Relevant bibliographies by topics / Outside agents

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Outside agents'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Outside agents"

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Montello, Michael J., Jay J. Greenblatt, Alfred Fallavollita, and Dale Shoemaker. "Accessing investigational anticancer agents outside of clinical trials." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 55, no. 7 (1998): 651–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/55.7.651.

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Stein, Harald D. "ALLOCATION RULES WITH OUTSIDE OPTION IN COOPERATION GAMES WITH TIME‐INCONSISTENCY." Journal of Business Economics and Management 11, no. 1 (2010): 56–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2010.04.

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In game theory agents have the possibility to make binding agreements. The agents are assumed to determine their strategies based on intended but bounded rationality. The field of strategic games provides the possibility to an agent to understand the optimality of his behaviour. In coalition and network games stability, Pareto‐efficiency and fairness of agreements is investigated. The paper shows the relationship between the different fields of game theory in the case of 3 agents. On that basis it shows the ubiquity of time‐inconsistency in dynamic setting due to bounded rationality, deception and environment changes. The paper explains why allocation rules like the Shapley‐based Aumann‐Drèze‐value and the Myerson‐value for coalition structures must be modified in dynamic setting in order to consider the influence of excluded agents, the outside option. An accordingly modified allocation rule is introduced and investigated. It is shown that the “Aumann‐Drèze‐value” and the “Myerson‐value for coalition structures” remains relevant for the case that the switching of the partner is connected with high costs. It is shown through the example of enterprise cooperation in supply chains that low partner switching costs require the introduced allocation rule that considers the outside option. Santrauka Žaidimu teorijoje agentai turi galimybe sudaryti isipareigojančius susitarimus. Agentai, kaip yra mano‐ma, numato savo strategijas riboto racionalumo salygomis. Strateginiu žaidimu sritis sudaro galimybe agentui suvokti optimalios elgsenos krypti. Straipsnyje tyrinejamas ryšys tarp skirtingu žaidimu teo‐rijos sričiu tuo atveju, kai susitarimuose dalyvauja trys agentai. Atskleidžiamas neišvengiamas agentu elgsenos nesuderinamumas del riboto racionalumo, apgavysčiu bei aplinkos pokyčiu. Straipsnyje aiš‐kinama, kad žaidimu teorijos numatomos agentu susitarimu taisykles turetu būti modifikuotos siekiant ivertinti papildomu susitarimu alternatyvu galimybe.
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Stein, Harald D. "ALLOCATION RULES WITH OUTSIDE OPTION IN COOPERATION GAMES WITH TIME‐INCONSISTENCY." Journal of Business Economics and Management 11, no. 1 (2010): 56–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.202010.04.

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In game theory agents have the possibility to make binding agreements. The agents are assumed to determine their strategies based on intended but bounded rationality. The field of strategic games provides the possibility to an agent to understand the optimality of his behaviour. In coalition and network games stability, Pareto‐efficiency and fairness of agreements is investigated. The paper shows the relationship between the different fields of game theory in the case of 3 agents. On that basis it shows the ubiquity of time‐inconsistency in dynamic setting due to bounded rationality, deception and environment changes. The paper explains why allocation rules like the Shapley‐based Aumann‐Drèze‐value and the Myerson‐value for coalition structures must be modified in dynamic setting in order to consider the influence of excluded agents, the outside option. An accordingly modified allocation rule is introduced and investigated. It is shown that the “Aumann‐Drèze‐value” and the “Myerson‐value for coalition structures” remains relevant for the case that the switching of the partner is connected with high costs. It is shown through the example of enterprise cooperation in supply chains that low partner switching costs require the introduced allocation rule that considers the outside option. Santrauka Žaidimu teorijoje agentai turi galimybe sudaryti isipareigojančius susitarimus. Agentai, kaip yra mano‐ma, numato savo strategijas riboto racionalumo salygomis. Strateginiu žaidimu sritis sudaro galimybe agentui suvokti optimalios elgsenos krypti. Straipsnyje tyrinejamas ryšys tarp skirtingu žaidimu teo‐rijos sričiu tuo atveju, kai susitarimuose dalyvauja trys agentai. Atskleidžiamas neišvengiamas agentu elgsenos nesuderinamumas del riboto racionalumo, apgavysčiu bei aplinkos pokyčiu. Straipsnyje aiš‐kinama, kad žaidimu teorijos numatomos agentu susitarimu taisykles turetu būti modifikuotos siekiant ivertinti papildomu susitarimu alternatyvu galimybe.
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Abiew, Francis Kofi, and Tom Keating. "Outside Agents and the Politics of Peacebuilding and Reconciliation." International Journal 55, no. 1 (1999): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40203457.

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Abiew, Francis Kofi, and Tom Keating. "Outside Agents and the Politics of Peacebuilding and Reconciliation." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 55, no. 1 (2000): 80–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200005500107.

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Williams, Sarah CP. "Alzheimer's imaging agents struggle to find a market outside trials." Nature Medicine 19, no. 12 (2013): 1551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1213-1551.

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Armstrong, Michael B. "Proteasome Inhibition: Thinking outside the Box." Clinical Medicine. Therapeutics 1 (January 2009): CMT.S3072. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmt.s3072.

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A new era in cancer therapy is emerging with the development of tumor-specific agents exhibiting less toxicity. Since the advent of imatinib, several tumor-directed treatment options have been developed. However, therapies not directed specifically at a tumor target also have potential benefits. The 26S proteasome is a critical regulator of cell homeostasis through the degradation of key signaling molecules including p21, p27, and p53. Additionally, the proteasome degrades I-κB which inhibits the activity of NF-κB, an important promoter of cell proliferation. Blocking function of the proteasome disrupts tumor growth by shifting the balance of the cell from proliferation to apoptosis. In vitro, the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, inhibits NF-κB activity and prevents growth of several malignant cell types including multiple myeloma. Given the central role of NF-κB in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma, bortezomib was a good candidate for use in therapy. Treatment of heavily pre-treated patients with bortezomib led to response rates of 30%-40%. More importantly, bortezomib led to improvements in bone metabolism, a major cause of morbidity in multiple myeloma. This effect was seen independent of the response of the myeloma. This finding correlates with in vitro studies which demonstrate increased BMP2 expression and osteoblast number after exposure to bortezomib. Moreover, bortezomib blocks NF-κB-mediated angiogenesis and tumor cell metastasis. While tumor-targeted treatments have an important role in the future of cancer therapy, these examples show that it is important not to lose sight of the benefits of less-specific agents in the treatment of malignant neoplasms.
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Ramdarshan Bold, Melanie. "Can Literary Agents Be Based Outside London and Still Be Successful?" Logos 24, no. 1 (2013): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1878-4712-11112008.

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Mandell, Gerald L., and Elizabeth J. Coleman. "Activities of Antimicrobial Agents against Intracellular Pneumococci." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44, no. 9 (2000): 2561–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.44.9.2561-2563.2000.

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ABSTRACT Pneumococci can enter and survive inside human lung alveolar carcinoma cells. We examined the activity of azithromycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, penicillin G, rifampin, telithromycin, and trovafloxacin against pneumococci inside and outside cells. We found that moxifloxacin, trovafloxacin, and telithromycin were the most active, but only telithromycin killed all intracellular organisms.
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Abdel Rahim Dahiyat, Emad. "Intelligent agents and intentionality: Should we begin to think outside the box?" Computer Law & Security Review 22, no. 6 (2006): 472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2006.09.001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Outside agents"

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Al-Dahiyat, Emad Abdel Rahim. "Towards legal recognition of intelligent software agents : should we think outside the box?" Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=236213.

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It is argued that it is no longer convincing to classify the advanced generations of software agents as passive transmission tools, and that the traditional paradigm of face-to-face communication may not readily fit the intelligent agent technology that is evolving with an ultimate aim of eliminating any effective human involvement in the electronic contracting process. It is also argued that the idea of custody might seem inappropriate where the harm is a function of many factors, or when an electronic agent has a malfunction or operates in a manner unintended, unauthorized or unforeseen. It is argued that the introduction of “one-size” regulation without sufficient consideration of the nature of electronic agents or the environments in which they communicate might lead to a divorce between the legal theory and technological practice. In the third part, it is concluded that it is incorrect to deal with electronic agents as if they were either legal persons or nothing without in any way accounting for the fact that there are various kinds of electronic agents endowed with different levels of autonomy, mobility, intelligence, and sophistication. Throughout this thesis, we insist on the importance of establishing a reciprocal cooperation between law and technology so that law interferes in the earlier stages, rather than waiting the technological outcomes and then struggling to accommodate novel issues in an outdated legal framework. Law is also strongly advised to take into account the role every party plays in producing the action in question, consider the type of problem that caused the damage, and then use different standards of responsibility depending whether the action is done autonomously by an unattended software, or whether it is done automatically by an attended software. On the other hand, this thesis advocates that it has become necessary to re-evaluate the legal status and role of intelligent software agents in electronic commerce.
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Young, Christine E. "The Use of Outside Agents to Improve Special Education Service Delivery: A Mixed-Methods Analysis." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5646.

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Under the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, states created statewide systems of support, in collaboration with existing agencies, to deliver targeted assistance to districts and schools identified as in need of support. With limited personnel and resources, state education agencies partnered with outside agents to address the needs of a growing number of low-performing schools. Support and services for low-performing schools were designed to increase opportunities for schools to meet academic content and achievement standards for all students. Strong outside agents (skilled in systems change, knowledge of interventions and capacity for relationship-building) have been shown to produce changes in low-performing schools, but the long-term effect of those changes is unclear. One barrier to the implementation of the statewide system of support, and to any useful evaluation of its impact, is the presence of vulnerable populations, such as students with disabilities. Because low-performing schools tend to have larger student populations identified with academic risk factors like disability status, understanding how the partnership between state education agencies and outside agents improves outcomes for students with disabilities, specifically, is essential in evaluating the overall impact of the statewide system of support. The purpose of this research is to examine how a mid-sized state’s implementation of the statewide system of support provision, as outlined in The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, by incorporating an existing regional training and technical assistance system, one focused specifically on improving special education, impacted instructional delivery for students with disabilities.
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Sonderegger, Silvia. "Principle-agent problems with type-dependent outside options." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1963/.

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The literature on adverse selection has until recently concentrated on the case where the agent's outside option is type-independent, implying that all types of agent receive the same payoff should no trade occur with the principal. Unfortunately, this assumption is not innocuous. If it is relaxed, the properties of the optimal contract can change dramatically. This thesis characterizes the impact of type-dependent outside options in three different settings. First, we explore the notion that a worker's prospects in the labour market may be influenced by his employment history. Under these circumstances, employers may incentivise their employees by randomizing over the probability with which current employees are retained. We identify a set of sufficient conditions for this to be the case in a two-period employment relationship, where the employee's ability is private information and both parties are risk-neutral. Although randomization is seldom observed in the real world, our results suggest that employers may optimally introduce some ambiguity over the conditions that need to be fulfilled in order to be retained. Second, we study competition in price-quality menus within the context of an horizontally differentiated duopoly, where each firm also operates in a local, monopolistic market. It is assumed that the consumer's (unobservable) valuation for quality is determined by the nature of his preferences over horizontal (or brand) product characteristics. We find that, if competition between the two firms is sufficiently fierce: (1) the equilibrium quality schedule exhibits bunching and (2) the equilibrium contract features overprovision of quality for sufficiently low types. Thus, with respect to the monopoly setting, competition may introduce new types of distortions, namely upward distortions. Third, we analyze the conflict of interests that arises between employers and employees with respect to the adoption of innovations that change the nature of the skills relevant for production. If an employer decides to adopt a new technology, he will also replace his specialist workforce. Thus, although a current employee has access to superior information concerning the efficiency of the new technology, he also has an incentive to misreport it. We show that if (1) the employee's expected utility from alternative employment is lower when the new technology is superior and (2) the employer cannot commit to retain the employee if the new technology is adopted, no renegotiation-proof contract exists, which induces the employee to truthfully reveal his information. In the special case where the employee can ex-ante commit to make his information publicly available (commitment to transparency), access to external sources of information can result in the employer's choice of technology being less efficient than otherwise.
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Alfredsson, Malin, and Astrid Arnamo. "Att vara socionomkonsult : En professionell outsider?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157973.

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The usage of agency social workers in Sweden have increased during the past few decades and there is a lack of research on this topic. This study aims to describe how the agency social workers experience the work within the swedish social services and how it affects their role with regards to their deviant type of employment. The study is comprised of qualitative interviews with seven agency social workers who have differentiated experience in social services assignments. The results of the study is based on thematic analysis and Becker’s theory of outsiders. The results show that the agency social workers don’t necessarily regard themselves as outsiders in a negative sense, but rather in a positive way. However, they tend to use strategies to avoid behaviour that can appear deviant and therefore avoid being labelled as outsiders. This includes for instance living up to both formal and informal expectations, being careful when it comes to criticizing the hiring organisation and being cautious in their involvement in social relationships to the permanent staff. Opposed to previous studies, these results indicate that the agency social workers expresses more positive experiences in relation to the hiring organisation.
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Jenkins, Kerry Claire. "Outside directors experience and the effect on company value : a South African study." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/outside-directors-experience-and-the-effect-on-company-value-a-south-african-study(cba327db-83af-43e2-ab44-e3da8a0bb5a8).html.

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In this thesis I investigate the impact of outside directors experience on company value. I do so by looking at a clear event, company delistings in the time period 2003 to 2011 in South Africa, a country with arguably imperfect institutions. Based on qualitative and quantitative research I am able to establish that director experience is indeed associated with company value. The qualitative analysis is based on semi-structured interviews with over 30 highly experienced, independent non-executive directors who have/had seats on over 150 South African listed company boards. Their responses confirm resource theory dependency and provide information on the nature of experience, its relevance during delisting and under other circumstances, as well as insight into the type of experience lacking on boards in corporate South Africa. The results of this research can be of practical use to nomination committees and has implications for future South African governance code reforms and/or guidelines.
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Schellhas, Hans. "The Designer as an Agent for Social Change: Creating an Alternative Communications Model Outside of the Marketplace of Private Media Ownership." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186772616.

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Ricks, Joi Elizabeth. "Living outside the box: sustaining the lifelong community through universal design." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34732.

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We all want to live in a healthy community. Each of us has his or her own image of what such a community should look like. That image is shaped, in part, by our reaction to the communities in which we now live or used to live. However we often take for granted the elements of communities that enable and sometimes disable many of us to remain active in a community for a lifetime. For older residents, a lifelong community would include elements that help them to maintain independence and quality of life. The physical characteristics of a community often play a major role in facilitating our personal independence. In order to combat the growing challenges and health concerns facing the American lifestyle this research proposes a set of design guidelines that promote sustainable lifelong communities that are universally designed for people of all ages and levels of physical ability. The purpose of developing a set of universal design guidelines for lifelong communities is to alleviate many of the physical barriers and challenges that prevent some Americans from active involvement in the community. The methods employed to develop these guidelines were based on literature review and analysis. This research was incorporated into a new body of practical standards that was tested against a real life community in Decatur, Georgia. These standards were edited and revised to appropriately accommodate the necessary adaptations that were discovered during the evaluation phase. The resultant guidelines are presented with the intention of becoming a usable guide for planning agencies such as the Atlanta Regional Commission and other local and national community design facilitators.
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Wilson, Alexander James. "Engi maðr skapar sik sjálfr : individual agency and the communal creation of outsiders in Íslendingasögur outlaw narratives." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12627/.

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This thesis examines how Íslendingasögur out¬law narratives engage with socio-political concepts of community and the individual. It demonstrates that the sagas discussed share key anxieties over the deep structural problems in society, which are shown to restrict the individual agency of their protagonists, a restriction that motivates the transgressive behaviour of these individuals. The thesis suggests that these texts force their audiences to consider how each of their protagonists, despite his desire to live on his own terms, has his life and fate primarily defined—or indeed created—by the other members of his community. The introductory chapter details important trends in literary-critical scholarship about Íslendingasögur outlaw narratives, particularly trends that have caused problems for analysis of the texts’ socio-political dimensions. Chapter two reviews the usefulness of interpreting Gísli Súrsson as a primarily anachronistic figure within his contemporary society; it argues that such an interpretation overly downplays how the society of Gísla saga is shown to be defined by conflicting systems of communal expectation, which underlie Gísli’s approach to vengeance. Chapter three discusses how Grettis saga shows that various social constructs, including outlawry, are used reductively by Grettir’s society to frame him as a figure of Otherness; it demonstrates that the text implies that society’s use of these constructs to create outsiders is a fundamentally problematic method for dealing with difficult individuals. Chapter four demonstrates how Harðar saga juxtaposes the extra-legal Hólmverjar with normative Icelandic society in order to highlight fundamental structural problems that affect both communities in their capacity to provide stable environments for their individual members. Chapter five discusses Fóstbrœðra saga’s treatment of sworn-brotherhood as a symbolically extra-legal community; it also shows how Þormóðr uses his status as an outsider to subvert familiar notions of normativity and Otherness, thereby gaining advantages in his dealings with society.
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Chen, Chia-wei. "Two essays on multiple directorships." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002509.

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Björklund, Frida, and Hanna Dahlström. "Why have an Active Board of Directors? : A Quantitative Study of SMEs." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124661.

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In Sweden all limited liability companies are required to have a board of directors. The board of directors’ task is to manage the business of the firm, but in recent years boards have been subjected to critical review in the media, questioning the tasks and structure of the board. Further, there are differences in the regulations regarding limited liability companies, depending on whether they are private or public companies. Moreover, a majority of the research within the area of corporate governance has been conducted on public companies. However, corporate governance in small and medium sized enterprises (SME) has in the last 30 years become a field of interest. Several scholars and doctorates have used different board roles to explain e.g. the tasks, demographics, and financial performance. The board roles are mainly derived from the agency-, resource dependence-, and stewardship theory. Many papers have come to the conclusion that a board of directors who performs their task, and/or have a certain board demography is beneficial to the firm. Hence, the board and its activity is of importance, however, a general image is conveyed that boards in SMEs rarely are active, but rather are seen as a necessary mean in order to have a firm. Due to this, the research question in this thesis is: What motivates small and medium sized firms to have an active board and are boards in Norr- and Västerbotten active? The criteria for having an active board has been derived from antecedent research and are further recommendations from StyrelseAkademien. Three different board roles have been used with the purpose of explaining the motivation behind having an active board. Further, this thesis has had a quantitative method, and in order to gather data a survey was sent out to board members in Norr- and Västerbotten. The results show that the motivation behind having an active board cannot be explained through the roles network and service of the board. The control role could partly explain the motivation behind having an active board of directors in SMEs in Norr- and Västerbotten, having a negative relationship to board activity. Moreover, due to the opposing results in terms of whether or not boards are active, an unambiguous answer could not be found. However, 49.1 percent of the sample is considered to be active. Lastly, the finding support that in order to have an active board, the firm must recognize a need to include outside directors.
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Books on the topic "Outside agents"

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Lawton, W. O. Increasing your travel profits: Employing outside salespeople to increase the profits of small travel agencies. Pub. Connections, 1997.

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Daly, Conor. Outside agency. Kensington Pub., 1997.

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Kraakman, Reinier H. Reinventing the outside director: An agenda for institutional investors. Law and Economics Programme, Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 1991.

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Nursing, Royal College of. Agenda for Change and nurses emplyed outside of the NHS. Royal College of Nursing, 2004.

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Hofmann, Kay H. Co-financing Hollywood film productions with outside investors: An economic analysis of principal agent relationships in the U.S. motion picture industry. Springer Gabler, 2013.

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OSHA's regulatory agenda: Changing long-standing policies outside the public rulemaking process : hearing before the Subcommittee on Workforce Protections, Committee on Education and the Workforce, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, hearing held in Washington, DC, February 4, 2014. U.S. Government Printing Office, 2014.

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Heylighen, Francis, and Shima Beigi. Mind Outside Brain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801764.003.0005.

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We approach the problem of the extended mind from a radically non-dualist perspective. The separation between mind and matter is an artifact of the mechanistic worldview, which leaves no room for mental phenomena such as agency, intentionality, or experience. We propose to replace it by an action ontology, which conceives mind and matter as aspects of the same network of processes. By adopting the intentional stance, we interpret the catalysts of elementary reactions as agents exhibiting desires, intentions, and sensations. Autopoietic networks of reactions constitute more complex super-agents, which exhibit memory, deliberation and sense-making. In the case of social networks, individual agents coordinate their actions via the propagation of challenges. The distributed cognition that emerges cannot be situated in any individual brain. This non-dualist, holistic view extends and operationalizes process metaphysics and Eastern philosophies. It is supported by both mindfulness experiences and mathematical models of action, self-organization, and cognition.
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Guhin, Jeffrey. Agents of God. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190244743.001.0001.

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In Agents of God, sociologist Jeffrey Guhin describes his year and a half spent in two Sunni Muslim and two Evangelical Christian high schools in the New York City area. At first, these four schools could not seem more different, yet they are linked by much: these are all schools with conservative thoughts on gender and sexuality, with a hostility to the theory of evolution, and with a deep suspicion of secularism. And they are all also hopeful that America will be a place where their children can excel, even as they also fear the nation’s many temptations might lead their children astray. Guhin shows how these school communities use boundaries of politics, gender, and sexuality to distinguish themselves from the outside world, both in school and online. Within these boundaries, these communities have developed “external authorities” like Science, Scripture, and Prayer, each of which is felt and experienced as a real power with the ability to make commands and coerce action. For example, people can describe Science itself as showing something or the Bible itself as making a command. By offloading coercion to these external authorities, leaders in these schools are able to maintain a commitment to religious freedom while simultaneously reproducing their moral commitments in their students. Drawing on extensive classroom observation, community participation, and interviews with students, teachers, and staff, this book makes an original contribution to religious studies, sociology, and education.
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Roderick, Munday. 11 The Tortious Liabilities of Principal and Agent. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784685.003.0011.

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This chapter examines the personal liabilities incurred by both principals and agents for the torts they commit. An agent is personally liable for torts committed in the course of the agency that occasion damage to a third party, irrespective of whether the agent was acting within or outside the principal’s authority. The tortious liability of the principal is more varied. A principal is personally liable for torts which the agent has been authorized to commit. In addition, the principal is also vicariously liable for torts committed by the agent in the course of employment. Finally, as in the case of master and servant, when the principal is liable for the tortious acts of the agent, technically principal and agent are joint tortfeasors and enjoy rights of contribution against one another under the Civil Liability (Contribution) Act 1978. The chapter looks at common forms of tortious liability affecting agency.
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Schechter, Elizabeth. Dual Intentional Agency. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809654.003.0003.

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This chapter defends the 2-agents claim, according to which the two hemispheres of a split-brain subject are associated with distinct intentional agents. The empirical basis of this claim is that, while both hemispheres are the source or site of intentions, the capacity to integrate them in practical reasoning no longer operates interhemispherically after split-brain surgery. As a result, the right hemisphere-associated agent, R, and the left hemisphere-associated agent, L, enjoy intentional autonomy from each other. Although the positive case for the 2-agents claim is grounded mainly in experimental findings, the claim is not contradicted by what we know of split-brain subjects’ ordinary behavior, that is, the way they act outside of experimental conditions.
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Book chapters on the topic "Outside agents"

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Boss, Derk J., and Alan W. Zajic. "Outside Agents and Collusion." In Casino and Gaming Resort Investigations. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315118734-21.

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Trinh, Ha, Darren Edge, Lazlo Ring, and Timothy Bickmore. "Thinking Outside the Box: Co-planning Scientific Presentations with Virtual Agents." In Intelligent Virtual Agents. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47665-0_27.

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Prescilla, Randy P. "Clinical Pharmacology of Sedatives, Reversal Agents, and Adjuncts." In Pediatric Sedation Outside of the Operating Room. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58406-1_11.

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Rüegg, Stephan, and Maria Rasenack. "Anticonvulsant Agents: Acute Drug Therapy Outside Status Epilepticus." In NeuroPsychopharmacotherapy. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56015-1_374-1.

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Hofmann, Kay H. "Principal Agent Relationships in Co-Financing Deals." In Co-Financing Hollywood Film Productions with Outside Investors. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-00787-4_4.

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Grace, Delia, Silvia Alonso, Bernard Bett, et al. "Food safety and nutrition." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute. CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0338.

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Abstract This book chapter focuses on a programme on improving human health through livestock research in three areas: (i) animal-source foods for nutrition; (ii) zoonoses (diseases transmitted between animals and people); and (iii) FBD. This was the first CGIAR group with an explicit food safety mandate (rather than focusing on specific hazards) and with expertise in using research methods for food safety rather than diseases in general. ILRI was also one of the first groups to focus on food safety in the 'informal markets' of developing countries, and by the 2010s, had become the lead research institute globally in this emerging area. ILRI research on FBD has resulted in many science outputs, including some genuinely innovative tools and approaches, and has already demonstrated outcomes at community, national and regional levels. These include substantial inputs into global, regional and national strategies and national training programmes. The major development-oriented approach - the triple-path for training, motivating and enabling of informal market agents - has been shown to be both scalable and sustainable. While questions remain about its lasting effects on food safety and its application outside those few countries where its success has been demonstrated, the next few years should bring further evidence about this, with benefits lasting for many decades to come.
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Hofmann, Kay H. "Agency Problems in Financer Deals: Results and Discussion." In Co-Financing Hollywood Film Productions with Outside Investors. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-00787-4_6.

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Hofmann, Kay H. "Agency Problems in Slate Financing Arrangements: Results and Discussion." In Co-Financing Hollywood Film Productions with Outside Investors. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-00787-4_8.

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Vermorken, Jan B. "Where and when to Use Induction Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer." In Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63234-2_11.

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AbstractThe treatment of locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-HNSCC) is reviewed, highlighting the milestones in systemic therapy in that setting, with focus on the role of induction chemotherapy (ICT). The road to what is now considered the standard ICT regimen, i.e. the TPF (docetaxel/cisplatin/5-FU) regimen is described, and the differences between the European and the American TPF are discussed. The article describes the respective roles of ICT for larynx preservation, for treatment intensification, its role in patients with borderline resectable or unresectable oral cavity cancer, its role as a selection tool for radiotherapy dose de-escalation in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC) and its potential future role in strategies aiming at synchronous oligometastatic disease.ICT has an established role for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer and the TPF regimen has been validated in that setting. This approach is presently being compared in a randomized controlled trial to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), which in many parts of the world is considered the standard organ preservation procedure. There remains uncertainty about the benefit of the sequential approach of ICT followed by CCRT, despite the fact that ICT significantly reduces the occurrence of distant metastases. It is advised that future studies should include patients who have the highest risk to develop distant metastases, in particular patients with low neck nodes and matted nodes. Moreover, further studies in patients with HPV-associated OPSCC at risk for distant failure (T4 or N3 disease) should be considered for that also. These approaches still need to be confirmed in adequately sized randomized controlled trials. Outside clinical trials, the utility of ICT is restricted to uniquely pragmatic clinical scenarios, such as unavoidable delay in radiation or in the situation that RT is not tolerated or feasible. This can happen when there is severe pain from advanced disease or there is impending airway compromise or neurologic dysfunction that necessitates rapid initiation of treatment. In all those circumstances whether within the context of trials or outside trials, it is imperative that the present backbone of ICT, the TPF regimen, is being administered by experienced oncologists, familiar with the necessary protocols and supportive care requirements to ensure patient safety and maximize adherence throughout the treatment.Future areas of research are the role of ICT in strategies whereby ICT is combined with upfront metastases-directed treatments and the usefulness of targeted agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the induction setting. Studies in that direction have already started. Finally, the application of radiographic, proteomic and genomic biomarkers will get attention to further define prognostic groups and guide treatment selection with greater precision.
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Willson, Kendra. "Inside and Outside in Gísla saga Súrssonar and Hrafnkels saga Freysgoða." In Arizona Studies in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.asmar-eb.1.101660.

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Conference papers on the topic "Outside agents"

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Ren, Fenghui, Kwang Mong Sim, and Minjie Zhang. "Market-driven agents with uncertain and dynamic outside options." In the 6th international joint conference. ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1329125.1329256.

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Bhargava, Nikhil, Christian Muise, and Brian Williams. "Variable-Delay Controllability." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/648.

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In temporal planning, agents must schedule a set of events satisfying a set of predetermined constraints. These scheduling problems become more difficult when the duration of certain actions are outside the agent's control. Delay controllability is the generalized notion of whether a schedule can be constructed in the face of uncertainty if the agent eventually learns when events occur. Our work introduces the substantially more complex setting of determining variable-delay controllability, where an agent learns about events after some unknown but bounded amount of time has passed. We provide an efficient O(n^3) variable-delay controllability checker and show how to create an execution strategy for variable-delay controllability problems. To our knowledge, these essential capabilities are absent from existing controllability checking algorithms. We conclude by providing empirical evaluations of the quality of variable-delay controllability results as compared to approximations that use fixed delays to model the same problems.
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Orozco, Alejandro, Joshua H. Smith, and José Jaime García. "Predictions of Drug Distribution During Infusions Into the Brain Using an Axisymmetric Finite Element Biphasic Model That Includes Backflow." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14707.

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Convection-enhanced delivery is a technique to infuse therapeutic agents into the brain under positive pressure for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system. Recent clinical trials [1] have shown limited efficacy of this procedure, attributed to poor distribution of the infused agent that may be due to backflow, in which the infused fluid preferentially flows along the outside of the catheter toward the surface of the brain.
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Jamroga, Wojciech, and Michał Knapik. "Some Things are Easier for the Dumb and the Bright Ones (Beware the Average!)." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/240.

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Model checking strategic abilities in multi-agent systems is hard, especially for agents with partial observability of the state of the system. In that case, it ranges from NP-complete to undecidable, depending on the precise syntax and the semantic variant. That, however, is the worst case complexity, and the problem might as well be easier when restricted to particular subclasses of inputs. In this paper, we look at the verification of models with "extreme" epistemic structure, and identify several special cases for which model checking is easier than in general. We also prove that, in the other cases, no gain is possible even if the agents have almost full (or almost nil) observability. To prove the latter kind of results, we develop generic techniques that may be useful also outside of this study.
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García, José Jaime, and Joshua H. Smith. "Revised Scaling Relationship for Backflow Distance Along an Infusion Catheter." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80175.

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Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is a means to deliver therapeutic agents directly into brain tissue for the treatment of brain tumors and other disorders of the central nervous system, such as Parkinson’s disease. Recent clinical trials have shown limited efficacy of this procedure, with poor distribution of the infused agent being the primary obstacle [1]. One of the challenges with improving the distribution is the effect of backflow, in which the infused fluid preferentially flows along the outside of the catheter toward the surface of the brain rather than through the tissue toward the desired region for delivery.
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Chou, Yu-Cheng. "Sensor Agent Cloud: A Cloud-Based Autonomic System for Physical Sensor Nodes Management." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48732.

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An embedded sensor network is a network of sensor nodes deployed in the physical world that interacts with the environment. Each sensor node is a physically small and relatively inexpensive computer that has one or more sensors. These sensor nodes are often networked, allowing them to communicate and cooperate with each other to monitor the environment. Typically, an embedded sensor network is controlled by its own applications that can access the sensor nodes within the network. On the other hand, the sensor nodes cannot be easily accessed by applications outside of the network. Moreover, even within the same network, different applications might encounter a race condition when they are trying to access a sensor node simultaneously. The issue is related to system management. However, not much research has been done with a focus on the management of sensor nodes. In the past few years, Cloud computing has emerged as a new computing paradigm to provide reliable resources, software, and data on demand. As for resources, essentially, Cloud computing services provide users with virtual servers. Users can utilize virtual servers without concerning about their locations and specifications. With such an inspiration, this paper proposes a system, Sensor Agent Cloud, where users can access the sensor nodes without worrying about their locations and detailed specifications. Sensor Agent Cloud virtualizes a physical sensor node as a virtual “sensor agent”. Users can use and control sensor agents with standard functions. Each sensor agent operates on behalf of its user. The mandatory coordination of these sensor agents is related to the system management. Therefore, Sensor Agent Cloud must be an autonomic system that manages itself with minimum human interference. In addition, Sensor Agent Cloud supports international standard technologies regarding programming and agent communication (C and IEEE FIPA standard). Thus, it is expected that the proposed Sensor Agent Cloud can enhance the applicability and usability of embedded sensor networks in many application areas.
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Hohmann, Lukas, Safa Kutup Kurt, Naser Pouya Far, Daniel Vieth, and Norbert Kockmann. "Micro-/Milli-Fluidic Heat-Exchanger Characterization by Non-Invasive Temperature Sensors." In ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2016-8008.

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A micro-structured tubular reactor and a milli-structured tubular cooling crystallizer were equipped with thermocouples to observe the axial temperature profiles along the tubes. In order to avoid interactions of the temperature sensors with the fluid inside the channel, the sensors were fixed on the outside of the tube wall. By attaching polymeric foam insulation on the temperature sensors, the influences of surrounding heating/cooling agents on the measurement were dampened. The remaining error on the measurement was characterized experimentally. Simplified 1D simulation models were subsequently used to estimate the overall heat transfer coefficients in the devices. The influences on the remaining error in the temperature measurement on the estimated heat transfer coefficient was discussed.
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Boychenko, Kristina. "Re-defining the Role of Interactive Architecture in Social Relationships." In International Conference on the 4th Game Set and Match (GSM4Q-2019). Qatar University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/gsm4q.2019.0016.

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With rapid advance of new technologies and mediated built space has shifted from a static context of functions serving users to a new participant of social relationships. Interactive abilities and computational power allow built space to become smart, dynamic, and interactive, gaining agency, able to receive information and think, perceive and learn, respond and change behavior in real time. This paper considers architectural components and users as participants of a social network and investigates their agency within this network, modes of interaction and how the components of this system influence each other. Perception of space within or outside of the building body has become a derivative of interaction between the space and the users, and therefore subject to design and programming by architects. The principal goal of this paper is to investigate the new definition of social role of interactive architecture and explain how it communicates with users, investigate the new properties it has and how does it influence users' behavior and space awareness. It reveals the importance of bi-directional communication between society and interactive environment. Interactive space works as a mirror, reflecting social and cultural context, or a double-sided mirror allowing interactive environment to observe users and decide how to act in accordance with these observations. Within the framework of this discourse, architectural components and people are treated as agents of one socio-technical network with equal rights and agency. It considers both human and non-human elements equally as actors within a network, employing the same analytical and descriptive methodology to all actors within a heterogeneous network.
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Tartaglia Polcini, Roberto. "MEDITERRANEAN AGENCY FOR REMOTE SENSING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL: SATELLITE MONITORING AND MAPPING." In Global Sustainability Inside and Outside the Territory. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814651325_0005.

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Ozcan, Arif. "New approaches in smart packaging technologies." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p1.

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Customer expectations have changed due to the developing technology and changing and improving product variety. This has led the printing industry, the packaging sector in particular, to grow considerably. The food industry along with the increasing need to preserve food long periods of time have led to the need to develop methods that preserve the freshness and safety of food products during their shelf-life. For this reason, attention was paid to packaging systems to facilitate food processing, preserve food quality, extend shelf-life, and prevent the food from spoiling. Thanks to these systems, packaging went beyond being a simple barrier outside the food, and has also taken upon roles of releasing protective agents or removing unwanted matter. Microbial growth is one of the most important factors that cause food to spoil. Although the problem has previously been tried to be solved by heating, drying, fermentation, freezing and adding antimicrobial agents, there are limitations, especially when used with fresh food. Today, a new generation of technologies have been introduced to monitor the condition of products with a tiny sensor or label placed onto the packaging. Smart packaging is a packaging material that not only improves the basic functions of a product, but also responds to stimuli around this product. Smart packaging in general, has two main categories, namely intelligent packaging and active packaging. This study will examine the concept of smart packaging that has emerged due to increased competitiveness, digital interaction and consumer awareness, changes in consumer behaviour and expectations, and improved interest in product safety. As a result, it is obvious that state-of-the-art smart packaging, which can connect to the Internet and has many channels of interaction, will bring about new business models and create new customer experiences and will replace conventional packaging, which has no interactions, in the near future.
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Reports on the topic "Outside agents"

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Geiger, J., L. Lisell, and G. Mosey. Feasibility Study of Economics and Performance of Solar Photovoltaics at the Ft. Hood Military Base Outside Killeen, Texas. A Study Prepared in Partnership with the Environmental Protection Agency for the RE-Powering America's Land Initiative: Siting Renewable Energy on Potentially Contaminated Land and Mine Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1107464.

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Qi, Yan, Ryan Fries, Shambhu Saran Baral, and Pranesh Biswas. Evaluating the Costs and Benefits of Snow Fences in Illinois: Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-020.

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Serving as a windbreak, properly sited and designed snow fences have been proven effective in mitigating the negative impacts of blowing snow. To achieve the best snow-control effects, the ideal locations for snow fences are usually outside the roadway right-of-way. Few efforts have been made to examine the economic efficiency of snow fences and explore ways to reward private landowners. The objective of this project was to develop methodologies for evaluation of the costs and benefits of snow fences in Illinois and identify ways to encourage private landowners’ participation in the snow fence program while keeping it cost-effective. The researchers conducted a literature review as well as agency and landowner surveys. They also acquired crash data, snow fence and blowing snow segment inventory data, and blowing snow removal expenditure data as well as performed benefit-cost analyses of three types of snow fences following Federal Highway Administration guides. The survey results suggested that standing corn rows (SCRs) and structural snow fences (SSFs) were the least intrusive options for landowners and living snow fences (LSFs) with trees were the most intrusive. Some concerns related to LSFs could be reduced by allowing landowners to play a role in the design and plant-selection process. The crash data indicated that no fatal and severe crashes occurred at snow fence segments, while several fatal and severe crashes occurred at blowing snow segments during 2012–2016. The results of the benefit-cost analyses showed that the benefit-cost ratios for LSFs and SSFs are comparable. However, LSFs are favorable over SSFs because little maintenance is needed after the plants are mature. Although SCRs have the highest benefit-cost ratio, the need to renew the agency-landowner agreement annually and the alternating of crops planted may limit their snow-control effectiveness and large-scale implementation. A tool was developed using MS Excel to facilitate the benefit-cost analysis of snow fences.
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Male prisoners develop unhealthy hearts at younger ages than people on the outside. National Institute for Health Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/alert_40953.

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