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1

Walker, S. L., R. J. G. Chalmers, and M. H. Beck. "Contact urticaria due to p-chloro-m-cresol." British Journal of Dermatology 151, no. 4 (2004): 936–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06205.x.

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2

Sei, Yoshitatsu, Barbara W. Brandom, Saiid Bina, et al. "Patients with Malignant Hyperthermia Demonstrate an Altered Calcium Control Mechanism in B Lymphocytes." Anesthesiology 97, no. 5 (2002): 1052–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200211000-00005.

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Background Altered Ca2+ homeostasis in skeletal muscle is a key molecular event triggering malignant hyperthermia (MH) in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible (MHS) individuals. Genetic studies have shown that mutations in the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RYR1) are associated with MH susceptibility. Because human B lymphocytes express the RYR1, it is hypothesized that Ca2+ homeostasis in B lymphocytes is altered in MHS individuals. Methods This study investigated the Ca2+ response of B cells to caffeine and 4-chloro-m-cresol in 13 MHS and 21 MH-negative (MHN) individuals who had been diagnosed by
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3

Yamano, Tetsuo, Mitsuru Shimizu, and Tsutomu Noda. "Allergenicity evaluation of p-chloro-m-cresol and p-chloro-m-xylenol by non-radioactive murine local lymph-node assay and multiple-dose guinea pig maximization test." Toxicology 190, no. 3 (2003): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00161-6.

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4

Keidel, Judith, and Arwid Daugschies. "Integration of halofuginone lactate treatment and disinfection with p-chloro-m-cresol to control natural cryptosporidiosis in calves." Veterinary Parasitology 196, no. 3-4 (2013): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.03.003.

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5

Pizarro, A. H., C. B. Molina, M. Munoz, Z. M. de Pedro, N. Menendez, and J. J. Rodriguez. "Combining HDC and CWPO for the removal of p -chloro- m -cresol from water under ambient-like conditions." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 216 (November 2017): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.05.052.

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6

Pizarro, A. H., V. M. Monsalvo, C. B. Molina, A. F. Mohedano, and J. J. Rodriguez. "Catalytic hydrodechlorination of p-chloro-m-cresol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol with Pd and Rh supported on Al-pillared clays." Chemical Engineering Journal 273 (August 2015): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.03.072.

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7

Viisimaa, Marika, and Anna Goi. "USE OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND PERCARBONATE TO TREAT CHLORINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBON-CONTAMINATED SOIL." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 22, no. 1 (2014): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2013.804827.

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This study compared treatment methods that utilised a liquid carrier of hydrogen peroxide and a solid carrier, percarbonate, for p-dichlorobenzene, p-chloro-m-cresol and p-chlorothymol degradation in the soil. The targeted chlorinated aromatic contaminants in the soil degraded to a certain level when treated with the liquid hydrogen peroxide, but the removal efficacy was not dependent on the dosage. In contrast, an increase in the percarbonate dosage enhanced the contaminant removal. Supplementary ferrous iron was more effective for the treatment that employed the liquid carrier of hydrogen pe
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8

Onesios-Barry, Kathryn M., David Berry, Jody B. Proescher, I. K. Ashok Sivakumar, and Edward J. Bouwer. "Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products during Water Recycling: Microbial Community Structure and Effects of Substrate Concentration." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 8 (2014): 2440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03693-13.

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ABSTRACTMany pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been shown to be biotransformed in water treatment systems. However, little research exists on the effect of initial PPCP concentration on PPCP biotransformation or on the microbial communities treating impacted water. In this study, biological PPCP removal at various concentrations was assessed using laboratory columns inoculated with wastewater treatment plant effluent. Pyrosequencing was used to examine microbial communities in the columns and in soil from a soil aquifer treatment (SAT; a method of water treatment prior to
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9

Yamada, Takashi, Takaaki Mishima, Makoto Sakamoto, Minako Sugiyama, Satoshi Matsunaga, and Masanobu Wada. "Oxidation of myosin heavy chain and reduction in force production in hyperthyroid rat soleus." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 5 (2006): 1520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01456.2005.

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We tested the hypothesis that a force reduction in hyperthyroid rat soleus muscle would be associated with oxidative modification in myosin heavy chain (MHC). Daily injection of thyroid hormone [3,5,3′-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3)] for 21 days depressed isometric forces of whole soleus muscle across a range of stimulus frequencies ( P < 0.01). In fiber bundles, hyperthyroidism also led to pronounced reductions ( P < 0.01) in both K+- and 4-chloro- m-cresol-induced contracture forces. The degrees of the reductions were similar between these two contractures that were induced by distinct reage
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10

Guo, Yi, Jingfeng Gao, Zejie Wu, Ziqiao Li, Yi Zhang, and Haoran Zhang. "Work along both lines: The p-chloro-m-cresol achieved stable and long-term partial nitrification and inhibited the enrichment of resistance genes." Chemical Engineering Journal 460 (March 2023): 141711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.141711.

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11

Duhamel, T. A., H. J. Green, J. G. Perco, S. D. Sandiford, and J. Ouyang. "Human muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum function during submaximal exercise in normoxia and hypoxia." Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 1 (2004): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00954.2003.

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In this study, the response of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to prolonged exercise, performed in normoxia (inspired O2 fraction = 0.21) and hypoxia (inspired O2 fraction = 0.14) was studied in homogenates prepared from the vastus lateralis muscle in 10 untrained men (peak O2 consumption = 3.09 ± 0.25 l/min). In normoxia, performed at 48 ± 2.2% peak O2 consumption, maximal Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity was reduced by ∼25% at 30 min of exercise compared with rest (168 ± 10 vs. 126 ± 8 μmol·g protein−1·min−1), with no further reductions observed at 90 min (129 ± 6 μmol·g protein−1·min−1). No c
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12

Bina, Saiid, George Cowan, John Karaian, Sheila Muldoon, Paul Mongan, and Rolf Bünger. "Effects of Caffeine, Halothane, and 4-Chloro-m -cresol on Skeletal Muscle Lactate and Pyruvate in Malignant Hyperthermia–susceptible and Normal Swine as Assessed by Microdialysis." Anesthesiology 104, no. 1 (2006): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200601000-00015.

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Background Skeletal muscle fibers from malignant hyperthermia (MH)-susceptible humans and swine are markedly more sensitive to ryanodine receptor (RyR1) agonists than those from normal individuals. Reproducible shifts in the dose-response of skeletal muscle to caffeine and halothane are the basis of the current in vitro diagnostic caffeine-halothane contracture test. In an attempt to develop a less invasive MH diagnostic test, the authors determined the effects of RyR1 agonists (caffeine, 4-chloro-m-cresol [4CmC], and halothane) on the adductor muscle with respect to the lactate-pyruvate (L/P)
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13

Tupling, R., and H. Green. "Silver ions induce Ca2+ release from the SR in vitro by acting on the Ca2+ release channel and the Ca2+ pump." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 4 (2002): 1603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00756.2001.

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Silver nitrate (AgNO3) is a sulfhydryl oxidizing agent that induces a biphasic Ca2+ release from isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles by presumably oxidizing critical sulfhydryl groups in the Ca2+ release channel (CRC), causing the channel to open. To further examine the effects of AgNO3 on the CRC and the Ca2+-ATPase, Ca2+ release was measured in muscle homogenates prepared from rat hindlimb muscle using indo 1. Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and ruthenium red (RR) were used to inhibit the Ca2+-ATPase and block the CRC, respectively, before inducing Ca2+ release with both AgNO3 and 4-chlor
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14

Leppik, James A., Robert J. Aughey, Ivan Medved, Ian Fairweather, Michael F. Carey, and Michael J. McKenna. "Prolonged exercise to fatigue in humans impairs skeletal muscle Na+-K+-ATPase activity, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release, and Ca2+ uptake." Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 4 (2004): 1414–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00964.2003.

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Prolonged exhaustive submaximal exercise in humans induces marked metabolic changes, but little is known about effects on muscle Na+-K+-ATPase activity and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ regulation. We therefore investigated whether these processes were impaired during cycling exercise at 74.3 ± 1.2% maximal O2 uptake (mean ± SE) continued until fatigue in eight healthy subjects (maximal O2 uptake of 3.93 ± 0.69 l/min). A vastus lateralis muscle biopsy was taken at rest, at 10 and 45 min of exercise, and at fatigue. Muscle was analyzed for in vitro Na+-K+-ATPase activity [maximal K+-stimulated 3-
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15

Bina, Saiid, John Capacchione, Sheila Muldoon, Munkhuu Bayarsaikhan, and Rolf Bunger. "Lymphocyte-based Determination of Susceptibility to Malignant Hyperthermia: A Pilot Study in Swine." Anesthesiology 113, no. 4 (2010): 917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181ee2cd0.

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Background Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) is diagnosed by an invasive in vitro caffeine-halothane contracture test (CHCT) carried out on biopsied skeletal muscle tissue. We are presenting a novel blood test approach for malignant hyperthermia testing in a swine model. Our main aim was to determine whether adenosine production from lymphocytes after 4-chloro-m-cresol (4CmC) stimulation distinguishes homozygous swine carrying the Arg615Cys mutation in the ryanodine receptor type 1 (RyR1) gene (MHS swine) from normal swine. Methods Lymphocytes were isolated from arterial blood (40 ml
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16

S, Ololade Zacchaeus, Anuoluwa Iyadunni A, Adejuyitan Johnson A, and Uyaboerigha Daubotei I. "Black Velvet Tamarind: Phytochemical Analysis, Antiradical and Antimicrobial Properties of the Seed Extract for Human Therapeutic and Health Benefits." Journal of Phytopharmacology 10, no. 4 (2021): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2021.10406.

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Black Velvet Tamarind (BVT) is a famous edible fruit with multiple therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the secondary metabolites and evaluate the medicinal activities of the seed extract of the plant in order to scientifically report its possible medicinal applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. The pulverized seed was extracted with methanol/ethylacetate (2:1) and the concentrated extract was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the antioxidant capacity was evaluated using galvinoxyl and 2,2ʹ-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assa
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17

"Final Report on the Safety Assessment of 6-Amino-m-Cresol, 6-Amino-o-Cresol, 4-Amino-m-Cresol, 5-Amino-4-Chloro-o-Cresol, 5-Amino-6-Chloro-o-Cresol, and 4-Chloro-2-Aminophenol1." International Journal of Toxicology 23, no. 2_suppl (2004): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810490499037.

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Each of these ingredients function as hair colorants. 5-Amino-4-Chloro-o-Cresol and 5-Amino-6-Chloro-o-Cresol are identified as oxidative hair dyes, that is, they are combined with an oxidizing agent before being applied to the hair. 6-Amino-m-Cresol, 6-Amino-o-Cresol, 4-Amino-m-Cresol, and 5-Amino-4-Chloro-o-Cresol are used in oxidative hair dyes, but it is not known if they are also used in nonoxidative (semipermanent) hair dyes. No toxicologically significant impurities are present with these two ingredients. To supplement the safety test data on these ingredients, available data on related
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18

"Final Report on the Safety Assessment of p-Chloro-m-Cresol." International Journal of Toxicology 16, no. 3 (1997): 235–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158197227170.

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p-Chloro-m-Cresol is a substituted phenol that functions as a cosmetic biocide preservative in skin care and suntan cosmetic formulations. While p-Chloro-m-Cresol is approved for preservative use by the European Union at concentrations of up to 0.2%, it can be used at other concentrations when not intended as a preservative, and it is prohibited from use in products intended to contact mucous membranes. p-Chloro-m-Cresol is approved for use as an indirect food additive in the United States. Acute, short-term, and subchronic tests in animals indicate no dose-related toxicity other than reduced
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19

"Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium p -Chloro- m -Cresol, p -Chloro- m -Cresol, Chlorothymol, Mixed Cresols, m -Cresol, o -Cresol, p -Cresol, Isopropyl Cresols, Thymol, o -Cymen-5-ol, and Carvacrol1." International Journal of Toxicology 25, no. 1_suppl (2006): 29–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810600716653.

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Sodium p -Chloro- m -Cresol, p -Chloro- m -Cresol (PCMC), Mixed Cresols, m -Cresol, o -Cresol, p -Cresol, Isopropyl Cresols, Thymol, Chlorothymol, o -Cymen-5-ol, and Carvacrol are substituted phenols used as cosmetic biocides/preservatives and/or fragrance ingredients. Only PCMC, Thymol, and o -Cymen-5-ol are reported to be in current use, with the highest concentration of use at 0.5% for o -Cymen-5-ol in perfumes. The use of PCMC in cosmetics is restricted in Europe and Japan. Cresols can be absorbed through skin, the respiratory tract, and the digestive tract; metabolized by the liver; and e
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20

Trivedi, Mahendra Kumar, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Ragini Singh, and Snehasis Jana. "Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Treated p-Chloro-m-cresol." Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology 6, no. 5 (2015). https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7048.1000249.

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p-Chloro-m-cresol(PCMC) is widely used in pharmaceutical industries as biocide and preservative. However, it faces the problems of solubility in water and photo degradation. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectral properties of PCMC. For this study, PCMC sample was divided into two groups i.e., one served as treated and other as control. The treated group received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment and both control and treated samples of PCMC were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, differen
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21

Trivedi, Mahendra Kumar, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Ragini Singh, and Snehasis Jana. "Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Treated p-Chloro-m-cresol." Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology 6, no. 5 (2015). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.192195.

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p-Chloro-m-cresol(PCMC) is widely used in pharmaceutical industries as biocide and preservative. However, it faces the problems of solubility in water and photo degradation. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectral properties of PCMC. For this study, PCMC sample was divided into two groups i.e., one served as treated and other as control. The treated group received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment and both control and treated samples of PCMC were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, differen
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22

Mahendra, Trivedi, Branton Alice, Trivedi Dahryn, and Nayak Gopal. "Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Treated p-Chloro-m-cresol." OMICS International, October 3, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.813635.

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P-Chloro-m-cresol (PCMC) is widely used in pharmaceutical industries as biocide and preservative. However, it faces the problems of solubility in water and photo degradation. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectral properties of PCMC. For this study, PCMC sample was divided into two groups i.e., one served as treated and other as control. The treated group received Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment and both control and treated samples of PCMC were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, differential
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23

Omar, A. M., A. M. Abdelmoniem, Wekeel F. El, and A. S. Taha. "SPECTROSCOPIC AND MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF CHEOPS WOODEN BOAT FOR MICROBIAL DEGRADATION APPLYING PROPER MICROBICIDES AND METHODS." November 19, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5717174.

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The present research paper aims to determine the effect of microbial deterioration on wood housed in Cheops Boat and ways to control it. Khufu, the second king of the Fourth Dynasty 2650 BC, established Cheops Boat that was found in 1954 on the southern side of the pyramid. Wood is usually very sensitive to biological at-tacks, therefore, fungi, bacteria, and insects can easily attack and metabolize it, leading to significant physical, chemical, and morphological changes. Microbial infections were identified using light microscopy and PCR after their cultivation. The biological activities of t
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24

BURBARELLI, Maria Fernanda de Castro, Karoline Deliberali LELIS, Silvia Helena Seraphim de GODOY, et al. "Reduction in the frequency of Aspergillus spp. in broiler facilities subjected to cleaning and disinfection." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 21 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402121012020.

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ABSTRACT The present study analyzes influence of two cleaning and disinfection protocols on frequency of Aspergillus spp. in broiler facilities. We conducted an observational study, applying two cleaning and disinfection protocols before housing 960 one-day-old broilers randomly allocated in 32 boxes with 30 birds. We considered two types of housing as independent experiments, which differed as to the bedding. First experiment consisted of new bedding materials, which we reused in second experiment. We applied two different treatments, Common treatment included sweeping organic matter, humidif
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