Academic literature on the topic 'Oviposition choice'
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Journal articles on the topic "Oviposition choice"
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Ventura, Maurício U., and Antônio R. Panizzi. "Oviposition behavior of Neomegalotomus parvus (West.) (Hemiptera: Alydidae): daily rhythm and site choice." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 29, no. 3 (2000): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80592000000300002.
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Neomegalotomus parvus (West.) behavior related to choosing crevices of pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., pods to lay eggs were studied. Blocking antennae, tarsi, eyes, abdomen, or all structures simultaneously, did not affect the site of the pod (crevices) chosen to lay eggs. Oviposition occurred mainly in the afternoon. Most eggs were laid from 4 to 6 pm. Females moved antennae alternately up and down. Dabbing/antennation was accomplished, first with antennae and then with antennae and labial tip and the ovipositor was exposed and swept over the surface of the pod, leading to oviposition. Eggs were held together with an adhesive substance. Mechanoreceptors were observed on the ovipositor.
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Malek, Heather L., and Tristan A. F. Long. "On the use of private versus social information in oviposition site choice decisions by Drosophila melanogaster females." Behavioral Ecology 31, no. 3 (2020): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/araa021.
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Abstract Individuals are faced with decisions throughout their lifetimes, and the choices they make often have important consequences toward their fitness. Being able to discern which available option is best to pursue often incurs sampling costs, which may be largely avoided by copying the behavior and decisions of others. Although social learning and copying behaviors are widespread, much remains unknown about how effective and adaptive copying behavior is, as well as the factors that underlie its expression. Recently, it has been suggested that since female fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) appear to rely heavily on public information when selecting oviposition sites, they are a promising model system for researching patch-choice copying, and more generally, the mechanisms that control decision making. Here, we set out to determine how well female distinguish between socially produced cues, and whether females are using “relevant” signals when choosing an oviposition site. We found that females showed a strong preference for ovipositing on media patches that had been previously occupied by ovipositing females of the same species and diet over other female outgroups. However, in a separate assay, we observed that females favored ovipositing on media patches that previously housed virgin males over those exhibiting alternative conspecific signals. Our results confirm that females use cues left behind by other flies when choosing between potential oviposition sites, though their prioritization of these signals raises serious questions as to whether fruit flies are employing copying behavior, or are instead responding to signals that may not be of relevance to oviposition site suitability.
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Yu, Chendi, Jun Huang, Xiaoyun Ren, et al. "The predatory bug Orius strigicollis shows a preference for egg-laying sites based on plant topography." PeerJ 9 (July 21, 2021): e11818. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11818.
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Background Oviposition site selection is an important factor in determining the success of insect populations. Orius spp. are widely used in the biological control of a wide range of soft-bodied insect pests such as thrips, aphids, and mites. Orius strigicollis (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) is the dominant Orius species in southern China; however, what factor drives its selection of an oviposition site after mating currently remains unknown. Methods Here, kidney bean pods (KBPs) were chosen as the oviposition substrate, and choice and nonchoice experiments were conducted to determine the preferences concerning oviposition sites on the KBPs of O. strigicollis. The mechanism of oviposition behavior was revealed through observation and measurement of oviposition action, the egg hatching rate, and the oviposition time. Results We found that O. strigicollis preferred the seams of the pods for oviposition, especially the seams at the tips of the KBPs. Choice and nonchoice experiments showed that females did not lay eggs when the KBP tail parts were unavailable. The rates of egg hatching on different KBP parts were not significantly different, but the time required for females to lay eggs on the tip seam was significantly lower. Decreased oviposition time is achieved on the tip seam because the insect can exploit support points found there and gain leverage for insertion of the ovipositor. Discussion The preferences for oviposition sites of O. strigicollis are significantly influenced by the topography of the KBP surface. Revealing such behavior and mechanisms will provide an important scientific basis for the mass rearing of predatory bugs.
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Markheiser, Anna, Margit Rid, Sandra Biancu, Jürgen Gross, and Christoph Hoffmann. "Tracking Short-Range Attraction and Oviposition of European Grapevine Moths Affected by Volatile Organic Compounds in a Four-Chamber Olfactometer." Insects 11, no. 1 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11010045.
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The identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) leading to short-range attraction and oviposition of the European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana and European grape berry moth Eupoecilia ambiguella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is crucial in order to establish bait-based decision support systems for control of these pests. Therefore, we developed a method to measure the real-time behavioral response of female moths to VOCs using a four-chamber olfactometer coupled with a video tracking system. Ten synthetic VOCs were selected for this study: (S)-(−)-perillaldehyde, (E)/(Z)-linalool oxide, (±)-limonene, linalool, (E)-β-caryophyllene, α/β-farnesene, (−)-α-cedrene, methyl salicylate and cumene. The effect of VOCs on egg deposition was determined using a dual-choice oviposition test, whereas perception by female antennae was verified using electroantennography (EAG). During video tracking, females responded to volatile compounds emitted by grapevine with higher antennae and ovipositor activity than to air control. (E)/(Z)-linalool oxide, cumene and (S)-(−)-perillaldehyde released ovipositor activity of L. botrana, while the latter provoked oviposition. (R)/(S)-limonene affected ovipositor activity of E. ambiguella, whereas none of the VOCs tested attracted for oviposition. The results suggest that females have the ability to perceive specific VOCs by the antennae but also by the ovipositor, which could attract or repel for egg deposition.
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Weissling, Thomas J., Tamera M. Lewis, Les M. McDonough, and David R. Horton. "REDUCTION IN PEAR PSYLLA (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) OVIPOSITION AND FEEDING BY FOLIAR APPLICATION OF VARIOUS MATERIALS." Canadian Entomologist 129, no. 4 (1997): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent129637-4.
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AbstractSeveral horticultural oils, an insecticidal soap, neem, garlic extract, a sugar ester, and a synthetic insect growth regulator were evaluated under laboratory conditions for their ability to inhibit pear psylla’s [Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster)] feeding and oviposition. Supreme oil significantly reduced winterform oviposition rates in both choice and no-choice assays and reduced feeding rates in no-choice assays. Supreme oil also reduced oviposition rates of summerform females in choice tests but not in no-choice tests. In addition, summerform oviposition rates were reduced significantly by application of several mineral oils (Orchex 796E, 692, and WS2928) and garlic barrier to pear foliage in no-choice tests, and by all oils, garlic barrier, and M-Pede in choice tests. Summerform feeding rates were reduced by application of mineral oils. Data suggest that "summer type" oils and other compounds may have utility in pear psylla management programs by decreasing feeding and oviposition.
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Stewart, Scott D., and Michael J. Gaylor. "Effects of Host Switching on Oviposition by the Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae)." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 2 (1994): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.2.231.
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Tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), oviposition and longevity were examined when adult females were switched between cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.), and fleabane, Erigeron strigosus Muhlenberg ex Willdenow. Ovipositional rates and patterns were significantly affected by the sequence in which cotton and fleabane were offered. There was a rapid decrease in egg deposition when bugs were switched from fleabane to cotton. In contrast, a slow increase in oviposition occurred when bugs were switched from cotton to fleabane. Bugs laid more eggs on fleabane than on cotton when given a choice of host. There was no relationship between longevity and host sequence within years. Ovipositional preferences and host quality appeared to be responsible for differences in egg deposition.
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Xia, Siyang. "Laboratory Oviposition Choice of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Kenya and Gabon: Effects of Conspecific Larvae, Salinity, Shading, and Microbiome." Journal of Medical Entomology 58, no. 3 (2021): 1021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa285.
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Abstract The mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of several arboviruses. Mosquito control and surveillance are essential to restrict disease transmission, the effectiveness of which depends on our understanding of the mosquito’s behaviors, including oviposition. Previous studies have identified a variety of oviposition cues. However, most of these studies involved only Ae. aegypti outside of the species’ native range, Africa. Populations outside Africa differ in their genetics and some behaviors from their African counterparts, suggesting possibly different oviposition preferences. Within Africa, Ae. aegypti can be found in both ancestral forest habitats and domestic habitats. The African domestic populations may represent an intermediate state between the forest and the truly domesticated non-African populations. Comparing mosquitoes from these three habitats (African forest, African domestic, and non-African domestic) might provide insight into the evolution of oviposition behavior. In this study, I examined the oviposition choices of multiple Ae. aegypti colonies from all three habitats in laboratory settings. I applied a two-choice assay to test four oviposition cues: the preexistence of conspecific larvae, salinity, shading, and microbiome. A subset of African colonies showed similar oviposition choices as their non-African counterparts, whereas the rest show little response to the factors tested. Within the African colonies, oviposition choices of the domestic colonies were significantly different from the forest colonies in most experiments. Yet, their preferences were not always intermediate between that of mosquitoes from the other two habitats. Collectively, this study adds to our understanding of Ae. aegypti oviposition, especially in previously understudied African populations.
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Sato, Airi, Kentaro M. Tanaka, Joanne Y. Yew, and Aya Takahashi. "Drosophila suzukii avoidance of microbes in oviposition choice." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 1 (2021): 201601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201601.
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While the majority of Drosophila species lays eggs onto fermented fruits, females of Drosophila suzukii pierce the skin and lay eggs into ripening fruits using their serrated ovipositors. The changes of oviposition site preference must have accompanied this niche exploitation. In this study, we established an oviposition assay to investigate the effects of commensal microbes deposited by conspecific and heterospecific individuals and showed that the presence of microbes on the oviposition substrate enhances egg laying of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila biarmipes , but discourages that of D. suzukii . This result suggests that a drastic change has taken place in the lineage leading to D. suzukii in how females respond to chemical cues produced by microbes. We also found that hardness of the substrate, resembling that of either ripening or damaged and fermenting fruits, affects the response to microbial growth, indicating that mechanosensory stimuli interact with chemosensory-guided decisions to select or avoid oviposition sites.
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Yee, Wee L. "Effects of Several Newer Insecticides and Kaolin on Oviposition and Adult Mortality in Western Cherry Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 43, no. 2 (2008): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-43.2.177.
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Effects of newer insecticides and kaolin-based particle film (Surround® WP Crop Protectant) on oviposition and mortality in the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, were determined. In a no-choice experiment, azinphos-methyl sprayed on cherries reduced oviposition by 98.5% compared with the control, whereas spinosad bait, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam reduced it by 74.4% to 91.8% and indoxacarb reduced it by 61.7%. Despite reducing oviposition to similar levels, imidacloprid did not cause as much mortality as spinosad bait, spinosad, or thiamethoxam. Imidacloprid reduced oviposition more than indoxacarb, even though the two caused similar mortality. In a choice experiment, there were no differences in oviposition in untreated and insecticide-treated cherries, except fewer eggs were laid in spinosad-bait treated than untreated cherries. In a no-choice experiment using kaolin, flies laid up to 36 times more eggs in control than treated cherries. In a choice experiment, flies laid 10 times more eggs in untreated than kaolin-treated cherries. Results show oviposition by R. indifferens can be reduced to similar levels by materials with significantly different toxicities, and that none except spinosad bait is an oviposition deterrent. The high levels of oviposition reduction indicate these insecticides (except indoxacarb) can protect fruit from mature flies, but more work is needed to modify or improve them so that they can reduce oviposition as much as azinphosmethyl. In residential trees where none of these insecticides is desirable, kaolin may be useful in reducing oviposition and preventing buildup of R. indifferens populations.
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RESETARITS, WILLIAM J. "Oviposition Site Choice and Life History Evolution." American Zoologist 36, no. 2 (1996): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/36.2.205.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Oviposition choice"
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Waara, Linnéa. "Nutrient driven oviposition and food preference in terrestrial herbivorous insects - a choice experiment." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125226.
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The presence of competitors and predators as well as plant quality affect which plants an insect feed from. These factors affect food choice through the entire insect life cycle, and is especially important when it comes to nurturing larvae. Females oviposition choice sets the initial stage for larval growth and survival, and it is therefore predicted that there is a strong selection pressure to make them oviposit on the best plants possible. This study looks into the behavior of nutrient driven ovipositing and food choice in the beetles Phratora vitellinae and Lochmaea caprea by offering individuals ten leaves of Salix viminalis, one treated with extra nitrogen in order to increase the nutritional value, and four treated with extra carbon, which should lower the nutritional value. During the choice experiment, only two females of Phratora vitellinae oviposited, making it impossible to draw any conclusion regarding nutrient driven oviposition choice. However, data showed a preference for nitrogen treated leaves and an avoidance of untreated control leaves in almost every case when looking into the largest loss of area for leaves of each treatment. When analyzing the number of leaves of each treatment that is eaten per individual there was a slight preference for nitrogen treated leaves, even though the probability of nitrogen being ranked as most preferred in this case was almost zero. Carbon treated leaves and acetone treated control leaves were equally avoided. For Lochmaea caprea, females fed from a significantly larger numer of leaves than males did (t-test, t=1.86, p=0.0003). An ANOVA showed no significant difference in C:N ratio among leaf treatments (ANOVA, F=9.28E-07, p=0.99). Since plant C:N ratio most likely will increase continuously due to CO2 emissions, the effects an increased carbon concentration in plant tissues has on oviposition and food choice in herbivorous insects is something to look further into. More studies on this subject are therefore needed.
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Potter, Kristen A. "LIFE ON A LEAF: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF OVIPOSITION-SITE CHOICE IN MANDUCA SEXTA." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194365.
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Phytophagous insects and plants comprise one half of all macroscopic organisms on Earth, and understanding plant-insect interactions has been a long-standing focus in ecological and evolutionary biology. A key challenge has been determining the factors that affect how insects distribute among plants. While ditrophic and tritrophic interactions are well known and enormously important, the biophysical context in which these interactions occur is largely unexplored. This dissertation examines how a plant's physical environment affects insect performance on, and preference for, its leaves.An insect's primary physiological challenges are staying within an appropriate temperature range and retaining sufficient water. These problems are exacerbated during the egg stage. Eggs have comparatively enormous ratios of surface area to volume, and their temperature is determined largely by where they are laid. Because they are small, eggs are nearly always immersed within their plant's boundary layer, a thin layer of still air that resists heat and moisture transfer between the plant and its surroundings. Almost no work has documented the microclimate to which insects are exposed in a plant's boundary layer, which likely differs substantially both from the ambient macroclimate, and from leaf to leaf.Because a female controls the location in which her eggs must develop, her choice of oviposition site may profoundly influence the success of her offspring. In this dissertation I examine how site-specific environmental variables, including microclimate, predation, and leaf nutrition, drive female oviposition preference and offspring performance in the hawkmoth, Manduca sexta L. (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). I measure how leaves of M. sexta's primary host plants in the southwestern USA modify the temperature and humidity experienced by eggs, and how these leaf microclimates affect the performance of eggs and larvae. I then test whether this species' oviposition-site choices correlate with offspring performance with regard to microclimate, predation risk, and leaf nutrition. This dissertation is unique in focusing on the relatively unstudied biophysical context in which plant-insect interactions occur. Additionally, it is the first work that compares, together in a single study, the effects of varying multiple factors related to oviposition-site choice across all life history stages in a single model system.
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Schäpers, Alexander. "Evolutionary and mechanistic aspects of insect host plant preference." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-128488.
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Plant feeding insects comprise about 25% of all animal species on earth and play an important role in all ecosystems. Although we understand that their association with plants is a key-factor driving the diversification in this group, we still have large gaps in our knowledge of the underlying processes of this relationship. Female choice of host plant is an important event in the insect life-cycle, as it is a major determinant of the larval food plant. In this Thesis I studied different aspects of insect host plant choice and used butterflies from the family Nymphalidae as my study system. I found that butterflies have a well developed olfactory system and that they use odors when searching for food or host plants. However, the information obtained from the odor of host plants does not seem to be sufficient for the studied species to make a distinction between plants of different qualities. Interestingly, even when in full contact with the leaf they do not make optimal decisions. I show for example that a sub-optimal female choice may be mitigated by larval ability to cope with unfavorable situations. Moreover, species that utilize a broader set of host plants may not be very well adapted to all the hosts they use, but at the same time they may survive in areas where there is only a subset of the plants available. Lastly, differences in the evolution of life-history traits between species can account for differences in how each species realizes its lifestyle. Thus, by incorporating findings on mechanisms of host plant choice with the ecological and evolutionary context of a species, our ability to explain the dynamics of host plant choice and insect-plant interactions can be improved.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript.
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Griffin, Marisa Lynn. "OVIPOSITIONAL BEHAVIOR OF THE 12-SPOTTED LADY BEETLE, COLEOMEGILLA MACULATA: CHOICES AMONG PLANT SPECIES AND POTENTIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THOSE CHOICES." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2000. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukyento2000t00002/mgthesisI.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 52 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-51).
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Okal, M. N. "Analysing the role of semiochemicals in the oviposition substrate choices of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu lato." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2528132/.
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The search for tools that target malaria vector that resist insecticides and bite outdoors has become a research priority. Such tools will be necessary for managing residual malaria transmission and hastening the eradication of this devastating disease. This study investigated chemicals that potentially affect the oviposition substrate choices of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.). It is foreseen that increased knowledge of the oviposition behaviour of this major malaria vectors and chemicals cues that mediate oviposition site-selection can be applied in the development of additional sampling methods and alternative interventions that to trap gravid malaria mosquitoes outdoors. To achieve a reproducible high egg-laying success of An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) and An. arabiensis four factors were evaluated: (1) the time provided for mating; (2) the impact of cage size, mosquito age and female body size on insemination; (3) the peak oviposition time; and, (4) the host source of blood meals. Then four bioassays were optimised for studying oviposition responses of An. gambiae s.s. in the laboratory and semi-field conditions: a WHO-tube bioassay and a wind-tunnel that detected short-range attraction in the laboratory; a two-tier choice egg-count bioassay that compared the relative proportion of eggs laid in substrates in the laboratory; and a modified BG Sentinel mosquito gravid trap that evaluated long-range attraction of gravid females to olfactory cues in the semi-field. Finally, the oviposition responses of gravid An. gambiae s.s. mosquitoes to water vapour, Bermuda grass hay infusion (hay infusion), and putative semiochemicals identified from the hay infusion and a soil infusion previously shown to elicit higher egg deposition compared to filtered Lake Victoria water (lake water) in two choice egg-count bioassays (Herrera-Varela et al. 2014), were evaluated. High oviposition rates [84%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 77-89%] were achieved when 300 male and 300 blood-fed female An. gambiae s.s. were held together in a cage for four days. The chance of oviposition in the mosquitoes dropped when human host source of blood-meal was substituted with a rabbit (Odds ratio (OR) 0.30, 95% CI 0.14-0.66) but egg-numbers per female were not affected. All four optimised oviposition bioassays effectively showed between 15-20% shifts in oviposition substrate choices of mosquitoes with 80% statistical power and 5% significance. Using the WHO-tube bioassay, gravid An. gambiae s.s. were shown to be 2.4 times (95% CI 1.3-4.7 times) more likely to move towards high humidity in still air compared to non-gravid Preamble mosquitoes. This was more pronounced in the airflow olfactometer where the gravid mosquitoes were 10.6 times (95% CI 5.4-20.8 times) more likely to fly into a chamber with water than a dry chamber. Two-choice egg-count bioassays showed that An. gambiae s.s. were less likely to lay eggs in six-day old hay infusion (OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.03-0.33) compared to lake water. Ten putative semiochemicals were identified from the hay infusion using mass spectrometry and published electrophysiology data: 4-hepten-1-ol, 4-ethylphenol, phenylmethanol, 2-phenylethanol, indole, phenol, 3-methylindole, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 4-ethylphenol, and nonanal. Tested in two-choice egg-count bioassays, the first four listed compounds had no effect on egg deposition at the tested concentrations (between 0.01-5 parts per million) but mosquitoes were less likely to lay eggs in at least one concentration of 3-methylindole (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.71), indole (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37-0.87), 3-methyl-1-butanol (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.22-0.47), phenol (OR 0.55, 0.32-0.95), 4-methylphenol (OR 0.32, 0.18-0.57) and nonanal (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.47-0.91) compared to lake water. In contrast to the hay infusion and hay infusion volatiles, An. gambiae s.s. were about two times more likely to lay eggs in cedrol, a sesquiterpene alcohol identified from the soil infusion, compared to lake water (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.16-2.91). Cedrol attracted twice as many gravid mosquitoes in the semi-field also (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.63-2.27). In the field, modified BG-Sentinel traps, electrocuting nets and OviART gravid traps with lake water and cedrol were three times more likely to trap malaria mosquitoes compared to traps with water only (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.4-7.9). In conclusion, water vapour was shown to be a strong, non-specific pre-oviposition attractant for gravid An. gambiae s.s. in still air and moving air. It is probably the long range cue that gravid An. gambiae s.l. use to detect the presence aquatic habitats beyond the range of chemical cues. Evidence showed that An. gambiae s.s. discriminate between potential oviposition substrates and that this selective process is in-part mediated by volatile organic compounds originating from the site. Water vapour leads gravid mosquitoes to aquatic sites but semiochemicals enable the mosquitoes to discriminate and select between potential habitats. It was demonstrated that synthetic equivalents of semiochemicals found to attract gravid mosquitoes such as cedrol can be used to trap malaria mosquitoes outdoors.
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Späthe, Anna Maria [Verfasser], Bill S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hansson, Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Anderson, and Sylvia [Akademischer Betreuer] Anton. "The function of volatile semiochemicals in host plant choice of ovipositing manduca moths (sphingidae) / Anna Maria Späthe. Gutachter: Bill S. Hansson ; Peter Anderson ; Sylvia Anton." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047097079/34.
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Battesti, Marine. "Transmission sociale d’un choix de site de ponte au sein de groupes de Drosophiles." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112174/document.
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Comprendre comment les processus de transmission non génétique comme la transmission sociale influencent l’évolution comportementale des espèces est une problématique importante en biologie de l’évolution. Cette thèse cherche à appréhender les mécanismes de diffusion et de maintien d’une information au sein d’un groupe par l’étude de la transmission sociale d’un choix de site d’oviposition chez Drosophila melanogaster. Le premier volet de cette thèse met en évidence l’existence d’une transmission du choix de site de ponte entre des femelles démonstratrices possédant l’information et des femelles observatrices naïves ainsi qu’à déterminer le processus d’apprentissage social sous-jacent. Le transfert de l’information sociale du choix d’oviposition se fait par le biais d’interactions directes entre les démonstratrices et observatrices. L’analyse de ces interactions par une méthode de vidéo tracking révèle l’existence d’un transfert de l’information bidirectionnel : plus les observatrices et les démonstratrices interagissent plus les observatrices acquièrent le choix d’oviposition et plus les démonstratrices le perdent. L’acquisition d’une information personnelle de la part les démonstratrices n’induit pas systématiquement sa transmission sociale aux observatrices suggérant que les deux processus sont dissociés. Le deuxième volet vise à comprendre dans quels contextes l’information sociale est employée et comment un individu réalise la balance entre l’utilisation des informations sociales et personnelles présentes dans son environnement. L’influence du groupe est examinée sur l’efficacité de la transmission par l’étude de paramètres tels que le ratio entre démonstratrices et observatrices, la taille du groupe, ou la présence d’une variabilité génétique. Les drosophiles montrent une stratégie d’apprentissage social de « copier la majorité » pour choisir leur site de ponte. Lorsque deux informations sociales sont présentes et contradictoires, les drosophiles acquièrent celle en adéquation avec leur préférence innée. La taille du groupe n’influence pas la transmission sociale mais perturbe l’utilisation de l’information personnelle des démonstratrices. La présence d’une variabilité génétique au sein du groupe, issue du polymorphisme du gène foraging, montre des différences de stratégies d’apprentissage social entre les individus des différents variants alléliques. L’utilisation de l’apprentissage social est parfaitement intégrée dans les prises de décision des drosophiles laissant envisager sa prévalence dans le règne animal. Cette thèse permet d’apporter de nouveaux éléments sur les mécanismes d'adaptation du comportement basé sur les processus de transmission sociale et de dégager les futurs enjeux liés à son étudeUnderstanding how the process of non-genetic transmission as social transmission influence species behavioral evolution is an important issue in evolutionary biology. This thesis seeks to understand the diffusion mechanisms and information maintenance within a group studying social transmission of a choice of oviposition in Drosophila melanogaster. The first part of this thesis show social transmission occurrence of oviposition choice between informed demonstrator and naive observer females and try to determine social learning processes underlying. Social information transfer of oviposition choice occurs through direct interactions between demonstrators and observers. Analysis of these interactions by a video tracking method reveals a bidirectional information transfer: the more observers and demonstrators interact, the more observers gain oviposition choice behavior and the more demonstrators lose it. Personal information acquisition of oviposition choice by demonstrators is not sufficient to induce its transmission to observers, observers social learning seems to require special conditions. The second part of this thesis analyzes how social context influence social information use and how an individual realizes the balance between social and personal information use. The influence of group composition on social transmission efficiency is studied through different parameters such as the ratio between demonstrators and observers, group size, and the presence of genetic variability within the group. Flies show a “copy the majority” social learning strategy in their oviposition site choice behavior. Females acquire social information matching with their innate preference in presence of two contradictory social information. Group size does not affect the social transmission but perturbs demonstrator’s use of personal information. Genetic variability within the group stems from foraging gene polymorphism shows differences of social learning strategy between allelic variants. This thesis highlights a social learning use fully integrated into individuals’ decision-making and brings new elements on behavioral adaptation mechanisms based on social transmission processes
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Eickermann, Michael. "Effect of Brassica genotype on the infestation by cabbage stem weevil Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Mrsh.) (Col.: Curculionidae) and the parasitism of stem weevil larvae." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AB1A-4.
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Wielgoss, Arno Christian. "Services and disservices driven by ant communities in tropical agroforests." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-001D-AF1A-7.
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Lai, Hsin-Shun, and 賴信順. "Ovipositional choice and life history of the silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring) on six weeds." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82226286736832434557.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
昆蟲學研究所
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the life history of Bemisia argentifolii Bellow & Perring moving from three different crop types, viz crucifers, cucumbers and tomatoes, and poinsettia to six weeds serving as transient habitat around nethouse; including Ageratum houstonianum Mill., Bidens pilosa L. var. radiata Sch. Bip., Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore, Eclipta prostratan L., Emilia sonchifolia var. javanica and Solanum nigrum L.. In free choice tests, B. argentifolii preferred to lay more eggs on S. nigrum irrespective of its original host plant, especially those from cucumbers and tomatoes. In all tests, the rate of egg hatching was more than 93 %, indicating that neither original host plant nor weed species would influence the rate of egg hatching. During nymphal stage, the highest mortality occurred in the second instar, especially those feeding on E. sonchifolia (14.77 - 19.87%). Whiteflies on E. sonchifolia had the highest preadult mortality than those on other weeds, ranging from 34.78% to 44.90%. Only the preadult mortality of those feeding on S. nigrum could be significantly influenced by their host plant origins. Both developmental period and the nymphal developmental duration of the whiteflies on S. nigrum were the shortest, being 16.8d - 18.2d and 8.6d - 9.8d, respectively; while those on E. sonchifolia were the longest, being 22.2d - 23.2d and 12.8d - 14.2d, respectively. Growth index of B. argentifolii on S. nigrum was the highest (0.199 — 0.228), and that on E. sonchifolia the lowest (0.129 — 0.137). The emergence period for whiteflies on S. nigrum was the shortest (3-5d). Peak emergence of adults often occurred during daytime. We concluded that, among six weeds studied S. nigrum was the most suitable wild host and E. sonchifolia the poorest for B. argentifolii moving from crops to a transient habitat.
Book chapters on the topic "Oviposition choice"
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Nakagawa, Azusa, Akifumi Iwama, and Atsuo Mizukami. "Correlation of Chemoreception with Choice of Oviposition Site in Blowflies, Phormia regina." In Olfaction and Taste XI. Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68355-1_340.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Oviposition choice"
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Crava, Cristina M. "Ovipositor transcriptomes reveal an evolutionary conserved mechanism of oviposition substrate choice inDrosophila." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.117541.
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