Academic literature on the topic 'Oxygen Hydrogen Combustion Turbine Power Generation System'
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Journal articles on the topic "Oxygen Hydrogen Combustion Turbine Power Generation System"
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Bannister, R. L., R. A. Newby, and W. C. Yang. "Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 2 (1998): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818116.
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Consideration of a hydrogen based economy is attractive because it allows energy to be transported and stored at high densities and then transformed into useful work in pollution-free turbine or fuel cell conversion systems. Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. The program is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for a hydrogen-based energy system. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when the hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. The full-scale demonstration will be a greenfield power plant located seaside. Hydrogen will be delivered to the site as a cryogenic liquid, and its cryogenic energy will be used to power an air liquefaction unit to produce pure oxygen. To meet the NEDO plant thermal cycle requirement of a minimum of 70.9 percent, low heating value (LHV), a variety of possible cycle configurations and working fluids have been investigated. This paper reports on the selection of the best cycle (a Rankine cycle), and the two levels of technology needed to support a near-term plant and a long-term plant. The combustion of pure hydrogen with pure hydrogen with pure oxygen results only in steam, thereby allowing for a direct-fired Rankine steam cycle. A near-term plant would require only development to support the design of an advanced high pressure steam turbine and an advanced intermediate pressure steam turbine.
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Bannister, R. L., R. A. Newby, and W. C. Yang. "Final Report on the Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 121, no. 1 (1999): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816310.
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Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. WE-NET is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for hydrogen-based energy systems. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. A Rankine cycle, with reheat and recuperation, was selected by Westinghouse as the general reference system. Variations of this cycle have been examined to identify a reference system having maximum development feasibility, while meeting the requirement of a minimum of 70.9 percent low heating value (LHV) efficiency. The strategy applied by Westinghouse was to assess both a near-term and long-term Reference Plant. The near-term plant requires moderate development based on extrapolation of current steam and combustion turbine technology. In contrast, the long-term plant requires more extensive development for an additional high pressure reheat turbine, and is more complex than the near-term plant with closed-loop steam cooling and extractive feedwater heating. Trade-offs between efficiency benefits and development challenges of the near-term and long-term reference plant are identified. Results of this study can be applied to guide the future development activities of hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine systems.
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Aminov, R. Z., and A. N. Egorov. "HYDROGEN-OXYGEN STEAM GENERATOR FOR A CLOSED HYDROGEN COMBUSTION CYCLE." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 13-15 (August 11, 2018): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2018.13-15.068-079.
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The paper analyzes the problems of combustion hydrogen in an oxygen medium for produce high-temperature steam that can be used to produce electricity at various power plants. For example, at the nuclear power plants, the use of a H2-O2 steam generator as part of a hydrogen energy complex makes it possible to increase its power and efficiency in the operational mode due to steam-hydrogen overheating of the main working fluid of a steam-turbine plant. In addition, the use of the hydrogen energy complex makes it possible to adapt the nuclear power plants to variable electric load schedules in conditions of increasing the share of nuclear power plants and to develop environmentally friendly technologies for the production of electricity. The paper considers a new solution of the problem of effective and safe use of hydrogen energy at NPPs with a hydrogen energy complex.Technical solutions for the combustion of hydrogen in the oxygen medium using direct injection of cooling water or steam in the combustion products have a significant drawback – the effect of “quenching” when injecting water or water vapor which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of recombination during cooling of combustion products that is expressed in an increase fraction of non-condensable gases. In this case, the supply of such a mixture to the steam cycle is unsafe, because this can lead to a dangerous increase in the concentration of unburned hydrogen in the flowing part of the steam turbine plant. In order to solve this problem, the authors have proposed a closed hydrogen cycle and a hydrogen vapor overheating system based on it, and carried out a study of a closed hydrogen combustion system which completely eliminates hydrogen from entering the working fluid of the steam cycle and ensures its complete oxidation due to some excess of circulating oxygen.The paper considers two types of hydrogen-oxygen combustion chambers for the system of safe generating of superheated steam using hydrogen in nuclear power plant cycle by using a closed system for burning hydrogen in an oxygen medium. As a result of mathematical modeling of combustion processes and heat and mass transfer, we have determined the required parameters of a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator taking into account the temperature regime of its operation, and a power range of hydrogen-oxygen steam generators with the proposed combustion chamber design.
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Aminov, R. Z., A. N. Bayramov, and M. V. Garievskii. "Evaluation of System Effectiveness of Multifunctional Hydrogen Complex at Nuclear Power Plants." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 13-15 (June 26, 2019): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2019.13-15.24-39.
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The paper gives the analysis of the problem of the primary current frequency regulation in the power system, as well as the basic requirements for NPP power units under the conditions of involvement in the primary regulation. According to these requirements, the operation of NPPs is associated with unloading and a corresponding decrease in efficiency. In this regard, the combination of nuclear power plants with a hydrogen complex is shown to eliminate the inefficient discharge mode which allows the steam turbine equipment and equipment of the reactor facility to operate in the basic mode at the nominal power level. In addition, conditions are created for the generation and accumulation of hydrogen and oxygen during the day, as well as additionally during the nighttime failure of the electrical load which allows them to be used to generate peak power. The purpose of the article is to assess the systemic economic effect as a result of the participation of nuclear power plants in combination with the hydrogen complex in the primary control of the current frequency in the power sys-tem, taking into account the resource costs of the main equipment. In this regard, the paper gives the justification of cyclic loading of the main equipment of the hydrogen complex: metal storage tanks of hydrogen and oxygen, compressor units, hydrogen-oxygen combustion chamber of vapor-hydrogen overheating of the working fluid in the steam turbine cycle of a nuclear power plant. The methodological foundations for evaluating the working life of equipment under cyclic loading with the participation in the primary frequency control by the criterion of the growth rate of a fatigue crack are described. For the equipment of the hydrogen complex, the highest intensity of loading is shown to occur in the hydrogen-oxygen combustion chamber due to high thermal stresses. The system economic effect is estimated and the effect of wear of the main equipment under cyclic loading is shown. Under the conditions of combining NPP power units with a hydrogen complex, the efficiency of primary reg-ulation is shown to depend significantly on: the cost of equipment subjected to cyclic loading; frequency and intensity of cyclic loading; the ratio of the tariff for peak electricity, and the cost of electricity of nuclear power plants. Based on the developed methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the participation of nuclear power plants with a hydrogen complex in the primary frequency control, taking into account the damage to the equipment, the use of the hydrogen complex is shown to provide a tangible economic effect compared with the option of unloading nuclear power plants with direct participation in frequency control.
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TAKEHANA, Kotaro, Ken OKAZAKI, and Tomohiro NOZAKI. "Basic Characteristics of Hydrogen Combustion Turbine Power Generation System." Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2019.24 (2019): D125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2019.24.d125.
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Takehana, Kotaro, Ken Okazaki, and Tomohiro Nozaki. "Basic Study of Oxygen-Hydrogen Combustion Power Generation System." Proceedings of the Thermal Engineering Conference 2020 (October 9, 2020): 0018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeted.2020.0018.
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Sednin, V. A., A. V. Sednin, and A. A. Matsyavin. "Analysis of Hydrogen Use in Gas Turbine Plants." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 66, no. 2 (2023): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2023-66-2-158-168.
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Improvement of the efficiency of modern power systems requires the development of storage technologies, optimization of operation modes, and increased flexibility. Currently, various technical solutions are used for electricity storage. The results of a literary review with an analysis of existing energy storage systems are presented, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. One of the promising solutions is the use of hydrogen as an energy storage medium. The creation of corresponding energy complexes makes it possible to obtain hydrogen by electrolysis of water, and then use it to cover peak loads. Various schemes with hydrogen-fired gas turbines with a pressure up to 35 MPa and a temperature of 1500–1700 °C were considered. The new scheme of power plant with hydrogen-fired gas turbines was synthesized, which includes a power block, hydrogen generation blocks and hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit for burning. An atmospheric electrolyzer was considered as a hydrogen and oxygen generator. For the proposed scheme, parametric optimization was performed, where the storage efficiency factor has been used as a criterion. The influence of inlet temperature in the combustion chamber, the compression rate of hydrogen and oxygen, as well as the specific energy costs of the electrolyzer were analyzed. The results of the numerical experiment were approximated in the form of polynomial dependencies, and can be used in further research on the economic efficiency of proposed power plant.
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Mustafa, Laith, Rafał Ślefarski, Radosław Jankowski, Mohammad Alnajideen, and Sven Eckart. "Modeling the Thermodynamics of Oxygen-Enriched Combustion in a GE LM6000 Gas Turbine Using CH4/NH3 and CH4/H2." Energies 18, no. 12 (2025): 3221. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123221.
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Gas turbines are widely used in power generation due to their reliability, flexibility, and high efficiency. As the energy sector transitions towards low-carbon alternatives, hydrogen and ammonia are emerging as promising fuels. This study investigates the thermodynamic and combustion performance of a GE LM6000 gas turbine fueled by methane/hydrogen and methane/ammonia fuel blends under varying levels of oxygen enrichment (21%, 30%, and 40% O2 by volume). Steady-state thermodynamic simulations were conducted using Aspen HYSYS, and combustion modeling was performed using ANSYS Chemkin-Pro, assuming a constant thermal input of 102 MW. Results show that increasing hydrogen content significantly raises flame temperature and burning velocity, whereas ammonia reduces both due to its lower reactivity. Net power output and thermal efficiency improved with higher fuel substitution, peaking at 43.46 MW and 42.7% for 100% NH3. However, NOx emissions increased with higher hydrogen content and oxygen enrichment, while NH3 blends exhibit more complex emission trends. The findings highlight the trade-offs between efficiency and emissions in future low-carbon gas turbine systems.
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Cook, C. S., J. C. Corman, and D. M. Todd. "System Evaluation and LBTU Fuel Combustion Studies for IGCC Power Generation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 4 (1995): 673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2815452.
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The integration of gas turbines and combined cycle systems with advances in coal gasification and gas stream cleanup systems will result in economically viable IGCC systems. Optimization of IGCC systems for both emission levels and cost of electricity is critical to achieving this goal. A technical issue is the ability to use a wide range of coal and petroleum-based fuel gases in conventional gas turbine combustor hardware. In order to characterize the acceptability of these syngases for gas turbines, combustion studies were conducted with simulated coal gases using full-scale advanced gas turbine (7F) combustor components. It was found that NOx emissions could be correlated as a simple function of stoichiometric flame temperature for a wide range of heating values while CO emissions were shown to depend primarily on the H2 content of the fuel below heating values of 130 Btu/scf (5125 kJ/NM3) and for H2/CO ratios less than unity. The test program further demonstrated the capability of advanced can-annular combustion systems to burn fuels from air-blown gasifiers with fuel lower heating values as low as 90 Btu/scf (3548 kJ/NM3) at 2300°F (1260°C) firing temperature. In support of ongoing economic studies, numerous IGCC system evaluations have been conducted incorporating a majority of the commercial or near-commercial coal gasification systems coupled with “F” series gas turbine combined cycles. Both oxygen and air-blown configurations have been studied, in some cases with high and low-temperature gas cleaning systems. It has been shown that system studies must start with the characteristics and limitations of the gas turbine if output and operating economics are to be optimized throughout the range of ambient operating temperature and load variation.
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TAKEHANA, Kotaro, Muhammad Husein RAHMAN, Ken OKAZAKI, and Tomohiro NOZAKI. "Impact of non-condensable gas on oxygen-hydrogen combustion power generation system." Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2021.15 (2021): 2021–0231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2021.15.2021-0231.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Oxygen Hydrogen Combustion Turbine Power Generation System"
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Järvinen, Mika, Konsta Turunen, Ari Seppälä, Janne Hirvonen, Neha Garg, and Annukka Santasalo-Aarnio. "Energy Storage Systems." In Green Energy and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69856-9_7.
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Abstract The transition to a system where an increasing proportion of energy is produced by variable sources, such as solar and wind, requires strategic development of energy storage systems. This chapter introduces various energy storage solutions that are needed to stabilize the variability of wind and solar power production. To reduce the required capacity of the largest storage systems, it is necessary to rethink the energy system as a whole. For instance, it may be more efficient to store energy as low-temperature heat rather than electricity, if this is in line with the end-use. Furthermore, it is essential to assess which components of energy generation and load are already flexible or can be made flexible. Additionally, the chapter addresses the so-called “hard-to-abate” sectors that are challenging to electrify, including heavy road transportation, marine transportation, aviation, and the chemical, cement, and metallurgical industries. These sectors have been constructed entirely on fossil-based raw materials, and as we transition away from fossil resources, it is essential to identify alternative solutions for these sectors. In the context of transportation, e-fuels derived from hydrogen and captured CO2 represent a promising avenue for continued utilization of internal combustion engine and gas turbine systems, which is advantageous in terms of scalability. Similarly, for chemical and metallurgical industries dependent on coal, oil, and natural gas, the potential exists to substitute these with green hydrogen and CO2 as raw materials.
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Escamilla, Antonio, David Sánchez Martínez, and Lourdes García-Rodríguez. "ACHIEVING 45% MICRO GAS TURBINE EFFICIENCY THROUGH HYBRIDIZATION WITH ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES." In Proceedings of the 7th International Seminar on ORC Power System (ORC 2023), 2024th ed. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/9788447227457_86.
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The demand for affordable, secure, and sustainable energy storage solutions has grown significantly with the increasing focus on decarbonization and the adoption of renewable energy sources (RES). Power-to-Power (P2P) energy storage systems (ESS) have emerged as a promising solution, utilizing excess electricity from RES to produce hydrogen for future power generation. This document presents a study on increasing the round-trip efficiency of P2P ESS by improving the electric efficiency of micro gas turbines (mGT) and integrating waste heat to power (WHP) technology. The research investigates the potential of mGTs as prime movers in P2P ESS, aiming to break the 45% electric efficiency barrier that would make them competitive with other alternatives like internal combustion engines (ICE) and fuel cells (FC). Increasing the nominal electric efficiency of mGTs would lead to significant reductions in hydrogen consumption, system footprint, and overall capital expenditure. Thus, this research focuses on increasing the electrical efficiency of the mGT by proposing a hybridization between the recuperative Brayton cycle and bottoming organic Rankine cycles, reaching higher than 45% electrical efficiencies in a hybrid configuration. An exhaustive comparison of the main ORC systems hybridized with the recuperative Brayton cycles is presented. The results reveal that hybridizing an intercoolingrecuperative Brayton cycle with a simple recuperated ORC has the potential to increase electrical efficiency to 46%. The work also presents a sensitivity analysis to assess how the design parameters influence the performance of the hybrid thermodynamic cycle.
Conference papers on the topic "Oxygen Hydrogen Combustion Turbine Power Generation System"
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Takeyama, Masao. "Materials Technology for Innovative Thermal Power Generation System Toward Carbon Neutrality in Japan." In AM-EPRI 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.am-epri-2024p1033.
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Abstract For future carbon neutral society, a novel thermal power generation system with no CO2 emission and with extremely high thermal efficiency (~ 70 %) composed of the oxygen/hydrogen combustion gas turbine combined with steam turbine with the steam temperature of 700°C is needed. The key to realize the thermal power plant is in the developments of new wrought alloys applicable to both gas turbine and steam turbine components under higher temperature operation conditions. In the national project of JST-Mirai program, we have constructed an innovative Integrated Materials Design System, consisting of a series of mechanical property prediction modules (MPM) and microstructure design modules (MDM). Based on the design system, novel austenitic steels strengthened by Laves phase with an allowable stress higher than 100 MPa for 105 h at 700°C was developed for the stream turbine components. In addition, for gas turbine components, novel solid-solution type Ni-Cr-W superalloys were designed and found to exhibit superior creep life longer than 105 h under 10 MPa at 1000°C. The superior long-term creep strengths of these alloys are attributed to the “grain-boundary precipitation strengthening (GBPS)” effect due to C14 Fe2Nb Laves phase and bcc α2-W phase precipitated at the grain boundaries, respectively.
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Watanabe, Yutaka, Toru Takahashi, and Kojun Suzuki. "Dynamic simulation of an oxygen-hydrogen combustion turbine system using Modelica." In Asian Modelica Conference 2022, Tokyo, Japan, November 24-25, 2022. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp19311.
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Hydrogen power generation is expected to introduce in the power industry to achieve carbon-neutrality by 2050. Hydrogen mixed-fuel gas turbines are already operational, and 100 % hydrogen-fueled gas turbines are in development. Meanwhile, an oxygen-hydrogen combustion turbine power generation system based on the direct combustion of oxygen and hydrogen has been proposed. This system uses hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen as the oxidizer, yielding only water vapor as the by-product of combustion. In addition, as the system consists of a semi-closed cycle that integrates the Brayton and Rankine cycles, it is expected to be a highly efficient zero-emission power generation system capable of achieving higher thermal efficiency than the conventional gas turbine combined cycle. Currently, the development of basic technologies for oxygen-hydrogen combustion turbine power generation systems is underway in Japan as part of NEDO's R&D for hydrogen utilization. In this study, a dynamic model of the entire system for the 1400 °C -class rationalization system was constructed using the Modelica-based tool developed by the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry. Subsequently, the dynamic behavior considering preliminary load following control strategy was evaluated based on the simulation results.
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Watanabe, Yutaka, Toru Takahashi, and Kojun Suzuki. "Dynamic Simulation of an Oxygen-Hydrogen Combustion Turbine System Using Modelica." In Asian Modelica Conference 2022, Tokyo, Japan, November 24-25, 2022. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp19315.
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Introducing hydrogen power generation in the power industry may contribute to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Hydrogen mixed-fuel gas turbines are available, and pure hydrogen-fueled gas turbines are being developed. Meanwhile, power generation systems based on oxygen–hydrogen combustion turbines have been devised. Such system uses hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as oxidizer, yielding only water vapor as the byproduct of combustion. In addition, as the system performs a semi-closed cycle involving the Brayton and Rankine cycles, high efficient zero-emission power generation is expected with higher thermal efficiency than that of the combined cycle in conventional gas turbines. Basic technologies for oxygen-hydrogen combustion turbines in power generation systems are being developed in Japan as part of the research and development at NEDO for hydrogen utilization. In this study, a dynamic model of the entire system for a 1400 °C-class rationalization system was constructed using a Modelica-based tool developed by the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan. The dynamic behavior considering preliminary load following control was then characterized based on simulation results.
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Bannister, Ronald L., Richard A. Newby, and Wen-Ching Yang. "Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-014.
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Consideration of a hydrogen based economy is attractive because it allows energy to be transported and stored at high densities and then transformed into useful work in pollution-free turbine or fuel cell conversion systems. Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. The program is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for a hydrogen-based energy system. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when the hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. The full-scale demonstration will be a greenfield power plant located sea-side. Hydrogen will be delivered to the site as a cryogenic liquid, and its cryogenic energy will be used to power an air liquefaction unit to produce pure oxygen. To meet the NEDO plant thermal cycle requirement of a minimum of 70.9%, low heating value (LHV), a variety of possible cycle configurations and working fluids have been investigated. This paper reports on the selection of the best cycle (a Rankine cycle), and the two levels of technology needed to support a near-term plant and a long-term plant. The combustion of pure hydrogen with pure hydrogen with pure oxygen results only in steam, thereby allowing for a direct-fired Rankine steam cycle. A near-term plant would require only moderate development to support the design of an advanced high pressure steam turbine and an advanced intermediate pressure steam turbine.
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Schoenung, Susan, and Jay Keller. "Distributed Power Generation and Energy Storage From Renewables Using a Hydrogen Oxygen Turbine." In ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2018-7183.
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Renewable energy is best utilized when partnered with energy storage to balance the variable supply with daily and seasonal grid demands. At the distribution level, in addition to meeting power demands, there is a need to maintain system voltage and reactive power / VAR control. Rotating machinery is most effective for VAR control at the substation level. This paper presents a patented MW-scale system that provides power from a hydrogen-oxygen-fueled combined cycle power plant, where the hydrogen and oxygen are generated from electrolysis using renewable wind or solar power. The steam generated from combustion is the working fluid for the power plant, in a closed loop system. Also presented is a discussion on a patented strategy for safe combustion and handling of hydrogen and oxygen, as well as how to use this combustion strategy for flame and post flame temperature control. Finally, a preliminary benefits analysis illustrates the various energy storage and distributed generation benefits that are possible with this system. Depending on the storage approach, energy storage — charge and discharge durations — of 4 to greater than 24 hours are possible, much longer than most battery energy storage systems. Benefits include not only peak shaving and VAR control, but also grid balancing services to avoid the “spilling” of excess renewable power when supply exceeds demand and fast ramping in the evening hours.
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Bannister, Ronald L., Richard A. Newby, and Wen-Ching Yang. "Final Report on the Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-021.
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Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. WE-NET is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for hydrogen-based energy systems. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. A Rankine cycle, with reheat and recuperation, was selected by Westinghouse as the general Reference System. Variations of this cycle have been examined to identify a Reference System having maximum development feasibility, while meeting the requirement of a minimum of 70.9% low heating value (LHV) efficiency. The strategy applied by Westinghouse was to assess both a near-term and long-term Reference Plant. The near-term plant requires moderate development based on extrapolation of current steam and combustion turbine technology. In contrast, the long-term plant requires more extensive development for an additional high-pressure reheat turbine, and is more complex than the near-term plant with closed-loop steam cooling and extractive feedwater heating. Trade-offs between efficiency benefits and development challenges of the near-term and long-term reference plant are identified. Results of this study can be applied to guide the future development activities of hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine systems.
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Pronske, Keith, Larry Trowsdale, Scott Macadam, Fermin Viteri, Frank Bevc, and Dennis Horazak. "An Overview of Turbine and Combustor Development for Coal-Based Oxy-Syngas Systems." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90816.
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Coal combustion technology is required that is capable of: (1) co-producing electricity and hydrogen from coal while; (2) achieving high efficiency, low capital cost, low operating cost, and near-zero atmospheric emissions; and (3) producing a sequestration-ready carbon dioxide stream. Clean Energy Systems, Inc. (CES) and Siemens Power Generation, Inc., are developing this technology that would lead to a 300 to 600 MW, design for a zero emissions coal syngas plant, targeted for the year 2015, CES and Siemens received awards on September 30, 2005 from the U.S. Department of Energy’s; Office of Fossil Energy Turbine Technology R&D Program. These awards are designed to advance turbines and turbine subsystems for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. Studies have shown [1–4] that replacing air with nearly pure oxygen and steam in a turbine’s combustion chamber is a promising approach to designing coal based power plants with high efficiency and near-zero emissions. Siemens will combine current steam and gas turbine technologies to design an optimized turbine that uses oxygen with coal derived hydrogen fuels in the combustion process under a DOE Turbine Development Project [5]. CES will develop and demonstrate a new combustor technology powered by coal syngas and oxygen under a DOE Combustor Development Project [6]. The proposed programs build upon twelve years of prior technical work and government-sponsored research to develop and demonstrate zero-emission fossil fuel power generation. The planned system studies build upon previous work conducted by private, public, and foreign organizations, including CES [7–9], DOE’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) [10–12], Air Liquide (AL) [1,13], Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) [2], Fern Engineering, Inc. [14], and Japanese investigators [15, 16]. Other pertinent data related to coal gasification, advanced air separation unit (ASU), plant integration and plant systems optimization, etc., can be found in references [17–23].
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McGlashan, Niall R., Peter R. N. Childs, Andrew L. Heyes, and Andrew J. Marquis. "Producing Hydrogen and Power Using Chemical Looping Combustion and Water-Gas Shift." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59492.
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A cycle capable of generating both hydrogen and power with ‘inherent’ carbon capture is proposed and evaluated. The cycle uses chemical looping combustion (CLC) to perform the primary energy release from a hydrocarbon, producing an exhaust of CO. This CO is mixed with steam and converted to H2 and CO2 using the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR). Chemical looping uses two reactions with a re-circulating oxygen carrier to oxidise hydrocarbons. The resulting oxidation and reduction stages are preformed in separate reactors — the oxidiser and reducer respectively, and this partitioning facilitates CO2 capture. In addition, by careful selection of the oxygen carrier, the equilibrium temperature of both redox reactions can be reduced to values below the current industry standard metallurgical limit for gas turbines. This means that the irreversibility associated with the combustion process can be reduced significantly, leading to a system of enhanced overall efficiency. The choice of oxygen carrier also affects the ratio of CO vs. CO2 in the reducer’s flue gas, with some metal oxide reduction reactions generating almost pure CO. This last feature is desirable if the maximum H2 production is to be achieved using the WGSR reaction. Process flow diagrams of one possible embodiment using a zinc based oxygen carrier are presented. To generate power, the chemical looping system is operated as part of a gas turbine cycle, combined with a bottoming steam cycle to maximise efficiency. The WGSR supplies heat to the bottoming steam cycle, as well as helping to raise the steam necessary to complete the reaction. A mass and energy balance of the chemical looping system, the WGSR reactor, steam bottoming cycle and balance of plant, is presented and discussed. The results of this analysis show that the overall efficiency of the complete cycle is dependant on the operating pressure in the oxidiser, and under optimum conditions, exceeds 75%.
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Costarell, Michael David. "A Novel Undergraduate Combustion Teaching Approach Using Three-Dimensional Combustion Surfaces." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38992.
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Presently, mechanical engineering thermodynamic classes discuss the individual boiler, reciprocating engine, and gas turbine cycles, while other courses mention the combustion of individual natural gas, oil and coal fuels. Though these processes and fuels have different working fluids and air-to-fuel ratios they have predictable and comparable flue gas oxygen and carbon dioxide. Presented is a curriculum supplement that allows students to model three-dimensional plots of oxygen and carbon dioxide both as varied by hydrogen-to-carbon ratio and air-to-fuel ratio. The typical operating areas are then superimposed on these three-dimensional plots for industrial boilers (3 to 25 MW), power generation boilers (25 to 1,000 MW), reciprocating engines (0.1 to 5 MW), and gas turbines (0.1 to 100 MW). As power generation and transportation fuels become scarce and more expensive, future engineering employees must know how to minimize energy consumption and cost for a variety of fuels and combustion systems. This new teaching approach provides students a concise overall combustion curriculum that predicts the theoretical flue gas mole fraction of any common combustion process used with the major fuel sources.
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Jericha, H., V. Hacker, W. Sanz, and G. Zotter. "Thermal Steam Power Plant Fired by Hydrogen and Oxygen in Stoichiometric Ratio, Using Fuel Cells and Gas Turbine Cycle Components." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22282.
Full textAbstract:
This proposal fully complies to the demands of a zero emission power plant since only hydrogen and oxygen as obtained from splitting water are provided as fuel in a working gas cycle of pure water. Distributed power plants based on solar radiation, solar heat, wind power and water power from river flow, tidal flow and even wave motion should drive electrolysers producing hydrogen and oxygen. The units are connected with a pipeline system delivering hydrogen and oxygen at high pressure into respective storage tanks in the vicinity of the proposed power plant. So periods of generation of hydrogen and oxygen can overlap and these fuel gases are available to produce peak power according to demand. The proposed plant is an hybrid plant incorporating SOFC fuel cells into an innovative power cycle with steam as working fluid. Twelve fuel cells of 2.5 MW power produce electricity and heat up working fluid from 600 to 800°C. In a succeeding combustion chamber the fuel cell surplus hydrogen as well as the gas turbine hydrogen demand is burned with pure oxygen leading to a working gas (steam) of 1550°C and 40 bar. The working gas is expanded in an innovative cycle producing additional 109 MW of electrical energy. So an overall output of 139 MW can be achieved with a thermal efficiency of 73.8% based on fuel taken from the storage tanks for hydrogen and oxygen at 60 bar.