Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Oxydes de manganèse – Synthèse'
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Floros, Nicolas. "Synthèse, caractérisation structurale et propriétés physiques de nouveaux oxydes de manganèse." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN2047.
Full textCherchour, Nabila. "Synthèse électrochimique et caractérisation du dioxyde de manganèse nanostructuré : application au stockage d'énergie et comme capteur pH." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066370.
Full textIn a first part, the synthesis of MnO2 powders was carried out by CP at 80 ° C on a titanium electrode in an aqueous solution containing MnSO4 and H2SO4. The ε-MnO2 powders obtained are nanostructured. The electrochemical behavior of such MnO2 powders in alkaline KOH (1 M) was investigated by EIS after aging of these powders by CV and EIS using the CME. The results showed that i) the reduction of MnO2 in this medium occurs in parallel with the reduction of dissolved oxygen and ii) that its reactivity is influenced by the aging of these powders produced by CV or function of immersion time. In a second part, an electrodeposition method based on chronoamperometry was used to develop a highly reproducible and fast elaboration method of adherent manganese dioxide thin films on a glassy carbon electrode from aqueous solutions containing MnSO4 and H2SO4. The resulting films were found to have a nanostructured character presumably due rather to birnessite (-MnO2) than to -MnO2, as suggested by their Raman and XRD signatures. They lead to modified electrodes that present an obvious although complex pH dependent potentiometric response when used in open circuit conditions. This sensor indeed showed a single slope non-Nernstian behaviour over the 1. 5-12 pH range for increasing pH direction (“trace”) whereas a two slope Nernstian behaviour was observed for decreasing pH direction (“re-trace”). EIS experiments carried out at a pH value of 1. 8 reveal a sensitivity mechanism based on a proton insertion process at least at highly acidic pH values. This mechanism is not altered by the presence of the studied interferents (K+, Ca2+, Cl- and Li+) with the exception of Fe2+
Boumaiza, Hella. "Synthèse de matériaux lamellaires à base de manganèse pour la dépollution des eaux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0009/document.
Full textIn marine and sediments, the conversion of combined nitrogen to dinitrogen is traditionally assumed to take place via the coupled bacterial nitrification-denitrification process or through the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). But, the low ammonium concentrations observed in the Mn-oxide rich sediments suggested the existence of an alternative pathway that might take place via a chemical process. Among manganese oxide, birnessite was found to be the most existing form in soils and sediments. It is a lamellar oxide containing both Mn(III) and Mn(IV) in its structure and characterized by its high reactivity. This work aims to highlight the nature of the reactivity of the triclinic Na-birnessite synthesized via a redox method with ammonium. This interaction was suspected, in previous studies, to involve a cationic exchange mechanism only. The first part of this manuscript is dedicated to the synthesis of a pure phase birnessite via a redox process. The Mn(VII):Mn(II) ratio of 0.33 was chosen and three methods were used consisting in a quick mixing under vigorous stirring of two of the three reagents and then on the dropwise addition of the third one. The study of numerous reaction parameters (the order of reagent mixing, the addition time of the third reagent, the aging method, the nature of the cation used and the dissolved oxygen effect) highlighted the key role played by oxygen in the formation of a pure birnessite and a mechanism of formation has been proposed. The second part focused on the interaction of Na-birnessite with ammonium. The study of numerous reaction parameters (the initial ammonium concentration, the contact time, the pH and the temperature of the medium) by monitoring both solid and liquid changes allowed us to demonstrate that birnessite is not only acting as a cationic exchanger toward NH4+. Indeed, the surface analysis performed by XPS showed that N1s spectra are characterized by the existence of two different environments: one assignable to an interlayer NH4+ and the second to a chemisorbed N-species. Structural and chemical transformations were observed on birnessite with nitrogen mass balance deficit. The monitoring of NH4+, Na+, Mn2+, NO3- and NO2- and solid changes (average oxidation state of Mn, cation exchange capacity, solid nitrogen content and symmetry evolution identified by XRD and FTIR) indicate unambiguously that NH4+ reacts chemically with the birnessite
Quetel, Weben Simon. "Optimisation des propriétés thermoélectriques des oxydes Ca1-xTRxMnO3-delta." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2069.
Full textThis work is focused on the relationship between micro/nanostructure and thermoelectric properties of Ca1-xTRxMnO3-δ compound, where TR is a trivalent rare earth. In order to increase the thermoelectric properties, we used, firstly, different powder synthesis techniques and, secondly, an alternative densification method such as Spark plasma Sintering have been investigated. Nature and concentration of the substituent rare earths has been optimized in order to increase the figure of merit ZT. Two compounds catch our attention, Ca0. 9Yb0. 1MnO3-δ and Ca0. 95Sm0. 05MnO3-δ. Compared to conventional synthesis processes, the development of the coprecipitation synthesis allow us to prepare fine powder (~70 nm) with homogeneous microstructures. This synthesis leads to decrease the sintering temperature as well as it enhances the thermoelectric properties. The figure of merit reaches a maximum value of 0. 2 at 1000K. The sintering by SPS gave fast densification of the powder as well as the limited grain growth. The combination of coprecipitation synthesis and SPS leads to a dense ceramic with a 450°C lowering of the final sintering temperature as compared to the one made by conventional methods. Unfortunately, mixed valence oxides sintered by SPS show oxygen reduction. To overcome this problem, different experiment were carried out, in particular a SPS sintering was made under an oxidizing atmosphere showing interesting results
Gaillot, Anne-Claire. "Caractérisation structurale de la birnessite : Influence du protocole de synthèse." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005304.
Full textAh-Lung, Guillaume. "Mise au point et optimisation d'un procédé de synthèse chimique de MnO2 : application aux supercondensateurs aqueux." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4022.
Full textThe emergence of applications requiring increasingly high energy and power densities while ensuring safety utilization, at the most interesting costs stimulates the research of efficient, simple to implement, eco-friendly and non-hazardous materials.This thesis focuses on the synthesis of manganese oxides, with controlled-morphology and –structure as a positive electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors operating in aqueous electrolyte as part of the current environmental and industrial policies. An initial investigation of the synthesis parameters allowed us to identify the pH as a predominant parameter for controlling the oxide morphology and structure at room temperature. The combination of viscous solvent and basic pH led to crystalline Birnessite manganese oxide, attractive for electrochemical applications. A deep physicochemical and electrochemical study highlighted a strong correlation between the morphological, structural and textural properties with electrochemical performances. Thus, such materials exhibit capacitances around 200 F.g-1. The development of MnO2//Graphene asymmetric supercapacitors operating in aqueous electrolyte generate high energy and power densities (> 15 Wh.kg-1, > 2 kW.kg-1) compared to similar devices reported in literature. Moreover, further studies were performed to better understand the MnO2 storage mechanisms and demonstrated that an electrode sizing with a high loading (> 10 mg.cm-2) is possible, while maintaining interesting performances. A thermodynamic investigation of aqueous electrolytes highlights the cyclability of our devices at -20°C, giving a solution to other constraints
Portehault, David. "Synthèse par chimie douce en milieu aqueux d'oxydes de manganèse nano-structurés : des matériaux pour batteries au lithium ?" Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812589.
Full textNdjeri-Ndjouhou, Marthe. "Synthèse et caractérisation de la birnessite électrodéposée : application à la dégradation du glyphosate." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EVRY0001/document.
Full textThis thesis has been focused on birnessite, a ubiquitous manganese oxide in the environment, which plays a fundamental role in soil geochemistry. The first part of this thesis has been devoted to the electrodeposition and the characterizations of birnessite by electrochemical methods coupled with X-ray diffraction. The in-situ XRD characterization during electrodeposition has shown, in presence of the electrolytic cation Na+, the formation of a precursor, buserite, whereas no precursor is formed in presence of electrolytic cation K+, the synthesis leading directly to birnessite. The electrochemical reduction of birnessite has also been studied in function of the medium ([Mn (II)], pH, potential). Birnessite is reduced into hausmannite (Mn3O4), feitknechtite (-MnOOH), or an amorphous compound of Mn (II), as function of experimental conditions. In the second part of this thesis, the thin films have been used to study the reactivity of birnessite for degrading glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA (amino-methyl phosphonic). Glyphosate is degraded with simultaneous formation of AMPA, formaldehyde, phosphate ion, nitrate ion and ammonium ion, without macroscopic modification of birnessite. The last four by-products are also obtained during the degradation of AMPA by birnessite. The good yields obtained during glyphosate / birnessite and AMPA / birnessite interactions permit to envisage a possible application of these thin films for the treatment of wastewater
Azalim, Saïd. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxydes mixtes à base de zirconium, cérium et manganèse, massiques ou supportés sur monolithe, destinés à l'oxydation catalytique totale du 1-butanol." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10089/document.
Full textVolatile Organic Compounds are widespread pollutants harmful to human health and environmentally damaging. The elimination of these compounds at low concentrations in the air by catalytic oxidation is a promising mean for the VOCs selective destruction at low temperatures. A preparation of new noble metals-free catalytic formulations appropriate for the nature of the VOCs to be treated is an important issue. In this work we study catalysts based on Zr, Ce and Mn designed for total oxidation of 1-butanol. Mixed oxides of Zr, Ce and Mn, bulk or supported on a monolith, were synthesized. A variable compound of the type Zr0,4Ce0,6-xMnxO2 was prepared in order to optimize the composition of the material. The sol-gel method was used for the preparation of oxide precursors. These precursors were activated by two different routes, thermal and microwave. Their physico-chemical characterization highlighted particularly the contribution of the microwave for samples with high Mn loading. The precursor gels were also used to coat a layer based on Zr, Ce and Mn on a cordierite monolithic support type, coating being revealed by microscopic and spectroscopic characterization. The activity and selectivity of various catalysts were tested in the oxidation reaction of 1-butanol. The best performance was obtained for the composition Zr0,4Ce0,12Mn0,48O2 regardless of the activation of activation (thermal or microwave) and shaping (powder or monolith). These results could be explained by the excellent textural properties, redox and acid-base of these materials
Charenton, Jean-Claude. "Synthèse et caractérisation structurale et physico-chimique de quelques variétés non-stoechiométriques de bioxyde de manganèse." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10089.
Full textTreuil, Nadine. "Synthèse et caractérisation des composants d'un accumulateur au lithium : électrolytes polymères à conduction Li+, électrodes d'oxydes de lithium et de manganèse." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00145597.
Full textEl, Amrani Mohamed. "Synthèse et caractérisation spectroscopique d oxydes multiferroïques.Y1-xInxMn1-yFeyO3 et RCrO3 (R = terre rare)." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4046/document.
Full textIn multiferroics, at least two different ferroic orders coexist (ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, ferroelastici and ferrotoroidici) or anti-ferroic. These different properties can be coupled or not. Among these materials, the most studied are those with magnetic and ferroelectric orders. The presence of magnetoelectric coupling between these two orders, allows one to control the polarization by the application of a magnetic field and vice versa. However very few of these materials have transition temperatures above room temperature. These multiferoics materials can be separated into two categories : the first one includes the materials where the transitions of both orders are independent ; the second comprises the materials the ferroelectric transition of which is related to magnetic ordering. In this thesis we have studied two types of multiferroic oxides, one belongs to the first category (YMnO3) and the other to the second (RCrO3 )
Zaied, Salem Manel. "Synthèses et caractérisations des oxydes de manganèse déposés en couches minces par voie électrochimique : application à la dépollution des effluents industriels chargés en colorants organiques." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EVRY0042.
Full textPollution of dyes is a great problem of the environment in many countries that is why the main objective of this thesis was to test the potential of birnessite to degrade organic dyes. Initially, we determined the adequate experimental conditions to obtain thin layers of pure birnessite Mn7O13, with good reproducibility of synthesis. The good spontaneous reactivity of these layers to degrade and mineralize phenothiazine dyes (Methylene Blue, Azure A, Azure B, Azure C, Thionine), under mild conditions, was demonstrated. This degradation is via a reaction of N-demethylation followed by an adsorption step of Thionine, which is then mineralized into ammonium and nitrate ions. Their spontaneous reactivity is more effective for the degradation and mineralization of Indigo Carmine. Without the adsorption step of an intermediate compound, it is possible to reuse these samples without energy supply. The electrochemical activation of the layers of birnessite has significantly improved their efficiency for the degradation of phenothiazine dyes, by the absence of the adsorption step of the Thionine, compared to their spontaneous reactivity. In addition to their low energy requirement, the thin layers of birnessite appear very promising because their proven efficacy in interactions carried out in a cell with a continuous flow of solution. The birnessite thin film is a very interesting material for the development of a simple and ecological method applied to the treatment of waste water loaded with dyes
Pajot, Ségolène. "Synthèse et caractérisation d’oxydes lamellaires riches en lithium et en manganèse obtenus sous la forme de gradients de concentration pour les batteries Li-ion." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0277/document.
Full textThis work describes in details the implementation of the synthesis protocol for theformation of Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides with concentration-gradients. The purposewas to develop the synthesis of Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides in the bulk of sphericalaggregates of active material and, moving to the surface, to enrich the layered oxides’composition with Co and Ni, in order to combine a high energy density (provided bythe bulk) and an excellent thermal and structural stability (provided by the surface).The synthesis was performed in two steps, a coprecipitation to form a transition metalcarbonate followed by a calcination at high temperature to obtain the lithiated activematerial. The influence of several parameters (pH, feeding rate, size of the reactor,composition …) on the nature of the carbonates formed with concentration-gradientswas studied. Similarly, the control of the Li/M ratio (with M = Ni, Co, Mn) and of thetemperature and duration of calcination was revealed to be important to maintain theconcentration-gradient in the lithiated materials. The Li/M ratio is also the keyparameter to control the nature of the materials obtained (layered - spinel or layered -layered). Advanced characterizations, complex to be implemented, were performed inorder to obtain in-depth information on the distribution of phases within the aggregates(composition and structure), from the bulk to the surface: complementary microscopytechniques (EPMA, SEM-EDS and FIB-STEM) were widely used. The most interestingmaterials were studied in Lithium-ion batteries with graphite at the negative electrode,their electrochemical performance and the thermal stability in the charged state of thebattery were compared to the state of art, and particularly to the bulk Li and Mn-richlayered oxide
Vasseur, Sébastien. "Synthèse, caractérisation et échauffement par induction de nanoparticules magnétiques hybrides à cœur La0. 75Sr0. 25MnO3 pour applications thermothérapeutiques en cancérologie." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13462.
Full textWortham, Etienne. "Intercalation et échange ionique dans les oxydes de manganèse lamellaires. Formation de mésophases oxydes de manganèse-alkylamine." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20030.
Full textBernard, Caroline. "Synthèse hydrothermale d'oxydes La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3+8) et ZrO(2)-8%Y(2)O(3) sous forme de poudre et de couches minces et caractérisations." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30098.
Full textThe aim of my research work was to develop hydrothermal synthesis procedure to get powders and films of strontium doped lanthanum manganite La1-xSrxMnO3+d, (LSMO) and yttrium stabilized zirconia ZrO2-8mol% Y2O3 (YSZ) and to optimize the properties of materials with significiant ratio surface/volume. The use of hydrothermal synthesis at low temperature under homogeneous pressure appeared recently. For the synthesis of powders, first we defined the parameters leading to single phased un-doped manganite samples. We investigated the crystallization stage of the amorphous powder resulting from the hydrothermal synthesis by W. A. X. S. . We also characterized some physical properties by internal friction technique. For LSMO, the procedure was developped involving the methodology of experimental research. This choice is positive, because we obtain the oxide wished after two plans experimentation originals. We optimized the hydrothermal synthesis and characterized 8 mol % Y2O3 stabilized zirconia. In the second time, we investigated the deposition of films: YSZ layers on polycristalline aAl2O3 and LaMnO3+d substrates; LaMnO3+d layers on polycristalline aAl2O3, YSZ and Mn doped YSZ supports. We obtained covering layers but ould not avoid the formation of cracks
Damay, Françoise. "Syntheses, structures et proprietes de nouveaux oxydes de manganese a magnetoresistance geante." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN2020.
Full textAllard, Sébastien. "Formation de composés organiques iodés catalysée par les oxydes de manganèse." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Allard-Sebastien/2008-Allard-Sebastien-These.pdf.
Full textManganese dioxides (MnO2) are present in the environment and are used in water treatment for the catalytic removal of manganese. This study shows that manganese dioxide acts as a catalyst in the iodination of natural organic matter. Natural Mn product and synthetic birnessite were used. Iodide ion is oxidised to iodate ion by synthetic birnessite. Molecular iodine was analysed as reactive intermediate species in the oxidation of iodide ion into iodate ion for pH < 7. 5. Iodate ion and iodine are adsorbed on manganese oxide. In presence of natural organic matter (NOM) and iodide ion, it was shown that birnessite (dMnO2) can initiate the formation of organic iodine like iodoform, iodomethane and iodoacetic acid. Iodoform, a toxic and taste and odour compound, was the main identified iodinated organic compounds. It was postulated that manganese dioxide can promote the halogenation of organic matter at acidic pH by oxidizing iodide ion to iodine but also by polarising the elemental iodine molecule. Formation of toxic and taste and odour compounds is then expected when iodide containing natural source waters are in contact with manganese dioxide in environment and during treatment of Mn containing waters
Averlant, Rémy. "Elimination catalytique du formaldéhyde sur oxydes de manganèse supportés ou massiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10044/document.
Full textFormaldehyde is found either in indoor air or in industrial atmosphere due to its use as raw material for manufacture industry (especially wood and furniture industry). This pollutant has recognized dramatic harmful effects on human health. The objective of the Ph.D. is to develop new low cost and efficient materials for the catalytic elimination of formaldehyde at low temperature.The first step of the Ph.D. work concerned the dispersion of manganese oxide in organized silica host (SBA-15), with a systematic study of the preparation parameters on the final materials properties. From this study, we demonstrated that the use of a hybrid structure directing agent / silica host as support, in the case of melt infiltration impregnation, is an efficient way to favor divided manganese oxide formation with maintain of the accessibility to active sites. So obtained materials are highly active and selective to CO2, for the formaldehyde catalytic oxidation. Activities obtained are directly comparable to this obtained over reference platinum catalyst. The second part of the Ph.D. was devoted to the study of bulk manganese oxide modification. Objective is, starting from a commercial poorly efficient material, to achieve the production of active manganese oxide, using a simple solvent free process. The developed approach, in two grinding steps, involved: (i) the reduction of crystal size, down to few nanometers (with high energy ball milling process), (ii) the development of accessible surface (with low energy ball milling process). The catalytic activity was directly related to the improvement in textural properties over the material
Bartoli, Céline. "Contribution à l'étude structurale des brinessites monocliniques saturées au potassium et au rubidium." Orléans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ORLE2028.
Full textBrandhorst, Markus. "Oxydes et phosphates mésoporeux fonctionnels : préparation, caractérisation et application dans la conversion des oxydes d'azote." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20017.
Full textParc, Sylvie. "Contribution à l'étude cristallochimique et thermodynamique des oxy-hydroxydes de manganèse dans l'altération latéritique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30058.
Full textDiao, Guiqiang. "Preparation of manganese oxides by soft chemistry processes : applications to the catalytic combustion of dimethyl ether and evaluation of their electrochemical properties." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077201.
Full textThis study concerns the preparation, the characterization, the catalytic applications and the electrochemical properties of different manganese oxides. Several synthetic strategies were used : i) sol-gel process, ii) hydrothermal methods, iii) preparation methods under ultrasonic irradiation and iv) the polyol process. Highly pure birnessite and cryptomelane have been prepared by the sol-gel process and a plausible formation mechanism for the preparation of these solids is proposed. A fast preparation method for the cryptomelane under ultrasonic irradiation assistance (UL) was also developed. The catalytic activity of these solids was evaluated for the dimethylether (DME) combustion and compared to that of manganese oxides prepared using a facile hydrothermal method (HT) and with the ultrasonic assisted method. The catalytic activity is mainly dominated by the cristalline phase and the preparation method, which follows the order : cryptomelane (UL) > cryptomelane (HT) > cryptomelane (Sol-gel) > birnessite (Sol-gel) > β-MnO₂(HT) > γ-MnO₂ (HT). Moreover, the catalytic activity of birnessite and cryptomelane towards DME combustion can be enhanced through Ce incorporation via ion exchange and impregnation methods. Birnessite and LiMn₂ O₄ were also prepared using the polyol process. The two solids display high specific surface areas, respectively 137 and 329 m². G- ¹ with very small particle sizes. Preliminary electrochemical tests performed with LiMn₂O₄ show promising results
Tedjar, Farouk. "Contribution à l'étude physico-chimique de [gamma]MnO2 : conduction mixte électronique-protonique." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0103.
Full textChalmin, Emilie. "Caractérisation des oxydes de manganèse et usage des pigments noirs au Paléolithique supérieur." Marne-la-Vallée, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00120355.
Full textPalaeolithic men used two main colors: red (natural hematite pure or mixed with clays) and black (charcoal or manganese oxides). These pigments could be prepared by grinding, mixing and perhaps heating. Physicochemical analyses attempt to determine the nature of the matter, its preparation mode and its provenance. Different phases of manganese oxide are distinguished by their elemental composition, their structure and the oxidation state of Mn ion (II, III, IV). Structural transformation of manganese oxides during heat-treatment could be observed by means of TEM. Specific marks allow the distinction between natural or heat-treated manganese oxides, such as pores in bixbyite phase (Mn2O3). Archaeological samples from various sites Palaeolithic in France and Spain were studied. From these analyses, new conclusions are drawn concerning the technical competence of prehistoric men. The samples from caves present both mixed and raw pigments. However black heated pigments have never been found in the studied samples
Ortin, Yannick. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes manganèse-propynylidène dérivés du méthylcymantrène." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30036.
Full textNgo, Van Giang. "Nanoparticules hybrides oxydes métalliques/polymères : synthèse et caractérisation." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768240.
Full textJavanaud, Cédric. "Rôle de l'oxydation anaérobie de l'ammonium dans la production de N2 : Anamox et nitrification anaérobie impliquant la réduction des oxydes de manganèse." Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22025.
Full textNitogen imputs in coastal environment are abundant and diverse. Therefore, nitrogen removal throught the production of dinitrogen (N2) is one of the majorphenomena controlling eutophisation. However, the most abundant form of nitrogen is ammonium which can not be eliminated directly in N2 in aerobiosis. Thus, the aerobic oxidation of NH4+ to NO3- (nitrification) is a major factor regulating nitrogen outlet of the ecosystem by coupling nitrification/ denitrification in aerobic/anaerobic interfaces
Ryabova, Anna. "Électrocatalyse de la réduction de l'oxygène et du peroxyde d'hydrogène sur les oxydes de manganèse." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF011/document.
Full textManganese oxides are of great interest due to their catalytic activity towards the ORR (the oxygen reduction reaction) in alkaline media and can be used as noble metal-free materials for the cathode in liquid and polymer electrolyte alkaline fuel cells. The present thesis is devoted to the investigation of the ORR activity of manganese oxides. It was shown that Mn2O3 with bixbyite structure has a better catalytic activity toward the ORR in alkaline media than other investigated manganese oxide, the surface activity of Mn2O3 is only 4 times lower than that of Pt at an overvoltage of 0.3 V (RHE). The link between the structure of Mn oxides and the ORR activity is found: the specific ORR activity exponentially increases with the potential of the surface Mn(III)/Mn(IV) red-ox couple. To ensure the high electrocatalytic activity of Mn2O3, it is necessary to add carbon to the electrode composition, as well as to keep potential above 0.7 V (RHE)
Tailliez, Tiphaine. "Oxydes lamellaires à base de cobalt, de nickel et de manganèse pour électrodes de supercondensateurs." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0020.
Full textFaced with the ever faster growth of the world’s population and in order to avoid the utilization of fossil resources, it is necessary to structurally reform the production modes and consumption of energy by developing solutions based on renewable energies. Due to the erratic nature of the latter, it is essential to develop systems allowing reversible energy storage. Able to conciliate power and energy, supercapacitors have intermediate performances between dielectric capacitors and batteries. The assembly of a purely capacitive carbon negative electrode with a pseudocapacitive positive electrode (based on MnO2 or cobalt oxyhydroxide, for example), which is able to make surface redox reactions, seems to be a promising approach to improve performance. In this phD work, a systematic study on different cobalt (oxy)hydroxides (β(III)-HxCoO2, ϒ-HxNawKy(H2O)zCoO2 and Na0,6CoO2) was conducted to try to establish a link between the structure, the composition, the electronic properties and the electrochemical performances obtained in both neutral and alkaline electrolytes. The Υ phase exhibiting the best electronic conduction properties (σ ≈ 3 S/cm), diffusional and electrochemical ones (200 F/g in 5M KOH) was then integrated as a positive electrode in a complete device. Moreover, in order to synergistically gathering in the same lamellar material, the pseudo-capacitive properties of manganese-based phases, the good electronic conduction properties associated with Co4+, as well as the capacitive properties associated to nickel, asbolane-type phases with regular alternation of layers containing these three transition metals have been developed. In alkaline electrolytes, capacities of more than 150 F/g were obtained after 3,000 galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles at 1 A/g. This represents a performance 7.5 times higher than birnessite (MnO2), which was used as a precursor during the synthesis of these materials
Legrand, Olivier. "Nouveaux oxydes d'ortho-hydroxyarylphosphines chiraux, synthèse et applications en catalyse asymétrique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30046.
Full textFranger, Sylvain. "Synthese, caracterisation et etude des proprietes electrochimiques de nouveaux oxydes de manganese pour electrodes positives d'accumulateurs au lithium." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066094.
Full textKasperek, Joseph. "Contribution à l'étude de la germination et de la croissance du graphite dans les fontes synthétiques. Etude physicochimique de quelques oxydes mixtes de manganèse à structure spinelle." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES011.
Full textHuguet, Mélissa. "Réactivité d'un oxyde de manganèse naturel vis-à-vis de composés pharmaceutiques." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2290/document.
Full textThe reactivity of a natural manganese oxide towards four pharmaceutical compounds was studied. Whereas carbamazepine does not interact with the oxide, paracetamol is eliminated for residence time of a few minutes during column experiment and converted into benzoquinone (BZQ) for pH < 6. The oxidation rate decreases with increasing pH. MOPS buffer inhibits the reactivity because of competition mechanism. Dissolved manganese has no effect but organic matter reduces BZQ formation probably through cross coupling reactions. Diclofenac is eliminated in the same conditions with similar effect of pH and MOPS. Identification of by-products shows decarboxylation of diclofenac. ATR-FTIR analysis shows adsorption of triclosan without oxidation. Sorption capacities were obtained in column and closed reactors. Manganese oxides can then participate to the degradation of these molecules in the environment and water treatment
Bardelle, Philippe. "Synthèse du mononitrure mixte d'uranium-plutonium par réduction des oxydes." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX30049.
Full textLafont, Ugo. "Oxydes de titane mésoporeux : synthèse, caractérisation et modification de surface." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20150.
Full textQuiroz, Torres Jhon Jhon. "Formaldehyde catalytic oxidation over mesoporous manganese based materials." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10095/document.
Full textIndoor air quality is currently a societal concern. Formaldehyde is an important air pollutant in various indoor environments, including houses, offices and industries. The catalytic complete oxidation of formaldehyde is a promising way to convert this pollutant into harmless products. Transition metal oxides based catalysts are described as the most promising catalysts. Among these oxides, manganese oxide based materials are promising, cheap, non-toxic and effective catalysts to convert formaldehyde at low temperature. The present work aims to develop a novel mesoporous manganese oxide based catalyst for low temperature formaldehyde catalytic removal. Mesoporous manganese oxides containing variable amounts of cerium were first obtained by chemical activation (acid treatment). The optimization in the synthesis of mesoporous manganese oxide under controlled atmosphere produces a layered mesostructure manganese oxide. The delamination of this layered mesostructure oxide, after calcination, produces high surface area manganese oxides with improved redox properties and the most active catalyst completely oxidizes HCHO into CO2 and H2O at 110 °C. Finally, Mg Mn and Al hydrotalcites based compounds, activated by ultrasound, are employed as precursors to obtain high surface area mixed manganese oxide. The effect of ultrasound contribution and the elemental composition of the material (Mg / Mn) on the structural, textural, basic and catalytic properties of the resulting mixed oxides have been particularly studied
Le, Cras Frédéric. "Oxydes Li-Mn-O pour accumulateurs au lithium : synthèses nouvelles, aspects structuraux et électrochimiques." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00530193.
Full textTheil, Sylvie. "Complexes polynucléaires du manganèse (II),(III), (IV). Synthèse, réactivité, propriétés magnétiques et structurales." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30078.
Full textHumbert, Olivier. "Synthèse, caractérisations et propriétés de surface de nanopoudres d'oxydes à vocation catalytique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL086N.
Full textWe studied the influence of high energy bail milling crushing on Iwo types of oxides with catalytic properties. First of ail, two titanium dioxide powders (TiO2 PG and TiO2 GG) were characterized according to the time of milling. During milling, TiO2 anatase is transformed into rutile via a phase hot pressure/hot temperature called TiO2 Il. With TiO2 PG, we tried to correlate the decrease of the photocatalytic activity and the evolution of the properties of surface with the time of milling. The second family of oxides is composed of zirconia and ceria as weil as two solid solutions formed starting from these two powders. We compared the properties of surface of the powders synthesized according to three ways (an annealing and 2 milling) for the solid solutions and the effect of milling on the properties of surface of the starting powders. We could note notable and interesting differences between the powders obtained by milling and the powders obtained by thermal way
Martins, Rodrigues Ana Candida. "Synthèse et propriétés électriques de verres oxydes conducteurs par ion lithium." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0010.
Full textLabegorre, Jean baptiste. "Synthèse et caractérisation de matériaux oxydes et oxylfures pour applications thermoélectriques." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC272/document.
Full textThe development of new thermoelectric materials with good performance and low cost is necessary to make this technology more accessible and thus achieve a significant environmental impact. The work presented in this thesis deals with the synthesis and the structural and physicochemical characterisation of inexpensive oxides, oxysulfides and sulfides compounds in order to study their thermoelectric properties.The first study investigates the influence of low indium contents on the structure and properties of zinc oxide. The characterization of the samples by transmission electron microscopy shows that the solubility of indium in ZnO is less than 0.5 at%. The bidimensional defects formed from low concentrations of indium greatly reduce the electrical resistivity and the thermal conductivity of the material. In parallel with this work, our interest focused on the thermoelectric performances of the oxysulfide BiCuOS through a substitution of Pb at the Bi site. The aliovalent substitution allows a decrease in the electrical resistivity of the material. However, the later remains too high due to a low solubility of the divalent cation in the BiCuOS phase. The last two chapters are dedicated to the study of sulfides compounds. During this work, the natural kiddcreekite mineral phase (Cu6SnWS8) is synthesized for the first time in a laboratory. The successive steps followed to increase the purity of the product is described while the thermoelectric performance of the material is evaluated. Finally, our attention focused on the compounds MnBi4S7 and FeBi4S7 whose crystalline structure seems compatible with a low lattice thermal conductivity. The measured electrical and thermal transport properties are correlated with the electronic structure and the vibrational properties calculated for the two phases. The compound MnBi4S7 thus appears as a promising n-type semiconductor for thermoelectric applications
Dutartre, Mathieu. "Oxydes de phosphines secondaires P-chirogéniques : nouvelle synthèse stéréosélective et applications." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS067/document.
Full textA new stereoselective synthesis of phosphinous acid boranes is described by hydrolysis of aminophosphines boranes prepared by reaction of the oxazaphospholidine complex derived from ephedrine with organolithium reagents.By reaction with a strong acid, the phosphinous acid boranes lead to the corresponding P-chirogenic secondary phosphine oxides in very good yields (90%) and with complete retention of the configuration at the phosphorus atom. The secondary phosphine oxides have been used in asymmetric hydrogenation and intramolecular Heck cyclisation using rhodium and palladium complexes, respectively. In a second part, a new synthesis of P-chirogenic ortho-halogenophenyl phosphine oxides is described. The principle of this synthesis is based on the addition of secondary phosphine oxides to a benzyne, prepared in situ from dihalogenobenzene. The o-halogenophenylphosphine oxides were used to prepare many functionalized derivatives in ortho position by reactions such as homocoupling with copper or heterocoupling catalyzed by palladium complexes. In the last part, the synthesis of chiral copper clusters was performed using P-chirogenic monophosphines. The X-ray structure, circular dichroism, and the photophysical properties of the chiral clusters were presented
Xin, Baowei. "De la chimie douce, au milieu hydrothermal étendu au domaine supercritique, du réacteur fermé au dispositif en continu : synthèse d'oxydes métalliques nanostructurés." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS015.
Full textTozri, Anowar. "Effet du désordre cationique sur les propriétés structurales magnétiques et électriques des oxydes magnétiques à base de manganèse." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENY055.
Full textManganites have been extensively studied over the past several years, a result of their displaying a colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) and the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). These materials with a perovskite structure (ABO3) are characterized by the general formula T1- xDxMnO3, (T: rare earth, D: alkaline earth), x being the doping level, the latter causing changes in the valence state of the Mn ions to maintain charge neutrality. The key parameters that control the physical properties of these oxides are the mean radius of the site A (), the size mismatch of cations of the site A (quantified by the variance σ 2) and the mixed valence of manganese. In our study, we focused on the effect of the quenched disorder created by the random substitution in the A site of the perovskite structure. Polycrystalline samples were synthesized for this purpose. The systems studied are La0,8Pb0,1□0,1MnO3 and La0,8Pb0,1Na0,1MnO3 have a parent compound La0,8Pb0,2MnO3 and La0,7Pb0,05Na0,25MnO3 with parent compound La0,7Pb0,3MnO3. For the first two materials, structural, electrical and magnetic studies are presented in this manuscript. These studies reveal the existence of ferromagnetic clusters at high temperature in the context of the formation of the Griffiths phase. In addition, we have demonstrated the existence of magnetic excitations of spin waves at very low temperature. From the variation of the Curie temperature, the variation of the stiffness constant of the spin wave and the evolution of the Griffiths phase, we have shown that the material La0,8Pb0,1□0,1MnO3 has the lowest and highest σ2 compared to La0,8Pb0,1Na0,1MnO3. These studies showed that the disorder is the mechanism influencing the physical properties of these materials. For the system, La0,7Pb0,05Na0,25MnO3, which has a high Curie temperature (above ambient) magnetic properties do not show a significant effect of the disorder, which is considered to be governed by the mechanism of double exchange. In this work, we are also interested in the influence of disorder on the critical exponents and the magnetocaloric effect. The analysis shows that the critical exponents for La0,8Pb0,1□0,1MnO3 are close to those of the Heisenberg model in three dimensions, while they are very close to those of mean field theory La0,8Pb0,1Na0,1MnO3. The disorder is quantified to be correlated with short-range or uncorrelated. For La0,7Pb0,05Na0,25MnO3, the critical exponents belong to the Heisenberg universality class, as expected theoretically. The study of magnetocaloric effect shows interesting values of the magnetic entropy change and the relative cooling power La0,7Pb0,05Na0,25MnO3. In addition, the inhomogeneous nature of these three compounds is confirmed by the study of the local exponent “n” which varies with the magnetic field for the entire temperature range studied
Vu, Van Hinh. "Combustion catalytique de COV et COV chlorés sur oxydes mixtes de cuivre et de manganèse supportés sur TiO2." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1805.
Full textThe aim of this work was to develop an effective, durable and inexpensive catalyst for the combustion of VOCs and chlorinated VOCs. A series of catalysts based on copper and manganese oxides supported on TiO2 anatase (Mnl-yCuyO,/T) was synthesized and studied for the combustion of toluene and propylene in order to optimize the catalyst formulation. MnCuO,,/T catalyst, with the molar ratio Mn/Cu = 1 and 5 wt% (Mn + Cu) as amount of active phase, showed to be the mort active. It allows the total combustion of toluene and propylene at 240 and 230°C respectively. The higher activity of MnCuO /T is attributed to the spinel phase Mn1. 6Cu1,a0a. M temperatures lower than that of total conversion, the deactivation by coke formation is observed. However, the catalyst recovers al activity by treatment in air at 300°C. The combustion of other thirty VOCs was performed. A correlation between the temperature of total combustion and the ionization potential of VOCs was found to be satisfactory in the case of non-oxygenated hydrocarbons. The study of the total combustion of chlorinated VOCs showed Chat MnCuO /f has a good performance in terms of activity and stability. Chlorobenzene was completely converted to H2O, C02 without formation of any toxic by-products (PhClx). No deactivation of catalyst was observed alter 5 days of testing. At lower temperatures, the catalyst is partially deactivated during first hours of test before reaching steady state. The regeneration in air at 350°C allows the catalyst to recover its initial activity whereas the chlorine is not completely eliminated. The results of various characterizations allowed proposing MnCuOx. ,Cl /T and MnCuOX. ,+bC1222b/T as deactivated and regenerated catalyst formulations respectively. Finally, a preliminary kinetic study allowed us to examine the validity of two models, power law and Mars and van Ktevelen based model for the CB oxidation
Pradon, Alexandre. "Le rôle du manganèse dans les oxydes lamellaires surlithiés lors de leur utilisation comme électrode d’accumulateurs au lithium." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=0522776d-cc16-4ef8-afb0-76f307c26b0c.
Full textLi-rich lamellar oxides Li1+xM1-xO2 have higher specific capacity than stoichiometric lamellar compounds. These materials are described as a nano-composite Li2MnO3-LiMO2. During the first charge, the material has an activation step at high potential with an electrochemical “plateau”. However, the cycling performance are not satisfying with for instance a capacity loss and a voltage decay. The electrochemical “plateau” was identified as the activation of the Li2MnO3. The material keeps a lamellar structure as observed by XRD. Manganese and oxygen are involved in the redox process during this step and also during the discharge, as demonstrated by XAS and EELS. Moreover, two DFT models, one corresponding to the migration of manganese in the transition metals layer (2D) and the other one in the lithium layer (3D), were used to validate observations done by HRTEM and XAS. The decrease of performance is linked to these manganese migrations, more important with cycling, especially in the lithium layer. Even if the use of a higher temperature has a positive impact on the first cycle, performance in cycling are less interesting. A material with a microstructure well organized and a coating get better performance in cycling but do not prevent from the voltage decay. Modification of the material intrinsic properties can reduce this phenomenon
Carboni, Michael. "Synthèse de modèles pour l'étude d'une nouvelle famille d'enzyme à fer et à manganèse." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00632024.
Full textBeghidja, Chahrazed. "Complexes mononucléaires et polynucléaires à base de manganèse : Synthèse, études structurales et propriétés magnétiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13107.
Full textThis work concerns the organometallic cristalchemistry and the magnetochemistry of complexes containing manganese, which present interesting magnetic properties. The magnetic properties of the ' single-molecule magnet' and the conditions necessary to observe such properties are presented in this manuscript. A detailed review of this molecules quoted in the literature is also presented. The two techniques of characterization used mainly –X-ray single crystals structure determination and magnetic measurements - are presented with their theoretical bases. A new series of mononuclear manganese complexes with a dithiocarbamate derived ligands are prepared and fully characterized by spectroscopic methods and a detailed single crystal X-ray diffraction. Other polynuclear complexes containing manganese were also prepared and characterized. The magnetic properties of these compounds were analyzed in detail and were interpreted taking into account their crystal structures. In the case of the binuclear complex containing Mn(III), the detailed magnetic study indicates the existence of a strong ferromagnetic interaction with the highest coupling constant in this type of compounds (J ≈ 20 cm-1). The results obtained in this magnetic study are corroborated by DFT calculations. The magnetic measurements for the pentanuclear complex with mixed valence Mn(II)/Mn(III), is indicative of the presence of dominant antiferromagnetic interactions between the various manganese ions