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Saha, Goutam Kumar. "Web ontology language (OWL) and semantic web." Ubiquity 2007, September (September 2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1295289.1295290.
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Yang, Yuan. "Discussion on the Software Engineering Data Modeling in OWL." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1512.
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Web ontology language, which is discussed usually by people, is abbreviated as OWL. Actually, it specifically refers to the computer Web ontology language, namely a type of computer machine language. OWL is one of the very important components composing semantic Web technology. It is an ontology language that is recently offered by W3C especially for Web language, and its ontology working group makes a description to OWL through a series of documents. OWL is applicable to the description and modeling on the semantic aspects of complex data, and it can establish a flexible semantic model when a lot of complicated structures and rich semantic data are often derived in the development process of software system. All software engineering data systems are managed in modes. OWL, as an ontology language, has been widely valued in the IT industry. However, the development of OWL has been seriously restricted because it is difficult to understand.
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Li, Wei Jun. "Reverse Engineering OWL 2 Ontologies to UML Models." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3133.
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The OWL 2 Web Ontology Language is an ontology language for the Semantic Web with formally defined meaning and widely used in knowledge representation. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) can be applied for many of software, knowledge engineering and data modeling. For the sake of reusing the OWL 2 ontologies, we propose a reverse engineering approach of constructing UML models from OWL 2 ontologies. In this paper, we propose formalized definitions of OWL 2 ontologies and UML models, and then propose an approach of formally mapping OWL 2 ontologies to UML models.
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Liu, Chih Hao, and Jason Jen Yen Chen. "Dynamic, Customized Workflow Using BDI Agent and Semantic Web Service." Applied Mechanics and Materials 135-136 (October 2011): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.135-136.477.
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As the Web gradually evolves into the semantic web, the World Wide Web consortium (W3C) recommends that web ontology language (OWL) be used to encode semantic information content over the Web. Semantic web is an essential infrastructure to enhance Web to obtain better integration of information and intelligent use of web resources. Moreover, a web service is annotated by web ontology language for service (OWL-S) to form a semantic web service that, however, is a static description. The OWL-S based semantic web services thus are reactively invoked by users. How to dynamically coordinate, composite, or discover the services is an important issue.
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Pan, Wen Lin. "A Formal EXPRESS-to-OWL Mapping Algorithm." Key Engineering Materials 419-420 (October 2009): 689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.689.
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Network-based collaborative product development has become a trend in manufacturing industry, which depends on two key information technology: the Semantic Web and the standard for the exchange of product model data (STEP). EXPRESS is the STEP product data modeling language, and OWL is the standard ontology representing language used in the Semantic Web. Only when the EXPRESS models are converted to OWL models, product information can be exchanged at the Web. The ontology meta-modeling theory was employed to analysis the ontology definition metamodel of EXPRESS and OWL, in order to build up the mapping relationship between them. A formal EXPRESS-to-OWL mapping algorithm is then proposed, represented by abstract syntax.
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Wang, Gang, Jie Lin, Qing Qi Long, and Zhi Juan Hu. "OWL-Based Description for Agent." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 1218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.1218.
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This paper presents a detailed formal specification of agents and their properties and abilities,based on the Web Ontology Language (OWL). It allows an agent to be specified entirely using standard mark-up languages from the Semantic Web community, namely RDF, RDF Schemaand OWL. The basic agent components are identified and their implementation using ontology development tools is described.The description improves consistency, interoperability and maintainability of agent program. Therefore,the design errors in the early development stages could be efficiently detected and avoided.
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Song, Lan, Li Xia Lei, Hong Wang, and Jun Hong Hua. "Research on Ontology-Based Semantic Reasoning." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.136.
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As a new emerging web, semantic web, has recently drawn considerable attention from both academic and industry field. Nowadays, RDF, RDF Schema, OWL etc. have become commonly used languages in the Semantic Web. This paper describes the ontology language and description logic, shows the relationship of them, and finally presents a reasoning path for transitive closure in an ontology document.
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Jiang, Li Ping. "Designing Family Ontology with the Protégé OWL Plugin." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 836–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.836.
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The growing interest in the Semantic Web and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) will reveal the potential of Description Logics in industrial projects. The rich semantics of OWL provide powerful reasoning capabilities that help build, maintain and query domain models for many purposes. However, before OWL can unfold its full potential, user-friendly tools with a scalable architecture are required. In this paper, we design and edit the family ontology using Protégé OWL Plugin, which is developed by Stanford University.
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Djuric, Dragan. "MDA-based ontology infrastructure." Computer Science and Information Systems 1, no. 1 (2004): 91–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis0401091d.
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The paper presents Ontology Definition Metamodel (ODM) and Ontology UML Profile that enables using Model Driven Architecture (MDA) standards in ontological engineering. Other similar metamodels are based on ontology representation languages, such as RDF(S), DAML+OIL, etc. However, none of these other solutions uses the recent W3C effort-The Web Ontology Language (OWL). In our approach, we firstly define the ODM and Ontology UML Profile place in the context of the MDA four-layer architecture and identify the main OWL concepts. Then, we define ODM using Meta-Object Facility (MOF). The relations between similar MOF and OWL concepts are discussed in order to show their differences (e.g. MOF or UML Class and OWL Class). The proposed ODM is used as a starting point for defining Ontology UML profile that enables using the well-known UML notation in ontological engineering more extensively.
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Verhodubs, Olegs, and Janis Grundspenkis. "Algorithm of Ontology Transformation to Concept Map for Usage in Semantic Web Expert System." Applied Computer Systems 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acss-2013-0010.
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Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm of OWL (Web Ontology Language) ontology transformation to concept map for subsequent generation of rules and also to evaluate the efficiency of this algorithm. These generated rules are necessary to supplement and even to develop SWES (Semantic Web Expert System) knowledge base. This paper is a continuation of the earlier research of OWL ontology transformation to rules.
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LAM, TOBY H. W., JAMES N. K. LIU, and RAYMOND S. T. LEE. "MASTER: AN INTELLIGENT ONTOLOGY-BASED MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM FOR SIGHTSEER." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 19, no. 02 (March 2009): 137–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819400900412x.
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Recently, semantic web has received substantial attention from the research community. Semantic web aims to provide a new framework that can enable knowledge sharing and reusing. Semantic web is a collection of web technologies that include a number of markup languages such as RDF, OWL and RDFS. These markup languages are used for modeling a domain ontology. By using ontology to model resources, humans and computers (software agents) can have a consensus on the resource structure. The use of these technologies allows the creation of a more effective web search system. In this paper, we modeled travel domain ontology by using Web Ontology Language (OWL). Instead of inviting an expert to model the ontology, we created the travel ontology by collecting and analyzing the structural information from a number of travel related websites. Besides, we implemented an intelligent ontology-based Multi-Agent System for sighTseER (MASTER), which is constructed by using semantic web technologies. MASTER integrates Global Positioning System (GPS), ontology and agent technologies to support location awareness for providing the precise navigation and classify the tourist information for the users. The system was tested on 30 novice users. 83% of the users felt that the system can help tourists find tourist information in Hong Kong.
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Steigmiller, Andreas, and Birte Glimm. "Pay-As-You-Go Description Logic Reasoning by Coupling Tableau and Saturation Procedures." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 54 (December 17, 2015): 535–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4897.
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Nowadays, saturation-based reasoners for the OWL EL profile of the Web Ontology Language are able to handle large ontologies such as SNOMED very efficiently. However, it is currently unclear how saturation-based reasoning procedures can be extended to very expressive Description Logics such as SROIQ--the logical underpinning of the current and second iteration of the Web Ontology Language. Tableau-based procedures, on the other hand, are not limited to specific Description Logic languages or OWL profiles, but even highly optimised tableau-based reasoners might not be efficient enough to handle large ontologies such as SNOMED. In this paper, we present an approach for tightly coupling tableau- and saturation-based procedures that we implement in the OWL DL reasoner Konclude. Our detailed evaluation shows that this combination significantly improves the reasoning performance for a wide range of ontologies.
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Jean, Stéphane, Yamine Aït-Ameur, and Guy Pierra. "OntoQL: An Alternative to Semantic Web Query Languages." International Journal of Semantic Computing 09, no. 01 (March 2015): 105–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x1550004x.
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Ontologies are used in several application domains for representing knowledge. The defined approaches differ according to the type of addressed ontology (conceptual or linguistic) and to the used ontology model (e.g. OWL or PLIB). Several languages have been proposed to manipulate ontologies and their instances, especially in the Semantic Web domain. However these languages are often specific to a given ontology model, they focus on conceptual ontologies and they are not compatible with database exploitation languages. We address these three problems in this paper by proposing the OntoQL language. This language has three main original characteristics: (1) OntoQL is based on a core ontology model composed of the shared constructors of ontology models. This core ontology model can be extended by the language itself, (2) OntoQL queries can be expressed with different natural languages features using the linguistic layer of an ontology, and (3) OntoQL is fully compatible with SQL enabling a smooth integration between SQL queries of classical database applications and ontological queries. As a theoretical validation of this language, we present the algebra of operators that sets up its formal semantics. On the operational side, we describe the implementation of OntoQL on the OntoDB database and we illustrate the interest of this language by reporting several applications where this language has been extensively used and proved powerful.
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Yang, Shi Han, Jin Zhao Wu, and An Ping He. "Automatically Transforming Legacy XML Documents Into OWL Ontology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2638.
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It is a challenge to transform legacy XML-based data into ontology for applications of the semantic web, such as semantic-based integrations, intelligent web searching, and internet based knowledge reasoning. We propose a new technique to transform XML data into ontology data automatically by modeling XML documents semantically. Firstly, we provide the XML a semantically interpretation by developing a graph-based formal language, w-graph. Then, the result of the interpretation can be automatically mapped into OWL web ontology language with semantics preserved. The proof of semantics preserved also been considered, and automatic mapping tool has been developed.
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Gorskis, Henrihs, and Arkady Borisov. "Storing an OWL 2 Ontology in a Relational Database Structure." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 16, 2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2015vol3.168.
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<p class="R-AbstractKeywords"><span lang="EN-GB">This paper examines the possibility of storing OWL 2 based ontology information in a classical relational database and reviews some existing methods for ontology databases. In most cases a database is a fitting solution for storing and sharing information among systems, clients or agents. Similarly, in order to make domain ontology information more accessible to systems, in a comparable way, it can be stored and provided in a database form. As of today, there is no consensus on a specific ontology database structure. The main focus of this paper is specifically on OWL 2 as a basis for the description of ontology centric information in a database. The Web Ontology Language OWL 2 is a language for describing ontology information for the Semantic Web. As such it consists of a list of reserved words and grammatical rules for defining many parts of ontology knowledge. Based on this language specification this paper examines the possibility of storing information in a relational database for the description of domain ontology information. By creating a database structure based on OWL2 it is feasible to obtain an approach to storing information about the domain ontology in an utilizable way, by using its descriptive abilities. Nowadays multiple approaches to storing ontology information and OWL in databases exist; most of them are based on storing RDF data or provide persistence for specific OWL software libraries. The examination of the existing approaches provided in this paper, shows how they differ from the goal of obtaining a general, more easily usable and less software library specific database for domain ontology centric information. This paper describes a version of a simple relational database capable of holding and providing ontology knowledge on demand, which can be implemented on a database management system of choice. </span></p>
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Anh, Huỳnh Tuấn. "MÔ HÌNH HÓA TRI THỨC CHO MỘT CƠ SỞ DỮ LIỆU QUAN HỆ BẰNG ONTOLOGY WEB LANGUAGE." Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Đà Lạt 7, no. 2 (June 28, 2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.7.2.237(2017).
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Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi trình bày phương pháp mô hình hóa tri thức một cơ sở dữ liệu quan hệ bằng Ontology Web Language (OWL). Kết quả đạt được bao gồm các luật chuyển đổi dữ liệu từ cơ sở dữ liệu quan hệ sang Ontology và các Axiom bổ sung ngữ nghĩa cho một cơ sở dữ liệu quan hệ. Dựa trên các luật này, dữ liệu trong mô hình quan hệ có thể được chuyển đổi thành các bộ ba RDF/OWL cho các ứng dụng Sematic web.
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Wei, Bingyang, and Jing Sun. "Leveraging SPARQL Queries for UML Consistency Checking." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 31, no. 04 (April 2021): 635–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194021500170.
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Context and motivation: Multiple-viewed requirements modeling method describes the system to-be from different perspectives. Some requirements models are then specified in various UML diagrams. Question/problem: Managing those models can be tedious and error-prone, since a lot of CASE tools provide poor support for reasoning and consistency checking. Principal ideas/results: Ontology is a formal notation for describing concepts and their relations in a domain. Since software requirements are a kind of knowledge, we propose to adopt a knowledge engineering approach for managing the consistency of requirements models. In this paper, an ontology for three most commonly used UML diagrams is developed in Web Ontology Language (OWL). The transformation of UML class, sequence and state diagrams to OWL knowledge base is presented. Owing to the underlying logical reasoning capability of OWL, a semantic query language, SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language), is used to query the knowledge base for consistency checking. Contribution: This paper introduces a semantic web-based knowledge engineering approach to represent and manage software requirements knowledge in OWL. By experimenting with a concrete software system, we demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of this knowledge approach.
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Ghosh, Bhaswati, Partha S. Ghosh, and Iftikhar U. Sikder. "Modeling a Classification Scheme of Epileptic Seizures Using Ontology Web Language." International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2010072004.
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Ontology-based disease classification offers a way to rigorously assign disease types and to reuse diagnostic knowledge. However, ontology itself is not sufficient for fully representing the complex knowledge needed in classification schemes which are continuously evolving. This article describes the application of SWRL/OWL-DL to the representation of knowledge intended for proper classification of a complex neurological condition, namely epilepsy. The authors present a rigorous and expandable approach to the ontological classification of epileptic seizures based on the 1981ILAE classification. It provides a classification knowledge base that can be extended with rules that describe constraints in SWRL. Moreover, by transforming an OWL classification scheme into JESS (rule engine in Java platform) facts and by transforming SWRL constraints into JESS, logical inferences and reasoning provide a mechanism to discover new knowledge and facts. The logic representation of epileptic classification amounts to greater community understanding among practitioners, knowledge reuse and interoperability.
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Li, Yan Ling, Yi Duo Liang, and Jun Zhai. "Fuzzy Knowledge Representation Based on Fuzzy Linguistic Variable Ontology and SWRL on the Semantic Web." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 1707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.1707.
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Ontology is adopted as a standard for knowledge representation on the Semantic Web, and Ontology Web Language (OWL) is used to add structure and meaning to web applications. In order to share and resue the fuzzy knowledge on the Semantic Web, we propose the fuzzy linguistic variables ontology (FLVO), which utilizes ontology to represent formally the fuzzy linguistic variables and defines the semantic relationships between fuzzy concepts. Then fuzzy rules are described in Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) on the basis of FLVO model. Taking a sample case for students’ performance in physics for example, the fuzzy rule management system is built by using the tool protégé and SWRLTab, which shows that this research enables distributed fuzzy applications on the Semantic Web.
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Alatrish, Emhimed, Dusan Tosic, and Nikola Milenkovic. "Building ontologies for different natural languages." Computer Science and Information Systems 11, no. 2 (2014): 623–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis130429023a.
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Ontology construction of a certain domain is an important step in applying the Semantic web. A number of software tools adapted for building domain ontologies of most wide-spread natural languages are available, but accomplishing that for any given natural language presents a challenge. Here we propose a semi-automatic procedure to create ontologies for different natural languages. Our approach utilizes various software tools available on the Internet most notably DODDLE-OWL - a domain ontology development tool implemented for English and Japanese languages. By using this tool, WordNet, Prot?g? and XSLT transformations, we propose a general procedure to construct domain ontology for any natural language.
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SAMUEL, KEN, LEO OBRST, SUZETTE STOUTENBERG, KAREN FOX, PAUL FRANKLIN, ADRIAN JOHNSON, KEN LASKEY, DEBORAH NICHOLS, STEVE LOPEZ, and JASON PETERSON. "Translating OWL and semantic web rules into prolog: Moving toward description logic programs." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 8, no. 3 (May 2008): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068407003249.
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AbstractWe are researching the interaction between the rule and the ontology layers of the Semantic Web, by comparing two options: 1) using OWL and its rule extension SWRL to develop an integrated ontology/rule language, and 2) layering rules on top of an ontology with RuleML and OWL. Toward this end, we are developing the SWORIER system, which enables efficient automated reasoning on ontologies and rules, by translating all of them into Prolog and adding a set of general rules that properly capture the semantics of OWL. We have also enabled the user to make dynamic changes on the fly, at run time. This work addresses several of the concerns expressed in previous work, such as negation, complementary classes, disjunctive heads, and cardinality, and it discusses alternative approaches for dealing with inconsistencies in the knowledge base. In addition, for efficiency, we implemented techniques called extensionalization, avoiding reanalysis, and code minimization.
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Ma, Zongmin, Haitao Cheng, and Li Yan. "Automatic Construction of OWL Ontologies From Petri Nets." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 15, no. 1 (January 2019): 21–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2019010102.
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Ontology, as a formal representation method of domain knowledge, plays a particular important key role in semantic web. How to construct ontologies has become a key technology in the semantic web, especially constructing ontologies from existing domain knowledge. Currently, Petri nets have been a mathematical modeling tool, and have been widely studied and successfully applied in modeling of software engineering, database and artificial intelligence. In particular, PNML (Petri Net Markup Language) language has been a part of ISO/IEC Petri nets standard for representing and exchanging data on Petri nets. Therefore, how to construct ontologies from PNML model of Petri nets needs to be investigated. In this article, the authors investigate a method for automatic construction of web ontology language (OWL) ontologies from PNML of Petri nets. Firstly, this paper gives a formal definition and the semantics of PNML models of Petri nets. On this basis, a formal approach for constructing OWL ontologies from PNML model of Petri nets is proposed, i.e., this paper transforms Petri nets (including PNML model and PNML document of the Petri nets) into OWL ontologies at both structure and instance levels. Furthermore, the correctness of the transformation is proved. Finally, a prototype construction tool called PN2OWL is developed to transform Petri nets models into OWL ontologies automatically.
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Hemam, Mounir, and Zizette Boufaïda. "MVP-OWL: a multi-viewpoints ontology language for the Semantic Web." International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems 3, no. 3/4 (2011): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijris.2011.043539.
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Zhai, Zhaoyu, José-Fernán Martínez Ortega, Néstor Lucas Martínez, and Pedro Castillejo. "A Rule-Based Reasoner for Underwater Robots Using OWL and SWRL." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 16, 2018): 3481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103481.
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Web Ontology Language (OWL) is designed to represent varied knowledge about things and the relationships of things. It is widely used to express complex models and address information heterogeneity of specific domains, such as underwater environments and robots. With the help of OWL, heterogeneous underwater robots are able to cooperate with each other by exchanging information with the same meaning and robot operators can organize the coordination easier. However, OWL has expressivity limitations on representing general rules, especially the statement “If … Then … Else …”. Fortunately, the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) has strong rule representation capabilities. In this paper, we propose a rule-based reasoner for inferring and providing query services based on OWL and SWRL. SWRL rules are directly inserted into the ontologies by several steps of model transformations instead of using a specific editor. In the verification experiments, the SWRL rules were successfully and efficiently inserted into the OWL-based ontologies, obtaining completely correct query results. This rule-based reasoner is a promising approach to increase the inference capability of ontology-based models and it achieves significant contributions when semantic queries are done.
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Bassiliades, Nick. "A Tool for Transforming Semantic Web Rule Language to SPARQL Infererecing Notation." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 16, no. 1 (January 2020): 87–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2020010105.
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Semantic web rule language (SWRL) combines web ontology language (OWL) ontologies with horn logic rules of the rule markup language (RuleML) family. Being supported by ontology editors, rule engines and ontology reasoners, it has become a very popular choice for developing rule-based applications on top of ontologies. However, SWRL is probably not going to become a WWW Consortium standard, prohibiting industrial acceptance. On the other hand, SPARQL Inferencing Notation (SPIN) has become a de-facto industry standard to represent SPARQL rules and constraints on semantic web models, building on the widespread acceptance of SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language). In this article, we argue that the life of existing SWRL rule-based ontology applications can be prolonged by converting them to SPIN. To this end, we have developed the SWRL2SPIN tool in Prolog that transforms SWRL rules into SPIN rules, considering the object-orientation of SPIN, i.e. linking rules to the appropriate ontology classes and optimizing them, as derived by analysing the rule conditions.
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Pellen, Florian, Sylvain Bouquin, Isabelle Mougenot, and Régine Vignes-Lebbe. "Building an OWL ontology with Xper3." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 21, 2018): e25614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25614.
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Xper3 (Vignes Lebbe et al. 2016) is a collaborative knowledge base publishing platform that, since its launch in november 2013, has been adopted by over 2 thousand users (Pinel et al. 2017). This is mainly due to its user friendly interface and the simplicity of its data model. The data are stored in MySQL Relational DBs, but the exchange format uses the TDWG standard format SDD (Structured Descriptive DataHagedorn et al. 2005). However, each Xper3 knowledge base is a closed world that the author(s) may or may not share with the scientific community or the public via publishing content and/or identification key (Kopfstein 2016). The explicit taxonomic, geographic and phenotypic limits of a knowledge base are not always well defined in the metadata fields. Conversely terminology vocabularies, such as Phenotype and Trait Ontology PATO and the Plant Ontology PO, and software to edit them, such as Protégé and Phenoscape, are essential in the semantic web, but difficult to handle for biologist without computer skills. These ontologies constitute open worlds, and are expressed themselves by RDF triples (Resource Description Framework). Protégé offers vizualisation and reasoning capabilities for these ontologies (Gennari et al. 2003, Musen 2015). Our challenge is to combine the user friendliness of Xper3 with the expressive power of OWL (Web Ontology Language), the W3C standard for building ontologies. We therefore focused on analyzing the representation of the same taxonomic contents under Xper3 and under different models in OWL. After this critical analysis, we chose a description model that allows automatic export of SDD to OWL and can be easily enriched. We will present the results obtained and their validation on two knowledge bases, one on parasitic crustaceans (Sacculina) and the second on current ferns and fossils (Corvez and Grand 2014). The evolution of the Xper3 platform and the perspectives offered by this link with semantic web standards will be discussed.
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Thúy, Phạm Thị Thu. "RDB2OWL: AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR CONVERTING RELATIONAL DATABASES INTO OWL." Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Đà Lạt 7, no. 2 (June 28, 2017): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.7.2.233(2017).
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Một trong những lợi thế của Semantic Web là để mô tả dữ liệu với một ý nghĩa rõ ràng và liên kết giữa các dữ liệu bằng cách sử dụng ngôn ngữ OWL (Web Ontology Language). Ngày nay hầu hết các dữ liệu được lưu trữ trong cơ sở dữ liệu quan hệ. Để tận dụng lại các dữ liệu này, cần thiết phải có phương pháp chuyển dữ liệu lưu trữ trong cơ sở dữ liệu quan hệ vào định dạng của OWL Ontology. Một số phương pháp đã được đề xuất, tuy nhiên, hầu hết các quy tắc chuyển đổi đã không được hoàn chỉnh. Bài báo này đề xuất một số quy tắc cải thiện trong việc chuyển đổi cơ sở dữ liệu quan hệ sang OWL Ontology. Ngoài ra, tất cả các bước chuyển đổi trong thuật toán RDB2OWL được thực hiện tự động mà không cần bất kỳ sự can thiệp của người dùng.
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Sedbrook, Tod, and Richard I. Newmark. "Automating REA Policy Level Specifications with Semantic Web Technologies." Journal of Information Systems 22, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 249–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jis.2008.22.2.249.
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ABSTRACT: Enterprise modelers require tools and techniques that consistently represent and logically apply domain knowledge. Current modeling approaches rely on entity relationship or unified modeling diagrams to represent semantic descriptions of business exchanges. However, it remains difficult to transform the implicit metadata, ontologies, and logic embedded in diagrams into a coherent form that can be interpreted by machines and delivered across the web. This study explores the uniting of machine processing capabilities of semantic web technologies with resource event agent (REA) enterprise ontologies to model complex multienterprise partnerships. Web Ontology Language (OWL) and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) were used to model REA policies for a distributed e-commerce partnership selling nearly new vehicles. We combine a specialized REA application ontology with semantic technologies to direct multienterprise collaborations. We present a prototype that encodes the ontology's concepts within OWL and SWRL and explore these machine-readable representations within the context of a case study.
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Gasevic, Dragan. "Petri nets on the semantic web guidelines and infrastructure." Computer Science and Information Systems 1, no. 2 (2004): 127–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis0402127g.
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This paper gives the Petri net ontology as the most important element in providing Petri net support for the Semantic Web. Available Petri net formal descriptions are: metamodels, UML profiles, ontologies and syntax. Metamodels are useful, but their main purpose is for Petri net tools. Although the current Petri-net community effort Petri Net Markup Language (PNML) is XML-based, it lacks a precise definition of semantics. Existing Petri net ontologies are partial solutions specialized for a specific problem. In order to show current Petri net model sharing features we use P3 tool that uses PNML/XSLT-based approach for model sharing. This paper suggests developing the Petri net ontology to represent semantics appropriately. This Petri net ontology is described using UML, Resource Description Framework (Schema) RDF(S) and the Web Ontology Language-OWL.
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Ren, Min, and Feng Yang. "Research on Emergency Plan Ontology Model." Advanced Materials Research 488-489 (March 2012): 1288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.488-489.1288.
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Emergency plan is a project document to guide and deal with public emergency events, and also is the core of emergency management. Nowadays, most emergency plans in China exist in non-semantic form and are difficult to play roles effectively. Ontology is an important method to describe semantic model. Therefore, in this paper, emergency plan ontology model is constructed by ontology technology of semantic Web and Web Ontology Language OWL, which formally describes the conceptions of emergency plan and the relations between them. Finally, the model is used in ontology-based semantic retrieval system, and improves the retrieval recall and precision.
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Zhao, Yuan Yuan, Quan Liu, Wen Jun Xu, and Lu Gao. "Modeling of Resources Capability for Manufacturing Equipments in Cloud Manufacturing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.447.
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Being a kind of actual resources, manufacturing equipment resources (MERs) need to be virtualized and encapsulated into services. Our proposed works mainly focus on manufacturing capability of MERs that is consisted of two aspects: static functional capability and dynamic production capability, and relationship between related concepts so as to model MERs by ontology web language (OWL) that is based on semantic. In this paper, firstly, ontology based methodology within manufacture field is developed according to cloud manufacturing characters. Secondly, manufacturing capability is studied from functional attribute capability and production capability, then, the related concepts classes and relationship are analyzed, with the special properties defined to describe these classes based on semantic. Thirdly, the built in model is described by OWL (ontology web language) using protégé tool and an instance of MER is built based on the proposed model to express its manufacturing capability. Finally, this model is applied to Cloud MERs service platform, which is constructed for a given enterprise group, to provide MERs services. Moreover, Web Service is used in the platform to realize the sharing of the provided services.
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Bouaicha, Souad, and Zizette Boufaida. "SWRLx." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 12, no. 2 (April 2016): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiit.2016040104.
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Although OWL (Web Ontology Language) and SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) add considerable expressiveness to the Semantic Web, they do have expressive limitations. For some reasoning problems, it is necessary to modify existing knowledge in an ontology. This kind of problem cannot be fully resolved by OWL and SWRL, as they only support monotonic inference. In this paper, the authors propose SWRLx (Extended Semantic Web Rule Language) as an extension to the SWRL rules. The set of rules obtained with SWRLx are posted to the Jess engine using rewrite meta-rules. The reason for this combination is that it allows the inference of new knowledge and storing it in the knowledge base. The authors propose a formalism for SWRLx along with its implementation through an adaptation of different object-oriented techniques. The Jess rule engine is used to transform these techniques to the Jess model. The authors include a demonstration that demonstrates the importance of this kind of reasoning. In order to verify their proposal, they use a case study inherent to interpretation of a preventive medical check-up.
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Xue, Dong Juan, and Wen Xiao Zhang. "Design and Implement of Dynamic Context-Aware Monitoring System Based on OWL." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 601–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.601.
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Context-aware applications can sense and explore the context of production processes to provide proper and useful services to managers in workshop. The monitoring levels are partitioned and designed in this article. And the multi-level ontology model of materials is found which is expressed in the Web Ontology Language (i.e. OWL) as a ontology collection of describing places ages and events and associated properties among them. Within an intelligent monitoring system, dynamic adjusting algorithm of linking local coordination with global coordination for lacking parts is brought forward and dynamic coordination structure is put up based on event-driven architecture. Context-aware reactive behaviors can be expressed by using rules written in OWL Language, especially developed for context-aware applications.
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Mladenović, Miljana, Staša Vujičić Stanković, and Vesna Pajić. "Two Ways for the Automatic Generation of Application Ontologies by Using BalkaNet." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 16, no. 2 (April 2020): 18–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2020040102.
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This article presents two methods for the automatic generation of application ontologies from the multilingual BalkaNet WordNets Web ontology language (OWL) representation. Both proposed methods are applied on the BalkaNet WordNets ontology for the Serbian language (SerWN). The first one uses only the SerWN, both for generating class hierarchy and instances of classes, while the other method combines the SerWN with a domain ontology. The first method was used to automatically generate the FoodOntology, whereas the second method to generate the ontology of rhetorical figures tropes. Preliminary evaluation results corroborate the soundness of the approach. Since BN consists of individual WNs for five Balkan languages and Czech, the methodology presented in this article can also be used for all these languages. The first method can also be used for other domains.
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An, JungHyen, and Young B. Park. "Methodology for Automatic Ontology Generation Using Database Schema Information." Mobile Information Systems 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1359174.
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An ontology is a model language that supports the functions to integrate conceptually distributed domain knowledge and infer relationships among the concepts. Ontologies are developed based on the target domain knowledge. As a result, methodologies to automatically generate an ontology from metadata that characterize the domain knowledge are becoming important. However, existing methodologies to automatically generate an ontology using metadata are required to generate the domain metadata in a predetermined template, and it is difficult to manage data that are increased on the ontology itself when the domain OWL (Ontology Web Language) individuals are continuously increased. The database schema has a feature of domain knowledge and provides structural functions to efficiently process the knowledge-based data. In this paper, we propose a methodology to automatically generate ontologies and manage the OWL individual through an interaction of the database and the ontology. We describe the automatic ontology generation process with example schema and demonstrate the effectiveness of the automatically generated ontology by comparing it with existing ontologies using the ontology quality score.
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Ye, Kang, Shanshan Wang, Jiaqi Yan, Huaiqing Wang, and Baiqi Miao. "Ontologies for crisis contagion management in financial institutions." Journal of Information Science 35, no. 5 (June 11, 2009): 548–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551509105194.
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What makes crisis management in financial institutions fairly unique and particularly complex is the accompanying crisis contagion or systemic risk. The subprime mortgage crisis currently happening in the USA is a typical example. In order to further deepen our understanding of how crisis contagion occurs and enhance information interchange and knowledge sharing among related entities, ontologies for crisis contagion management in financial institutions are proposed in this study. Three categories of ontologies, which include static ontology, dynamic ontology, and social ontology, are developed to deal with different perspectives in this domain. The three types of ontology are then united in the Ontology Web Language (OWL) and the Semantic Web Rules Languages (SWRL) framework, both of which are machine readable. Finally, the case of Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM) is offered to demonstrate how the proposed ontologies are used in financial institutions.
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Liu, Zhi Hai, Qing Liang Zeng, Cheng Long Wang, and Yu Shan Li. "Research of Equipment Selection and Matching Expert System in Fully Mechanized Caving Face Based on Ontology." Key Engineering Materials 419-420 (October 2009): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.117.
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The technologies of expert system, ontology modeling and reasoning are studied and applied in this paper. A framework of ontology-based expert system for equipment selection and matching in fully mechanized caving face is built up. The OWL(Web Ontology Language) based equipment knowledge base is set up, and the redundant test is made in the protégé environment. The equipment selection and matching rules are built up by using SWRL(Semantic Web Rule Language). By using JAVA language, the output of equipment selection expert system is optimized based on the theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process. At last, the functions of the expert system are achieved under JESS(Java Expert System Shell) environment. Practical application shows that the equipments selected and matched by ontology-based expert system are more realistic.
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Roldan-Molina, Gabriela R., Jose R. Mendez, Iryna Yevseyeva, and Vitor Basto-Fernandes. "Ontology Fixing by Using Software Engineering Technology." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 6328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186328.
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This paper presents OntologyFixer, a web-based tool that supports a methodology to build, assess, and improve the quality of ontology web language (OWL) ontologies. Using our software, knowledge engineers are able to fix low-quality OWL ontologies (such as those created from natural language documents using ontology learning processes). The fixing process is guided by a set of metrics and fixing mechanisms provided by the tool, and executed primarily through automated changes (inspired by quick fix actions used in the software engineering domain). To evaluate the quality, the tool supports numerical and graphical quality assessments, focusing on ontology content and structure attributes. This tool follows principles, and provides features, typical of scientific software, including user parameter requests, logging, multithreading execution, and experiment repeatability, among others. OntologyFixer architecture takes advantage of model view controller (MVC), strategy, template, and factory design patterns; and decouples graphical user interfaces (GUI) from ontology quality metrics, ontology fixing, and REST (REpresentational State Transfer) API (Application Programming Interface) components (used for pitfall identification, and ontology evaluation). We also separate part of the OntologyFixer functionality into a new package called OntoMetrics, which focuses on the identification of symptoms and the evaluation of the quality of ontologies. Finally, OntologyFixer provides mechanisms to easily develop and integrate new quick fix methods.
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Kremen, Petr, and Bogdan Kostov. "Expressive OWL Queries." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 8, no. 4 (October 2012): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jswis.2012100104.
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Web Ontology Language ontologies become more and more popular in complex domain modeling for their high expressiveness, flexibility and well defined semantics. Although query languages adequate in expressiveness to OWL reasoning capabilities were introduced before, their implementations are rather limited. In this paper, the authors study SPARQL-DLNOT, an extension of one of these query languages, SPARQL-DL, and present novel evaluation and optimization techniques for efficient SPARQL-DLNOT execution. As queries become complex easily, they also present a novel graph-based visualization that simplifies query construction and maintenance. Presented techniques and algorithms were implemented in the Pellet reasoner and in their novel Protégé plug-in OWL2Query.
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Bouougada, Benamar, Djelloul Bouchiha, Redha Rebhi, Ali Kidar, Giulio Lorenzini, Abdelghani Bouziane, Hijaz Ahmad, and Younes Menni. "Mapping Relational Database to OWL Ontology Based on MDE Settings." Revue d'Intelligence Artificielle 35, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ria.350305.
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Ontology is an important aspect of the semantic web, which is why semantic web developers are interested in constructing ontology in various applications based on domain experts. By transforming an existing application database into ontology, we many construct ontologies without having to hire an expert in the field. Model-driven engineering is the foundation of the suggested strategy (MDE). In a nutshell, the technique is divided into two phases, the first of which attempts to prepare the data needed for the transformation in the form of a model with a database. A compliance relationship between this model and its meta-model is required. Phase (2) applies a set of rules written in the Atlas Transformational Language to change the model produced in the first phase into another model, which is an OWL ontology (ATL). We tested our solution using a set of databases created specifically for this purpose and built it in an eclipse environment using an EMF and ATL transform language. The acquired findings demonstrate the strength and efficacy of the recommended strategy.
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Warrender, Jennifer D., Anthony V. Moorman, and Phillip Lord. "A fully computational and reasonable representation for karyotypes." Bioinformatics 35, no. 24 (June 22, 2019): 5264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz440.
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Abstract Summary The human karyotype has been used as a mechanism for describing and detecting gross abnormalities in the genome for many decades. It is used both for routine diagnostic purposes and for research to further our understanding of the causes of disease. Despite these important applications there has been no rigorous computational representation of the karyotype; rather an informal, string-based representation is used, making it hard to check, organize and search data of this form. In this article, we describe our use of OWL, the Ontology Web Language, to generate a fully computational representation of the karyotype; the development of this ontology represents a significant advance from the traditional bioinformatics use for tagging and navigation and has necessitated the development of a new ontology development environment called Tawny-OWL. Availability and implementation The Karyotype Ontology and associated Tawny-OWL source code is available on GitHub at https://github.com/jaydchan/tawny-karyotype, under a LGPL License, Version 3.0.
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Pradel, Michael, Jakob Henriksson, and Uwe Aßmann. "A Good Role Model for Ontologies." International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 6, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeis.2010120201.
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Although ontologies are gaining more and more acceptance, they are often not engineered in a componentbased manner due to, among various reasons, a lack of appropriate constructs in current ontology languages. This hampers reuse and makes creating new ontologies from existing building blocks difficult. We propose to apply the notion of roles and role modeling to ontologies and present an extension of the Web Ontology Language OWL for this purpose. Ontological role models allow for clearly separating different concerns of a domain and constitute an intuitive reuse unit.
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Liang, Yi Fang, Yan Ru Zhong, Mei Fa Huang, and Cong Wen Zeng. "Ontology-Based Assembly Design Representation for Model Reuse." Applied Mechanics and Materials 775 (July 2015): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.775.484.
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Assembly is an important part in production and development of complex products. Flexible assembly retrieval is one of the key issues to find the reusable model. The main objective of this paper is to extend the model of ontology-based assembly design for model reuse. Firstly, we propose a representation of assembly structural data including topological structure, assembly semantics, and geometrical information. Secondly, we enrich assembly design (AsD) ontology for knowledge captured and shared in Web Ontology Language 2 Description Logic (OWL 2 DL) and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). And then, we define the matching strategies and similarity assessment for two matched models. Finally, we illustrate the validity of assembly design representation for model reuse through experiments.
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Bastola, Rama, and Subarna Shakya. "Developing Domain Ontology for Issuing Certificate of Citizenship of Nepal." June 2020 2, no. 2 (May 16, 2020): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2020.2.001.
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Most of the existing software systems are web-based and interactive. Semantic Web Technologies further allows for organizing and encoding information meaningfully. It enables software agents to interpret the information. However, the representation of information in different format has made challenging to interoperate among the heterogeneous systems. The representation of heterogeneous system with common standards and vocabularies is an effective solution for interoperability. For this, development of domain ontology is required for common understanding of the concept. The research work is mainly focused on development of domain ontology for issuing Citizenship of Nepal as e-government is widely considered as a good example of heterogeneous system. Protégé is used as ontology editor and Web Ontology Language (OWL) is used for representation of the concepts. A hybrid methodology with Unified Modelling Language (UML) is used to get in-depth concept of the domain. The domain ontology is verified using built-in reasoner of Protégé and validated with answering competency questions of the domain using SPARQL query.
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Hwang, Jae W., and Shmuel Rotenstreich. "A Policy-Based Team Collaboration." International Journal of e-Collaboration 8, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jec.2012010101.
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This paper presents a policy-based coordination model for team collaboration. Team collaboration requires an agreement that utilizes a negotiation protocol to find candidate teams and to decide on a collaboration partner. The decision relies on policies that are rules governing team situations in an organization. Contexts and rules allow reasoning about team situations. The authors describe a policy-based negotiation protocol. It introduces an ontology-based whiteboard component that uses the Semantic Web technologies such as Web Ontology Language (OWL), Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), and Semantic Query-enhanced Web Rule Language (SQWRL). The negotiation protocol facilitates whiteboards as a computational foundation for awareness of situations and policies, and it assists with the final decision using a measure based on the combination of rule-based queries and functions.
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Sad-Houari, Nawal, Noria Taghezout, and Aissa Nador. "A knowledge-based model for managing the ontology evolution: case study of maintenance in SONATRACH." Journal of Information Science 45, no. 4 (October 3, 2018): 529–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551518802261.
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The challenges of the development of a suitable ontology scheme in decision-making environment should be taken in conjunction with the exploitation of more recent technologies. It is expected that the use of ontologies will lead to the construction of more intelligent applications, allowing them to work more specifically at a human conceptual level. We propose in this article an approach that analyses the impact of changes in the ontology on business rules in order to detect inconsistencies that may be generated. In addition, the developed tool provides solutions to repair inconsistencies with the help of domain experts. In our work, business rules are edited from the concepts and properties that are stored in an OWL (Web Ontology Language) ontology named OntoloG. This latter is implemented throughout the use of Protégé 4.0.2.with the OWL sub-language. OntoloG has been developed by the knowledge acquisition from documents, collection and capitalisation of business rules process with experts in SONATRACH AVAL.
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Khvorenkov, D. A. "Process Ontology Web-editor." Intellekt. Sist. Proizv. 18, no. 3 (November 17, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2410-9304-2020-3-72-76.
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Онтологии и базы знаний онтологического типа являются непременным компонентом современных систем обработки и анализа информации. В статье рассматривается актуальность использования баз знаний, некоторые перспективные направления применения баз знаний в информационных системах. Рассматриваются некоторые существующие редакторы баз знаний, характерные для них проблемы с пользовательским интерфейсом и причины возникновения этих проблем. Предлагается решение некоторых из этих проблем, основанное на расширении возможностей редактора по построению моделей со сложными связями и на ограничении функциональности, мало используемой рядовыми пользователями. Предлагается программная система для создания OWL (Ontology Web Language) – баз знаний онтологического типа, ориентированных на накопление знаний о процессах – работах и ресурсах. Система предназначена для создания машиночитаемых терминов и определений предметной области, которые необходимы для автоматизации процессов извлечения знаний из данных. С другой стороны, такая система будет полезна специалистам как иерархически организованная справочная система, где корректность задаваемых определений контролируется машиной. Система характеризуется простым и наглядным интерфейсом, призванным задействовать навыки, получаемые экспертами предметных областей в ходе профессиональной деятельности.
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Sinaga, Arnaldo Marulitua, Rini Juliana Sipahutar, and Dian Ira Putri Hutasoit. "Penerapan Ontology Web Language pada Domain Ulos Batak Toba." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.201854903.
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<p class="Abstrak">Indonesia adalah salah satu negara di dunia yang kaya akan keanekaragaman budaya. Keanekaragaman budaya ini diakibatkan banyaknya suku di Indonesia. Setiap suku memiliki kekhasan masing-masing termasuk kekhasan dalam kain tradisional. Salah satunya adalah ulos, kain tradisional suku Batak Toba. Ulos merupakan simbol sakral dalam adat istiadat suku Batak Toba. Ulos terdiri dari berbagai macam jenis, motif, warna, makna hingga fungsi. Namun sangat disayangkan bahwa informasi mengenai ulos belum terdokumentasi dengan baik. Informasi didapatkan secara turun temurun dari satu generasi ke generasi lain yang memungkinkan informasi tersebut hilang. Selain itu, beberapa sumber yang ada juga menyajikan informasi yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, ontologi bisa menjadi salah satu solusi untuk membantu mengelola informasi yang sudah ada supaya lebih terorganisir. Ontologi membantu memformalkan semua <em>vocabulary</em> pada domain ulos. <em>Vocabulary</em> itu kemudian dalam ontologi disebut sebagai konsep. Konsep tersebut akan saling berkaitan satu sama lain sehingga dapat dilihat sebagai suatu bentuk kesatuan (<em>linked</em> data) yang membentuk pola yang terstruktur. Kondisi ini yang kemudian mendukung pencarian dengan hasil yang bernilai semantik karena pola data yang disediakan saling berkaitan satu sama lain. Ontologi tersebut dapat direprentasikan menggunakan Web Ontology Language (OWL) yang merupakan <em>vocabulary extension</em> dari Resource Descriptive Framework (RDF). Kemudian untuk proses <em>retrieving</em> data akan menggunakan SPARQL.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Judul2"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><em> </em></p><p class="Judul2" align="left"><em>Indonesia is a very rich country in cultural diversity. Most of the ethnic groups have their own uniqueness including the peculiarities in traditional textiles. One of them is Ulos, traditional cloth of Batak Toba. Ulos is a sacred symbol in the Batak traditions. Ulos consists of various types, motifs, colors, meanings and functions. However, it is unfortunate that information of Ulos has not been well documented. This cultural heritage is well-transferred from generation to generation. The existing sources sometime provide different information. Therefore, ontology can be one solution to help manage existing information to be more well-organized. Ontology helps formalize all vocabularies on the Ulos domain. The vocabulary in the ontology is called as a concept. The concepts are related to each other so that it can be seen as a linked data that form a structured pattern. This feature supports information searching with semantic value. The ontology of Ulos Batak Toba has been developed by using Web Ontology Language (OWL), which is a vocabulary extension of the Resource Descriptive Framework (RDF). Then for the data retrieving process we use SPARQL</em></p><p class="Abstrak"> </p>
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Sun, Xiaolei, Yu Zhang, and Jing Chen. "High-Level Smart Decision Making of a Robot Based on Ontology in a Search and Rescue Scenario." Future Internet 11, no. 11 (October 31, 2019): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11110230.
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The search and rescue (SAR) scenario is complex and uncertain where a robot needs to understand the scenario to make smart decisions. Aiming at the knowledge representation (KR) in the field of SAR, this paper builds an ontology model that enables a robot to understand how to make smart decisions. The ontology is divided into three parts, namely entity ontology, environment ontology, and task ontology. Web Ontology Language (OWL) is adopted to represent these three types of ontology. Through ontology and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules, the robot infers the tasks to be performed according to the environment state and at the same time obtains the semantic information of the victims. Then, the paper proposes an ontology-based algorithm for task planning to get a sequence of atomic actions so as to complete the high-level inferred task. In addition, an indoor experiment was designed and built for the SAR scenario using a real robot platform—TurtleBot3. The correctness and usability of the ontology and the proposed methods are verified by experiments.
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Zhang, Tie Feng, Shu Juan Han, and Jian Wei Gu. "Modeling and Mapping Implementation of Substation Knowledge Ontology Based on Protégé." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 786–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.786.
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Based on the basic knowledge of ontology and protégé, and the deficiency of semantic expression in the IEC61850 and IEC61970 Standard, this paper puts forward a mapping method from SCL to CIM, adopting Web Ontology Language OWL to build the semantic information model of SCL and CIM of substation knowledge ontology. In substation model, this mapping method could solve the problem of information sharing and interoperation between digitized substation and dispatch master station, and lay a foundation for further research on fusion of the two standards.