurement sites over a period of four months (from March 2019 to June 2019). The time duration of each measurement is one hour and the sampling frequency is set to 20 Hz. Compared with the local meteorological data recorded at the seaside airport of Sydney, the wind speed in the city is at least 50% lower. To calculate the turbulence characteristics of the wind environment, we use a 1-min averaging period to generate the vertical wind profile of turbulent intensity and turbulence length scale. The correlations between the wind speed and wind turbulence characteristics at different measuring sites are examined. The turbulence intensity measured in this study matches with the reference range given in existing guidelines, while the measured turbulence length scale is much smaller than the value given in the guidelines. It is found that the empirical Von-Karman Spectra can be used to describe the frequency distribution of the turbulence at the pedestrian level in urban open space. The insight of this study regarding the vertical wind profile, turbulence intensity and turbulence length scale at the pedestrian height is beneficial for outdoor thermal comfort assessment. The results of the present CTM simulation show that the convective heat loss of most body segments increases with increasing wind velocity and turbulent intensity and decreasing turbulence length scale. Empirical correlations for predicting convective heat transfer coefficients as a function of the wind velocity, turbulent intensity and turbulence length scale are derived based on simple-geometry assumptions. It is found that, at a given wind velocity and over the ranges of the turbulence conditions from the field measurements, the variations between the high and low values of the convective heat transfer coefficients can be up to 67%. The results of the CTM simulation demonstrate the significance of capturing the turbulent wind conditions for accurately predicting the heat loss from human body for outdoor thermal comfort studies.

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Books on the topic "Outdoor thermal comfort"

1

Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5.

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Toudert, Fazia Ali. Dependence of outdoor thermal comfort on street design in hot and dry climate. Freiburg: Meteorologisches Instituts der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, 2005.

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Tan, Zheng, Chao Ren, Kevin Ka-Lun Lau, and Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo. Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment: Assessments and Applications in Urban Planning and Design. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Outdoor thermal comfort"

1

Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. "Characteristics of Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments." In SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology, 1–9. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5_1.

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Teoh, Mei-Yee, Michihiko Shinozaki, Kei Saito, and Ismail Said. "Studying outdoor thermal comfort and resilience in an urban design perspective." In Routledge Handbook of Resilient Thermal Comfort, 259–75. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003244929-20.

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Greenberg, Evan, Anna Mavrogianni, and Sean Hanna. "Toward a Spatial Model for Outdoor Thermal Comfort." In Humanizing Digital Reality, 407–16. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6611-5_35.

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Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. "Urban Greening Strategies for Enhancing Outdoor Thermal Comfort." In SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology, 85–100. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5_6.

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Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. "Effect of Tree Species on Outdoor Thermal Comfort." In SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology, 101–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5_7.

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Katavoutas, G., H. A. Flocas, and M. Tsitsomitsiou. "Thermal Comfort in Hot Outdoor Environment Under Unsteady Conditions." In Advances in Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics, 175–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29172-2_25.

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Ming, Tingzhen, Chong Peng, Tingrui Gong, and Zhengtong Li. "Thermal Comfort and Pollutant Transport in Outdoor Street Buildings." In Pollutant Dispersion in Built Environment, 57–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3821-1_3.

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Krüger, Eduardo, Luísa Alcantara Rosa, and Eduardo Grala da Cunha. "Potential effects of anthropometric variables on outdoor thermal comfort." In Urban Heat Stress and Mitigation Solutions, 78–94. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003045922-5-6.

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Khan, Zahida, and Rahman Azari. "Outdoor Thermal Comfort & Human Behavior Factors, Models, and Methodologies." In Research Methods in Building Science and Technology, 131–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73692-7_7.

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Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. "Environmental Perception and Outdoor Thermal Comfort in High-Density Cities." In SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology, 51–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Outdoor thermal comfort"

1

ZHEN, Meng, Ru JIA, Weihan ZOU, Wei DING, and Ling WANG. "Outdoor Thermal Sensation and Thermal Comfort in Xi'an." In Countermeasures to Urban Heat Islands. BS Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/bsp.ic2uhi.27.

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Hiller, Marion, Ata Chokhachian, Christian Frenzel, Pablo Arango, and Wolfgang Kessling. "Annual simulation of outdoor thermal comfort with TRNSYS." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30651.

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Zhu, Yuemei, Jing Liu, Yang Yao, Zuiliang Ma, Aya Hagishima, and Jun Tanimoto. "Evaluating the Impact of Solar Radiation on Outdoor Thermal Comfort by the Development and Validation of a Simple Urban Climatic Model." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99012.

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In this paper, in order to predict the outdoor thermal environment, a simple multi-layer canopy model coupled with calculation of outdoor thermal comfort was developed. SET* value was used to estimate the pedestrian level of thermal comfort in the outdoor thermal environment. Preliminary verification of this model using observational data on the outdoor thermal conditions showed good results. In addition, the results show that outdoor thermal comfort is significantly different with air temperature. Except for air temperature, both solar radiation and humidity play important roles on outdoor thermal comfort.

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Walther, Edouard, Carla Delmarre, and Séverine Huet. "Simulation of outdoor thermal comfort: a tweak with energyplus." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30227.

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Grifoni, R. Cocci, M. Pierantozzi, S. Tascini, and G. Passerini. "Assessing the representativeness of thermal comfort in outdoor spaces." In The Sustainable City 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc120702.

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6

Ying, Cheng-Hua, Chuang-Hung Lin, and Ruey-Lung Hwang. "The thermal comfort level of activities on public outdoor space." In 2011 International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cecnet.2011.5769264.

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Sayad, Bouthaina, and Djamel Alkama. "Adaptive Human Mechanisms of Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Cold Stress." In 3rd International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/n32020iccaua316345.

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Mathew, Mobi, and Siddhartha. "Analysis of outdoor thermal comfort in warm and humid tropical climate." In 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Technology and Science (ICETETS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetets.2016.7603077.

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Lukić, Milica, and Jelena Milovanović. "UTCI Based Assessment of Urban Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Belgrade, Serbia." In Sinteza 2020. Beograd, Serbia: Singidunum University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15308/sinteza-2020-70-77.

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Grifoni, R. Cocci, G. Passerini, and M. Pierantozzi. "Assessment of outdoor thermal comfort and its relation to urban geometry." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp130011.

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