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Jeong, Hwan-Seok, Hyun-Seok Cha, Seong-Hyun Hwang, Dong-Ho Lee, Sang-Hun Song, and Hyuck-In Kwon. "Effects of Oxygen Content on Operational Characteristics and Stability of High-Mobility IGTO Thin-Film Transistors during Channel Layer Deposition." Coatings 11, no. 6 (2021): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060698.
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In this study, we investigated the effects of oxygen content on the transfer characteristics and stability of high-mobility indium-gallium-tin oxide (IGTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) during channel layer deposition. The IGTO thin films were deposited through direct current sputtering at different ambient oxygen percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The experimental results indicate that the drain currents were hardly modulated by the gate-to-source voltage in the IGTO TFT prepared at 10% ambient oxygen. However, as the oxygen content increased from 20% to 50%, the transfer curves shifted to the positive direction with a decrease in field-effect mobility (μFE). The IGTO TFTs exhibited deteriorated positive bias stress (PBS) stability as the oxygen content increased. However, the stabilities of the IGTO TFTs under negative bias illumination stress (NBIS) improved with an increase in the ambient oxygen percentage during the channel layer deposition. Furthermore, to understand the mechanism of the observed phenomena, we performed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the IGTO thin films prepared at different oxygen percentages. The XPS results demonstrate that the deteriorated PBS stability and enhanced NBIS stability of the IGTO TFTs prepared at higher oxygen percentages were mainly ascribed to the larger amount of oxygen interstitials resulting from the excess oxygen and the smaller number of oxygen vacancies within the IGTO, respectively. The obtained results suggest that the oxygen percentages of 30% in the sputtering ambient is the most suitable oxygen percentage for optimizing the electrical properties (μFE = 24.2 cm2/V·s, subthreshold swing = 0.43 V/dec, and threshold voltage = −2.2 V) and adequate PBS and NBIS stabilities of IGTO TFTs.
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Bradford, Kent J., Daniel Côme, and Françoise Corbineau. "Quantifying the oxygen sensitivity of seed germination using a population-based threshold model." Seed Science Research 17, no. 1 (2007): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258507657389.
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AbstractSeeds vary widely in the sensitivity of germination to oxygen (O2) partial pressure, depending upon the species, temperature, dormancy state and physiological status of the seeds. Most analyses of the O2 sensitivity of germination have focused on final germination percentages and estimated the O2 percentage in air that is required to reduce germination to a given percentage (usually 50%). In contrast, we have applied a population-based threshold model utilizing time courses of germination to quantify three parameters related to seed germination sensitivity to O2 availability: the median base (or threshold) O2 percentage, the standard deviation of O2 thresholds among seeds in the population, and an oxygen–time constant that relates O2 percentage to germination timing. The model fits germination responses accurately across a wide range of O2 concentrations. The response to O2 was logarithmic in all cases, with the O2 percentage required for 50% germination ranging from 21% to as low as 0.005%, depending upon the species, the temperature and the seed dormancy level. Modelling indicated that some seeds can adapt to low O2 percentages and shift their thresholds to lower values over time. Lower temperatures decreased the minimum O2 threshold, as did after-ripening. Seed priming generally reduced the oxygen–time constant and increased the standard deviation of germination responses, but had relatively little effect on the O2 sensitivity per se. The population-based threshold model can be used to quantify the O2 sensitivity of seed germination and to predict germination rates and percentages when O2 availability is limiting.
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Berzolla, Alessia, Maria Cristina Reguzzi, and Elisabetta Chiappini. "Controlled atmospheres against insect pests in museums: a review and some considerations." Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 43, no. 2 (2011): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jear.2011.197.
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Controlled atmospheres using nitrogen represent a safe and effective method for both objects and human health. The use of this technique against pests in museums has received an increasing amount of interest during the last twenty years. This paper looks at the researches into anoxic treatments that use nitrogen from the late ‘80s until now. At the moment, the recommended protocol suggests an oxygen percentage below 1% for at least three weeks. Considering that the major practical problems of controlled atmospheres are connected to treatment time and low oxygen percentage, it is very important to develop more flexible protocols that consider higher oxygen percentages or shorter treatment times, exploiting temperature and/or relative humidity. At oxygen percentage higher than those commonly used, temperature and relative humidity are very critical to insects’ development and success. Preliminary data (unpublished) show that it is possible to adapt the application of the controlled atmospheres to different situations, taking advantage of favorable conditions already present in the considered situation and at the same time to use the other parameters at more favorable levels.
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Zuzak, Karel J., Mark T. Gladwin, Richard O. Cannon, and Ira W. Levin. "Imaging hemoglobin oxygen saturation in sickle cell disease patients using noninvasive visible reflectance hyperspectral techniques: effects of nitric oxide." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 285, no. 3 (2003): H1183—H1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00243.2003.
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Sickle cell disease is characterized by microvascular occlusion and hemolytic anemia, factors that impair tissue oxygen delivery. We use visible reflectance hyperspectral imaging to quantitate skin tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbO2) and to determine whether changes in blood flow during nitric oxide (NO) stimulation or gas administration (therapies proposed for this disease) improve skin tissue oxygen saturation in five patients with sickle cell disease. Compared with six healthy African-American subjects, sickle cell patients exhibited higher forearm blood flows (7.4 ± 1.8 vs. 3.2 ± 0.4 ml·min–1·100 ml tissue–1, P = 0.037) but significantly reduced percentages of skin HbO2 (61.0 ± 0.2 vs. 77.5 ± 0.2%, P < 0.001). Administration of acetylcholine to patients increased blood flow by 15.1 ± 3.8 ml·min–1·100 ml tissue–1 and the percentage of skin HbO2 by 4.1 ± 0.3% ( P = 0.02, P < 0.001, respectively, from baseline values). Sodium nitroprusside, a direct NO donor, increased blood flow by 3.9 ± 1.1 ml/min and the percentage of skin HbO2 by 2.9 ± 0.3% ( P = 0.02, P < 0.001, respectively). NO inhalation had no effect on forearm blood flow, yet increased the percentage of skin HbO2 by 2.3 ± 0.3% ( P < 0.001). Percentages of skin HbO2 were exponentially related to blood flow ( R = 0.97, P < 0.001), indicating a limit to skin tissue oxygen saturation at high blood flows. Thus, for acetylcholine infusion leading to blood flows sevenfold greater than those of healthy resting African-American subjects, patients still exhibited lower percentages of skin HbO2 (65.2 ± 0.2 vs. 77.5 ± 0.2%, P < 0.001). Visible reflectance hyperspectral imaging demonstrates that either the stimulation or the administration of NO pharmacologically or by gas inhalation improves, but does not normalize, skin tissue oxygen saturation in patients with sickle cell disease.
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Liu, J., and W. Weppner. "Limiting current oxygen sensors for the percentage to ppm range." Ionics 3, no. 5-6 (1997): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02375725.
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Kurniawan, Ade. "THE PERCENTAGE OF OXYGEN ABSORPTION BY VANNAMEI SHRIMP (LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI) WHICH IS SUPPORTED BY THE PADDLEWHEEL." Journal of Aquaculture Development and Environment 4, no. 1 (2021): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.31002/jade.v4i1.3959.
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<p>A dynamic model was used to obtain optimal value or amount in the application of paddlewheel. Stella 9.1.4 software programing was employed to find relationships among parameters. The aims of this reasearch was to determine the percentage of oxygen uptake by vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) which is supported by 1 paddlewheel. The result showed that the optimal number of paddlewheel was 1 paddlewheel with Standart Aeration Efficiency was 1,31 kgO2/kWh. The percentage of oxygen absorption on vannamei shrimp until final cultivation was 24% during the cultivation, the percentage of oxygen absorption on vannamei shrimp had increased. In this research, total oxygen demand was 567 ppm, shrimp production was 1054,88 kg, the amount of feed was 2278,1 kg with a pond area was 600 m2, stocking density was 133 PL/m2 during a cultivation period of 98 days.<br />Keyword : Paddlewheel, Oxygen, Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)</p>
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Leng, Dan, Lili Wu, Hongchao Jiang, et al. "Preparation and Properties of SnO2Film Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/235971.
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Tin oxide SnO2films were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering. The effects of oxygen partial pressure percentage on the SnO2property have been investigated to obtain relatively high-resistivity SnO2films which could be used as buffer layers to optimize the performance of CdTe/CdS solar cells. The oxygen partial pressure percentage varied in the range of 1%~10%. The results show that the introduction of oxygen would suppress the deposition and growth of SnO2films. Electrical measurement suggests that the film resistivity decreases with the increase of oxygen pressure. The SnO2films with resistivity of 232 Ω cm were obtained in pure Ar atmosphere. All SnO2films fabricated with different oxygen partial pressure percentage have almost the same optical band gap.
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Kim, Dong-Ju, and Seul-Hyun Park. "Effect of Ignition Energy on the Initial Propagation of Hydrogen-Oxygen Premixed Flame." Fire Science and Engineering 37, no. 6 (2023): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.fd42e6f7.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of changes in the ignition energy and hydrogen volume percentage of a hydrogen oxygen combustible mixture on the Markstein length of the hydrogen flame at the beginning of ignition. A – static combustor with a diameter of approximately 60 mm and an internal volume of 350 ml was manufactured, and flame propagation images were obtained under various ignition energies and hydrogen volume percentages of the hydrogen oxygen – mixed combustible to measure the initial propagation of the flame. Using the captured images, the stretched burning velocity (<i>S<sub>b</sub></i>) and stretch rate (<i>K</i>) under stretch were measured. The unstretched burning velocity (<i>S<sub>b</sub><sup>0</sup></i>) was calculated using the Chemkin code, and the effects of the ignition energy and hydrogen volume percentage of the combustible mixture were analyzed. As the hydrogen volume percentage of the combustible mixture increased, the Markstein length decreased. When the hydrogen percentage of the combustible mixture was held constant, the Markstein length decreased as the ignition energy decreased. The influence of the ignition energy increased as the hydrogen volume percentage of the combustible mixture decreased.
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Zahuri, Afnan Ahmadi, Muhamad Fazly Abdul Patah, Yusniza Kamarulzaman, et al. "Decolourisation of Real Industrial and Synthetic Textile Dye Wastewater Using Activated Dolomite." Water 15, no. 6 (2023): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061172.
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Textile effluent accounts for 22% of the total industrial wastewater produced in Malaysia. Due to their ubiquitous use in organic dyes, inefficiently treated textile wastewaters pose environmental and health hazards. Colour, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, toxic metals and microbes are the commonly targeted water quality parameters in untreated textile fluids. Furthermore, their non-biodegradability and high colour intensity may reduce aquatic diversity by blocking the sunlight. Recently, physical treatment, principally adsorption, has been conducted. Dolomite has additional features, such as performing as a heavy metal and microbe remover. This study employed dolomite for treating textile dye wastewater from a commercial textile manufacturer and synthetic effluent containing methyl orange. Different sizes of dolomite were activated at different temperatures and subsequently added to the water samples in varying amounts. After 2 h of agitation at 100 rpm and sedimentation for 24 h, their absorbance reading was taken. Their morphological, decolourisation percentage, chemical oxygen demand reduction percentage and bacterial growth post-treatment were examined. Despite variances in dolomite’s capacity to decolourise colours, the treatment proved effective in decolourising dyes, removing chemical oxygen demand and reducing bacterial growth. The most significant percentages of decolourisation observed were 98.7% for real textile dye wastewater (RTDW) and 78.0% for synthetic textile dye wastewater (STDW), while for chemical oxygen demand, reductions were 66.7% for RTDW and 73.9% for STDW, respectively. As for microbe growth inhibition, the highest growth reduction percentages were 99.7% and 98.6% for RTDW and STDW, respectively.
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Wilson, R. W., and A. C. Snyder. "A Model for Prescribing the Percentage of Oxygen Uptake for Athletes." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 25 (March 2011): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jsc.0000395644.86100.5b.
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Jacobson, Gary C., and Marilyn Herson. "The percentage of inspired oxygen at different flow rates during nebulisation." Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 36, no. 1 (1990): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60515-8.
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Borysov, O. V., I. S. Deyneka, B. I. Lupyna, and R. M. Chobik. "Experimental study of a thermomagnetic analyzer percentage of oxygen in the air mixture." Electronics and Communications 16, no. 3 (2011): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2011.16.3.266224.
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An expression for the dependence of the resistance of the sensing element is presented primary transducer on oxygen concentration The structure and software of the created experimental setup are described. Analyzed experimental results of the study of the dependence of the resistance of the sensitive element of the thermomagnetic sensor oxygen on the concentration of O2 in the gas mixtures for different tension values magnetic field and dissipated power on the sensing element
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Dąbrowska, Karolina, Zuzanna Zaczek, Mariusz Panczyk, et al. "Molecular Oxygen Levels and Percentages of DNA Damage in TPN Patients." Nutrients 15, no. 9 (2023): 2206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092206.
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Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving therapy for patients with intestinal failure, but it carries the risk of complications, including an increase in liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) after long-term use. Patients receiving chronic TPN are also exposed to metabolic stress from both the underlying disease and parenteral nutrition. The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of liver transaminases AST and ALT in relation to the rate of oxygen consumption in platelet mitochondria in patients receiving long-term TPN with the degree of oxidative stress induced by lipid emulsions, and to explain their role in cellular energy metabolism and changes in the liver based on the percentage of genomic DNA damage. The study group consisted of 86 TPN patients, while the control group consisted of 86 healthy volunteers who were fed only orally. The results of the study showed that the percentage of molecular oxygen depended on the type of lipid emulsion supplied. Analyzing time on TPN as a factor, we observed a decrease in percentage genomic DNA damage and an increase in percentage molecular oxygen in cells. It remains unclear whether TPN has a direct effect on genomic DNA damage and the level of molecular oxygen in cells during the course of treatment. In conclusion, this study provides important insights into the potential effects of TPN on liver enzymes and cellular metabolism. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop strategies to minimize the risk of complications associated with TPN.
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Shivakumar, Singh P. "Engine Enhancement Using Enriched Oxygen Inlet." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 48 (March 2015): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.48.37.
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An internal combustion engine essentially requires a fuel which must have sufficient calorific value to produce enough power, and oxygen for the combustion of fuel. In normal vehicles fuel will be supplied from a fuel tank equipped with it. And oxygen will be taken from the atmospheric itself. Under normal conditions the percentage of oxygen present in atmospheric air will be around 21% of the total volume. Studies shows that by increasing the oxygen percentage in the inlet air increases engine performance and reduces emission produced by the engine.
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Shivakumar, S. P. "Engine Enhancement Using Enriched Oxygen Inlet." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 48 (March 25, 2015): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-382c3i.
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An internal combustion engine essentially requires a fuel which must have sufficient calorific value to produce enough power, and oxygen for the combustion of fuel. In normal vehicles fuel will be supplied from a fuel tank equipped with it. And oxygen will be taken from the atmospheric itself. Under normal conditions the percentage of oxygen present in atmospheric air will be around 21% of the total volume. Studies shows that by increasing the oxygen percentage in the inlet air increases engine performance and reduces emission produced by the engine.
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Paredes, Manuel, and Irma Bustamante. "Oxygen supplementation in the incubation of creole hen fertile egg." SPERMOVA 12, no. 1 (2022): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18548/aspe/0010.07.
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This study evaluated the effect of oxygen supplementation on the hatchability of fertile eggs of the Creole hen at 2718 meter above sea level. The experiment was carried out with 1408 hatching eggs obtained at age different of the breeders (25, 30, 34 and 38 wks.). Eggs were assigned to four incubators with different periods of oxygen supplementation: treatment without oxygen supplementation (SS) and oxygen supplementations at week 1, week 3, and weeks 1 and 3. Body weight, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were determined of embryos of 18 days incubation and newborn chicks. Hatching percentage was calculated based on the number of fertile eggs. Early and late embryonic mortality was determined. From the fertile eggs supplemented with oxygen during the first and third weeks, a higher percentage of hatched chicks (82.60%) and lower embryonic mortality were obtained. In the group SS, a low percentage of hatched chicks (28.32%) and high embryonic mortality were found. Oxygen supplementation to fertile creole hen eggs under hypobaric conditions in the Cajamarca valley did not increase hemoglobin concentration or improve body weight of hatched chicken.
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Ourbaa, Mouhcine, Said Elmassi, Hamza Badr, et al. "Oxygen Effect on the Structural, Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Radio Frequency Sputtered SnO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue." Journal of Nano Research 88 (June 9, 2025): 27–43. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-mc1otd.
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Tin oxide thin films were synthesized on FTO substrates by the Radio Frequency sputtering technique in aO₂/Ar mixture atmosphere. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of tetragonal structure of SnO2 films, with a crystallite size that increases from 8.3 to 10.3 nm by increasingthe oxygen percentage from 5% to 15%, then decreases again at 30%oxygen. SEM images reveal homogeneous, smooth, non-porous and crack-free surfaces in all films. EDX spectra confirm the increasing O/Sn ratio for high oxygen percentages. Optical transmittance is observed toincrease with increasing the oxygen percentagewith an energyband gap ranging between 3.78 and 3.91 eV. Mott-Schottky characterization shows higher charge carrier concentration in the film synthesized with 10% O₂. This film exhibits, afterwards, the highest efficiency in terms of degradation of in a UV photoreactor.
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García, Alexis Cordovés, Carlos A. Pérez Alban, Jorge R. Terán Benalcázar, Alexis Cordovés Rodríguez, Leandro L. Lorente-Leyva, and Arlys M. Lastre Aleaga. "Control of Pollutant Emissions from a Boiler Through the Percentage of Oxygen." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 54, no. 3 (2021): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.540310.
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The goal of this paper is to obtain an automated system for the control of the quality of the combustion gases of a boiler. The concentration of oxygen present in the combustion gases is detected by means of a lambda sensor, and a proportional PID controller automatically regulates, through an actuator, the air inlet to the boiler, thus ensuring the emission of CO2 and other polluting gases into the atmosphere within the parameters established by the current environmental regulations. The control system has an HMI display and a modular PLC. The results achieved also ensure the reduction of fuel consumption of the boiler.
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Sasongko, Mega Nur. "The Effect of Percentage of CO2 on the Biogas Counterflow Diffusion Flame Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 664 (October 2014): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.664.221.
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This study aims to determine the effect of the percentage of CO2 in the biogas to the characteristics of biogas diffusion flame. Counterflow configuration was used in this study to investigate detail structure of diffusion flame and the flame stability of biogas. The concentration of CO2 in the biogas was varied from 0% to 50% while the mass flow rate of the reactants was varied from 4 to 14 L / min. The results showed that the CO2 in the biogas fuel affect the diffusion flame characteristics, especially the area of luminous yellow flame formed in the fuel flow. In the low oxygen concentration, percentage of CO2 did not affect the diffusion flame stability. However, the flame stability was more influenced by the rate of diffusion between fuel and oxygen. Therefore, the combustion of biogas is more recommended to be done in the low oxygen concentration.
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Boyd, Corinne N., Stephanie M. Lannan, Micah N. Zuhl, Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez, and Rachael K. Nelson. "Objective and subjective measures of exercise intensity during thermo-neutral and hot yoga." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 43, no. 4 (2018): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0495.
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While hot yoga has gained enormous popularity in recent years, owing in part to increased environmental challenge associated with exercise in the heat, it is not clear whether hot yoga is more vigorous than thermo-neutral yoga. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine objective and subjective measures of exercise intensity during constant intensity yoga in a hot and thermo-neutral environment. Using a randomized, crossover design, 14 participants completed 2 identical ∼20-min yoga sessions in a hot (35.3 ± 0.8 °C; humidity: 20.5% ± 1.4%) and thermo-neutral (22.1 ± 0.2 °C; humidity: 27.8% ± 1.6%) environment. Oxygen consumption and heart rate (HR) were recorded as objective measures (percentage of maximal oxygen consumption and percentage of maximal HR (%HRmax)) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded as a subjective measure of exercise intensity. There was no difference in exercise intensity based on percentage of maximal oxygen consumption during hot versus thermo-neutral yoga (30.9% ± 2.3% vs. 30.5% ± 1.8%, p = 0.68). However, exercise intensity was significantly higher during hot versus thermo-neutral yoga based on %HRmax (67.0% ± 2.3% vs. 60.8% ± 1.9%, p = 0.01) and RPE (12 ± 1 vs. 11 ± 1, p = 0.04). According to established exercise intensities, hot yoga was classified as light-intensity exercise based on percentage of maximal oxygen consumption but moderate-intensity exercise based on %HRmax and RPE while thermo-neutral yoga was classified as light-intensity exercise based on percentage of maximal oxygen uptake, %HRmax, and RPE. Despite the added hemodynamic stress and perception that yoga is more strenuous in a hot environment, we observed similar oxygen consumption during hot versus thermo-neutral yoga, classifying both exercise modalities as light-intensity exercise.
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Santamore, William P., Ofer Barnea, Christopher J. Riordan, Mitchell P. Ross, and Erle H. Austin. "Theoretical optimization of pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio after a bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 274, no. 2 (1998): H694—H700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.2.h694.
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A univentricle with parallel pulmonary and systemic circulations is inherently inefficient because mixing of pulmonary and systemic venous return occurs. Thus a cavopulmonary anastomosis is used as a staged palliative procedure to reduce volume overload in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. On the basis of oxygen uptake and consumption, an equation was derived that related cardiac output, pulmonary venous oxygen saturation, upper body oxygen consumption, and superior-to-inferior vena caval blood flow ratio (QSVC/QIVC) to oxygen delivery. The primary findings were as follows. 1) As QSVC/QIVCincreases, total body oxygen delivery and arterial and superior vena caval oxygen saturations increase. 2) As QSVC/QIVCincreases, lower body oxygen delivery and inferior vena caval oxygen saturation initially increase, then peak, and then decrease. 3) As the percentage of lower body oxygen consumption increases, oxygen delivery and saturation decrease. 4) A cavopulmonary anastomosis decreases the required cardiac output for a given oxygen delivery. Thus we concluded that a high systemic arterial oxygen saturation after cavopulmonary anastomosis requires a high percentage of upper body oxygen consumption and a high QSVC/QIVCand that the cavopulmonary anastomosis reduces the volume load on the single ventricle.
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Qi, X., X. Sun, J. Li, et al. "Determination of Henry's law coefficient of oxygen in LAB for JUNO." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 03 (2024): P03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/03/p03011.
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Abstract The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) requires that the detector use liquid scintillator with an extremely low background to achieve the desired measurement accuracy of neutrino mixing parameters. In addition, the production process of the liquid scintillator must avoid radon gas contamination caused by equipment leakage. Direct measurement of radon gas in liquid scintillator is an option for system leak detection. However, considering the low percentage of radon gas and high percentage of oxygen in air, the measurement of oxygen in liquid scintillator will have higher sensitivity. Based on Henry's law and the measuring principle of a dissolved oxygen meter, an experimental device is designed to measure Henry's law coefficient and calibrate the dissolved oxygen meter. Henry's law coefficient of oxygen in linear alkylbenzene (LAB) at 23.6 °C derived from an experimental measurement is 2.09 × 107 ± 2.54 × 106 Pa·L·mol-1. The feasibility of using a dissolved oxygen meter to measure the dissolved oxygen content in LAB is verified by calibrating the dissolved oxygen meter.
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Ainnaya, Delia, and Mustika Anggiane Putri. "Percentage Of Body Fat Related With Functional Capacity In Young Adults." Biomedical Journal of Indonesia 9, no. 1 (2023): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bji.v9i1.159.
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Introduction. The percentage of body fat is a component of body composition in addition to bone mass, muscle mass, and body water content related to obesity. Diseases caused by an increase in body fat will have an impact on decreasing the body's functional capacity, disability, and death. Maximum Oxygen Volume (VO2 max) refers to the maximum amount of oxygen that humans can use during physical activity. It is usually used to test aerobic endurance or cardiovascular fitness so that VO2 max can describe a person's functional capacity. Percentage of body fat can affect VO2 max. Based on data from the Sports Development Index (SDI) in Indonesia, 43.9% of young adults have a poor VO2 max. This study aims to determine whether or not there is a relationship between body fat percentage and functional capacity in young adults. Methods. The study used a cross-sectional method and was followed by 92 respondents throughout October and November 2022. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is used to measure body fat percentage. The 6-minute Walk Test is used to measure VO2 max. Results. The results of the study showed that the bivariate analysis of the Fisher's Exact test obtained a significant relationship between body fat percentage (measured by BIA) and body functional capacity (VO2 max) (p=0.028). Conclusion. There was a significant relationship between body fat percentage through BIA measurements and functional capacity in young adults.
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Ibraheem Khalaf, Hassanein. "EFFECT OF ALUMINUM CONTENT ON THE HARDNESS AND MACHINABILITY OF BRASS ALLOY USED IN OXYGEN CYLINDER VALVE." IRAQI JOURNAL FOR MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING 21, no. 3 (2021): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i3.562.
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There is high consumption of oxygen cylinder valves due to incorrect application of valves, therefore, this research will study the possibility to modify Brass alloy that used to produce cylinder valves and reduce their erosion that happens under the use of valve. The main type of brass that used to make cylinder valve is CW713R which contained aluminum with percentage of 1.3-2.3% with hardness of 174 HV. Therefore, the effect of aluminum element on the properties of brass alloy will study to find the best and the optimum percentages that can be added to improve the hardness and machinability of cylinder valve. Brass scrap was melted using oil fire furnace and aluminum element was added before it cast. Then, the melting liquid was poured on steel die casting mold. The result shows that the hardness Brass cylinder valve was increased by increasing the percentage of aluminum element. It is raised from 206 to 605 HV. But when the percentage of aluminum reached 10 % the Brass material becomes brittle and difficult to machine. The best percentage of aluminum that can be added to brass alloy lies in the range of 2.5 – 5%.
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Mól, Caroline Gomes, Aléxia Gabriela da Silva Vieira, Bianca Maria Schneider Pereira Garcia, et al. "Closed-loop oxygen control for critically ill patients––A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0304745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304745.
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Background The impact of closed-loop control systems to titrate oxygen flow in critically ill patients, including their effectiveness, efficacy, workload and safety, remains unclear. This systematic review investigated the utilization of closed-loop oxygen systems for critically ill patients in comparison to manual oxygen titration systems focusing on these topics. Methods and findings A search was conducted across several databases including MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, LOVE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization on March 3, 2022, with subsequent updates made on June 27, 2023. Evidence databases were searched for randomized clinical parallel or crossover studies investigating closed-loop oxygen control systems for critically ill patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines. The analysis was conducted using Review Manager software, adopting the mean difference or standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for continuous variables or risk ratio with 95% CI for dichotomous outcomes. The main outcome of interest was the percentage of time spent in the peripheral arterial oxygen saturation target. Secondary outcomes included time for supplemental oxygen weaning, length of stay, mortality, costs, adverse events, and workload of healthcare professional. A total of 37 records from 21 studies were included in this review with a total of 1,577 participants. Compared with manual oxygen titration, closed-loop oxygen control systems increased the percentage of time in the prescribed SpO2 target, mean difference (MD) 25.47; 95% CI 19.7, 30.0], with moderate certainty of evidence. Current evidence also shows that closed-loop oxygen control systems have the potential to reduce the percentage of time with hypoxemia (MD -0.98; 95% CI -1.68, -0.27) and healthcare workload (MD -4.94; 95% CI -7.28, -2.61) with low certainty of evidence. Conclusion Closed-loop oxygen control systems increase the percentage of time in the preferred SpO2 targets and may reduce healthcare workload. Trial registration PROSPERO: CRD42022306033.
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Paulo, Ivo, Luis Costa, Abel Rodrigues, et al. "Acid-Catalyzed Liquefaction of Biomasses from Poplar Clones for Short Rotation Coppice Cultivations." Molecules 27, no. 1 (2022): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010304.
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Liquefaction of biomass delivers a liquid bio-oil with relevant chemical and energetic applications. In this study we coupled it with short rotation coppice (SRC) intensively managed poplar cultivations aimed at biomass production while safeguarding environmental principles of soil quality and biodiversity. We carried out acid-catalyzed liquefaction, at 160 °C and atmospheric pressure, with eight poplar clones from SRC cultivations. The bio-oil yields were high, ranging between 70.7 and 81.5%. Average gains of bio-oil, by comparison of raw biomasses, in elementary carbon and hydrogen and high heating, were 25.6, 67, and 74%, respectively. Loss of oxygen and O/C ratios averaged 38 and 51%, respectively. Amounts of elementary carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in bio-oil were 65, 26, and 8.7%, and HHV averaged 30.5 MJkg−1. Correlation analysis showed the interrelation between elementary carbon with HHV in bio-oil or with oxygen loss. Overall, from 55 correlations, 21 significant and high correlations among a set of 11 variables were found. Among the most relevant ones, the percentage of elementary carbon presented five significant correlations with the percentage of O (−0.980), percentage of C gain (0.902), percentage of O loss (0.973), HHV gain (0.917), and O/C loss (0.943). The amount of carbon is directly correlated with the amount of oxygen, conversely, the decrease in oxygen content increases the elementary carbon and hydrogen concentration, which leads to an improvement in HHV. HHV gain showed a strong positive dependence on the percentage of C (0.917) and percentage of C gain (0.943), while the elementary oxygen (−0.885) and its percentage of O loss (0.978) adversely affect the HHV gain. Consequently, the O/C loss (0.970) increases the HHV positively. van Krevelen’s analysis indicated that bio-oils are chemically compatible with liquid fossil fuels. FTIR-ATR evidenced the presence of derivatives of depolymerization of lignin and cellulose in raw biomasses in bio-oil. TGA/DTG confirmed the bio-oil burning aptitude by the high average 53% mass loss of volatiles associated with lowered peaking decomposition temperatures by 100 °C than raw biomasses. Overall, this research shows the potential of bio-oil from liquefaction of SRC biomasses for the contribution of renewable energy and chemical deliverables, and thereby, to a greener global economy.
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Mohamed, Abdel-Aleam H., Abdulrahman H. Basher, Jamal Q. M. Almarashi, and Salama A. Ouf. "Susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis to Argon Cold Plasma Jet by Oxygen Admixture." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 3455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083455.
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Cold atmospheric pressure sterilization is one of the nominated and efficient techniques to prevent the spread of diseases. Reactive species such as O and OH and other radicals play a major role in the mechanism of plasma sterilization. Therefore, in this work, oxygen was mixed with different parentage from (0.2 to 1.2%) to argon to enhance the generation of the reactive species and increase the argon atmospheric pressure plasma sterilization efficacy. The emission spectra from the jet increase the radicle line intensities by increasing the percentage admixture of O2 with the argon gas to reach a maximum power at 0.8; then, it gradually decreases with a higher O2 percentage. The OH band intensity decreases with increasing the admixture of O2. The jet with different O2 percentages was tested against Gram-positive S. epidermidis, which is the causal agent of nosocomial infections. The maximum reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) was observed at 0.2% O2. No bacterial growth was observed at the later concentration applied for 8 min and the same case was detected at 0.4% O2 applied to 16 min.
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Gerasimov, V. V. "Quantitative estimate of the oxygen percentage in the vapor phase in boiling reactors." Soviet Atomic Energy 58, no. 5 (1985): 446–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01121940.
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Michaud, Langis, Claude Giasson, and Jeanne Morency. "Equivalent oxygen percentage (EOP) under scleral lenses fitted with different fluid reservoir thickness." Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 41 (June 2018): S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2018.04.056.
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Soni, Harsha, Sudhanshu Kacker, Jitender Sorout, and Neha Saboo. "Cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat percentage in young adults." RUDN Journal of Medicine 27, no. 1 (2023): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2023-27-1-83-89.
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Relevance. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum amount of oxygen an individual can breathe in and utilize it to produce energy aerobically. The global epidemic of overweight and obesity -’globesity’ is emerging as a public health problem in many parts of the world. Almost 30-65 % of adult urban Indians is either overweight or obese or has abdominal obesity. Recently, cardiovascular ailments are increasing in the younger generation. Low levels of cardiovascular fitness and unfavorable cardiovascular risk profiles are detected in them. Total body fatness and aerobic capacity are frequently used in association with each other and it is often implied that these parameters are strongly inter-related. Both body fatness and status aerobic fitness have been shown to be risk factors for future health outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of cardio-respiratory fitness with body fat percentage in young adults. Materials and Methods. This was a pilot study conducted in a group of 100 subjects of age group 18 to 25 years. Ethical clearance was obtained from institutional ethical committee and written informed consent were taken from all subjects participated in the study. Following parameters were taken (a) anthropometric parameters, (b) body fat percentage, (c) physical activity level and (d) VO2max. Results and Discussion. The mean ± SD for age, height, weight, global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ score) and VO2max was found to be higher in male participants as compared to female participants while BMI was almost equal in both the genders but body fat percentage was higher in female participants. There was positive non-significant correlation of VO2max with body mass index and global physical activity in female subjects but positive significant in male subjects. And moderate negative correlation between body fat percentage and VO2max in male and female subjects but not significant (p 0.05). Conclusion. Body fat percentage was negatively correlated with maximum oxygenconsumption (VO2 max).
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Putra, Ade, Tri Bowo Indrato, and Liliek Soetjiatie. "The Design of Oxygen Concentration and Flowrate in CPAP." Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics 1, no. 1 (2019): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v1i1.2.
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Measuring oxygen concentration and measuring the flow of oxygen is a tool used to measure the percentage of oxygen content and oxygen flow rate in CPAP. This tool uses the OCS-03F sensor, with Arduino NANO processors then displayed on the 2X16 character LCD. Measuring the percentage of oxygen content and oxygen flow rate is carried out on CPAP for 5 measurements. The research and manufacture of this module uses the Pre-experimental method with the After Only Design design, which examines the "Oxygen Analyzer", which results in measurements compared to the traced tools to obtain high accuracy values. Based on the results of measurements on the CPAP tool at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital with oxygen level settings of 21%, 30%, 40%, 50% 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% while setting the oxygen measurement rate 1L/m, 2L /m, 3L/m, 4L/m, 5L/m, 6L/m, 7L//m, 8L/m, 9L/m 10L/m. Each measurement was carried out 5 times. For the measurement of oxygen levels the biggest error value is 5% and the smallest -0,06% while for the measurement of oxygen flow rate the biggest error value is 4% and the smallest is 0%. Based on the results of the analysis of the manufacture of oxygen levels and oxygen flow rates, it can be concluded that the manufacture of oxygen concentration measuring instruments and oxygen flow rate can work well.
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Cacua, Karen, Andrés Amell, and Luis Olmos. "A comparative study of the combustion properties of normal biogas-air mixture and oxygen enriched biogas-air." Ingeniería e Investigación 31, no. 1 (2011): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v31n1.20561.
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Research into renewable energy as energy alternatives and decreasing greenhouse gases from organic waste decomposition make biogas a promising alternative for fossil fuel substitution and an energy source from recovery of organic waste in urban, rural and agroindustrial areas. This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of oxygen-enriched biogas combustion properties ranging from 22% to 35%. Results showed that properties such as deflagration speed, adiabatic flame temperature, dew temperature and CO2 and H2O percentage increased when oxygen percentage in air was increased. On the other hand, properties such as minimum ignition energy, stoichiometric air volume and dry fume volume decreased when the O2 percentage in air was higher than 21%.
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Panmanee, K., and W. Smitthipong. "Study of yield percentage of epoxidized natural rubber preparation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1234, no. 1 (2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1234/1/012016.
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Abstract Natural rubber (NR) mostly composes of cis-1,4-polyisoprene as rubber part and a few amounts of nonrubber part, mainly proteins and lipids. For the modification of NR, hydrogen peroxide and formic acid can be applied to produce epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) in the latex stage. The oxygen atom is added to the double bond of NR during epoxidation, resulting in oxirane (epoxide). The ENR reaction was allowed to operate at 60°C for 4 h. Characteristic infrared peaks at 870 and 835 cm-1 from Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to calculate the mole percent of epoxidation. When the reaction time was increased, the proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra of ENR showed an increase in mole percent of epoxidation. So, FTIR and NMR could be used to characterize the yield percentage of ENR preparation.
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DE LAMIRANDE, EVE, and CLAUDE GAGNON. "Reactive Oxygen Species and Human Spermatozoa." Journal of Andrology 13, no. 5 (1992): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1992.tb03327.x.
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Abstract: Mammalian spermatozoa are sensitive to oxygen‐induced damages mediated by lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) could also induce axonemal damage. When Percoll‐separated spermatozoa were treated with hydrogen peroxide, or the combination xanthine and xanthine oxidase (X + XO), there was a progressive decrease, leading to a complete arrest, in sperm flagellar beat frequency. Once demembranated in a medium containing magnesium adenosine triphosphate (Mg.ATP), ROS‐immobilized spermatozoa still reactivated motility; however, the percentage and duration of motility obtained in these tests gradually decreased to zero in the next hour. In 50% of the cases, motility of intact spermatozoa spontaneously reinitiated after 6 to 24 hours of immobilization due to ROS treatment, although with percentages and beat frequencies lower than those of untreated spermatozoa. Studies using ROS scavengers (such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and dimethylsulfoxide) indicated that hydrogen peroxide was the most toxic of the ROS involved, but that ·O2− and ·OH probably also played a role in immobilization of spermatozoa by ROS. The data suggest that ROS induce a chain of events leading to sperm immobilization, that axonemes are affected, and that limited endogenous repair mechanisms exist to reverse these damages.
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Wan Abdul Razak, Wan Razarinah, Noor Zalina Mahmood, and Noorlidah Abdullah. "Effect of Culture Technique of Ganoderma Australe Mycelia on Percentage Removal of Leachate Organics." Scientific Research Journal 13, no. 1 (2016): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v13i1.5447.
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Leachate (liquid pollutant), which is highly contaminated with organic matter and toxic substances is a major problem that arised from landfill. Biological methods have proven to be effective to remove organic matters that are abundant in leachate. This study is intended to compare the used of free mycelia and immobilized mycelia of the white-rot fungi, Ganoderma australe for the removal of landfill leachate organics. The organics fraction of landfill leachate was measured by biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The experiment revealed that free mycelia of G. australe showed capability in removing leachate BOD5 but not COD. However, the use of immobilized G. australe displayed the best result in the removal of BOD5 and COD leachate after 4 weeks of treatment in flasks with 93.09% and 17.84% percentage removal of BOD5 and COD, respectively. Therefore, G. australe can be considered potentially useful in the treatment of landfill leachate as they can help in removing BOD and COD due to their biodegradative abilities.
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Wan Abdul Razak, Wan Razarinah, Noor Zalina Mahmood, and Noorlidah Abdullah. "Effect of Culture Technique of Ganoderma Australe Mycelia on Percentage Removal of Leachate Organics." Scientific Research Journal 13, no. 1 (2016): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v13i1.9387.
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Leachate (liquid pollutant), which is highly contaminated with organic matter and toxic substances is a major problem that arised from landfill. Biological methods have proven to be effective to remove organic matters that are abundant in leachate. This study is intended to compare the used of free mycelia and immobilized mycelia of the white-rot fungi, Ganoderma australe for the removal of landfill leachate organics. The organics fraction of landfill leachate was measured by biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The experiment revealed that free mycelia of G. australe showed capability in removing leachate BOD5 but not COD. However, the use of immobilized G. australe displayed the best result in the removal of BOD5 and COD leachate after 4 weeks of treatment in flasks with 93.09% and 17.84% percentage removal of BOD5 and COD, respectively. Therefore, G. australe can be considered potentially useful in the treatment of landfill leachate as they can help in removing BOD and COD due to their biodegradative abilities.
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Chamorro-Atalaya, Omar, Diego Goicochea-Vilela, Dora Arce-Santillan, Martin Diaz-Choque, and Teodoro Diaz-Leyva. "Automation of the burner of a pirotubular boiler to improve the efficiency in the generation of steam." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 1 (2021): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i1.pp101-109.
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The purpose of this article is to describe the automation developed by means of a programmable logic controller for the burner of a fire tube boiler, in order to improve the efficiency in the process of generating steam quantified through the percentage of oxygen generated. The implementation was developed under a control strategy based on the use of servomotors that allow to gradually open or close the solenoid valves that dose the amount of air and fuel; Considering that there are multiple elements, I limited the analysis to one of its main components, called the burner. After developing this automation, it was possible to demonstrate the decrease in the variability of the oxygen percentage in relation to the optimal or desired value in the boiler. The experimentally obtained data of the oxygen percentage, were subjected to a statistical analysis of dispersion, in which the value of the Pearson's correlation coefficient was determined, whose value was equal to 0.298; This result allowed to conclude that the degree of variability of the indicator in analysis with respect to time is very low, which means that the variable maintains a constant value, equal to the desired value, after automating the fire tube boiler.
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Fried, David W., Joseph J. Leo, Gabriel J. Mattioni, et al. "CDI Blood Parameter Monitoring System 500—A New Tool for the Clinical Perfusionist." Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology 32, no. 1 (2000): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ject/2000322025.
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Sarns/3M Health Care has recently introduced the CDI 500 Blood Parameter Monitoring System. In addition to parameters previously available, this system now offers continuous monitoring of the patient’s oxygen consumption (VO2/min) and potassium concentration ([K+]). The purpose of this study was: (1) to compare the [K+] from the CDI 500 with the [K+] derived from our hospital’s laboratory; and (2) to compare the VO2/min from the CDI 500 with the results obtained utilizing the “gold-standard” Fick equation. The mean absolute difference in [K+] was 0.10 mEq/L with a mean percentage error of only 3.93%. The mean absolute difference in VO2/min was 18.78 ml O2/min, with a mean percentage error of 11.63%. We concluded that the [K+] correlated well and that 9.13% of the oxygen consumption percentage error was attributable to the exclusion of dissolved oxygen in the calculation used by the CDI 500, with the remaining 2.5% attributable to differences in technology. We recommended that future upgrades to the CDI 500 should include dissolved O2 when measuring oxygen consumption and consideration should be given to increasing the operating range for [K+].
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Niu, Miao Miao, Ya Ji Huang, and Bao Sheng Jin. "Simulation of Enriched Air-Steam Biomass Gasification in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.510.
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A model was developed for the enriched air-steam biomass gasification in a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) gasifier using Aspen Plus. Restricted equilibrium method was used to eliminate the deviation caused by the diffusion effect of gas-particle. The model has been divided into three stages (drying and pyrolysis, partial combustion and gasification) for predicting the gasifier performance. Simulation results for gas composition, carbon conversion and cold gas efficiency versus oxygen percentage and steam to biomass ratio (S/B) were compared with the experimental results. Higher oxygen percentage improves the gasification process, increases the production of H2 and CO and results in better gasification efficiency. With increasing oxygen percentage, the production of CO2 and CH4 show decreasing trends. Steam injection enhances the H2 and CO2 production but decreases CO and CH4 production. Carbon conversion presents a slight decrease trend over the S/B range, while cold gas efficiency is first constant and then decreased.
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Hopoğlu, Hicret, Hafize Seda Aydınoğlu, and Tüzemen Ebru Şenadım. "Effect of Oxygen Percentage on the Energy Band Gap of Ga2O3 Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering Method." Journal of NanoScience in Advanced Materials 1, no. 1 (2022): 12–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7464994.
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<strong>In this study, Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> films were deposited on sapphire substrate using Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. The films were produced at 100 W power and at different oxygen percentages of 0%, 2% and 4%. Then, the films were annealed in air at 900°C. The transmittance measurements of all films were performed and the energy band gaps were calculated. The energy band gap between before and after annealing increased as the oxygen percentage increased. Based on these results, it was revealed that the O<sub>2</sub> concentration plays a crucial role in controlling the optical properties of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which can greatly affect the device performance.</strong>
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SALAM, ABYANUDDIN, NUR WISMA NUGRAHA, and WILDAN ALFARIDHANI. "Kendali Aliran dan Tekanan Adaptif dengan Metode Artificial Neural Network pada Alat Terapi Oksigen." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 12, no. 1 (2024): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v12i1.133.
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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang prototype pengendalian aliran dan tekanan adaptif pada alat terapi oksigen. Sensor yang digunakan yaitu sensor MAX30100 untuk membaca saturasi oksigen dan sensor MLX90614 sebagi sensor yang dapat menghitung Respiration Rate atau laju napas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Artificial Neural Network yang diimplentasikan pada Raspberry Pi. Sistem akan bekerja dengan memprediksi nilai laju aliran dan tekanan oksigen yang diperlukan pasien berdasarkan nilai Respiration Rate (RR). Artificial Neural Network (ANN) dapat diimplmentasikan pada rancangan alat terapi oksigen, dengan persentase akurasi Output ANN terhadap perhitungan yaitu 99,39%, sedangkan persentase akurasi ANN terhadap pembacaan aliran oksigen yang terbaca pada sensor flow sebesar yaitu 94,73% dan persentase akurasi ANN terhadap pembacaan tekanan oksigen pada sensor pressure sebesar 89,03%.Kata kunci: Terapi Oksigen, Respiration Rate, Artificial Neural Network ABSTRACTThis research aims to design a prototype of flow and pressure control in an adaptive oxygen therapy device. The sensors used are MAX30100 sensors to read oxygen saturation and MLX90614 sensors as sensors that can calculate Respiration Rate or breath rate. The method used is Artificial Neural Network which is implemented on Raspberry Pi. The system will work by predicting the value of the flow rate and oxygen pressure required by the patient based on the Respiration Rate (RR) value. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) can be implemented in the design of oxygen therapy devices, with the percentage of ANN Output accuracy to the calculation of 99.39%, while the percentage of ANN accuracy on oxygen flow readings on the flow sensor is 94.73% and the percentage of ANN accuracy on oxygen pressure readings on the pressure sensor is 89.03%.Keywords: Oxygen Therapy, Respiration Rate, Artificial Neural Network
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Mirzakhalilov, Sanjar. "PRINCIPLES OF INTELLIGENT MONITORING OF SATURATION OF ATHLETES DURING TRAINING AND COMPETITION." Research and implementation 1, no. 1 (2023): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7922054.
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Oxygen saturation is one of the important indicators of the health and movement of athletes. This indicator reflects the saturation of hemoglobin in the blood with oxygen. It is expressed as a percentage and reflects the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood. This article discusses the methodology, model, algorithm and monitoring program for athletes during competitions in order to prevent diseases caused by a lack of oxygen in the body
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LYEW, M. A., A. J. HOLLAND, and I. R. METCALF. "Combined air and oxygen entrainment. Effect on the percentage output of fixed performance masks." Anaesthesia 45, no. 9 (1990): 732–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14440.x.
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Ahmad Puat, Nur Nasuha, and Hamidi Abdul Aziz. "Biological Treatment of Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater by Using Different Fibers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.401.
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This study evaluated the performance of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with and without the fibers of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSWW). The fibers act as attachment materials to the suspended solids, which are considered as pollutant in PSWW. PSWW contains high-pollutant concentrations. Experiments were conducted using two 60 L laboratory SBR reactors at room temperature (25 °C) and pH 7±0.5. The removal percentage of SBR with and without the fibers was compared in terms of chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand. The removal percentage of SBR with fibers showed higher overall performance, which was approximately 90%. Meanwhile, the removal of SBR without fibers achieved an average percentage of about 70%, which was slightly lower compared with SBR reactor with fibers.
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Anton Yudhana, Abdul Fadlil, and Muhammad Rizki Setyawan. "Analysis of Skype Digital Evidence Recovery based on Android Smartphones Using the NIST Framework." Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 4, no. 4 (2020): 682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v4i4.2093.
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Cybercrime is an activity utilizing electronic devices and network technology as tools or media to commit crimes. One of them uses the Skype application that is installed on the smartphone. In finding evidence from a cybercrime case, a forensic activity known as digital forensic must be carried out. This study aims to recover digital evidence that has been erased using the NIST framework and forensic tools such as Oxygen and Belkasoft. The results of digital evidence recovery from smartphone Samsung J2 in the removal scenario via the application manager, the Oxygen tool cannot recover deleted data and the percentage of success using Belkasoft is 26%. While the results of data recovery with the manual removal method the percentage of success using Oxygen was 63% and Belkasoft was 44%. Digital evidence recovery results from smartphones Andromax A on the erase scenario through the application manager, Oxygen and Belkasoft tools cannot recover deleted data. While manual removal of Oxygen by 61% and Belkasoft cannot restore data. It can be concluded the results of data recovery from both smartphones that are used according to the erasure method through the application manager, Belkasoft has better performance than Oxygen, and data recovery according to the method of erasing manually, Oxygen has better performance than Belkasoft.
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MENON, DOUGLAS NEUMAR, LETÍCIA TEIXEIRA, NATALHA BRISTOT PAUROSI, and MARCIO EDUARDO BARROS. "Effects of heparin and hyperbaric oxygenation on necrosis reduction in an animal model for degloving injuries." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 44, no. 1 (2017): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-69912017001014.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy or with topical and intralesional heparin in an animal model of degloving lesions. Methods: we conducted an experimental study with adult, male Wistar rats submitted to degloving of the left hind limb and divided into four groups according to the treatment: Group 1 (control) - without treatment; Group 2 (Heparin) - intralesional application at the time of surgery and topically, in the postoperative period, with heparin spray 10,000IU/mL; Group 3 (hyperbaric oxygenation) - daily sessions of 30 minutes in a hyperbaric chamber with 100% oxygen and 2 ATA pressure; Group 4 (positive control) - administration of a single dose of 45 mg/kg of intraperitoneal allopurinol. On the seventh day, we killed the animals, removed the cutaneous flaps and measured the total and necrotic areas, as well as computed the percentage of necrotic area. Results: the mean percentage of necrosis in the control group was 56.03%; in the positive control group it was 51.36% (p<0.45); in the heparin group, 42.10% (p<0.07); and in the hyperbaric oxygen therapy group, 31.58% (p<0.01) . Conclusion: both hyperbaric oxygen and heparin therapies were effective in reducing the percentage of necrosis in the model studied, although only the hyperbaric oxygenation showed statistical significance.
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Kwok, Manny M. Y., Eric T. C. Poon, Shamay S. M. Ng, Matthew C. Y. Lai, and Billy C. L. So. "Effects of Aquatic versus Land High-Intensity Interval Training on Acute Cardiometabolic and Perceptive Responses in Healthy Young Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (2022): 16761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416761.
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The effects of aquatic high-intensity interval training (AHIIT) on cardiometabolic and perceptive responses when compared to similar land-based exercise (LHIIT) remain unknown. Here, we aimed to (1) establish a matched intensity between mediums and (2) compare the acute cardiometabolic and perceptive responses to the two interventions in healthy young women. Twenty healthy young women performed a stationary running exercise at a matched exercise intensity. The incremental stages, in terms of percentage of heart rate (HR), maximal oxygen uptake (%VO2max), percentage of oxygen uptake reserve (%VO2R), percentage of heart rate reserve (%HRR), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE), were examined and acute cardiometabolic and perceptive responses were evaluated. The results showed that HR was significantly reduced (AHIIT: W 150 ± 19, R 140 ± 18, LHIIT: W 167 ± 16, R 158 ± 16 p < 0.01) and oxygen pulse (AHIIT: W 12 ± 2, R 10 ± 2, LHIIT: W 11 ± 2, R 9 ± 2 p < 0.05) was significantly increased with AHIIT compared to LHIIT. No significant group differences were observed for the perceptive responses. The comparable results demonstrated by the aquatic and land incremental tests allow precise AHIIT and LHIIT prescriptions. AHIIT had distinct differences in HR and oxygen pulse, despite having no distinct difference from LHIIT for some cardiometabolic and affective responses.
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Popova, Elena S., and Alexander N. Subbotin. "Analysis of the vapor-oxygen oxidizer in the synthesis gas production from solid fuel." MATEC Web of Conferences 194 (2018): 01057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819401057.
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A universal method of processing low-grade coals, as well as energy waste, is their gasification. A mathematical model of the conversion of coke, placed in a cylindrical capsule, through which a steam-oxygen blow is carried out, is considered. The determining parameter is the proportion of oxygen in the oxidizer. The values of the oxygen concentration in a steam-oxygen oxidizer are found to produce a synthesis gas with a predetermined percentage of combustible components.
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Batey, Ian E., Ashley R. Hartman, Theresa J. Rathbun, et al. "PSII-A-2 Correlations between Reactive Oxygen Species and Functional Measurements of Spermatozoa from Beef Bulls." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (2022): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.482.
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Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have effects on characteristics of spermatozoa, including mitochondrial membrane potential, acrosomal integrity, and structural abnormalities that can influence spermatozoa function. The objective was to determine correlations between sperm response to ROS and functional sperm measurements using ejaculates collected as part of bull breeding soundness exams (BSE). Semen samples were collected from Angus and Charolais bulls (403 ± 11 d of age; n=46) over three days during yearling BSEs. A veterinarian evaluated spermatozoa for percent motility and normal morphology, and percentage progressive motility was measured using an iSperm® analyzer. If ejaculates met minimum thresholds for passing a BSE, they were diluted to 70 million cells/mL using BoviFree® and sent overnight for flow cytometry evaluation. Flow cytometry assays including acrosome and cell membrane integrity, mitochondrial energy potential, and oxidation status. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients in SAS. Percentage live spermatozoa with positive ROS status was correlated (r = 0.53; P &lt; 0.001) with percentage progressive motility. Percentage live spermatozoa with negative ROS status was moderately correlated with percentage spermatozoa exhibiting secondary abnormalities (r = 0.33; P = 0.02) and tended to be lowly correlated (r = 0.28; P = 0.06) with percentage spermatozoa exhibiting primary abnormalities. Percentage live spermatozoa that had disrupted acrosomes was strongly correlated (r = 0.66; P &lt; 0.001) with percentage live spermatozoa with negative ROS and also moderately negatively correlated (r = -0.31; P = 0.04) with percentage live spermatozoa with positive ROS. Percentage live spermatozoa with positive ROS status was correlated (r = 0.58; P &lt; 0.001) with percentage of spermatozoa with active mitochondrial membranes. Live spermatozoa with positive ROS were strongly correlated (P&lt; 0.001) with live spermatozoa (r=0.94) and live spermatozoa with intact acrosome (r=0.92). These data confirm previous research that shows the detrimental effects of ROS on spermatozoa function.
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Paredes-Ruiz, María-José, María Jódar-Reverte, Vicente Ferrer-López, and Ignacio Martínez González-Moro. "MUSCLE OXYGENATION OF THE QUADRICEPS AND GASTROCNEMIUS DURING MAXIMAL AEROBIC EFFORT." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 27, no. 2 (2021): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127022020_0076.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Introduction: Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique that is used in the assessment of tissue oxygenation and the monitoring of physical activity. Objective: To determine the influence of sexual, anthropometric and ergospirometric factors on muscle oxygenation of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius, obtained by NIRS during a stress test. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study (10 women). Two Humon Hex® devices were placed on the dominant side of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles to measure muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2). The stress test was performed on a treadmill with electrocardiographic control and measurement of oxygen consumption. SmO2 was obtained at rest and after maximum effort during the stress test. In addition, the height, weight, skinfold and waist contour were measured. Bioimpedance was used to obtain the percentages of fat mass and muscle mass, which were used to calculate the relative fat mass (RFM). Results: The SmO2 of both muscles at rest is higher in males than in females. At maximum effort, the SmO2 of the quadriceps is similar in both groups. The SmO2 of both muscles is positively related to height, body mass, percentage of mass muscle and waist contour, and negatively with percentage of mass fat, RFM and skinfold thickness. The negative correlation between fat percentage and oxygen saturation is more evident in females. It was observed that the variables that quantify maximum effort are not related to the SmO2 values, except for the correlation between HR max and SmO2 of the gastrocnemius muscle in males. Conclusion: The SmO2 of recreational athletes is influenced by the location of the device and the fat mass of the subjects. The biggest differences between the sexes are in the gastrocnemius muscle. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a Diagnostic Test .