Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Oxydes de cérium'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Oxydes de cérium.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Gruy, Frédéric. "Evolution texturale d'oxydes divisés de titane et de cérium en présence de chlorure d'hydrogène. Modélisation." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844573.
Full textViricelle, Jean-Paul. "Etude de la transformation thermique de l'hydroxycarbonate de cérium III (CeOHCO₃) en dioxyde de cérium IV." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 1994. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00843793.
Full textBennani, Abdelrhani. "Préparations, caractérisations et aspects catalytiques des oxydes mixtes de cuivre et de cérium." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10175.
Full textVerdon, Éric. "La synthèse solvothermale de fines particules de dioxyde de cérium." Bordeaux 1, 1991. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163367.
Full textColin, Sylvie. "Dégradation d'inserts de busette immergée en zircone-graphite lors de la coulée continue : étude du mécanisme de la déstabilisation de la zircone." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10059.
Full textSalou, Martine. "ARelation entre la stabilité et les propriétés macroscopiques des émulsions de bitumes et les propriétés physico-chimiques et interfaciales des bitumes." Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0020.
Full textLamonier, Carole. "Caractérisations in situ des catalyseurs d'hydrogénation Ce-Cu-0, Ce-Ni-O et Al-(Ce)-Ni-O à différents stades de leur élaboration : influence des interactions dans les solides sur l'incorporation d'hydrogène." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10087.
Full textAbi, Aad Edmond. "Préparations, caractérisations et aspects catalytiques d'oxydes ternaires à base de cuivre, aluminium et cérium." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10008.
Full textLa grande dispersion du cuivre sur l'alumine associée à la synergie cuivre-cérium semble être favorable à l'activité catalytique des systèmes. Ainsi, toute activité (hydrogénation et isomérisation) est liée à la présence de cuivre, elle est exaltée quand le cuivre est en interaction avec le cérium. Outre les effets liés au solide, activité et sélectivité sont fortement tributaires des encombrements stériques et des effets électroniques propres à la molécule de réactif. Ainsi, moins la double liaison de l'hydrocarbure est encombrée plus l'activité est importante. De même, plus le réactif est polaire plus la sélectivité en hydrogénation est favorisée. Le mécanisme de réaction proposé est une balance entre le passage par un intermédiaire -alkyl conduisant préférentiellement au produit d'hydrogénation et un mécanisme concerte dont le résultat est un produit d'isomérisation de position. L'équilibre de cette balance dépend essentiellement de la polarité du réactif utilisé
Toloshniak, Tetiana. "Développement de microcapteurs d’humidité à base d’oxyde de cérium." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2023.
Full textThe work scope of this thesis is within the context of realization of moisture sensor-based cerium oxide (CeO2) using three different technological processes. The first technological process is to produce a sensor from a ceramic pellet CeO2. In order to improve the sensitivity of cerium oxide sensors towards moisture, we added LiF to CeO2 (between 1 and 5% by weight) and have shown that the best sensitivity is obtained for a LiF amount of 5%. The second technological process has enabled us to realize sensors by depositing a thick layer CeO2 (> 1 µm) on a silicon substrate. This last one consisted of dropping off made suspension of CeO2 powder and a polymer (carbopol) by spin-coating to cover the Si substrate. Then, a post-deposition annealing was done to densify the thick layer obtained. In order to obtain a uniform layer, the rheological behavior of suspensions was studied. The thick layers of CeO2 were characterized by electron microscopy scanning, and Raman spectroscopy. After that we studied the sensitivity of this last to the moisture. The third technology method has enabled the manufacture of moisture sensors on CeO2 thin layers (< 1 µm). The thin films were deposited on a silicon substrate by r. F. Sputtering magnetron. The influence of various parameters to deposit thin layers of CeO2 (silicon surface treatment, argon flow rate, working pressure, etc…) and post-deposition annealing (RTA, microwaves, conventional) on the crystallinity and electrical properties of layers were studied. Indeed, all the layers deposited and annealed were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and their electrical properties were studied from capacity-voltage measurements. The sensitivity vis-a-vis the realized moisture sensors thin films has also been studied. A comparative analysis of the performance of different sensors should be effected at the conclusion of this study : it is possible to increase the moisture sensitivity by reducing the response time and hysteresis effect by miniaturizing the solid sensor to thick film and thin film sensor
Sronek, Laetitia. "Nouveaux oxydes et oxyfluorures divisés à base de cérium à propriétés anti-UV." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00187026.
Full textLes propriétés d'absorption UV de ces composés sont évaluées et corrélées à la composition chimique et aux paramètres structuraux.
Moog, Iona. "Sur des oxydes de cérium contenant du fer nanostructurés et de morphologies contrôlées." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806578.
Full textPirault-Roy, Laurence. "Optimisation de la fonction métallique platine-rhodium dans les catalyseurs de post-combustion automobile." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2269.
Full textLaachir, Ahmidou. "Etude des propriétés redox et catalytiques de la cerine : influence du rhodium." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10241.
Full textKellali, Boujemâa. "Modification de catalyseurs à base de palladium en post-combustion automobile." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2308.
Full textOliviero, Laetitia. "Oxydation voie humide catalysée de composés organiques azotés : détermination des schémas réactionnels et optimisation de l'activité de catalyseurs métalliques supportés." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT2291.
Full textDesaunay, Thomas. "Approche théorique et expérimentale pour la conception de nouveaux catalyseurs à base de CeO2 pour l'anode des piles à combustible." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066575.
Full textDesign of new materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is required in order to address the current challenges: lowering of the working temperature, use of none precious metals, fuel flexibility or resistance to deterioration. For these purposes, an approach combining experiments and theory was conducted in order to characterize the fundamental properties of cerium oxide. This material has shown good performances as an electrocatalytic catalyst at the anode of SOFCs. It was processed in the form of thin layers, dense, conformal to the substrates and showing an excellent crystalline quality by atomic layer deposition (ALD), as well as by cost-effective methods such as chemical bath deposition (CBD). Moreover, nanoparticles of cerium oxide exposing well-defined surfaces were synthesized in order to enable a fundamental study of these surfaces. Experimental and theoretical chemistry data shown that the (111) surface is the most stable, while the reactivity of the surfaces toward hydrogen oxidation shows the order (100) > (110) > (111). These results pave the way to the design of shape-controlled catalysts for SOFC anode
Fonseca, Juliana da Silva Lima. "Préparation de catalyseurs en or supportés sur des oxydes d'aluminium et/ou de cérium pour la réaction de CO-PrOx." Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2329.
Full textThis work deals with the preparation and characterization of catalysts containing gold and/or copper nanoparticles for the selective oxidation of CO in presence of a large excess of hydrogen (PrOx). Such a reaction is of major interest for the feeding of PEM fuel cell for which CO is a poison. Two axes of research have been developed: the optimization of the metallic phase; the optimization of the oxide support. Gold and/or copper nanoparticles were first supported on a commercial cerium oxide. The Au-CuOx bimetallic system has an intermediary behaviour but interestingly, it has a good activity (close to that of pure gold) and a good selectivity (close to that of pure copper). An interesting cooperative effect between gold and copper is observed when CO2 and H2O are added to the reactants. The deactivation by CO2 is reversible on Au-CuOx/CeO2 while this catalyst is virtually insensitive to the presence of steam. In order to obtain small ceria crystallites homogeneously dispersed on high-surface area alumina, we prepared a series of mixed aluminium-cerium oxides employing the evaporation induced self assembly (EISA) route. We found that these materials present at 400°C an oxygen storage capacity largely higher than the one observed with commercial high surface ceria. Gold was then supported on these aluminium-cerium oxides (Ce/Ce + Al = 0, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mol%) and on commercial pure ceria to be tested in CO oxidation, in the absence and in the presence of hydrogen (CO-PrOx) conditions. The activity in CO oxidation increases with the cerium content in the support, globally following the same trend as that evidenced by TPR, OSC, and isotopic exchange, whreas in CO-PrOx the gold catalysts supported on Ce-Al oxides with medium cerium contents (10molar%) present the hightest CO conversion at 50-60°C
Gauthard, Florence. "Réduction catalytique des nitrates et des nitrites en milieu aqueux : influence de la composition du catalyseur et des paramètres réactionnels sur les propriétés catalytiques." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT2310.
Full textIssa, May. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de l'oxydation catalytique du noir de carbone : Influence du contact entre solides." Mulhouse, 2008. https://www.learning-center.uha.fr/opac/resource/etude-theorique-et-experimentale-de-loxydation-catalytique-du-noir-de-carbone-influence-du-contact-e/BUS4168757.
Full textStringent standards have been imposed to reduce the emisions of soot particulates known by their danger for human health and environnment. DPF (Diesel particulate filter), enables to collect soot particulates in the exhaust gas, should be regernerated periodically by soot combustion. This regeneration could be active or passive. Passive regeneration uses catalysts in the filter to promote soot oxidation at lower temperatures (400-500°C). Therefore, this investigation was dedicated to the effect of contact between carbon black (model of diesel soot) and catalyst (cerium oxide) and its influence on carbon black oxidation in the presence of oxygen. A correlation between the morphology of mixtures of carbon black and cerium oxide and the reactivity of carbon black was established. Mathematical models (1D and 3D) were developped. These models predict soot oxidation taking into account different parameters based on experimental results. In partiuclar, the three dimensionnai model represents the studied mixtures considering that catalyst is composed of agregates with different sizes. These agregates, distributed randomly in the system, are composed of isometric elementary volumes of 200 nm of length. This representation enables to estimate the effect of the contact between carbon black and catalyst on carbon black oxidation. The model determines the catalytic neighberhood of each elementary volume of carbon black. A good agreement was obtained between experimental results and calculated ones by the model. Indeed, a three dimensionnai model based on geometrical representation of DPF was developped to get a better insight on the phenomena occuring during the regeneration process
Poncelet, Olivier. "Précurseurs moléculaires d'oxydes de haute pureté : alcoxydes métallosiloxanes et bêta-dicétonate de lanthanides (yttrium, cérium, néodyme) d'aluminium et de zirconium : synthèse, caractérisation, valorisation." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4217.
Full textCorbos, Elena Cristina. "Effets du support et des ajouts sur les propriétés de stockage des NOx de catalyseurs à base de baryum : sensibilité au souffre." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2297.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study the influence of various parameters on the NOx storage properties and sulfur resistance of Ba based NOx trap catalysts. In the first part, we studied the influence of the support oxide (Al2O3, SiO2, Al2O3-5,5SiO2 and Ce0,7Zr0,3O2) and the Ba loading. These parameters influence Pt and Ba dispersion and thus the Pt-Ba proximity, the basicity of the catalysts and the NOx storage. The addition of CO2 and H2O in the inlet gas has an inhibiting effect on the NOx storage capacity due to (i) CO2/NOx competition for the storage sites - increasing with the basicity and the temperature and (ii) a decrease of NO oxidation activity and NOx storage on the support sites (H2O). Compared to Al, CeZr support oxide leads to a decrease of about 100°C of bulk BaSO4 reduction temperature, thus leading to a better sulfur elimination during the regeneration of the sulfated catalysts. In the second part we investigated the influence of the catalysts preparation, the activation treatment and the effect of additives to Ba (Fe, Mn and Ce) on the properties of Pt/Ba/Al catalysts. The activation of the catalysts under N2 before ageing led to an increase of Pt and Ba dispersion and thus to an increase of the NOx storage. The addition of Mn and Ce to Pt/Ba/Al catalysts contributes to improve the storage properties. Adding Mn and Fe to a catalyst with a low barium content leads to an increase of the sulfur resistance regarding NOx storage. Finally, even if the sulfur regeneration of the modified catalysts is less efficient than for non modified ones, the formers are more actives regarding NOx storage after regeneration
Poletti, Antoine. "Contribution à l'étude du frittage des mélanges UO2+x - CeO2 traités sous atmosphère oxydante : Comparaison avec le système UO2+x - PuO2." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0023.
Full textThis study is a physical and chemical approach of reactive sintering,in a carbon dioxyde environment, of ceramics with the following composition 0,7 UO2+x-0,3CeO2 with x equal to 0,06 - 0,20 or 0,27
Matz, Olivier. "Dissociation de H2 sur des surfaces d’oxydes de cérium : étude de la réductibilité." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS270.
Full textThese last years, cerium oxide has received a great interest in heterogenous catalysis, in particular in the alkyne semi-hydrogenation field. Indeed, it has been shown that CeO2 is able to dissociate H2 molecule in absence of noble metals. Interestingly, the hydrogenation of ceria is found to take place through an hydride intermediate which is a catalytically active species. However, on the stoichiometric (111)-CeO2 surface, this intermediate is not stable and remains systematically unfavored compared to the homolytic product. Although most of the CeO2 applications are related to its redox properties, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the reduction effect on the H2 dissociation. In this context, we propose a full study of H2 dissociation by the modelling of surface reactivity at the atomic scale based on the DFT+U approach applied in periodic conditions. The reduction effect was studied by considering: (i) stoichiometric surfaces (CeO2), (ii) partially reduced surfaces with the formation of oxygen vacancies (CeO2-x), and (iii) fully reduced surfaces (Ce2O3). The systematic study of H2 dissociation on different surfaces allows us to identify the key parameters and to extract structure-property-reactivity relationships. In particular, our results show a strong relationship between the topology of the surfaces and their reactivities. Moreover, we have highlighted the key role of the reducibility: the catalytic activity increases gradually with the reduction rate. Our works allow to interpret the experimental observations by proposing a reaction mechanism, as well as to explore new ways of rational design of cerium oxides based materials
Debeusscher, Sylvanie. "Stockage et caractérisation de l'hydrogène dans les oxydes mixtes à base de cérium-nickel et zirconium ou aluminium." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10122/document.
Full textThe mixed oxides based on cerium-nickel and zirconium or aluminium are able to store large quantities of hydrogen, To determiine nature, reactivity and properties of hydrogen species (spill-over, direct desorption), the solid were studied by different physicochemical techniques in the dried, calcined and partially reduced states: XRD, porosity, TGA, TPR, TPA, TPD, chemical titration and inelastic neutron scattering (INS). Solids are mainly mesoporous with a common pore size at 4 nm, They are constituted of CeO2 phase, Ce-Ni or Ce-Ni-Zr solid solution and of Ni(OH)2 in the dried state and NiO in the calcined state. The Ni species are in various environments and the strong interactions between the cations in solid solution and at different particles interface influence their reducibility and the creation of anionic vacancies. Activation in H2 in temperature is determining for hydrogen storage in the solid while calcination step is not necessary. INS Analyses evidence that the hydrogen species inserted during treatment in H2 are H+( OH-), hydride H- and H* (metallic nickel) species, present in various chemical environments, in particular for hydride species. All kinds of hydrogen species participate to the reaction during the chemical titration in agreement with the proposed hydrogenation mechanism. The study of the adsorption of hydrogen shows that this step is fast and in quantity of the same order as that measured by chemical titration. The direct desorption of H2 is very low, linked to the presence of hydrogen in interaction with metallic nickel (H*-·). Desorption of water is also observed, in parallel, corresponding to the elimination of groups. The hydride species are not desorbed. These various observations allow connecting hydrogen species properties with their localization in the structure and to model active sites
Keav, Sylvain. "Activité et stabilité de catalyseurs métalliques supportés sur oxydes testés en Oxydation Voie Humide du phénol." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Keav-Sylvain/2010-Keav-Sylvain-These.pdf.
Full textCatalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) is a promising process for water treatment which consists in totally oxidizing pollutants under oxygen pressure and at elevated temperature. This thesis aims at studying the activity and the stability of different metallic catalysts tested in the oxidation of phenol. Several powder catalysts constituted by platinum or ruthenium supported on ceria or doped ceria were compared in CWAO of phenol in a batch reactor. At identical dispersion, platinum is always more active than ruthenium. Four main deactivation causes were identified : - the deposition of organic aromatic species, formed by oxidative coupling reactions, is responsible for a temporary loss of activity by blockage of catalytic sites, - the oxidation of metal particles is a reversible phenomenon which is caused by the use of important oxygen pressures, - too severe conditions of reaction can be responsible for a loss of metal and sintering of particles, which leads to a definitive loss of activity. Pelletized and monolithic catalysts were prepared and tested in CWAO of phenol in a Continuous-flow Stirred Tank Reactor. Although active, these catalysts are inappropriate since their mechanical strength is limited. Copper on 13X zeolite catalysts prepared by ion-exchange were tested in a process using oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. A synergistic effect, resulting from a modification of H2O2 decomposition pathway, in the presence of O2, was observed. Nevertheless, activity was mainly due to leached copper species
Morlens, Stéphanie. "Couches minces pour rubans supraconducteurs élaborées à partir de précurseurs moléculaires." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10060.
Full textMikulová, Jana. "Oxydation voie humide de l'acide acétique catalysée par les métaux (Pt, Ru) déposés sur oxydes à base de cerium." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2287.
Full textVerrier, Christelle. "Études des propriétés de reformage de catalyseurs à base de cérium : analyse des sites actifs et des mécanismes de réaction." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2002.
Full textSlostowski, Cédric. "Synthèse solvothermale supercritique de nanostructures d'oxyde de cérium." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00954292.
Full textDebeusscher, Sylvanie. "Stockage et caractérisation de l'hydrogène dans les oxydes mixtes à base de cérium-nickel et zirconium ou aluminium." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10122.
Full textThe mixed oxides based on cerium-nickel and zirconium or aluminium are able to store large quantities of hydrogen, To determiine nature, reactivity and properties of hydrogen species (spill-over, direct desorption), the solid were studied by different physicochemical techniques in the dried, calcined and partially reduced states: XRD, porosity, TGA, TPR, TPA, TPD, chemical titration and inelastic neutron scattering (INS). Solids are mainly mesoporous with a common pore size at 4 nm, They are constituted of CeO2 phase, Ce-Ni or Ce-Ni-Zr solid solution and of Ni(OH)2 in the dried state and NiO in the calcined state. The Ni species are in various environments and the strong interactions between the cations in solid solution and at different particles interface influence their reducibility and the creation of anionic vacancies. Activation in H2 in temperature is determining for hydrogen storage in the solid while calcination step is not necessary. INS Analyses evidence that the hydrogen species inserted during treatment in H2 are H+( OH-), hydride H- and H* (metallic nickel) species, present in various chemical environments, in particular for hydride species. All kinds of hydrogen species participate to the reaction during the chemical titration in agreement with the proposed hydrogenation mechanism. The study of the adsorption of hydrogen shows that this step is fast and in quantity of the same order as that measured by chemical titration. The direct desorption of H2 is very low, linked to the presence of hydrogen in interaction with metallic nickel (H*-·). Desorption of water is also observed, in parallel, corresponding to the elimination of groups. The hydride species are not desorbed. These various observations allow connecting hydrogen species properties with their localization in the structure and to model active sites
Benzakour, Mohammed. "Contribution à l'étude des composés non stoechiométriques partiellement ioniques : application au dioxyde de cérium CeO₂ ₋ x." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112240.
Full textCousin, Renaud. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxydes ternaires à base de Cuivre, Vanadium et Cérium : application à la réaction de combustion des suies." LITTORAL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DUNK0041.
Full textPoupard, Sylvain. "Electrodéposition, caractérisation et propriétés anti-corrosion de films à base d'oxyde de cérium sur des alliages de zinc." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS282.
Full textDuring the last years, strong recommendations have been put forward concerning the discharge of heavy metals and the possible impact of elements such as zinc on environment. The increasing use of this element, especially for the durability and integrity of metallic structure has lead to critical rate of zinc release due to the human activities in fluvial water and port areas. Regardless of the nature of the zinc based sacrificial coating, it is also necessary to realise surface treatments in order to ensure the aesthetic aspect, an enhancement of the corrosion resistance and the adherence of protective coatings such as chrome. The new national and european directives have restricted the use of Cr(VI), that must be banned and replaced by new environmentally friendly methods. Thus, the new generation of alternative methods consists in the deposition of rare earth metals specially cerium oxide cerium (CeO2) which could confer a good protection thanks to their action like passive film. The object of this study is focused on the development by electrodeposition, the characterization and the physicochemical properties of a thin layer of cerium oxide on coatings containing zinc. To this purpose, the study was undertaken on model pure zinc substrates and zinc alloy coatings. The characterisations showed the influence of certain parameters of the electrodeposition (density of current, times, concentration, additive and pulse current) on the mechanisms, and thus, on the morphology and the composition of films. The corrosion behaviour of the electrodeposited coatings in aqueous medium was also studied by combining immersion tests and accelerated tests (salt spray) in saline environment. If the tests showed that these films act as a physical barrier blocking the diffusion of oxygen, their effectiveness seem to be strongly dependent on the elaboration conditions of the coatings
Matta, Joseph. "Etude de systèmes oxydes binaires à base de vanadium et de cérium pour la combustion catlytique des particules carbonées." Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0059.
Full textThe oxides such as CeO₂ and V₂O₅ are commonly used as catalysts in the depollution reactions. In order to evaluate the catalytical behaviour of these systems in the oxidation of diesel soot particles, vanadium-cerium oxide catalysts with different V/Ce atomic ratios, are prepared using the impregnation method. These solids are characterized, at oxide and reduced states, using different techniques : XRD, TG-DSC, Raman spectroscopy, ⁵¹V MAS NMR, EPR, XPS, TPR and TPO. Main information can be deduced about the nature of different vanadium species and their stabilisation either with the vanadium content in samples or with the treatment temperatures of the catalysts. Thus, only polymeric V-O-V chains are identified for low vanadium content. They are in strong interaction with the ceria surface and exhibit a relatively good stability in the temperature range of 400-500°C. With the increasing of the vanadium loading, tetrahedral surface species and V₂O₅ favor, particularly at high temperatures (≥ 500°C), the formation of the cerium orthovanadate (CeVO₄) phase. This phenomenon occurs in the presence of a trapped electron closely related to the CeVO₄ phase and which be considered as its presence probe. The redox properties of the samples have been then investigated and show that for a low vanadium content, V-O-V chains and V₂O₅, which are in interaction with CeO₂, are easely reducible whereas they are partially and slowly reoxidized. Conversely, for a higher vanadium loading, the V species are totally and fast reoxidized. Moreover, the reduction of vanadium ions is easier in the presence of ceria and vice versa. Finally, the catalyst reactivity was performed towards the model soot (carbon black) oxidation. In this way, the reactivity in carbon black oxidation is improved with no formation of carbon monoxide. Hence, the association of vanadium and ceria gives a catalyst with good performances on carbon black oxidation reaction. In addition, a beneficial effect of hydration at high vanadium loading, is observed. The influence of NOx is also studied. A global scheme that links the physico-chemical properties to the catalytical reactivity is suggested
Leclercq, Elisabeth. "Hydrogénation énantiosélective de l'acétoacétate de méthyle sur oxydes mixtes de nickel et de cérium en présence de modifiants chiraux." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10059.
Full textAzalim, Saïd. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxydes mixtes à base de zirconium, cérium et manganèse, massiques ou supportés sur monolithe, destinés à l'oxydation catalytique totale du 1-butanol." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10089/document.
Full textVolatile Organic Compounds are widespread pollutants harmful to human health and environmentally damaging. The elimination of these compounds at low concentrations in the air by catalytic oxidation is a promising mean for the VOCs selective destruction at low temperatures. A preparation of new noble metals-free catalytic formulations appropriate for the nature of the VOCs to be treated is an important issue. In this work we study catalysts based on Zr, Ce and Mn designed for total oxidation of 1-butanol. Mixed oxides of Zr, Ce and Mn, bulk or supported on a monolith, were synthesized. A variable compound of the type Zr0,4Ce0,6-xMnxO2 was prepared in order to optimize the composition of the material. The sol-gel method was used for the preparation of oxide precursors. These precursors were activated by two different routes, thermal and microwave. Their physico-chemical characterization highlighted particularly the contribution of the microwave for samples with high Mn loading. The precursor gels were also used to coat a layer based on Zr, Ce and Mn on a cordierite monolithic support type, coating being revealed by microscopic and spectroscopic characterization. The activity and selectivity of various catalysts were tested in the oxidation reaction of 1-butanol. The best performance was obtained for the composition Zr0,4Ce0,12Mn0,48O2 regardless of the activation of activation (thermal or microwave) and shaping (powder or monolith). These results could be explained by the excellent textural properties, redox and acid-base of these materials
Arnould, Xavier. "Granulométrie et modélisation de céramiques." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2034.
Full textBertaux, Stéphane. "Synthesis of well-defined inorganic layers using fluidized bed." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12711.
Full textThin nanocrystalline CeO2, ZrO2 or Ta2O5 films were deposited onto substrates. Their sintering behavior was characterized and compared with the known equivalent TiO2 special effect pigments in terms of grain size, grain growth and layer porosity. These oxide layers were then converted into Ce2S3, Zr2ON2 and Ta3N5 in a fluidized bed prototype controlling the reaction conditions. The use of this method leads to a drastic reduction of the time of conversion compared to a stationary oven or to a rotary kiln. The color travel of the resulting products was analyzed using the CIELAB system. The intensity of the interference color was correlated with the effective refractive indices of these films, which also depends on their porosity. Keywords: Oxide Layers, Sintering, Interference Color, Fluidized Bed
Abou, Rached Jihane. "Production d'hydrogène par reformage catalytique du toluène sur des oxydes mixtes Ni-Mg-Al : Effet de l'ajout de cérium ou de lanthane." Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0442/document.
Full textThis thesis was carried out in the context of the valorization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as toluene. This study aimed to optimize efficient catalysts for the elimination of toluene by dry and steam reforming of toluene. Hydrotalcite solids were chosen because of the interesting properties of the oxides obtained by their calcination. The Ni, Mg and Al-based catalysts were prepared via hydrotalcite road. In order to improve the catalytic activity, the elements Ce and La were incorporated into the solids to substitute a part of the element A1 and the effects were studied. Initially, the mixed oxides were characterized by different physico-chemical techniques including X-Ray Diffraction, Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR),... In a second step, the mixed oxides were tested in the dry reforming of toluene reaction. The progressive substitution of Mg²⁺ ions by Ni²⁺ ions improves the activity of the catalysts. Cerium or lanthanum played a role in the reaction mechanism, to improve selectivity and reduce carbon deposition. The catalytic performances of the oxydes are tested in the steam reforming of toluene reaction, showing that the reactivity improves with the increase in the magnesium content. The promoters have enhanced the toluene conversion and hydrogen selectivity. According to the physico-chemical characterizations after the catalytic test, the catalysts showed no coke formation. A comparison between the best catalyst of this study and an industrial catalyst is performed
Bolmont, Stanislas. "Étude de la réduction électrochimique des oxydes de métaux d'intérêt nucléaire en milieux de chlorures fondus." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2542/.
Full textMost of the transition metals, rare-earth elements and actinides are available in the form of oxides. This thesis concerns the preparation of metallic cerium from its oxide (CeO2) by electrochemical route. The method used is the indirect electrochemical reduction (OS process) in CaCl2-CaO at 850°C and is based on the spontaneous reaction between cerium oxide and metallic calcium, which is in-situ produced by CaCl2 reduction. Its main advantage is a limitation of wastes produced and of the number steps in the conversion process. The reduction mechanism of cerium oxide was studied and side reactions were identified, as the formation of CeOCl and CeMg compounds in the final cathodic product. An important part of the thesis was then dedicated to the improvement of analytical technics (Bund, ICP-AES and specific compounds concentration determination) to better evaluate the process efficiency. Moreover, the importance of the anodic reaction was highlighted. Several anode materials (Au, Pt, SnO2) were tested under electrolysis conditions. These investigations leads to the use of a gas extraction system which are anodically generated during the electrolysis, the determination of the CaO concentration, the selection of the imposed current density. . . With the optimized parameters, electrolyses were performed under galvanostatic conditions; the reduction yield of CeO2 and the conversion rate of metal were 94% and 67% respectively
Melang, Me Nze Vanessa. "Préparation de nouveaux matériaux pour l'élimination catalytique des composés organiques volatils." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2272/document.
Full textThis work is devoted to the preparation of the new materials for the catalytic removal of volatile organic compound (VOC) : acetic acid. Decomposition of this gaseous molecule generate dangerous products such as CO2, acetone and formaldehyde. Removing acetic acid in aqueous phase is more difficult than gas phase. In fact, the presence of basic and redox catalysts like mixed oxides MgAl improve the oxidation of acetic acid reaction. This catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. On each catalyst, cerium is deposited on the surface in order to improve their reducibility. MgAlCey_cp and MgAlCey_sg catalysts (y : 0.03% ; 0.07% ; 0.14% molar) have shown the increase of oxygen storage capacity (OSC) and number of strong basic sites because of various oxygen species (O22-, O2- and/or O2-) located on the surface of the materials and provided by ceria (CeO2). In fact, oxygen storage capacity of these catalysts is increased for MgAlCey_sg whereas a synergy effect appears for MgAlCey_cp. The results have shown that the reducibility of the catalysts is not related to the initial preparation method. However, basicity of MgAlCey_cp catalysts is higher than MgAlCey_sg. This basicity gives a high activity to co-precipitated catalysts which is limited by possible formation of carbonates during the oxidation reaction of acetic acid. Except for ceria, the best activity is obtained by MgAlCe0.14_cp and MgAlCe0.14_sg catalysts
Issa, Hamoud Houeida. "Réactivité de catalyseurs à base de cérium pour l'oxydation catalytique des colorants textiles en procédé Fenton/photo Fenton." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0260/document.
Full textIn this work, the parameters and mechanisms governing the reactivity of cerium based materials towards the degradation of textile dyes, taken separately or in binary mixture, in Fenton/photo-Fenton process have been investigated. For this purpose, five sets of catalysts were performed in order to determine the respective effects of : (i) the specific surface area of commercial CeO2 (SBET = 11, 101,5 ; 148 ; 235 and 284 m2/g); (ii) the zirconia doping ((CexZr1-xO2 with different Ce content (x = 0 ; 0,2 ; 0,5 ; 0,8 ; 1)); (iii) the treatment with H2SO4 ; and (iv) the impregnation of different metals in CeO2 (M = Ba, Bi, La, V and Mo). The textural, structural and chemical properties of the studied ceria-based materials were systematically characterized by nitrogen porosimetry, Raman, XRD, XPS, ATR/FTIR, DR-UV-Vis and TGA. Discoloration and mineralization kinetics of Orange II dye in presence of CeO2/H2O2 system are strongly related to the surface area of catalysts and other parameters (UV-Vis irradiation, pH, temperature, concentration of catalyst and H2O2). The presence of another dye with similar (Acid Green 25) or opposite charge (Malachite Green) can also influence the discoloration kinetics of Orange II. Comparing with single dye solutions, the degradation efficiency of both Orange II and Acid Green 25 were reduced in the mixture due to the competitive adsorption of both anionic dyes onto the same surface Ce sites. However, the discoloration of Malachite Green was enhanced in the presence of Orange II due to the simultaneous contribution of both coagulation/flocculation and Fenton-like process. It is suggested that a Malachite Green ion is electrostatically attracted by an Orange II ion at pH = 3. In addition, the performance of the mixed oxides in the heterogeneous Fenton process is strongly related to their textural, structural and chemical properties. Briefly, characterizations by XRD and Raman spectroscopy indicate that these nanosized mixed oxides can be considered as good quality solid solutions and possess structural properties consistent with the known phase diagram of CexZ1-xO2. The sulfation treatment mostly affects the Ce rich catalysts by increasing the crystallite size and lowering the specific surface area. The dissolution of ceria during sulfation followed by formation of Ce(SO4)2 amorphous phase on catalyst surface was investigated by UV-Vis and TGA analysis. Sulfation treatment as well as doping ceria with Zr increases the amount of reduced sites Ce (III) and defect sites.DR-UV-Vis, FTIR/ATR and Raman spectroscopic studies for adsorption and activation of H2O2 on mixed oxides show the formation of surface Ce-peroxo species as intermediate to generate hydroxyl radicals. The relative amounts of these species on the mixed oxides and/or not modified was indirectly determined using TPD-MS, giving rather good indication about the performances of catalysts towards the degradation of dye. The concentration of surface Ce, the density of defects Ce(III) sites (increased by doping and sulfation treatment) and the surface area appear to be among the most important parameters affecting the catalytic activity. Impregnation of ceria with different metals did not show a positive effect on the reactivity of this material in Fenton process. A possible mechanism for the activation of H2O2 was discussed in details according to all the experimental results and to the literature. From a mechanistic viewpoint, it is shown using FTIR/ATR and liquid UV-Vis spectroscopic measurements that the adsorption of the anionic dye is highly pH-dependent and proceeds via electrostatic interactions with surface metal centers. A possible pathway for Orange degradation is proposed on the basis of qualitative and quantitative detection of intermediate compounds, in liquid phase and on catalyst surface, using various techniques (FTIR/ATR, DR-UV-VIS, HPLC and GC/MS)
Bedrane, Sumeya. "Catalyseurs trois-voies de dépollution automobile : étude du stockage et de la mobilité de l'oxygène." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2309.
Full textThe oxygen storage process on M/CexZr1-xO2 (M=Rh, Pt, Pd, Ru, Ir) catalysts is widely studied. The role of the metal, the influence of the nature and the morphology of metal particles and the metal/support interactions are analyzed. Two key steps of the oxygen storage process are (i) oxygen activation on the metal and (ii) oxygen diffusion on the support. They are studied using the 16O/18O isotopic exchange. Homoexchange reaction shows the aptitude of rhodium, ruthenium and iridium to activate oxygen at low temperatures whereas heteroexchange reaction is used to investigate oxygen diffusion. Kinetic modeling of these reactions allows the calculation of oxygen diffusion coefficients at the surface and in the bulk of CeO2 and Ce0,63Zr0,37O2. Finally, infrared spectroscopy - in parallel to the oxygen diffusion kinetic study - evidences that superoxide species are involved in the oxygen surface mobility on ceria-zirconia mixed oxide
Birot, Anne. "Caractérisation de catalyseurs Rhodium et Nickel/ CexZr1-xO2 pour la production d'hydrogène par vaporeformage de l'éthanol." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2304.
Full textThis work concerned a study on catalytic behaviour of metallic catalysts (Rh or Ni) supported on earth rare oxides CexZr1-xO2 in ethanol steam reforming in order to hydrogen production. Catalyst 1%Rh/Ce0,50Zr0,50O2 showed a good activity with a good hydrogen yield. We turned a study onto understanding inter-conversion reaction between H2, CO and CO2 which lead to CH4 formation. We can also study intrinsic properties of catalysts. We can confirm basic character of catalysts and a good hydrogenation activity. A good activity in CO hydrogenation allowed to evidence a necessity to use a catalyst which less active in hydrogenation reaction and with a basic character in order to improve hydrogen yield
Chmielowska, Magdalena. "Étude de couches minces multiphasées CeO2-CuOz ou substituées Ce1-x Ndx O2-δ obtenues par ablation laser : microstructure, texture, propriétés catalytiques et électriques." Toulon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUL0016.
Full textCeO2 thin films doped with copper and neodymium oxides were elaborated by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique on Si(100) substrate temperatures of 750oC, with variable atomic fractions of copper and neodymium (6. 5 - 27 % at. Cu, Nd) and deposition times (t=30 - 360 s). Analyses clearly proved that Cu and Nd additions modify the preferential orientation of thin films. Preferred (111) orientation of pure CeO2 crystals change into (200) orientation, when the concentration of additions increases. The morphology of the CeO2 grains changes from triangles, for pure CeO2 thin films, to rods grains for Cu doped films and to ovoid forms grains for Nd doped films. In addition, cell parameter analyses showed that a multiphase system {CeO2-CuO-Cu2O} and a solid solution {Ce1-xNdxO2-δ} were formed. Analyses showed that, the change of the Cu and Nd doped CeO2 texture and microstructure has a significant influence on their catalytic and electrical properties
Tissier, Nicolas. "Élaboration de matériaux nanocomposites inorganique / organique par polymérisation en émulsion." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10156.
Full textThis thesis deals with the elaboration of film forming nanocomposite latexes containing silica and cerium dioxide particles via emulsion polymerization. First, copolymerizable groups were introduced onto the surface of the mineral particles through chemical grafting of -methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane for silica or via the use of complexing carboxylated or organophosphorus monomers or macromonomers for cerium dioxide. The grafting was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and solid state NMR and quantified through elemental analysis. The functionalized nanoparticules were then used as seeds in emulsion polymerization reactions. Attention was focused on the colloidal stability of the latexes. Colloidal stability appeared to be strongly dependent of the initial stability of the grafted inorganic colloidal suspension in water. The morphology of the nanocomposite latex particles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and correlated with the surface modification and experimental polymerization conditions. Finally, in case of silica, films have been elaborated from the nanocomposite latexes and their mechanical properties have been evaluated and interpreted in view of the characteristics of the composite particles
Cau, Camille. "Influence de la méthode de synthèse sur les propriétés structurales et catalytiques d'oxydes mixtes cérium-zirconium." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20192/document.
Full textCerium-zirconium mixed oxides are at the heart of numerous research subjects. Indeed, these materials are used in different fields of application, and particularly in catalysis in three-way catalyst for automobile or for organic pollutant oxidation. The interest for this compound resides in its remarkable oxidoreduction properties, its oxygen storage capacity and its resistance to sintering. Consequently, numerous preparation methods have been developed and underline the high sensitivity of these oxides to the synthesis way. In the present work, two main synthesis have been employed, coprecipitation (aqueous medium) and diketonate degradation (non-aqueous medium). These syntheses have been realized with several techniques which are (i) heating at atmospheric pressure, (ii) hydrothermal treatment, (iii) sonolysis and (iv) combination of sonolysis and hydrothermal treatments, in a successive or simultaneous way. In order to realize this last and innovative method, a reactor allowing sonochemical treatment under high temperature and pressure has been developed. Under these conditions, the ultrasounds chemical activity has been proved during light or heavy water or hydrocarbon sonolysis. During the (Ce,Zr)O2 preparation, other parameters than the synthesis technique have been studied such as the surfactant presence or the solvent chain length. Thus, it has been shown that, in the case of aqueous synthesis, the use of the sonothermal reactor has a real effect on the specific surface area of the material in comparison of successive realization of sonochemical and hydrothermal treatments. Oxides with the more interesting structural properties have been selected for being used as supports of noble metal in the Pt/(Ce,Zr)O2 catalysts. The evaluation of the catalytic activity of these materials, during the catalytic wet air oxidation of formic acid, showed that it not only depends on the synthesis method, but also on the platinum deposition method and the pair platinum deposition method/support synthesis method
Aouad, Samer. "Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques et catalytiques des solides à base de ruthénium : applications dans des réactions d'intérêts environnementaux : oxydation des suies, des COV et vaporeformage du méthanol." Littoral, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DUNK0202.
Full textRuthenium supported on ceria, alumina and mixed supports catalysts are studied in carbon black combustion, VOC oxidation and steam reforming of methanol. Ruthenium supported on ceria catalysts are active and selective for CO2 formation in oxidation reactions. This is correlated to the presence of two different species of ruthenium oxides in interaction with ceria. These two species are easily reducible at low temperature. It is also showed that the optimal content of ruthenium on ceria is about 1,5wt. %. For higher contents, the reactivity is no more improved due to the formation of RuO2 agglomerates which are less reactive than ruthenium oxides in interaction with ceria. The carbon black oxidation mechanism in the presence of our catalysts begins with the reduction of ruthenium oxide species in interaction with ceria. These species are then oxidized again by reaction with the oxygen present in the gaseous phase. A similar mechanism is envisaged in the oxidation of the VOCs. The thermal effect related to the catalytic oxidation of VOC is then evidenced in the simultaneous combustion of soot and VOC. This result confirms that it is possible to use our catalysts to eliminate soot emitted by Diesel engines and some industries. The positive role of ceria support is pointed out in the steam reforming of methanol reaction. The interaction between ceria and ruthenium seems to be also responsible for the carbon monoxide elimination from reaction products. The presence of palladium improves the H2 selectivity in the reaction
Kasperek, Joseph. "Contribution à l'étude de la germination et de la croissance du graphite dans les fontes synthétiques. Etude physicochimique de quelques oxydes mixtes de manganèse à structure spinelle." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES011.
Full textFéral-Martin, Cédric. "Influence de la morphologie d'oxydes à base de cérium sur les relations (micro)structures/propriétés." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558077.
Full text