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Journal articles on the topic 'Oxide Glass'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

M.Al-azzawi, Shatha S. "Effect of green colour on glass quality." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 11, no. 20 (February 25, 2019): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v11i20.389.

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The study of green colour in glass has a special importance on the glass quality, specially the effect of ferrous oxides content of the limestone. Results obtained that there was a reduction in green colour when different ferrous oxide contents in the limestone were added in glass production, limestone sources from two quarries, and the first contains 0.67% ferrous oxide and the second posses less ferrous oxide. Reduction of green colour showed higher transmittance12% and it could be suggested that reduction of ferrous oxides content in the limestone is of special importance on the optical properties of glass.
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2

Tam, C. Y., and C. H. Shek. "Oxidation Behavior of Cu60Zr30Ti10 Bulk Metallic Glass." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 1396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0182.

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The oxidation kinetics of Cu60Zr30Ti10 bulk metallic glass and its crystalline counterpart were studied in oxygen environment over the temperature range of 573–773 K. The oxidation kinetics, measured with thermogravimetric analysis, of the metallic glass follows a linear rate law between 573 and 653 K and a parabolic rate law between 673 and 733 K. It was also found that the oxidation activation energy of metallic glass is lower than that of its crystalline counterpart. The x-ray diffraction pattern showed that the oxide layer is composed of Cu2O, CuO, ZrO2, and metallic Cu. Cu enrichment on the topmost oxide layer of the metallic glass oxidized at 573 K was revealed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy while there was a decrease in Cu content in the innermost oxide layer. The oxide surface morphologies observed from scanning electron microscopy showed that ZrO2 granules formed at low temperatures while whiskerlike copper oxides formed at higher temperatures.
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3

Allam, E. A., R. M. El-Sharkawy, Kh S. Shaaban, A. El-Taher, M. E. Mahmoud, and Y. El Sayed. "Structural and thermal properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles doped cadmium zinc borate glasses: preparation and characterization." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 17, no. 1 (January 2022): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2022.171.161.

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Nickel-doped cadmium zinc borate glass of various nickel oxide content was prepared as xNiO–20ZnO–60B2 O3 –(20-x) CdO (0≤x≤5 mol %), by the melt quenching method based on nano metal oxides. Both the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) were prepared via the solution–combustion technique. Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) was synthesized by the combustion of Ni(OH)2 and boron oxide nanoparticles (B2 O3 NPs)was synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The amorphous nature of these types of glass was confirmed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The morphology of nano-metal oxides was investigated via the scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM imaging showed that the NiO NPs had a semi-spherical morphology, and that their average particle size was 22.17 nm. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy’s (FTIR) spectral analysis was used to identify the structural units of these types of glass via deconvolution, in terms of multi-Gaussian fitting. Results proved that Ni 4+ plays an important role and a key to improve the formation of the BO4 network units. Finally, the high thermal stability and glass transition temperature of the prepared glass samples were increased by increasing the loading of NiO NPs from 0.0 mol % - 5.0 7k = mol % and this was established by using DTA.
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4

Płońska, Małgorzata, and Julian Plewa. "Crystallization of GeO2–Al2O3–Bi2O3 Glass." Crystals 10, no. 6 (June 18, 2020): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10060522.

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In the presented work, two kinds of germanium oxide glass with different compositions, namely GeO2 and GeO2–Al2O3–Bi2O3, were investigated. After controlled crystallization of a glassy sample, the emission in the NIR-range was determined (1165 nm with excitation at 470 nm). To better understanding the kinetics of the glass crystallization, the activation energy was also determined by applying the Kissinger method. The obtained results show that in the case of GeO2–Al2O3–Bi2O3, activation energy value was 400 and 477 kJ/mol, which means that such values are significantly larger than for pure GeO2 (254 kJ/mol). The investigations also show that two phases crystallized in the complex glass matrix: the mullite-like phase and germanium oxide.
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5

Carre, Alain, Françoise Roger, and Christelle Varinot. "Study of acid/base properties of oxide, oxide glass, and glass-ceramic surfaces." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 154, no. 1 (November 1992): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(92)90090-9.

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6

Möncke, Doris, Brian Topper, and Alexis G. Clare. "Glass as a State of Matter—The “newer” Glass Families from Organic, Metallic, Ionic to Non-silicate Oxide and Non-oxide Glasses." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 87, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 1039–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2022.87.23.

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OVERVIEW In theory, any molten material can form a glass when quenched fast enough. Most natural glasses are based on silicates and for thousands of years only alkali/alkaline earth silicate and lead-silicate glasses were prepared by humankind. After exploratory glass experiments by Lomonosov (18th ct) and Harcourt (19th ct), who introduced 20 more elements into glasses, it was Otto Schott who, in the years 1879–1881, melted his way through the periodic table of the elements so that Ernst Abbe could study all types of borate and phosphate glasses for their optical properties. This research also led to the development of the laboratory ware, low alkali borosilicate glasses. Today, not only can the glass former silicate be replaced, partially or fully, by other glass formers such as oxides of boron, phosphorous, tellurium or antimony, but also the oxygen anions can be substituted by fluorine or nitrogen. Chalcogens, the heavier ions in the group of oxygen in the periodic table (S, Se, Te), on their own or when paired with arsenic or germanium, can function as glass formers. Sulfate, nitrate, tungstate and acetate glasses lack the conventional anion and cation classification, as do metallic or organic glasses. The latter can occur naturally—amber predates anthropogenic glass manufacture by more than 200 million years. In this chapter, we are going to provide an overview of the different glass families, how the structure and properties of these different glass types differ from silicate glasses but also what similarities are dictated by the glassy state. Applications and technological aspects are discussed briefly for each glass family.
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7

Mallamaci, Michael P., James Bentley, and C. Barry Carter. "Microanalysis of silicate glass films grown on α-Al2O3 by pulsed-laser deposition." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 438–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100148022.

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Glass-oxide interfaces play important roles in developing the properties of liquid-phase sintered ceramics and glass-ceramic materials. Deposition of glasses in thin-film form on oxide substrates is a potential way to determine the properties of such interfaces directly. Pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) has been successful in growing stoichiometric thin films of multicomponent oxides. Since traditional glasses are multicomponent oxides, there is the potential for PLD to provide a unique method for growing amorphous coatings on ceramics with precise control of the glass composition. Deposition of an anorthite-based (CaAl2Si2O8) glass on single-crystal α-Al2O3 was chosen as a model system to explore the feasibility of PLD for growing glass layers, since anorthite-based glass films are commonly found in the grain boundaries and triple junctions of liquid-phase sintered α-Al2O3 ceramics.Single-crystal (0001) α-Al2O3 substrates in pre-thinned form were used for film depositions. Prethinned substrates were prepared by polishing the side intended for deposition, then dimpling and polishing the opposite side, and finally ion-milling to perforation.
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8

Renka, Sanja, Luka Pavić, Grégory Tricot, Petr Mošner, Ladislav Koudelka, Andrea Moguš-Milanković, and Ana Šantić. "A significant enhancement of sodium ion conductivity in phosphate glasses by addition of WO3 and MoO3: the effect of mixed conventional–conditional glass-forming oxides." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 16 (2021): 9761–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp00498k.

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A strong, positive effect of exchanging the conventional glass-forming oxide (P2O5) by the conditional glass-forming oxides (WO3 and MoO3) on sodium ion transport in glasses.
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9

Allen, David W. "Holmium oxide glass wavelength standards." Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 112, no. 6 (November 2007): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/jres.112.024.

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10

Balakirev, M. K., L. I. Vostrikova, and V. A. Smirnov. "Photoelectric instability in oxide glass." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters 66, no. 12 (December 1997): 809–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.567602.

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11

Kanehisa, M. A., and R. J. Elliott. "Vibrations of boron oxide glass." Materials Science and Engineering: B 3, no. 1-2 (July 1989): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5107(89)90197-9.

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12

Albhin, J. L., J. Bednarik, M. A. Res, and H. Sch�nberger. "A Ce-Hf oxide porous glass and glass-ceramic." Journal of Materials Science 23, no. 5 (May 1988): 1563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01115692.

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13

Pietrzak, Tomasz K., Marek Wasiucionek, and Jerzy E. Garbarczyk. "Towards Higher Electric Conductivity and Wider Phase Stability Range via Nanostructured Glass-Ceramics Processing." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051321.

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This review article presents recent studies on nanostructured glass-ceramic materials with substantially improved electrical (ionic or electronic) conductivity or with an extended temperature stability range of highly conducting high-temperature crystalline phases. Such materials were synthesized by the thermal nanocrystallization of selected electrically conducting oxide glasses. Various nanostructured systems have been described, including glass-ceramics based on ion conductive glasses (silver iodate and bismuth oxide ones) and electronic conductive glasses (vanadate-phosphate and olivine-like ones). Most systems under consideration have been studied with the practical aim of using them as electrode or solid electrolyte materials for rechargeable Li-ion, Na-ion, all-solid batteries, or solid oxide fuel cells. It has been shown that the conductivity enhancement of glass-ceramics is closely correlated with their dual microstructure, consisting of nanocrystallites (5–100 nm) confined in the glassy matrix. The disordered interfacial regions in those materials form “easy conduction” paths. It has also been shown that the glassy matrices may be a suitable environment for phases, which in bulk form are stable at high temperatures, and may exist when confined in nanograins embedded in the glassy matrix even at room temperature. Many complementary experimental techniques probing the electrical conductivity, long- and short-range structure, microstructure at the nanometer scale, or thermal transitions have been used to characterize the glass-ceramic systems under consideration. Their results have helped to explain the correlations between the microstructure and the properties of these systems.
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14

Park, Sang Won, Gye Jeong Oh, Kyung Jun Jang, Min Kyung Ji, Ji Hyun Kim, Jin Won Kim, Jae Sam Ban, et al. "Effect of Infiltration with Ferric Oxide Containing Glass on the Color and Mechanical Properties of Zirconia." Key Engineering Materials 696 (May 2016): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.696.113.

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This study was to examine the effects of ferric oxide contents, which is one of the components of a newly developed glass, on the color and mechanical strengths of zirconia surfaces after glass infiltration. The composition of bioactive glass contained: SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–MgO–BaO–CaO–Nb2O5–TiO2–Fe2O3. 84 presintered zirconia discs (diameter 15 mm, height 1.2 mm) were prepared. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups by Fe2O3 contents of 0, 1, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 2.9 wt%. Non-glass infiltrated zirconia was used as a control. Bioactive glass was coated on the presintered zirconia disc by a spin coating and infiltrated into zirconia by complete sintering at 1450°C for 2 hr. The color of the specimens was measured using a digital spectrophotometer and biaxial flexural strength and fracture toughness was compared. The colors of glass infiltrated zirconia were from yellow to yellowish orange according to ferric oxides contents and those were within the range of natural teeth colors. The mechanical properties of glass infiltrated zirconia were not inferior to those of zirconia. Glass infiltration with ferric oxide into zirconia can improve the color and mechanical properties of zirconia and be applicable for dental purpose.
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15

Li, Shun, Zhaofeng Chen, Zhiyuan Rao, Fei Wang, Cao Wu, and Xinli Ye. "The preparation and research of reduced graphene oxide/glass composite fiber." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501988310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019883105.

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In this article, reduced graphene oxide/glass composite fiber was prepared from mixing graphene oxide and glass powder by ultrasonic dispersion, planetary grinding, high-temperature sintering, and melting wire drawing. The effects of reduced graphene oxide content on the mechanical and electrical properties of the fiber were investigated. Thermal gravimetric analyzer, differential scanning calorimeter, x-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis revealed that the graphene oxide was reduced to reduced graphene oxide in the sintering process and the performances of the composite fiber were improved. The tensile strength of reduced graphene oxide/glass composite fiber was 20% higher than the pristine glass fibers by the addition of 0.5 wt% of reduced graphene oxide. Reduced graphene oxide content was positively correlated with composites conductivity, and according to the percolation theory, the percolation threshold of reduced graphene oxide/glass composite fiber was about 0.5 wt%, and the conductivity of the composite fibers was increased by four orders of magnitude compared to the pristine glass fibers when the content of reduced graphene oxide was 0.5 wt%.
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16

Wang, Li-Pang, Yan-Jhang Chen, Yun-Chen Tso, Chia-Feng Sheng, Josiane Ponou, Mingyin Kou, Heng Zhou, and Wei-Sheng Chen. "Separation of Cerium Oxide Abrasive and Glass Powder in an Abrasive-Glass Polishing Waste by Means of Liquid–Liquid–Powder Extraction Method for Recovery: A Comparison of Using a Cationic and an Anionic Surfactant Collector." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 8, 2020): 4662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114662.

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Applying a cerium oxide abrasive to polish glass components generates a polishing waste containing the cerium oxide abrasive and the glass powder produced during polishing. This research applied the liquid–liquid–powder extraction method to separate the cerium oxide abrasive and the polished glass powder in an abrasive-glass polishing waste for recovering the cerium oxide abrasive. Two liquids of isooctane and water were utilized. The effectiveness of using a cationic and an anionic surfactant collector, i.e., dodecylamine acetate (DAA) and sodium oleate (NaOL), respectively, in improving their extraction and separation was investigated and compared. The results indicated that NaOL addition could improve the mutual separation of cerium oxide abrasive and glass powder but DAA could not, because the former could selectively improve the extraction of cerium oxide abrasive from the water phase to isooctane phase whereas the latter could improve that of both powders. Optimal separation for the cerium oxide abrasive and the polished glass powder in an abrasive-glass polishing waste were achieved by adding NaOL of 7.5 kg/ton at pH 7; the content of cerium oxide abrasive in the solid recovered from the isooctane phase was 96.4% with a recovery of 88.1%.
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17

Скурятина, Elena Skuryatina, Жерновая, Natalya Zhernovaya, Онищук, Viktor Onishchuk, Затаковая, and Raisa Zatakovaya. "A PRIORI ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS AND LIMITS OF APPLICABILITY OF COLEMANITE AS GLASS RAW MATERIALS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 2, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24710.

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Borosilicate glass has a wide range of chemical compositions. Relevant is the question of finding quality and affordable boron-containing raw materials. OOO "Ecoprodukt» offers replacement of boric acid on the calcium borate colemanite, which leads to the obligatory presence in the glass of boron oxide and calcium oxide, and contributes to certain technical difficulties. Thus it makes sense to execute research of stekloobrazovaniya, phase separation and properties of glasses in the system of records "colemanite-soda-sand" with wide limits of variation of oxides in experimental glasses.
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18

Yamazaki, T., Toshiro K. Doi, Syuhei Kurokawa, S. Isayama, Yoji Umezaki, Yoji Matsukawa, H. Kono, Yoichi Akagami, Yasuhide Yamaguchi, and Y. Kawase. "Polishing Mechanism of Glass Substrates with its Processing Characteristics by Cerium Oxide and Manganese Oxide Slurries." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.141.

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With an aim to reduce the consumption of cerium oxide (CeO2) used in large quantity for the polishing of glass substrates applied for HDD and display, we have attempted to obtain the processing characteristics of glass substrates by CeO2 slurry. We also paid attention to manganese oxide abrasives to replace cerium oxide abrasives. As a result, we have found Mn2O3 abrasives potential to replace disappearing CeO2 for the polishing of glass substrates.
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19

Sava, Bogdan Alexandru, Adriana Diaconu, Luminita Daniela Ursu, Lucica Boroica, M. Elisa, Cristiana Eugenia Ana Grigorescu, Ileana Cristina Vasiliu, et al. "Ecological Silicate Glasses." Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (April 2008): 667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.667.

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The investigated ecological glasses with no toxic compounds, such as BaO, PbO, As2O3, As2O5, fluorine, CdS and CdSe in their composition are located in ternary and quaternary oxide systems: ZnO-SiO2-TiO2 and SiO2-R'2O-R''O-R'''O2, where R' is Na or K, R'' is Ca or Mg and R''' is Zr or Ti. The first system contains P2O5, ZnO and TiO2 in order to obtain opal glasses, without fluorine compounds. The second system replaces the barium oxide and lead oxide with potassium, magnesium, zirconium and titanium oxides, for materials like lead free crystals. The raw materials can be replaced by silicate or borosilicate glass waste. The advantages of borosilicate glass waste are: bringing valuable components into recipes (B2O3, CaO, Al2O3), saving raw materials and energy, creating an ecological environment The characteristic temperatures (vitreous transition point, low and high annealing points, softening point) and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass are presented. The FTIR and Raman spectroscopy provided structural data, such as characteristic vibration maxima for silicon and titanium oxide, and revealed the role of zinc oxide in the vitreous network. The refraction index and UV-VIS transmission are discussed.
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20

Bessmertniy, V. S., V. A. Klimenko, M. A. Bondarenko, A. V. Olisov, and L. L. Bragina. "Glass Micro Balls Based on Glass Domestic Waste for Road Construction." Materials Science Forum 1017 (January 2021): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1017.111.

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The glass micro balls based on glass domestic waste for road construction were obtained. Glass micro balls will reduce the contamination of road marking and increase its light-reflective ability at night. Colorless and colored container glass, as well as lead crystal, was chosen as the starting material for producing glass micro balls. An electric arc plasmotron UPU-8M was used to produce glass micro balls. Pre-crushed fractionated glass together with plasma-forming gas – argon was fed to the powder feeder and from the feeder to the plasma burner. Under the influence of high plasma temperatures, about 9000-12000K, the particles were melted, followed by cooling in the outgoing flow of plasma-forming gases. Due to high-temperature plasma exposure, partial evaporation of alkaline oxides and lead oxide occurred. Glass micro balls were enriched with the oxides of silicon, aluminum and calcium. This helped to increase the acid and alkali resistance of glass micro balls. The micro hardness, density, and refractive index of glass micro balls were studied. It is shown that glass micro balls have an ideal spherical shape and are x-ray amorphous. Glass micro balls are recommended for use in road construction as a reflective element of road marking.
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21

Bessmertniy, V. S., V. A. Klimenko, M. A. Bondarenko, A. V. Olisov, and L. L. Bragina. "Glass Micro Balls Based on Glass Domestic Waste for Road Construction." Materials Science Forum 1017 (January 2021): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1017.111.

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The glass micro balls based on glass domestic waste for road construction were obtained. Glass micro balls will reduce the contamination of road marking and increase its light-reflective ability at night. Colorless and colored container glass, as well as lead crystal, was chosen as the starting material for producing glass micro balls. An electric arc plasmotron UPU-8M was used to produce glass micro balls. Pre-crushed fractionated glass together with plasma-forming gas – argon was fed to the powder feeder and from the feeder to the plasma burner. Under the influence of high plasma temperatures, about 9000-12000K, the particles were melted, followed by cooling in the outgoing flow of plasma-forming gases. Due to high-temperature plasma exposure, partial evaporation of alkaline oxides and lead oxide occurred. Glass micro balls were enriched with the oxides of silicon, aluminum and calcium. This helped to increase the acid and alkali resistance of glass micro balls. The micro hardness, density, and refractive index of glass micro balls were studied. It is shown that glass micro balls have an ideal spherical shape and are x-ray amorphous. Glass micro balls are recommended for use in road construction as a reflective element of road marking.
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22

An, Zhenguo, and Jingjie Zhang. "Glass–iron oxide, glass–iron and glass–iron–carbon composite hollow particles with tunable electromagnetic properties." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 34 (2016): 7979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc02669a.

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23

Zhao, Chun Peng, Huai Xiu Lu, Long Quan Shao, Bin Deng, Wei Wei Zhang, Yuan Fu Yi, Li Min Dong, Jie Mo Tian, and Ning Wen. "Influence of Different Ceric Oxide and Ferric Oxide Content on the Color of Alumina-Glass-Composites Restoration." Advanced Materials Research 105-106 (April 2010): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.105-106.536.

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This study aims to investigate the effects of ceric oxide and ferric oxide on the color of alumina-glass-composite (AGC). Uncolored glass and colored glass powder with 4% ceric oxide and 0.5% ferric oxide were fabricated. Primary mixture powder were made by mixing the two colored glass powder with 0.1g interval, and then 81 kinds of colored mixture powder were gained by mixing uncolored powder with the primary mixture powder. Molten glass was infiltrated into presintered alumina blocks. The colored AGC and VITAPAN-3D-MASTER shade guide were measured with spectrophotometer. Experiment results showed that the Yxy value of VITAPAN-3D-MASTER shade guide distributed from (185,0.378,0.340) to (121,0.443,0.341) and the Yxy value of colored AGC distributed from (227,0.352,0.343) to (102,0.489,0.364). There were 37 kinds of samples in the color range of shade guide. The color range of 81 kinds of AGC covered that of the VITAPAN-3D-MASTER shade guide.
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24

Sang, Ke Zheng, Lin Liu, De Jun Zeng, and Zhang Zeng Fan. "Preparation of Ti/Cu Oxide Coating on Alumina by Sol-Gel Method." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.457.

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Using TiCl4 and CuCl2 as precursors, the sols were prepared. The coatings of Ti/Cu oxide were formed on both glass and alumina substrates by dip-coating method. XRD results showed that the coatings could be composed of anatase TiO2, CuO and M6O type oxides. The M6O type oxide on glass substrate is in the form of Cu3Ti3O, however is Cu2Ti4O on alumina substrate. The formations of the CuO and M6O are related to the Cu:Ti ratio. A high Cu:Ti ratio corresponds to the CuO, whereas to the M6O. Also the sols were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and the mechanism of the formation of the coatings was discussed in the paper.
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25

Ortmann, J. Elliott, Martha R. McCartney, Agham Posadas, David J. Smith, and Alexander A. Demkov. "Epitaxial Oxides on Glass: A Platform for Integrated Oxide Devices." ACS Applied Nano Materials 2, no. 12 (November 13, 2019): 7713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b01778.

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26

Cubellio, E. R., G. N. Natu, R. N. Karekar, and R. C. Aiyer. "Effect of the Addition of Different Metal Oxides in Lead Borosilicate Glasses on the Electrical Characteristics of SbSn Composition-Based Thick-Film Resistors." Active and Passive Electronic Components 16, no. 1 (1993): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1993/28148.

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The paper reports the effect of addition of metal oxides in lead borosilicate glasses on electrical characteristics of SbSn alloy-based thick-film resistors. The Sb and Sn powder (1: 1 by weight) is taken in two quartz tubes separately, vacuum sealed at 10–5Torr and heated in a resistive furnace .at 430℃ and 630℃ respectively. The conventional glass [1] is modified by using different dopants like tungsten oxide, cobalt oxide, lithium oxide, titanium dioxide, venadium pentoxide, chromium oxide, nickel oxide and manganese dioxide. The resistive pastes are formulated with both powders, 5% glass and conventional organic binder. The firing temperature is optimized for eight glasses. The sheet resistivity varies from 1600 Ω/□ to 40 Ω/□ , with negative temperature co-efficient of resistance varying from 2000 ppm/℃ to 800 ppm/℃ respectively. Material characterization is carried out using the XRD technique. Aging studies of resistors at room temperature over the period of two months indicate that these resistors stabilize within 15–20 days.
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27

Masuda, Hirohisa, Yoshio Ohta, and Kenji Morinaga. "Structure of Binary Antimony Oxide Glass." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 59, no. 1 (1995): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.59.1_31.

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28

Choudhary, Bhasker P., and Nakshatra B. Singh. "Barium oxide–doped silver phosphate glass." Emerging Materials Research 3, no. 2 (April 2014): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/emr.13.00049.

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29

Inaba, Seiji, Hideo Hosono, and Setsuro Ito. "Entropic shrinkage of an oxide glass." Nature Materials 14, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat4151.

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30

Gupta, Prabhat K., Daryl Inniss, Charles R. Kurkjian, and Qian Zhong. "Nanoscale roughness of oxide glass surfaces." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 262, no. 1-3 (February 2000): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(99)00662-6.

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31

Gautier-Soyer, M., H. Cruguel, M. J. Guittet, O. Kerjan, F. Bart, and L. Bois. "Surface Analysis of Oxide Glass Surfaces:." Journal of Surface Analysis 9, no. 3 (2002): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1384/jsa.9.446.

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32

Bange, Klaus. "Characterization of oxide coatings on glass." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 353, no. 3-4 (October 1, 1995): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021653530240.

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33

Bange, Klaus. "Characterization of oxide coatings on glass." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 353, no. 3-4 (1995): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00322044.

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34

Doi, Akira. "The relaxation time in oxide glass." Journal of Materials Science Letters 5, no. 6 (June 1986): 635–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01731533.

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35

Lingner, Julian, Martin Letz, and Gerhard Jakob. "SrTiO3 glass–ceramics as oxide thermoelectrics." Journal of Materials Science 48, no. 7 (September 14, 2012): 2812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6847-7.

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36

Ivanova, I. "Glass formation in oxide-halide systems." Journal of Materials Science 25, no. 4 (April 1990): 2087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01045769.

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37

Pukh, V., L. Baikova, M. Kireenko, and L. Tikhonova. "Properties of Silica Glass Doped with Titanium Oxide." Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (April 2008): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.153.

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The features of anomalous behavior of silica glass doped with titanium oxide are discussed. The low thermal expansion of silica glass is considered on the base of the idea about polymorphous transformations in meta-stable glass structures. The analogy of these transformations to structural transitions of martensite type in metallic alloys is assumed. The effect of TiO2-doping on the structure and the intrinsic strength of silica glass fibers is studied. The structural (intrinsic) strength has been found to decrease by about 15% compared to that of non-doped silica glass. This decrease of strength is assumed to be accounted for the incorporation of a part of titanium ions into glass structure with six-fold coordination resulting in weakening the connectivity of a glass anionic network.
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38

Wang, Li-Pang, Pei-Hsin Liu, and Yan-Jhang Chen. "Recovery of Cerium Oxide Abrasive from an Abrasive–Glass Polishing Waste through Alkaline Roasting Followed by Water Leaching." Metals 10, no. 6 (June 5, 2020): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10060752.

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Abrasive–glass polishing waste is generated from the polishing process of glass components by using cerium oxide abrasive, which contains the cerium oxide abrasive and the polished glass. This study attempted to recover the cerium oxide abrasive from the abrasive–glass polishing waste through removing the polished glass by alkaline roasting using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) followed by water leaching. The experimental results indicated that the polished glass in the abrasive–glass polishing waste could be fully removed under the optimal alkaline roasting and water leaching conditions of roasting temperature of 450 °C, mass ratio of polishing waste to NaOH of 1:1, roasting time of 30 min, leaching pH of 3, leaching temperature of 25 °C, and liquid–solid ratio of 25 mL/g. The characteristics including elemental composition, particle size distribution, mineralogical phases, and morphology of the recovered cerium oxide abrasive obtained under the optimal conditions were similar to those of the original unused one, which was suitable to be reused for polishing again.
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39

Stolyarova, Valentina L. "Vaporization and thermodynamics of glasses and glass-forming melts in ternary oxide systems." Applied Solid State Chemistry 1, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2619-0141-2017-1-1-26-30.

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40

Chromčíková, Mária, and Marek Liška. "Application of Thermophysical Methods for Oxide/Silicate Glasses." Advanced Materials Research 1126 (October 2015): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1126.99.

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An brief overview of the selected thermo-physical measurements realized in the VILA laboratories for the glass industry and for the fundamental research of glass is presented. Among the routine measurements realized for the glass industry the thermodilatometry for measuring the glass transition temperature, and linear thermal expansion coefficients of glass and metastable glassforming melt are described in detail. The fact that the glass transition temperature is not a single valued physical quantity is stressed in connection with the measurement time temperature schedule. The probably most important quantity related to the glass production technology is the viscosity. Its measurement in the range extending ten orders of magnitude is described. The combination of the falling ball method, the rotation viscosimetry and the thermomechanical analysis is needed to cover the above viscosity range. Among the methods used in the fundamental research of glass structure and properties the study of structural relaxation is overviewed. Here the own method of combined viscous flow and structure relaxation TMA measurement is described in detail.
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41

Haiyan, Chen, Huang Guosong, Mao Hanfen, and Gan Fuxi. "Structure and Raman spectra of glasses containing several glass-forming oxides and no glass-modifying oxide." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 80, no. 1-3 (March 1986): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(86)90389-3.

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42

Mehrer, Helmut. "Diffusion and Ion Conduction in Cation-Conducting Oxide Glasses." Diffusion Foundations 6 (February 2016): 59–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.6.59.

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In this Chapter we review knowledge about diffusion and cation conduction in oxide glasses. We first remind the reader in Section 1 of major aspects of the glassy state and recall in Section 2 the more common glass families. The diffusive motion in ion-conducting oxide glasses can be studied by several techniques – measurements of radiotracer diffusion, studies of the ionic conductivity by impedance spectroscopy, viscosity studies and pressure dependent studies of tracer diffusion and ion conduction. These methods are briefly reviewed in Section 3. Radiotracer diffusion is element-specific, whereas ionic conduction is not. A comparison of both types of experiments can throw considerable light on the question which type of ions are carriers of ionic conduction. For ionic conductors Haven ratios can be obtained from the tracer diffusivity and the ionic conductivity for those ions which dominate the conductivity.In the following sections we review the diffusive motion of cations in soda-lime silicate glass and in several alkali-oxide glasses based mainly on results from our laboratory published in detail elsewhere, but we also take into account literature data.Section 4 is devoted to two soda-lime silicate glasses, materials which are commonly used for window glass and glass containers. A comparison between ionic conductivity and tracer diffusion of Na and Ca isotopes, using the Nernst-Einstein relation to deduce charge diffusivities, reveals that sodium ions are the carriers of ionic conduction in soda-lime glasses. A comparison with viscosity data on the basis of the Stokes-Einstein relation shows that the SiO2 network is many orders of magnitude less mobile than the relatively fast diffusing modifier cations Na. The Ca ions are less mobile than the Na ions but nevertheless Ca is considerably more mobile than the network.Section 5 summarizes results of ion conduction and tracer diffusion for single Na and single Rb borate glasses. Tracer diffusion and ionic conduction have been studied in single alkali-borate glasses as functions of temperature and pressure. The smaller ion is the faster diffusing species in its own glass. This is a common feature of all alkali oxide glasses. The Haven ratio of Na in Na borate glass is temperature independent whereas the Haven ratio of Rb diffusion in Rb borate glass decreases with decreasing temperature.Section 6 reviews major facts of alkali-oxide glasses with two different alkali ions. Such glasses reveal the so-called mixed-alkali effect. Its major feature is a deep minimum of the conductivity near some middle composition for the ratio of the two alkali ions. Tracer diffusion shows a crossover of the two tracer diffusivities as functions of the relative alkali content near the conductivity minimum. The values of the tracer diffusivities also reveal in which composition range which ions dominate ionic conduction. Tracer diffusion is faster for those alkali ions which dominate the composition of the mixed glass.Section 7 considers the pressure dependence of tracer diffusion and ionic conduction. Activation volumes of tracer diffusion and of charge diffusion are reviewed. By comparison of tracer and charge diffusion the so-called Haven ratios are obtained as functions of temperature, pressure and composition. The Haven ratio of Rb in Rb borate glass decreases with temperature and pressure whereas that of Na in Na borate glass is almost constant.Section 8 summarizes additional common features of alkali-oxide glasses. Activation enthalpies of charge diffusion decrease with decreasing average ion-ion distance. The Haven ratio is unity for large ion-ion distances and decreases with increasing alkali content and hence with decreasing ion-ion distance.Conclusions about the mechanism of diffusion are discussed in Section 9. The Haven ratio near unity at low alkali concentrations can be attributed to interstitial-like diffusion similar to interstitial diffusion in crystals. At higher alkali contents collective, chain-like motions of several ions prevail and lead to a decrease of the Haven ratio. The tracer diffusivities have a pressure dependence which is stronger than that of ionic conductivity. This entails a pressure-dependent Haven ratio, which can be attributed to an increasing degree of collectivity of the ionic jump process with increasing pressure. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the number of ions which participate in collective jump events increases with increasing ion content – i.e. with decreasing average ion-ion distance. For the highest alkali contents up to four ions can be involved in collective motion. Common aspects of the motion process of ions in glasses and of atoms in glassy metals are pointed out. Diffusion in glassy metals also occurs by collective motion of several atoms.Section 10 summarizes the major features of ionic conduction and tracer diffusion and its temperature and pressure dependence of oxide glasses.
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43

Feng, Weiying, Daniel Bonamy, Fabrice Célarié, Paul C. M. Fossati, Stéphane Gossé, Patrick Houizot, and Cindy L. Rountree. "Stress Corrosion Cracking in Amorphous Phase Separated Oxide Glasses: A Holistic Review of Their Structures, Physical, Mechanical and Fracture Properties." Corrosion and Materials Degradation 2, no. 3 (July 23, 2021): 412–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cmd2030022.

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Stress corrosion cracking is a well-known phenomenon in oxide glasses. However, how amorphous phase separation (APS) alters stress corrosion cracking, and the overall mechanical response of an oxide glass is less known in literature. APS is a dominant feature concerning many multicomponent systems, particularly the ternary sodium borosilicate (SBN) glass systems. Its three constituent oxides have significant industrial relevance, as they are the principal components of many industrial oxide glasses. Simulations and experimental studies demonstrate the existence of a two-phase metastable miscibility gap. Furthermore, theory suggests the possibility of three-phase APS in these oxide glasses. Literature already details the mechanisms of phase separation and characterizes SBN microstructures. Realizing that glasses are structurally sensitive materials opens a number of other questions concerning how the mesoscopic APS affects the continuum behavior of glasses, including dynamic fracture and stress corrosion cracking. This paper reviews current literature and provides a synthetic viewpoint on how APS structures of oxide glasses alter physical, mechanical, dynamic fracture, and stress corrosion cracking properties.
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44

Son, Sung-Ae, Dong-Hyun Kim, Kyung-Hyeon Yoo, Seog-Young Yoon, and Yong-Il Kim. "Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Combined with Graphene Oxide Quantum Dot as a New Material for a New Treatment Option for Dentin Hypersensitivity." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040621.

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Dentin hypersensitivity is one of the most common clinical conditions usually associated with exposed dentinal tubules. The purpose of this study was to identify the potential of a graphene oxide quantum dot coating for mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles as a new material for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity by investigating its mineralization activity and dentinal tubules sealing. Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticle was fabricated by modified sol-gel synthesis. X-ray diffraction was performed to characterize the synthesized nanoparticle Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy investigated the functionalized surfaces. The distribution of the specific surface area and the pore size was measure by Pore size analysis. The morphology of sample was observed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Field Emission Transmission Electron Microscope (FETEM). After disk-shaped specimens of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles and graphene oxide quantum dot coated mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (n = 3) were soaked in the simulated body fluid for 0, 1, 5, 10,and 30 days, the amount of ions released was observed to confirm the ionic elution for mineralization. Sensitive tooth model discs (n = 20) were applied with two samples and evaluated the dentinal tubule sealing ability. The spherical mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles and graphene oxide quantum dot coated mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles with a diameter of about 500 nm were identified through FESEM and FETEM. The ion release capacity of both samples appeared to be very similar. The amount of ion released and in vitro mineralization tests confirmed that graphene oxide quantum dot coating of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles did not inhibit the release of calcium, silicon and phosphate ions, but rather that graphene oxide quantum dot promoted hydroxyapatite formation. In the FESEM image of the sensitive tooth disc surface, it was observed that graphene oxide quantum dot coated mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles sealed tightly the dentinal tubules. The graphene oxide quantum dot coating of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles not only showed the excellent dentinal sealing ability but also rapidly promoted mineralization while minimizing the size increase by coating the mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles.
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45

Kar, Archana, Ryan Pando, and Vaidyanathan (Ravi) Subramanian. "Photoelectrochemical responses of anodized titanium oxide films." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0023.

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Thin titanium films of 200 nm thickness were prepared by physical vapor deposition over conducting glass plates and anodized to form titanium oxide nanostructured film that demonstrates photoactivity under ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) illumination. Absorbance and photoelectrochemical measurements indicate that the anodized and nitrogen annealed films absorb UV-vis (λ = 300 to 800 nm) illumination to produce a current of 2.5 mA at 0 V and 3 mA at +0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl. A photocurrent of 110 μA and an open-circuit photovoltage (VOC) of 300 mV was noted without application of external bias. Long-term stability tests showed that the photocurrent was stable for 2 h under continuous illumination. The titanium oxide prepared from a small fraction of titanium deposited over conducting glass demonstrates almost similar activity compared with titanium oxides prepared on foils. The material offers promising potential in other applications such as environmental remediation and photocatalytic water splitting.
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46

Chen, Shuang, Li Fang Zhang, Cui Zhi Dong, Kuai Zhang, and Xiudong Zhu. "W-Doped Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 1747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.1747.

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W-doped Vanadium oxide thin films were prepared on the substrates of glass and Si (100) by reactive magnetron sputtering after annealing in vacuum. The structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffractometer and atomic force microscopy(AFM), respectively. The results show that,when the oxygen volume percent (Po2) increasing from 15% to 25%, the films on the Si(100) were vanadium oxides with high-valences. After vacuum annealing at 500°C for 2h, the major phase of W doped films on glass is VO2. The surface roughness of the film increase for the longer time annealing.
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47

Zhong, Ming Feng, Feng Ye, and Da Gen Su. "Study on Heat Insulation Properties of Zinc Oxide Coated Hollow Glass Beads." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 1979–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.1979.

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Zinc oxide coated hollow glass beads were prepared by Chemical package method with ZnSO4٠7H2O,NH4HCO3 and hollow glass beads as raw materials, and they were characterized with UV/VIS spectrophotometer,SEM, and the heat insulation properties was detected by the homemade device. The experiment results shown that the near-infrared reflectivity of zinc oxide coated hollow glass beads was 45.1% better than the 12.5% of hollow glass beads, and it has good heat insulation properties.
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48

Wang, Bin, Dong Ya Huang, Zhe Chen, Nathalie Prud’homme, and Vincent Ji. "Oxidation Kinetic and Diffusion Mechanism Study of a Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Alloy." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.193.

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Oxidation kinetic of a Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk metallic glass (BMG) and its crystalline counterpart were studied under dry artificial air (20% of O2 and 80% of N2) at 673 K by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) method. According to TGA profiles, the oxidation kinetic in both amorphous and crystalline states followed a protective parabolic law. However, the oxidation rates for the amorphous alloy were obviously higher than those for the crystalline alloy. Pseudo-grazing incident X-Ray diffraction (GIXRD) has been carried out to identify the oxides nature and their crystalline structure. Tetragonal-ZrO2 dominated the oxide scale formed on both alloys (BMG and crystalline) at T = 673 K; meanwhile, a slight amount of Cu was detected on the oxide surface of studied BMG alloy. The atomic diffusion mechanism was investigated using a two-stage oxidation treatment to study oxide scale growth kinetics. The studied specimens were oxidized firstly under dry artificial air and then under 18O2 isotopic tracer gas for 1.5 hours respectively at 673 K. The evident solute penetration zone and ion diffusion characteristic through the oxide scale were determined by Cs+ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profile. The results showed the mechanism of the oxide layer formation of both alloys was not only due to Oxygen ions diffusion from oxide surface to interior scale, but also to an outward diffusion of Zirconium ions from substrate to oxide layer and the ZrO2 oxide growth seemed to occur at the oxide/gas interface in our studied case.
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49

Xiao, Zhuo Hao, An Xian Lu, and Fei Lu. "Relationship between the Thermal Expansion Coefficient and the Composition for R2O-MO-Al2O3-SiO2 System Glass." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.65.

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The R2O-MO- Al2O3-SiO2 system glasses were prepared by conventional melt quenching technology. The composition mass fraction range of the glass is SiO2 (55%∼65%), MgO (0%∼15.2%), CaO (0%∼15.2%), SrO (0%∼15.2%), BaO (0%∼15.2%), Na2O (0%∼15.6%), K2O (0%∼15.6%). The relationship between the composition and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass was investigated by comparing the thermal expansion coefficients of the glasses with different chemical composition. The results show that the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass increases sharply with the increase of alkali-metal oxide content and when K+, Na+ and Li+ exist simultaneously in the structure of the glass, the complex “mixed alkali effect” can be observed from the composition–thermal expansion coefficient curve. When introducing different kind but same quantity alkaline-earth metal oxide, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glasses increased obviously with the rising of the radius of alkaline-earth metal ions but the “mixed alkali effects” can also be observed for the glasses containing a few kinds of alkaline-earth metal oxides.
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50

Rehren, Thilo, Anastasia Cholakova, and Sonja Jovanovi]. "Composition and texture of a set of marvered glass vessels from 12th century ad Branicevo, Serbia." Starinar, no. 68 (2018): 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1868125r.

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Strongly coloured glass vessels decorated with marvered threads of white glass are a wide-spread and popular, but rarely studied group of high-quality glassware of medieval Islamic origin. Relatively little is known about the composition and production places of these vessels, and their chronological range is not very well defined, as many of the published finds lack contextual evidence. Here, we present detailed chemical and microstructural data on a set of well-dated purple glass vessels decorated with white threads, excavated at the Mali Grad site in Branicevo, Serbia, in an archaeological context dated to the middle/second half of the 12th century AD. The set comprises at least sixteen different vessels, manufactured from two different batches of probably Levantine plant-ash glass coloured by manganese oxide. Significantly, the results demonstrate that these batches are correlated to particular vessel shapes. The base glass of the white threads is comparable to that of the purple vessel glass, but instead of being coloured by added manganese oxide, it contains considerable amounts of tin and lead oxides which provide the effect of opacity and white colour. No difference in composition can be seen between the white glass threads used to decorate the vessels from the two different manganese-coloured batches, thus indicating a likely common production origin of the whole set.
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