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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Oxyntomoduline

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Academic literature on the topic 'Oxyntomoduline'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Oxyntomoduline"

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Uesaka, Toshihiro, Keiichi Yano, Seiji Sugimoto, and Masaaki Ando. "Glucagon-like peptide isolated from the eel intestine: effects on atrial beating." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 17 (2001): 3019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.17.3019.

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SUMMARYA new glucagon-like peptide was isolated from the intestine of the eel Anguilla japonica. The primary structure was determined by sequence analysis after cleavage with lysyl endopeptidase, quantitative amino acid analysis and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry as HSQGTFTNDY10SKYLETRRAQ20DFVQWLMNSK30RSGGPT. Since its structure is similar to that of oxyntomodulins (OXMs) reported in various vertebrates, we named this peptide eel oxyntomodulin (eOXM). We found that eOXM enhanced the contractile force and the beating rate of the eel atrium in a dose-dependent manner. These effects of eOXM were not inhibited by betaxolol, a β1-adrenoceptor antagonist, indicating that the actions of eOXM were independent of those of adrenaline. eOXM enhanced the intracellular Ca2+ concentration of the myocardium. The contractility of the eel atrium was greatly reduced after omitting Ca2+ from the bathing medium or after treatment with verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker. After inhibiting Ca2+ entry under these conditions, the inotropic effect of eOXM was markedly reduced, but the chronotropic effect was not altered significantly. These results indicate that the inotropic effect of eOXM is via a stimulation of Ca2+ influx but that the chronotropic effect may be independent of extracellular Ca2+.

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Druce, Maralyn R., and Stephen R. Bloom. "Oxyntomodulin." Treatments in Endocrinology 5, no. 5 (2006): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00024677-200605050-00001.

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Druce, Maralyn, and Mohammad Ghatei. "Oxyntomodulin." Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes 13, no. 1 (2006): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.med.0000200526.08653.bb.

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Patterson, Michael, Kevin G. Murphy, Sejal R. Patel, et al. "Hypothalamic Injection of Oxyntomodulin Suppresses Circulating Ghrelin-Like Immunoreactivity." Endocrinology 150, no. 8 (2009): 3513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-0796.

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Ghrelin is a gastric peptide that regulates appetite and GH secretion. Circulating ghrelin levels are elevated by fasting and suppressed postprandially. However, the mechanisms regulating circulating ghrelin levels are unclear. Oxyntomodulin is an anorexic peptide hormone released from L cells in the gut. We investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of oxyntomodulin on circulating ghrelin levels. The icv administration of 1, 3, or 10 nmol oxyntomodulin reduced circulating acylated and total (acylated and des-acylated) ghrelin 60 min after icv injection. Administration of 1 nmol oxyntomodulin directly into the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus significantly reduced total and acylated ghrelin levels, and administration of 3 nmol oxyntomodulin into the lateral ventricle induced c-fos mRNA expression in arcuate nucleus neurons expressing the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor. In a final study, the reduction in total ghrelin observed after icv injection of 3 nmol oxyntomodulin was blocked by coadministration of the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin (9–39). These studies suggest oxyntomodulin reduces peripheral ghrelin levels via GLP-1 receptor-dependent hypothalamic pathways. Postprandial release of anorexic gut hormones may thus act centrally to contribute to the postprandial reduction in circulating ghrelin.

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Stepanenko, V. N., R. S. Esipov, A. I. Gurevich, L. A. Chupova, and A. I. Miroshnikov. "Recombinant oxyntomodulin." Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 33, no. 2 (2007): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1068162007020045.

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Bak, Monika J., Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen, Jens Pedersen, et al. "Specificity and sensitivity of commercially available assays for glucagon and oxyntomodulin measurement in humans." European Journal of Endocrinology 170, no. 4 (2014): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-13-0941.

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AimTo determine the specificity and sensitivity of assays carried out using commercially available kits for glucagon and/or oxyntomodulin measurements.MethodsTen different assay kits used for the measurement of either glucagon or oxyntomodulin concentrations were obtained. Solutions of synthetic glucagon (proglucagon (PG) residues 33–61), oxyntomodulin (PG residues 33–69) and glicentin (PG residues 1–69) were prepared and peptide concentrations were verified by quantitative amino acid analysis and a processing-independent in-house RIA. Peptides were added to the matrix (assay buffer) supplied with the kits (concentration range: 1.25–300 pmol/l) and to human plasma and recoveries were determined. Assays yielding meaningful results were analysed for precision and sensitivity by repeated analysis and ability to discriminate low concentrations.Results and conclusionThree assays were specific for glucagon (carried out using the Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA), Bio-Rad (Sundbyberg, Sweden), and ALPCO (Salem, NH, USA) and Yanaihara Institute (Shizuoka, Japan) kits), but none was specific for oxyntomodulin. The assay carried out using the Phoenix (Burlingame, CA, USA) glucagon kit measured the concentrations of all three peptides (total glucagon) equally. Sensitivity and precision were generally poor; the assay carried out using the Millipore RIA kit performed best with a sensitivity around 10 pmol/l. Assays carried out using the BlueGene (Shanghai, China), USCN LIFE (Wuhan, China) (oxyntomodulin and glucagon), MyBioSource (San Diego, CA, USA) and Phoenix oxyntomodulin kits yielded inconsistent results.

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Pendharkar, Sayali, Ruma Singh, Aya Cervantes, Steve DeSouza, Sakina Bharmal, and Maxim Petrov. "Gut Hormone Responses to Mixed Meal Test in New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes After Acute Pancreatitis." Hormone and Metabolic Research 51, no. 03 (2018): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0802-9569.

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AbstractThe study was aimed to investigate gut hormone responses to mixed meal test in individuals with new-onset prediabetes or diabetes after acute pancreatitis (cases) compared with healthy controls, and the effect of body fat parameters. A total of 29 cases and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. All participants were given standard mixed meal drink and blood samples were collected to measure dipeptidyl peptidase IV, gastric inhibitory peptide, glucagon like peptide-1, insulin, oxyntomodulin, and peptide YY. Body fat parameters were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Repeated measures and linear regression analyses were conducted in unadjusted and adjusted models. Gastric inhibitory peptide levels were significantly higher whereas oxyntomodulin levels were significantly lower in cases compared with controls in both the unadjusted (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and adjusted (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) models. In cases, liver fat % contributed up to 13.4% (vs. 2.9% in controls) to variance in circulating levels of gastric inhibitory peptide whereas body mass index - up to 20.8% (vs. 9.9% in controls) in circulating levels of oxyntomodulin. New-onset prediabetes/diabetes after acute pancreatitis is characterised by increased levels of gastric inhibitory peptide and decreased levels of oxyntomodulin. Further, liver fat % and body mass index appear to be the body fat parameters that contribute most significantly to gastric inhibitory peptide and oxyntomodulin levels, respectively.

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Stanley, Sarah, Katie Wynne, and Steve Bloom. "Gastrointestinal Satiety Signals III. Glucagon-like peptide 1, oxyntomodulin, peptide YY, and pancreatic polypeptide." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 286, no. 5 (2004): G693—G697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00536.2003.

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Many peptides are synthesized and released from the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, including pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and the products of the gastrointestinal L cells, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), oxyntomodulin, and peptide YY (PYY). Whereas their roles in regulation of gastrointestinal function have been known for some time, it is now evident that they also influence eating behavior. This review considers the anorectic peptides PYY, PP, GLP-1, and oxyntomodulin, which decrease appetite and promote satiety in both animal models and humans.

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Schjoldager, Birgit, Poul Erik Mortensen, John Myhre, John Christiansen, and Jens Juul Holst. "Oxyntomodulin from distal gut." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 34, no. 9 (1989): 1411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01538078.

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Lee, Anita Y. H., Derek L. Chappell, Monika J. Bak, et al. "Multiplexed Quantification of Proglucagon-Derived Peptides by Immunoaffinity Enrichment and Tandem Mass Spectrometry after a Meal Tolerance Test." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 1 (2016): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.244251.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs), which include glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, glucagon, and oxyntomodulin, are key regulators of glucose homeostasis and satiety. These peptide hormones are typically measured with immuno-based assays (e.g., ELISA, RIA), which often suffer from issues of selectivity. METHODS We developed a multiplexed assay for measuring PGDPs including GLP-1 (7–36) amide, GLP-1 (9–36) amide, glucagon, and oxyntomodulin by mass spectrometry and used this assay to examine the effect of a meal tolerance test on circulating concentrations of these hormones. Participants fasted overnight and were either given a meal (n = 8) or continued to fast (n = 4), with multiple blood collections over the course of 3 h. Plasma samples were analyzed by microflow immunoaffinity (IA)-LC-MS/MS with an isotope dilution strategy. RESULTS Assay performance characteristics were examined and established during analytical validation for all peptides. Intra- and interassay imprecision were found to be 2.2%–10.7% and 6.8%–22.5%, respectively. Spike recovery was &gt;76%, and dilution linearity was established up to a 16-fold dilution. Immediately after the meal tolerance test, GLP-1 and oxyntomodulin concentrations increased and had an almost identical temporal relationship, and glucagon concentrations increased with a slight delay. CONCLUSIONS IA-LC-MS/MS was used for the simultaneous and selective measurement of PGDPs. This work includes the first indication of the physiological concentrations and modulation of oxyntomodulin after a meal.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oxyntomoduline"

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RIBARD, DIDIER. "Effet inhibiteur de l'octapeptide c-terminal de l'oxyntomoduline sur la secretion acide gastrique stimulee par la pentagastrine chez l'homme." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11040.

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Ferroudji, Sai͏̈d. "Effet inhibiteur de l'octapeptide C-terminal de l'oxyntomoduline sur la sécrétion acide gastrique stimulée par la pentagastrine chez l'homme : essai d'étude dose-effet." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11196.

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Rodier, Geneviève. "Effet et mode d'action de la glicentine et de l'oxyntomoduline sur les cellules musculaires lisses gastriques (doctorat : systeme de communications intercellulaires en endocrinologie)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX2660U.

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Le, Quellec Alain. "Les peptides de la famille de l'Oxyntomoduline : mise en évidence d'une activité hormonale chez l'homme sain, comportement en pathologie humaine." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T003.

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Minnion, James Stephen. "Characterisation of oxyntomodulin and development of an oxyntomodulin analogue for use in metabolic research studies." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11508.

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Price, Samantha. "Engineering an oxyntomodulin analogue for weight reduction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/54898.

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There is currently a lack of safe and effective treatments for obesity. The administration of long acting analogues of satiety gut hormones has been suggested as a potential weight loss pharmacotherapy. The gut hormone oxyntomodulin is a natural dual agonist that generates weight loss by reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure; effects which are believed to be mediated by the GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor respectively. Previously designed long acting oxyntomodulin analogues have limited potency compared to native glucagon and GLP-1, due to the addition of large molecules to enhance circulatory half-life. Previous research in this lab has developed a slow release formulation that facilitates depot formation, allowing gradual peptide release over an extended period of time. The first half of this thesis details the development of a potent oxyntomodulin-like (OXL) dual agonist. A combination of conservative substitutions to the amino acid sequence of glucagon that improve in vitro GLP-1 receptor efficacy without diminishing glucagon receptor activity are identified. Addition of a histidine ‘tail’ enhances the in vivo pharmacokinetic profile of these OXL analogues, which is likely to be due to improved interaction with the slow release diluent. Feeding studies in mice and rats demonstrate significant food intake reduction and weight loss following acute and chronic analogue administration. Metabolic analysis demonstrates that the optimised analogue OXLT9 increases energy expenditure in rats. Reductions in fat mass and improvements in blood glucose homeostasis are observed following chronic administration of OXLT9 in DIO mice. The second half of this thesis investigates the increase in food intake following low doses of OXL analogues that was observed during analogue screening, and results suggest that this phenomenon is probably specific to rats. The novel effects of GLP-1 receptor selective Glu-3 OXL analogues on bodyweight are also investigated. Findings indicate they may act as antagonists at the human and rat glucagon receptors and could block endogenous glucagon activity; making them unsuitable tools to investigate the mechanisms of oxyntomodulin activity in rat models. The studies described in this thesis identify a potent dual agonist at the glucagon receptor and GLP-1 receptors that has the potential for once monthly administration as a weight loss therapy in man. Investigation of the novel food intake effects of low dose OXL analogues provides a starting point for further examination of analogue effects on energy expenditure and may be of relevance for human studies using oxyntomodulin-like analogues.

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Park, Adrian John. "The role of oxyntomodulin and peptide YYâ‚ƒâ‚‹â‚ƒâ‚† in energy homeostasis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429599.

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Wynne, Katie-Jane. "The role of the gut hormone oxyntomodulin in the regulation of body-weight." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7658.

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Halter, Bailey Anne. "Effects of exogenous and endogenous factors on appetite regulation in broiler chicks and Japanese quail." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103601.

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Understanding how appetite is regulated, via exogenous or endogenous factors, is essential to animal agriculture in order to maximize production capabilities, as well as in human medicine to generate ways to treat conditions such as eating disorders or obesity. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of ferulic acid (FA), an exogenous factor found within plant cells, and oxyntomodulin (OXM), an endogenous hormone generated in the gastrointestinal tract, on food intake in avian models, as well as elucidate the hypothalamic mechanisms responsible. In broiler chicks (Gallus gallus), FA administered peripherally (IP) resulted in a transient yet potent reduction of food intake. A behavior analysis revealed that FA-treated chicks defecated fewer times than control birds. Within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) there was an increase in c-Fos immunoreactivity, indicating neuronal activation, in FA-treated chicks. Within the hypothalamus, there was a decrease in mRNA abundance of galanin, ghrelin, melanocortin receptor 3, and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), however within the ARC there was a decrease in POMC and an increase in c-Fos mRNA after FA treatment. OXM, a proglucagon-derived peptide produced in the gastrointestinal tract, administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) or IP in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), resulted in a decrease in food intake for 3 hours post-injection. There was an increase in c-Fos immunoreactivity within the ARC as well as the dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) in quail ICV injected with OXM. In conclusion, these novel data provide insights on the similarities and differences between factors that can affect appetite regulation via anorexigenic effects.<br>Master of Science<br>Exogenous and endogenous factors affect appetite regulation. Exogenous factors originate in feed components, additives, and other environmental factors that can affect bodily functions but are derived from an external source. Endogenous factors are made within the body, such as hormones and neurotransmitters, usually in response to a stimulus, and serve to communicate signals both locally and distantly in the body. Ferulic acid (FA), a natural exogenous factor originating within plant cells, is found in commonly consumed plant-based foods. When administered peripherally into broiler chicks (meat-type birds), FA caused a direct and potent, yet quickly diminishing, decrease in food intake via activation of cells within the hypothalamus, the region of the brain that is responsible for appetite regulation. Oxyntomodulin (OXM), an endogenous peptide hormone generated within the gastrointestinal tract in response to the digestion of nutrients, is known to decrease food intake in humans, rodents, and the broiler chick. However, its effects in Japanese quail, a model closer to a "wild-type" bird, are unknown. Quail injected peripherally (outside the brain) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV; into lateral ventricle of brain) with OXM showed a reduction in food intake that was more persistent than FA's effects with the effects also mediated via activation within the hypothalamus, although through slightly different molecular mechanisms. Understanding different factors that can regulate appetite in animals is necessary for agricultural applications to maximize production and improve health and welfare, as well as in humans to elucidate methods to treat appetite-related conditions, such as eating disorders and obesity.

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Andersson, Jeanette. "Finns det något värde i att mäta Peptide tyrosine tyrosine, Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide och Oxyntomodulin postprandialt vid måltidsstudier?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45009.

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Övervikt och fetma sprider sig likt en epidemi över världen. Omkring 1,9 miljarder vuxna varöverviktiga år 2014 och av dessa klassificerades 600 miljoner som feta. Forskning kring fetmas uppkomst och nya former av behandlingsalternativ pågår. En viktig faktor för uppkomst av övervikt är aptitreglering, där t.ex. Peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), Oxyntomodulin (OXM) och Glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) har betydelse. En litteraturstudie genomfördes där totalt nio originalartiklar från PubMed utvärderades. Syftet var att undersöka om det finns något värde i att mäta dessa hormon postprandialt. Finns det någon skillnad mellan normalviktiga, överviktiga och obesa och finns det någon skillnad mellan individer med typ 2-diabetes mellitus (T2DM) och friska individer? Finns det någon pålitlig analysmetod? Samtliga studier var måltidsstudier där olika näringsämnens påverkan på den postprandiala responsen undersöktes. Peptide tyrosine tyrosine ochGlucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide mättes i sex resp. fem av artiklarna och OXM mättes ien artikel. Protein, fett och kolhydrater ger en postprandial respons på PYY och GIP. Responsen av PYY var starkast efter stimuli från fett och protein. Fett tycks ge starkast respons på GIP. Fastevärden av PYY och GIP var inte olika hos normalviktiga och överviktiga i de studier som undersöktes. Det fanns en signifikant skillnad (p=0,01) mellan normalviktiga och överviktiga tonårsflickor av den postprandiala utsöndringen av PYY efter fettrik måltid, där de obesa flickorna hade lägre procentuell ändring jämfört med de normalviktiga. Pålitliga analysmetoder vid koncentrationsbestämning av dessa tre hormon i plasma är Radioimmunoassay (RIA) och Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

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Book chapters on the topic "Oxyntomoduline"

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Bataille, D. "Oxyntomodulin and Its Related Peptides." In Glucagon III. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61150-6_19.

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Sheng, Shu-Li, Xiao-Hong Wang, and Yong-Mei Zhao. "The importance of C terminal peptide (KA8) of oxyntomodulin (OM) on OM bioactivities." In Peptides. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9069-8_51.

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AhrÉn, Bo. "Oxyntomodulin." In Encyclopedia of Hormones. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-341103-3/00227-8.

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"Oxyntomodulin." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_12079.

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"Oxyntomodulin." In Springer Reference Medizin. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_312842.

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Holst, Jens Juul, Carolyn F. Deacon Bolette Hartmann, and Jens Pedersen. "GLP 1/2, Enteroglucagon, Glicentin, and Oxyntomodulin." In Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-385095-9.00168-8.

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HOLST, JENS JUUL. "Glucagonlike Peptides 1 and 2, Enteroglucagon, Glicentin, and Oxyntomodulin." In Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012369442-3/50148-3.

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