Relevant bibliographies by topics / Oxygen supply and demand

Academic literature on the topic 'Oxygen supply and demand'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Oxygen supply and demand":

1

IRITA, KAZUO. "Brain oxygen demand and supply balance." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL ANESTHESIA 19, no. 1 (1999): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2199/jjsca.19.16.

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Vincent, J. L. "The relationship between oxygen demand, oxygen uptake, and oxygen supply." Intensive Care Medicine 16, S2 (February 1990): S145—S148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01785244.

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3

Roytblat, Leonid, Simon Gelman, Edwin L. Bradley, Todd Henderson, and Dale Parks. "Dopamine and hepatic oxygen supply – demand relationship." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, no. 8 (August 1, 1990): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-174.

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The present study examined the effect of small, vasodilating doses of dopamine on the hepatic oxygen supply – uptake ratio. Thirteen miniature pigs weighing 18–27 kg were studied under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia. Hepatic arterial and portal blood flows were measured. Oxygen content in arterial, portal, and hepatic venous blood was determined. Dopamine was infused in doses of 5, 10, and 15 μg∙kg−1∙min−1. Dopamine infusion was associated with a dose-related increase in hepatic oxygen uptake and a dose-independent increase in hepatic oxygen delivery with a maximal increase (30%) in the hepatic oxygen delivery at 10 μg∙kg−1∙min−1. The hepatic oxygen delivery–uptake ratio remained unchanged during dopamine infusion in doses of 5 and 10 μg∙kg−1∙min−1 and significantly decreased during the dose of 15 μg∙kg−1∙min−1. The study demonstrated that an increase in cardiac output and hepatic oxygen delivery during dopamine administration was not associated with an improvement in hepatic oxygen supply – demand relationship since hepatic oxygen uptake also increased.Key words: dopamine, hepatic blood flow, hepatic oxygenation.
4

Nemoto, Edwin M., Howard Yonas, and Amin Kassam. "Cerebral oximetry: Cerebral Oxygen Supply and Demand." Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology 10, no. 4 (October 1998): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008506-199810000-00046.

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Ferro, Giuseppe, Letìzia Spinelli, Carlo Duilio, Marco Spadafora, Franco Guarnaccia, Giorgio Cinquegrana, and Mario Condorelli. "Noninvasive Assessment of Myocardial Oxygen Supply/Demand." American Journal of Noninvasive Cardiology 5, no. 2 (1991): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000470424.

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White, Kathleen M. "Using Continuous SVO2 to Assess Oxygen Supply/Demand Balance in the Critically Ill Patient." AACN Advanced Critical Care 4, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1993-1011.

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To ensure that tissues arc well oxygenated, oxygen supply and demand are now targets of therapy for the critically ill patient. This chapter reviews the physiologic determinants of oxygen supply, how it is threatened by respiratory or cardiac dysfunction or by hemorrhaged or anemic states, and how it can be assessed in individual patients. Activities and conditions that increase tissue oxygen demand arc examined so that clinicians can identify those patients whose oxygen demands may be excessive and should be controlled. Failure of tissues to consume enough oxygen is explained in patients with critically low delivery or with the maldistributed blood flow state seen in sepsis. The monitoring of mixed venous oxygen saturation is examined as a method of tracking the threats to supply/demand balance and of guiding treatment that can support the adequate oxygenation of tissue
7

Gelman, S., L. Roytblat, E. L. Bradley, T. Henderson, and D. Parks. "HEPATIC OXYGEN SUPPLY-DEMAND RELATIONSHIP DURING DOPAMINE ADMINISTRATION." Anesthesiology 71, Supplement (September 1989): A160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198909001-00160.

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KIM, Y. D., D. NEMATZADEH, D. E. LEES, P. H. WOLF, J. C. ROSE, P. A. KNOT, and T. E. MACNAMARA. "Halothane Effects on Subendocardial Oxygen Supply-Demand Balance." Survey of Anesthesiology 30, no. 4 (August 1986): 180???181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-198608000-00002.

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Tánczos, Krisztián, and Zsolt Molnár. "The oxygen supply–demand balance: A monitoring challenge." Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology 27, no. 2 (June 2013): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2013.06.001.

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Kim, Young D., David Nematzadeh, David E. Lees, Pamela H. Wolf, John C. Rose, Peter A. Kot, and Thomas E. Macnamara. "Halothane Effects on Subendocardial Oxygen Supply-Demand Balance." Anesthesia & Analgesia 64, no. 12 (December 1985): 1149???1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198512000-00003.

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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oxygen supply and demand":

1

Johnston, A. J. "Oxygen supply-demand relationships after traumatic brain injury." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.605667.

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2

Dodhy, Sami C. "AGE-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN OXYGEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF RAT SPINOTRAPEZIUS MUSCLE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5670.

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Because of the aerobic nature of cellular metabolism in mammalian organisms, a continuous supply of oxygen is necessary to maintain normal physiological function. As organisms age, their metabolic rates generally decline and there are accompanying alterations in the structure and function of the microcirculation, as this part of the cardiovascular system is especially important for oxygen exchange. The overall Oxygen Transport System can be considered as being composed of two complementary components: one for Oxygen Demand and one for Oxygen Supply. The purpose of the current work is to describe the age-dependent changes in both oxygen demand and oxygen supply at the level of the microcirculation, using intravital microscopic observations of the rat spinotrapezius muscle, along with optical techniques to delineate the structural, hemodynamic and oxygenation variables needed to characterize the Oxygen Transport System in this tissue. A summary of the findings is that basal oxygen consumption gradually declined with age (from 2 to 12 months) and there were corresponding decreases in tissue blood flow, blood hemoglobin concentration and capillary surface area for oxygen exchange, so that oxygen supply and demand were generally well-matched.
3

Lowman, John D. Jr. "Effects of emphysema and chronic hypoxemia on skeletal muscle oxygen supply and demand." VCU Scholars Compass, 2004. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/907.

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Skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition in which peripheral skeletal muscle undergoes myopathic changes which impair muscle function, limit physical performance, and can lead to significant disability. While the etiology of the dysfunction is unknown, this study was conducted to test the hypothesis that chronic hypoxemia leads to alterations in oxygen transport and muscle function. A primary objective was to validate elastase-induced emphysema in rats as an animal model of skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD.Arterial blood gases were used to determine the severity of hypoxemia and sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to determine the proportions of myosin heavy chain isoforms I, IIa, IIx, and IIb. Measures of microvascular oxygenation and blood flow in the spinotrapezius muscle allowed for determination of both convective and diffusive oxygen supply to the muscle, as well as calculation of muscle oxygen consumption at rest and during electrically stimulated three-minute muscle contractions. Muscle performance measures included peak force, force-time integral, and fatigue index. Due to a presumed rat respiratory virus, which likely resulted in the control group being nearly as hypoxemic as the elastase-induced emphysema group, this study was not able to definitively test the hypothesis that chronic hypoxemia leads to both a diminished supply and demand of oxygen in skeletal muscle. Although many of the results of the present study were not statistically significant, they exhibited consistent trends over time and are likely of physiological significance. All measures of muscle performance were lower in the emphysema group. In addition, spinotrapezius muscle oxygen consumption and blood flow were lower in the emphysema group. The addition of supplemental oxygen during isolated, small-muscle mass exercise did increase the force-time integral by ~18% in both groups, suggesting that muscle work in these hypoxemic animals may be limited by oxygen supply. Thus, the data on muscle fiber type, oxygen consumption and muscle performance suggest that elastase-induced emphysema in rats leads to a similar skeletal muscle dysfunction that is observed in humans with COPD, and indicates that it is a valid animal model of skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD.
4

Docherty, Annemarie Beth. "Myocardial injury in critically ill patients with co-existing cardiovascular disease." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31247.

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Approximately 30% of people admitted to ICU in the UK have co-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD), and this may rise as life-expectancy increases. Patients with CVD have impaired compensatory mechanisms to enable maximum oxygen delivery to the tissues in the event of critical illness, which itself increases global oxygen demand, further stressing the heart. This is exacerbated by tachycardia and hypotension, which may relatively reduce blood flow to the coronary arteries, and catecholamines which increase myocardial oxygen demand. The myocardium extracts 75% of the oxygen supplied by the coronary arteries at rest, and atheroma-related flow limitation further compromises myocardial oxygen delivery. However, the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome in critical illness is not straightforward, due to patient inability to communicate symptoms, non-specific ECG changes, and poorly understood cardiac biomarker troponin elevation. My overall hypothesis is that patients with CVD benefit from increased oxygen delivery to the myocardium during critical illness. A focus is the importance of anaemia. The aims of the studies presented in this thesis are (i) to systematically review the literature regarding blood transfusion thresholds specifically in patients with CVD; (ii) to explore the association between Troponin I (TnI) within 24 hours of ICU admission and hospital mortality (iii) to describe and quantify the dynamics of TnI in patients with CVD during the first ten days after ICU admission; and (iv) to define myocardial infarction in the context of critical illness. I have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing a restrictive with liberal transfusion threshold and that included patients with CVD. In total, 11 trials enrolling patients with CVD (n=3033) were included for meta-analysis (restrictive n=1514, liberal=1519). The pooled risk ratio for the association between a restrictive transfusion threshold and 30 day mortality was 1.15 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.50, p=0.50, I2=14%). The risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients managed with restrictive compared with liberal transfusion was increased (nine trials, risk ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.70, p=0.0, I2=0%). In contrast to broader literature supporting restrictive thresholds, our systematic review shows that a restrictive transfusion threshold of less than 80g/l may not be safe in patients with co-existing CVD, and highlights the variability in diagnostic definitions of ACS and the potential for ascertainment bias in transfusion trials. I undertook a retrospective cohort study in two independently collected cohorts of general ICU patients who had TnI measured within 24 hours of ICU admission. Importantly, the majority of TnI samples were collected routinely rather than for clinical indications. We used the Abbott ARCHITECT Stat assay (limit of detection 0.01mcg/l. We performed multivariable regression, adjusting for components of the APACHE II model. We derived the risk prediction score from the multivariable model with TnI. TnI was associated with all cause hospital mortality (OR per doubling TnI 1.16, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.20, p < 0.001) which persisted after adjustment for APACHE II model components (OR TnI 1.05, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.09, p=0.003). TnI correlated highly with the Acute Physiological Score component of APACHE II (r=0.39), suggesting that TnI release may be largely explained by acute physiological stress. Addition of TnI to the APACHE II model did not improve the performance of the risk prediction model and we would not advocate the adoption of a routine single troponin sample at admission. I designed, set up, and recruited 279 patients to a prospective cohort study TROPonin I in Cardiovascular patients in CriticAL care (TROPICCAL, UKCRN 19253) in 11 UK centres. The aims were to (i) determine the incidence of Myocardial Injury and Infarction, defined by the Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction; (ii) explore factors associated with Injury and Infarction from multivariable analyses; and (iii) explore the relationship between Injury/Infarction and outcome in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. We recorded baseline characteristics, and took daily hs-TnI for ten days after ICU admission, severity of illness measures and ECGs for 5 days. There was a wide range of peak TnI (med 114ng/l (min 3, Q1 27, Q3 412, max 58820ng/l)) and a high prevalence of myocardial injury on systematic screening: 71% of patients had peak TnI greater than the sex-specific diagnostic threshold ('Injury'), and 24% had peak TnI greater than the sex-specific diagnostic threshold and dynamic changes on ECG consistent with ischaemia ('Infarction'). TnI consistently showed a rise-and-fall pattern consistent with an acute myocardial 'hit' rather than persisting injury, which peaked early during ICU stay. Importantly, only 12 (4.4%) patients were diagnosed with MI by the clinicians looking after the patients. Independent predictors of peak TnI in the preceding 24 hours were SOFA score, dynamic ECG ischaemia, lactate, haemoglobin, and age. The lack of association with CRP (representing systemic inflammation), with stronger association with lactate (representing inadequate perfusion/oxygen supply), Hb and ECG ischaemia support the conjecture that injury results in part from an acute ischaemic hit in this population. Patients with Infarction had similar baseline demographics to patients with Injury, but had higher peak TnI concentrations, and higher hospital and six month mortality (Figure 2). This supports the importance of including systematic assessment of dynamic ECG changes in the myocardial injury 'construct' in ICU. My work has shown an increased risk of ACS in patients with CVD randomised to restrictive transfusion thresholds. TnI elevation is prevalent in general ICU patients, and is independently associated with hospital mortality. A systematic approach to the detection of myocardial injury in critically ill patients with co-existing CVD who are unable to communicate symptoms, can identify a high risk population who have poorer survival than patients with no injury. Markers of ischaemia are more associated with TnI rise than markers of inflammation, supporting the hypothesis that myocardial injury in this population is at least in part due to oxygen supply-demand imbalance 'myocardial infarction'. From this work, I would recommend (i) a more liberal transfusion threshold of at least 80g/l in patients with coexisting CVD; (ii) systematic use of sequential ECGs in ICU to screen for myocardial injury in 'at risk' patients; and (iii) manipulation of physiological parameters such as anaemia, hypotension and tachycardia should be considered for patients with dynamic ECG changes plus troponin increase consistent with Infarction. Future research should include 'precision medicine' trials in the substantial cohort of ICU patients with co-existing CVD to explore whether interventions that increase myocardial oxygen supply and/or treat infarction alter outcomes.
5

MacPherson, Tara A. "Sediment oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand : patterns of oxygen depletion in tidal creek sites /." Electronic version (PDF), 2003. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2003/macphersont/taramacpherson.pdf.

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Olinde, Lindsay. "Sediment Oxygen Demand Kinetics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42437.

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Hypolimnetic oxygen diffusers increase sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and, if not accounted for in design, can further exacerbate anoxic conditions. A study using extracted sediment cores, that included both field and laboratory experiments, was performed to investigate SOD kinetics in Carvinâ s Cove Reservoir, a eutrophic water supply reservoir for Roanoke, Virginia. A bubble-plume diffuser is used in Carvinâ s Cove to replenish oxygen consumed while the reservoir is thermally stratified. The applicability of zero-order, first-order, and Monod kinetics to describe transient and steady state SOD was modeled using analytical and numerical techniques. Field and laboratory experiments suggested that first-order kinetics characterize Carvinâ s Cove SOD. SOD calculated from field experiments reflected diffuser flow changes. Laboratory experiments using mini-diffusers to vary dissolved oxygen concentration and turbulence were conducted at 4°C and 20°C. Similar to field observations, the laboratory results followed changes in mini-diffuser flow. Kinetic-temperature relationships were also observed in the laboratory experiments. A definitive conclusion could not be made on the broad applicability of first-order kinetics to Carvinâ s Cove SOD due to variability within field experiments. However, in situ experiments are underway that should assist in the overall understanding of the reservoirâ s SOD kinetics.
Master of Science
7

Hilletofth, Per. "Demand-Supply Chain Management." Doctoral thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21732.

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Purpose: This research aims to enhance the current understanding and knowledge of the demand-supply chain management (DSCM) concept by determining its elements, benefits, and requirements, as well as by analyzing key elements of the concept. Methodology: This research has utilized the case study strategy and the survey strategy, however, the case study strategy dominates. The case study research has involved five companies originating from Sweden and the collection of empirical data mainly from in-depth interviews with key persons representing senior and middle management. The survey research targeted the largest firms in Sweden and Finland and empirical data was collected through an online questionnaire. Findings: This research has established that the main elements of DSCM include market orientation, coordination of the demand and supply processes, viewing the demand and supply processes as being equally important, as well as value creation, differentiation, innovativeness, responsiveness, and cost-efficiency in the demand and supply processes. It has also been revealed that the main benefits of DSCM include enhanced competiveness, enhanced demand chain performance, as well as enhanced supply chain performance, while the main requirements of DSCM include organizational competences, company established principles, demand-supply chain collaboration, and information technology support. A key element of DSCM further investigated is differentiation focused supply chain design. It has been shown that these efforts can be organized into a process of five stages. In addition, it is important that this process is addressed in parallel with the new product development (NPD) process, that information is exchanged between them, and that they are directed on the basis of the same segmentation model. Another key element of DSCM further investigated is coordination between NPD and SCM. This research has identified several significant linkages between these management directions, which motivate the use of an integrative NPD process where the NPD functions are aligned with the main supply functions in the company and other sales-related functions supporting the commercialization. A final key element of DSCM further investigated is the significance of regarding the demand processes and the supply processes as being equally important. This research has revealed that logistics outsourcing can be risky, if it results in the supply processes being considered less important. Nevertheless, if senior management regards the outsourced processes as equally important as the in-house processes, the effect of logistics outsourcing on company strategies and direction in SCM could be reduced and logistics outsourcing could instead provide an opportunity to improve the design and differentiation of the supply chain. Research limitations/implications: This research has proposed, described, and further analyzed a demand-supply oriented management approach. Such a management approach stresses that the demand processes and the supply processes have to be coordinated and directed at an overlying level, in order to gain and sustain a competitive advantage in competitive and fragmented markets. This research is mainly explorative in nature, and more empirical data, from similar and other research settings, is needed to further validate the findings. Another limitation of the research is that it is essentially limited to Swedish companies (even if some Finnish companies are involved in the survey), however, many of the case companies have a large international presence and are among the top three in their industries, facts which provide some grounds for generalization. Practical implications: This research provides researchers and practitioners with insights into how to develop a demand-supply oriented business. It shows that companies should organize themselves around understanding how customer value is created and delivered, as well as how these processes and management directions can be coordinated. In order for this to occur, the demand and supply processes must be considered as being equally important and the firm needs to be managed jointly and in a coordinated manner by the demand- and supply-side of the company. It is also important that value creation is considered in both the demand and supply processes. Originality/value: Despite strong arguments from both researchers and practitioners for a demand-supply oriented management approach only a minority of companies appear to have effectively coordinated the demand and supply processes. This might be influenced by the lack of research examining how the demand and supply processes can be coordinated, what benefits can be gained by coordinating them, and what requirements are necessary to succeed. This research contributes by investigating these types of aspects further.
8

Yung, Kam-shing, and 翁錦誠. "Sediment oxygen demand in coastal waters." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234562.

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Yung, Kam-shing. "Sediment oxygen demand in coastal waters /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19667656.

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Semydotska, I., I. Novak, and D. O. Marchenko. "Supply, demand and market prices." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16777.

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Books on the topic "Oxygen supply and demand":

1

Fitzmaurice, G. Biochemical oxygen demand: Interlaboratory precision test. Dublin: Trinity College, 1987.

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Brennan, Linda Crotta. Supply and demand. Mankato, MN: The Child's World, 2013.

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Ball, Madeline K. Supply and demand. New York: Rosen Pub., 2012.

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Adil, Janeen R. Supply and demand. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2006.

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Noton, L. R. Investigations of streambed oxygen demand, Athabasca River. Edmonton, Alta: Northern River Basins Study, 1996.

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O'Sullivan, Gerald. Water supply: The supply/demand problem. Dublin: Institution of Engineers of Ireland, 2002.

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Iman, Abdul Hamid Mar. Property supply and demand. Skudai, Johor Darul Ta'zim, Malaysia: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2007.

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Jordan, K. Forbis. Teacher supply and demand. Washington, D.C: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1985.

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Farmer, Roger E. A. Aggregate demand and supply. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Rao, B. Bhaskara, ed. Aggregate Demand and Supply. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26293-9.

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Book chapters on the topic "Oxygen supply and demand":

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Vincent, J. L., J. Bakker, and P. G. Silance. "Relationship Between Oxygen Demand and Oxygen Supply in Severe Sepsis." In Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure, 908–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76736-4_61.

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Ichihara, Kazuo, and Yasushi Abiko. "Cardiac Metabolism as an Indicator of Oxygen Supply/Demand Ratio." In Oxygen Transport to Tissue X, 431–35. New York, NY: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_51.

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Suter, P. M., and M. G. Palazzo. "Oxygen Demand/Supply Relationship: Role of Hormonal Influences." In Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 252–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84169-9_20.

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Giraud, Raphael, and Karim Bendjelid. "Monitoring the Adequacy of Oxygen Supply and Demand." In Hemodynamic Monitoring in the ICU, 57–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29430-8_4.

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Schlichtig, R., J. V. Snyder, and M. R. Pinsky. "Multiple Organ Oxygen Supply-Demand Relationships and Redistribution of Flow." In Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 143–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84169-9_12.

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Bihari, D. J. "Mismatch of the Oxygen Supply and Demand in Septic Shock." In Septic Shock, 148–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83108-9_13.

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Pinsky, M. R. "Beyond global oxygen supply-demand relations: in search of measures of dysoxia." In Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine 2, 319–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28233-1_31.

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Reinhart, K. "Fiberoptic $$\text{S}\bar{\text{v}}\text{O}_2$$ Monitoring as Indicator of Changes in Whole Body Oxygen Supply/Demand Relationship." In Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 72–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84167-5_7.

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Montes, Manuel Flores. "Biochemical Oxygen Demand." In Encyclopedia of Estuaries, 75–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_167.

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Latif, Usman, and Franz L. Dickert. "Chemical Oxygen Demand." In Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors, 719–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1301-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Oxygen supply and demand":

1

Katzper, Meyer. "Roles for autonomous physiologic agents; an oxygen supply and demand example." In 2007 Winter Simulation Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2007.4419760.

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Thakur, Shubham, and Dharmendra Prasad Mahato. "IoT Based Delivery System for demand and supply chain of Oxygen Concentrators." In 2022 14th International Conference on COMmunication Systems & NETworkS (COMSNETS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comsnets53615.2022.9668368.

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Sélard, E., A. Shirazi-Adl, and J. P. G. Urban. "Finite Element Study of Oxygen Diffusion in the Intervertebral Disc." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2622.

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Abstract The intervertebral disc consists of a water-rich extra-cellular matrix which is synthesized and maintained by its cells. The disc is the largest avascular tissue in the body with its cells lying as much as 8mm away from the blood supply. Nutrients, essential for maintaining cellular viability, diffuse through the matrix from blood supply under a concentration gradient arising from cellular demand. The oxygen concentration gradients in the intervertebral disc are investigated to examine the effects of exchange area and disc thickness on oxygen flux in the disc. The concentration gradients are computed using the two-dimensional Poisson’s equation and measured values for oxygen consumption rate and oxygen diffusion.
4

Cole, M., and J. Gabzdyl. "New Developments in Thermal Spray Gas Supply Systems." In ITSC2001, edited by Christopher C. Berndt, Khiam A. Khor, and Erich F. Lugscheider. ASM International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2001p1277.

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Abstract An important aspect in the successful commercialisation of thermal spray processing is a safe and cost efficient gas supply system. As coating techniques such as High Velocity Oxygen Fuel spraying, (HVOF) High Pressure Plasma spraying (HPPS), High Pressure High Velocity Oxygen Fuel kerosene based systems (HPHVOF) and the recent developments in Cold Gas Dynamic spraying become more prominent, so the requirements on existing standard gas delivery systems designed for less demanding applications such as flame and plasma spraying need to be up-rated and improved. This work highlights recent developments in gas safety supply equipment dedicated to the thermal spray sector, the use of gas detectors in thermal spray workshops, more cost efficient gas delivery systems for fuel gases such as hydrogen, LPG propane, propylene and acetylene, and also covers improvements in gas delivery systems for the process gases such as oxygen, nitrogen and argon. The paper looks at various gas supply options, comparing compressed gas cylinders, liquid gas cylinders and bulk liquid supply vessels outlining the benefits and limitations of each systems in relation to the individual spray techniques. The higher pressures and flow rate associated with the growth of kerosene based fuel guns has resulted in an increased demand on the conventional compressed oxygen supply systems making them less cost effective and unworkable in a production environment. The paper covers new liquid oxygen supply cylinders and novel bulk tank systems that reduce cylinder holdings while reducing gas wastage due to lack of pressure. With the increase in higher thermal energy systems, necessity to more closely control the temperature of sprayed the component has outstretched the demands on conventional compressed air cooling systems. In the past, the use of cryogenic cooling gases such as carbon dioxide has been restricted by increased cost. However it has been shown in a number of cases that often the hidden costs of running air compressors, including the use of moisture traps, and oil filters can be greater than using clean, high purity cryogenic liquid gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The paper outlines the details of such cooling systems. The commercial success of Cold Gas Dynamic spraying may in future rely on a cost efficient, high pressure and high volume gas delivery systems for either helium or nitrogen. The paper describes a novel high pressure supply system presently used in another application suitable for Cold Gas Dynamic spraying with nitrogen able to generate pressure in-excess of 30 bar and flow rates above 120m3/hr from a liquid vessel.
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Schoenung, Susan, and Jay Keller. "Distributed Power Generation and Energy Storage From Renewables Using a Hydrogen Oxygen Turbine." In ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2018-7183.

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Renewable energy is best utilized when partnered with energy storage to balance the variable supply with daily and seasonal grid demands. At the distribution level, in addition to meeting power demands, there is a need to maintain system voltage and reactive power / VAR control. Rotating machinery is most effective for VAR control at the substation level. This paper presents a patented MW-scale system that provides power from a hydrogen-oxygen-fueled combined cycle power plant, where the hydrogen and oxygen are generated from electrolysis using renewable wind or solar power. The steam generated from combustion is the working fluid for the power plant, in a closed loop system. Also presented is a discussion on a patented strategy for safe combustion and handling of hydrogen and oxygen, as well as how to use this combustion strategy for flame and post flame temperature control. Finally, a preliminary benefits analysis illustrates the various energy storage and distributed generation benefits that are possible with this system. Depending on the storage approach, energy storage — charge and discharge durations — of 4 to greater than 24 hours are possible, much longer than most battery energy storage systems. Benefits include not only peak shaving and VAR control, but also grid balancing services to avoid the “spilling” of excess renewable power when supply exceeds demand and fast ramping in the evening hours.
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VandenBrooks, John. "Supply and demand: How would variation in atmospheric oxygen over geologic time have influenced insect tracheal and mitochondrial networks?" In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93623.

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Nobari, Soroush, Rosaire Mongrain, Richard Leask, and Raymond Cartier. "Effect of Aortic Distensibility on Coronary Flow: A 3D FSI Model of Aortic Valve With the Inclusion of Coronary Arteries." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53487.

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Aortic stiffening and CAS are thought to affect coronary blood flow [1,2]. Pathological conditions such as aortic aneurysm, aortic wall stiffening and calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) will affect the distensibility of the aortic root and therefore the hemodynamics of the region. Reduced aortic distensibility (i.e. increased aortic stiffness) via presence of pathologies such as severe CAS results in a decrease of diastolic backflow. This reduction will cause less flow to enter the coronaries [2,3,4] and therefore reduce the amount of oxygen delivered to myocardium. This reduction of coronary flow can be explained by the concomitance of reduced myocardial supply as a result of decreased coronary perfusion pressure, and increased myocardial metabolic demand.
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Culwell, Bradford M., Shripad T. Revankar, and Radhika Kotha. "A Dynamic Model for a Closed-Loop Continuous Energy System Using Solar Power." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14550.

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One key advantage of solar power over more traditional power sources is its modular nature, allowing it to be used in remote locations or as a supplementary source of power. Recent studies show fuel cell technology as a good means of providing a continuous supply of electricity from a solar array, eliminating drawbacks caused by solar energy's cyclical nature. The high power density of such a system makes it ideal for use in areas such as unmanned aerial vehicles and space exploration. Due to the complexity and relatively high initial cost of current fuel cells, however, optimization of such a system is critical. This paper examines a dynamic model of a solar regenerative fuel cell system built in MATLAB Simulink. The system uses a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, running on stored hydrogen and oxygen, to produce power when solar energy is insufficient. It uses a PEM based electrolyzer to produce hydrogen and oxygen from water when solar energy exceeds demand. The mathematical model includes modules for each component, including solar cells, fuel cell, electrolyzer, and auxiliary systems. Models were built based on fundamental physics to the extent practical. The individual modules were first tested for their performances and then were integrated to form an integrated solar powered regenerative fuel cell system. The simulations were carried out for a day and night cycle and the results show that the closed loop system can be operated providing continuous supply of electric power.
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Yamamoto, Joji, Yasuharu Nakajima, Hideyuki Oka, and Sotaro Masanobu. "A Numerical Model for Environmental Impact on Marine Organisms for Seafloor Resources Development." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10571.

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The exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Japan has a very wide area due to a lot of islands in the Japanese Archipelago. Recently, the development of power generation facilities, food production facilities, and the natural resources in the Japanese EEZ are planned. As the worldwide supply and demand of mineral resources are being tight, the technology for effective exploitation and the use of mineral resources in the EEZ will become a key for sustainable development in the Japanese industry. Prior to development of marine mineral resources, it is necessary to evaluate its environmental impact on the water column and seafloor of ocean. However, the environmental evaluation method for open ocean has not been established yet. Then, we are developing the environmental impact prediction model for the seafloor mineral resources development in deep sea area with the consideration of benthic organisms. This model can estimate the impacts of excavating seafloor and sedimentation of particles on marine organisms using an ecosystem model. In addition, the influence of an increase in dissolved oxygen on bacteria caused by the discharging of oxygen-rich waste water at seafloor, is considered in this model. The ecosystem in this model includes benthic organisms, zooplankton, bacteria, particulate organic matter and dissolved oxygen as the components. This paper introduces the calculation case using the prototype model.
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Moore, J. Jeffrey, Owen Pryor, Ian Cormier, and Jeremy Fetvedt. "Oxygen Storage Incorporated Into Net Power and the Allam-Fetvedt Oxy-Fuel sCO2 Power Cycle – Technoeconomic Analysis." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82060.

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Abstract With the planned future reliance on variable renewable energy, the ability to store energy for prolonged time periods will be required to reduce the disruption of market fluctuations. This paper presents a method to analyze a hybrid liquid-oxygen (LOx) storage / direct-fired sCO2 power cycle and optimize the economic performance over a diverse range of scenarios. The system utilizes a modified version of the NET Power process to produce energy when energy demand exceeds the supply while displacing much of the cost of the ASU energy requirements through cryogenic storage of oxygen. The model uses marginal cost of energy data to determine the optimal times to charge and discharge the system over a given scenario. The model then applies ramp rates and other time-dependent factors to generate an economic model for the system without storage considerations. The size of the storage system is then applied to create a realistic model of the plant operation. From the real plant operation model, the amount of energy charged and discharged, the CAPEX of each system, energy costs and revenue and other parameters can be calculated. The economic parameters are then combined to calculate the net present value (NPV) of the system for the given scenario. The model was then run through the SMPSO genetic algorithm in Python for a variety of geographic regions and large-scale scenarios (high solar penetration) to maximize the NPV based on multiple parameters for each subsystem. The LOx storage requirements will also be discussed.

Reports on the topic "Oxygen supply and demand":

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Morris, Andrew M., Sally Bean, Chaim M. Bell, Martin Betts, Jennifer Gibson, Christopher Graham, Rebecca Greenberg, et al. Strategies to Manage Tocilizumab Supply During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.22.1.0.

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Tocilizumab is an anti-inflammatory medication that acts by inhibiting interleukin-6 (IL-6) and is shown to improve outcomes including mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 requiring supplemental oxygen. Ontario supply of tocilizumab is limited, and tocilizumab demand in Ontario might exceed supply in the near future. A strategy that includes using a fixed, single intravenous dose of 400 mg for eligible patients will help extend available supply and is likely effective in treatment of COVID-19. Sarilumab, another IL-6 inhibitor, can be considered as a substitute. Additional options to consider to optimize tocilizumab use include the use of a provincial dashboard to help monitor and allocate use and estimating supply-to-demand adequacy. Likewise, a centralized allocation lottery system could be employed as soon as predicted demand exceeds supply to help ensure fair allocation. However, other issues may need to be taken into account for allocation decisions, as appropriate.
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Farmer, Roger E. Aggregate Demand and Supply. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13406.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Seed demand and supply responses. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896292833_04.

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Asquith, Brian J., Evan Mast, and Davin Reed. Supply Shock versus Demand Shock. W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/pb2020-19.

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Hamilton, James. Supply, Demand, and Specialized Production. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28888.

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Allen, Treb, and Costas Arkolakis. Supply and Demand in Space. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30598.

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Wilbanks, T. J. (Energy and electricity supply and demand). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6461786.

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Mullen, G. M. Choppers Grounded: The Supply-Demand Problem. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264258.

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Dale, Crystal, Brad Meyer, and Tri Tran. LANL Tritium Supply and Demand Model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1867146.

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Gropp, Reint, John Karl Scholz, and Michelle White. Personal Bankruptcy and Credit Supply and Demand. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5653.

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