Relevant bibliographies by topics / Outside system

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Outside system'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Outside system"

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Jackson, Melanie. "Birthing outside the system." Women and Birth 24 (October 2011): S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2011.07.047.

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Gray, Noah. "Learning outside the song system." Nature Neuroscience 11, no. 5 (2008): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn0508-533.

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Baev, Pavel. "Russia Outside the Security System." Russian Politics & Law 53, no. 4 (2015): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611940.2015.1142336.

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SCHNEIDER, JEAN. "New worlds outside the Solar System." European Review 10, no. 2 (2002): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798702000145.

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The discoveries of the first planets around a pulsar and around a star similar to our Sun have opened, after centuries of speculation, a new era in astronomy. The quest for other worlds has become reality. In this paper, the motivations for this search are presented. A comparative review is made of different techniques for their detection, with special attention paid to the planet parameters that can be derived from each method. The first discoveries and their astrophysical consequences are analysed. New questions and future projects beyond these first discoveries are reviewed, with special attention given to the search for life in extrasolar planetary systems. Finally, worldwide activities and the role of Europe are described.
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NERGÅRD, TRUDE BRITA. "SOLVING CONFLICTS OUTSIDE THE COURT SYSTEM." British Journal of Criminology 33, no. 1 (1993): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a048292.

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Kazarian, Ralph. "A Planet Outside the Solar System?" Environmental Conservation 12, no. 1 (1985): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900015216.

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Burnhill, Peter. "Outside the whale." Information Design Journal 8, no. 3 (1996): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.8.3.02bur.

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In the 1960s, design education in the United Kingdom was in a state of flux. It was changing from a more or less egalitarian system, first established in the 1830s, to one which sought to separate the sheep from the goats on academic lines at a time when a more comprehensive system was being developed in schools of general education. This account tells of a design course in the 'vocational' sector of the new system which made typography its central design discipline.
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Keaveney, Paula. "Insider outside." Journal of Language and Politics 19, no. 3 (2020): 498–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.19002.kea.

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Abstract The All Party Parliamentary Group on Refugees occupies a position outside the official legislative system of the United Kingdom, but inside a lobbying network. This gives it a unique place in terms of communicating on behalf of refugees and refugee causes. The Group’s Twitter feed shows that its language is different to that of campaigning organisations outside Parliament and is constrained by procedure, parliamentary practice and the political reality of a party-based environment. Aimed at Parliamentarians, the feed is used to support and promote causes and specific policy proposals. It plays a role in reporting what is going on in Parliament and supports and builds alliances with other organisations inside and outside the system. The feed’s content follows the primary information-providing objective. It could however make that information of more use to recipients, by changing the way in which some of that information is presented.
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Gappa, Judith M. "Today's Majority: Faculty Outside the Tenure System." Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 40, no. 4 (2008): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/chng.40.4.50-54.

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Bogatyrev, S. Yu. "Property tax system outside the Russian Federation." International Accounting 22, no. 9 (2019): 1037–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ia.22.9.1037.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Outside system"

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Marval-Peck, Luisa. "Exploring Women's Experiences Obtaining Medication Abortion Outside of the Formal Healthcare System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42372.

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Despite legal and technological advances, women still face barriers to abortion care in legally restricted or low-resource settings. The advent of medication abortion using misoprostol with or without mifepristone, has enabled women to self-manage their abortions outside of the formal healthcare system. Self-managed abortions are often assisted by telemedicine services, which provide women with evidence-based guidance on managing the abortion process on their own. This thesis explores two separate abortion telemedicine services operating in legally restricted and/or low resource settings – a global online telemedicine service and an abortion support hotline in Venezuela – and evaluates the outcomes associated with each. By interviewing counsellors at a Venezuelan abortion support hotline and the women who used the service, we gained a stronger understanding of the hotline’s successes, barriers, and areas for improvement. We conclude that abortion telemedicine services provide effective and acceptable care, in general, and we recommend greater access to misoprostol in Venezuela.
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Wille, Joachim Olsen. "Performance of a Multichannel Audio Correction System Outside the Sweetspot. : Further Investigations of the Trinnov Optimizer." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8911.

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<p>This report is a continuation of the student project "Evaluation of TrinnovOptimizer audio reproduction system". It will further investigate theproperties and function of the Trinnov Optimizer, a correction system foraudio reproduction systems. During the student project measurements wereperformed in an anechoic lab to provide information on the functionality andabilities of the Trinnov Optimizer. Massive amounts of data were recorded,and that has also been the foundation of this report. The new work that hasbeen done is by interpreting these results through the use of Matlab. The Optimizer by Trinnov [9 ] is a standalone system for reproductionof audio over a single or multiple loudspeaker setup. It is designed tocorrect frequency and phase response in addition to correcting loudspeakerplacements and cancel simple early re?ections in a multiple loudspeakersetup. The purpose of further investigating this issue was to understandmore about the sound?eld produced around the listening position, and togive more detailed results on the changes in the sound?eld after correction.Importance of correcting the system not only in the listening position, butalso in the surrounding area, is obvious because there is often more than onelistener. This report gives further insight in physical measurements ratherthan subjective statements, on the performance of a room and loudspeakercorrection device. WinMLS has been used to measure the system with single, and multiplemicrophone setups. Some results from the earlier student project are alsoin this report to verify measurement methods, and to show correspondancebetween the di?erent measuring systems. Therefore some of the data havebeen compared to the Trinnov Optimizer's own measurements and appear similar in this report. Some errors found in the initial report, the results from the phase response measurements, have also been corrected. Multiple loudspeakers in a 5.0 setup have been measured with 5 microphones on a rotating boom to measure the soundpressure over an area around the listening position. This allowed the e?ect of simple re?ections cancellation, and the ability to generate virtual sources to be investigated. For the speci?c cases that were investigated in this report, the Optimizer showed the following: ? Frequency and phase response will in every situation be optimized to the extent of the Optimizers algorithms. ? Every case shows improvement in the frequency and phase response over the whole measured area. ? Direct frontal re?ections was deconvolved up to 300Hz over the whole measured area with a radius of 56cm. ? A re?ection from the side was deconvolved roughly up to 200Hz for microphones 1 through 3, up to a radius of 31.25cm, and up to 100Hz for microphones 4 and 5. ? The ability to create virtual sources corresponds fairly to the theoretical expectations. The video sequences that were developed give an interesting new angle on the problems that were investigated. Other than looking at plots of di?erent angles which is di?cult and time consuming, the videos showed an intuitive perspective that enlightened the same issues as the common presented data of frequency and phase response measurements.</p>
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Roberts, Ramona. "Voices outside law, Canada's justice system in the lives of survivors and victims of sexual violence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0018/MQ54956.pdf.

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Goldsmith, Rachel Edrea Stern. "Making meaning outside of the system a narrative exploration of recovery within a peer-run setting /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1272243278.

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Goldsmith, Rachel E. "Making Meaning Outside of the System: A Narrative Exploration of Recovery Within a Peer-run Setting." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272243278.

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Melissa, Cook. "Learn the language : understanding the needs of young people outside the school system with mental health issues /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17393.pdf.

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Kanazawa, Yuji. "Phonological memory in sign language relies on the visuomotor neural system outside the left hemisphere language network." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232085.

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Krieg, Elizabeth Anne. "Stories from outside the textbook : "Counter Points" to colonial narratives in the British Columbia public education system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32885.

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This thesis is an exploratory study into three participants' perspectives regarding Aboriginal representation, or the lack of it, in Chapter 15, "Urbanization" of the Social Studies 11 textbook Counter Points: Exploring Canadian Issues. The participants were Libby, a recently graduated high school student from the Musqueam Band, Arleen, a Euro-Canadian Social Studies 11 teacher, and Clayton, an acquaintance of mine of Tlingit and European descent. The participants shared how they felt their cultures were being privileged or marginalized by Eurocentric content in Chapter 15 and the public education system in general. Collaborative expert interviews, storytelling, and reflexivity ensured that the participants' perspectives and knowledges were at the forefront of the research. At the heart of my thesis were the participants' stories, created with their input and feedback, and consisting of a mixture of their interviews, personal reflections, and testimonial excerpts taken from the 1912-1916 McKenna McBride Commission. The testimonies helped to demonstrate how colonial ideologies of the past continue to persevere into the present. My personal family history was also braided into the historical analysis as a part of the reflexive component to the thesis. The stories from Aboriginal learners Libby and Clayton challenge the banality of colonialism within Chapter 15 and how it could be read as an extension of the settler society's assertion to land title. Arleen and I found that our perceptions regarding Chapter 15 changed upon our reflections of Libby and Clayton's stories, causing us to question how public education disassociates the colonial actions of the past with the present. Further critical reflection had us consider what our roles are to help stop colonial ideologies from being further perpetuated. The research indicated that Eurocentric knowledge continues to be disseminated in education and how storytelling may be a tool to challenge this information and build relationships between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal learners. Future study needs to be conducted to determine whether these methods could create safe spaces in classrooms to engage teachers and students with the types of issues that were discussed in the thesis.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of<br>Graduate
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Wang, Hui-Yun. "Chemokine receptors associated with immunity within and outside the central nervous system in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145288.

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Reiman, A. (Arto). "Holistic work system design and management:— a participatory development approach to delivery truck drivers’ work outside the cab." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526202198.

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Abstract The road freight transport industry as a labour-intensive sector is dependent on the work ability and well-being at work of employees. The majority of the occupational accidents are related to work phases outside the cab. These work phases, which are performed in various different work environments, contain several kinds of ergonomic discomforts. This poses complex challenges for the employers from a safety and productivity point of view. The framework of this thesis is based on the foundations of ergonomics and design science. The main objective was to provide knowledge that can be implemented into the design and management of work systems for local and short haul delivery operations. Material was obtained from two sources. A meta-synthesis was performed to frame holistic management in a human perspective. Furthermore, additional in-depth design knowledge was obtained through participatory ergonomics video analyses on drivers’ work outside the cab. Video analyses resulted in 262 identifications of demanding work situations where ergonomic discomforts and risks of accidents occurred. Sudden over-exertions and strains, falls and slips as well as losing control of work equipment were the most common deviations related to drivers’ work outside the cab and mainly related to physical activities of movement and carrying by hand. The majority of the work situations identified were performed in cargo spaces or elsewhere within the truck structure or at premises and yards that are administered by the customers or other stakeholders. In these environments, drivers tend to perform their work manually or using different types of work equipment. This thesis provides new in-depth knowledge on drivers’ work outside the cab. The results show that different stakeholders can contribute to drivers’ work systems. The knowledge provided by drivers and other stakeholders can be applied to holistic design and management processes at company level. Moreover, the knowledge can also be applied to broader value chain design and management processes<br>Tiivistelmä Tieliikenteen tavarankuljetus työvoimavaltaisena toimialana on riippuvainen henkilöstön työkyvystä ja -hyvinvoinnista. Suurin osa tapaturmista liittyy työtehtäviin ohjaamon ulkopuolella. Näitä töitä tehdään hyvin vaihtelevissa työympäristöissä ja niihin työtehtäviin liittyy monenlaisia ergonomisia haittakuormitustekijöitä. Tämä asettaa haasteita niin työsuojelun kuin tuottavuuden näkökulmasta. Väitöskirjan viitekehys pohjautuu ergonomiaan sekä suunnittelutieteeseen. Tavoitteena on tuottaa tietoa, jota voidaan hyödyntää työjärjestelmien suunnittelussa ja johtamisessa erityisesti maaliikenteen jakelukuljetuksissa. Materiaali koostui kahdesta osiosta. Metasynteesillä muodostettiin näkemys kokonaisvaltaisesta johtamisesta ihmisnäkökulmasta. Lisäksi kuljettajat ja sidosryhmien edustajat analysoivat osallistuvan ergonomian keinoin videoaineistoa jakelukuljettajien työstä ohjaamon ulkopuolella. Videoanalyyseissa tunnistettiin yhteensä 262 työtilannetta, jossa esiintyy erilaisia ergonomisia haittakuormitustekijöitä sekä mahdollisia tapaturmariskejä. Äkilliset fyysiset kuormitukset, putoamiset, liukastumiset ja kaatumiset sekä työvälineiden hallinnan menettäminen olivat yleisimpiä tunnistettuja poikkeamia kuljettajan työssä. Pääasiassa nämä liittyivät kuljettajan liikkumiseen sekä erilaisten taakkojen kantamiseen. Valtaosassa (85&#160;%) havainnoista kuljettaja työskenteli ajoneuvon kuormatilassa tai päällirakenteissa tai asiakkaiden tai muiden sidosryhmien hallinnoimissa työympäristöissä. Näissä työympäristöissä kuljettaja työskenteli sekä manuaalisesti käsin että hyödyntäen erilaisia apuvälineitä. Väitöskirja tarjoaa uudenlaista syvällistä tietoa kuljettajan työstä ohjaamon ulkopuolella. Eri sidosryhmät voivat osaltaan vaikuttaa kuljettajan työjärjestelmiin. Kuljettajien ja sidosryhmien tuottamaa tietoa voidaan soveltaa työjärjestelmien kokonaisvaltaisessa suunnittelussa ja johtamisessa niin yritystasolla kuin myös suunniteltaessa ja johdettaessa laajempia arvoketjuja
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Books on the topic "Outside system"

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Mariotti, J. M., and D. Alloin, eds. Planets Outside the Solar System: Theory and Observations. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4623-4.

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How to live off-grid: Journey outside the system. Doubleday, 2007.

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The quest for alien planets: Exploring worlds outside the solar system. Plenum Trade, 1997.

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FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION. Guidelines for the operational use of Loran-C navigation systems outside the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS). U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 1993.

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Williston, George C. Desperation on the western (PA) frontier, 1781-1782: Action within and outside the system. Closson Press, 2007.

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Critical environments: Postmodern theory and the pragmatics of the outside. University of Minnesota Press, 1998.

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Du li dong shi zhi du, zhi li xing wei yu ji li ji zhi yan jiu: The research on the independent director system, corporate governance behaviors and incentive mechanism. Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2010.

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Company, Ford Motor. Ford worldwide quality system standard Q-101: For manufacturing operations and outside suppliers of production andservice products. Ford, 1990.

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Giavazzi, Francesco. Can the European monetary system be copied outside Europe?: Lessons from ten years of monetary policy coordination in Europe. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1988.

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Managing complex systems: Thinking outside the box. John Wiley, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Outside system"

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Olivier, Reinhard. "The Mental System — A Mathematical/Physical Approach." In Inside Versus Outside. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48647-0_22.

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Jackson, Melanie. "Giving birth outside the system in Australia." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-4.

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Hollander, Martine. "Birthing ‘outside the system’ in the Netherlands." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-6.

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Hussein, Suha, and Virginia Schmied. "Seeking control over birth in the Middle East." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-10.

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Mayra, Kaveri, and Bashi Kumar-Hazard. "Why South Asian women make extreme choices in childbirth." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-11.

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Drandić, Daniela, Nicholas Rubashkin, Tamara Sadovaya, and Svetlana Illarionova. "Birth choices in Eastern Europe and Russia." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-12.

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Dahlen, Hannah, and Jo Hunter. "The modern-day witch hunt." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-13.

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Simpson, Maddy, and Agy Cater. "Birth trauma." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-14.

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Diaz-Tello, Farah, and Bashi Kumar-Hazard. "What are women’s legal rights when it comes to choice in pregnancy and childbirth?" In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-16.

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Kumar-Hazard, Bashi. "The role of the coroner in Australia." In Birthing Outside the System. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429489853-17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Outside system"

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D'Angelo, Gianni, Gianfranco De Luca, and Salvatore Rampone. "A FOOD SAFETY AND TRACEABILITY SYSTEM BASED ON RFID TECHNOLOGIES AND SERVICES." In Global Sustainability Inside and Outside the Territory. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814651325_0008.

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Onoue, Koichi, Yoshihiro Oyama, and Akinori Yonezawa. "Control of system calls from outside of virtual machines." In the 2008 ACM symposium. ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1363686.1364196.

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Glaume, J. M., E. Petit, D. Jouvaud, and P. Barthelemy. "Image processing system to detect temporal changes in outside environments." In 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2004.1571822.

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Li, Cheng, Huanran Fan, and Ruichang Zhao. "The Outside Transport Phenomena of the Passive Containment Cooling System." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17179.

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Based on the outside cooling of the Passive Containment Cooling System (PCCS), a simplified containment mathematical model was built and was numerically solved. Air circulation driven by natural forces for a steady condition along with the coupled thermal-hydraulic phenomena was then obtained and analyzed. Variations of humid air temperature and velocity, water film sub-cooling and heat fluxes along the flow direction were discussed and driving forces were compared to obtain the ranked important phenomena of the PCCS outside cooling. The conclusions are significant to reasonably understand the PCCS outside transport phenomena.
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Gavin, Andrew S., and Masaki Yamamoto. "Fast, cheap, and easy system for outside vision on Mars." In Optical Tools for Manufacturing and Advanced Automation, edited by David P. Casasent. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.150140.

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Malone, Robert M., Jeremy J. Bundgaard, Jesus J. Castaneda, Morris I. Kaufman, and Kevin D. McGillivray. "Adapting a prototype zoom lens to work outside its zoom range." In Optical System Alignment, Tolerancing, and Verification XIII, edited by José Sasián and Richard N. Youngworth. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2570296.

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Eiliat, Hoda, Xueyuan Nie, Jimi Tjong, and Julio Villafuerte. "Outside-Engine Wear Study of Ceramic Coated Cylinder Wall Tribo-System." In SAE 2014 World Congress & Exhibition. SAE International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-0958.

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Ohtsu, Kazuki, Shotaro Kamiya, Koji Yamamoto, Takayuki Nishio, Masahiro Morikura, and Noriyasu Kato. "A Sequential WLAN Channel Selection Adaptive to Factors Outside the System." In 2020 IEEE 17th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccnc46108.2020.9045313.

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Fan, Yanhui, Lingyun Xiao, Wenhao Hu, Haiyun Sun, and Rui Cheng. "Research on Automotive Outside Airbag System Based on Pyroelectric Infrared Detector." In 2018 International Conference on Mathematics, Modelling, Simulation and Algorithms (MMSA 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmsa-18.2018.22.

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Dhamshala, Prakash R. "Heat Pump Applications in Dedicated Outside Air Systems (DOAS)." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42629.

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This paper deals with application of a heat pump as a part of the dedicated outside air system (DOAS) unit. DOAS systems are known to provide the energy cost savings by dehumidifying the fresh ventilating air in conjunction with the energy and heat recovery systems and also in parallel with the sensible cooling system. The energy cost savings associated with these systems results from operating the sensible cooling systems at higher evaporating temperatures which results in a higher coefficient of performance for the sensible chiller, lower pumping costs and lower capital costs. It is found that the operation of DOAS unit with the radiant panel cooling systems raises the energy cost savings even more significantly. Using hourly weather data, the energy cost saving analysis is performed for several geographical locations and estimated cost savings exceed well above 30 percent of the corresponding commercial building operational costs using the traditional VAV systems for most of the locations in USA.
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Reports on the topic "Outside system"

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Giavazzi, Francesco, and Alberto Giovannini. Can The European Monetary System Be Copied Outside Europe? Lessons From Ten Years of Monetary Policy Coordination In Europe. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2786.

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Negron, S. B., R. W. Jr Tayloe, and M. C. Dobelbower. Analysis of criticality alarm system response to an accidental criticality outside the cascade process buildings at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10190511.

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Barley, C. D., R. Anderson, B. Hendron, and E. Hancock. Test Protocol for Room-to-Room Distribution of Outside Air by Residential Ventilation Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/921554.

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Bell, Jack, Rik Law, Howell Li, Ben Anderson, and Darcy M. Bullock. New Opportunities for Automated Pedestrian Performance Measures. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317351.

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Pedestrian safety is an important concern when evaluating intersections. Previous literature has shown that exclusive pedestrian phases improve safety, but at the expense of imposing greater pedestrian and motorist delay. However, outside of crash data, there are no easily implementable performance measures for pedestrians at traffic signals. This study proposes two performance metrics: (1) a time-to-jaywalk measure, and (2) the Conflict Occupancy Ratio (COR) for evaluating concurrent pedestrian signal phasing with turning vehicles. The COR quantifies conflicts between turning vehicles and pedestrians in the crosswalk. The COR is based upon a commercially deployed video detection system that correctly identified the presence of pedestrians to within two per cycle in this study. This performance is likely sufficient for the current application, but as the technology matures it will provide a scalable screening tool to identify intersections that have opportunities for capacity adjustments or warrant further direct field investigation.
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5

Lewis, Sherman, Emilio Grande, and Ralph Robinson. The Mismeasurement of Mobility for Walkable Neighborhoods. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.2060.

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The major US household travel surveys do not ask the right questions to understand mobility in Walkable Neighborhoods. Yet few subjects can be more important for sustainability and real economic growth based on all things of value, including sustainability, affordability, and quality of life. Walkable Neighborhoods are a system of land use, transportation, and transportation pricing. They are areas with attractive walking distances of residential and local business land uses of sufficient density to support enough business and transit, with mobility comparable to suburbia and without owning an auto. Mobility is defined as the travel time typically spent to reach destinations outside the home, not trips among other destinations that are not related to the home base. A home round trip returns home the same day, a way of defining routine trips based on the home location. Trip times and purposes, taken together, constitute travel time budgets and add up to total travel time in the course of a day. Furthermore, for Walkable Neighborhoods, the analysis focuses on the trips most important for daily mobility. Mismeasurement consists of including trips that are not real trips to destinations outside the home, totaling 48 percent of trips. It includes purposes that are not short trips functional for walk times and mixing of different trips into single purposes, resulting in even less useful data. The surveys do not separate home round trips from other major trip types such as work round trips and overnight trips. The major household surveys collect vast amounts of information without insight into the data needed for neighborhood sustainability. The methodology of statistics gets in the way of using statistics for the deeper insights we need. Household travel surveys need to be reframed to provide the information needed to understand and improve Walkable Neighborhoods. This research makes progress on the issue, but mismeasurement prevents a better understanding of the issue.
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Bolton, Laura. Transition to Federal Health and Education Governance. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.096.

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This report looks at transition from central to federal responsibilities for health and education in Nepal and Indonesia. Federalism is a complex process and it was outside of the scope of this review to investigate the extent to which it has been developed in these countries and the nature of its functioning. Challenges identified in the literature on transition to federalism and decentralisation include ensuring equitable distribution of finances and resources across states, slow transfer of power and lack of coordination between government levels, lack of capacity at local levels and incoherence in capacity building, ensuring continuity of medical supplies and continuity of health services during transition, and training local level health personnel in procurement. This report also notes some recommendation from experience on transition to decentralisation, including the need to put a clear legislative framework, to make a slowly phased transition is needed to allow for changes and adjustments, to consider conditional grants to ensure that health is not de-prioritised in a federal system.
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Bendixen, Shannon, Michael Campbell, Corey Criswell, and Roland Smith. Change-Capable Leadership The Real Power Propelling Successful Change. Center for Creative Leadership, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.35613/ccl.2017.2049.

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If you could ask 275 senior executive leaders about how to lead change, what would they have to say? What if they talked about the most important factors for success, what you should do more of, do less of, or avoid all together? What if their experiences could help you lead change in your organization and provide an early warning system to avoid failure? Do we have your attention? If you are a leader facing complex business challenges in your organization that require changes in the way people have always done things, we offer the following insights from the senior executives we asked about their experiences in leading change: 1. Change yourself. Leading change successfully means spending time outside of your comfort zone. As the individual leading an initiative you must change your mindset, actions, and behaviors. 2. Don’t go it alone. Leading change is a team activity. People come together driven by a compelling, and frequently communicated, message about why we are changing. 3. Know the signs . Recognize the early warning signs that indicate an initiative is starting to derail.
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Rahai, Hamid, and Jeremy Bonifacio. Numerical Investigations of Virus Transport Aboard a Commuter Bus. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2048.

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The authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of virus/particle transport released from a hypothetical passenger aboard a commuter bus. The bus model was sized according to a typical city bus used to transport passengers within the city of Long Beach in California. The simulations were performed for the bus in transit and when the bus was at a bus stop opening the middle doors for 30 seconds for passenger boarding and drop off. The infected passenger was sitting in an aisle seat in the middle of the bus, releasing 1267 particles (viruses)/min. The bus ventilation system released air from two linear slots in the ceiling at 2097 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and the air was exhausted at the back of the bus. Results indicated high exposure for passengers sitting behind the infectious during the bus transit. With air exchange outside during the bus stop, particles were spread to seats in front of the infectious passenger, thus increasing the risk of infection for the passengers sitting in front of the infectious person. With higher exposure time, the risk of infection is increased. One of the most important factors in assessing infection risk of respiratory diseases is the spatial distribution of the airborne pathogens. The deposition of the particles/viruses within the human respiratory system depends on the size, shape, and weight of the virus, the morphology of the respiratory tract, as well as the subject’s breathing pattern. For the current investigation, the viruses are modeled as solid particles of fixed size. While the results provide details of particles transport within a bus along with the probable risk of infection for a short duration, however, these results should be taken as preliminary as there are other significant factors such as the virus’s survival rate, the size distribution of the virus, and the space ventilation rate and mixing that contribute to the risk of infection and have not been taken into account in this investigation.
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Näslund-Hadley, Emma, Michelle Koussa, and Juan Manuel Hernández. Skills for Life: Stress and Brain Development in Early Childhood. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003205.

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Learning to cope with disappointments and overcoming obstacles is part of growing up. By conquering some challenges, children develop resilience. Such normal stressors may include initiating a new activity or separation from parents during preschool hours. However, when the challenges in early childhood are intensified by important stressors happening outside their own lives, they may start to worry about the safety of themselves and their families. This may cause chronic stress, which interferes with their emotional, cognitive, and social development. In developing country contexts, it is especially hard to capture promptly the effects of stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic on childrens cognitive and socioemotional development. In this note, we draw on the literature on the effect of stress on brain development and examine data from a recent survey of households with young children carried out in four Latin American countries to offer suggestions for policy responses. We suggest that early childhood and education systems play a decisive role in assessing and addressing childrens mental health needs. In the absence of forceful policy responses on multiple fronts, the mental health outcomes may become lasting.
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Altier, Mary Beth. Violent Extremist Disengagement and Reintegration: Lessons from Over 30 Years of DDR. RESOLVE Network, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/vedr2021.1.

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Recent questions surrounding the repatriation, rehabilitation, and reintegration of those who traveled to join the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), the reintegration of violent extremists in conflict zones including Somalia, Nigeria, Libya, and Mali, and the impending release of scores of homegrown violent extremists from prisons in the United States and Europe have heightened policymaker and practitioner interest in violent extremist disengagement and reintegration (VEDR). Although a number of programs to reintegrate violent extremists have emerged both within and outside of conflict zones, significant questions remain regarding their design, implementation, and effectiveness. To advance our understanding of VEDR, this report draws insights from a review of the literature on ex-combatant disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR). The literature on DDR typically adopts a “whole of society” approach, which helps us to understand how systemic factors may influence VEDR at the individual level and outcomes at the societal level. Despite the important differences that will be reviewed, the international community’s thirty-year experience with DDR—which includes working with violent extremists—offers important insights for our understanding of VEDR.
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