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1
Wang, Mengchi. "Probing the Regulation of Elongation Factor P-Mediated Translation." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1372761617.
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McLellan, Roman A. "Interindividual differences in xenobiotic-metabolising enzymes : the human genetic factor /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-3924-1/.
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Gibbon, Laura. "An interpretive thematic analysis of the p-factor literature and an empirical investigation of the relationship between the p-factor and childhood trauma and reflective function." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1574529/.
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The psychiatric diagnostic classification system is the dominant conceptual framework within which clinical practice and mental health research are conducted. Recent research has identified the ‘p-factor’, a tendency towards experiencing symptoms of psychopathology comorbidly (Caspi et al., 2014), which is part of a broad attempt to develop an empirical nosology for psychopathology. Part one of this thesis is a systematic review which critically analyses this body of quantitative research, using a reviewing method adapted from thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Empirical nosological research into Axis I and personality disorder symptomatology has tended to be conducted separately. However, the ‘p-factor’, describing Axis I comorbidity, and a ‘general personality disorder factor’ (Sharp et al., 2015) have both been extracted, raising the questions of how they relate to one another and whether they reflect psychopathological severity. Part two of this thesis is an empirical paper comparing alternative models of the comorbidity structure of internalising, antisocial, thought disorder and borderline symptoms, and the relationship between the extracted p-factor and childhood trauma and reflective function. Research attempting to establish an empirically-grounded nosology for mental health employs complex statistical techniques and requires access to large amounts of comprehensive data, which may make it difficult for clinicians to undertake. However, this influential area of research has potentially significant implications for mental health practice. Part three of this thesis is a critical appraisal of the research process, with particular reference to the ways in which a clinical perspective might be important for this type of research.
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Tyler, Sarah B. "The Modification State of Elongation Factor-P in Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1430732322.
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Wang, Bo. "Transcriptional regulation of the human NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase gene during oxidative stress." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262435.
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Moly, Pricila K., James R. Cooley, Sebastian L. Zeltzer, Tatiana A. Yatskievych, and Parker B. Antin. "Gastrulation EMT Is Independent of P-Cadherin Downregulation." Public Library of Science, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614679.
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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an evolutionarily conserved process during which cells lose epithelial characteristics and gain a migratory phenotype. Although downregulation of epithelial cadherins by Snail and other transcriptional repressors is generally considered a prerequisite for EMT, recent studies have challenged this view. Here we investigate the relationship between E-cadherin and P-cadherin expression and localization, Snail function and EMT during gastrulation in chicken embryos. Expression analyses show that while E-cadherin transcripts are detected in the epiblast but not in the primitive streak or mesoderm, P-cadherin mRNA and protein are present in the epiblast, primitive and mesoderm. Antibodies that specifically recognize E-cadherin are not presently available. During EMT, P-cadherin relocalizes from the lateral surfaces of epithelial epiblast cells to a circumferential distribution in emerging mesodermal cells. Cells electroporated with an E-cadherin expression construct undergo EMT and migrate into the mesoderm. An examination of Snail function showed that reduction of Slug (SNAI2) protein levels using a morpholino fails to inhibit EMT, and expression of human or chicken Snail in epiblast cells fails to induce EMT. In contrast, cells expressing the Rho inhibitor peptide C3 rapidly exit the epiblast without activating Slug or the mesoderm marker N-cadherin. Together, these experiments show that epiblast cells undergo EMT while retaining P-cadherin, and raise questions about the mechanisms of EMT regulation during avian gastrulation.
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Reimer, Thornik. "Infection of human macrophages with cytosolic "Listeria monocytogenes" is associated with an interferon-beta response in the apparent absence of interferon-regulatory factor-3 and interferon-regulatory factor-1 activation /." Bern : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.stub.ch/index.php?p=1&i=645.
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Tufail-Hanif, Uzma. "Modulation of neuropeptide growth factor signalling by anti-cancer substance P analogues." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30862.
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Model cell systems consisting of CHO-K1 cell-lines stably expressing GRP or V1A receptors were established and the effect of SP-D and SP-G tested. Expression of GRP and V1A receptors led to the development of a transformed phenotype as cells showed increased cloning efficiency and survival in soft-agar and suspension growth respectively. GRP and V1A receptor expressing cells were less adherent, more migratory and not contact inhibited. Neuropeptide receptor stimulation provided some protection from the cytotoxic effects of etoposide suggesting a role in chemoresistance. Substance-P analogues inhibited normal and anchorage-independent growth of receptor expressing cells. In receptor binding studies on GRP and V1A receptor expressing cells, analogue inhibited radioligand binding non-competitively. Transfected GRP and V1A receptors effectively coupled to Gαq to increase intercellular calcium and the analogues were effective antagonists of this response. Neuropeptide and analogues stimulated ERK activity in GRP and V1A receptor expressing cells. Activation of ERK by neuropeptide was rapid and transient while analogue induced activation was delayed and sustained. Analogue-stimulated ERK activity was pertussis toxin sensitive whereas neuropeptide-stimulated ERK activation was not. In addition, analogue induced ERK activity was blocked by inhibition of EGF receptor kinase. This indicates that SP-D and SP-G facilitate receptor coupling to G-protein Gi/Go subunits for subsequent calcium-independent ERK activation via EGFR transactivation. Stable cell-lines expressing different levels of V1A receptor were used to examine the effect of altering the ratio of receptor to G-protein on the ability of the analogues to direct receptor signalling. Chimeric V1A receptors containing the second (V1i2) on third intracellular (V1i3) loop of the V2 receptor were used to investigate the influence of substance-P analogues on G-protein selectivity. Both receptors were still capable of binding AVP and Sp-G but had altered ability to activate PLC and ERK. The second intracellular loop of V1AR was essential for AVP-stimulated PLC and ERK activation but not for SP-G-induced ERK activation. This confirms that the effects of the agents cause an alteration in the receptor-G-protein coupling domains of receptors. These findings demonstrate that substance-P analogues are biased agonists of receptors other than GRP receptors, activating downstream signals which differ fro those stimulated by the natural agonist through promoting an alternative agonist state of the receptor. This pathway selectivity combined with the receptor specificity of different substance-P analogues offers great potential for the tailored treatment of neuropeptide-dependent tumours.
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Elgamal, Sara. "Determining the mechanism of elongation factor P -dependent regulation of gene expression." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1448624003.
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Kolp, Christopher Jay. "Investigations into cycloconjugation in heterocycles : is d-p [pi] overlap a factor /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487681148540852.
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Rajkovic, Andrei. "Promoting Bacterial Synthesis of Oligo-prolines by Modifying Elongation Factor P Post-translationally." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469123846.
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Danisman, Yusuf. "L-factors of Supercuspidal Representations of p-adic GSp(4)." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305777152.
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Neupane, Bibek. "EFFECTS OF ASYMMETRICAL LIVE LOADS ON SIDESWAYS AND MOMENT AMPLIFICATION FACTORS OF STEEL MOMENT FRAME CONSIDERING P-DELTA INTERACTION." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1860.
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The P-delta effect, which is a second order effect, is experienced by a structure mostly when the structure is subjected to lateral forces like earthquake and wind. In addition to earthquake and wind loads, when the structure is subjected to various live load patterns other than symmetrical loading, the structure experiences side sway or lateral translation. In this thesis, P-delta effects due to symmetrical and asymmetrical live loads is studied on a three-bay, two-story steel moment frame. The main objective of this research is to investigate P-delta effects on the column which is subjected to critical load case. The effect is analyzed based on the value of the moment magnification factor, B2. Besides, the story drift due to asymmetrical loading is also investigated. For the purpose of this study, “Approximate Second-Order Analysis” specified in “Appendix 8” of AISC Steel Construction Manual (AISC 2011) is used to amplify the first order effects to account for the second-order effects in the steel moment frame. Additionally, computer software is used to calculate the first order moments and axial forces.
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Volkwein, Wolfram [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Lassak. "Strategies for synthetic activation of translation elongation factor P / Wolfram Volkwein ; Betreuer: Jürgen Lassak." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1206096373/34.
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Pinheiro, Damasceno Florentino Bruno [Verfasser], and Kirsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Jung. "The translation elongation factor P in actinobacteria / Bruno Pinheiro Damasceno Florentino ; Betreuer: Kirsten Jung." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222436736/34.
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Lawn, Samuel Oliver. "Invesitagating the role of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor P-Rex1 in cell invasion." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/533/.
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Cell invasion is a critical step in cancer metastasis. Rho family GTPases are key regulators of cell motility, regulating the form and function of the actin cytoskeleton. P-Rex1, a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), was previously identified in this lab in a transcriptional screen for mediators of cell invasion. A number of GEFs have been shown to regulate the invasive phenotype of tumours and cancer cell lines, leading to the hypothesis that P-Rex1 is an invasion promoting gene. We show that overexpression of P-Rex1 induces dramatic morphological changes in fibroblasts characterised by extensive membrane ruffling and lamellipodia formation. P-Rex1 modulates the 2D migration of fibroblasts and potently stimulates their in vitro invasion. These phenotypes are dependent on Rac1, PI3 kinase and GPCR signalling and can be stimulated by growth factor mediated accumulation of PIP3. P-Rex1 expression is shown to be upregulated in a number of melanoma derived cell lines compared to normal human melanocytes. Ectopic overexpression of P-Rex1 enhances the membrane ruffling and invasion of melanoma derived cell lines, while in some cell lines, limiting its expression by RNAi reduces both serum stimulated ruffling and invasion. The P-Rex1-/- mouse is shown here to have a previously uncharacterised pigmentation phenotype, consistent with a defect in melanocyte precursor migration. This phenotype is not overcome by crossing on to a melanoma model driven by expression of activated N-RasQ61k and loss of the INK4a locus. While it seems that P-Rex1 deficiency does not affect melanoma initiation, studies are ongoing to determine whether it has a role in metastastic progression. Data also suggests that P-Rex1 has an unexpected role in lymphoma development. This work further characterises the regulation and function of P-Rex1, adding to our understanding of how RhoGTPase GEFs function in cancer.
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Lewis, Benjamin. "Primitive factor rings of p-adic completions of enveloping algebras as arithmetic differential operators." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2015. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/9549.
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We study the -adic completion dD[1] of Berthelot's differential operators of level one on the projective line over a complete discrete valuation ring of mixed characteristic (0; p). The global sections are shown to be isomorphic to a Morita context whose objects are certain fractional ideals of primitive factor rings of the -adic completion of the universal enveloping algebra of sl2(R). We produce a bijection between the coadmissibly primitive ideals of the Arens Michael envelope of a nilpotent finite dimensional Lie algebra and the classical universal enveloping algebra. We make limited progress towards characterizing the primitive ideals of certain a noid enveloping algebras of nilpotent Lie algebras under restrictive conditions on the Lie algebra. We produce an isomorphism between the primitive factor rings of these affinoid enveloping algebras and matrix rings over certain deformations of Berthelot's arithmetic differential operators over the a fine line.
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Gilreath, Marla S. "Probing the Evolution of New Specificities in Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1308241476.
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Barker, Joshua S. "Interleukin (IL)-1 regulates ozone-induced nerve growth factor (NGF) and substance P (SP) release in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in mice." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10834.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 43 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-41).
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Anderson, Mary Cloud Bosworth Ammons. "Identification and characterization of a novel transcription factor that regulates NCF2 expression via the TNF-alpha responsive region." Diss., Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/anderson/AndersonM1207.pdf.
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Campos, Tiago de. "Spin-orbit coupling effects and g-factors in zinc-blende InSb and wurtzite InAs nanowires using realistic multiband k · p method." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-30012018-163011/.
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Spin-dependent phenomena in semiconductor nanowires have recently gained a lot of attention, in special because these nanostructures can be a viable setup to study exotic states of matter like the Majorana fermions. One of the key ingredients to accommodate the Majorana zero modes is the spin-orbit coupling in the nanowires, which has been usually treated with two-band Hamiltonians. The spin-orbit coupling in semiconductors arise from two distinct sources being the bulk inversion asymmetry, when the unit cell does not present inversion symmetry, e.g. when the crystal unit cell is composed by two different atoms, and the structural inversion asymmetry, when the whole system does not have a mirror symmetry. To describe the system these effective models take as input, parameters that are dependent on the system configuration and measurement setups. Although these effective models have been successful in determine relevant physical properties, a more realistic description of the interacting energy bands is required, specially in quantum confined systems where the interplay between both sources of spin-orbit coupling can change the systems properties in non-trivial ways. For instance, in quantum wells there is an anisotropy of the g-factor due to the quantum confinement and structural inversion asymmetry. Furthermore, the in-plane g-factor also have an anisotropy which is due to the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling and it is not captured by these effective models. In this study, we use realistic multiband k · p Hamiltonians, including both spin-orbit coupling mechanisms, to determine the band structure of zincblende InSb and wurtzite InAs nanowires under a transverse electric field. We analyze the effects of the lateral quantum confinement for a hexagonal cross-section geometry and of the change in growth directions, extracting the relevant physical parameters for the first conduction subband. We found that the g-factors are heavily dependent on the quantum confinement and nanowire orientation, with in-plane/out-of-plane anisotropies up to 3%. We also found that for zinc-blende nanowires the extrinsic spin-orbit coupling is dominant over the intrinsic one whereas, for wurztize, the opposite behavior holds. In order to assess if the nanowires could host the aforementioned Majorana zero modes we investigate under which circumstances the topological phase transition occurs, using the Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism to couple the nanowire with a superconductor, and we found that using realistic and experimental feasible parameters, indeed, the phase transition occurs. In conclusion, our systematic investigation of nanowires shows that the spin-orbit coupling energy can be fine tuned by the external electric field in experimentally achievable setups that ultimately could guide the search for the elusive Majorana modes. Moreover, our numerical approach is not restricted to a specific material or dimensionality and can be used to study others systems to provide useful insights into the electronic and spintronic fields.Recentemente, fenômenos dependentes de spin em nanofios semicondutores se tornaram uma área de pesquisa ativa especialmente porque essas nanoestruturas podem ser viáveis para o estudo de estados exóticos da matéria como, por exemplo, os férmions de Majorana. Um dos ingredientes chave para que esses modos de excitação possam existir em nanofios é o acoplamento spin-órbita, o qual tem sido usualmente tratado com modelos de duas bandas. O acoplamento spin-órbita em semicondutores aparece de duas fontes distintas sendo elas a assimetria de inversão no bulk, quando a célula unitária do cristal não possui simetria de inversão, por exemplo, quando é formada por dois átomos diferentes, e a assimetria de inversão estrutural, quando o sistema como um todo não possui simetria de inversão. Para descrever o sistema, os modelos efetivos de duas bandas usam como entrada parâmetros que dependem tanto do sistema específico quanto da configuração do arranjo experimental. Apesar desses modelos terem sucesso em descrever algumas das propriedades físicas relevantes, uma descrição mais realística da interação entre as bandas de energia se faz necessária, especialmente em sistemas com confinamento quântico onde a ação combinada das duas fontes de acoplamento spin-órbita muda as propriedades do sistema de maneira não-trivial. Por exemplo, o fator giromagnético em poços quânticos é anisotrópico devido aos efeitos de ambos, confinamento quântico e a assimetria de inversão estrutural. Ademais, o fator giromagnético ao longo do plano também possui uma anisotropia, a qual tem origem no acoplamento spin-órbita intrínseco do sistema e não é capturada por esses modelos efetivos. Nesse estudo, nós usamos Hamiltonianos k · p multibanda, incluindo ambos os mecanismos de acoplamento spin-órbita, para determinar a estrutura de bandas de nanofios de InSb na fase blenda de zinco e InAs na fase wurtzita sob a ação de um campo elétrico transversal. Nós analisamos os efeitos do confinamento quântico lateral, para fios com seção transversal hexagonal, e diferentes direções de crescimento, extraindo parâmetros físicos relevantes para a primeira sub-banda de condução. Nós encontramos que os fatores giromagnéticos são fortemente influenciados pelo confinamento quântico e orientação dos nanofios, com anisotropias no plano e fora do plano de até 3%. Nós também encontramos que para nanofios de InSb na fase blenda de zinco, o acoplamento spin-órbita extrínseco domina o intrínseco enquanto que, em nanofios de InAs na fase wurtzita, vale o oposto. Para avaliar se os nanofios podem hospedar os modos de Majorana de energia zero nós investigamos sob quais circunstâncias a transição de fase topológica ocorre usando o formalismo de Bogoliubov-de Gennes para acoplar o nanofio a um supercondutor, e encontramos que usando nossos parâmetros e em condições experimentalmente factíveis, de fato, a transição de fase ocorre. Em conclusão, nossa investigação sistemática nos nanofios mostrou que o acoplamento spin-órbita pode ser ajustado por fontes externas, tais como um campo elétrico aplicado, e em configurações experimentais factíveis e que ultimamente pode guiar à busca dos elusivos modos de Majorana. Além do mais, nossa abordagem numérica não é restrita a esses materiais em específico e nem a nanofios, podendo ser usada para estudar outros sistemas provendo intuições úteis nos campos de eletrônica e spintrônica.
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Sinha, Sarmistha Gates Kent S. "Oxidative DNA damage by 1-hydroxyphenazine, virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards a molecular understanding of the bacterial virulence factor 1-hydroxyphenazine /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/7119.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed April 27, 2010). Thesis advisor: Dr. Kent S. Gates. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Pfab, Miriam [Verfasser], and Kirsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Jung. "Translation elongation factor P and its post-translational modification enzyme EpmA / Miriam Pfab ; Betreuer: Kirsten Jung." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222909278/34.
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Jadlowsky, Julie Kendal. "Dual control of HIV transcription elongation virus-specific negative control by NELF-E is counterbalanced by positive transcription factor P-TEFb /." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1228234927.
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Eberle, Jonathan Robert. "Investigation of Applicable Seismic Response Modification Factor For Three-Hinge Glulam Tudor Arches Using FEMA P-695." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23122.
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The objective of this research project involves determining a seismic response modification factor for three-hinge glulam Tudor arches. In an attempt to meet this objective, the methods and procedures outlined in FEMA technical document P-695 were implemented on the provided arch designs. Computational models were created using finite elements within OpenSees to accurately depict the behavior of the arch. Incremental dynamic analyses were conducted on each of the provided designs and collapse margin ratios were determined allowing performance groups to be evaluated for each of seven design R-values within two gravity load cases. With the performance groups evaluated, it was determined that only groups within the low gravity load level designs were successfully able to pass, none of the groups designed for high gravity loads passed the evaluations. Within P-695, all performance groups associated with a given design R-value must pass the evaluations for that R-value to be deemed acceptable for use in designs. Because of the implications of this requirement, a seismic response modification factor could not be determined for this type of structural system within the scope of this project.Master of Science
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Witzky, Anne Marie. "The Regulation of Elongation Factor P Post-Translational Modification in Maintenance of Gene Expression in Bacillus subtilis." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555069407990046.
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Boucher, Jérôme. "Feasibility studies of the pbar p -->pi0e+e- electromagnetic channel at PANDA." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00662455.
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The proton is described by the electric G_E and magnetic G_M form factors which characterise its internal structure. The way to measure the proton form factors consists in measuring the angular distribution of the e-p elastic scattering accessing the so-called Space-Like region where q^2<0. Using the crossed channel pbar p<-->e+e-, one accesses another kinematical region, the so-called Time-Like region where q^2>0. However, due to the pbar p<-->e+e- threshold q^2_{th}, only the kinematical domain q^2>q^2_{th}>0 is available. To access the unphysical region, one may use the pbar p --> pi0e+e- reaction where the pi0 takes away a part of the system energy allowing q^2 to be varied between q^2_{th} and almost 0. This thesis aims to show the feasibility of such measurements with the PANDA detector which will be installed on the antiproton ring at the FAIR facility at Darmstadt. To describe the pbar p --> pi0e+e- reaction, a Lagrangian based approach is developed. The 5-fold differential cross section is determined and related to linear combinations of hadronic tensors. Under the assumption of one nucleon exchange, the hadronic tensors are expressed in terms of the 2 complex proton electromagnetic form factors. An extraction method which provides an access to the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio R=|G_E|/|G_M| and for the first time in an unpolarized experiment to the cosine of the phase difference is developed. Such measurements have never been performed in the unphysical region. Extended simulations were performed to show how the ratio R and the cosine can be extracted from the positron angular distribution. Furthermore, a model is developed for the pbar p-->pi0pi+pi- background reaction considered as the most dangerous one. The background contribution can be reduced to the percent level or even less. The corresponding signal efficiency ranges from a few % to 30%. The precision on the determination of the ratio R and of the cosine is determined using the expected counting rates via Monte Carlo method. A part of this thesis is also dedicated to more technical work with the study of the prototype of the electromagnetic calorimeter and the determination of its resolution.
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Wagner, Sabine. "Tachykinine und Tachykinin-Rezeptoren in der Innervation der Lunge der Maus : Veränderungen bei Hypoxie und BDNF-Überexpression /." Giessen : Köhler, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014610775&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Allfrey, Philip Daniel. "Measurement of charmed hadron production in e±p deep inelastic scattering with the ZEUS detector." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5ab29a9c-75b2-46df-872b-399b834cb5e6.
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Charmed hadron production has been studied in 225 pb-1 of data collected with the ZEUS detector in the HERA-II runnning period. Studies were made in the D* → D0π → Kππ decay channel to determine the potential for the microvertex detector to improve charm signals. Integrated cross sections were measured for the decays D0 → K0sπ⁺ π⁻, D± → K0s π±, D±_s → K0s K± and Lambda±_c → Lambda0π± in the kinematic region 5< Q² < 1000 GeV², 0.02 < y < 0.7, 1.5 < pT(D,Lambda_c) < 20.0 GeV, -1.6 < pseudorapidity(D, Lambda_c) < 1.6. The D0 cross section was additionally measured down to pT(D0) > 1.0 GeV. Differential cross sections as a function of Q², x, pT(D) and pseudorapidity(D) were measured for the D0, D±, and D_s± channels. The measurements were compared to next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD calculations, and good agreement found for all variables in all channels over the measured kinematic region. The strangeness-suppression factor, gamma_s = D_s±/(D± + D0), was measured and found to be in good agreement with values previously measured at HERA and elsewhere, and with the DJANGOH and RAPGAP Monte Carlo. The ratio of charmed baryons to mesons, Lambda_c±/(D± + D0), was measured and also found to be in good agreement with Monte Carlo.
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Sarrafee, Sara. "ROLE OF THE PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS ECF SIGMA FACTOR, SIGH, IN OXIDATIVE STRESS RESPONSE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1804.
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Periodontal disease affects a majority of the US population. Porphyromonas gingivalis is the major etiological agent for development and progression of the disease. P. gingivalis is a hemin-dependent, obligate anaerobe that is found predominantly in periodontal pockets in infected patients. So for, little is known regarding the mechanisms which allow P. gingivalis to survive and sustain itself in the oral cavity. To better understand the adaptive mechanisms of the bacterium to the varying conditions in the oral cavity, regulatory mechanisms must be characterized. Sigma factors (σ) are responsible for initiating transcription by guiding RNA polymerase binding to specific DNA promoter sites. There are several sigma factors present in P. gingivalis, yet their roles have to be identified. Previous unpublished data indicate that a gene coding for an extracytoplasmic function sigma factor (ECF), SigH, is differentially regulated by exposure to molecular oxygen. Different assays were conducted to assess any variation in survival and/or growth between wild-type and SigH deficient strains of P. gingivalis. The ability to grow and survive in the presence of oxidative stress was compared between the mutant deficient in SigH and that of the parental strain. In addition, transcriptional profiles of the two strains were compared. Our assays indicate that growth was slower in the presence of oxygen in the Sigh-deficient mutant with an average difference of 27% compared to the wild-type. Transcriptional profiling showed down-regulation of genes encoding key enzymes associated with oxidative stress protection and oxidative metabolism in the absence of SigH, indicating that the sigma factor is a positive regulator of transcription required for survival of the bacterium in the presence of oxygen. If oxygen sensitivity can be established for this ECF-σ factor, it will aid in better understanding of P. gingivalis’ ability to survive in the oral cavity despite the presence of oxygen.
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Svensson, Alexandra. "Immune regulation of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection : special emphasis on the transcription Factor T-bet /." Göteborg : Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/852.
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Guiard, Bruno. "Rôle de la substance P et du brain-derived neurotrophic factor dans le mécanisme d'action des antidepresseurs sérotoninergiques." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA114814.
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La SP et le BDNF participeraient au mécanisme d'action des antidépresseurs de type IRSS. A partir de la technique de microdialyse intracérébrale chez la Souris, nous avons évalué leurs effets sur les [5-HT]ext centrales. L'activation des récepteurs NK1 par la SP, réduit les [5-HT]ext corticales en stimulant un rétrocontrôle inhibiteur exercé par les autorécepteurs 5-HT1A. Au contraire, les antagonistes des récepteurs NK1, potentialisent les effets neurochimiques des IRSS, en prévenant l'activation de ces autorécepteurs. La diminution constitutive des concentrations de BDNF, réduit la densité de transporteur de la 5-HT dans l'hippocampe, en rapport avec une augmentation locale des [5-HT]ext et une diminution de l'efficacité neurochimique des IRSS. Même s'il reste à déterminer dans quelles mesures un excès de SP et/ou une carence en BDNF, limite l'efficacité thérapeutique des IRSS, notre étude confirme l'intérêt d'une polythérapie dans le traitement des épisodes dépressifs chez l'HommeSP and BDNF would be involved in the mechanism of action of the antidepressants: SSRI. By using intracerebral microdialysis in mice, we evaluated their effects on [5-HT]ext. Thus, the activation of NK1 receptors by exogenous SP, decreased cortical [5-HT]ext through the stimulation of an inhibitory feedback exerted by 5-HT1A autoreceptors. Interestingly, NK1 receptor antagonists enhanced the effects of SSRI on cortical [5-HT]ext by preventing this negative control on 5-HT neurons. The genetic inactivation of BDNF levels in BDNF +/- mice, reduced the density of 5-HT transporter in the hippocampus which concured to increase local [5-HT]ext. Moreover, the partial loss of BDNF inhibited the neuochemical activity of SSRI. Although is it still unclear whether or not an excess of SP and/or a reduction and BDNF, limits the therapeutic activity of SSRI, our experimental data highlighted the interest to act on various pharmacological targets in the treatment of mood disorders in Human
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Le, Henry Hieu Minh. "Expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor in pichia pastoris." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3613.
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Wounds in the mouth, occurring after oral surgery, take time to heal. No ointment can be added to help with the healing process because mouth saliva will constantly wash it away. In order to combat this problem, we propose engineering a normal flora microbe to grow at the site of injury and secrete a recombinant growth factor to promote healing of the damaged tissue. Our goal is to have the yeast Pichia pastoris produce human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), which aids in cellular proliferation. P. pastoris is a good choice for this application because not only is it considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA, but it is a eukaryote that is able to perform posttranslational modifications and secrete large amounts of recombinant protein.
Previous studies have shown that a strain of P. pastoris can be engineered to express bFGF from a methanol-sensitive promoter. The study also showed that the bFGF, which was purified from the yeast’s extracellular medium, was able to promote the growth of NIH/3T3 cells (mice fibroblasts). Because we needed the P. pastoris to express the bFGF in glucose –based tissue culture medium in the presence of mammalian cells, we expressed the bFGF from the constitutive promoter GAP promoter. Along with optimizing and characterizing expression of bFGF, we also investigated the effect of the recombinant protein on mammalian cell growth using both scratch ad MTS assays. In addition, the effects of the yeast being co-cultured with mammalian cells was studied. Our results provide a basis for how a recombinant protein can be clinically used to improve wound healing in the mouth using a yeast strain to produce and secrete a growth factor at the site of injury.
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Ziegler, Inna. "Posttranslationale Modifikationen der IL-6-Typ-Zytokin-Rezeptoren gp130 und LIFR und ihr Einfluss auf die Assoziation mit Detergenz-resistenten Membranmikrodomänen (DRM)." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:100-opus-3124.
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Toyos, Riera Marcela Alejandra. "Participación de NAD(P)H oxidasa4 y quinasa c-Jun N-terminal en la diferenciación miofibroblástica de fibroblastos mamarios humanos en respuesta al factor de crecimiento transformante-[beta]1." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114020.
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Los tumores de mama pertenecen a un grupo de lesiones neoplásicas denominadas tumores desmoplásicos que, bajo la influencia de ciertos factores epiteliales, originan una estructura estromal rígida responsable de la consistencia dura de la masa tumoral. Este proceso fibrótico ocurre en etapas tempranas de la enfermedad, es controlado por una forma de fibroblastos conocidos como miofibroblastos, o fibroblastos activados, y sus mecanismos son pobremente comprendidos. La activación del tejido estromal es una etapa fundamental en la progresión tumoral, permitiendo tanto la adquisición de propiedades malignas en células epiteliales, como la capacidad invasiva y metastásica. En esta memoria de título estudiamos la miodiferenciación de fibroblastos mamarios no tumorales RMF-EG, frente al estímulo de TGF-β1, secretado por células tumorales y que es abundante en el microambiente tumoral.
Los resultados mostraron que 5ng/mL de TGF-β1 aumentó la expresión de actina α-SMA, marcador de miofibroblastos, y de CTGF, molécula asociada a diversos desórdenes fibróticos. A través del uso del inhibidor DPI y el knock-down de NOX4 demostramos que TGF-β1 promovió un ambiente oxidativo que favoreció la miodiferenciación fibroblástica de células RMF-EG.
Determinamos también que TGF-β1 activó la ruta de señalización JNK1,2 y que esta activación era fundamental para el aumento de la expresión de CTGF, NOX4 y α-SMA. Estudiamos la influencia de la activación de esta ruta alternativa junto con el aumento del tenor oxidativo, sobre la activación de la ruta canónica Smad2,3. Los resultados mostraron que el aumento en la expresión de NOX4 y la fosforilación de JNK1,2 actuaban de manera sinérgica para activar la ruta Smad2,3. En conjunto, estos resultados demuestran que TGF-β1 provoca la miodiferenciación de fibroblastos no tumorales, a través de un mecanismo que requiere de la activación de JNK1,2, el aumento temprano de la expresión de CTGF y NOX4 con un consecuente aumento de los niveles intracelulares de ROS.Memoria para optar al título de Bioquímico
Brest tumors belong to a group of neoplastic lesions known as desmoplastics or scirrhous tumors which, under the influence of tumor cell factors, originate a fibrous structure responsible for the hard consistency of the tumor mass. This fibrotic process occurs during early stages of the disease, it is orchestrated by activated fibroblast i.e. myofibroblast and its mechanisms are poorly understood. Activation of the stromal compartment is a critical step in tumor progression, enabling the epithelial acquisition of malignant properties, such as invasive and metastatic capacities. In the present study, we investigated the myofibroblastic differentiation of normal human mammary fibroblast RMF-EG, induced by TGF-β1, a growth factor secreted by tumor cells and abundant in tumor microenvironment. Our results reveal that a 5ng/mL TGF-β1 stimulus increased the expression of myofibroblast marker α-SMA and CTGF, a molecule associated to several fibrotic disorders. Using a NOX inhibitor (DPI) and a siRNA for NOX4, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 promoted an oxidative environment that favors myofibroblastic differentiation of RMF-EG cells. We also determined that TGF-β1-dependant activation of JNK1,2 was essential for CTGF, NOX4 and α-SMA increased expression. We assessed the influence of JNK1,2 activation and NOX4 activity on canonical Smad2,3 activation. Our results reveal that the TGF-β1-dependant increase of NOX4 expression and JNK1,2 phosphorylation induced a synergical activation of the canonical TGF-β1 pathway, Smad2,3.Taken together, these results demonstrate that TGF-β1 promotes myofibroblastic differentiation of normal fibroblasts RMF-EG through a mechanism that requires JNK1,2 activation, early increase of CTGF and NOX4 expression with a consequent increase of intracellular ROS levels
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Szeto, Daniel Pit Tat. "The role of the bicoid related homeodomain factor, P-OTX, in the development of anterior pituitary gland and limb-type identity /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9904828.
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Jadlowsky, Julie Kendal. "Dual Control of HIV Transcription Elongation: Virus-Specific Negative Control by NELF-E is Counterbalanced by Positive Transcription Factor P-TEFb." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1228234927.
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Campos, Murilo de. "Grau de saturação de fósforo em solos tropicais altamente intemperizados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-16092014-090245/.
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O fósforo (P) é um elemento essencial para o desenvolvimento das plantas e precisa ser suprido em quantidades adequadas para obtenção de altas produtividades das culturas agrícolas. O conteúdo de P no solo e consequente perda deste para as águas superficiais são importantes fatores relacionados a eutrofização de ambientes aquáticos. Nesse trabalho foi obtido o Grau de saturação de P (GSP) em 29 solos tropicais altamente intemperizados e seus valores foram correlacionados com atributos químicos, físicos e mineralógicos dos solos. Antes de calcular o GSP, foram determinados parâmetros como Índice de sorção de P (ISP), Capacidade de sorção de P (CSP) e fator de escala ?. Os solos foram divididos em grupos, e os solos de cada grupo receberam doses diferenciadas de P para obtenção do ISP devido a variação na capacidade de adsorção,. As doses utilizadas foram 200, 500, 1000, 1500 e 3000 mg L-1 de P. Os períodos de reação avaliados foram 1, 3, 7, 21, 42, e 84 d. A porcentagem média de P adsorvida no final do período de contato (84 d) variou de 23% a 49% do P adicionado inicialmente. Os Latossolos, os Gleissolos e os Nitossolos apresentaram os maiores valores de ISP, enquanto os Argissolos e os Neossolos tiveram os menores valores. Os maiores valores foram encontrados nos solos com elevados teores de argila, matéria orgânica (MO) e óxidos cristalinos e mal cristalizados de Fe e de Al. O ISP foi maior no final do período de contato (84 d), o que realça a influência do tempo na adsorção do P. O fator de escala ? e o GSP foram calculados em todos os períodos de contato. Os valores de ? aumentaram e os de GSP diminuíram em função do tempo devido à maior interação do P com o solo. Os menores valores de GSP foram obtidos nos solos com alta capacidade de adsorção de P, ao passo que os maiores valores de GSP foram dos solos com menor capacidade de adsorção. O maior GSP (31%) foi obtido no Neossolo Litólico. O valor limite de GSP considerado nesse trabalho foi 23%. As relações entre GSP, CSP, ISP e alguns atributos dos solos foram abordadas por meio da análise de componentes principais. Com o agrupamento de todos os solos, os teores de óxido mal cristalizado de alumínio (Alox), argila, MO e de óxido cristalino de alumínio (AlDCB) foram os que melhor se correlacionaram com o ISP e a CSP. Avaliando somente os Latossolos, os teores de argila e de óxidos cristalinos e mal cristalizados de ferro e de alumínio (Feox, FeDCB, AlDCB e Alox) representaram os componentes principais ligados à adsorção de P. Com a adição dos demais solos, os teores de fósforo extraídos por solução ácida de oxalato de amônio (Pox), Alox, argila e MO formaram os componentes principais para ISP e CSP. O GSP não correlacionou significativamente com nenhum dos atributos. A partir do dendograma, os solos foram separados em dois grupos. O grupo I foi composto por solos pouco suscetíveis a perdas de P em função dos valores de CSP e de GSP. Já o grupo II reuniu os solos mais suscetíveis. Equações de regressão linear múltipla foram utilizadas na predição do ISP e CSP e duas delas obtiveram um alto coeficiente de determinação (R2 = 0,94 para ambas), podendo ser utilizadas para estimar a CSP e o ISP nos solos.Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth and must be supplied in adequate quantities to the growers obtain high yields of agricultural crops. The content of P in the soil and its loss to surface water are important factors related to eutrophication of aquatic environments. In this study, we obtained the degree of P saturation (DPS) in 29 highly weathered tropical soils, and their values were correlated with chemical, physical and mineralogical soil attributes. Before calculating the DPS, parameters such as P sorption index (PSI), P sorption capacity (PSC) and the scaling factor ? were obtained. Because of the variation in the soils` ability to adsorb P, they were divided into groups, and the soils from each group received different P rates for obtaining the PSI. The rates were 200, 500, 1000, 1500 and 3000 mg L-1 of P. The periods of reaction evaluated were 1, 3, 7, 21, 42, and 84 d. The average percentage of P adsorbed at the end of the contact period (84 d) ranged from 23% to 49% of P added initially. The Oxisols, the Gleysols and the Alfisols showed the highest values of PSI, while the Ultisols and Entisols had the lowest values. The highest values were found in soils with high clay contents of organic matter (OM) and crystalline and poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides. ISP was higher at the end of the contact period (84 d), which highlights the influence of weathering on P adsorption by soils. The scale factor ? and the DPS were calculated for all periods of contact. The values of ? increased while DPS decreased as a function of time because of the greater interaction of P with the soil. The lowest values of GSP were obtained in soils with high P adsorption capacity, whereas the highest values of DPS were obtained in soils with lower adsorption capacity. The largest DPS (31%) was obtained in the Typic Udorthent. The limit value of DPS considered in this study was 23%. Correlations between DPS, PSC, PSI and some soil attributes were addressed by principal component analysis. By grouping all soils, the levels of poorly crystalline aluminum (Alox), clay, OM and crystalline aluminum oxide (AlDCB) were the atributes best correlated with both PSI and PSC. When evaluating only the Oxisols, it was observed that the contents of clay and crystalline and poorly crystalline iron and aluminum oxides (Feox, FeDCB, AlDCB and Alox) represented the main components related to the adsorption of P. When the other soils were added, the contents of P extracted by an acid ammonium oxalate solution (Pox), Alox, MO and clay composed the main components for PSC and PSI. DPS did not correlate significantly with any of the attributes. From the dendrogram, the soils were separated into two groups: group I, consisted of soils with little susceptiblity to P loss based on the PSC and DPS, and group II, that met the more susceptible soils for P losses. Multiple linear regression equations were used to predict PSI and PSC, and two of them had a high determination coefficient (R2 = 0.94 for both). So, they can be used to estimate the PSC and PSI at the soils.
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Silva, Brunno Santos de Freitas. "Avaliação da expressão das proteínas Twist, Caderina-E, e p-Akt nos eventos que regem a progressão do carcinoma epidermóide oral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23141/tde-07112011-095810/.
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A carcinogênese oral é um processo multifásico, onde componentes genéticos levam a desregulação de vias de sinalização celular que controlam funções celulares básicas, como divisão, diferenciação e morte celular. Uma das maneiras de compreender a natureza biológica dos cânceres, além do curso clínico, é através do entendimento do processo de progressão e metástase destas neoplasias. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a participação da proteína Twist no desenvolvimento e progressão dos carcinomas epidermóides orais. Com tal proposta, também foi avaliada a participação das proteínas caderina-E e p-Akt, e sua possível interação com Twist no processo de carcinogênese oral. O trabalho em questão analisou a expressão imuno-histoquímica destas proteínas em 30 espécimes de displasia oral, 20 de carcinoma epidermóide oral e 10 de mucosa oral normal, e avaliou também a possível inter-relação dessas proteínas em linhagens derivadas de carcinoma epidermóide de cabeça e pescoço por meio dos ensaios de Western Blotting e imunofluorescência. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram uma relação inversamente proporcional entre Twist e caderina-E desde os estágios mais precoces da carcinogênese oral. Tal afirmação baseou-se na presença de diferenças significantes entre a expressão imuno-histoquímica de Twist e Caderina-E na amostras de epitélio oral, epitélio displásico e nos espécimes de carcinoma epidermóide oral. Adicionalmente, foi observada a relação inversa entre Twist e a Caderina-E nas linhagens de carcinoma epidermóide de cabeça e pescoço, sendo este evento constatado pelo decréscimo nos níveis protéicos da Caderina-E frente a uma elevação de Twist. Estes resultados sugerem um importante papel de Twist na progressão do carcinoma epidermóide oral, e juntamente com a Caderina-E, pode representar um relevante marcador biológico do câncer oral.The oral carcinogenesis is a multi-stage process, where genetic components leads to deregulation of cell signaling pathways that control basic cellular functions such as division, differentiation and cell death. One way to understand the biological nature of cancers, besides the clinical course, is through understanding the process of progression and metastasis of these neoplasms. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Twist protein in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinomas. With this proposal, was also evaluated the involvement of E-cadherin and p-Akt proteins, and its possible interaction with Twist in the process of oral carcinogenesis. The work in question examined the immunohistochemical expression of these proteins in 30 specimens of oral dysplasia, 20 oral squamous cell carcinoma and 10 normal oral mucosa, and also evaluated the possible interrelationship of these proteins in lines derived from squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck by means of Western blotting assays and immunofluorescence. The results of this study showed an inverse relationship between Twist and E-cadherin since the earliest stages of oral carcinogenesis. These results were based on the presence of significant differences between the immunohistochemical expression of Twist and ECadherin in samples of oral epithelium, dysplastic epithelium and in specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, we observed the inverse relationship between Twist and E-Cadherin in the lines of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; this event was evidenced by the decrease in protein levels of E-Cadherin forward to a high of Twist. These results suggest an important role of Twist in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and along with E-cadherin may represent a relevant biomarker of oral cancer.
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Ude, Susanne Caroline Margarethe. "The role of elongation factor EF-P in translation and in copy number control of the transcriptional regulator CadC in Escherichia coli." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-163090.
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Enterobacteria have evolved several strategies to survive the acidic environment of the gastrointestinal tract. One of the acid stress resistance systems is the Cad system in Escherichia coli, which is induced by low pH and in the presence of external lysine. It consists of CadA, which catalyzes the decarboxylation of lysine to cadaverine, the lysine/cadaverine antiporter CadB and the pH sensing transcriptional regulator CadC. Moreover, the lysine permease LysP inhibits the induction of cadBA expression when lysine is absent, and the small histon-like molecule H-NS acts as repressor for both cadBA and cadC transcription. Additionally, a random mutagenesis approach revealed that a deletion in yjeK leads to highly reduced cadaverine production. YjeK acts as 2,3-lysine aminomutase (LAM) while catalyzing the isomerization of (S)-α-lysine to (R)-β-lysine. The truncated lysyl-tRNA synthetase YjeA uses (R)-β-lysine as substrate to post-translationally modify and to activate the translation elongation factor EF-P at a conserved lysine residue (K34). EF-P and its ortholog eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) have been investigated for more than thirty years, but their roles in translation remained enigmatic.
In this work the role of active EF-P in the Cad system was investigated in more detail. Reduced cadBA expression in ΔyjeA, ΔyjeK642-1029 and Δefp mutants was linked to impaired CadC translation. As the translation of cadA and cadB was EF-P independent, a general role of EF-P in translation could be excluded.
The identification of CadC as first direct target for EF-P in E. coli allowed further investigations on the role of EF-P in translation. Determining the β-galactosidase activities of CadC´-LacZ translational fusions of increasing CadC length in efp- and efp+ cells revealed that EF-P is required for translation of the sequence found between codon 108 and 158 in cadC. This region comprises a cluster of three consecutive prolines (Pro120-Pro121-Pro122). Substitution of these prolines by alanines diminished EF-P dependency. Remarkably, cells harboring the CadC-PPPIP/AAAIS variant revealed cadBA expression even under non-inducing conditions. Thus, EF-P tightly controls the CadC copy number, which is crucial for stress dependent regulation of the Cad system.
In order to investigate the work mechanism of EF-P in more detail, EF-P independent CadC´-LacZ hybrids were employed to artificially introduce prolines. Three consecutive prolines were sufficient for EF-P dependency, regardless of the codon or the context. The proline-rich proteins AmiB, FlhC, Flk, NlpD, RzoR, TonB and UvrB also showed EF-P dependent expression. Thus, the recognition of three consecutive prolines by EF-P is a general mechanism and not limited to CadC. Dr. Agata Starosta of the group of Dr. Daniel Wilson (Gene Center, LMU Munich) confirmed ribosomal stalling at polyproline-stretches in samples lacking EF-P with in vitro translation assays.
Finally it was investigated, if EF-P expression and modification could be stress-dependently regulated. In this work first hints are given that the efp promoter contains a repressor site, and that expression of yjeA and yjeK is dependent on the pH of the medium and the presence of the small RNA binding protein Hfq. This leads to the suggestion that small regulatory RNAs are also involved in regulation of the EF-P modification enzymes.
In conclusion, the results obtained in this work reveal a new regulatory mechanism by EF-P dependent translation. 100-1000´s of polyproline rich proteins exist in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Therefore, EF-P and its orthologs aIF5A and eIF5A most likely play an important role in the adjustment of copy numbers of proteins with different functions in all kingdoms of life.
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Kumari, Vandana [Verfasser], A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Radbruch, M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Worm, and P. [Akademischer Betreuer] Franken. "Mechanisms underlying the regulatory function of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in skin inflammation / Vandana Kumari. Gutachter: A. Radbruch ; M. Worm ; P. Franken." Berlin : Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1081211180/34.
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Oliveira, Kellen de Sousa. "Mecanismo de transdução de sinal na próstata de cão : avaliação nas vias da p-ERK1/2 e da CYR61 /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105945.
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Resumo: O aumento da glândula prostática canina com o envelhecimento pode ser decorrente de uma proliferação excessiva do estroma e epitélio acinar, uma diminuição na taxa de apoptose, entre outros. Esses processos celulares são mediados por hormônios, fatores de crescimento e proteínas, dentre elas podemos citar as proteínas CYR61 e p-ERK1/2 e os fatores de crescimento EGF, TGF- e EGFr. Próstatas originadas de 29 cães, com pesos variando entre 6 a 40 kg, foram retiradas, lavadas e pesadas e o volume medido, os valores variaram em 3,8 a 130 g e 2,4 a 90 cm3 respectivamente. Dos fragmentos avaliados 55,17% apresentaram diagnóstico de HPB-ep e 5,75% apresentaram diagnóstico normal. Exames de IHQ foram realizados e para a proteína CYR61 houve uma forte imunorreatividade nas FML, MLA e núcleo das células epiteliais dos fragmentos avaliados. Houve diferenças estatísticas entre grupos de HPB quanto a fração da área de marcação, no exame de W.B. a proteína teve como peso molecular médio 37,72 kDa. Quanto ao EGF houve uma predominância de marcação na FML e núcleo das células epiteliais, os pesos moleculares médio deste fator de crescimento foi de 47,03 e 41,65 kDa nos fragmentos prostáticos avaliados. O TGF- teve imunorreatividade nas FML e citoplasma das células epiteliais, e no exame de W.B. houve 2 bandas de pesos moleculares médios de 52,23 e 38,88 kDa. O receptor de membrana EGFr apresentou imunorreatividade nas FML e núcleo das células epiteliais, no W.B. houve apenas uma banda visível de peso molecular médio de 48,49 kDa. A proteína p-ERK1/2 esteve predominante nas FML e núcleo das células e no W.B. apresentou 3 bandas de pesos moleculares médios de 42,61; 39,56 e 37,26 kDa. Houve correlação positiva entre as proteínas e os fatores de crescimento.Abstract: The canine prostate gland enlargement also aging could be resulting of excessive stroma and acinar epithelium proliferation, reduced apoptosis, among other. These cellular mechanisms are mediated by hormones, growth factors and proteins, like the proteins CYR61 and p-ERK1/2 and the growth factors EGF, TGF- e EGFr. Prostate from 29 dogs, weighing 6 to 40 kg, were collected, washed, wheighed and volume was measured, with average from 3,8 to 130 g and 2,4 to 90 cm3 respectively. Approximately 55,17% of samples were diagnosed with HPB-ep and 5,75% were normal. IHQ exams were accomplished and high CYR61 immunoreactivity in SMF, ASM and epithelial cells nucleus was observed. There were statistical differences between BHP groups related to immunoreactivity area, by means of W. B. and the mean molecular weight was 37,72 kDa. By analyzing EGF, immunoreactivity in SMF epithelial cells nucleus was prevalent, the mean molecular weights was 47,03 41,65 kDa. TGF- presented immunoreactivity in SMF and epithelial cells cytoplasm and W.B. showed two bands with mean weight 52,23 and 38,88 kDa. The EGFr membrane receptor presented immunoreactivity in SMF and epithelial cells nucleus, W.B. showed only one visible band with mean molecular weight 48,49 kDa. The p-ERK1/2 protein was prevalent in SMF and cell nucleus, W.B. showed three bands with mean molecular weights 42, 61; 39,56 and 37,26 kDa. There was positive correlation between proteins and growth factors.
Orientador: Gilson Hélio Toniollo
Coorientadora: Renée Laufer Amorin
Coorientador: José Félix Pérez Gutiérrez
Banca: Rosangela Zacarias Machado
Banca: Mirela Tinucci Costa
Banca: Eugênio Gonçalves de Araújo
Banca: Sebastião Roberto Taboga
Doutor
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Gratz, Regina [Verfasser], Petra [Gutachter] Bauer, and Andreas P. M. [Gutachter] Weber. "FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) activity is controlled by protein phosphorylation. / Regina Gratz ; Gutachter: Petra Bauer, Andreas P. M. Weber." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185754504/34.
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Oliveira, Kellen de Sousa [UNESP]. "Mecanismo de transdução de sinal na próstata de cão: avaliação nas vias da p-ERK1/2 e da CYR61." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105945.
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oliveira_ks_dr_jabo.pdf: 9693100 bytes, checksum: cbce02641faf86a0db97373d5c457eff (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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O aumento da glândula prostática canina com o envelhecimento pode ser decorrente de uma proliferação excessiva do estroma e epitélio acinar, uma diminuição na taxa de apoptose, entre outros. Esses processos celulares são mediados por hormônios, fatores de crescimento e proteínas, dentre elas podemos citar as proteínas CYR61 e p-ERK1/2 e os fatores de crescimento EGF, TGF- e EGFr. Próstatas originadas de 29 cães, com pesos variando entre 6 a 40 kg, foram retiradas, lavadas e pesadas e o volume medido, os valores variaram em 3,8 a 130 g e 2,4 a 90 cm3 respectivamente. Dos fragmentos avaliados 55,17% apresentaram diagnóstico de HPB-ep e 5,75% apresentaram diagnóstico normal. Exames de IHQ foram realizados e para a proteína CYR61 houve uma forte imunorreatividade nas FML, MLA e núcleo das células epiteliais dos fragmentos avaliados. Houve diferenças estatísticas entre grupos de HPB quanto a fração da área de marcação, no exame de W.B. a proteína teve como peso molecular médio 37,72 kDa. Quanto ao EGF houve uma predominância de marcação na FML e núcleo das células epiteliais, os pesos moleculares médio deste fator de crescimento foi de 47,03 e 41,65 kDa nos fragmentos prostáticos avaliados. O TGF- teve imunorreatividade nas FML e citoplasma das células epiteliais, e no exame de W.B. houve 2 bandas de pesos moleculares médios de 52,23 e 38,88 kDa. O receptor de membrana EGFr apresentou imunorreatividade nas FML e núcleo das células epiteliais, no W.B. houve apenas uma banda visível de peso molecular médio de 48,49 kDa. A proteína p-ERK1/2 esteve predominante nas FML e núcleo das células e no W.B. apresentou 3 bandas de pesos moleculares médios de 42,61; 39,56 e 37,26 kDa. Houve correlação positiva entre as proteínas e os fatores de crescimento.
The canine prostate gland enlargement also aging could be resulting of excessive stroma and acinar epithelium proliferation, reduced apoptosis, among other. These cellular mechanisms are mediated by hormones, growth factors and proteins, like the proteins CYR61 and p-ERK1/2 and the growth factors EGF, TGF- e EGFr. Prostate from 29 dogs, weighing 6 to 40 kg, were collected, washed, wheighed and volume was measured, with average from 3,8 to 130 g and 2,4 to 90 cm3 respectively. Approximately 55,17% of samples were diagnosed with HPB-ep and 5,75% were normal. IHQ exams were accomplished and high CYR61 immunoreactivity in SMF, ASM and epithelial cells nucleus was observed. There were statistical differences between BHP groups related to immunoreactivity area, by means of W. B. and the mean molecular weight was 37,72 kDa. By analyzing EGF, immunoreactivity in SMF epithelial cells nucleus was prevalent, the mean molecular weights was 47,03 41,65 kDa. TGF- presented immunoreactivity in SMF and epithelial cells cytoplasm and W.B. showed two bands with mean weight 52,23 and 38,88 kDa. The EGFr membrane receptor presented immunoreactivity in SMF and epithelial cells nucleus, W.B. showed only one visible band with mean molecular weight 48,49 kDa. The p-ERK1/2 protein was prevalent in SMF and cell nucleus, W.B. showed three bands with mean molecular weights 42, 61; 39,56 and 37,26 kDa. There was positive correlation between proteins and growth factors.
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KAVTARADZE, LASHA. "DINAMICS AND LATENT VARIABLES IN APPLIED MACROECONOMICS." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/16793.
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La tesi di dottorato, composta da tre capitoli, si concentra sulla valutazione delle dinamiche di inflazione in Georgia e sulla previsione dei tassi di cambio nominali per i Paesi della European Eastern Partnership attraverso l’utilizzo di moderne tecniche econometriche. Nel primo capitolo, abbiamo svolto un’indagine sui modelli di previsione dei tassi di cambio e dell’inflazione. Questa indagine rivela che i modelli “factor-based and time-varying parameter” generano migliori previsioni rispetto ad altri modelli.
Nel secondo capitolo, abbiamo approfondito le dinamiche di inflazione in Georgia utilizzando la New Keynesian Phillips Curve ibrida, inserita all’interno di un quadro di un modello “time-varying parameter (TVP)”. Una stima del modello TVP con volatilità stocastica mostra la persistenza di un’inflazione bassa durante il periodo 1996-2012. Un’analisi più approfondita dal 2003 mostra una volatilità crescente dell’inflazione. Inoltre, le stime del parametro evidenziano che la componente forward-looking del modello è importante a seguito dell’adozione di inflation targeting da parte della NBG a partire dal 2009.
Nel terzo capitolo, abbiamo costruito dei modelli fattoriali, “Factor Vector Autoregressive” per prevedere i tassi di cambio nominali per i Paesi dell’European Eastern Partnership. Questi modelli prevedono meglio i tassi di cambio nominali rispetto ad un processo naïve come il random walk.The Ph.D. thesis consist of three chapters on evaluating inflation dynamics in Georgia and modeling and forecasting nominal exchange rates for the European Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries using modern applied econometric techniques. In the first chapter, we survey of models those produce high predictive powers for forecasting exchange rates and inflation. This survey reveals that the factor-based and time-varying parameter (TVP) models generate superior forecasts relative to all other models. In the second chapter, we study inflation dynamics in Georgia using a hybrid New Keynesian Phillips Curve (NKPC) nested within a time-varying parameter (TVP) framework. Estimation of a TVP model with stochastic volatility shows low inflation persistence over the entire time span (1996-2012), while revealing increasing volatility of inflation shocks since 2003. Moreover, parameter estimates point to the forward-looking component of the model gaining importance following the National Bank of Georgia (NBG) adoption of inflation targeting in 2009. In the third chapter, we construct Factor Vector Autoregressive (FVAR) models to forecast nominal exchange rates for the EaP countries. This study provides better forecasts of nominal exchange rates than those produced by the random walk process.
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Frister, Jan Ole [Verfasser], Marina [Akademischer Betreuer] Rodnina, Kai [Gutachter] Tittmann, Holger [Gutachter] Stark, Ralf [Gutachter] Ficner, and Henning [Gutachter] Urlaub. "Recognition Elements for Elongation Factor P on the Ribosome / Jan Ole Frister ; Gutachter: Kai Tittmann, Holger Stark, Ralf Ficner, Henning Urlaub ; Betreuer: Marina Rodnina." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200634187/34.
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Junior, Orli Camargo. "Fator-S astrofísico da reação de captura de próton 8Li(p,)9Be através do estudo da reação de transferência elástica 9Be(8Li,9Be)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-11052009-111104/.
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Esse trabalho consistiu na determinação do Fator-S astrofísico da reação de captura 8Li(p,)9Be através do estudo da reação de transferência elástica 9Be(8Li,9Be)8Li. O fator espectroscópico do estado ligado 8Li+p=9Be, obtido à partir das medidas da distribuição angular da reação de transferência 9Be(8Li,9Be)8Li, foi utilizado para normalizar a seção de choque da reação de captura 8Li(p,)9Be, e conseqüentemente obter seu Fator-S. As medidas da distribuição angular da reação 9Be(8Li,9Be) foram realizadas no Nuclear Structure Laboratory, que fica localizado na University of Notre Dame no estado de Indiana nos Estados Unidos da América. Para essas medidas utilizamos um feixe primário de 7Li acelerado a uma energia de 30, 0MeV pelo FN Tandem Van der Graaff Accelerator para produzir o feixe de 8Li. O feixe de 8Li foi produzido pelo sistema TWINSOL a uma energia de 27, 7MeV através da reação de troca de nêutron 9Be(7Li,8Li). O sistema de detecção utilizado consistia de detectores de silício montados na forma de telescópios E-E. As seções de choque das distribuições angulares de espalhamento elástico, 9Be(8Li,8Li)9Be, e transferência, 9Be(8Li,9Be)8Li, foram obtidas entre os Ângulos 15o e 50o (no referencial de laboratório). O fator espectroscópico do estado ligado 8Li+p=9Be foi obtido à partir de cálculos de DWBA (Distorted-Wave Born Approximation) utilizando o código FRESCO. O fator espectroscópico obtido para o estado ligado 8Li+p=9Begs foi SF9Begs=1,63(29), e o valor da profundidade do poço do potencial do estado contínuo 8Li+p obtido foi V 8Li+p 0 =40, 13±1, 63MeV. Com esses parâmetros calculamos o Fator-S para a reação de captura 8Li(p,)9Begs. Também calculamos o valor da taxa de reação para a reação de captura 8Li(p,)9Begs e obtivemos o valor de hi = 0, 583+0,1570,135 × 103 cm3mol1s1 para uma temperatura T9=1.This work consisted on determinating the astrophysical S-Factor for the capture reaction 8Li(p,)9Be using the elastic-transfer reaction 9Be(8Li,9Be)8Li. The spectroscopic factor for the bound state 8Li+p=9Be, obtained by the study of the angular distribution measurements for the transfer reaction 9Be(8Li,9Be)8Li, was used to normalize the capture reaction cross section 8Li(p,)9Be, and than to obtain the S-Factor. The angular distribution measurements for the reaction 9Be(8Li,9Be) was performed at the Nuclear Structure Laboratory at the University of Notre Dame in the state of Indiana, United States of America. For the measurements we used a 7Li primary beam accelerated to an energy of 30.0MeV by the FN Tandem Van der Graaff Accelerator to produce a 8Li. The 8Li beam was produced using the TWINSOL system at an energy of 27.7MeV using the neutron-transfer reaction 9Be(7Li,8Li). For the detection system we used silicon detectors assembled in E-E telescopes. The angular distributions of the cross sections for the elastic scattering reaction, 9Be(8Li,8Li)9Be, and the transfer reaction, 9Be(8Li,9Be)8Li, were measured from 15o to 50o (at laboratory referencial). The spectroscopic factor for the bound state 8Li+p=9Be was obtained from DWBA (Distorted-Wave Born Approximation) calculations using the FRESCO computer code. The spectroscopic factor obtained for the bound state 8Li+p=9Begs was SF9Begs=1.63(29), and the potential depth obtained for the continuum state 8Li+p was V 8Li+p 0 =40.13±1.63MeV. Using these two parameters we calculated the astrophysical S-Factor for the capture reaction 8Li(p,)9Begs. We also calculated the reaction rate for the capture reaction 8Li(p,)9Begs and obtained its value as hi = 0.583+0.157 0.135 × 103 cm3mol1s1 for the T9=1 temperature.
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Li, Shuang. "Muon production from heavy-flavour hadron decays in p-Pb and pp collisions with ALICE at the CERN-LHC." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22602/document.
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Les collisions d’ions lourds au LHC permettent l’étude des propriétés de la matière nucléaire soumise à des conditions extrêmes de température et densité d’énergie où on assisterait à la formation du Plasma de Quarks et Gluons (QGP). La mesure des saveurs lourdes ouvertes (charme et beauté) est particulièrement intéressante pour l’étude des propriétés du QGP. L’étude des collisions d’ions lourds au LHC nécessite aussi la mesure des collisions pp et p–Pb. Les collisions p-Pb permettent en particulier d’étudier les effets nucléaire froids et d’interpréter les effets nucléaires chauds observés dans les collisions Pb–Pb. Cette thèse est dédiée à l’étude de la production des saveurs lourdes ouvertes via les muons simples dans les collisions p–Pb à √8NN = 5.02 TeV aux rapidités avant et arrière avec le détecteur ALICE au LHC. La référence pp est estimée à partir des mesures pp à √8 = 2.76 TeV et 7 TeV et utilisant des calculs pQCD pour l’extrapolation à √8 = 5.02 TeV. Les mesures du facteur de modification nucléaire (RpPb) et du rapport des sections efficaces aux rapidités avant et arrière indiquent que les effets nucléaires froids sont faibles sur tout le domaine en impulsion transverse (pT) aux rapidités avant (RpPb ≈ 1). Aux rapidités arrière, le facteur de modification nucléaire est sensiblement plus grand que un dans la région 2 < pT < 4 GeV/c. Les résultats confirment que la forte suppression des taux de production des muons issus du charme et de la beauté mesurée dans les collisions centrales Pb–Pb est due au milieu dense et chaud. Le facteur de modification nucléaire et le rapport des sections efficaces aux rapidités avant et arrière sont aussi mesurés en fonction de la centralité dans les collisions p-Pb. Le facteur de modification nucléaire reste compatible avec l’unité à grand pT dans les collisions centralesThe LHC heavy-ion physics program aims at investigating the properties of strongly-interacting matter in extreme conditions of temperature and energy density where the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) is formed. In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, heavy quarks (charm and beauty) are regarded as efficient probes of the properties of the QGP. The heavy-ion physics program requires also the study of proton-proton (pp) and proton-nucleus (p–Pb) collisions. The study of p–Pb collisions is used to investigate cold nuclear matter effects and to validate and quantify hot nuclear matter effects which are observed in nucleus-nucleus (Pb–Pb) collisions. This thesis work is devoted to the study of open heavy-flavour production at forward and backward rapidity via single muons in p–Pb collisions at √8NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The pp reference using available measurements at 2.76 and 7 TeV and a pQCD-driven method for the scaling to 5.02 TeV is estimated. The measurements of the nuclear modification factor (RpPb) at forward and backward rapidity and forward-to-backward ratio in p–Pb collisions, indicate that cold nuclear matter effects are small over the whole transverse momentum (pT) region at forward rapidity (RpPb compatible with unity within uncertainties). In the backward rapidity, the nuclear modification factor deviates from unity in the intermediate pT region (2 < pT < 4 GeV/c). These results confirm that the strong suppression measured at high pT in central Pb–Pb collisions is due to final-state effects induced by the hot and dense nuclear medium. The results of the nuclear modification factor and forward-to-backward ratio as a function of centrality in p–Pb collisions are discussed. Even in central collisions, the nuclear modification factor is compatible with unity at high pT
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Fong, Gloria. "Influence of neuromodulators and mechanical loading on pathological cell and tissue characteristics in tendinosis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131390.
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Background: Tendinosis is a painful chronic, degenerative condition characterized by objective changes in the tissue structure of a tendon. Hallmark features in tendinosis tendons include increased number of cells (hypercellularity), extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and disorganized collagen. The progression of these pathological changes seen in tendinosis is neither well characterized nor fully understood. Studies have suggested that there are biochemical and mechanical elements involved in tendinosis. From a biochemical perspective, studies have shown that the tendon cells, tenocytes, produce a number of neuronal signal substances/neuromodulators, such as substance P (SP) and acetylcholine (ACh), traditionally thought to be confined to the nervous system. Furthermore, it has been shown that the expression of these neuromodulators is elevated in tendinosis tendons as compared to normal healthy tendons. Interestingly, studies on other tissue types have revealed that both SP and ACh can induce tissue changes seen in tendinosis, such as hypercellularity and collagen disorganization. From a mechanical angle, it has been suggested that overload of tendons, including extensive strain on the primary tendon cells (tenocytes), causes the degenerative processes associated with tendinosis. In vivo studies have shown that in overloaded tendons, the presence of neuromodulators is elevated, not least SP, which also precedes the development of the tissue changes seen in tendinosis. This further supports the importance of combining biochemical factors and mechanical factors in the pathogenesis of tendinosis. Hypotheses: In this thesis project, we hypothesize: 1) that neuromodulators, such as SP and ACh when stimulating their preferred receptors, the neurokinin 1 (NK-1 R) and muscarinic receptors (mAChRs), respectively, can cause increased tenocyte proliferation; 2) that the effects of SP and ACh on tenocyte proliferation converge mechanistically via a shared signalling pathway; 3) that mechanical loading of tenocytes results in increased production of SP by the tenocytes; and 4) that SP enhances collagen remodelling by tenocytes via NK-1 R. Model system: In vitro studies offer insight into the function of healthy tendon matrix and the etiology of tendinopathy. Using a cell culture model of human primary tendon cells, highly controlled experiments were performed in this thesis project to study a subset of biological and mechanical parameters that are implicated in tendinosis. The FlexCell® Tension System was used to study the influence of mechanical loading on tenocytes. As well, a collagen gel contraction assay was used to examine the intrinsic ability of tenocytes to reorganise type I collagen matrices under the influence of the neuromodulator SP. Results: The studies showed that exogenous administration of SP and ACh results in increased tenocyte proliferation that is mediated via activation of the ERK1/2 mitogenic pathway when the preferred receptors of SP and ACh, the NK-1 R and mAChRs, respectively, are stimulated. Furthermore, the studies resulted in the novel finding that SP and ACh both converge mechanistically via transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and that a negative feedback mechanism is present in which TGF-β1 downregulates the expression of mAChRs and NK-1 R. The studies also showed that SP can increase collagen remodelling and upregulate expression of genes related to tendinosis. Finally, it was established that tenocytes are mechanoresponsive by showing that cyclic mechanical loading increases the expression of SP by human tenocytes. Conclusions: This thesis work concludes that stimulation of NK-1 R and mAChRs results in proliferation of human tenocytes, which both involve the ERK1/2 signalling pathway. It also shows that SP and ACh converge mechanistically via TGF-β1 in their contribution to tenocyte proliferation. The role of hypercellularity in tendinosis tissue is unknown. Possibly, it has different roles at different stages of the disease. The findings also show that SP increases collagen remodelling, suggesting that increased SP not only results in hypercellularity but also contributes to the collagen morphology in tendinosis.
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Dörfel, Lili Klara [Verfasser], Marina [Akademischer Betreuer] Rodnina, Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Neumann, Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Stark, Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Ficner, Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Konrad, and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Bohnsack. "Function of Elongation Factor P in Translation / Lili Klara Dörfel. Betreuer: Marina Rodnina. Gutachter: Marina Rodnina ; Heinz Neumann ; Holger Stark ; Ralf Ficner ; Manfred Konrad ; Markus Bohnsack." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1098530918/34.
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