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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ozone layer depletion

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ozone layer depletion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ozone layer depletion"

1

Srivani, Alla. "Effect of Ozone Layer Depletion on Advanced Materials." Radiology Research and Diagnostic Imaging 2, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.58489/2836-5127/010.

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From ozone exposure can result in significant economic losses due to the higher costs of maintenance, upkeep, and replacement of these materials. Common plastic materials' outdoor service life is restricted by their vulnerability to sun UV radiation. The UV-B component of the solar spectrum is highly effective in causing photo damage in manufactured and naturally occurring materials. This is especially true with plastics, rubber, and wood utilised in the construction and agriculture industries. Any drop in the stratospheric ozone layer and resulting increase in the UV-B component of terrestrial sunlight will therefore tend to reduce the service life of these materials. However, estimating the extent to which the service life is shortened is challenging because it is dependent on various factors.

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De Winter-Sorkina, Renata. "Impact of ozone layer depletion I: ozone depletion climatology." Atmospheric Environment 35, no. 9 (March 2001): 1609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00436-2.

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3

Rowland, F. Sherwood. "Stratospheric ozone depletion." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1469 (February 21, 2006): 769–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1783.

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Solar ultraviolet radiation creates an ozone layer in the atmosphere which in turn completely absorbs the most energetic fraction of this radiation. This process both warms the air, creating the stratosphere between 15 and 50 km altitude, and protects the biological activities at the Earth's surface from this damaging radiation. In the last half-century, the chemical mechanisms operating within the ozone layer have been shown to include very efficient catalytic chain reactions involving the chemical species HO, HO 2 , NO, NO 2 , Cl and ClO. The NO X and ClO X chains involve the emission at Earth's surface of stable molecules in very low concentration (N 2 O, CCl 2 F 2 , CCl 3 F, etc.) which wander in the atmosphere for as long as a century before absorbing ultraviolet radiation and decomposing to create NO and Cl in the middle of the stratospheric ozone layer. The growing emissions of synthetic chlorofluorocarbon molecules cause a significant diminution in the ozone content of the stratosphere, with the result that more solar ultraviolet-B radiation (290–320 nm wavelength) reaches the surface. This ozone loss occurs in the temperate zone latitudes in all seasons, and especially drastically since the early 1980s in the south polar springtime—the ‘Antarctic ozone hole’. The chemical reactions causing this ozone depletion are primarily based on atomic Cl and ClO, the product of its reaction with ozone. The further manufacture of chlorofluorocarbons has been banned by the 1992 revisions of the 1987 Montreal Protocol of the United Nations. Atmospheric measurements have confirmed that the Protocol has been very successful in reducing further emissions of these molecules. Recovery of the stratosphere to the ozone conditions of the 1950s will occur slowly over the rest of the twenty-first century because of the long lifetime of the precursor molecules.

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Lu, Jinpeng, Fei Xie, Hongying Tian, and Jiali Luo. "Impacts of Ozone Changes in the Tropopause Layer on Stratospheric Water Vapor." Atmosphere 12, no. 3 (February 24, 2021): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030291.

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Stratospheric water vapor (SWV) changes play an important role in regulating global climate change, and its variations are controlled by tropopause temperature. This study estimates the impacts of tropopause layer ozone changes on tropopause temperature by radiative process and further influences on lower stratospheric water vapor (LSWV) using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4). It is found that a 10% depletion in global (mid-low and polar latitudes) tropopause layer ozone causes a significant cooling of the tropical cold-point tropopause with a maximum cooling of 0.3 K, and a corresponding reduction in LSWV with a maximum value of 0.06 ppmv. The depletion of tropopause layer ozone at mid-low latitudes results in cooling of the tropical cold-point tropopause by radiative processes and a corresponding LSWV reduction. However, the effect of polar tropopause layer ozone depletion on tropical cold-point tropopause temperature and LSWV is opposite to and weaker than the effect of tropopause layer ozone depletion at mid-low latitudes. Finally, the joint effect of tropopause layer ozone depletion (at mid-low and polar latitudes) causes a negative cold-point tropopause temperature and a decreased tropical LSWV. Conversely, the impact of a 10% increase in global tropopause layer ozone on LSWV is exactly the opposite of the impact of ozone depletion. After 2000, tropopause layer ozone decreased at mid-low latitudes and increased at high latitudes. These tropopause layer ozone changes at different latitudes cause joint cooling in the tropical cold-point tropopause and a reduction in LSWV. Clarifying the impacts of tropopause layer ozone changes on LSWV clearly is important for understanding and predicting SWV changes in the context of future global ozone recovery.

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De Winter-Sorkina, Renata. "Impact of ozone layer depletion II:." Atmospheric Environment 35, no. 9 (March 2001): 1615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00437-4.

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Rowlands, Ian H. "OZONE LAYER DEPLETION AND GLOBAL WARMING." Peace & Change 16, no. 3 (July 1991): 260–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0130.1991.tb00572.x.

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Christidou, Vasilia, and Vasilis Koulaidis. "Children's models of the ozone layer and ozone depletion." Research in Science Education 26, no. 4 (December 1996): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02357453.

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Lehrer, E., G. Hönninger, and U. Platt. "The mechanism of halogen liberation in the polar troposphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 4, no. 3 (June 28, 2004): 3607–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-4-3607-2004.

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Abstract. Sudden depletions of tropospheric ozone during spring were reported from the Arctic and also from Antarctic coastal sites. Field studies showed that those depletion events are caused by reactive halogen species, especially bromine compounds. However the source and seasonal variation of reactive halogen species is still not completely understood. There are several indications that the halogen mobilisation from the sea ice surface of the polar oceans may be the most important source for the necessary halogens. Here we present a 1-D model study aimed at determining the primary source of reactive halogens. The model includes gas phase and heterogeneous bromine and chlorine chemistry as well as vertical transport between the surface and the top of the boundary layer. The autocatalytic Br release by photochemical processes (bromine explosion) and subsequent rapid bromine catalysed ozone depletion is well reproduced in the model and the major source of reactive bromine appears to be the sea ice surface. The sea salt aerosol alone is not sufficient to yield the high levels of reactive bromine in the gas phase necessary for fast ozone depletion. However, the aerosol efficiently 'recycles' less reactive bromine species (e.g. HBr) and feeds them back into the ozone destruction cycle. Isolation of the boundary layer air from the free troposphere by a strong temperature inversion was found to be critical for boundary layer ozone depletion to happen. The combination of strong surface inversions and presence of sunlight occurs only during polar spring.

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Lehrer, E., G. Hönninger, and U. Platt. "A one dimensional model study of the mechanism of halogen liberation and vertical transport in the polar troposphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 4, no. 11/12 (December 6, 2004): 2427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2427-2004.

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Abstract. Sudden depletions of tropospheric ozone during spring were reported from the Arctic and also from Antarctic coastal sites. Field studies showed that those depletion events are caused by reactive halogen species, especially bromine compounds. However the source and seasonal variation of reactive halogen species is still not completely understood. There are several indications that the halogen mobilisation from the sea ice surface of the polar oceans may be the most important source for the necessary halogens. Here we present a one dimensional model study aimed at determining the primary source of reactive halogens. The model includes gas phase and heterogeneous bromine and chlorine chemistry as well as vertical transport between the surface and the top of the boundary layer. The autocatalytic Br release by photochemical processes (bromine explosion) and subsequent rapid bromine catalysed ozone depletion is well reproduced in the model and the major source of reactive bromine appears to be the sea ice surface. The sea salt aerosol alone is not sufficient to yield the high levels of reactive bromine in the gas phase necessary for fast ozone depletion. However, the aerosol efficiently "recycles" less reactive bromine species (e.g. HBr) and feeds them back into the ozone destruction cycle. Isolation of the boundary layer air from the free troposphere by a strong temperature inversion was found to be critical for boundary layer ozone depletion to happen. The combination of strong surface inversions and presence of sunlight occurs only during polar spring.

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Zhao, Xiaoyi, Dan Weaver, Kristof Bognar, Gloria Manney, Luis Millán, Xin Yang, Edwin Eloranta, Matthias Schneider, and Kimberly Strong. "Cyclone-induced surface ozone and HDO depletion in the Arctic." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 24 (December 19, 2017): 14955–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14955-2017.

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Abstract. Ground-based, satellite, and reanalysis datasets were used to identify two similar cyclone-induced surface ozone depletion events at Eureka, Canada (80.1° N, 86.4° W), in March 2007 and April 2011. These two events were coincident with observations of hydrogen deuterium oxide (HDO) depletion, indicating that condensation and sublimation occurred during the transport of the ozone-depleted air masses. Ice clouds (vapour and crystals) and aerosols were detected by lidar and radar when the ozone- and HDO-depleted air masses arrived over Eureka. For the 2007 event, an ice cloud layer was coincident with an aloft ozone depletion layer at 870 m altitude on 2–3 March, indicating this ice cloud layer contained bromine-enriched blowing-snow particles. Over the following 3 days, a shallow surface ozone depletion event (ODE) was observed at Eureka after the precipitation of bromine-enriched particles onto the local snowpack. A chemistry–climate model (UKCA) and a chemical transport model (pTOMCAT) were used to simulate the surface ozone depletion events. Incorporating the latest surface snow salinity data obtained for the Weddell Sea into the models resulted in improved agreement between the modelled and measured BrO concentrations above Eureka. MERRA-2 global reanalysis data and the FLEXPART particle dispersion model were used to study the link between the ozone and HDO depletion. In general, the modelled ozone and BrO showed good agreement with the ground-based observations; however, the modelled BrO and ozone in the near-surface layer are quite sensitive to the snow salinity. HDO depletion observed during these two blowing-snow ODEs was found to be weaker than pure Rayleigh fractionation. This work provides evidence of a blowing-snow sublimation process, which is a key step in producing bromine-enriched sea-salt aerosol.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ozone layer depletion"

1

Tang, Apollo Teck Choon. "A computer simulation of polar sunrise ozone depletion in the planetary boundary layer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ59206.pdf.

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Rowlands, Ian. "International regime formation : the politics of ozone layer depletion and global warming." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1992. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/122/.

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This thesis examines the politics of international regime formation, with particular reference to the global atmospheric problems of ozone layer depletion and global warming. A review of the international relations literature reveals that there are three approaches to the study of international regime formation: global, state-centred and individualistic. Building upon these, three preconditions and four catalysts for international regime formation are proposed. Each of the hypothesised preconditions -- scientific consensus, tolerable domestic economics costs and global equity -- is necessary, though not by itself sufficient, for international regime formation. Meanwhile, although no one of the hypothesised catalysts -- political entrepreneurs, the solidity of the broader international political system, environmental pressure groups and the mobilisation of public opinion -- is a necessary element for the formation of an international regime, the presence of any one can nevertheless accelerate the rate at which regimes are formed. The theoretical framework that is proposed is applied to the histories of the ozone layer depletion and global warming issues. In this investigation, data up to the end of 1991 were considered. The thesis also considers some issues that extend beyond the end of 1991, for the nature of parts of the analysis precludes an unwavering commitment to this cut-off date. The findings of this investigation have both theoretical and empirical dimensions. First, because the application of the theoretical framework does not invalidate it, thinking about the formation of regimes in international society in general is advanced. And second, by applying the framework to these two particular issues, explanations are offered as to why an international regime had been formed by the end of 1991 to preserve the earth's ozone layer, while one to deal with global warming had not.

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Hosseini, Jamaladdin. "Global environment an emerging challenge for international cooperation building a legal regime for ozone layer depletion /." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31166235.html.

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Cybulski, Walter J. "Assessing the consequences of ozone depletion on ecosystem function effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on plant biomass, tissue quality and litter decomposition /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1661.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 193 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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Yanis, Hilal. "Investigating Preservice Science Teachers." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614546/index.pdf.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate preservice science teachers&rsquo
mental models about the role and distribution of ozone layer and ozone layer depletion regarding their ontological orientation. This study was conducted with twenty four preservice science teachers who were enrolled in Elementary Science Education Program of Education Faculty of one public university located in Central Anatolia. From each grade level six preservice science teachers were selected
two from low achiever, two from middle achiever and two from high achiever. Moreover, in the study, data were collected by using semi structured interview and interview consists of eleven questions and with five questions having multiple parts. Interview recordings were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively. In the following steps of the analysis, researcher proceeded with the already formed and described codes in an easygoing way. The results revealed that preservice science teachers&rsquo
responses were mostly seen as skin cancer and sunburn as harmful effects of ultraviolet rays and preservice science teachers&rsquo
responses were mostly seen as activation vitamin D and photosynthesis of plants as beneficial effects of Sun&rsquo
s rays. Half of preservice science teachers thought that ozone layer exists in the atmosphere. Moreover, preservice science teachers&rsquo
responses were mostly seen as perfume, deodorant, car, and spray as harmful materials to ozone layer. Chlorofluorocarbon, carbon monoxide, and carbon-dioxide were the most seen responses as harmful chemicals to ozone layer. Similar misconceptions were identified when compared with past studies. Also, different misconceptions were found in the study. Ten distinct models were formed regarding role and distribution of ozone layer and five distinct models were formed regarding ozone layer depletion. Moreover, absorbing and reflecting surface was mostly seen ontological belief regarding role and distribution of ozone layer. Hole was mostly seen ontological belief regarding ozone layer depletion. Generally, achievement and grade level did not make difference among preservice science teachers forming which type of mental models and having ontological beliefs.

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Garvin, Theresa Dawn. "Evidence, policy and practice in environmental health : an international case study of sun safety /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0033/NQ66209.pdf.

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Binyamin, Jacqueline. "Modelling spectral and broadband UV-B (290-325 nm) irradiance for Canada /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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8

Rajan, Mukund Govind. "India and the north-south politics of global environmental issues : the case of ozone depletion, climate change and loss of biodiversity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:065449d2-6c0f-4aec-8ba9-a84cab137be9.

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The cooperation of developing countries is commonly assumed to be essential for the establishment of effective regimes to manage global environmental interdependence. Yet their policies and perceptions have been inadequately studied. This thesis seeks to partially fill this gap in the literature with a detailed analysis of Indian policy on global environmental issues. It examines the cases of ozone depletion, climate change, and loss of biodiversity, and discusses developments up to the 1992 Earth Summit. The study addresses four broad questions about Indian policy: the process of policy making; the character of Indian interests and preferences; the nature and evolution of India's bargaining strategy; and the outcome of international negotiations for India. It reveals a complex picture of continuity and change in Indian policy. It demonstrates the enduring importance of traditions and values such as the "poverty is the greatest polluter" orthodoxy and the concepts of sovereignty, equity and Third World solidarity. It also highlights the impact of perceptions of vulnerability in relation to the North. It argues that Indian policy did not reflect purely powermaximising goals; policy makers were sometimes uncertain about where India's interests precisely lay, and felt constrained both by economic weakness and by the recognition of the mutual interest of all states in global environmental protection. This was reflected in the moderation in India's bargaining strategy. The Indian case suggests that developing countries did not regard their cooperation in the resolution of global environmental issues purely as a bargaining chip with which to extract concessions from the North. Still less did they perceive these issues as providing an opportunity to pose a macro-challenge to the North, linking agendas across issue areas. Instead, their goals reflected perceptions of constraints and mutual interests in bargaining with the North. Their bargaining strategy thus tended to be moderate and flexible, unlike the confrontational approach of the 1970s.

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Raffel, Ann Eileen. "Methyl Halide Production by Calcareous Periphyton Mats from the Florida Everglades." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1524.

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Methyl halides are trace gases with both natural and anthropogenic origins. Once generated, these gases transport chlorine and bromine into the stratosphere, where they play an important role in ozone depleting catalytic cycles. The Florida Everglades is one location where methyl halide emissions have been proposed to be elevated due to high primary production and ionic halogens. This region also provides a unique study environment due to salt water intrusions, which occur during storm or low marsh water level-high tide events. The purpose of this research was twofold. First, quantification of methyl chloride (CH3Cl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br) production from periphyton mats on a temporal scale was needed. Secondly, to determine how varying concentrations of salinity affect CH3Cl and CH3Br production originating from calcareous periphyton mats within the Everglades. Periphyton was exposed to continuous 12 hour dark/light cycles in varying concentrations of salt water (0, 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 parts per thousand). All water samples were analyzed to determine the production rate of CH3Cl and CH3Br in periphyton samples using a gas chromatograph coupled with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Periphyton mats were found to be a producer of CH3Cl in all freshwater (0 parts per thousand) trials and sampling times; however, results from CH3Br analysis found production rates that suggest consumption occurred in the majority of the 0 parts per thousand trials. Production rates for CH3Cl ranged from 0.077 to 0.109 g-1hr-1 after 24 hours, 0.027 to 0.073 pM g-1hr-1 after 48 hours, and 0.034 to 0.047 pM g-1hr-1 after 72 hours. Production rates for the CH3Br freshwater experiments ranged from -0.00025 to 0.00185 pM g-1hr-1 after 24 hours, -0.00022 to -0.00078 pM g-1hr-1 after 48 hours, and -0.00042 to -0.00061 pM g-1hr-1 after 72 hours. This research has also shown that increased salinity does have a significant positive effect on the production of CH3Cl and CH3Br from calcareous periphyton mats, which is important in areas that could be prone to salt water intrusions or rising sea levels due to global climate change.

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Liao, Jin. "Bromine and chlorine chemistry in the Arctic boundary layer." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45932.

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Halogen chemistry plays an important role in spring time ozone and mercury depletion events (ODEs and MDEs) and may efficiently oxidize hydrocarbons such as the important greenhouse gas methane (CH4) in the polar marine boundary layer. This thesis presents a detailed study of bromine and chlorine chemistry in the Arctic boundary layer based on measurements of bromine and chlorine containing species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS). The capability of CIMS to accurately measure bromine oxide (BrO) was demonstrated. The first direct measurements of hypobromous acid (HOBr) were achieved. Conditions that likely favor bromine activation (e.g. high wind speeds) was presented. To advance the understanding of bromine recycling, a time dependent model was built to simulate the bromine speciation. Unexpected high levels of molecular chlorine (Cl2) were observed at Barrow, AK, which had a large impact on methane oxidation and could contribute to ozone loss and mercury oxidation at Barrow, AK. Moreover, BrO levels observed at Summit, Greenland did not explain the under prediction of hydroxyl radical (OH). However, the enhanced OH was found to be coincident with elevated reactive gaseous mercury (RGM). In addition, airborne BrO measurements were found to be generally consistent with airborne observations of soluble bromide based on the response factors of mist chamber to the bromine species and bromine chemical mechanisms.

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Books on the topic "Ozone layer depletion"

1

Chatterjee, K. Ozone depletion and montreal protocol on substances depleting ozone layer. New Delhi: Environment Systems Branch, Development Alternatives, 1993.

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Duden, Jane. The ozone layer. New York: Crestwood House, 1990.

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Michael, Bright. The ozone layer. New York: Gloucester Press, 1991.

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Parker, Larry. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Implementation issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1997.

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Larry, Parker. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Implementation issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2000.

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Washington (State). Dept. of Ecology., ed. Ozone depletion and global warming. Olympia, WA: Washington State Dept. of Ecology, 1992.

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Larry, Parker. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Implementation issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1998.

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Washington (State). Air Quality Program., ed. Ozone layer depletion: An action guide. [Olympia]: Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Air Quality Program, 1993.

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Programme, United Nations Environment, ed. The Impact of ozone-layer depletion. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme, 1992.

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Hare, Tony. The ozone layer. London: Gloucester Press, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ozone layer depletion"

1

Karplus, Walter J. "Ozone Layer Depletion." In The Heavens Are Falling, 129–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6024-5_5.

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Falkner, Robert. "Ozone Layer Depletion." In Business Power and Conflict in International Environmental Politics, 49–93. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230277892_3.

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Savaşan, Zerrin. "Case Study I: Ozone Layer Depletion." In Paris Climate Agreement: A Deal for Better Compliance?, 93–151. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14313-8_5.

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De Fabo, Edward C. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Uv-Induced Immune Suppression: Implications for Human Health." In Protecting the Ozone Layer, 47–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5585-8_7.

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Leun, Jan C. van der. "Effects of Ozone Layer Depletion on Man." In Biologic Effects of Light, edited by Michael F. Holick and Albert M. Kligman, 376–86. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110856156-048.

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Ibanez, Jorge G., Margarita Hernandez-Esparza, Carmen Doria-Serrano, Arturo Fregoso-Infante, and Mono Mohan Singh. "Halogenated Hydrocarbons and the Ozone Layer Depletion." In Environmental Chemistry, 115–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49493-7_10.

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Krasouski, Aliaksandr, and Siarhei Zenchanka. "Ozone Layer Depletion, Climate Change, Risks and Adaptation." In Climate Change Management, 137–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72874-2_8.

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Bosnjakovic, Branko F. M. "Towards a Solution of the Ozone Layer Depletion Problem." In NATO ASI Series, 395–415. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0661-8_34.

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Müller, Jürgen. "Possible Heterogeneous Reaction Processes Inducing Depletion of the Ozone Layer in the Stratospheric Antarctica." In Physico-Chemical Behaviour of Atmospheric Pollutants, 210–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0567-2_32.

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Güngör, Bengü. "Circular Economy Business Model Framework Considering Product Sustainability." In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment, 305–15. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_25.

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AbstractWith the development of technology and industry, which started in the latter half of the twentieth century, environmental degradation intensified because of the depletion of natural resources, global warming, the disintegration of the ozone layer, acid rain, droughts, and other issues. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have inspired the creation of a brand-new business, economic, environmental, and social structure model called the Circular Economy (CE) concept, which is an alternative to the current linear economy and contends that all things in nature are in constant transformation with one another. At this point, it is now important to extend the product's useable and functional lifespans as well as the point at which it stops working. This study primarily seeks to give a foundation for developing a circular economy business model considering the product life cycle before outlining how it is integrated. The relationship between sustainability and the circular economy is first and foremost. After that, the circular economy and extended lifespan of product strategies are defined using literature research. All defined actions and decision points are used to design the phases of a model framework. In conclusion, it thinks the suggested framework will help the decision-makers who want to include circular economy principles into their business procedures, especially based on the manufacturing process. No matter how the business model relates to a specific industry, the framework's general behavior will surely help managers decide on the application stages.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ozone layer depletion"

1

Khan, M. Ayub, Yousuf Zai, M. Arif Hussain, and M. Rashid Kamal Ansari. "Investigating chaos in ozone layer depletion at Pakistan air space." In 2009 4th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rast.2009.5158280.

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Chakraborty, Shouvik, Kalyani Mali, Sankhadeep Chatterjee, Soumen Banerjee, Kyamelia Roy, Nairik Dutta, Navoniloy Bhaumik, and Sourav Mazumdar. "Dermatological effect of UV rays owing to ozone layer depletion." In 2017 4th International Conference on Opto-Electronics and Applied Optics (Optronix). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/optronix.2017.8349975.

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Cao, Le, and Eva Gutheil. "Modeling and Simulation of Tropospheric Ozone Depletion in the Polar Spring." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-22045.

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In polar spring, tropospheric ozone depletion is related to the presence of halogen oxide concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer. Halogen oxides such as BrO participate in an autocatalytic chemical reaction cycle, leading to the release of Br2 and BrCl from the fresh sea ice. The paper presents the identification of a detailed chemical reaction mechanism for the ozone depletion event, where bromine plays the major role. The heterogeneous reactions in the chemical reaction mechanism are studied in detail, and a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the importance of each reaction in the mechanism. A skeletal reaction scheme is identified on the basis of the sensitivity analysis,. This skeletal chemical reaction mechanism then is used in a 3-D large eddy simulation (LES) with the Smagorinsky sub-grid model. The configuration studied includes a mountain located at the ground above which the ozone depletion is studied. In this situation, the height of the boundary layer varies, which greatly affects the ozone depletion event.

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Yousuf Zai, M. Ayub Khan, and M. Rashid Kamal Ansari. "Study the effect of ozone layer depletion on aircraft design at atmospheric region of Pakistan." In 2008 2nd International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies (ICAST). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icast.2008.4747686.

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Singh, Bharat Raj, and Onkar Singh. "A Study on Sustainable Energy Sources and its Conversion Systems Towards Development of an Efficient Zero Pollution Novel Air Turbine to Use as Prime-Mover to the Light Vehicle." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66803.

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Greater use of hydrocarbon fuel has led to fast depletion of fossil fuel reserves. This has now become worldwide problem making civilization vulnerable due to paucity of fuel in future. It is also a fact that as civilization is growing the use of transport has become essential part of life. The use of large number of vehicles for transport is contributing to about 70% of total air pollution, creating environmental & ecological imbalances. About 100–150 years old transport technology is totally based on combustions causing higher rate of emission, ultimately depleting the thickness of Ozone layer and causing the global warming. Thus worldwide fast depletion of conventional energy resources necessitates the search of alternatives such as Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Renewable Energy Sources and other Direct Conversion of Energy Sources. This paper deals with study on potential of renewable energy resources and their conversion system with emphasis on development of zero pollution engine for vehicles which may lead to sustainable future.

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Khanyousuf Zai, M., and M. Khan. "Study of Nonlineare Dynamics of Ozone Layer Depletion for Stratospheric Region of Pakistan using Ground Based Instrumentation." In 2006 International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icast.2006.313791.

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Eduardo Coló Andrade, Raúl, and Glinda Irazoque Palazuelos. "ALTERNATIVE CONCEPTIONS AND OTHER DIFFICULTIES IN TEACHING AND LEARNING THE TOPIC: OZONE LAYER DEPLETION FOR HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL." In 10th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2017.1712.

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Takeuchi, N., M. Suzuki, T. Yokota, A. Matsuzaki, and H. Akimoto. "Design of Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) aboard ADEOS." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1990.md1.

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Impact of the global environmental issues has been rapidly increasing nowadays. The depletion of the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect are typical topics among them. The satellite remote sensing is a powerful method for monitoring the global environment. On this occasion, the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) was planned to monitor the stratospheric ozone layers and the polar ozone holes, and was applied to the ADEOS (Advanced Earth Observing Satellite), to be launched in February, 1995, by NASDA, Japan. ILAS was selected as an AO instruments, with two core sensors; AVNIR(Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer), OCTS(Ocean Color and Temperature Spectrometer), and other five AO sensors; NSCATT(NASA-Scatterometer), TOMS(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer, NASA), POLDER(Polarization & Bidirectionality of Earth’s Surface, CNES), IMG(Infrared Mapper for Greenhouse Gases) and RIS(Retroreflector in Space). ILAS is a solar occultation sensor (Fig. 1), which measures high latitude stratospheric constituents in both hemispheres. ADEOS is an experimental polar platform spacecraft, to be launched to a sun-synchronous orbit by a H-II rocket. The equatorial crossing time will be 10:30 a.m. (descending). The inclination angle is 98.6 deg., the orbit altitude is 800 km, and the period of one cycle is 101 min. ADEOS is an international satellite, which offers the opportunity to the sensors from outside Japan. The combination of the ILAS (Japan) and TOMS (NASA) will work to give global coverage and the vertical profile for a global ozone distribution.

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YousufZai, M. Ayub Khan, Jawaid Quamar, M. Rashid Kamal Ansari, M. Javed Iqbal, and M. Arif Hussain. "Investigating the Correlational Structures of UV Radiation for Marine Ecosystem due to Ozone Layer Depletion at Pakistan's atmospheric region." In 2007 3rd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rast.2007.4284101.

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Tonelli, Annachiara, David Mosna, and Giuseppe Vignali. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of different packaging systems for coffee capsules." In the 4th International Food Operations and Processing Simulation Workshop. CAL-TEK srl, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2018.foodops.001.

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"The aim of this work is to compare the environmental impact of three different packaging systems for coffee capsules, which can be used in the same coffee machine. A comparative Life Cycle Assessment has been performed considering the following three types of coffee capsules: 1. Compostable coffee capsules packaged into a multichamber PET tray. 2. Capsules made of aluminium and packaged into cardboard boxes. 3. Capsules made of polypropylene with an aluminium top lid, singularly packaged in modified atmosphere into a bag made of multilayer film of aluminium and polypropylene. The functional unit considered is a coffee capsule. To evaluate the environmental impact, the EPD (Environmental Product Declaration) method is used. This work shows that it is possible to reduce the environmental impact of compostable capsules packaged in PET tray by two ways: by using a less polluting starch polymer and by producing biogas instead of compost from the organic waste. With these improvements, the compostable coffee capsule in PET tray results the less damaging packaging system for all categories except than for the ozone layer depletion and the fossil fuels depletion."

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Reports on the topic "Ozone layer depletion"

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Kim, Jeong Won, and Sungjin Kim. International Agreements and Global Initiatives for Low-Carbon Cooling. Asian Development Bank Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/rpae4386.

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Since the mid-1980s, the international community has controlled refrigerants that may damage the ozone layer and cause climate change based on several international agreements. In particular, the Montreal Protocol contributed to not only solving the ozone layer depletion problem but also limiting global warming. Given that the global demand for cooling would triple by 2050 and this rise would increase global greenhouse gas emissions significantly, the Montreal Protocol has expanded its regulatory scope to decarbonize the cooling sector through the adoption of the Kigali Amendment. Also, increasing interest in low-carbon cooling has driven the launch of various global initiatives to complement the international agreements and accelerate low-carbon cooling in developing countries. The experience of implementing the Montreal Protocol and its amendments suggests some lessons and insights for making the Kigali Amendment work well. First, each country should develop and enforce national policies aligned with international agreements. Second, financial and technical support mechanisms should be strengthened to facilitate developing countries’ compliance with the Kigali Amendment. Third, along with the improving energy efficiency of cooling, the substances that neither harm the ozone layer nor exacerbate climate change should be used as substitutes for hydrofluorocarbons. Last, the monitoring, reporting, and verification of controlled substances need to be strengthened.

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