To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: P15.
Journal articles on the topic 'P15'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'P15.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
محمد عبد الرزاق الصوفي, إحسان هادي عبيد, and زينب خضير عباس. "تقييم جودة تعبئة المواد الغذائية بوساطة الاكياس البلاستيكية المرنة." Journal of the College of Basic Education 29, no. 120 (September 22, 2023): 466–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v29i120.10782.
Full textAbstract:
جرى تحديد كفاءة تعبئة 20 انموذجا من المواد الغذائية المعبأة في اكياس بلاستيكية مرنة والمتوافرة في اسواق مدينة بغداد، واشارت النتائج الى عدم وجود رقم الوجبة في النماذج P2، P3، P4، P7، P9، P19 وP20 وانها غير واضحة في الانموذج P1، كما يلاحظ اختلاف مدة الصلاحية للنماذج وعدم مطابقة بعضها لمدة الصلاحية التي نصت عليها المواصفات القياسية العراقية 1847 لسنة (2012)، اذ انها كانت 6 اشهر في النماذج P1 وP2، بينما كانت 24 شهرا في الانموذج P5 وكانت 12 شهرا في الانموذج P18 ولم تكن واضحة في الانموذج P7 وانما استعيض عنها بعبارة (صالحة للاستهلاك لمدة خمس سنوات من تاريخ الانتاج)، وبينت نتائج فحص التسرب للمواد الغذائية المعبأة بالأكياس البلاستيكية المرنة تبين وجود تسرب في النماذج P1، P2، P6، P7، P14 وP19، وان نتائج فحص اللحام بينت فشل النماذج P3، P4، P5، P15، وP16 وP17، بينما بلغت 611، 428، 223، 515، 326، 187، 288 و440 ملي بار للنماذج P8، P9، P10، P11، P12، P13، P18 وP20 على التوالي، في حين كان سمك الغلاف 0.048، 0.096، 0.093، 0.069، 0.088، 0.106، 0.110، 0.487، 0.142، 0.135، 0.136، 0.059، 0.099، 0.113، 0.081، 0.083، 0.063، 0.083، 0.127 و 0.094 مايكرومتر للنماذج P1، P2، P3، P4، P5، P6، P7، P8، P9، P10، P11، P12، P13، P14، P15، P16، P17، P18، P19، P20 على التوالي.
2
Handayani, Heni Yuli. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Pencak Silat Course Process in STKIP PGRI Bangkalan." STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 1611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.508.
Full textAbstract:
The data collection technique used in this study was a survey technique in the form of a questionnaire using google forms. Descriptive test shows that students agree with the percentage of P1 83.3%, P2 80%, P3 80%, P4 90%, P5 90%, P6 83.3%, P7 76.7%, P8 86.7%, P9 83.3%, P10 80%, P11 83.3 %, P12 86.7%, P13 83.3%, P14 80%, P15 83.3%, P16 80%, P17 80%, P18 83.3%, P19 80%, P20 90%. The results of this study indicate that the majority of students agree that COVID-19 has an impact on the pencak silat lecture process, besides that there are also several obstacles experienced by students in the process of lecturing online pencak silat courses. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that CIVID-19 has an impact on the learning process of the STKIP PGRI Bangkalan pencak silat course
3
Azizah, A. N., E. Yuniastuti, Nandariyah, Supriyono, and I. I. S. Putri. "Morphological characterization of pachira (Pachira aquatica Aubl.)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 905, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012044.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pachira is one of the plants that have a fairly high and promising selling value. Characterization of morphological properties is important so that the pachira (Pachira aquatica Aubl.) germplasm is more efficient. This study aims to study and characterize diversity and kinship in order to obtain information about the characteristics of pachira groupings. Pachira’s characterization includes qualitative and quantitative characters. Analysis of kinship using the UPGMA method. The results showed that the level of diversity in the morphological characters of pachira 3 districts in East Java reached 0.33. The results of the kinship analysis obtained 4 clusters with a coefficient of 0.74. Group A consisted of samples P1, P3, P15, P4, and P12. Group B consisted of samples P2, P8, P7, P11, P5, P9, P18, P13. Group C consisted of samples P6, P10, and P14. Group D consisted of P16 and P17. The level of diversity of pachira morphological characters reached 0.33.
4
Nabila, Ferhiyan, Chomsin Sulistya Widodo, and Didik Rahadi Santoso. "Electrical Impedance Spectroscopic Analysis on Whole Blood Cells to Correlate Severity Level of Ischemic Stroke Patients." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 11 (November 25, 2023): 9859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.5443.
Full textAbstract:
Measuring the impedance value of biological materials in the form of blood samples has been widely used to determine a person's health status. Ischemic stroke patients in terms of impedance values and correlates with morphological tests on changes in red blood cells. The Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) method is applied by providing a blood sample which is detected by electrodes and read using a BIA tool set so that the results are obtained on a laptop. The results obtained from the EIS test are in the form of Bode graphs, Bode phase graphs, Nyquist graphs, and impedance values. The EIS method uses a frequency of 100 Hz to 100 kHz by injecting a current of 10 μA. In this study, the impedance value obtained for normal people was 1058 Ω to 709 Ω, while for ischemic stroke patients with various levels of condition, it was from 517 Ω to 761 Ω. When counting the number of morphological cells in the patient's blood, changes were found ranging from the most cell changes to the least, namely with a value of 44% to 19%. The severity level of ischemic stroke patients obtained based on impedance tests and morphological tests includes the order P4, P5, P3, P2, P10, P21, P15, P19, P1, P6, P13, P18, P14, P17, P16, P20, P12, P11, P8, P7, P9.
5
Küçük, Çiğdem. "Selection of Rhizobium spp. Isolates for Inoculation of Field Pea (Pisum sativum)." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 25, no. 04 (April 1, 2021): 845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1737.
Full textAbstract:
Rhizobium isolates from wild pea nodules were characterized on the basis of microbiological characteristics. P4, P7, P12, P14, P16, P19, P20, P22, P23 and P24 isolates grew at the 4.5 pH, P5, P6, P11, P12, P13, P14, P16, P17, P19, P20 and P21 isolates grew at 4% NaCl and P7, P8, P10, P11, P12, P14, P19, P20, P22, P23, P24 and P25 isolates grew at 40°C. Resistance to antibiotics (μg mL-1) was investigated in a large propotion of isolates; streptomycin sulphate (80), rifampisin (40), erythromycin (30), chloramphenicol (100), Penicillin (40). In this study, local Rhizobium bacterial isolates were isolated from wild pea root nodules and their efficacy was investigated. Isolates significantly increased plant dry matter weight. The highest nitrogen fixation was achieved with P4 inoculation. Glutamine synthetase and leghemoglobin content of the nodules were determined in the inoculated with the highest P4 isolate. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
6
Li, Lu Qi, Cheng Zhi Liu, and Yan Chun Liu. "Gulong Oilfield Putaohua Oil Layer in the Gu 83 Block Sequence and Sandstone Characteristics Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.459.
Full textAbstract:
Gu 83 wellblock is the center of the Gulong reserves, the well test oil yield is high, the oil-bearing area shall, as reserves and production increase nine oil production company of Daqing oil field replacement area. On the basis of high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory, strata as the instruction, the trunk section and the well combination method is used to contrast layer and multiple well profile compared to small layer, establish high resolution stratigraphic framework. The Putaohua reservoir is divided into three sandstone under the group, which, subdivided three eight small layers for sandstone. Through well combine to determine the sequence division of the interface, divided into Putaohua reservoir. Considering lithology, curve characteristics of shaft vibration, even the well profile correlation research area according to the principle, method, sequence division division, in the Putaohua oil layer, three sets of sandstone under the group; On the segmentation, each group sandstone, upper sandstone will eventually set is divided into two layers of P11, P12; middle sandstone is divided into P13, P14, P15 three small layer; under sandstone under group is divided into P16, P17, P18 three small layer.
7
Kurniasari, Indah Fitriana, Ida Dwijayanti, Fenny Roshayanti, and Susi Handayani. "Implementasi Culturally Responsive Teaching pada Materi Bentuk Bangun Ruang Kelas 1 SDN Pandean Lamper 04 Semarang." JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan 6, no. 7 (July 7, 2023): 5364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i7.2403.
Full textAbstract:
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana Implementasi Culturally Responsive Teaching Pada Materi Bentuk Bangun Ruang Kelas 1 SDN Pandean Lamper 04 Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Tahapan-tahapan penelitian adalah melakukan observasi motivasi belajar siswa, mengisi jurnal refleksi guru dan siswa. Hasil dari analisis perencanaan memperoleh hasil (P1) 85,19%, (P2) 72,22%, (P3) 85,19%, (P4) 84,26%, (P5) 97,22%, (P6) 84,26%, (P7) 98,15% (P8) 90,74% (P9) 81,48% (P10) 87,96 % (P11) 96,30% (P12) 95,37% (P13) 89,81% (P14) 76,85% (P15) 81,48%. Implementasi Culturally Responsive Teaching dilakukan dengan tahap penelitian dan tahap pembelajaran di kelas.
8
Rosyidi, Moh Ririn, and Nailul Izzah. "Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Kinerja Bengkel Berdasarkan Persepsi Pengunjung dengan Metode IPA di Bengkel X." Jurnal Optimalisasi 8, no. 1 (April 13, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jopt.v8i1.4817.
Full textAbstract:
Many organizations exist and make different decisions for the purpose of accommodation and compliance with a given administration so that the buyer continues to use a given administration, the vital nature of administration is the general component and nature of a thing or organization that can satisfy an expressed or proposed need. workshop X is located in Jalan Raya Sembayat, Kec. Manyar Kab. Gresik busy with service administration for buyers and also until now has many clients, but sometimes errors occur in work, this is because the help system is still manual so it becomes wasteful. The X workshop provided is also not ideal for the various services that exist to support customer improvement, therefore a top-down review is needed to provide a surprisingly better improvement using the Importance Performance Analysis method. Then at that time the value of the respondent's level of similarity was 75%, for the IPA value at the level of conformity, which was 91% on the question of the ease of reaching the workshop. Result of the Importance Performance Analysis, obtained quadrant I (Main Priority), namely P20, P4, P2, this shows that the client anticipates a significant level of significance, but the provision of assistance is not optimal so that there needs to be improvements that pay more attention to rules, Quadrant II (Maintain Achievement) in this area i.e. P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17, P19, server friendliness in serving clients, which implies that the client have considered the characteristics, Quadrant III (Low Priority), there are two namely P1, P3, it is necessary to improve the attributes of the assistance after focusing on improving the characteristics that are basic needs, such as the neatness of employees' clothes and waiting room support facilities, Quadrant IV (Exaggerated) P18, respondents consider this quality to have a low level of significance but have truly elite exhibits. While the PGCV value is 8.97 with the question of giving the most important discount according to the customer.
9
Kang, Seong-Ho, Dong Soon Lee, Tae Young Kim, Hyun Jung Min, Bo Ra Oh, Han-Ik Cho, and Sung-Soo Yoon. "Methylation Profiles of p16, p15 and p14 Genes in Korean Patients with Multiple Myeloma." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1504.1504.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Dysruption of cell cycle control genes (p16, p15 and p14) is known to be involved in the tumorigenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). We investigated the inactivation status of p16, p15 and p14 genes using promoter methylation study and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) study in patients with MM and analyzed the association of inactivation of those genes and clinical prognosis.MM Promoter methylation study of p16, p14 and p15 gene was done with newly diagnosed 52 patients with by bisulfite modification and methylation specific PCR. Two sets of primers were used for p16 methylation study and one set of primer was used for p15, p14 methylation study. Deletion of p16, p14 and p15 gene was detected by dual color FISH (Vysis, Downers GroveIL, USA). Overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan Meier Method and Cox’s proportional hazard model. Methylation of p16, p15 and p14 promotor was detected in 36/52 (69.2%), 15/52(28.8%) and 7/52 (13.5%) patients with MM, respectively. Methylation of any of p16, p15 or p14 promotor was observed in 44/52 (84.6%) of MM patients Deletion of p16, p15 and p14 was detected in only one of the patients with MM. Of note, in the cases (15/52, 28.8%) showing that in cases with two positive methylation specific PCR of the p16 promotor with two sets of primers, significant lower overall survival rate (p<0.036) were observed compared with only one positive methylation specific PCR. Heavy methylation of p16 protomor was a independent predictive variable for overall survival [Hazard Ratio, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.44–9.68, P = 0.007]. Other adverse prognostic factors by univariate analysis were old age (p=0.014), β2-microglobuline (p=0.026), high serum creatinine levels (≥2.0 mg/dL, p=0.014). More than 80% of MM patients showed the methylation of any of p16, p15 or p14 promotor, which suggest the potential applicability of hypomethlyating agents to MM. The promoter methylation of p16, p14 or p15 was a major contributor to the disruption of cell cycle regulation in MM, whereas both the deletion and/or the promoter methylation of p16, p14, and p15 contributed to the disruption of cell cycle regulation in ALL. In our study, methylation of two positive methylation specific PCR of the p16 promotor was an independent adverse prognostic factor in MM. We infer that quantitative methylation study for p16 promotor is helpful for the evaluation of prognosis. Figure 1. Overall survival analysis of patients with according to p16 methylation amount (P = 0.036) Figure 1. Overall survival analysis of patients with according to p16 methylation amount (P = 0.036)
10
Takeuchi, S., CR Bartram, T. Seriu, CW Miller, A. Tobler, JW Janssen, A. Reiter, WD Ludwig, M. Zimmermann, and J. Schwaller. "Analysis of a family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors: p15/MTS2/INK4B, p16/MTS1/INK4A, and p18 genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood." Blood 86, no. 2 (July 15, 1995): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.2.755.bloodjournal862755.
Full textAbstract:
A newly recognized family of proteins that inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) termed cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKI) have an important role in regulation of cell-cycle progression. A subfamily of these CDKIs (p15INK4B/MTS2, p16INK4/MTS1, and p18) have a high degree of structural and functional homology and are candidate tumor- suppressor genes. We evaluated the mutational status of the p15, p16, and p18 genes in 103 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) samples and correlated these results with both their clinical data and additional results concerning their loss of heterozygosity in the region of the p15/p16 genes. Homozygous deletions of the p16 gene occurred extremely frequently in T-ALLs (17/22; 77%), and it was also frequent in precursor-B ALLs (12/81; 15%). Homozygous deletions of the p15 gene were also very frequent in T-ALLs (9/22; 41%), and it occurred in 5 of 81 (6%) precursor-B ALL samples. No deletions of p18 was found in any of the 103 ALL samples. Also, no point mutations of the p15, p16, and p18 genes were detected. We correlated p15/p16 alterations at diagnosis with their clinical characteristics as compared with 2,927 other patients treated similarly. Those with p15/p16 alterations were older; had higher white blood cell counts, often with T-cell ALL phenotype; and more frequently had a mediastinal mass at presentation; but they had the same nonremission, relapse, and survival rates at 5 years as did those patients whose blast cells did not have a p15/p16 deletion. To better understand the extent of alterations affecting chromosome 9p21 (location of the p15/p16 genes), loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was examined at D9S171, which is about 1 megabase proximal to the p15/p16 genes. LOH was detected in 15 of 37 (41%) informative samples. Interestingly, of the 24 informative samples that had no detectable alteration of the p15/p16 genes, 7 samples (29%) had LOH at D9S171. In summary, we show in a very large study that p15 and p16, but not p18, CDKI genes are very frequently altered in ALL; those with p15/p16 alterations are more frequently older children, have higher white blood cells at presentation, and often have a T-cell ALL phenotype. The LOH analysis suggests that another tumor-suppressor gene important in ALL also is present on chromosome 9p21.
11
Puspita, D. E., E. Efendi, S. Zakaria, and R. Sriwati. "Indirect organogenesis of Aceh patchouli leaf explants (Pogostemon cablin Benth) by in vitro." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1183, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1183/1/012052.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Aceh patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin. Benth) is a plantation plant that produces essential oils with great potential, known as patchouli oil. The use of in vitro culture techniques on patchouli plants needs to be developed to meet the needs of patchouli seeds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) cytokinins 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) and auxin 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) on the organogenesis ability of Aceh patchouli leaf explants var. Lhokseumawe. The treatments analyzed were P1 = MS; P2 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1, P3 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1, P4 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1, P5 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1, P6 = NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P7 = NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P8 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P9 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P10 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P11 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P12 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P13 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg. l−1, P14 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P15 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l-1. The percentage of callus induction observed, percentage of shoot induction, percentage of browning, percentage of contamination and percentage of live explants at 28 DAI. The results showed that the percentage of explants forming callus was 56.4%, and the percentage of explants forming organ was 54.6%. In these two parameters the treatment of P14 and P15 gave the best results of 6.6% respectively. The percentage of explants experiencing browning was 26.1%, treatment P1 gave the highest response for this parameter, namely 6.6%. The parameter percentage of live explants was 71.3%. The best response was found in treatment P2, P3, P12 and P15, which were 6.6% each. The fastest bud formation occurred at 14 Days After Initiation (DAI) in P4 treatment. The resulting shoots look quite vigor and have formed leaves. In the combination treatment P14, showed the best results, the addition of auxin was able to increase the initiation of embryogenic callus.
12
Patil, Parameshgouda Lavanagouda, Deepa Kalappanavar, G. P. Geetha, Ragini Patil, G. S. Adarsh, and Ghulappa S. Dasog. "Characterization and classification of soil resources of hittinahalli sub-watershed derived from basalt in Northern dry zone of Karnataka." Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology 22, no. 4 (August 2, 2023): 16–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jagst.v22i4.2.
Full textAbstract:
Eighteen Typical pedons representing upland, midland, and lowland forms in a Hittinahalli subwatershed of Vijayapur district were studied for their morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties. The soils were shallow to very deep (25 to >150 cm), very dark brown to black (Munsell color chart) and moderately well to poorly drained. The soil structure changes from weak, medium sub- angular blocky on the surface to moderate, coarse sub-angular blocky in the subsurface horizons. The soils are moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline (7.59–9.41), low to high in organic carbon (0.08–0.75 g/kg). The pedons on uplands exhibit the development of an argillic horizon (Bt). The pedons on the midlands and lowlands have cambic horizons (Bw), classified as Verisols and Inceptisols, respectively. The lowlands (P6, P10, P16, and P18) and midlands (P7, P8, P12, P15, and P17) are classified as fine, mixed, Iso-hyperthermic, and Typic Haplustalfs.
13
Supriati, Lilies, Mulyati Widayanti, Adrianson Agus Djaya, Rahmawati Budi Mulyani, and Mochammad Anwar. "Efektivitas Penghambatan Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat Lokal Terhadap Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Daun Alpukat." Jurnal Penelitian UPR 2, no. 2 (September 7, 2022): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52850/jptupr.v2i2.5356.
Full textAbstract:
Penyakit bercak daun alpukat (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) sangat merugikan, serangan penyakit terjadi pada daun, ranting, bunga dan buah hingga ke penyimpanan dan pemasaran. Pengendalian penyakit tanaman yang bersifat ramah lingkungan dan aman bagi kesehatan dapat dilakukan menggunakan tumbuhan obat lokal, namun informasi penelitian tentang hal ini belum banyak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk engetahui mengetahui efektivitas penghambatan tumbuhan obat lokal yang efektif menekan pertumbuhan jamur patogen C. gloeosporioides penyebab penyakit bercak daun tanaman alpukat secara in vitro. Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 taraf konsentrasi ekstrak tumbuhan obat lokal yaitu: P0 (kontrol tanpa ekstrak), P1 (ekstrak pasak bumi 5%), P2 (ekstrak pasak bumi 10%), P3 (ekstrak pasak bumi 15%), P4 (ekstrak pasak bumi 20%), P5 (ekstrak akar kuning 5%), P6 (ekstrak akar kuning 10%), P7 (ekstrak akar kuning 15%), P8 (ekstrak akar kuning 20%), P9 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 5%), P10 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 10%), P11 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 15%), P12 (ekstrak umbi hati tanah 20%), P13 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 5%), P14 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 10%), P15 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 15%) dan P16 (ekstrak umbi sarang semut 20%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak akar pasak bumi pada taraf konsentrasi 20% sangat efektif menghambat pertumbuhan diameter koloni jamur C. gloeosporioides dengan efektivitas penghambatan 94.4%, dan efektif menghambat perkecambahan spora sebesar 6.81%.
14
Kim, Miyoung, Seon-Hee Yim, Hai Rim Shin, Nam Sun Cho, Seong_Ho Kang, Ho Young Kim, Bo Ra Oh, et al. "Homozygous Deletion of p16, p14 and p15 Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Adult B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Not in Childhood B-ALL: A Comparison through Deletion and Hypermethylation Study." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 4477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4477.4477.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Backgrounds: The biologic characteristics of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is different from those of adult ALL. Tumor suppressor genes, p16, p14, and p15 gene are inactivated either by promoter methylation, deletion or mutation, however, in leukemia, promoter methylation and deletion are the main mechanisms of inactivation. Aims: To compare the alteration status of p16, p14, and p15 gene in childhood and adult ALL, we analyzed the incidences and the prognostic significances of deletion and hypermethylation of p16, p14, and p15 in childhood and adult B-ALL. The association between alterations of those genes and known cytogenetic prognostic factors (BCR-ABL, TEL-AML, MLL rearrangement, and numerical changes) were also assessed. Methods: A total of 91 newly diagnosed B-ALL patients (61 children, 30 adults) were studied. Interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization study (p16, BCR-ABL, TEL-AML, MLL) and methylation specific PCR were performed using bone marrow mononuclear cells. Numerical changes were assessed by FISH and chromosome analysis. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Kaplan and Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression were applied for statistical analysis. Results: The frequencies of homozygous deletion of p16, p14, and p15 were 11.5% in children and 30.0% in adult, showing higher incidence in adults (p=0.029). In overall survival study, homozygous deletion was associated with the worse prognosis in adults (Fig 1, p=0.019), but not in childhood. The incidences of promoter methylation of p16, p14, and p15 were as follows: 34.4%, 14.8%, and 34.4% in children; 26.7%, 10.0%, and 40.0% 26.7% in adults, respectively, with no statistical difference between two groups. No significant association was observed between deletion and hypermethylation. Childhood ALL showed inactivation of p16 (39.3%), p14 (24.6%), and p15 (42.6%), while adult ALL showed inactivation of p16 (46.7%), p14 (33.3%), and p15 (56.7%), with the same order of frequencies, but with higher tendency of methylation in adult ALL. In p14 unmethylated adults, the homozygous deletion had adverse effect on overall survival (OS) (p=0.036). There were no significant association between chromosomal aberrations and promoter methylation in childhood and adult ALL. The children with sole MLL rearrangement showed poorer disease free survival (DFS) than those with sole homozygous deletion with low statistical significance (p=0.059). Homozygous deletion was translated into poor prognosis in OS in adults without MLL rearrangement (p=0.011). Adult with normal karyotype showed shorter OS when accompanied by homozygous deletion, although p value was 0.051. Conclusions: We performed a comprehensive analysis of deletion and hypermethylation of p16, p14, and p15 genes in both childhood and adult B-ALL. Homozygous deletion was more frequent in adults, showing association with shorter OS in adults, but not in children. This difference of distribution and prognostic value between childhood and adult ALL could be one of the explanations for the disparity of clinical outcome. Our results suggest that homozygous deletion is an independent prognostic factor in adult ALL. Table 1. Deletion and methylation profiles of p16, p14, and p15, and their prognostic siginificances P16, P14, and P15 Deletion P16 Methylation P14 Methylation P15 Methylation *P: p value by multivariate analysis †OS: Overall survival ‡DPS: Disease free survival Childhood Frequency 11.5% 34.4% 14.8% 34.4% *P (†OS) 0.853 0.979 0.651 0.591 P (‡DPS) 0.716 0.956 0.809 0.977 Adults Frequency 30.0% 26.7% 10.0% 40.0% P (OS) 0.019 0.151 0 892 0.330 P (DPS) 0.218 0.382 0.079 0.760 Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curve for childhood and adult B-ALL patients.
 P value was obtained by multivariate analysis using Cox hazard regression model. (A) Childhood B-ALL (B) B. Adult B-ALL Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curve for childhood and adult B-ALL patients.
 P value was obtained by multivariate analysis using Cox hazard regression model. (A) Childhood B-ALL (B) B. Adult B-ALL
15
Männistö, Riina H., A. Marika Grahn, Dennis H. Bamford, and Jaana K. H. Bamford. "Transcription of Bacteriophage PM2 Involves Phage-Encoded Regulators of Heterologous Origin." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 11 (June 1, 2003): 3278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.11.3278-3287.2003.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Bacteriophage PM2 is the only described member of the Corticoviridae family. It is an icosahedral dsDNA virus with a membrane residing underneath the protein coat. PM2 infects some gram-negative Pseudoalteromonas spp. In the present study, we mapped the viral promoters and showed that the PM2 genome consists of three operons. Four new virus genes were assigned based on their function in transcription. Proteins P15 and P16 are shown to repress early transcription, and proteins P13 and P14 are shown to activate late transcription events. The early regulatory region, containing genes for proteins P15 and P16, as well as the newly identified early promoter region in PM2, has significant sequence similarity with the Pseudoalteromonas pAS28 plasmid. P14, the transcription activator for the structural genes, has a zinc finger motif homologous to archaeal and eukaryotic TFIIS-type regulatory factors.
16
Drak Alsibai, Kinan, Sophie Vacher, Didier Meseure, Andre Nicolas, Marick Lae, Anne Schnitzler, Walid Chemlali, et al. "High Positive Correlations between ANRIL and p16-CDKN2A/p15-CDKN2B/p14-ARF Gene Cluster Overexpression in Multi-Tumor Types Suggest Deregulated Activation of an ANRIL–ARF Bidirectional Promoter." Non-Coding RNA 5, no. 3 (August 21, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna5030044.
Full textAbstract:
The CDKN2B-AS1 gene, also called ANRIL, is located at the human CDKN2A/B locus at 9p21.3 and transcribed by RNA polymerase II into a long non-coding RNA of 3834 bp. The CDKN2B-AS1 gene overlaps a critical region of 125 kb covering the CDKN2B gene. The CDKN2A/B locus encompasses three major tumor suppressors juxtaposed and joined into a p16-CDKN2A/p15-CDKN2B/p14-ARF gene cluster. CDKN2A encodes splice variants p16-CDKN2A and p14-ARF, and CDKN2B encodes p15-CDKN2B. ANRIL shares a bidirectional promoter with the p14-ARF gene and is transcribed from the opposite strand to the cluster. We performed an analysis of the expression level of ANRIL and tumor suppressor p16-CDKN2A, p15-CDKN2B, and p14-ARF genes using quantitative RT-PCR in a multitumor panel. We observed the overexpression of the four genes ANRIL, p16-CDKN2A, p15-CDKN2B, and p14-ARF in the great majority of the 17 different cancer types. ANRIL was upregulated in 13/17 tumors compared to normal tissues, ranging from 5% (prostate cancer) to 91% (cervix cancer), with variable expression of p16-CDKN2A, p15-CDKN2B, and p14-ARF genes. A high positive correlation was identified between levels of expression of ANRIL and the three tumor suppressors. The strongest positive association was observed with p14-ARF (p < 0.001) in all but one (lung squamous cell carcinoma) of the examined tumor types. This correlation suggests coordinated deregulated mechanisms in all cancer types through aberrant activation of a bidirectional p14-ARF/ANRIL promoter. Furthermore, significant positive correlation was unexpectedly established in prostatic carcinomas, in contradiction with previous data.
17
Andrillat, Y. "Near Infrared Spectra of 103 Bright Be Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 92 (August 1987): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110011629x.
Full textAbstract:
We have observed 103 bright Be stars in the near infrared up to 10500 A with a dispersion of 230 and 50 A mm-1. The observations were performed with a Reticon (1024 diodes) attached to the ROUCAS spectrograph at the 193 cm telescope of the Haute Provence Observatory.In this spectral range, the Be stars are characterized by the lines of HI (Paschen series), 0I(7772-74-75, 8446 A), CaII(8542, 8662, 8498 A), FeII(7712, 9997 A) and NI(8686-83-80, 8719-12-03, 8629 A).On our spectra, the CaII triplet is always blended with P13, P15, P16, and only the enhancement of these lines permits to conclude to the CaII presence. The 0I 8446 A is perturbed by the Paschen lines P17 and P18 (low dispersion spectra) and P18 (high dispersion spectra). The NI 8686-83-80 A lines also perturb the P13 profile.
18
Baur, Audrey S., Phil Shaw, Nathalie Burri, Françoise Delacrétaz, Fred T. Bosman, and Pascal Chaubert. "Frequent Methylation Silencing of p15INK4b(MTS2) and p16INK4a (MTS1) in B-Cell and T-Cell Lymphomas." Blood 94, no. 5 (September 1, 1999): 1773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v94.5.1773.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The methylation status of p15INK4b(MTS2), p16INK4a (MTS1) andp14ARF (p16β) was analyzed in 56 lymphomas by restriction-enzyme related polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (REP), methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS). Methylation of the p15 andp16 genes was detected, respectively, in 64% and 32% of the B-cell lymphomas, in 44% and 22% of the T-cell lymphomas, and in none of the 5 reactive lymph nodes analyzed. Both p15 andp16 genes were methylated more often in the high-grade (78% and 50%, respectively) than in the low-grade B-cell lymphomas (55% and 21%, respectively). For 5 cases, mapping of the methylated CpGs of the p16 promoter region confirmed the results of REP and MSP. In addition, a large variation in the methylation patterns ofp16 exon 1 was observed, not only from one lymphoma to another, but also within a given tumor. Methylation of p15 andp16 was associated with an absence of gene expression, as assessed by reverse transcription-PCR. The p14 gene was unmethylated and normally expressed in all 56 tumors. We found no mutations of p15, p16, or p14 in any of the 56 lymphomas. Our results suggest a role for p15 and p16gene methylation during lymphomagenesis and a possible association between p15 and p16 inactivation and aggressive transformation in B-cell and T-cell lymphomas.
19
Baur, Audrey S., Phil Shaw, Nathalie Burri, Françoise Delacrétaz, Fred T. Bosman, and Pascal Chaubert. "Frequent Methylation Silencing of p15INK4b(MTS2) and p16INK4a (MTS1) in B-Cell and T-Cell Lymphomas." Blood 94, no. 5 (September 1, 1999): 1773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v94.5.1773.417a12_1773_1781.
Full textAbstract:
The methylation status of p15INK4b(MTS2), p16INK4a (MTS1) andp14ARF (p16β) was analyzed in 56 lymphomas by restriction-enzyme related polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (REP), methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS). Methylation of the p15 andp16 genes was detected, respectively, in 64% and 32% of the B-cell lymphomas, in 44% and 22% of the T-cell lymphomas, and in none of the 5 reactive lymph nodes analyzed. Both p15 andp16 genes were methylated more often in the high-grade (78% and 50%, respectively) than in the low-grade B-cell lymphomas (55% and 21%, respectively). For 5 cases, mapping of the methylated CpGs of the p16 promoter region confirmed the results of REP and MSP. In addition, a large variation in the methylation patterns ofp16 exon 1 was observed, not only from one lymphoma to another, but also within a given tumor. Methylation of p15 andp16 was associated with an absence of gene expression, as assessed by reverse transcription-PCR. The p14 gene was unmethylated and normally expressed in all 56 tumors. We found no mutations of p15, p16, or p14 in any of the 56 lymphomas. Our results suggest a role for p15 and p16gene methylation during lymphomagenesis and a possible association between p15 and p16 inactivation and aggressive transformation in B-cell and T-cell lymphomas.
20
Karlimah, Karlimah, Dewi Andriani, and Dodi Suryana. "Development of Mathematical Anxiety Instruments with a Rasch Model Analysis." Open Psychology Journal 13, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350102013010181.
Full textAbstract:
Background: This study was motivated by a large number of students who feel anxious when dealing with mathematics, which is an unpleasant feeling characterized by the presence of worry, anxiety, confusion, and stress. Objective: This study aims to test the instruments of mathematical anxiety using Rasch Model analysis. Materials and Methods: The study used descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional design. Subjects of the study were elementary school students in grade VI SDN Margarahayu, 13 male and 5 female students in grade VI A, 9 male and 3 female students in grade VI B. Results: The results of the analysis show that the instrument has a poor or not maximum reliability value (α = 0.56). Likewise, the respondent's reliability value (α = 0.49) is in the weak category and the item reliability (α = 0.93) is in the excellent category. Conclusion: The analysis of the instrument shows that 2 items do not meet the standard criteria for the measurement, including number 16 as bias genders are more profitable for female students, and number 9 misfits because it is too difficult for most students to agree on. 3 items are categorized as very difficult, including item number P13, P11, and P12. There are 5 items in difficult category, which include numbers P9, P15, P14, P16, and P10. There are 4 items in the easy category, including P6, P5, P4, and P3. While the very easy category has 4 items, including numbers P1, P7, P2, and P8.
21
Chaduvula, Mehervani, A. Murtaza, Namita Misra, N. P. Shankar Narayan, V. Ramesh, H. K. Prasad, Rajni Rani, R. K. Chinnadurai, and Indira Nath. "Lsr2 Peptides of Mycobacterium leprae Show Hierarchical Responses in Lymphoproliferative Assays, with Selective Recognition by Patients with Anergic Lepromatous Leprosy." Infection and Immunity 80, no. 2 (December 5, 2011): 742–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.05384-11.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTLsr2 protein ofMycobacterium lepraewas shown earlier to elicit B and T cell responses in leprosy patients (20, 28). Lymphoproliferation toM. lepraeand Lsr2 antigens was observed in >70% of tuberculoid (T) patients and in 16 and 34% of lepromatous (L) patients, respectively. We focused on theM. lepraenonresponders in the lepromatous group using 22 synthetic Lsr2 peptides (end-to-end peptides A to F and overlapping peptides p1 to p16) inin vitroT cell responses. A total of 125 leprosy and 13 tuberculosis patients and 19 healthy controls from the area of endemicity (here, healthy controls, or HC) were investigated. The highest responses were observed (67 to 100%) in HC for all peptides except p1 to p3, and the lowest was observed in tuberculosis patients. Significant differences in lymphoproliferation were observed in T, L, and HC groups (analysis of variance [ANOVA],P= 0.000 to 0.015) for all end-to-end peptides except B and for p5 and p7 to p10. Hierarchical recognition between lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy was noted for p8 (P< 0.05) and between the HC and L groups for p7 to p10, p15, and p16 (P< 0.005 toP< 0.02). Significant lymphoproliferation was observed to peptides A to F and p1 to p9, p11, p12, p15, p16 (P= 0.000 to 0.001) with 40% responding to peptides C and p16 in L patients. Lepromatous patients also showed significantly higher levels of a gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response to peptide C than to other peptides (P< 0.05). Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II bias for peptide recognition was not observed. These studies indicate that Lsr2 has multiple T cell epitopes that inducein vitroT cell responses in the highly infective lepromatous leprosy patients.
22
Malumbres, Marcos, Ignacio Pérez De Castro, María I. Hernández, María Jiménez, Teresa Corral, and Angel Pellicer. "Cellular Response to Oncogenic Ras Involves Induction of the Cdk4 and Cdk6 Inhibitor p15INK4b." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 8 (April 15, 2000): 2915–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.8.2915-2925.2000.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The cell cycle inhibitor p15 INK4b is frequently inactivated by homozygous deletion together with p16 INK4a and p19 ARF in some types of tumors. Although the tumor suppressor capability of p15 INK4b is still questioned, it has been found to be specifically inactivated by hypermethylation in hematopoietic malignancies in the absence of p16 INK4a alterations. Here we show that, in vitro, p15 INK4b is a strong inhibitor of cellular transformation by Ras. Surprisingly, p15 INK4b is induced in cultured cells by oncogenic Ras to an extent similar to that of p16 INK4a , and their expression is associated with premature G1 arrest and senescence. Ras-dependent induction of these two INK4 genes is mediated mainly by the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway. Studies with activated and dominant negative forms of Ras effectors indicate that the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway is essential for induction of both the p15 INK4b and p16 INK4a promoters, although other Ras effector pathways can collaborate, giving rise to a stronger response. Our results indicate that p15 INK4b , by itself, is able to stop cell transformation by Ras and other oncogenes such as Rgr (a new oncogene member of the Ral-GDS family, whose action is mediated through Ras). In fact, embryonic fibroblasts isolated from p15 INK4b knockout mice are susceptible to transformation by the Ras or Rgr oncogene whereas wild-type embryonic fibroblasts are not. Similarly, p15 INK4b -deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts are more sensitive than wild-type cells to transformation by a combination of the Rgr and E1A oncogenes. The cell cycle inhibitor p15 INK4b is therefore involved, at least in some cell types, in the tumor suppressor activity triggered after inappropriate oncogenic Ras activation in the cell.
23
Siregar, Elda Sari, Amir Mahmud, Rafiqah Amanda Lubis, Muhammad Agung Permadi, and Ramadhan Syaputra Daulay. "THE GERMINATION OF SALAK (Salacca zalacca) SEEDS WITH CHEMICAL SCARIFICATION TREATMENT." Jurnal Pertanian Tropik 8, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpt.v8i1.9175.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the effect of KNO3, H2SO4, and GA3 in breaking dormancy and germination of salak (Salacca zalacca) plants. In this study using a non-factorial randomized block design with one factor, namely P0 (control), P1 (KNO3 60%), P2 (KNO3 70%), P3 (KNO3 80%), P4 (H2SO4 60%), P5 (H2SO4 70%), P6 (H2SO4 80%), P7 (GA3 25 ppm), P8 (GA3 50 ppm), P9 (GA3 75 ppm), P10 (KNO3 60% and GA3 25 ppm), P11 (KNO3 70% and GA3 50 ppm), P12 (KNO3 80% and GA3 75 ppm), P13 (H2SO4 60% and GA3 25 ppm), P14 (H2SO4 70% and GA3 50 ppm), P15 (KNO3 60% and GA3 75). Parameters observed were germination, maximum growth potential, plant height,
number of leaves, leaf length, and leaf width. Based on the results of the DMRT test at 5% level, it showed that each treatment had an effect on the chemical scarification treatment showing a significant effect on germination, maximum growth potential, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, and leaf width. However, it did not have a significant effect on the number of leaves at 12 WAP, leaf width at 11 and 12 WAP. Keywords: Plant Height, Leaves, Leaf Width
24
Canelo Dávila, Carlos Alberto. "Factores críticos de la calidad del servicio de limpieza municipal asociados al riesgo de recolección de residuos peligrosos." Revista de Investigación de Agroproducción Sustentable 3, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25127/aps.20191.477.
Full textAbstract:
<p>El objetivo fue describir los factores críticos de la percepción de la calidad del servicio de recolección de residuos peligrosos prestados por la municipalidad de Chachapoyas de Perú. Para ello se adaptó el modelo SERVPERF. La población estuvo conformada por los establecimientos generadores de residuos peligrosos ubicados en el ámbito urbano. Previo al análisis factorial se realizó un análisis de los datos ausentes y atípicos, se examinó la fiabilidad y correlación de la escala y se calculó la adecuación muestral de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin. También se usó el método de análisis de componentes principales, la regla de Kaiser y se asumió el criterio de saturación. Se obtuvo una fiabilidad con el alfa de Cronbach de 0,65 y una prueba de Bartlett menor que 0,05. Los factores críticos para medir la percepción de la calidad fueron: seguridad (7,43%), capacidad de respuesta (6,32%) y confiabilidad (6,26%). Por el contrario, los que menos lo explicaron fueron comunicación (6,19%), credibilidad (6,07%), profesionalismo (5,91%) y participación ciudadana, que lograron medir sólo el 44,5% de su variabilidad original. La escala propuesta quedó constituida por tres factores: capacidad de respuesta con seis ítems, participación ciudadana con cinco ítems, y confiabilidad con cuatro ítems, que en total alcanzaron correlaciones mayores a 0,5 y explicaron el 69,71% de la varianza. Fue descartado el factor participación ciudadana así como los ítems P7, P9, P10, P12, P14, P15, P16 y P22 por presentar comunalidades menores que 0,60. En cambio los ítems P1, P2, P11, P18 y P21 alcanzaron valores factoriales por encima de 0,74</p>
25
Zhang, H., X. Li, L. Ge, J. Yang, J. Sun, and Q. Niu. "Methylation of CpG island of p14(ARK), p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) genes in coke oven workers." Human & Experimental Toxicology 34, no. 2 (May 16, 2014): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327114533576.
Full textAbstract:
To detect the blood genomic DNA methylation in coke oven workers and find a possible early screening index for occupational lung cancer, 74 coke oven workers as the exposed group and 47 water pump workers as the controls were surveyed, and urine samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected. Airborne benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) levels in workplace and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Py) levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. DNA damage of PBMCs and the p14(ARK), p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) gene CpG island methylation in the promoter region were detected by comet assay and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction techniques, respectively. Results show that compared with the controls, concentration of airborne B[a]Ps was elevated in the coke plant, and urinary 1-OH-Py’s level and DNA olive tail moment in comet assay were significantly increased in the coke oven workers, and p14(ARK), p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) gene methylation rates were also significantly increased. With the working years and urinary 1-OH-Py’s level, the rates of p14(ARK) and p16(INK4a) gene methylation were significantly increased while that of p15(INK4b) gene methylation displayed no statistical change. We conclude that PBMCs’ p14(ARK) and p16(INK4a) gene methylation may be used for screening and warning lung cancer in coke oven workers.
26
Stryker, C., D. W. Camperchioli, C. A. Mayer, W. J. Alilain, R. J. Martin, and P. M. MacFarlane. "Respiratory dysfunction following neonatal sustained hypoxia exposure during a critical window of brain stem extracellular matrix formation." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 314, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): R216—R227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00199.2017.
Full textAbstract:
The extracellular matrix (ECM) modulates brain maturation and plays a major role in regulating neuronal plasticity during critical periods of development. We examined 1) whether there is a critical postnatal period of ECM expression in brain stem cardiorespiratory control regions and 2) whether the attenuated hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) following neonatal sustained (5 days) hypoxia [SH (11% O2, 24 h/day)] exposure is associated with altered ECM formation. The nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS), dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, hypoglossal motor nucleus, cuneate nucleus, and area postrema were immunofluorescently processed for aggrecan and Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA), a key proteoglycan of the ECM and the perineuronal net. From postnatal day ( P) 5 ( P5), aggrecan and WFA expression increased postnatally in all regions. We observed an abrupt increase in aggrecan expression in the nTS, a region that integrates and receives afferent inputs from the carotid body, between P10 and P15 followed by a distinct and transient plateau between P15 and P20. WFA expression in the nTS exhibited an analogous transient plateau, but it occurred earlier (between P10 and P15). SH between P11 and P15 attenuated the HVR (assessed at P16) and increased aggrecan (but not WFA) expression in the nTS, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, and area postrema. An intracisternal microinjection of chondroitinase ABC, an enzyme that digests chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, rescued the HVR and the increased aggrecan expression. These data indicate that important stages of ECM formation take place in key brain stem respiratory neural control regions and appear to be associated with a heightened vulnerability to hypoxia.
27
Sarasquete, Maria E., Adriana Armellini, Ramon Garcia-Sanz, Ricardo Lopez Perez, Ana Balanzategui, Maria C. Chillon, Patricia Martin-Jimenez, et al. "p14arf/p16ink4a and p15ink4b Gene Expression Profile by Real Time Quantitative PCR at Diagnosis Predicts for Clinical Outcome in Multiple Myeloma Patients." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 4355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4355.4355.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract p15 and p14/p16 tumor suppressor genes, have been reported to be frequently inactivated by various mechanisms in haematological malignancies such us MM. Alterations of these cell cycle inhibitors in MM display a close correlation with the cell cycle and clinical outcome. We have evaluated by real time quantitative RT-PCR (RQ-PCR) the expression of the p14/p16 and p15 genes in purified bone marrow plasma cells (PBMPC) from MM patients in order to evaluate the possible clinical, biological and prognostic significance of these cell cycle regulators. RNA extracted from purified BMPC from 53 untreated symptomatic MM and a pool of buffy coat from healthy donors (reference value) was analyzed by RQ-PCR using Assays-on-Demand gene expression mixes specific for p14/p16 and p15 genes in an ABI PRISM 7700 SDS (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Values were corrected with a control gene (ABL). The relative quantification of gene expression was performed through the cycle threshold (CT) increment method. Patients were classified into different groups depending on gene expression values. Thus, according to p15 expression, 29% of patients (n=14) showed higher levels than the control and this group was characterized by the presence of good prognostic markers such us low Lactato dehidrogenase levels (LDH), low b2-microglobulin (B2M) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) serum levels and absence of monoclonal proteinuria. Similar results were found for p14/p16 expression. Fifteen patients (28%) displayed a high p14/p16 expression and the group was also characterized by good prognostic features: low CRP, B2M and LDH levels. When p14/p16 and p15 genes were simultaneously analyzed, clinical and biological parameters showed a statistically significant correlation with gene expression. Thus patients with low gene expression had a high B2M (≥3 mg/dl) and high C-reactive protein (≥3 mg/dl). As far as survival was concerned, patients with a high p15 expression had a longer overall survival of 100% vs. 58% at 30 months (p=0,01), with the additional value that no deaths have been observed in any such patients. Similar results were observed for the group of patients displaying a high p14/p16 expression since they displayed a much better OS (100% vs. 63% at 30 months, p=0,02). Again, we should note that no deaths have been presented in this group. All these findings were much more evident when the three genes were simultaneously considered. Thus, within the group of 21 patients with at least one of the two genes overexpressed there have been no deaths vs. 11 among the 27 patients with low levels. This resulted in quite different OS curves for the two groups of patients (Figure 1) of 100% vs. 49% at 30 months (p=0,00). In conclusion, these genes significantly determine patients’ outcome thanks to their ability to classify them into different groups with different clinical, biological and outcome characteristics.
28
Fahmi, Norma Farizah, Dwi Aprilia Anggraini, and Yogi Khoirul Abror. "POLA INFEKSI JAMUR KUKU (ONIKOMIKOSIS) JARI TANGAN DAN KAKI PADA PEKERJA TEMPAT PENITIPAN HEWAN PADA MEDIA POTATO DEXTROSE AGAR (PDA)." Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Sciences Journal 12, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v12i2.324.
Full textAbstract:
Onikomikosis merupakan infeksi pada lempeng kuku yang dapat disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita (Tinea unguium), non dermatofita atau yeast. Onikomikosis adalah kelainan kuku yang disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita dan non-dermatofita. Infeksi onikomikosis menyebabkan kerusakan pada kuku yang menyebabkan lempeng kuku menebal, rapuh dan mudah hancur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identifikasi jamur kuku tangan dan kaki pada pekerja penitipan hewan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan di empat tempat penitipan hewan yang berbeda sebanyak 20 sampel di Surabaya dan tempat pemeriksaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Analis Kesehatan STIKES Ngudia Husada madura. Metode pemeriksaan yang dilakukan melalui metode pengamatan langsung dan metode kultur jamur. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 sampel sebanyak 11 sampel (55%) positif Tinea unguium (jamur kuku). Pada pengamatan metode kultur jamur hasil positif sebanyak 6 sampel (30%) dengan kode P1, P4, P8, P11, P15 dan P20 terinfeksi oleh jamur Aspergillus sp , Penicillium 10% dengan kode P5 dan P14, Rhizopus sp 5% kode P18, Microsporum gypseum sebanyak 5% kode P13, dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes 5% kode P19. Hasil screening pada penelitian ini menunjukkan para pekerja belum memiliki hygiene diri yang baik khususnya dalam memelihara kebersihan kuku kaki dan tangan sehingga menyebabkan faktor resiko terjadinya infeksi jamur kuku.
29
Cui, Lili, Nan He, Xiaofeng Zhang, Shiming Li, Yan Zhang, and Wenyi Kang. "Dynamic Change of Secondary Metabolites and spectrum-effect relationship of Malus halliana Koehne flowers during blooming." Open Chemistry 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2018-0043.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMalus halliana Koehne flowers have been used as a Chinese traditional medicine to treat metrorrhagia. In this study, the dynamic changes in its secondary metabolites and spectrum-effect relationship of inhibition on α-glucosidase during blooming were investigated. The changes in the contents of three flavonoids (phloretin-4’-O-glycosidase, afzeloside, and 3-hydroxyphloridzin) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and changes in inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase were evaluated in vitro. Then, spectrum-effect relationship was evaluated by partial least square method. The results indicated that the contents of three flavonoids and inhibition of α-glucosidase activity in vitro showed a fluctuating downward trend, thereinto, the maximum contents of phloretin-4’-O-glycosidase, afzeloside, and 3-hydroxyphloridzin reached 157.43±0.36, 17.27±0.06 and 22.67±0.35 (mg/g), respectively. In spectrum-effect relationship assay, matched 40 mutual peaks, thereinto, P2, P5, P6-P12, P14 (3-hydroxyphloridzin), P16-P19, P20 (phloretin-4’-O-glycosidase), P24, P26, P29, P31, P33, P34, P36, P39 and P40 were positively correlated to inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase in vitro. P1, P3, P4, P13, P15, P21-P23, P27, P28, P30 (afzeloside), P32, P35, P37 and P38 were negatively related to inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase in vitro.
30
Koduru, PR, M. Zariwala, M. Soni, JZ Gong, Y. Xiong, and JD Broome. "Deletion of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor genes P15 and P16 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." Blood 86, no. 8 (October 15, 1995): 2900–2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.8.2900.2900.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy consisting of several histologic types. Alterations in proto-oncogenes caused by reciprocal chromosome translocations have been implicated in the etiology of specific histologic groups. In this study, we examined the contribution of the cell cycle inhibitor genes P15, P16, and P18 to pathogenesis in a large panel of 209 cytogenetically characterized B-cell NHL tumors representing varied histologic groups. We identified the homozygous deletion of P15 and P16 genes in 13 tumors from 12 patients, all belonging to diffuse large-cell histology; 10 had this diagnosis made on presentation, 1 had transformed from small lymphocytic lymphoma, and 1 had transformed from Hodgkin's disease. Tumor-specific point mutations were not identified in the coding regions of these genes. Cytogenetically, chromosome 9p was normal in all but one tumor. On the other hand, eight tumors hemizygous for 9p by cytogenetic analysis showed wild-type configuration of these genes. Our study, therefore, indicates that deletion of P15 and P16 occurs in about 15% of diffuse large-cell NHL and is not usually detected by cytogenetic analysis. P18 was wild-type in all tumors including the 13 tumors hemizygous for 1p.
31
Koduru, PR, M. Zariwala, M. Soni, JZ Gong, Y. Xiong, and JD Broome. "Deletion of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor genes P15 and P16 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." Blood 86, no. 8 (October 15, 1995): 2900–2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.8.2900.bloodjournal8682900.
Full textAbstract:
B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy consisting of several histologic types. Alterations in proto-oncogenes caused by reciprocal chromosome translocations have been implicated in the etiology of specific histologic groups. In this study, we examined the contribution of the cell cycle inhibitor genes P15, P16, and P18 to pathogenesis in a large panel of 209 cytogenetically characterized B-cell NHL tumors representing varied histologic groups. We identified the homozygous deletion of P15 and P16 genes in 13 tumors from 12 patients, all belonging to diffuse large-cell histology; 10 had this diagnosis made on presentation, 1 had transformed from small lymphocytic lymphoma, and 1 had transformed from Hodgkin's disease. Tumor-specific point mutations were not identified in the coding regions of these genes. Cytogenetically, chromosome 9p was normal in all but one tumor. On the other hand, eight tumors hemizygous for 9p by cytogenetic analysis showed wild-type configuration of these genes. Our study, therefore, indicates that deletion of P15 and P16 occurs in about 15% of diffuse large-cell NHL and is not usually detected by cytogenetic analysis. P18 was wild-type in all tumors including the 13 tumors hemizygous for 1p.
32
Itaya, Stephen K., Stephane Fortin, and Stephane Molotchnikoff. "Evolution off spontaneous activity in the developing rat superior colliculus." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 73, no. 9 (September 1, 1995): 1372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y95-192.
Full textAbstract:
During the first 10 days after birth in the rat there are a succession of major developmental stages in the retinotectal pathway. During most of this time, the only recordable event in the superior colliculus is spontaneous activity. We studied and characterized this spontaneous activity, hypothesizing that it could play an important role in pathway development. The spontaneous discharges are detectable on postnatal day 5 (P5). After P5, the number of spontaneously active cells per penetration increases up to P10, after which they decrease to adult-like levels by P14–P15. Between P5 and P10, the spontaneous discharges exhibit several patterns of activity, from constant firing to intermittent bursts with periods of quiescence, without any bearing to age. We isolated the retina and superior colliculus by injecting xylocaine onto the optic nerve and found no change in collicular activity. While this suggests that the spontaneous activity in the colliculus is independent of the retina at the ages studied, the opposite experiment, i.e., electrically stimulating the optic nerve, resulted in increased firing by collicular neurons, perhaps via nonclassical synaptic transmission. Finally, we compared interval histograms for spontaneously active cells between P5 and P15. The histograms suggest that at certain ages, spontaneous firing is more regular; moreover, these ages precede major functional advances, e.g., onset of numerous spontaneously firing cells at P6, the first response to optic nerve stimulation at P10, and the first light-evoked response at P12–P13. Our results support the hypothesis that spontaneous activity in the neonatal superior colliculus has a role in development of the retinotectal pathway, but the data also indicate that classical synaptic transmission is not involved.Key words: superior colliculus, spontaneous activity, development, rat.
33
Maloney, Kelly W., Loris McGavran, Lorrie F. Odom, and Stephen P. Hunger. "Acquisition of p16INK4Aandp15INK4BGene Abnormalities Between Initial Diagnosis and Relapse in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 93, no. 7 (April 1, 1999): 2380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v93.7.2380.407k27_2380_2385.
Full textAbstract:
Although numerous somatic mutations that contribute to the pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been identified, no specific cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities are known to be consistently associated with relapse. Thep16INK4A (p16), which encodes for both p16INK4A and p19ARF proteins, andp15INK4B (p15) genes are inactivated by homozygous deletion and/or p15 promoter hypermethylation in a significant proportion of cases of childhood ALL at the time of initial diagnosis. To determine whether alterations in these genes play a role in disease progression, we analyzed a panel of 18 matched specimen pairs collected from children with ALL at the time of initial diagnosis and first bone marrow relapse for homozygous p16 and/orp15 deletions or p15 promoter hypermethylation. Four sample pairs contained homozygous p16 and p15 deletions at both diagnosis and relapse. Among the 14 pairs that werep16/p15 germline at diagnosis, three ALLs developed homozygous deletions of both p16 and p15, and two developed homozygous p16 deletions and retained p15germline status at relapse. In two patients, p15 promoter hypermethylation developed in the interval between initial diagnosis and relapse. In total, homozygous p16 deletions were present in nine of 18 cases, homozygous p15 deletions in seven of 18 cases, and p15 promoter hypermethylation in two of eight cases at relapse. These findings indicate that loss of function of proteins encoded by p16 and/or p15 plays an important role in the biology of relapsed childhood ALL, and is associated with disease progression in a subset of cases.
34
Chim, C. S., R. Liang, C. Y. Y. Tam, and Y. L. Kwong. "Methylation of p15 and p16 Genes in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance." Journal of Clinical Oncology 19, no. 7 (April 1, 2001): 2033–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2001.19.7.2033.
Full textAbstract:
PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency of p15 and p16 gene promoter methylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and to define its value in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and treatment prognostication. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Bone marrow DNA obtained from 26 patients with APL at diagnosis and during follow-up was studied with the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR). Serial marrow DNA was studied by MS-PCR for MRD, and disease-free and overall survival were correlated with p15 methylation status at diagnosis. RESULTS: MS-PCR for p16 and p15 gene methylation has a maximum sensitivity of 10-4 and 10-5. At diagnosis, 19 patients (73.1%) exhibited p15 methylation, whereas only three patients (11.5%) exhibited p16 methylation, all of whom had concomitant p15 methylation. During follow-up, p16 methylation was acquired in two patients, one during the third hematologic relapse, and the other during transformation into therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome. Six patients were evaluated serially with MS-PCR for p15 methylation at diagnosis and at follow-up examinations. Persistent p15 methylation preceded subsequent hematologic relapses in two patients, and conversion to negative MS-PCR for p15 methylation correlated with prolonged survival in another four patients. The 5-year disease-free survival of patients with p15 methylation was significantly inferior to that of patients without p15 methylation (15% v 62.5%; P = .02), and this remained significant in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: In APL, p15 but not p16 gene methylation is frequent. It is possible that p16 methylation is acquired during clonal evolution. p15 methylation is a potential marker of MRD and might be of prognostic significance.
35
Maloney, Kelly W., Loris McGavran, Lorrie F. Odom, and Stephen P. Hunger. "Acquisition of p16INK4Aandp15INK4BGene Abnormalities Between Initial Diagnosis and Relapse in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 93, no. 7 (April 1, 1999): 2380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v93.7.2380.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Although numerous somatic mutations that contribute to the pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been identified, no specific cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities are known to be consistently associated with relapse. Thep16INK4A (p16), which encodes for both p16INK4A and p19ARF proteins, andp15INK4B (p15) genes are inactivated by homozygous deletion and/or p15 promoter hypermethylation in a significant proportion of cases of childhood ALL at the time of initial diagnosis. To determine whether alterations in these genes play a role in disease progression, we analyzed a panel of 18 matched specimen pairs collected from children with ALL at the time of initial diagnosis and first bone marrow relapse for homozygous p16 and/orp15 deletions or p15 promoter hypermethylation. Four sample pairs contained homozygous p16 and p15 deletions at both diagnosis and relapse. Among the 14 pairs that werep16/p15 germline at diagnosis, three ALLs developed homozygous deletions of both p16 and p15, and two developed homozygous p16 deletions and retained p15germline status at relapse. In two patients, p15 promoter hypermethylation developed in the interval between initial diagnosis and relapse. In total, homozygous p16 deletions were present in nine of 18 cases, homozygous p15 deletions in seven of 18 cases, and p15 promoter hypermethylation in two of eight cases at relapse. These findings indicate that loss of function of proteins encoded by p16 and/or p15 plays an important role in the biology of relapsed childhood ALL, and is associated with disease progression in a subset of cases.
36
Martin-Acosta, Paloma, Dolores Sanchez-Massa, Cesareo Corbacho, Carlos Montalban, and Carmen Bellas. "DNA Methylation Changes in Plasma Cell Discrasias." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 1560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1560.1560.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction: Aberrant methylation of the 5′ gene promoter regions is an epigenetic phenomenon that is the one of the major mechanism of inactivation of tumor supressor genes. DNA methylation of the promoter region has been described for several genes in various malignant diseases, and each tumour type may have its own pattern of methylation. To determine the methylation status and expression of cell cycle inhibitors genes (p14, p15, p16), repair genes (MGMT and hMLH1) and the apoptosis regulator gene (DAPKinase) and the possible role of this epigenetic phenomenon in tumour progression of plasma cell disorders, we analyzed the methylation profile of MM, MGUS, and plasmacytomas comparing them with their protein expression. Patients and Methods: A total of 51 cases: 30 MM, 13 MGUS, and 8 plasmacytomas (3 Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma, 5 Extramedullary Plasmacytoma) were included in the study. Bone marrow plasma cells were purified using magnetic microbeads labeled with CD138 in samples with MM and MGUS. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) for p14, p15, p16, MGMT, hMLH1 and DAPKinase was performed. MSP results were matched to protein expression studies by immunohistochemistry for p15, p16, MGMT and hMLH1. Results: The frequency of aberrant methylation among the MM samples was: 50% for p16, 16.7% for p15, 10% for hMLH1, 23.3% for MGMT, 30% for DAPK. In MGUS samples we found 38.5% for p16, 15.4% for p15, 0% for hMLH1, 7.7% for MGMT and 15.4% for DAPK methylation. The frequency of methylation in plasmacytomas was 62.5% for p16, 25% for p15, 0% for hMLH1, 62.5% for MGMT and 50% for DAPK. p14 was unmethylated in all cases (n=51). The correlation between gene methylation status and protein expression was assessed in 17 MM, 11 MGUS, and 8 plasmacytomas and we found that promoter methylation was strongly associated with gene silencing. All the samples methylated had lost the protein expression. In summary these findings demonstrate that aberrant methylation is an important mechanism of gene silencing in plasma cell disorders: 83.3% of MM, 46.1 of MGUS, and 75% of plasmacytomas have at least one hypermethylated gene (figure 1). We also show, that hypermethylation of p16 is a common phenomenon in plasma cell discrasias while there was no methylation of p14. Although the size of sample is small, we found that hMLH1 hypermethylation was found only in MM, while in plasmacytomas hypermethylation of MGMT and DAPK were frequent events. Moreover in survival studies of MM patients, a trend was observed between simultaneous aberrant methylation of hMLH1 and MGMT and poorer survival, but the number of cases studied limits the statistical analysis and the clinical implications of these results. To better define the clinical impact of methylation markers in plasma cell discrasias, it is therefore necessary to analyze a large number of patient samples. Figure 1. Gene methylation profiling of MM(A), MGUS(B), and plasmacytomas(C) using MSPCR Figure 1. Gene methylation profiling of MM(A), MGUS(B), and plasmacytomas(C) using MSPCR
37
Hatta, Y., T. Hirama, CW Miller, Y. Yamada, M. Tomonaga, and HP Koeffler. "Homozygous deletions of the p15 (MTS2) and p16 (CDKN2/MTS1) genes in adult T-cell leukemia." Blood 85, no. 10 (May 15, 1995): 2699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v85.10.2699.bloodjournal85102699.
Full textAbstract:
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is associated with prior infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Twenty to 40 years often elapse from viral infection to overt ATL, suggesting that other genetic events must occur to produce frank leukemia. The p15 (MTS2) and p16 (CDKN2/MTS1) genes located on chromosome 9p have been implicated as candidate tumor-suppressor genes in several types of tumors. We examined for alterations of these genes in ATL using Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analyses. Both p15 and p16 genes were homozygously deleted in 4 of 23 acute/lymphomatous ATL (17%). An additional 3 (13%) and 4 (17%) acute/lymphomatous samples had hemizygous deletions in at least one exon of p15 and p16, respectively. One of 14 chronic ATL samples had a homozygously deleted p16 gene and another had a hemizygous deletion of p16. Neither homozygous nor hemizygous deletions of the p15 gene were found in chronic ATL. In total, 10 of 37 (27%) ATL samples had loss of the p15 and/or p16 genes. No point mutations of the p15 and p16 genes were found. The ATL patient with a homozygously deleted p16 in the chronic phase rapidly progressed to acute ATL and died within 6 months of the initial diagnosis. One instructive patient had no detectable deletion of the p15 and p16 genes during the chronic phase of ATL but had a homozygous deletions of both genes when she progressed to acute ATL. Our results suggest an association of p15/p16 deletions with development of acute ATL.
38
Cao, Tinghua, Isabelle Desombere, Peter Vanlandschoot, Matti Sällberg, and Geert Leroux-Roels. "Characterization of HLA DR13-restricted CD4+ T cell epitopes of hepatitis B core antigen associated with self-limited, acute hepatitis B." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 3023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3023.
Full textAbstract:
The HLA DR13 allele has been associated with a self-limited course of hepatitis B virus infection, possibly through the induction of a more vigorous hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and/or hepatitis B e antigen-specific CD4+ T cell response. HBcAg-specific CD4+ T cell responses were investigated in three HLA DR13-positive subjects with self-limited, acute hepatitis B. HBcAg-specific, short-term T cell lines derived from these three subjects showed a dominant recognition of HBcAg peptides spanning aa 1–20 (P1), 11–30 (P2), 41–60 (P5), 111–131 (P12) and 141–160 (P15). In order to characterize these epitopes in more detail, CD4+ T cell clones and cell lines were generated using HBcAg. Surprisingly, 11 of 12 T cell clones examined recognized P15; one recognized P10 (aa 91–111). Of four T cell lines, two recognized P15 and two recognized P5. By peptide mapping, the minimal epitope of P15 was located to residues 147TVVRRRGRSP156.
39
Purwanto, Setiyo, Rachmat Abdul Gani, and Erna Suryani. "Characteristics of Ultisols derived from basaltic andesite materials and their association with old volcanic landforms in Indonesia." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 17, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.38301.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The common problem with Ultisols is their low pH and soil fertility, with liming and fertilization being common solutions to overcome this problem; however, studies on Ultisol soil parent materials are still rare. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of Ultisols derived from andesite and basaltic andesite parent materials. In 2016–2017, five Ultisol pedons (P8, P9, P10, P11, and P15) were sampled from basaltic andesites and other associations. The five pedons consisted of 19 soil samples. The chemical and mineralogical properties of the soils were analyzed. It was found that the color of the basaltic andesite Ultisols varied from hue of 2.5 YR to 10 YR, with value of 3–5 and chroma of 2–8. The Ultisols derived from andesite/diorite (P8) were dominated by rock fragments (52–77%), while those derived from andesitic breccia (P9) were dominated by opaques (62–67%), those from basaltic andesite tuff/lava by weathering minerals (44–52%) and hydragilite (28–34%), those from basaltic andesite (P11) by quartz (48%) and (P15) by opaques (79–89%). The mineral reserves varied from very low (0–4%) in pedons P8, P9, P11, and P15 to very high (> 40%) in pedon P10. The results of this study are expected to be used as a guide for future agricultural development on Ultisols.</p>
40
Kowalski, Timothy J., Andrea M. Ster, and Gerard P. Smith. "Ontogeny of hyperphagia in the Zucker ( fa/fa) rat." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 275, no. 4 (October 1, 1998): R1106—R1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1998.275.4.r1106.
Full textAbstract:
The ontogeny of hyperphagic behavior in the Zucker fatty ( fa/ fa) rat was examined. Wild-type, +/ fa, and fa/ fapups aged postnatal day 5( P5), P9, P12, P15, and P18 were evaluated using a test that measured ingestive behavior independent of the dam. The independent ingestive test consisted of giving pups access to a test solution [half-and-half (cream and milk)] on a tissue on the floor of a test chamber for 20 min. The latency to ingest and the intake (weight gain and percent weight gain) were measured and normalized to +/ fa littermates. Pups were tested once to eliminate any effects of test experience. fa/ faPups ingested significantly more than lean pups (+/+ and +/ fa) on P12, P15, and P18, but not on P5 or P9. The latencies of fa/ fapups did not differ significantly from the latencies of +/+ pups except on P18, when the latencies of fa/ fapups were significantly shorter. The latencies of +/ fa pups were significantly longer than the latencies of fa/ faor +/+ pups on P5 and P12. These results demonstrate that hyperphagia in fa/ farats emerges between P9 and P12 under the test conditions used.
41
Bleykasten-Grosshans, Claudine, H. Guilley, S. Bouzoubaa, K. E. Richards, and G. Jonard. "Independent Expression of the First Two Triple Gene Block Proteins of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus Complements Virus Defective in the Corresponding Gene but Expression of the Third Protein Inhibits Viral Cell-to-Cell Movement." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 10, no. 2 (March 1997): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1997.10.2.240.
Full textAbstract:
Cell-to-cell movement of beet necrotic yellow vein furovirus is controlled by three slightly overlapping genes on RNA 2 called the triple gene block (TGB) encoding, in order, P42, P13, and P15. Synthesis of P42 is directed by subgenomic RNA 2suba while synthesis of both P13 and P15 is probably directed by a dicistronic subgenomic RNA, 2subb. For complementation experiments, each TGB protein gene was inserted into a “replicon” derived from viral RNA 3. In mixed infections, the replicons expressing P42 and P13 complemented RNA 2 mutants defective in the corresponding gene. A P15-containing replicon did not complement a P15-defective RNA 2 but complementation was observed with a dicistronic replicon containing the P15 gene placed behind the P13 gene. In mixed infections with wild-type viral RNAs, the P15-containing replicon did not inhibit viral RNA replication in protoplasts but blocked local lesion formation on leaves. Infection of leaves was also inhibited by an RNA3-derived replicon containing the third TGB gene from another furovirus, peanut clump virus. The results are consistent with a model in which viral cell-to-cell movement requires production of appropriate relative amounts of P13 and P15, and their expression from a dicistronic subgenomic RNA provides a mechanism for coordinating their synthesis.
42
De Cave, Fabiana, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Chiara Gregorj, Maria Rosaria Ricciardi, Samantha Decandia, Paola Bergamo, Sara Santinelli, et al. "Protein Expression of p15 and p21 Plays an Unfavorable Prognostic Role in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients Independently of Their Gene Promoter Methylation Status." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2802.2802.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor (TS) genes is a hallmark in human leukemias, particularly through DNA methylation. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) are, among other genes, frequently found methylated in their promoter region. This epigenetic modification has been described also in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the relationship between aberrant DNA methylation and protein expression of TS genes has not yet been extensively evaluated in adult ALL series. The aim of this study was to analyze in primary cells from newly diagnosed adult ALL patients, uniformly treated according to the LAL2000 GIMEMA protocol, the promoter methylation status of p73, p21, p15 and p16, evaluating in addition the p21, p15 and p16 protein expression. The DNA methylation status of promoter regions was investigated, according to cell availability, using a widely accepted method based on bisulfite modification of DNA, followed by methylation-specific PCR assay (MSP). Protein expression was evaluated by Western blot. Normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, as already described, resulted unmethylated for p73, p21, p15 and p16, and did not express the p21, p15 and p16 proteins. In ALL patients, in contrast, only the p21 promoter region was found constantly unmethylated. The p15, p16 and p73 promoter genes were found methylated in 15/37 (40.5%), 8/43 (18.6%) and 9/36 (25%) patients, respectively. Only 2/23 cases (8.6%) resulted simultaneously methylated for p15, p16 and p73. The p21 and p15 protein expression was found in 28/85 (32.9%) and 44/85 cases (51.8%), respectively. The p16 protein, in contrast, was never expressed. The p16 methylation was associated with the T-ALL (P=0.005) phenotype and with higher white blood cell (WBC) counts (P=0.027). Resistance to spontaneous induction of apoptosis was significantly associated with p21 protein expression (P=0.019) and its co-expression with p15 (P=0.049). Achievement of CR was not influenced by gene methylation status, nor by single protein expression. Interestingly, the co-expression of p15 and p21 was associated with failure to induction treatment: only 6/63 (9.5%) patients co-expressing p15 and p21 obtained a CR (P=0.027). Multivariate analysis confirmed the unfavorable role of this protein co-expression (P=0.059) on CR achievement. In contrast, once patients achieved remission, p21 protein expression was associated with a prolonged DFS, as confirmed by multivariate analysis for DFS (P=0.039). In conclusion, p15 and p21 protein expression plays an unfavorable prognostic role in adult ALL patients independently of the p73, p21, p15 and p16 gene promoter methylation status.
43
A, HENRY, DAULAY M.S, and GUPTA B.S. "PHENOTYPIC STABILITY IN CLUSTERBEAN." Madras Agricultural Journal 77, september December (1990): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01981.
Full textAbstract:
There was a significant variation for genotypes and genotype x environment interaction for seed yield in cluster beans. The linear as well as non linear components were significant. Genotypes guar 46-P7 and guar 44-P15-2 were stable under fluctuating environmental conditions. Genotypes guar 46-P24-1, 4210(26), guar 46-P16-2, guar 44-P10 appeared to be the best for favourable growing seasons, while guar 46-P3-1, guar 46-P17-1 and guar 46-P27-1 were suitable for unfavourable growing conditions. The exploitation of these genotypes in a breeding programme will help in improving the productivity of the crop in its growing areas.
44
Yamada, Y., Y. Hatta, K. Murata, K. Sugawara, S. Ikeda, M. Mine, T. Maeda, et al. "Deletions of p15 and/or p16 genes as a poor-prognosis factor in adult T-cell leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 15, no. 5 (May 1997): 1778–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1997.15.5.1778.
Full textAbstract:
PURPOSE To determine the frequency of the deletions of p15/p16 genes in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells and to evaluate their value in the diagnosis of clinical subtypes of ATL patients and the prediction of their clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral-blood samples from 114 patients with ATL were examined by Southern blot analysis. In five chronic-type patients who showed disease progression to acute type, serial samples also were examined. RESULTS Among 114 patients, 28 (24.6%) showed the deletions of p15 and/or p16 genes. The results were well correlated with the clinical subtypes. Patients with deleted p15 and/or p16 genes had significantly shorter survival times than the patients in whom both genes were preserved (P < .0001). A similar decline in survival time was observed in the analyses within the same subtypes. In multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model, the deletions of p15 and/or p16 genes emerged as an independent prognostic indicator. Moreover, three of the five chronic-type patients who progressed to acute type lost the p16 gene alone or both the p15 and p16 genes at their exacerbation phase. CONCLUSION The results suggest the following: (1) that the deletions of p15 and/or p16 genes play a key role in the progression of ATL; and (2) that these deletions are reliable prognostic factors that predict shortened survival times.
45
Boubekri, Kenza, Abdoulaye Soumare, Ilham Mardad, Karim Lyamlouli, Mohamed Hafidi, Yedir Ouhdouch, and Lamfeddal Kouisni. "The Screening of Potassium- and Phosphate-Solubilizing Actinobacteria and the Assessment of Their Ability to Promote Wheat Growth Parameters." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030470.
Full textAbstract:
Soil fertility and plant nutrition require an adequate management of essential macronutrients such as potassium (K) and phosphorus (P), which are mandatory for plant development. Bioleaching of K and P bearing minerals improves their chemical weathering and increases the performance of the biofertilization strategies. In this study, in vitro and greenhouse experiments were carried out to investigate P and K solubilization traits of nine Actinobacteria (P13, P14, P15, P16, P17, P18, BC3, BC10, and BC11) under fertilization with rock phosphate (RP). K and P solubilization were evaluated on Alexandrov and NBRIP media containing mica and six RP samples, respectively. The actinobacterial strains were able to solubilize K in Alexandrov medium supplemented with RP. However, when soluble P was used instead of RP, only four strains of Actinobacteria (Streptomyces alboviridis P18–Streptomyces griseorubens BC3–Streptomyces griseorubens BC10 and Nocardiopsis alba BC11) solubilized K. The solubilization values of K ranged from 2.6 to 41.45 mg/L while those of P varied from 0.1 to 32 mg/L. Moreover, all strains were able to produce IAA, siderophore, HCN, and ammonia and significantly improved the germination rate and the vigor index of wheat. The pot experiments revealed that four strains (Streptomyces alboviridis P18, Streptomyces griseorubens BC3, Streptomyces griseorubens BC10, and Nocardiopsis alba BC11) significantly improved the growth parameters of wheat, namely root length (1.75–23.84%), root volume (41.57–71.46%), root dry weight (46.89–162.41%), shoot length (8.92–23.56%), and shoot dry weight (2.56–65.68%) compared to the uninoculated control. These findings showed that Streptomyces griseorubens BC10 and Nocardiopsis alba BC11 are promising candidates for the implementation of efficient biofertilization strategies to improve soil fertility and plant yield under rock P and rock K fertilization.
46
Yeganeh, Omid, Kamran Alimoghaddam, Seyed Hamidolah Ghaffari, Shahrbano Rostami, Mahdi Jalili, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri, and Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh. "P15 and P16 Promoters Methylation Status in APL Patients Treated by Arsenic Trioxide." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 4682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4682.4682.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Abstract 4682 Introduction Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes P15 & P16 due to Hypermethylation has a critical role in progression of cancer. We analyzed the meltylation status of promoter region of these two genes and their correlation with patients survival in APL patients treated with ATO without chemotherapy and /or ATRA. Methods Patients treated by Arsenic Trioxide without ATRA or chemotherapy and 45 newly diagnosed and 5 relapsed were enrolled in our study. Whole blood DNA was extracted and modified by sodium bisulphite reaction. Then methylation status was studied by MS-PCR and gel electrophoresis. Also for newly diagnosed patients, early mortality, disease-free and overall survival compared between methylated or non-methylated groups. Results Of 45 new cases, 31patients(69%) had methylated P15 but no patient had methylated P16. Eighty percent of relapsed patients had methylated P15 too, and no relapsed patient had methylated P16. DFS and OS correlated significantly with methylation status of P15 ( P=0.05 and 0.04) for patients who achieve to CR after treatment but it has no correlation with early motility during treatment course. Actually methyaltion of P15 improve chance of DFS and OS. Conclusion P15 but not P16 is frequently methylated in APL. Although in some studies, methyaltion of P15 negatively affected prognosis of APL patients treated by ATRA but it has no adverse effect when Arsenic Trioxide used in induction and cosolidation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
47
Ng, M. H. L., Y. F. Chung, K. W. Lo, N. W. R. Wickham, J. C. K. Lee, and D. P. Huang. "Frequent Hypermethylation of p16 and p15 Genes in Multiple Myeloma." Blood 89, no. 7 (April 1, 1997): 2500–2506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.7.2500.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Both p16 and p15, encoded by the genes located on chromosome 9p21, are inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK4/6) and the upstream regulators of Rb function. In hematopoietic malignancies, deletion of p16/p15 locus has been shown to be highly specific to lymphoid, and more particularly from B-lineage malignancies except multiple myeloma (MM). To investigate whether these genes are inactivated by deletions, mutations, and hypermethylation of the 5′ CpG islands, we examined 12 MM patients by Southern hybridization and polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. No deletions nor mutations of the p16 and p15 genes were found. However, hypermethylation was observed in 75% for p16 and 67% for p15 in our group of MM patients. Such high frequencies of involvement of these genes in MM make them hitherto the most common genetic abnormalities in this disease. Concomitant hypermethylation, uncommon thus far in the literature of the study of these genes, is a rather common phenomenon, occurring in 67% of our patient group. Moreover, hypermethylation of p16/p15 was associated with blastic disease and concomitant hypermethylation of both genes may be pathogenetically related to plasmacytoma development. These results indicate that these genes are important in MM pathogenesis. Here we report, for the first time in the literature, the high incidences of p16 and p15 alterations in MM, not by homozygous deletions or mutations, but solely by hypermethylation of the 5′ CpG islands, which may be a specific mechanism in this disease.
48
Dawe, Sandra, and Roy Duncan. "The S4 Genome Segment of Baboon Reovirus Is Bicistronic and Encodes a Novel Fusion-Associated Small Transmembrane Protein." Journal of Virology 76, no. 5 (March 1, 2002): 2131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.5.2131-2140.2002.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT We demonstrate that the S4 genome segment of baboon reovirus (BRV) contains two sequential partially overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), both of which are functional in vitro and in virus-infected cells. The 15-kDa gene product (p15) of the 5"-proximal ORF induces efficient cell-cell fusion when expressed by itself in transfected cells, suggesting that p15 is the only viral protein required for induction of syncytium formation by BRV. The p15 protein is a small, hydrophobic, basic, integral membrane protein, properties shared with the p10 fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins encoded by avian reovirus and Nelson Bay reovirus. As with p10, the BRV p15 protein is also a nonstructural protein and, therefore, is not involved in virus entry. Sequence analysis indicates that p15 shares no significant sequence similarity with the p10 FAST proteins and contains a unique repertoire and arrangement of sequence-predicted structural and functional motifs. These motifs include a functional N-terminal myristylation consensus sequence, an N-proximal proline-rich motif, two potential transmembrane domains, and an intervening polybasic region. The unique structural properties of p15 suggest that this protein is a novel member of the new family of FAST proteins.
49
Thorimbert, Serge, Candice Botuha, and Kevin Passador. "‘Heteroaromatic Rings of the Future’: Exploration of Unconquered Chemical Space." Synthesis 51, no. 02 (November 7, 2018): 384–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611279.
Full textAbstract:
William Pitt and co-workers have created a virtual exploratory heterocyclic library ‘VEHICLe’ containing over 200 unconquered bicyclic heteroaromatic rings, synthetically feasible with potential medicinal interest. Since the publication of the 22 ‘heteroaromatic rings of the future’ by Pitt in 2009, 15 of them have been successfully synthesized as bicyclic or polycyclic forms and evaluated for applications in both biology and material science. This short review presents the critical synthesis associated with innovative synthetic methodologies of the synthetically conquered ring scaffolds from the list of 22 with a spotlight on the scientific contribution of this fascinating article for the expansion of the chemical diversity.1 Introduction2 Heteroaromatic Rings of the Future: The Synthetic challenge?2.1 4-Pyrido[1,3]oxazin-4-one-P1 2.2 Pyrrolo[2,1-b][1,3]oxazin-4-one-P4 2.3 Furo[2,1-e]pyridazin-4(1H)-one-P5 2.4 Isoxazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-7-one-P6 2.5 5H,6H-[1,2]Thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-5-one-P7 2.6 4H,5H-Furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-one-P8 2.7 1H,5H,6H-Pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-5-one-P9 2.8 Thieno[3,4-c]pyridazine-P10 2.9 Pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,2,3]triazine-P11 2.10 Thieno[3,4-a]oxazole-P12 2.11 2,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,2-c]pyrazole-P13 2.12 Pyrazolo[1,5-b]isoxazole-P14 2.13 Imidazo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-3(2H)-one-P16 2.14 Cyclopenta[b][1,4]oxazin-5(4H)-one-P17 2.15 2,3-Dihydro-2,6-naphthyridin-3-one-P18 3 Conclusion
50
Laurendeau, Ingrid, Michel Bahuau, Nicolas Vodovar, Claire Larramendy, Martine Olivi, Ivan Bieche, Michel Vidaud, and Dominique Vidaud. "TaqMan PCR-based Gene Dosage Assay for Predictive Testing in Individuals from a Cancer Family with INK4 Locus Haploinsufficiency." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 982–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.7.982.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: A genetic syndrome of cutaneous malignant melanoma and nervous system tumors recently has been characterized and shown to be linked to the INK4 locus in the 9p21 region. Hemizygosity at adjacent physically mapped microsatellite markers indicated deletion of p16, p19, and p15 clustered tumor suppressors. Because individuals from this family could benefit from predictive testing in terms of cancer prevention, we developed a direct test without need to analyze parental DNAs to comply with the rules of individual consent and secrecy. Methods: We developed an assay using TaqManTM real-time quantitative PCR, with p15 as the test sequence and albumin (ALB) as the reference gene. The normalized ratio of p15/ALB is expected to yield a value of ∼1 in individuals without the deletion, whereas a ratio of ∼0.5, indicating p15 haploinsufficiency, is expected in predisposed individuals. Results: All patients harboring the previously defined at-risk haplotype were correctly identified using this approach. In six individuals with deletions, the p15/ALB ratios were 0.472–0.556 (SD, 0.013–0.078). In the five individuals without deletions, the ratios were 0.919–1.019 (SD, 0.006–0.075). Conclusions: This is the first report of a high-throughput, automatable gene dosage assay successfully applied to the identification of a germ-line deletion. This approach, not limited by marker informativeness or the need for harvesting live cells, can be applied to any condition with haploinsufficiency and extended to the characterization of most abnormalities of the ploidy.