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Davies, Gareth Benjamin Harverd. "Environmental packaging." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5340.
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The food packaging industry is a £300bn global industry growing at a rate of 12% per year and increasingly favouring polymer or polymer-based materials. This generates 58m tonnes of "plastic" packaging waste annually in the EU and poses significant challenges for management given existing legislative constraints and increasing concerns surrounding the environmental impacts. The government, consumers, food retailers and pressure groups are all driving the demand for biodegradable packaging from renewable resources that can be disposed of with reduced impacts to the environment. Green Peace has devised a pyramid classification system of "Poisonous Plastics", which ranks plastics in terms of their harmfulness to the environment. They are campaigning against the use of oil-based materials and advocating the take up of biodegradable materials. The market for biodegradable food packaging is expanding rapidly but is still in its early stages of development and has not reached a critical mass to achieve significant market penetration. This is predominantly due to a lack of suitable materials that meet all environmental, functional and economical requirements. Whilst the long-term solution requires continued efforts in materials research and development, in the shorter term, changing working practices can abate the environmental impact of the industry. This research project tackled the challenge of environmental packaging from several directions: A novel starch-based material was developed that would fill the current gap in the food packaging market and facilitate recovery of the used materials by home composting. Using the sponsoring organisation as a case study, it was proved that by changing working practices by increasing rework and re-processing waste material for use in lower grade applications, both manufacturing costs and environmental impact can be reduced, thus benefiting both industry and the environment. A Life Cycle Assessment of selected biopolymers and oil-based polymers confirmed Green Peace's damning view of PVC and highlighted the need to develop biopolymers further. A domestic composting study of a range of commercially available "biodegradable" polymer materials revealed that a number of biodegradable packaging materials may typically biodegrade well in industrial high-temperature composting systems but fail to biodegrade under a low-temperature home composting environment and thus alerted the potential pitfall in waste management of some biodegradable polymers.
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Raungpaka, Thirada. "conceptual packaging." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/975.
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Packaging and package design is commonly thought of as a tool to attract the consumer to material goods. Packages, however, have other attributes. In Japan, packaging design is very charming because of the delicate selection of materials, images, and interaction. Different kinds of material provide different emotions and appeal to our sense of touch, which can be interpreted in many ways. Packaging lets us directly interact with an object and this experience becomes memorable and intimate. The combination of image and interaction creates another dimension of story telling. My creative project, Conceptual Packaging, is an experiment in using materials and forms to package immaterial concepts and messages such as memories.
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Oden, Tomiko. "Simpler packaging /." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/grcsp/10.
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Thesis (B.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009.<br>Project advisor: Brian Lawler. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Jan. 20, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.
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Dahl, Emil. "MOSFET Packaging for Low Voltage DC/DC Converter : Comparing embedded PCB packaging to newly developed packaging." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-165429.
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This thesis studies the options of using PCB embedding bare die power MOSFET and new packaging of MOSFET to increase the power density in a PCB. This is to decrease the winding losses in an isolated DC/DC converter which, according to "Flex Power Modules", can be done by improving the interleaving between the layers of the transformer and/or decreasing the AC loop. To test the MOSFET packaging two layout are made from a reference PCB, one using embedded MOSFET and the other using the new packaging. The leakage induction and winding losses are simulated and if they are lower compared to the reference PCB prototypes are manufactured. The simulated result is that PCB embedded MOSFET decrease the leakage induction but the winding loss is higher. With the new packaging the leakage induction is higher and the winding loss has linear characteristics. Only the PCB with the new MOSFET packaging is made because the MOSFET die gate pad is too small for the PCB manufacturer to make a via connection to it. The PCB is tested that it operates as a DC/DC converter with a 40-60 V input and a 12 V output. The PCB is put on a test board in a wind-tunnel to test its characteristics under different wind speeds, input voltage and loads. The result is that the PCB has a higher efficiency than the reference PCB but it has worse thermal resistance. Further development of the design needs to be made to improve the thermal resistance. Using new packaging is a way to continue the development of power converter with lower efficiency but embedding MOSFET needs a less complicated manufacturing process before there is any widespread usage.
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Kubon, Petr Pp. "Information packaging revisited." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0027/NQ51885.pdf.
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Alkozei, Mirwais, and Dipta Subhra Guha. "Optimizing packaging management." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302449.
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This project was carried out at Saint Gobain Sekurit AB. The company is a leading manufacturer ofglazing and operates within the automotive industry. The purpose of the project was to create a supply chain model to optimize the packaging management of racks which are customer owned. These are used to transport finished products to the customers of Saint Gobain. When the empty packaging is return it is stored until needed for production. The company needs to optimize the management and tracking of racks for which the company intends to develop a solution model which can provide the company with the needed information for better management and tracking. The project entailed to define parameters in the company’s IT environment and make sure that they can be used in practice. The cockpit has been categorized into three different hard coded modules which are built in Excel VBA, and an analysis module. The hard coded modules do the following: - Give visual, easy to read, overview of stocks- Generate triggers for operational actions to avoid shortages of racks and to minimize costs- Allow easy reconciliation with movements in customers portal and ease the reclamation process The analysis module of the cockpit functions as a basis for providing input for strategic decisions considering investment, layout of storage, and scrap. The design specification of the cockpit has been based of the needs of the stakeholders in the company and it has been built based on the available reports. Furthermore, user instructions has been developed, and selected personell has been trained in the usage of the implemented cockpit.<br>Detta projekt genomfördes på Saint Gobain Sekurit AB. Företaget är en ledande tillverkare av glasrutor och verkar inom fordonsindustrin. Syftet var att skapa en leveranskedjemodell för att optimera hanteringen av återanvändbara ställningar som ägs av kunder. Dessa används för att transportera färdiga produkter till Saint Gobains kunder. När en tom ställning returneras lagras den tills den behövs för produktion. Vad företaget behövde var optimering av hantering och spårning av återanvändbara ställningar vilket företaget ville bygga en cockpit för att tillhandahålla nödvändig information. Projektet innebar att definiera parametrar i företagets IT-miljö och se till att dessa kan användas i praktiken. Cockpiten har delats in i tre olika hårdkodade moduler som är byggda i Excel VBA, och en analysmodul. De hårdkodade modulerna gör följande: - ger en visuell, lättläst översikt över lagerstatus- genererar utlösare för operativa åtgärder för att undvika brist och minimera kostnader- möjliggör enkel avstämning med rörelser i kundportalen och underlättar reklamationsprocessen Cockpitens analysmodul fungerar som en grund för att ge input för strategiska beslut med tanke på investeringar, lagerlayout och skrotning. Designspecifikationen för cockpiten har baserats på behoven hos intressenterna i företaget och cockpiten har byggts utifrån tillgängliga rapporter. Dessutom har användarinstruktioner utvecklats och personal på företaget utbildats i användningen av den implementerade cockpiten.
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Chan, Ping-sum. "The impact of German packaging regulations and similar regulations in different countries on Hong Kong and the Hong Kong's economy /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13498551.
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Dorman, Denise Maja. "HIV-1 packaging dynamics and inhibition by transcripts containing packaging signal sequences." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621876.
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Williams, Callida A. "Packaging System Redesign: A Study in Designing More Sustainable Product Packaging Systems." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1281970963.
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Quillinan, Cormac. "Application packaging tracking system." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2007. http://165.236.235.140/lib/CQuillinan2007.pdf.
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Tse, Laam Angela. "MEMS packaging with stereolithography." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17025.
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Ma, Lei. "Design Informatics for Packaging." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507634.
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Moon, David Henry. "Packaging studies with poliovirus." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306823.
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Spieser, Hugo. "Smart and Safe packaging." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI061.
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En lien avec les dernières innovations dans le domaine des emballages, ce projet collaboratif a pour but d’implémenter de nouveaux micro- et nanomatériaux innovants pour le développement d’emballages actifs et intelligents dans le domaine alimentaire et médical. Il se focalise en particulier sur deux stratégies : le développement d’emballages antibactériens d’un côté et de capteurs de gaz de l’autre. La première stratégie est donc dédiée à l’utilisation combinée de nanofils d’argent et de nanofibrilles de cellulose pour la production de surfaces antibactériennes. La formulation d’encres ainsi que les paramètres de dépôt ont été optimisés pour différent procédés tels que l’enduction ou l’impression sérigraphique. Une forte activité antibactérienne contre des souches bactériennes Gram-positive mais aussi Gram-négative a été prouvée pour toutes les surfaces préparées. Des propriétés intéressantes relatives au domaine des emballage actifs ont aussi été démontrées telles que la conservation d’une haute transparence et l’amélioration des propriétés barrières. Dans la seconde stratégie, des capteurs de gaz ont été préparés en utilisant un mélange actif composé de Cuivre benzène-1,3,5-tricarboxylate Metal Organic Framework et de carbone-graphène, déposé sur des électrodes flexibles produites par sérigraphie. Les capteurs sont faciles à produire et ont été optimisés pour présenter de bonnes performances à la fois pour détecter et quantifier l’ammoniac gazeux mais aussi servir de capteurs d’humidité, ce qui prouve leur versatilité et leur important potentiel industriel. Ce projet a donc conduit à différentes solutions innovantes qui peuvent relever les défis de l’industrie des emballages<br>In line with the latest innovations in the packaging field, this joint project aims at implementing new and innovative micro- and nanoparticles for the development of active and intelligent packaging solutions dedicated to food and medical packaging applications. More specifically, the project combines two major developments which both falls within the scope of active and intelligent packaging. In this work, a specific focus was given to the development of an antibacterial packaging solution and to the development of smart gas sensors. The antibacterial strategy developed was based on the combination of two active materials - silver nanowires and cellulose nanofibrils - to prepare antibacterial surfaces. The formulation as an ink and the deposition processing has been deeply studied for different surface deposition processes that include coatings or screen-printing. Results showed surfaces that display strong antibacterial activity both against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but also interesting properties for active packaging applications such as a highly retained transparency or enhanced barrier properties. Regarding the second strategy, gas sensors have been prepared using a combination of Copper benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate Metal Organic Framework and carbon-graphene materials, deposited on flexible screen-printed electrodes. The easy-to-produce and optimized sensors exhibit good performances toward ammonia and toward humidity sensing, proving the versatility and the great potential of such solution to be adapted for different target applications. The results of this project lead to innovative solutions that can meet the challenges raised by the packaging industry
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Halawani, Nour. "Innovative materials for packaging." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI010/document.
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Ce travail porte sur l'étude du mélange thermodurcissable - thermoplastique (époxyamine / polyetherimide avec séparation de phase) pour évaluer les performances électriques et thermiques. Ces matériaux seraient des nouveaux candidats pour remplacer la couche d'encapsulation dans les semi-conducteurs, par exemple ceux utilisés comme interrupteur dans les applications électroniques de puissance. Les mélanges de polymères seraient un nouveau candidat en tant qu'isolant pour le système. La matrice epoxy-amine seul et les melanges epoxy / Polyetherimide on été caractérisés par microscopie électronique à transmission, microscopie électronique à balayage, Calorimétrie différentielle à balayage, analyse thermogravimétrique, analyse mécanique dynamique, analyse diélectrique avec simulation analytique et des mesures de conductivité électrique et de tension de claquage ont également été entreprises. Ces techniques complémentaires ont d'abord été utilisées pour étudier la séparation de phases et ensuite pour quantifier la taille des nodules de thermoplastiques dans la matrice thermodurcissable. Cette séparation de phase a été examiné et a montré une diminution des valeurs diélectriques de 15% et une augmentation de la tension de claquage par rapport au système époxy-amine pur<br>This work deals with the study of thermoset-thermoplastic blend (epoxy-amine/poly-etherimide phase separated) to assess the electrical and thermal performances. These materials would be new candidates to replace the encapsulation layer in semiconductors, for example ones used as switches in power electronic applications. Polymers blends would be a novel candidate as an insulator for the system. Pure epoxy system as well as Epoxy/Polyetherimide blends where characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, dielectric analysis with analytical simulation, electrical conductivity and breakdown voltage measurements. These complementary techniques were used first to investigate the presence of the phase separation phenomenon and secondly to quantify the separated nodules size. The effect of this phase separation was examined and showed a decrease in the dielectric values of 15 % and an increase in the breakdown voltage compared to the pure epoxy system. It was finally simulated to show a close assumption of what is found experimentally
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Misciagna, Alice <1988>. "Il packaging tradizionale giapponese." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5464.
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È risaputo che il popolo giapponese ricerchi l’estetica anche nel quotidiano: un esempio che tutti avranno presente è la cucina, pensata per appagare vista, olfatto e gusto dell’altro. Si può ritrovare un’intenzione simile anche nelle molteplici forme di packaging tradizionale: pensato per appagare tatto e vista, ma allo stesso tempo intriso di funzionalità. Viene definito 日本の伝統パッケージ Nihon no dentō pakkēji, ovvero packaging tradizionale giapponese, un pacchetto o un contenitore creato con materiali naturali o derivati, senza l’ausilio di macchine per la produzione di massa.
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Newbill, Joseph Kevin. "Instructional material through computers and photography /." Online version of thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11295.
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Ford, Allison. "Packaging as a marketing tool : adolescents' perceptions of branded and plain tobacco packaging." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21789.
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Plain packaging first appeared on the UK policy agenda in the Department of Health’s 2008 ‘Consultation on the Future of Tobacco Control’. Since then, plain (or standardised) packaging has been framed through the potential benefit to young people. Within the period of this thesis, plain packaging has been actively debated and draft plain packaging regulations were published in June 2014. An extended literature review of academic and practitioner marketing literature, internal tobacco company documents and public health packaging research, establishes that the research informing the policy debate, while consistent in its approach and findings, fails to recognise the strategic nature of pack design, the full extent of the influence that branded design can have on consumer responses, and the importance of product design as a marketing tool. This thesis attempts to address these gaps in the plain packaging evidence base. It explores if, and how, adolescents engage with different styles of packaging and product design, whether or not an association between tobacco packaging and adolescent smoking exists, and whether it is possible to observe cognitive, affective and behavioural responses to packaging. The study uses a sequential exploratory mixed methodology design with two stages of research. First, focus groups were conducted with 15 year olds (n=48) to explore adolescent responses to tobacco packaging and product design. The findings show that adolescents are most appreciative of ‘novelty’ pack designs. These ‘novelty’ packs, for instance with innovative structures or distinctive designs and colours, generated positive user imagery and influenced affective feelings among participants. Cigarettes with slim diameters, white tips and decorative designs increased appeal and communicated a weaker tasting and less harmful product. Conversely, a plain pack eliminated positive perceptions and feelings, and exposed tobacco as harmful, dirty and not for young people. The qualitative findings were used to develop measures and hypotheses which were tested in a quantitative survey. The second stage of research utilised a cross-sectional in-home survey (n=1373) with 11 to 16 year olds. Respondents were asked to rate three different pack styles - ‘novelty’, ‘regular’ and ‘plain’ - on 11 pack ratings items and four pack feelings items. The findings show adolescents hold ‘novelty’ packaging in higher regard than ‘regular’ packaging across pack ratings items. There were fewer differences between ‘novelty’ and ‘regular’ packaging for the pack feelings items. Plain packaging was consistently rated most negatively across all survey items. Logistic regressions, controlling for factors known to influence youth smoking, showed that susceptibility to smoke was associated with positive appraisal and also receptivity for ‘novelty’ packaging. There was no association with pack appraisal or receptivity for the plain pack. While susceptibility is not a direct behavioural response it is a reasonable predictor of future tobacco use. Collectively the findings show that ‘novelty’ packaging and product design holds greatest appeal for adolescents. Plain packaging limits the opportunity for tobacco companies to communicate with, mislead and influence consumers. Based upon the role of packaging for consumer goods in general, and tobacco in particular, plain packaging would effectively reduce the promotional role of packaging.
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Röjning, Fredrik, and Fredrik Petersson. "A world without packaging? : How can food retailers reframe the practice of packaging?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415900.
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Considering the increasing competition between brands and products, packaging has become an important framing tool to influence customers' purchasing decisions. However, given the growing environmental concerns, zero packaging has emerged as a new practice to face the challenges of preventing and encouraging the use of packaging. With the introduction of zero packaging, marketers have been forced to reframe the practice of packaging, as artifacts used to create identification and familiarity to form a state of resonance have been removed. To extend the research of resonance within the marketing communication science, the study employed a qualitative approach to explore how food retailers are utilizing the framing concept of resonance as a means to revamp the traditional packaging into zero packaging. To reframe the practice of packaging, the study embraces the concept of cognitive and emotional resonance. The findings impose that food retailers need to create personal alignments with product artifacts, environmental values and containers. By reviewing the contextual marketing communication field, zero packaging, a third resonance was utilized to understand how the food retailers adequately attract, change and retain customers. Subsequently, affirmation was discovered as the key mechanism to achieve motivational resonance, by interfering with customers’ intrinsic and personalized values/desires.
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Ravinuthala, Sridhar. "Thermal management in 3D packaging." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
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Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references.
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Obatoyinbo, Adesunloye. "Supply chain packaging : packaging for optimal inter-region distribution center operations and damage prevention." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37238.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 65).<br>Honeywell International Corporation is a $27.5 billion [1] conglomerate with a diverse portfolio of businesses covering Aerospace, Automation and Controls, Specialty Materials and Transportation. Honeywell's Automation and Controls Solutions (ACS) business is the second largest business group with $9.4 billion in sales in 2005. This business group is further divided into the following strategic business units: * Security (Facilities) * Life Safety * Building Solutions * Process Solutions * Sensing and Control * Environmental and Combustion Controls The Environmental and Combustion Controls (ECC) business unit of Honeywell ACS maintains a global manufacturing and distribution presence. ECC delivers complex systems that control air, water and combustion for both homes and industrial customers. Historically, ECC plants in the EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) region have either had their own warehouses or had a captive third party provider that provided warehousing services offsite. However, recent initiatives in the region have culminated in the adoption of a regional distribution center model. Essentially, clusters of plants are grouped into regions that are served by the same warehouse or distribution center.<br>(cont.) The regional warehouse in Heilbronn Germany (ERD) is the pilot for such a system. Plants in Emmen in the Netherlands, Brno in the Czech Republic, Nagykanisza in Hungary and Schoenaich and Mosbach in Germany, as well as some small Low Risk Distribution (LRD) centers - which stock emergency volumes - in western Europe will all be consolidated and served from the distribution center in Heilbronn. This essentially means that instead of storing their own inventory, all the affected plants will truck all production to the Heilbronn warehouse on a daily basis. The Heilbronn warehouse, which commenced operation in May, 2005 subsequently fulfills all customer orders associated with the locations listed above. During the consolidation exercise, while planning for receipt of goods from the different plants, it became clear that there were multiple packaging standards in use throughout Europe. There thus arose the need to consolidate the different standards into a coherent well-defined standard to enable the new distribution center established at Heilbronn, Germany, to properly handle goods from the different plants.<br>(cont.) Additionally, the newly built ERD had a need for an established set of packing guidelines that may include procedural changes or the establishment of new procedures, changes to the physical setup of the outbound lines (freight and parcel), presentation and replenishment of packaging material and suggestions for improvement for the long term. Receiving guidelines have also been newly instituted for products arriving at the ERD, which also creates a case for compliance for goods being shipped from suppliers including a counterpart warehouse - the Louisville Distribution Center (LDC) - in Louisville, Kentucky. In addition, the LDC had been having difficulty receiving freight from the European plants. The major problems included inadequate labeling, lack of overpacking, inconsistency in packing of mixed pallets and the non-usage of Honeywell 40" X 32" pallets. Since all European plant shipments that formerly shipped directly from each plant would be shipping from ERD in Heilbronn going forward, it became imperative that appropriate packaging standards be developed (in Europe) in order to ensure compliance with receiving guidelines in Louisville at the LDC. Fulfillment through the distribution centers is what drives customer satisfaction.<br>(cont.) No matter how efficient the plants may be, transit through the distribution centers is the proverbial "last mile" that delivers all the efforts of the firm to the customers. I have developed and recommended a packaging standard, which outlines the levels to which packaged products must be tested in preparation for safe shipping. I analyzed current packing practice at the ERD showing relevant cost drivers and made recommendations on ways to pack in order to improve service to the downstream distribution center while keeping costs contained. I developed a framework to guide warehouse management with regards to pallet shipping decisions between the ERD and LDC. Finally, I developed a carton replenishment framework for the ERD that can be adopted for other appropriate ECC warehouses.<br>by Adesunloye Obatoyinbo.<br>S.M.<br>M.B.A.
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Mian, Muhammad Masoud. "Green Packaging Development. : A way to efficient, effective and more environmental friendly packaging solutions." Thesis, KTH, Hållfasthetslära (Inst.), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103749.
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Growing pressure on the packaging design to enhance the environmental and logistics performance of a packaging system stresses the packaging designers to search new design strategies that not only fulfill logistics requirements in the supply chain, but also reduce the CO 2emissions during the packaging life cycle. This thesis focuses on the packaging design process and suggests some improvements by considering its logistics performance and CO 2emissions. A Green packaging development model was proposed for corrugated box design to explore the inter-dependencies that exist among compressive strength, waste and CO2emissions. The verification of the proposed model unveils the significance of a holistic view of the packaging system in the packaging design process and reveals the importance of packaging design decisions on the logistics performance and CO 2 emissions. The thesis finally concluded that the packaging logistics performance should be considered in a packaging design process to explore the Green packaging design solution.
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Lu, Liang, Maria Munar, and Susana Gargallo. "Packaging as a strategic tool." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-803.
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Lal, Sumit. "Biodegradable packaging from whey protein." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/13815.
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Biodegradable packaging films from whey protein concentrate were made in this study. A total of 46 formulations were made in the form of thin (50 - 120um) films by using solvent casting. Additives used in the formulations included plasticizers i.e glycerol and propylene glycol, chaotropic agent i.e guanidine thiocynate, gelation and crosslinker i.e glutaraldehyde. Tensile tests showed an increase in tensile strength with the addition of glutaraldehyde (1.2 v/v) and gelatin (upto 50% wt%). Addition of glycerol, propylene glycol and guanidine thiocynate increased elongation of films. Water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of films containing glycerol, propylene glycol and guanidine thiocynate increased, while films made with gelatin, glutaraldehyde showed lower permeability for oxygen and water. Glass transition temperature was measured by DSC and results showed consistent decrease in Tg with increasing amount of plasticizer and chaotropic agent. Biodegradability was measured by degradation in 1% pancreatin. Results showed lower degradation time for formulations containing increasing proportions of glutaraldehyde and gelatin. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to evaluate changes in covalent bonding post glutaraldehyde crosslinking. Peaks corresponding to stretching of imine bonds were found at 1590 cm-1 suggesting crosslinking reaction between glutaraldehyde and terminal amine residues of whey/gelatin. Scanning electron micrographs showed an increase in relative porosity for compositions containing glycerol when compared to formulation containing only whey. Surface micrographs of formulations with gelatin showed phase separation. The phase separation may be attributed to partial immiscibility of whey with gelatin.
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Williams, Helén. "Food Packaging for Sustainable Development." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för energi-, miljö- och byggteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7328.
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Packaging has been on the environmental agenda for decades. It has been discussed and debated within the society mainly as an environmental problem. Production, distribution and consumption of food and drinks contribute significant to the environmental impact. However, consumers in the EU waste about 20% of the food they buy. The function of packaging in reducing the amount of food losses is an important but often neglected environmental issue. This thesis focuses on the functions of packaging that can be used to preserve resources efficiently and reduce the environmental impact of the food-packaging system. The service perspective is used to increase knowledge about consumer interaction with packages. Fifteen packaging attributes, for example, ‘easy to empty’, ‘hygienic’ and ‘contain the right quantity’, were identified as influencing the amount of food losses at the consumer. The result showed that there are potentials to both increase consumer satisfaction and decrease the environmental impact of the food-packaging system, when new packaging design reduces food losses. A model was developed that calculates the balance of environmental impact between reduction of food losses, and more packaging material. The result showed that it can be environmentally motivated to increase the environmental impact of packaging, if the amount of food losses is reduced. This is especially true for food items with high environmental impact, e.g. meat and dairy products, and for food items that have a high share of loss, e.g. bread. I have also explored to what extent packaging can influence food losses in households. The study showed that about 20% to 25% of household food waste was related to packaging. The households noted three packaging attributes as the main causes for food losses; ‘too big packaging’, ‘difficult to empty’ and ‘best-before-date’. Finally there is a discussion of packaging research in the context of sustainability principles, and suggestions for further research.<br><p>Paper IV was still a manuscript at the time of the thesis defense.</p>
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Bridge, David Richard. "Aspects of electronic device packaging." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1986. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58807/.
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For this work cordierite has been investigated as a possible substitute substrate material for alumina, with particular emphasis on its role in multilayer device packaging. By limiting the processing temperatures to below 1000oC, copper could be used as the conductor material. Milled glass powder was made into thin sheet form by a doctor blading technique and, once dried, the copper screen printed on top. After lamination and firing, the conductor was completely encapsulated by the cordierite matrix. Copper diffusion occ~red with metallic copper precipitating out although a small denuded zone was evident around the periphery of the conductor. This was due to compositional changes occurring there. Experiment showed that the effects of glass particle shape, average size and size distribution lead to deviation in the shrinking of compacts from the theoretical sintering curves. An unstable ~ phase was the first to appear on the glass particle surfaces although another, unidentifiable phase, was also found to exist during the very early stages of crystallization. This was followed shortly after by bulk crystallization of ~ cordierite in the remaining glass, possibly being aided by a prior phase separation. Further heat treatment lead to the transformation to a cordie rite and the formation of enstatite, the exact transformation temperature depending upon the minor oxide additives in the glass. At temperatures above ~10500C protoenstatite formed and lead to a general degradation in material properties. The benefit from having a cordie rite as the principal phase is a low dielectric constant (5.35) and loss angle (5 x 10-4), reasonable strength (130 MPa) and high resistivity (~1015 Qcm). This makes it a suitable replacement for alumina although its low thermal conductivity (~2 Wm-lK-l) is a drawback. By adjusting the MgO/A1203 ratio, the material could be expansion matched to that of silicon.
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Harrison, Todd S. (Todd Samuel) 1976. "Packaging of the MIT Microengine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9248.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000.<br>Also available online at the MIT Theses Online homepage <http://thesis.mit.edu>.<br>"June 2000."<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 84-85).<br>The MIT Microengine Project is an on-going effort to build a MEMS based gas turbine engine and turbo generator. This thesis covers the development and testing of the packaging needed for the microengine and related devices. The packaging of the microengine includes the fluidic, electrical, and sensor connections that interface the engine with the supplies and instruments necessary for operation. Making connections to the device is difficult because each connection must be gastight, able to bond to a device made entirely of silicon, and capable of withstanding temperatures from 25°C to 900°C. The method chosen for connection was glass sealing, which has been used extensively for metal-to-glass seals in electronics packaging but is a novel approach for making metal-to-silicon connections. The three strength-limiting factors found in metal-to-glass-to-silicon seals were the existence of voids in the glass, the lack of wetting of the glass on the silicon, and the residual stress in the silicon due to thermal expansion mismatch with the glass. Sessile drop tests were conducted to determine which process parameters affect these strength-limiting factors. Voids were found to depend on the type of glass used, specifically the manufacturing process of the preforms, and wetting was found to depend on both the atmosphere used in the furnace while making the bond and the type of glass being used. Test samples were made using both the baseline process and the improved process recommended by the results of the sessile drop tests. Mechanical testing of the samples confirmed that using the improved process increased the strength and reliability of the joints. Macro connections are the interface between the micro tubes and wires exiting a device and the macro supplies and instruments in the lab. Several different options were explored for making these connections, three of which were tried on different devices. A fixed plate method is recommended for making macro connections due to its support of the tubes, protection of the device, and ease of assembly. Inlet, exhaust, and electrical connections were also considered and several different options for each are presented. The results of this thesis are an improved process for making metal-to-glass-to-silicon seals, a roadmap for packaging future devices, and recommendations for interfacing the microengine with the micro aerial vehicle. Future work in packaging should include a more detailed study of wetting, the manufacturing process of preforms, and the possibility of wafer level packaging.<br>by Todd S. Harrison.<br>S.M.
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Campillo, Jose, and Celia Garcia. "Creating a pleasurable aluminium packaging." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11725.
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This project has been carried out in collaboration with CC Pack, a Swedish packaging company located in Tibro, and under the supervision of University of Skövde. The aim of the project is the creation of a new aluminium packaging, with the intention of satisfying the highest number of customers' requirements, getting also a differentiation from the competitors. Archer’s model is followed during the design process. This model allows strengthening the efficiency of project design. The compilation of information in order to make a complete requirement classification is based on: CC Pack requirements, a study of customer needs focused on interviews and pilot study, and a literature study lead by Maslow’s hierarchy translated to design along with the 4 pleasures of Patrick Jordan. After the requirements classification, it is time to start with the concept generation phase. This phase consist of diverse methods of generation and evaluation of ideas, such as brainstorming or the weighted objective method, until a final solution is reached. This last solution, which consists of an aluminium tray surrounded by a cardboard structure, is communicated at the end of the project through illustrations created through design software such as PTC Creo Parametric and Photoshop. Conclusions obtained are quite positive in general, nevertheless there is still an aspect that could be improved. It is related to the shipping system and it is commented in chapter 7 conclusions. There is also a chapter devoted to propose possible future contributions in order to implement this project.
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Zubair, Muhammed 1962. "Aluminoborophosphosilicate glasses for microelectronics packaging." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277898.
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Glasses are used in microelectronic packaging for insulation and passivation purposes. To optimize the performance of these packages, it is necessary to investigate new glasses or improve on properties of the glasses in use. The insulating glass should have low dielectric constant, low dissipation factor, low glass transition temperature, high chemical resistivity, and a thermal expansion coefficient matching the substrate. In this study, various aluminoborophosphosilicate glasses containing Ca(Mg)O, Ca(Mg)F₂, and AlF₃ as flux were investigated. Processing temperatures for these glasses range from 1300°C to 1500°C. The coefficients of thermal expansion range from 4.52 μ/°C to 9.39 μ/°C. The dielectric constant as a function of frequency and composition is in the range of 4.1 to 5.2. The index of refraction for these glasses is in the range of 1.52 to 1.58. Glass transition and softening temperatures as low as 538°C and 622°C, respective, were found. Results of this investigation are discussed in terms of the possible use of aluminoborophosphosilicate glasses in microelectronic packaging.
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Witt, Christopher. "ANALYSIS OF PICKLE PACKAGING EQUIPMENT." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35748.
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Master of Agribusiness<br>Department of Agricultural Economics<br>Allen M. Featherstone<br>Best Maid is a middle-sized regionally orientated company, headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas. It is currently owned and operated by the fourth generation of the Dalton family. The company specializes in the production of pickles and condiment products and currently holds the title of #1 retail brand of pickles in the state of Texas. In addition to the Best Maid label, products are also produced under the Del-Dixie label.
The objective of this thesis is to analyze a potential capital project: a bucket line replacement. The analysis will be completed by using net present value to determine the cost and benefits of the project. The focus of the project will be the food service bucket line. The current line was designed and installed over 20 years ago. Currently, this line and supporting resources require a staff of 17 employees to operate. The process is looking to be improved through advances in technology including vibratory conveyors, more complex PLC programming, and increased accuracy of scaling equipment. Implementing these advancements has the potential to reduce the employee labor cost as well as decrease over-scaling.
The goal of this project is to inform the Best Maid owners of the investment costs, labor savings, benefits, and the financial viability of the proposed capital investment. Best Maid has consistently grown at a high single digit to low double digit rate each year. Businesses must continually identify and react to the needs of tomorrow, today. Formal processes within the business will be established to evaluate and prioritize future potential projects.
The conclusion of the analysis resulted in a positive NPV of about $567 thousand and a favorable IRR. The recommendation is to adopt the new technology.
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Droulers, Olivier, and Catherine Solano. "Le packaging et le medicament." Rennes 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN12163.
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Biradar, Vaibhav Mahadev. "Economic Analysis of Packaging Systems." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28050.
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Packaging has a significant impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain, where improvement can be achieved through the development and selection of an appropriate packaging system. One way to explore this is through the development and use of mathematical models that facilitate economic analysis of packaging systems. Recently, one of the most remarkable trends in logistics is the extensive use of returnable or reusable containers. Returnable container systems have increasingly been introduced in various industries to take advantages of cost savings, but it is very crucial to ensure that a reusable packaging system is an economical packaging choice. In this thesis, an extensive study of an economic analysis of disposable, recyclable, and reusable packaging systems is conducted. This includes identification of significant cost factors and variables involved in the management of disposable, recyclable and reusable packaging systems, and formulation of a mathematical model to compare total cost of packaging systems. The developed mathematical model can be used to choose the most economical packaging system for industries. The linear programming (LP) method is used to develop the mathematical model. The various new factors such as the collapsible ratio of recyclable, disposable and reusable packages have been introduced for the first time in the economic analysis of the packaging systems. The developed mathematical model can be used for a range of industries and for different industry scenarios. The packaging system information of Toyota assembly plant is used for the validation of a mathematical model. The obtained results are compared with previous research based on the same data set and results found in concert with the finding of previous research which validate the model.
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Hulgaard, Jens. "Automation of a Packaging Process." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175175.
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Automation is the future. Sometime in the future, warehouses will be fully automated. Already today, many warehouses around the world have reached a high degree of automation. This master's thesis project aims to evaluate how a warehouse site within Chr. Hansen Holding A/S can take one step further in this direction. Chr. Hansen Holding A/S is a global bioscience company. The packaging process currently relies primarily on manual labor, and the focus is to investigate methods to improve this process through automation. The process of packing goods on a pallet consists of the following steps; transport to the packing area, label the products, move the products to a new pallet, measure, apply protection, wrap, label the pallet, and transport to temporary storage. In order to automate a process, some degree of standardization is needed, but many parameters constrain this development. An important parameter is variation in terms of material and packaging, both interior and exterior, such as pallet type. The packaging process can be divided into a number of subfunctions by Function Analysis. Together with Process Activity Mapping, the study suggests that the relevant part of automating is the last part of the packing process, from the step wrap mentioned earlier. The project has developed five different concepts. All of the concepts include a fully-automatic wrapping machine. The five concepts have different methods of transporting finished pallets to storage at the other end of the warehouse. The investigated transport methods are various lengths of conveyor belts, an automated guided forklift (AGV), a combined conveyor belt-AGV solution, and human-operated forklifts. The study suggests a solution with a fully automated wrapping machine followed by a 9 m conveyor belt followed by transport with a human-operated forklift. The wrapping machine should include modules for labeling and weight and height measuring. The improvement is most likely to reduce cost packing by 460,000 DKK per year calculated in fixed prices of 2019. It requires an investment of 1,500,000 DKK. The project finds that the wrapping machine is the most beneficial part of the concepts, but an AGV solution could be an interesting addition with a great future perspective. The company should follow the development of AGV technology in relation to warehousing. Furthermore, the project improves safety in the warehouse by reducing the forklift traffic in the packaging area.
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Neto, Hugo Daniel Barbosa. "Packaging of photonic integrated circuits." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23552.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações<br>With the continuous evolution of optical communication systems, emerged a need for high-performance optoelectronic elements at lower costs. Photonic packaging plays a key role for the next-generation of optical devices.
In this work a standard packaging design rules is described, covering both the electrical and optical-packaging exploring both active and passive adjusting techniques, as well as the thermal management of the photonic integrated circuit (PIC).
First a process for fiber-to-chip coupling with custom made ball-lensed fibers, is performed and tested initially in a testing-chip and thereafter in a manufactured practical study-case composed by a silicon holder with an InP distributed feedback (DFB) laser. The process of manufacturing etched V-grooves for fiber alignment is approached in detail.
After this, for electrical interconnects and radio frequency (RF) packaging, both wire-bonding and flip-chip technique are discussed, and a characterization of the s-parameters in a PIC with wire-bonding is presented.
A technique based on ruthenium-based sensors and platinum and titanium-based sensors for thermal control of the PIC is studied and the tested using a custom made PCB designed exclusively for that purpose.<br>Com a constante evolução dos sistemas de comunicação óticos veio a necessidade de componentes optoelectrónicos de elevada performance a custos relativamente baixos. O encapsulamento ótico tem um papel chave nos dispositivos óticos de última geração.
Neste trabalho são descritas as regras de um processo de encapsulamento padrão, que abrange tanto o encapsulamento elétrico e ótico onde são exploradas técnicas de ajustamento ativas e passivas bem como o controlo térmico do circuito ótico integrado (PIC).
No início foi efetuado um processo de acoplamento da fibra ao chip com fibras de lente esférica personalizadas, numa primeira usando um chip de teste e de seguida num caso de estudo prático que consiste numa estrutura composta por um holder de silício com um laser de realimentação distribuída (DFB). É abordado em detalhe o processo de fabricação de V-grooves para o alinhamento da fibra com o chip.
De seguida são apresentadas e discutidas as técnicas de wire-bonding e flip-chip para o encapsulamento elétrico e ligação dos conectores de radiofrequência (RF), é feito um estudo onde são apresentados os resultados da caraterização dos parâmetros S de um PIC com wire-bonding.
Para o controlo térmico do módulo é apresentada uma técnica baseada em sensores de temperatura de ruténio e sensores de Platina e titânio testada numa PCB personalizada
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Velínová, Monika. "Budování značky společnosti SCA Packaging." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142115.
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The aim of my final thesis is to explain important terms which the marketers should know while wanting to build the successful brand. I would like to outline terms as promotion, distribution, indentity and brand value. Furthermore I willfocus on terms such as marketing mix and its parts. The aim of the practical part is to present the firm SCA Packaging and to compare the theory with brand building of this firm.
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Beck, Duane P. "Technical skills for packaging sales /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11075.
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Rusanen, Outi. "Adhesives in micromechanical sensor packaging /." Espoo : Technical research centre of Finland, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409218404.
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Soares, Lauren K. "Communication within the packaging industry /." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/grcsp/1.
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Thesis (B.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009.<br>Project advisor: Brian Lawler. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Jan. 13, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.
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Shope, David Allen 1958. "Thermal characterization of VLSI packaging." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276686.
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With electronic packaging becoming more complex, simple hand methods to model the thermal performance of the package are insufficient. As computer aided modeling methods came into use, a test system was developed to verify the predictions produced by such modeling methods. The test system is evaluated for operation and performance. Further, the premise of this type of test (the accurate calibration of packaged temperature-sensitive-parameter devices can be done) is investigated using a series of comparative tests. From this information, causes of possible/probable errors in calibration are identified and related to the different methodologies and devices used. Finally, conclusions are presented regarding the further improvement of the test system and methodologies used in this type of testing.
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Türk, Ferhat, and Roman Zandi. "Circular Economy : Reuse of packaging." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263323.
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This study is about finding methods for reusing of packaging from Elekta's product "Leksell Gamma Knife ICON" with Circular Economy as the focus. There is no process for this today. The important thing is the analysis of the entire supply chain from Suppliers to customer and then back to Suppliers to get general ideas about what the problems are and then to draw conclusions for the opportunities that exists. The methods used are analyzes if it is cost-effective and environmentally efficient to transport back packaging to the Suppliers who handle these packaging. Costs for the return process have been calculated, which is Supplier work, packaging costs, packaging costs and transport costs. Transport emission in the form of carbon dioxide equivalents have been calculated in the return process. Carbon dioxide equivalents have been calculated for the manufacturing of new packaging and transport by road and ship. The calculated values in the return process are compared with how Elekta is doing today during the process of packing LGK as well as delivering to customers to identify if it is effective to implement a new return process. A solution proposal that fulfils the requirements from an environmental and economic perspective is reported. Environmentally, it is reduced by 459 CO2eq number of carbon dioxide equivalents with transport from the US, 457 CO2eq from China and 1185 CO2eq from Europe. Financially, the company saves 17 190 SEK with transport from the USA, 19327 SEK from China and 18 126 SEK from Europe.<br>Denna studie handlar att om att hitta metoder för återanvändning av emballagen från Elektasprodukt ”Leksell Gamma Knife ICON” med Cirkulär ekonomi som fokus. Det finns ingen process för detta i dagsläget. Den viktiga är analysen av hela försörjningskedjan från leverantör till kund och sedan tillbaka till leverantörer för att få generella uppfattningar om vad problemen befinner sig och där ifrån dra slutsatser för möjligheterna som finns. De metoder som används är analyser om det är kostnads- och miljöeffektivt att transportera tillbaka emballage till de leverantörer som hanterar dessa emballage. Kostnader för returprocessen har beräknats vilket är leverantörsarbete, emballagekostnader, arbetskostnader och transportkostnader. Transportutsläpp i form av koldioxidekvivalenter har beräknats i returprocessen. Koldioxidekvivalenter har beräknats för tillverkning av nya emballage samt transport med lastbil och fartyg. De beräknade värden i returprocessen jämförs med hur Elekta gör idag under processen att packa LGK samt leverera till kund för att identifiera om det är effektivt att implementera en ny returprocess. Ett lösningsförslag där kraven uppfylls ur ett miljömässigt och ekonomisk perspektiv redovisas. Miljömässigt minskas det med 459 CO2eq antal koldioxidekvivalenter med transport från USA, 457 CO2eq från Kina och 1185 CO2eq från Europa. Ekonomiskt sparar företaget på 17 190 SEK med transport från USA, 19327 SEK från Kina och 18 126 SEK från Europa.
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Adami, Alberto <1989>. "Wine packaging: una prospettiva internazionale." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/7093.
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Con questa tesi intendo rispondere alla seguente domanda: Cosa dovrebbero fare le imprese vinicole italiane a livello di packaging per comunicare nel modo più efficace possibile in un contesto internazionale? Il packaging non va considerato come uno strumento staccato dagli altri mezzi di comunicazione, ma come uno strumento integrato. Il packaging assume proprie caratteristiche in base alle leggi vigenti nel paese di destinazione e in base al tipo di clientela che si intende raggiungere. Non esiste una confezione perfetta, se non in riferimento ad uno specifico contesto, per questo le imprese devono far fronte a tutta una serie di accorgimenti che permetta loro di valorizzare il prodotto nel migliore dei modi. Quanto appena detto è facilmente riscontrabile nel mondo del vino, dove la rilevanza del packaging è tale da renderlo uno degli strumenti con cui fronteggiare la crisi di settore. Da qui l’esigenza di dargli un nome e un’identità propria. Con questa tesi innanzitutto si vuole approfondire le tendenze attuali in termini di comunicazione, funzionalità, design e sostenibilità del packaging. Dopo aver preso in considerazione quali sono le principali strategie di valorizzazione presenti in letteratura e optato per la metodologia di analisi più consona, la tesi va ad analizzare come il packaging è visto e percepito in 4 paesi, in particolare in Australia, Cina, Europa e Usa. In seguito si è proceduto ad una raccolta di dati presso aziende italiane selezionate ed ad un confronto di quanto emerso, con l’obiettivo di trarre delle conclusioni riguardo a quali elementi comunicativi non vengono trattati correttamente per ottenere la migliore percezione possibile in ogni paese. L’utilizzo di una combinazione di tecniche di ricerca differenti è stata progettata per dare una maggiore affidabilità ai risultati finali. A tal proposito, oltre a confermare i risultati di ricerca già enunciati da altri studiosi, riguardo le tendenze estetiche ed espressive del packaging vinicolo e l’associazione tra livello di informazione e il coinvolgimento nel processo di acquisto, si rileva come il processo di comunicazione mediante il packaging non funzioni ancora adeguatamente, lasciando trasparire delle zone d’ombra nel processo di codifica e decodifica di produttori e consumatori. In particolare risulta una differenza per quanto riguarda la tipologia di messaggi individuati e considerati dalle due parti, oltre alla impossibilità di realizzazione di un packaging trasversale (Global), tendenza attualmente realizzata dalla maggior parte degli intervistati, data la forte necessità di contestualizzare sempre la confezione sulla base dell’aspetto culturale.
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Saccocci, Federica <1993>. "INNOVATION AND EVOLUTION OF PACKAGING." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16053.
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This thesis makes an in-depth analysis of packaging. The text is divided into four chapters in which is highlighted and described the evolution and innovation that the packaging has undergone in the last few centuries and especially in the last decades. The four chapters concern packaging of the past, of the present and of the future respectively. However, in the last chapter is analyzed the case of a company that deals with the production and the sale of packaging: the DS Smith company. This company produces various types of cardboard packaging and is internationally recognized.
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Choudhary, Shruti [Verfasser]. "Innovative product packaging. How can packagings contribute to the business process, marketing and profit? / Shruti Choudhary." München : GRIN Verlag, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1186966734/34.
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Fleckenstein, Thomas, and Eirik Pihlstroem. "Returnable Packaging in the Automotive Supply Chain : From a supplier´s perspective." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27414.
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Abstract Problem Little research has been conducted on how packaging and returnable packaging are managed within suppliers in the Scandinavian automotive supply chain. Sources also propose that returnable packaging is dealt with inefficiently within the automotive suppliers. Purpose The purpose of the thesis is to explore and analyze how packaging and returnable packaging are managed within suppliers in the ASC. It also aims to identify perceived important factors for efficient returnable packaging management from the perspective of suppliers, sub-suppliers and OEMs. Method The research is based on a holistic single case study. Further, it adopts the inductive approach and exploratory purpose. Data collection is facilitated by qualitative methods, using ten semi-structured interviews and four on-site observations. Conclusion Packaging was found to be managed somewhat differently in the internal, outbound and inbound flows. Non-returnable and returnable packaging was found used in all flows at different ratios. Further, several factors were regarded important for efficient returnable packaging management. These were found specific for the internal, outbound and inbound flows and further divided into fundamental and efficiency factors.
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Li, Xiaoming. "Compact thermal modeling for 3D IC design." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
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Variyam, Manjula N. "Palletization and design-of-simulations for large area processing and assembly in electronic packaging." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17091.
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Collins, Gustina B. "Design, Fabrication and Testing of Conformal, Localized Wafer-level Packaging for RF MEMS Devices." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29673.
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A low-cost, low-temperature packaging concept is proposed for localized sealing and
control of the ambient of a device cavity appropriate for Radio-Frequency (RF) Micro-
Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) devices, such as resonators and switches. These devices
require application specific packaging to facilitate their integration, provide protection
from the environment, and control interactions with other circuitry. In order to inte-
grate these devices into standard integrated circuit (IC) process flows and minimize
damage due to post-fabrication steps, packaging is performed at the wafer level.
In this work Indium and Silver are used to seal a monolithic localized hermetic pack-
age. The cavity protecting the device is formed using standard lithography-based
processing techniques. Metal walls are built up from the substrate and encapsulated
by a glass or silicon lid to create a monolithic micro-hermetic package surrounding a
predefined RF microsystem. The bond for the seal is then formed by rapid alloying
of Indium and Silver using a temperature greater than that of the melting point of
Indium. This ensures that the seal formed can subsequently function at tempera-
tures higher than the melting temperature of pure Indium. This method offers a
low-temperature bonding technique with thermal robustness suitable for wafer-level
process integration. The ultimate goal is to create a seal in a vacuum environment.
In this dissertation, design trade-offs made in wafer-level packaging are explained
using thermo-mechanical stress and electrical performance simulations. Prototype
passive microwave circuits are packaged using the developed packaging process and
the performance of the fabricated circuits before and after packaging is analyzed. The
effect of the package on coplanar waveguide structures are characterized by measur-
ing scattering parameters and models are developed as a design tool for wafer-level
package integration. The small scale of the localized package is expected to provide
greater reliability over conventional full chip packages.<br>Ph. D.
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Beselin, Hallberg Jacob, and Per Uhrbom. "Volvo Logistics Corporation Returnable Packaging System : a model for analysing cost savings when switching packaging system." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industrial Engineering and Management, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1360.
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<p>This thesis is a study for analysing costs affected by packaging in a producing industry. The purpose is to develop a model that will calculate and present possible cost savings for the customer by using Volvo Logistics Corporations, VLC’s, returnable packaging instead of other packaging solutions.</p><p>The thesis is based on qualitative data gained from both theoretical and empirical studies. The methodology for gaining information has been to study theoretical sources such as course literature and articles, as well as through interviews and consolidation with staff at Volvo Logistics Corporations office in Gothenburg.</p><p>The model is constructed in Microsoft Excel and consists of six different sheets. The first sheet is a front page that summarises the costs calculated in the other sheets and presents the possible cost savings. After the front page there are three sheets with calculations for the costs in different scenarios, Today’s Situation, VLC Packaging Solution (Pre implementation) and VLC Packaging Solution (Post implementation). The first sheet, Today’s Situation, presents the result of the model that will calculate the customers’ current costs that are associated with packaging. The different costs presented in the model are costs for unloading, repacking, today’s cost for an internal packaging solution, quality related costs, one-way packaging costs and the costs for other packaging solutions. The next sheet, VLC Packaging Solution (Pre), presents an estimation of the cost for thecustomer when using VLC’s returnable packaging system. The estimation will serve as an investment tool, for calculating possible cost savings compared to the present situation. The different costs that will be discussed are handling costs, quality related costs, distribution cost, transaction cost, and investment cost. The third and final calculation sheet, VLC Packaging Solution (Post), presents the actual costs for the customer after the implementation. When the costs have been calculated they will be used to evaluate the actual cost savings for the customer. The last two sheets are a data sheet, which consists of data needed for the calculations in the previous sheets, and an instruction sheet where there are instructions to the different calculations in the model.</p><p>The conclusion shows that the objective to create a model for calculating the costs for different packaging systems and present possible cost savings is fulfilled.</p>
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Sjöstedt, Ståhlknapp Ida. "Modelling of Packaging Scorecard for designers of packaging : a further development of tools and IT-fication." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100816.
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Idag sker en snabb ökning av handeln med varor och tjänster över hela världen. Detta ställer krav på att genom förpackningssystem bidra till effektivitet i distributionskanaler. Det vill säga att bygga upp system av förpackningar som möter de krav som ställs hos organisationerna som samverkar för distributionen av varor. Dock finns en bristande kunskap om distributionskanalers uppbyggnad och de krav som ställs vilket leder till problem. För att undvika suboptimeringar krävs en helhetssyn av distributionskanaler. Detta är särskilt viktigt för förpackningssystem som spelar en viktig roll i distributionen av varor. Små problem i systemen kan leda till stora problem genom hela kanalen. Identifieras inte brister längs flödet kan det vara svårt för förpackningsutvecklare att ta fram nya lösningar. Holistiskt belyser examensarbetet förpackningssystemets funktioner och brister i olika distributionskanaler. Genom en vidareutveckling och IT-fierad modell presenteras systemets utförande och tänkbara förbättringsförslag längs hela logistikflödet. Syftet med examensarbetet är att påvisa att en holistisk syn kan bidra till att skapa effektivitet i distributionskanaler. Genom att skapa en modell belysa förpackningssystems bidrag till ett effektivt distributionsflöde, det vill säga flödet genom en kanal. Vidare generera analyserbar data om hur små förändringar på förpackningssystem skulle kunna leda till ökad effektivitet genom hela distributionsflödet. För att svara på de ställda frågorna har litteraturstudier och fallstudier gjorts. För att mäta förpackningssystems effektivitet i distributionskanaler har verktyget Packaging Scorecard utnyttjats. Vidare har IT-baserade verktyg använts. Fallstudier visar att små förändringar kan bidra till effektivt utnyttjande av förpackningssystem i hela distributionskanalen. En vidareutveckling av Packagning Scorecard med tillämpning av CapePack- och CAD-verktyg har resulterat i en ny modell. Resultatet visar att modellen kan bidra till ökad förståelse för hur förpackningssystem kan skapa effektivitet. Genom tillämpning av verktygen CapePack och CAD kan förpackningsrelaterade problem längs distributionskanalen illustreras för vidare analys. Arbetet har bidragit till en verifiering av verktyget och har banat väg för en IT-fiering.<br>Today the trade with products and services are fast moving on the global market place. This requires that the packaging system should be able to create efficiency in distribution channel. Still there is a lack of knowledge in development of the distribution channel. This leads to problems. A holistic view of the distribution channels is needed to avoid sub optimisations. This is especially important regarding packaging systems that are important for the distribution of goods. Minor problems in the system may lead to major problems in the distribution channel. It can be difficult for the designers of packaging to develop new solutions if insufficiencies are not identified in the distribution flow. The master thesis illustrates a holistic view of the packaging system’s benefit and lack in functionalities in distribution channel. Through development and an IT-fied model the systems implementation and possible proposals of improvements can be done in the distribution flow. The purpose of the master thesis has been to prove that a holistic approach may contribute to an effective distribution flow. It has also been to generate analysable data about how minor changes in packaging systems may lead to increased efficiency through the entire distribution chain. Case studies and Literature studies have been done to find answers to the questions. Packaging Scorecard has been used to measure performance of the packaging systems. Further has an IT based tool been used. The case study shows that minor changes may contribute to efficient usage of packaging systems in the complete distribution channel. Further developments of the Packaging Scorecard applying CapePack and CAD tools have resulted in a new model. The result shows that the model may contribute to increase the understanding of how the packaging systems can create efficiency. Package related problems in the distribution channel can be illustrated and analysed by using the tools CapePack and CAD .The work has contributed to a validation of the tool and also introduction for the use of IT.
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Kudra, Li Liang. "Post-packaging irradiation combined with modified atmosphere packaging for control of bacterial pathogens on meat products." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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