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Journal articles on the topic 'Overtopping flow velocity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Suzuki, Tomohiro, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Yasuda, and Toon Verwaest. "Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10 (2020): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100752.

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Due to ongoing climate change, overtopping risk is increasing. In order to have effective countermeasures, it is useful to understand overtopping processes in details. In this study overtopping flow on a dike with gentle and shallow foreshores are investigated using a non-hydrostatic wave-flow model, SWASH (an acronym of Simulating WAves till SHore). The SWASH model in 2DV (i.e., flume like configuration) is first validated using the data of long crested wave cases with second order wave generation in the physical model test conducted. After that it is used to produce overtopping flow in diffe
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2

Suzuki, Tomohiro, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Yasuda, and Toon Verwaest. "Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10 (2020): 752. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100752.

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Due to ongoing climate change, overtopping risk is increasing. In order to have effective countermeasures, it is useful to understand overtopping processes in details. In this study overtopping flow on a dike with gentle and shallow foreshores are investigated using a non-hydrostatic wave-flow model, SWASH (an acronym of Simulating WAves till SHore). The SWASH model in 2DV (i.e., flume like configuration) is first validated using the data of long crested wave cases with second order wave generation in the physical model test conducted. After that it is used to produce overtopping flow in diffe
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3

Mares-Nasarre, Patricia, Gloria Argente, M. Esther Gómez-Martín, and Josep R. Medina. "Overtopping layer thickness and overtopping flow velocity on mound breakwaters." Coastal Engineering 154 (December 2019): 103561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2019.103561.

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4

Van der Meer, Jentsje Wouter, Bianca Hardeman, Gosse Jan Steendam, Holger Schuttrumpf, and Henk Verheij. "FLOW DEPTHS AND VELOCITIES AT CREST AND LANDWARD SLOPE OF A DIKE, IN THEORY AND WITH THE WAVE OVERTOPPING SIMULATOR." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (2011): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.10.

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Wave overtopping discharges at coastal structures are well described in the EurOtop Manual (2007), including the distribution of overtopping wave volumes. Each volume that overtops a dike or levee will have a certain flow velocity and depth record in time, often given by the maximum velocity and flow depth. This paper describes some further development of the theory on flow depth and velocities on the crest, but will also show an inconsistency with respect to the mass balance. The second part of the paper gives an analysis of measured values on real dikes, simulated by the Wave Overtopping Sim
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Lee, Woo-Dong, Taegeon Hwang, and Taeyoon Kim. "Inundation Characteristics of Solitary Waves According to Revetment Type." Water 14, no. 23 (2022): 3814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14233814.

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Wave absorbers installed in front of revetments are effective in reducing wave overtopping and inundation caused by periodic waves. The wave absorbers’ mechanism of reducing wave overtopping and inundation caused by long-period waves such as tsunamis and storm surges is not clearly understood. This study conducted a physical modeling test and numerical analysis based on a large eddy simulation model using in-house code to examine the characteristics of wave overtopping and inundation according to the revetment type for solitary waves. In a vertical revetment (VR), the dominant vertical velocit
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6

van Bergeijk, Vera M., Jord J. Warmink, and Suzanne J. M. H. Hulscher. "Modelling the Wave Overtopping Flow over the Crest and the Landward Slope of Grass-Covered Flood Defences." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 7 (2020): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8070489.

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The wave overtopping flow can exert high hydraulic loads on the grass cover of dikes leading to failure of the cover layer on the crest and the landward slope. Hydraulic variables such as the near bed velocity, pressure, shear stress and normal stress are important to describe the forces that may lead to cover erosion. This paper presents a numerical model in the open source software OpenFOAM® to simulate the overtopping flow on the grass-covered crest and slope of individual overtopping waves for a range of landward slope angles. The model provides insights on how the hydraulic forces change
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7

Mom, Roy, Gosse Jan Steendam, Rens van der Meijden, Jord Warmink, André van Hoven, and Jentsje van der Meer. "GRASS SOD PULLING TESTS TO DETERMINE THE EROSION RESISTANCE AGAINST WAVE OVERTOPPING OF VARIOUS TYPES OF GRASS COVERS: AN ADJUSTED ANALYSIS METHOD." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 44. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.papers.44.

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The erosion resistance of a grass cover against wave overtopping is characterized by the critical flow velocity. This velocity can be determined with full-scale tests with the wave overtopping simulator. However, a grass sod pulling test requires less effort and can also give a good estimation of this velocity. Within the project Future Dikes several inconsistencies were found in the analysis method used to estimate the critical flow velocity with a grass sod pulling test. To deal with these inconsistencies an adjusted analysis method was proposed. A comparison of the critical flow velocity fo
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8

Altomare, Corrado, Xavi Gironella, Tomohiro Suzuki, Giacomo Viccione, and Alessandra Saponieri. "Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8 (2020): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080556.

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Design criteria for coastal defenses exposed to wave overtopping are usually assessed by mean overtopping discharges and maximum individual overtopping volumes. However, it is often difficult to give clear and precise limits of tolerable overtopping for all kinds of layouts. A few studies analyzed the relationship between wave overtopping flows and hazard levels for people on sea dikes, confirming that one single value of admissible mean discharge or individual overtopping volume is not a sufficient indicator of the hazard, but detailed characterization of flow velocities and depths is require
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9

Adibhusana, Made Narayana, Jong-In Lee, Young-Taek Kim, and Yonguk Ryu. "Study of Overtopping Flow Velocity and Overtopping Layer Thickness on Composite Breakwater under Regular Wave." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 4 (2023): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040823.

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Overtopping flow velocity (OFV) and overtopping layer thickness (OTL) are essential parameters in breakwater design. Several empirical equations to predict these parameters are available in many works of literature, but most of the equations were derived based on impermeable structures such as sea dikes. In this study, we experimented with overtopping waves over a composite breakwater with tetrapod armor units. In the experiments, wave overtopping was generated from regular waves. We used a digital image-based velocimetry method, bubble image velocimetry (BIV), to measure the OFV and digitize
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10

Llana, Alberto, Rafael Molina, Alberto Camarero, Alvaro Campos, Ana Francisca Alises, and José Damián López. "OVERTOPPING FLOW PROPERTIES CHARACTERIZATION IN LABORATORY AND PROTOTYPE THROUGH THE COMBINATION OF NON INTRUSIVE INSTRUMENTAL TECHNIQUES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.46.

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Overtopping events may cause different failure modes depending on overtopped flow characteristics. Most of the studies about overtopping hazard analysis link the damages caused by the overtopping event to its mean overtopping discharge (q), which provides no information about overtopped flow characteristics or its spatial distribution. In this paper it is presented a non intrusive measurement system based on video imagery techniques and optical level sensors (OLS), which aim is to obtain overtopped highly aerated flows´ principal characteristics: velocity, volume, and density, in order to deep
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11

Hughes, Steven A., Christopher I. Thornton, Jentsje W. Van der Meer, and Bryan N. Scholl. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DESCRIBING WAVE OVERTOPPING PROCESSES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.35.

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This paper presents a new empirical relation for the shape factor in the Weibull distribution that describes the distribution of overtopping wave volumes. This improvement increases the applicable range of the Weibull distribution from very low average overtopping discharges to large discharges resulting from combined wave overtopping and steady surge overflow at negative freeboards. The effect this improvement has on wave overtopping simulation is also discussed. Measured maximum flow thicknesses, velocities, and discharges from experiments of combined wave and surge overtopping are examined
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12

Pourbakhshian, Somayyeh, and Fatemeh Abdolrasuli. "Investigating the Effect of Uncertainty in the Optimal Design of a Trapezoidal Channel." Journal of Civil Engineering Researchers 6, no. 4 (2024): 40–51. https://doi.org/10.61186/jcer.6.4.40.

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In this article, the optimal shape of the compound trapezoidal cross-section is presented by considering the deterministic constraints and the probabilistic constraint of channel flooding as uncertainty with the SPSA algorithm and with three discharge of 10, 50, and 120 (m^3/s). The objective function is to minimize the cost of excavation and lining, the design variables of depth and width of the canal bottom, side slopes and constraints include uniform flow, maximum and minimum velocity, water surface width and the overtopping probability. The values of the freeboard and the slope of the chan
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13

Brito, Moisés, Rui M. L. Ferreira, Luis Teixeira, Maria G. Neves, and Luís Gil. "Experimental Investigation of the Flow Field in the Vicinity of an Oscillating Wave Surge Converter." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12 (2020): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8120976.

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The main objective of this paper is to characterize the flow field on the front face of an oscillating wave surge converter (OWSC) under a regular wave. For this purpose, the longitudinal and vertical velocity components were measured using an Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler (UVP). In order to explain the main trends of the OWSC’s dynamics, the experimental data were firstly compared with the analytical results of potential theory. A large discrepancy was observed between experimental and analytical results, caused by the nonlinear behavior of wave-OWSC interaction that determine the turbulent fi
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14

Adibhusana, Made Narayana, Jong-In Lee, and Yonguk Ryu. "Experimental Study of Wave Overtopping Flow Behavior on Composite Breakwater." Water 15, no. 24 (2023): 4239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15244239.

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The safety of pedestrians on a breakwater structure or seawall is significantly influenced by two essential factors: the wave overtopping flow velocity (OFV) and the overtopping layer thickness (OLT). The main issue, however, is that most studies have predominantly focused on impermeable structures rather than composite breakwaters. This study conducted 55 physical experiments to investigate the OFV and OLT on a composite breakwater. The non-intrusive bubble image velocimetry (BIV) technique was employed to measure the OFV and OLT, as well as the plunging distance on the rear side of the struc
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15

Pu, Jaan Hui, and Songdong Shao. "Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulation of Wave Overtopping Characteristics for Different Coastal Structures." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/163613.

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This research paper presents an incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) technique to investigate a regular wave overtopping on the coastal structure of different types. The SPH method is a mesh-free particle modeling approach that can efficiently treat the large deformation of free surface. The incompressible SPH approach employs a true hydrodynamic formulation to solve the fluid pressure that has less pressure fluctuations. The generation of flow turbulence during the wave breaking and overtopping is modeled by a subparticle scale (SPS) turbulence model. Here the ISPH model is u
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16

Špano, Miroslav, Antje Bornschein, Reinhard Pohl, Jaromir Riha, and Holger Schüttrumpf. "Wave Run-Ups and Overtopping Affected by Oblique Wave Approaches and Currents." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (2022): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0010.

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Abstract To quantify the effect of a current on the height of a wave’s run-up and overtopping combined with an oblique wave approach, the “FlowDike” hydraulic research project was carried out. Tests were performed on two dike slopes of 1:3 and 1:6. Waves were generated across (perpendicular to) the physical model and also inclined in-plane to the stream axis. Oblique waves were generated both towards and along the flow’s direction. The effect of the current and of the wave direction on the height of the wave run-up and amount of the wave overtopping was expressed by means of a combined correct
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17

Warmink, Jord J., Vera M. Van Bergeijk, Weiqui Chen, Marcel R. A. Van Gent, and Suzanne J. M. H. Hulscher. "MODELLING WAVE OVERTOPPING FOR GRASS COVERS AND TRANSITIONS IN DIKE REVETMENTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.53.

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Transitions in the dike revetment or in the grass cover can significantly affect the wave overtopping discharge and the dike cover erosion. At the University of Twente, two PhD students recently started on the challenge of quantifying the effect of (1) waterside transition on the wave overtopping discharge and (2) transitions in grass covered dikes on dike erosion. In this paper we present their preliminary results and outline their future plans. Firstly, new laboratory experiments show that the existing wave overtopping formulas are not able to accurately predict the overtopping discharge in
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18

De Rouck, Julien, Koen Van Doorslaer, Tom Versluys, et al. "FULL SCALE IMPACT TESTS OF AN OVERTOPPING BORE ON A VERTICAL WALL IN THE LARGE WAVE FLUME (GWK) IN HANNOVER." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.62.

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To meet up with the requirements of the Flemish Government, the Belgian coastline needs a protection to a storm with a return period of 1000 years. At well-chosen locations, storm walls will be built, and for the structural design of these walls the impact loadings need to be known. Tests have been carried out at full scale in the Grosser Wellen Kanal, to determine the impact loads by overtopping bores. Wave overtopping over the crest of the dike occurs, and the overtopping bore progresses along the horizontal crest of the dike before impacting the storm wall. It is of major importance that su
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19

Formentin, Sara Mizar, and Barbara Zanuttigh. "A NEW FULLY-AUTOMATIC PROCEDURE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND THE COUPLING OF THE OVERTOPPING WAVES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.36.

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This contribution presents a new procedure for the automatic identification of the individual overtopping events. The procedure is based on a zero-down-crossing analysis of the water-surface-elevation signals and, based on two threshold values, can be applied to any structure crest level, i.e. to emerged, zero-freeboard, over-washed and submerged conditions. The results of the procedure are characterized by a level of accuracy comparable to the human-supervised analysis of the wave signals. The procedure includes a second algorithm for the coupling of the overtopping events registered at two c
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20

Barbosa, D. V. E., J. A. Souza, E. D. dos Santos, L. A. Isoldi, and J. C. Martins. "NUMERICAL ANALYSES OF OPENFOAM'S OVERTOPPING DEVICE SOLUTION." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 16, no. 1 (2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v16i1.62198.

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Studies related to ocean energy are getting more important lately, once world claims for renewable energy usage. The Overtopping Device is a kind of Ocean Waves Energy Converter (OWEC), which main concept is storing water provided by incident waves above sea level to feed a set of low head turbines. In order to obtain the desired effect, this device contains a ramp which elevates the incident waves toward the reservoir. Present study aims to perform a numerical model of a 2D Overtopping Device by means of OpenFOAM simulations. OpenFOAM is a free open source code which has shown applicability i
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21

Hou, Yadong, Junwei Ye, and Shiwen Wang. "Numerical simulation of complex slope dike overtopping wave flow under isolated wave action based on OpenFOAM." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2865, no. 1 (2024): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2865/1/012006.

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Abstract In recent years, a significant number of compound slope dikes have been developed, but research on the over-wave flow of their viewing platforms remains relatively sparse. In this paper, isolated waves are selected to simulate storm surges. Numerical flumes are constructed based on OpenFOAM to explore the thickness and flow velocity of overtopping wave flow impacts and the thickness and flow velocity of backwash flow on viewing platforms on a compound slope dike with three different foreslope gradients. The study finds that both the impact thickness and return thickness of the cross-w
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22

Ryu, Yong-Uk, Jong-In Lee, and Young-Taek Kim. "Analyses of Overtopping Velocity using Analytical Solution(Ritter's Solution) of Dam-Break Flow." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 41, no. 7 (2008): 669–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3741/jkwra.2008.41.7.669.

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23

Gebremariam, Filmon Tquabo, Asfafaw Haileselassie Tesfay, Fjóla Guðrún Sigtryggsdóttir, Haddush Goitom, and Leif Lia. "Overtopping-Induced Embankment Breaching Experiments: State-of-the-Art Review on Measurement and Instrumentation." Water 17, no. 7 (2025): 1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17071051.

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The breaching of embankments have devastating consequences for the economic, human, cultural, and environmental assets. One of the most widely used approaches for understanding the characteristics of embankment breaching is through laboratory and field-scale experiments. Despite the advancements in instrumentation and measurement techniques of embankment breaching experiments, there is a lack of comprehensive documentation. In this review, the advancements and state-of-the-art instrumentation and measurement techniques employed in overtopping-induced embankment breaching of laboratory and fiel
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24

Mares-Nasarre, Patricia, M. Esther Gómez-Martín, and Josep R. Medina. "Influence of Mild Bottom Slopes on the Overtopping Flow over Mound Breakwaters under Depth-Limited Breaking Wave Conditions." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010003.

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The crest elevation of mound breakwaters is usually designed considering a tolerable mean wave overtopping discharge. However, pedestrian safety, characterized by the overtopping layer thickness (OLT) and the overtopping flow velocity (OFV), is becoming more relevant due to the reduction of the crest freeboards of coastal structures. Studies in the literature focusing on OLT and OFV do not consider the bottom slope effect, even if it has a remarkable impact on mound breakwater design under depth-limited breaking wave conditions. Therefore, this research focuses on the influence of the bottom s
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25

Yusof, Z. M., Z. A. L. Shirling, A. K. A. Wahab, Z. Ismail, and S. Amerudin. "A hydrodynamic model of an embankment breaching due to overtopping flow using FLOW-3D." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 920, no. 1 (2021): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/920/1/012036.

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Abstract Embankment dam failures are concerning to many people in the society today, including dam engineers, federal, state, and local officials. The effects of dam failure may cause more harm than good; leading to the losses of lives, properties being damage, economic and environmental downfall. Embankment dam breaching is a complex process between hydraulics and soil erosion processes; until today it still requires more researches to be done. Many factors involved in embankment breaching such as cohesiveness of embankment material, compactness of the embankment soil material, height of the
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26

Yoon, Kwang, Seung Lee, and Seung Hong. "Time-Averaged Turbulent Velocity Flow Field through the Various Bridge Contractions during Large Flooding." Water 11, no. 1 (2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010143.

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Extreme rainfall events, larger than 500-year floods, have produced a large number of flooding events in the land and also close to the shore, and have resulted in massive destruction of hydraulic infrastructures because of scour. In light of climate change, this trend is likely to continue in the future and thus, resilience, security and sustainability of hydraulic infrastructures has become an interesting topic for hydraulic engineering stakeholders. In this study, a physical model experiment with a geometric similarity of the bridge embankments, abutments, and bridge deck as well as river b
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27

Cisco, Lenon A., Rafael P. Maciel, Phelype H. Oleinik, et al. "Numerical Analysis of the Available Power in an Overtopping Wave Energy Converter Subjected to a Sea State of the Coastal Region of Tramandaí, Brazil." Fluids 7, no. 11 (2022): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7110359.

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The present work proposes a numerical study of an overtopping wave energy converter. The goal of this study is to evaluate the theoretical power that can be converted by an overtopping device subjected to sea waves in the coastal region of Tramandaí, Brazil. For this, realistic irregular waves were generated using the WaveMIMO methodology, which allows numerical simulation of sea waves through the imposition of transient discrete data as prescribed velocity. For the numerical analysis, a two-dimensional computational model was employed using Fluent, where the device was inserted into a wave ch
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28

Yasuda, Youichi, and Toshiki Ishitsuka. "Experimental Investigation on Countermeasures for Gravel Bed Scouring and Driftwood Deposition Around Pier." Journal of Environmental Science Studies 6, no. 2 (2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i2.1395.

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During floods, driftwood is generated simultaneously with sediment runoff, may impinge and accumulate on bridge piers. In this case, the water level rises upstream of the bridge, flooding from the river, resulting in major damage, such as overtopping and collapse of houses and bridges. Further, a high velocity flow passing over the pier due to impact of the flow at the upstream face of the pier causes scouring of the river bottom around the pier. In this study, the installation of consecutively assembled boulders was proposed in order to protect against scouring around the pier. A trapezoidal
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Barendse, Luuk, Vera M. van Bergeijk, Weiqiu Chen, et al. "Hydrodynamic Modelling of Wave Overtopping over a Block-Covered Flood Defence." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 1 (2022): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10010089.

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Wave overtopping can cause erosion on the landward slope due to high flow velocities and turbulence that cause high stresses on the cover. Innovative block revetments such as Grassblocks protect the subsoil of the dike against erosion. The blocks are permeable, which reduces the flow velocity and the pressures along the landward slope. The performance of these blocks is assessed in physical tests, which provides insights into the stability of the blocks. However, such experiments are expensive and accurate measurements are difficult due to highly turbulent conditions. Therefore, the goal of th
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30

Karim, Ibtisam R., Zahraa F. Hassan, Hassan Hussein Abdullah, and Imzahim A. Alwan. "2D-HEC-RAS Modeling of Flood Wave Propagation in a Semi-Arid Area Due to Dam Overtopping Failure." Civil Engineering Journal 7, no. 9 (2021): 1501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091739.

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Dam overtopping failure and the resulting floods are hazardous events that highly impact the inundated areas and are less predictable. The simulation of the dam breach failure and the flood wave propagation is necessary for assessing flood hazards to provide precautions. In the present study, a two-dimensional HEC-RAS model was used to simulate the flood wave resulting from the hypothetical failure of Al-Udhaim Dam on Al-Udhaim River, Iraq, and the propagation of the resulting dam-break wave along 100 km downstream the dam site for the overtopping scenario. The main objective is to analyze the
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31

Singh, Prateek Kumar, Xiaonan Tang, and Hamidreza Rahimi. "Large-Eddy Simulation of Compound Channels with Staged Floodplains: Flow Interactions and Turbulent Structures." Water 15, no. 5 (2023): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15050983.

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Numerous sources of overtopping and flood events suggest different cross-sectional land characteristics of the river and urban river water systems. Multiple stages of floodplains in compound channels are viable in urban areas to facilitate bank slope stability and a higher discharge capacity for different flow rates. The complexity of the contiguous floodplains’ compound channel flows manifold with the interactive geometry and roughness of the surrounding floodplains. In the present study, a large-eddy simulation study is undertaken to investigate the turbulent structure of open channels with
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32

Bijlard, Roel, Gosse Steendam, Henk Verhagen, and Jentsje Van der Meer. "DETERMINING THE CRITICAL VELOCITY OF GRASS SODS FOR WAVE OVERTOPPING BY A GRASS PULLING DEVICE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.structures.20.

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DETERMINING THE CRITICAL VELOCITY OF GRASS SODS FOR
 WAVE OVERTOPPING BY A GRASS PULLING DEVICE
 Roel Bijlard, Delft University of Technology, roelbijlard@gmail.com
 Gosse Jan Steendam, INFRAM International, gosse.jan.steendam@infram.nl
 Henk Jan Verhagen, Delft University of Technology, h.j.verhagen@tudelft.nl
 Jentsje van der Meer, Van der Meer Consulting bv, jm@vandermeerconsulting.nl
 
 INTRODUCTION
 There is a shift in the approach for designing coastal
 structures in the Netherlands, such as dikes or levees.
 In the past dikes were design
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33

Castillo, Luis G., José M. Carrillo, and Fabián A. Bombardelli. "Distribution of mean flow and turbulence statistics in plunge pools." Journal of Hydroinformatics 19, no. 2 (2016): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2016.044.

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When the capacity of the spillway of a dam is exceeded for a given flood, overtopping occurs; in such cases potentially dangerous hydrodynamic actions and scour downstream of the dam need to be foreseen. Detailed studies of jets impinging in plunge pools from overflow nappe flows are scarce. This work addresses plunge pool flows, and compares numerical results against our own experiments. The energy dissipation is larger than 75% of the impingement jet energy. Instantaneous velocities and air entrainment were obtained with the use of an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter and optical fibre probe, res
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34

Chanson, H., and L. Toombes. "Experimental investigations of air entrainment in transition and skimming flows down a stepped chute." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 29, no. 1 (2002): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l01-084.

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Stepped spillways have been used for about 3500 years. The last few decades have seen the development of new construction materials, design techniques, and applications, for example, embankment overtopping protection systems. Although it is commonly acknowledged that free-surface aeration is significant in stepped chutes, experimental data are scarce, often limited to very steep slopes (α ~ 50°). This paper presents an experimental study conducted in a large-size stepped chute (α = 22°, h = 0.1 m, W = 1 m). Observations demonstrate the existence of a transition flow pattern for intermediate fl
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35

Devolder, Brecht, Peter Troch, and Pieter Rauwoens. "VALIDATION OF A BUOYANCY-MODIFIED TURBULENCE MODEL BY NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF BREAKING WAVES OVER A FIXED BAR." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.waves.71.

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The surf zone dynamics are governed by important processes such as turbulence generation , nearshore sediment transport , wave run-up and wave overtopping at a coastal structure. During field observations , it is very challenging to measure and quantify wave breaking turbulence . Complementary to experimental laboratory studies in a more controlled environment , numerical simulations are highly suitable to understand and quantify surf zone processes more accurately.
 
 In this study, wave propagation and wave breaking over a fixed barred beach profile is investigated using a two­ ph
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36

van Bergeijk, Vera M., Vincent A. Verdonk, Jord J. Warmink, and Suzanne J. M. H. Hulscher. "The Cross-Dike Failure Probability by Wave Overtopping over Grass-Covered and Damaged Dikes." Water 13, no. 5 (2021): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050690.

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A probabilistic framework is developed to calculate the cross-dike failure probability by overtopping waves on grass-covered dikes. The cross-dike failure probability of dike profiles including transitions and damages can be computed to find the most likely location of failure and quantify the decrease in the failure probability when this location is strengthened. The erosion depth along the dike profile is calculated using probability distributions for the water level, wind speed and dike cover strength. Failure is defined as the exceedance of 20 cm erosion depth when the topsoil of the grass
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37

Chen, Yuling, Guangyuan Liu, Shangtuo Qian, Hui Xu, Jiangang Feng, and Xiaosheng Wang. "Effects of Converging Sidewalls on Skimming Flow over Converging Stepped Spillway." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (2022): 7868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157868.

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A numerical study is conducted for converging stepped spillways with various spillway slopes, sidewall convergence and flow discharges to understand the influences of converging sidewalls on skimming flows. Compared with the traditional uniform-width stepped spillway, the converging sidewall changes the skimming flow features by generating standing waves on the free-surface, curving the mainstream streamlines and squeezing and distorting the bottom rotations. For free-surface, mainstream and bottom rotations, the width of disturbed regions by the converging sidewall varies, with that for botto
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38

Briganti, Riccardo, Rosaria Ester Musumeci, Jentsje Van der Meer, et al. "LARGE SCALE TESTS ON FORESHORE EVOLUTION DURING STORM SEQUENCES AND THE PERFORMANCE OF A NEARLY VERTICAL STRUCTURE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.13.

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This work presents the results of an experimental investigation on the effects of a sequence of storms on wave overtopping at a nearly vertical battered seawall at the back of a sandy foreshore. The experiments were carried out in the Large Wave Flume (GWK) at Leibniz Universität Hannover (Germany), as part of the research project ICODEP (Impact of Changing fOreshore on flood DEfence Performance), within the European Union programme Hydralab+. The layout consisted of a 10/1 battered seawall and a natural sandy foreshore with an initial 1:15 slope. The beach sand had a nominal diameter of 0.30
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39

Uemura, Fumihiko, Guus Rongen, Shigekazu Masuya, Takatoshi Yoshida, and Tomohito J. Yamada. "Calculating flood probability in Obihiro using a probabilistic method: incorporating the probability of dike failure with uncertainty." Proceedings of IAHS 386 (April 19, 2024): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-386-69-2024.

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Abstract. In Japan, estimating flood risk follows a deterministic approach. A probabilistic risk method, as adapted in the Netherlands, would be better suited for the quantitative evaluation of flood damage. This study applies such a method in Obihiro, Hokkaido, northern island of Japan. We modelled dike failure with the mechanism overtopping. The probability of dike failure is calculated with a Monte Carlo simulation, considering uncertainties in water levels, critical flow velocity, and dike heights. This results in more accurate failure probabilities compared to the deterministic approach.
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40

Carré, David M., Pascale M. Biron, and Susan J. Gaskin. "Flow dynamics and bedload sediment transport around paired deflectors for fish habitat enhancement: a field study in the Nicolet River." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 6 (2007): 761–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-083.

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Schemes to restore fish habitat in rivers often involve installing instream structures such as current deflectors to create and maintain riffle-pool sequences. However, there is a lack of field studies on the impact of these structures on flow dynamics and bed topography. The objective of this research is to characterize flow dynamics and sediment transport around paired deflectors used to enhance fish habitat in the Nicolet River, Quebec. Bed and bank topography surveys were taken with a total station, and velocity and bed shear stress estimates were obtained from an acoustic doppler velocime
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41

Sujono, Joko. "Hydrological Analysis of the Situ Gintung Dam Failure." Journal of Disaster Research 7, no. 5 (2012): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2012.p0590.

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Early on the morning ofMarch 27, 2009, the Situ Gintung dam, located near Jakarta, Indonesia, and with an catchment area of 3.1 km2, failed and flooded the area below it. This disaster has awakened most of the Indonesian people, especially those who are concerned about hydraulic structures, natural disasters and sustainable water resources management. During the disaster, about 100 people died and a number of people went missing. There are hundreds of dams like the Situ Gintung dam and other big dams have been built in Indonesia. Most of these dams pose a high potential hazard to life and prop
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42

Sun, Liang, Zewang Yang, Mingsheng Chen, and Fen Li. "Analysis of Sharp Eagle Oscillating Surge Wave Energy Converter Based on a Two-Dimensional Numerical Wave Flume Model." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 8 (2023): 1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11081607.

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To investigate the overtopping and slamming phenomena that occur in the interactions between waves and oscillating surge wave energy converters (OSWECs), a two-dimensional numerical wave flume was established using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluent by adding the momentum source terms into the original Navier–Stokes equation. Numerical convergence studies of the mesh sizes and time steps were firstly performed to ensure the sufficient accuracy of the numerical model. The variations in the wave heights along the wave propagation direction in the wave-generating area, working are
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43

Wang, Shuangling, Wanshun Zhang, and Fajin Chen. "Simulation of Drainage Capacity in a Coastal Nuclear Power Plant under Extreme Rainfall and Tropical Storm." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (2019): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030642.

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To ensure the safety of coastal nuclear power plants, accurately simulating water depth due to flooding resulting from heavy rainfall and tropical storms is important. In this paper, a combined model is developed to analyze and simulate the drainage capacity in a coastal nuclear power plant under the combined action of extreme rainfall and wave overtopping. The combined model consist of a surface two-dimensional flood-routing model, a pipe network model, and an offshore wave model. The method of predictive correction calculation is adopted to calculate the node return flow. The inundated water
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Khoolosi, Vafa, and Sedat Kabdaşli. "Numerical Simulation of Impulsive Water Waves Generated by Subaerial and Submerged Landslides Incidents in Dam Reservoirs." Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 10 (2016): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000053.

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The water wave generation by a freely falling rigid body is examined in this paper. Landslides on the margins of dam reservoirs may generate large waves that can produce flooding over the banks or overtopping the dam crest. In the present investigation, landslide generated waves are studied using a numerical model based on Navier-Stokes equations. Impulse wave amplitude, period, energy is studied in this work. The effects of bed slope angle on energy conversion from slide into wave are also investigated, and the numerical model we used in this study is the full three dimensional commercial cod
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Niu, Xuyang, Yuxiang Ma, and Guohai Dong. "Laboratory Study on Flow Characteristics during Solitary Waves Interacting with a Suspended Horizontal Plate." Water 14, no. 15 (2022): 2386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14152386.

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A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the 2–D kinematic field evolution around a suspended plate induced by solitary waves. The plate–type structure was rigid and suspended above the mean water level, while the solitary waves were generated by the wave maker to simulate the nearshore tsunami waves. The ratio of incident wave height to water depth was in the range of [0.200, 0.333], and the structural suspended height was in the range of [0.067, 0.200]. The velocity field around the deck was measured using the non–intrusive image–based PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry)
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46

Wu, Yun-Ta. "Breaking Solitary Wave Impact on a Vertical Seawall." Water 14, no. 4 (2022): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14040583.

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Wave interactions with vertical and sloping seawalls are indeed complicated, especially for the impacts due to breaking waves, which are unsteady, turbulent and multi-phase. Available studies successfully measured the impact pressure due to waves acting on seawalls, whereas the associated flow velocity and turbulence characteristic received limited attention, indicating that the momentum of such violent free-surface flows cannot be determined. In this study, new experiments were carried out in a laboratory-scale wave flume using a non-intrusive image-based measuring technique (bubble image vel
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47

Omira, R., M. A. Baptista, F. Leone, et al. "Performance of coastal sea-defense infrastructure at El Jadida (Morocco) against tsunami threat: lessons learned from the Japanese 11 March 2011 tsunami." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 7 (2013): 1779–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1779-2013.

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Abstract. This paper seeks to investigate the effectiveness of sea-defense structures in preventing/reducing the tsunami overtopping as well as evaluating the resulting tsunami impact at El Jadida, Morocco. Different tsunami wave conditions are generated by considering various earthquake scenarios of magnitudes ranging from Mw = 8.0 to Mw = 8.6. These scenarios represent the main active earthquake faults in the SW Iberia margin and are consistent with two past events that generated tsunamis along the Atlantic coast of Morocco. The behaviour of incident tsunami waves when interacting with coast
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48

Jiang, Changbo, Xiaojian Liu, Yu Yao, Bin Deng, and Jie Chen. "Numerical Investigation of Tsunami-Like Solitary Wave Interaction with a Seawall." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 11, no. 01 (2017): 1740006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431117400061.

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Seawall is a most commonly used structure in coastal areas to protect the landscape and coastal facilities. The studies of interactions between the tsunami-like solitary waves and the seawalls are relatively rare in the literature. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model based on OpenFOAM® was developed to investigate the tsunami-like solitary waves propagating over a rectangular seawall. The Navier–Stokes equations for two-phase incompressible flow, combining with methods of [Formula: see text] for turbulence closure and Volume of Fluid (VOF) for tracking the free surface, were sol
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49

Verbrugghe, Tim, José Manuel Dominguez, Corrado Altomare, Angelantonio Tafuni, Peter Troch, and Andreas Kortenhaus. "APPLICATION OF OPEN BOUNDARIES WITHIN A TWO-WAY COUPLED SPH MODEL TO SIMULATE NON-LINEAR WAVE-STRUCTURE INTERACTIONS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.14.

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A two-way coupling between the fully non-linear potential flow (FNPF) solver OceanWave3D and the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) solver DualSPHysics is presented. At the coupling interfaces within the SPH domain, an open boundary formulation is applied. An inlet and outlet zone are filled with bu er particles. At the inlet, horizontal orbital velocities and surface elevations calculated with OceanWave3D are imposed on the bu er particles. At the outlet, horizontal orbital velocities are imposed, but the surface elevation is extrapolated from the fluid domain. Velocity corrections are app
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50

Jamet, Grégoire, António Muralha, José F. Melo, Pedro A. Manso, and Giovanni De Cesare. "Plunging Circular Jets: Experimental Characterization of Dynamic Pressures near the Stagnation Zone." Water 14, no. 2 (2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14020173.

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Spillways are a requirement for dams’ safety, mainly preventing overtopping during floods. A common spillway solution involves plunging jets, which dissipate a considerable flow energy in the plunge pool. Energy dissipation has to occur in a controlled manner to avoid endangering the dam foundation and river slopes. Indeed, a scouring process in the downstream riverbed will inevitably develop until equilibrium is reached, otherwise a suitable pre-excavated or concrete lined plunge pool has to be provided. This paper focuses on experimental studies in which particular attention was paid to the
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