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Journal articles on the topic 'Oxford Stringency Index'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Doti, James L. "Examining the impact of socioeconomic variables on COVID-19 death rates at the state level." Journal of Bioeconomics 23, no. 1 (2021): 15–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10818-021-09309-9.

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AbstractThis study uses a step-wise regression model to identify the socioeconomic variables most significant in explaining COVID-19 death rates on a state-level basis. The regression tests cover the 1/1/2020 to 12/1/2020 period as well as the first and second halves of 2020. This study also uses the Oxford stringency index to measure more precisely the efficacy of governmental mandates at the state level. The results in this study rigorously showed that while the density variables were the most significant explanatory variables during the first half of the year, their significance fell during

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Chantzaras, Athanasios, and John Yfantopoulos. "The impact of COVID-19 pandemic and its associations with government responses in Europe." Region & Periphery 13, no. 13 (2022): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/rp.30758.

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Although stringent containment strategies are generally effective in slowing COVID-19 transmission, they also entail severe socioeconomic implications. This study uses aggregated data from Eurostat and the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) to quantify changes in GDP and their association with the stringency index. We examine the evolution of Covid-19 cases and deaths per 100.000 thousand inhabitants in Europe and discuss the impact on the economy. On average, EU member states witnessed an 11.4% reduction in their GDP, due to the COVID-19 crisis. The impact on the southern me

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Wang, Yan. "Does Governance Quality Matter for the Selection of Policy Stringency to Fight COVID-19?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (2022): 6679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116679.

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Independent of different national conditions, an indisputable fact is that the worldwide governments should play a role in fighting the ongoing COVID-19. To make clear the determinants of government response to tackle COVID-19, I investigate the impact of governance quality. To do so, I newly create an overall governance index based on six dimensions of Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) from the World Bank to proxy governance quality. I regress the overall governance index with controls on the stringency index from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker database. Using pooled and

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Cross, Megan, Shu-Kay Ng, and Paul Scuffham. "Trading Health for Wealth: The Effect of COVID-19 Response Stringency." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (2020): 8725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238725.

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International governments’ COVID-19 responses must balance human and economic health. Beyond slowing viral transmission, strict lockdowns have severe economic consequences. This work investigated response stringency, quantified by the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker’s Stringency Index, and examined how restrictive interventions affected infection rates and gross domestic product (GDP) in China and OECD countries. Accounting for response timing, China imposed the most stringent restrictions, while Sweden and Japan were the least stringent. Expected GDP declines range from −8% (Japan

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Chen, Shu, Lei Guo, Taghred Alghaith, et al. "Effective COVID-19 Control: A Comparative Analysis of the Stringency and Timeliness of Government Responses in Asia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (2021): 8686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168686.

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Aim: Many governments in East and Southeast Asia responded promptly and effectively at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Synthesizing and analyzing these responses is vital for disease control evidence-based policymaking. Methods: An extensive review of COVID-19 control measures was conducted in selected Asian countries and subregions, including Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, Japan, and Vietnam from 1 January to 30 May 2020. Control measures were categorized into administrative, public health, and health system measures. To evaluate the stringency and timeliness o

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Burdekin, Richard C. K., and Samuel Harrison. "Relative Stock Market Performance during the Coronavirus Pandemic: Virus vs. Policy Effects in 80 Countries." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 4 (2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14040177.

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This paper examines relative stock market performance following the onset of the coronavirus pandemic for a sample of 80 stock markets. Weekly data on coronavirus cases and deaths are employed alongside Oxford indices on each nation’s stringency and government support intensity. The results are broken down both by month and by geographical region. The full sample results show that increased coronavirus cases exert the expected overall effect of worsening relative stock market performance, but with little consistent impact of rising deaths. There is some evidence of significantly negative stock

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Michail A. Osadchuk, Maxim Trushin, and Alexey M. Osadchuk. "COVID-19 & Quarantine Measures: A Comparison between India & Russia." Space and Culture, India 8, no. 1 (2020): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v8i1.902.

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The Governments of the different countries are taking a wide range of measures in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. For assessing the rigour of quarantine measures, the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford has launched the world`s first COVID-19 government response tracker—the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker – OxCGRT). This tool aims to track and compare policy responses of governments around the world, rigorously and consistently. According to the COVID-19 Government Response Stringency Index (GRSI) the strictest measures are in India (97.37 points) and l

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BASKICI, Çiğdem, Yunus GOKMEN, and Yavuz ERCİL. "The Effects of the Government Policies on the Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi 14, no. 37 (2023): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1069827.

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The study aims to determine whether government policies to control population mobility have been successful in the fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Policies implemented by governments for controlling population mobility are identified with the Stringency Index prepared by Oxford University. Population mobility is observed through data provided by Google Community Mobility Report. The success of countries in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic is measured by the Reproduction Rate. The intersection of valid data covering 104 countries is gathered from databases

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Oliveira, Gisliany Lillian Alves de, Luciana Lima, Ivanovitch Silva, Marcel da Câmara Ribeiro-Dantas, Kayo Henrique Monteiro, and Patricia Takako Endo. "Evaluating Social Distancing Measures and Their Association with the Covid-19 Pandemic in South America." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (2021): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030121.

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Social distancing is a powerful non-pharmaceutical intervention used as a way to slow the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus around the world since the end of 2019 in China. Taking that into account, this work aimed to identify variations on population mobility in South America during the pandemic (15 February to 27 October 2020). We used a data-driven approach to create a community mobility index from the Google Covid-19 Community Mobility and relate it to the Covid stringency index from Oxford Covid-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT). Two hypotheses were established: countries which have ad

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Krishna, Prasad K., S. Aithal P., Poornima K. Geetha, and Vinayachandra. "An AI-based Analysis of the effect of COVID-19 Stringency Index on Infection rates: A case of India." International Journal of Health Sciences and Pharmacy (IJHSP) 5, no. 1 (2021): 87–102. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4732767.

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<strong>Purpose</strong>: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has already been felt worldwide, disrupting the unremarkable life of individuals. Social consequences and viral transmission are challenges that must be resolved to effectively overcome the problems that occur throughout this pandemic. The COVID-19 infection data about India were represented using different statistical models. In this paper, the authors focus on the data collected between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2020 and 12<sup>th</sup> April 2021, try analyzing the different indexes related to India, and predict the number of i

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Wallingford, Jessica, and William Masters. "Stringency of Movement Restrictions Linked With Higher Retail Food Prices but Not Overall Prices for All Consumer Goods During COVID-19 Pandemic." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab029_055.

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Abstract Objectives The COVID-19 crisis has disrupted economies and health systems across the globe and has brought substantial challenges for food systems. Government responses key to minimizing disease spread have included a number of movement restriction policies (e.g., school closures, stay at home measures, etc.). Such policies have impacted food consumption and purchasing behaviours and have harmed much of the face-to-face type of labour required for food retailing, which in turn may have impacted the affordability of diets. We use evidence from 133 countries to investigate the associati

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Booij-Tromp, F. Marlijn, Nicole J. van Groningen, Sebastian Vervuurt, et al. "Association between stringency of lockdown measures and emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Dutch multicentre study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 5 (2024): e0303859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303859.

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Introduction The COVID-19 outbreak disrupted regular health care, including the Emergency Department (ED), and resulted in insufficient ICU capacity. Lockdown measures were taken to prevent disease spread and hospital overcrowding. Little is known about the relationship of stringency of lockdown measures on ED utilization. Objective This study aimed to compare the frequency and characteristics of ED visits during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 to 2019, and their relation to stringency of lockdown measures. Material and methods A retrospective multicentre study among five Dutch hospitals was per

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Mbalayen, Fabrice, Valentine Dutheillet-de-Lamothe, Aude Letty, et al. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Responses in Nursing Homes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Four European Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (2022): 15290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215290.

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Background: Studies comparing how the European nursing homes (NHs) handled the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic remain scarce. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the first wave in a private NHs network in Belgium, France, Germany and Italy. Mortality rates were estimated, and prevention and control measures were described by country. Data from the Oxford governmental response tracker project were used to elaborate a “modified stringency index” measuring the magnitude of the COVID-19 global response. Results: Of the 580 NHs surveyed, 383 responded to the online questionnai

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Mukerjee, Swati, Clifton M. Chow, and Mingfei Li. "Mitigation strategies and compliance in the COVID-19 fight; how much compliance is enough?" PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (2021): e0239352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239352.

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The U.S. with only 4% of the world’s population, bears a disproportionate share of infections in the COVID-19 pandemic. To understand this puzzle, we investigate how mitigation strategies and compliance can work together (or in opposition) to reduce (or increase) the spread of COVID-19 infection. Building on the Oxford index, we create state-specific stringency indices tailored to U.S. conditions, to measure the degree of strictness of public mitigation measures. A modified time-varying SEIRD model, incorporating this Stringency Index as well as a Compliance Indicator is then estimated with da

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Amir, Ido, Shay Golan, Michael Frumer, et al. "Association between COVID-19 Burden, Population Vaccination Status, and Urologic Oncology Surgery Volume: A National Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23 (2022): 7071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237071.

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Initial deleterious effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on urologic oncology surgeries are well described, but the possible influence of vaccination efforts and those of pandemic conditions on surgical volumes is unclear. Our aim was to examine the association between changing vaccination status and COVID-19 burden throughout the pandemic and the volume of urologic oncology surgeries in Israel. This multi-center cross-sectional study included data collected from five tertiary centers between January 2019 and December 2021. All 7,327 urologic oncology surgeries were included. Epidemiological data

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Heo, Gyujin, Catherine Apio, Kyulhee Han, et al. "Statistical Estimation of Effects of Implemented Government Policies on COVID-19 Situation in South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 2144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042144.

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Since the outbreak of novel SARS-COV-2, each country has implemented diverse policies to mitigate and suppress the spread of the virus. However, no systematic evaluation of these policies in their alleviation of the pandemic has been done. We investigate the impact of five indices derived from 12 policies in the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker dataset and the Korean government’s index, which is the social distancing level implemented by the Korean government in response to the changing pandemic situation. We employed segmented Poisson model for this analysis. In conclusion, health

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Wang, Can, Liping Peng, Xiaotong Huang, and Tim K. Tsang. "Impact of Vaccination and Public Health Measures on the Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infections in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis." Vaccines 13, no. 7 (2025): 747. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13070747.

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Background: Starting in early 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron has driven large outbreaks in China, a predominantly infection-naive population with high inactivated vaccine coverage. This unique context provided a substantially less-confounded opportunity to evaluate how vaccination, public health, and social measures influenced severity. Methods: We systematically reviewed 86 studies (224 severity estimates) published from 2022 to 2024, reporting symptom and clinical severity outcomes (fever, cough, and sore throat; symptomatic, severe/critical, and fatal illness) of Omicron infections in China. Usin

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Koduzi, Gazment, and Fabian Cenko. "Correlation of Society Stringency/Openness Measures with Timely Trend of COVID-19 Cases - Case Study – Albania Versus Italy." European Journal of Natural Sciences and Medicine 4, no. 1 (2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/164rms38v.

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Following the WHO declaration for COVID-19 as a pandemic, this disease has caused an international crisis with a severe impact on economic and health care systems. After the first cases reported in China, the disease has progressively widespread worldwide where all affected countries has adapted specific safety protocols and tried to find new therapies in order to face this new disease. The final objective is to evaluate the overall impact of stringency measures taken from Albanian and Italian governmental authorities in relation to daily cases of COVID-19 in each country. This is a descriptiv

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Apio, Catherine, Kyulhee Han, Doeun Lee, Bogyeom Lee, and Taesung Park. "Development of New Stringency Indices for Nonpharmacological Social Distancing Policies Implemented in Korea During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Random Forest Approach." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 10 (January 8, 2024): e47099. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/47099.

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Background In the absence of an effective treatment method or vaccine, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic elicited a wide range of unprecedented restriction policies aimed at mitigating and suppressing the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These policies and their Stringency Index (SI) of more than 160 countries were systematically recorded in the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) data set. The SI is a summary measure of the overall strictness of these policies. However, the OxCGRT SI may not fully reflect the stringency levels of the restriction policies implemented in Kor

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Ong, Ju Lynn, Teyang Lau, Mari Karsikas, Hannu Kinnunen, and Michael Chee. "231 COVID-19 Lockdown Policies Across 20 Countries Modulate Sleep and Resting Heart Rate Measures." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (2021): A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.230.

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Abstract Introduction Lockdowns imposed to stem the spread of COVID-19 have disrupted the lifestyles of many worldwide, but studies to date are mostly confined to observations within a limited number of countries, based on subjective reports and survey from a narrow time window. In the present study, we investigate associations between the severity of lockdown policies and objective sleep and resting-heart rate measures. Methods Data from 113,000 users of a consumer sleep tracker across 20 countries were gathered between Jan–Jul 2020 and compared with an equivalent period in 2019 as a control

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Lesmana, Intan Surya, and Siti Saadah. "Pandemic and Indonesia Stock Market Performance." Ilomata International Journal of Management 2, no. 4 (2021): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijjm.v2i4.263.

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This study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indonesia’s stock market performance. Considering the characteristics of daily stock return data that shows the characteristics of volatility clustering, the analytical method used is to develop a heteroscedastic model specification whose parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on data from March 2020 to January 2021, this study finds that the Exponential-GARCH asymmetric model is the best model compared to the Standard-GARCH symmetric model or the asymmetric Threshold-GARCH model. The inference analy

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Thenon, Nathan, Marisa Peyre, Mireille Huc, Abdoulaye Touré, François Roger, and Sylvain Mangiarotti. "COVID-19 in Africa: Underreporting, demographic effect, chaotic dynamics, and mitigation strategy impact." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 9 (2022): e0010735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010735.

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The epidemic of COVID-19 has shown different developments in Africa compared to the other continents. Three different approaches were used in this study to analyze this situation. In the first part, basic statistics were performed to estimate the contribution of the elderly people to the total numbers of cases and deaths in comparison to the other continents; Similarly, the health systems capacities were analysed to assess the level of underreporting. In the second part, differential equations were reconstructed from the epidemiological time series of cases and deaths (from the John Hopkins Un

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Romero, Julia Lee, and Qin Lv. "Global Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Habits of Competitive Runners: An Analysis of Wearable Device Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (2022): 12933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912933.

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The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in government restrictions that altered the lifestyle of people worldwide. Studying the impact of these restrictions on exercise behaviors will improve our understanding of the environmental factors that influence individuals’ physical activity (PA). We conducted a retrospective analysis using an stringency index of government pandemic policies developed by Oxford University and digitally-logged PA data from more than 7000 runners collected using a wearable exercise-tracking device to compare the relationship between strictness of lockdowns and exercise habits on

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Fahlevi, Heru, Teuku Rizky Saevic, Jalaluddin Jalaluddin, and Muslim A Djalil. "Do social restriction policies responding to COVID-19 pandemic associated with economic growth?" E3S Web of Conferences 340 (2022): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234005002.

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The purpose of the study is to examine the statistical relationship between restriction and containment policies in respond to COVID-19 pandemic and the countries’ economies. This study also maps countries based on their economic growth and the public mobilization restriction policies. The GDP growth was extracted from the economy prognosis from the International Monetary Fund. To determine the restriction policy level, the stringency index (SI) produced by the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) was used. The SI is between 0 – 100 in a range that is computed based on containm

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González R, Marino J. "Effects and sequencing of COVID-19 pandemic control policies in Latin America." Gaceta Médica de Caracas 128, S2 (2020): S196—S207. http://dx.doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2020.128.s2.7.

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Introduction: The extraordinary impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America gives special importance to the analysis of the control policies implemented. Objectives: 1) To update the evolution of the characteristics of COVID-19 control policies in Latin America, and 2) to analyze the sequence in which these policies are implemented. Methods: Data from the Government Response Stringency Index (GRSI), developed by the Blavatnik School of Government at Oxford University, was analyzed for the 20 Latin American countries in the period January 21 to November 9, 2020. The evolution of the

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Jasilioniene, Aiva, Domantas Jasilionis, Dmitri Jdanov, and Mikko Myrskylä. "Association between the COVID-19 vaccination campaign and fertility trends: a population-level time series analysis for 22 countries." BMJ Public Health 3, no. 1 (2025): e001410. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2024-001410.

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IntroductionAt the turn of 2021–2022, monthly birth rates declined in many higher-income countries. We explore how the rollout of COVID-19 vaccination was associated with this decline.MethodsUsing an interrupted time series design, we evaluate the impact of the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the start of COVID-19 vaccination on seasonally adjusted monthly total fertility rates in 22 high-income countries. We study the associations between COVID-19 vaccination and fertility by additionally controlling for youth unemployment, stringency index and vaccination coverage. Fertility data come fro

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Naudé, Wim, and Martin Cameron. "Failing to pull together: South Africa’s troubled response to COVID-19." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 15, no. 2 (2021): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-09-2020-0276.

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Purpose This paper aims to provide a country case study of South Africa’s response during the first six months following its first COVID-19 case. The focus is on the government’s (mis-)management of its non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) (or “lockdown”) to stem the pandemic and the organized business sector’s resistance against the lockdown. Design/methodology/approach This paper makes use of a literature review and provides descriptive statistics and quantitative analysis of COVID-19 and the lockdown stringency in South Africa, based on data from Google Mobility Trends, Oxford University

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Melvin S. Sarsale and Catherine M. Garcia. "Mediation Effect of Corruption Perception on COVID-19 Stringency and Management Performance." Journal of Educational and Human Resource Development (JEHRD) 10 (December 31, 2022): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.61569/d93qvr91.

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The COVID-19 crisis has prompted the implementation of new measures aimed at containing the virus, given its potential health threats to humanity. Studies indicate that the stringency of these policies is associated with a country’s performance in managing the pandemic. However, the literature still needs more coherent evidence on the relationship between policy stringency, COVID-19 management, and corruption perception, and thus, warrants further investigation. This study used data mining on publicly available datasets from 96 countries worldwide, which include Transparency International’s co

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Pauline S. Caintic, Melanie B. De Ocampo, and Gwendolin H. Omalay. "Modeling Adaptive Performance of the Academics in Selected Public Universities in Eastern Philippines during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Educational and Human Resource Development (JEHRD) 11 (December 31, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.61569/p0qdgf16.

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The COVID-19 crisis has prompted the implementation of new measures aimed at containing the virus, given its potential health threats to humanity. Studies indicate that the stringency of these policies is associated with a country’s performance in managing the pandemic. However, the literature still needs more coherent evidence on the relationship between policy stringency, COVID-19 management, and corruption perception, and thus, warrants further investigation. This study used data mining on publicly available datasets from 96 countries worldwide, which include Transparency International’s co

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Rodriguez, F., D. Buitrago-Garcia, G. Sánchez, and P. Santos-Moreno. "POS1491-HPR THE USEFULNESS OF THE PATIENT ACTIVITY SCORE-PASS-II TO ASSESS DISEASE ACTIVITY DURING THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1091.1–1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.5108.

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BackgroundMany measurement tools are designed to assess disease activity for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. One of the most used tools is the Disease Activity Score- DAS28 which assesses the number of painful joints, erythrocyte sedimentation, and a patient’s global assessment. The assessment is performed by a clinician and requires laboratory exams. Unfortunately, from March to August 2019, Colombia had one of the strictest responses to the COVID-19 pandemic according to the COVID-19 stringency Index(1). One of the main restrictions was the preventive isolation of older populations, espe

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Ben Nessib, D., M. Yasmine, H. Ferjani, et al. "AB0820 Remission criteria in non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: don’t miss subclinical inflammation." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1537.1–1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3105.

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BackgroundWith the advent of the treat-to-target strategy (T2T), clinical remission has become the main objective to achieve in patients with rheumatic diseases. Contrary to rheumatoid arthritis, the T2T strategy is less codified in axial spondyloarthritis, even more in non-radiographic SpA (nr-axSpA) [1]. More importantly, T2T based on imaging remission and guidance for tapering medication has not been extensively studied.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bone marrow edema in the sacroiliac joint of nr-axSpA patients in remission.MethodsWe undertook a

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Deckx, H., E. Van der Aar, M. Van der Stoep, et al. "AB0860 STUDY DESIGN OF ROCCELLA: A PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL WITH A DISEASE-MODIFYING OSTEOARTHRITIS DRUG CANDIDATE GLPG1972/S201086." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4418.

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Background:Loss of articular cartilage is one of the major signs of osteoarthritis (OA). Aggrecan, the main proteoglycan component of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage is cleaved by ADAMTS-5 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin-motif-5).1GLPG1972/S201086, a potent and highly selective inhibitor of ADAMTS-5, is an oral Disease-Modifying OsteoArthritis Drug (DMOAD) candidate. In a pooled Phase 1 safety analysis involving 171 participants GLPG1972/S201086 was shown to be well tolerated.Objectives:To present the study design of ROCCELLA, a large Phase 2 clinical t

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Baraliakos, X., S. Ramiro, M. Magrey, et al. "POS1106 ACHIEVEMENT OF LOW DISEASE ACTIVITY OVER 52 WEEKS IN PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS ON BIMEKIZUMAB TREATMENT: RESULTS FROM THE PHASE 3 STUDIES BE MOBILE 1 AND BE MOBILE 2." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.833.

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BackgroundAnkylosing Spondylitis (AS) Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) is the recommended instrument to assess disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).[1]However, the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) remains commonly used in clinical practice. The recommended treatment target for axSpA is remission or low disease activity (LDA) according to ASDAS levels,[1]while limited data exist to validate cut-offs for BASDAI.[2,3]However, remission is difficult to achieve for many patients (pts), especially in established disease.Bimekizumab (BKZ) is a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selecti

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Braithwaite, Jeffrey, Yvonne Tran, Louise A. Ellis, and Johanna Westbrook. "The 40 health systems, COVID-19 (40HS, C-19) study." International Journal for Quality in Health Care, November 30, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzaa113.

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Abstract Background The health, social and economic consequences of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, henceforth COVID-19) pandemic have loomed large as every national government made decisions about how to respond. The 40 Health Systems, COVID-19 (40HS, C-19) study aimed to investigate relationships between governments’ capacity to respond (CTR), their response stringency, scope of COVID-19 testing and COVID-19 outcomes. Methods Data over March and April 2020 were extracted for 40 national health systems on prepandemic government CTR (Global Competitiveness Index)

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Koziol, James, and Jan Schnitzer. "State Government Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States 2020-2022: Concordant Heterogeneity?" Medical Research Archives 11, no. 4 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i4.3693.

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Objectives. We investigate governmental responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on a statewide basis between January 2020 and June 2022, together with mortality rates attributable to COVID-19 over the same period. Our aim is to demarcate the states’ responses, and examine whether these differential responses are associated with COVID-19 mortality. Methods. Our study is based on individual state data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, OxCGRT. We focus on the Government Response Index, the most comprehensive index tracked in the OxCGRT dataset. We use multivariate techniques to gro

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Luciano, Francesco, Federica Crova, and Francesco Canella. "COVID-19 Containment Measures—a Step Back for Walking Mobility? A 2-Year, 60-Country Analysis of the Apple Mobility Data." Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2023, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0189.

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Background: COVID-19 containment measures curb viral spread but may hamper walking mobility. As a low daily step count is associated with increased noncommunicable diseases and mortality, assessing the relationship between pandemic responses and walking mobility can help trade-off public health measures. We investigated the association between containment stringency and walking mobility across 60 countries in the period between January 21, 2020 and January 21, 2022 and modeled how this could impact mortality hazard. Methods: Walking mobility was measured through the Apple Mobility Trends, cont

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Pinheiro, V. "COVID-19 government response measures: analysis in the European Union." European Journal of Public Health 31, Supplement_3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.809.

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Abstract Introduction The global spread of COVID-19 has led to a wide range of responses from governments, including in the European Union (EU). Measures involve travel restrictions, school closings, bans on public gatherings, emergency investments in healthcare, contact tracing and social welfare. However, responses have varied in scope, stringency and timing. The aim of this study was to analyse government response measures in the EU and differences across EU countries, in 2020. Methods Using Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker indices (Stringency Index, Containment and Health Index,

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Ludwig-Walz, Helena, Indra Dannheim, Lisa M. Pfadenhauer, Jörg M. Fegert, and Martin Bujard. "Anxiety increased among children and adolescents during pandemic-related school closures in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 17, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-023-00612-z.

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Abstract Background Considering the heterogenous evidence, a systematic review of the change in anxiety in European children and adolescents associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is lacking. We therefore assessed the change compared with pre-pandemic baselines stratified by gender and age as well as evaluated the impact of country-specific restriction policies. Methods A registration on the ‘International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews’ (PROSPERO) occurred and an a priori protocol was published. We searched six databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Contr

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Allen, David. "Was the response to COVID-19 in the West disappointing in terms of comparative outcomes achieved?" Medical Research Archives 11, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i3.3729.

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This paper features an analysis of country level data generated by the COVID-19 pandemic as revealed in data related to deaths, populations, infections, recovered cases, and tests, for a global sample of 208 countries, plus measures of their policy responsiveness and relative preparedness. A subsample of the 39 OECD countries is also analysed in an assessment including measures of GDP per capita, and indices of country specific trust levels, The cumulative data set is taken from the Worldometer data source. The GHS Index and Oxford Stringency Index are used as policy benchmarks. Other indicato

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Erdem, Orhan, and Zeynullah Gider. "The pandemic puzzle: the causal impact of government stringency on housing prices." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, March 28, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-01-2025-0015.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the causal impact of COVID-19 stringency measures on U.S. housing markets, focusing on house price returns. By analyzing the entire pandemic period, it provides a comprehensive assessment of government interventions’ effects on regional housing dynamics. Design/methodology/approach Using the Oxford Stringency Index, this study applies a causal framework with difference-in-differences, propensity score matching and generalized propensity score techniques on data from 51 U.S. states (2020–2022), controlling for income, unemployment, political tendency and COVID

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Goto, Ryunosuke, Aurelie Piedvache, Mayumi Hangai, et al. "Time trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic." Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 16, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-022-00525-3.

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Abstract Objective Given their unique COVID-19 pandemic experience, it is necessary to evaluate the mental health of youth beyond the initial stages of the pandemic, in relation to the stringency of the social distancing measures. We aimed to describe long-term trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem among youth in Japan during the pandemic. Method Using serial cross-sectional data from April 2020 to December 2021, we evaluated the trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem of youth aged 6–17 years using the self-report KINDL questionnaire, weighted to represent the age and gender d

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Chirwa, Gowokani Chijere, Joe Maganga Zonda, Samantha Soyiyo Mosiwa, and Jacob Mazalale. "Effect of government intervention in relation to COVID-19 cases and deaths in Malawi." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 10, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01821-9.

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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic affected the world in various ways. In response to this, countries set up various interventions such as lockdowns, physical distancing, and mandatory face covering, among others. Governments also put in place measures to ensure compliance. However, the extent to which the various responses impacted the deaths and confirmed cases remains debatable. This paper explores this question by looking at how government stringency measures impacted deaths and cases in Malawi. We employ an instrumental variable (IV) approach to assess the impact of government action on confir

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Gharpure, Radhika, Sonja J. Olsen, and William W. Davis. "Quantified impacts of non‐pharmaceutical interventions on influenza circulation during the COVID‐19 pandemic in 13 African countries, 2020–2022." Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 18, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/irv.13241.

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AbstractNonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for SARS‐CoV‐2 disrupted circulation of influenza. We used data from 13 African countries and generalized linear models to identify associations between levels of NPIs, using the Oxford Stringency Index, and seasonal influenza activity, using parameters derived from 2020–2022 seasonal influenza surveillance. We found that for each step increase in school closings, the average percentage of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza across the influenza season dropped by 20% (95% CI: 1–38%); no other NPI was significant. These findings ma

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K., Krishna Prasad, P. S. Aithal, Geetha Poornima K., and Vinayachandra. "An AI-based Analysis of the effect of COVID-19 Stringency Index on Infection rates: A case of India." International Journal of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, May 2, 2021, 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.47992/ijhsp.2581.6411.0063.

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Purpose: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has already been felt worldwide, disrupting the unremarkable life of individuals. Social consequences and viral transmission are challenges that must be resolved to effectively overcome the problems that occur throughout this pandemic. The COVID-19 infection data about India were represented using different statistical models. In this paper, the authors focus on the data collected between 1st January 2020 and 12th April 2021, try analyzing the different indexes related to India, and predict the number of infected people in the near future. Based on

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Allen, David. "Excess Deaths and Excess Covid Booster Vaccine Doses – are they related?" Medical Research Archives 11, no. 12 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i12.4841.

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This paper features an analysis of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) country level data generated by the COVID-19 pandemic as revealed in data related to booster vaccinations, excess deaths, populations, infections, recovered cases, and tests, for a sample of 38 countries, plus measures of their policy responsiveness and relative preparedness, including various other indicators of trust, stringency and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. The paper uses OECD weekly data on excess deaths. The data on COVID-19 vaccine boosters administered was obtained from ourwor

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Hallberg, Adam, Mia Aakjaer, Katri Aaltonen, et al. "Epidemiological outcomes and policy implementation in the Nordic countries during the COVID-19 pandemic." Archives of Public Health 83, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-025-01531-5.

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Abstract Background During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an intensive debate on which strategies would be most effective to minimize the negative societal impact of the pandemic. This study aimed to provide an overview of key epidemiological outcome measures of the disease in the Nordic countries and the subsequent policy implementation that were undertaken to curb the outbreak. Methods Time trends in test-positive infections, hospitalizations, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions due to COVID-19 as well as COVID-19 mortality and excess mortality were compared betwe

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Reddy, Tarylee, Neena R. Kapoor, Shogo Kubota, et al. "Associations between the stringency of COVID-19 containment policies and health service disruptions in 10 countries." BMC Health Services Research 23, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09363-1.

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Abstract Background Disruptions in essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic have been reported in several countries. Yet, patterns in health service disruption according to country responses remain unclear. In this paper, we investigate associations between the stringency of COVID-19 containment policies and disruptions in 31 health services in 10 low- middle- and high-income countries in 2020. Methods Using routine health information systems and administrative data from 10 countries (Chile, Ethiopia, Ghana, Haiti, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Mexico, Nepal, South Africa, So

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Cameron-Blake, Emily, Henry Annan, Leonora Marro, David Michaud, Julia Sawatzky, and Helen Tatlow. "Variation in the stringency of COVID-19 public health measures on self-reported health, stress, and overall wellbeing in Canada." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39004-w.

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AbstractEvidence is building regarding the association between government implemented public health measures aimed at combating COVID-19 and their impacts on health. This study investigated the relationship between the stringency of public health measures implemented in Canada and self-reported mental health, physical health, stress, and wellbeing among a random sample of 6647 Canadians 18 years of age and older. The analysis was based on self-reported health data from the Canadian Perspectives on Environmental Noise Survey. This data was combined with the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response T

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Nair, Gouri Madhu, Ramesh Veerappan, and Mohammed Irshad Sharafudeen. "Time series analysis of COVID-19 stringency measures on the spatio- temporal dynamics of air pollution." Journal of Air Pollution and Health, June 25, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/japh.v9i2.15922.

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Introduction: Execution of COVID-19 lockdown measures caused variations in air pollution worldwide. This paper investigates the impact of COVID-19 stringency measures on the spatio-temporal dynamics of air pollution in Mumbai, India, using a comprehensive two-and-a-half-year pandemic period dataset. Materials and methods: We classified the pandemic period into 7 phases and 21 sub-phases based on the severity of the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) Stringency Index (SI). Optimized Hotspot analysis (OHS) and Ordinary Least Square Regression models explored the spatio-temporal

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Varghese, Abhishek, Edgar Santos-Fernandez, Francesco Denti, Antonietta Mira, and Kerrie Mengersen. "A global perspective on the intrinsic dimensionality of COVID-19 data." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36116-1.

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AbstractWe develop a novel global perspective of the complexity of the relationships between three COVID-19 datasets, the standardised per-capita growth rate of COVID-19 cases and deaths, and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker COVID-19 Stringency Index (CSI) which is a measure describing a country’s stringency of lockdown policies. We use a state-of-the-art heterogeneous intrinsic dimension estimator implemented as a Bayesian mixture model, called Hidalgo. Our findings suggest that these highly popular COVID-19 statistics may project onto two low-dimensional manifolds without s

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