Journal articles: 'Pacta servanda sunt'

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Oberst, Britta, and Jürgen Evers. "Pacta sunt servanda." Versicherungsmagazin 63, no. 11 (October 24, 2016): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35128-016-0206-3.

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Bahri, Syaeful, and Jawade Hafidz. "PENERAPAN ASAS PACTA SUNT SERVANDA PADA TESTAMENT YANG DIBUAT DI HADAPAN NOTARIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN." Jurnal Akta 4, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v4i2.1777.

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The research entitled The Application of Pacta Sunt Servanda Principle In Testament Made Before Notary in Perspective of Justice has problem formulation: 1) How is the application of pacta sunt servanda principle on testaments made before the present notary ?, 2) What legal effect arises when The testamen made before the notary does not apply the principle of pacta sunt servanda in the perspective of justice? And 3) How is the application of pacta sunt servanda principle to testament made before Notary in the perspective of justice ?.The results of this research are 1) The application of pacta sunt servanda principle on testaments made before the present notary can be described that the implementation of pacta sunt servanda principle is required at all stages, either before, during or after the process of making the testament deed. 2) Any legal effect that arises when a testament made before a notary public does not apply the principle of pacta sunt servanda in the perspective of justice is that the testament is essentially a statement made unilaterally by the testamenter set forth in a deed that must be executed by the will . 3) The application of the principle of pacta sunt servanda to the testament made before the Notary in the perspective of justice is that in the making of this testament it must be adhered to two principles namely, firstly, giving equal rights and opportunities to the widest freedom of the broadest extent of equal freedom for each person. Second, able to reorganize the socio-economic disparities that occur so as to provide mutual benefits.Keywords: Pakta Azmen Sunt Servanda, Testament

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Angga Adi Utama, I. Gede. "ASAS PACTA SUNT SERVANDA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL." Ganesha Civic Education Journal 1, no. 1 (October 9, 2019): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/gancej.v1i1.62.

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That the existence of the principle of pacta sunt servanda has long been known in the community, including the international community. Some leading experts have supported the existence of the principle, and even today the principle has become part of positive law, both at the Indonesian national level and at the international level. Thus the existence of the principle of pacta sunt servara entered into the legal system. The acceptance, existence and use of the principle of pacta sunt servanda is the initiation of an agreement including an international treaty. The meaning of the existence and acceptance of the principle of pacta sunt servanda is used as a basis for the operation or entry into force of international agreements. Because by adhering to the principle of pacta sunt servanda, the parties to the international agreement have promised to respect or implement what has been agreed or agreed upon. Without the ability to carry out what has been promised, the agreement will not be able to operate or act as it should.

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Zahid, Md Anowar, and Rohimi Shapiee. "Pacta Sunt Servanda: Islamic Perception." Journal of East Asia and International Law 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2010): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14330/jeail.2010.3.2.06.

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Yunanto, Yunanto. "Hakikat Asas Pacta Sunt Servanda Dalam Sengketa Yang Dilandasi Perjanjian." Law, Development and Justice Review 2, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ldjr.v2i1.5000.

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ABSTRACTDispute resolution can be done by litigation and non litigation. Litigation settlement is conventional methods that contain tire weakness, so that the non-litigation settlement with an agreement arises. Issues: concerning the nature of law enforcement of the treaty agreement as the basis for resolving disputes through ADR; The power of the principle pacta sunt servanda in the mechanism of execution of the ADR decision. In law enforcement of agreements, it can be a violation of the making of an agreement (pre contract), and a violation of the implementation of the agreement (post contract), which leads to a settlement in litigation. Settlement through ADR must be based on the agreement of the parties and stated in the agreement. The power of the principle of pacta sunt servanda over the settlement agreement through ADR binds the parties and applies as a law. Third parties may not intervene on the substance of the contract made by the parties. Keywords: agreement, principle pacta sunt servanda, ADR. ABSTRAKPenyelesaian sengketa dapat dilakukan secara litigasi dan non litigasi. Penyelesaian secara litigasi merupakan cara-cara konvensional yang mengandung banyak kelemahan, sehingga memunculkan penyelesaian non litigasi atau di luar pengadilan (ADR) yang dilandasi dengan perjanjian. Permasalahan: menyangkut Hakikat penegakan hukum perjanjian; Perjanjian sebagai landasan penyelesaian sengketa melalui ADR; Kekuatan asas pacta sunt servanda dalam mekanisme eksekusi putusan ADR. Dalam penegakan hukum terhadap perjanjian, bisa berupa pelanggaran terhadap pembuatan perjanjian (pra contract), dan pelanggaran terhadap pelaksanaan perjanjian (post contract), yang bermuara pada penyelesaian secara litigasi. Penyelesaian melalui ADR harus didasarkan pada kesepakatan para pihak dan dan dituangkan dalam perjanjian. Kekuatan asas pacta sunt servanda atas perjanjian penyelesaian melalui ADR mengikat para pihak dan berlaku sebagai undang-undang. Pihak ketiga tidak boleh melakukan intervensi terhadap substansi kontrak yang dibuat oleh para pihak.Kata Kunci: perjanjian, asas pacta sunt servanda, sengketa.

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Zvyagina, Daria A. "Pacta sunt servanda или о доверии в международных отношениях." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Sotsiologiya. Politologiya, no. 3(35) (September 1, 2016): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/1998863x/35/17.

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Taquary, Eneida Orbage de Britto. "PACTA SUNT SERVANDA: A INFLUÊNCIA DA DECISÃO DA CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS NA JURISDIÇÃO DOMÉSTICA BRASILEIRA NO CASO DE DAMIÃO XIMENES." Revista Direitos Humanos e Democracia 2, no. 4 (February 10, 2014): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21527/2317-5389.2014.4.301-338.

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Analisa as consequências de ratificação de um tratado pelo Estado Brasileiro, em especial do tratado que criou a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, em face do princípio Pacta Sunt Servanda, analisando a decisão, que recebeu o nº 12.237, datado de 1º de outubro de 2004, proferida no Caso Damião Ximenes contra o Estado Brasileiro, e que determinou a sua condenação. Para tanto será adotado o método dialético e método histórico, além da análise da jurisprudência ao se analisar a doutrina existente sobre o pacto referenciado e as discussões em torno da sentença condenatória da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.pacta sund servanda. Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. Caso Damião Ximenes.

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Pereira, Mariah Rausch, and Régis Schneider Ardenghi. "A flexibilização do pacta sunt servanda nos contratos bancários diante dos princípios focados no dirigismo contratual." Revista da ESMESC 21, no. 27 (October 30, 2014): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/revistadaesmesc.v21i27.103.

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Este trabalho versa sobre a flexibilização do pacta sunt servanda nos contratos bancários diante do dirigismo contratual, representado pelos princípios da função social do contrato, princípio da boa-fé e teoria da imprevisão. A presente pesquisa, tem como principal objetivo analisar a importância da flexibilização do pacta sunt servanda nos contratos bancários frente a outros princípios protegidos pela jurisprudência pátria. Quanto à metodologia utilizada para desenvolver o estudo, definiu-se como de abordagem dedutiva e técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. O trabalho está organizado da seguinte maneira: primeiro trata dos contratos bancários e, após, incursiona sobre os princípios contratuais e por fim, a flexibilização do pacta sunt servanda nos contratos bancários. Como resultado, observa-se na jurisprudência pesquisada que o principal motivo da flexibilização dos contratos bancários é a aplicação da teoria da imprevisão, além de se resguardar a função social do contrato e a boa-fé nos casos de revisão contratual.

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Kacprzak, Agnieszka. "REGUŁA ‘PACTA SUNT SERVANDA’ I POCZĄTKI ZASADY SWOBODY UMÓW." Zeszyty Prawnicze 19, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 203–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2019.19.1.12.

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Jak powszechnie wiadomo, swoboda umów awansowała do rangi podstawowej zasady prawa kontraktowego w doktrynach prawnonaturalnych epoki oświecenia. Jej korzenie są jednak znacznie głębsze, sięgają bowiem myśli średniowiecznych kanonistów, którzy jako pierwsi głosili tezę o wiążącym charakterze jednostronnych przyrzeczeń, nawet tych nieformalnych. Od tych pierwszych początków do pełnego uznania zasdy swobody umów prowadziła jednak długa droga. Celem przedłożonego artykułu jest ustalenie kluczowych momentów tego rozwoju. Przyczynili się do niego przedstawiciele wielu różnych nurtów myślowych: od wczesnośredniowiecznej kanonistyki, poprzez drugą scholastykę ze szkoły w Salamance, po teorie prawnonaturalne początków oświecenia. Inaczej niż w dotychczasowej literaturze, nie jest intencją autorki ustalenie dokładnego momentu powstania omawianej zasady ani tym bardziej przypisanie jej autorstwa jednemu ze wskazanych nurtów. Zgodnie z proponowaną tezą zasada swobody umów w jej współczesnym kształcie powstała w wyniku interakcji wszystkich tych tradycji, przy czym wkład intelektualny każdej z nich był równie istotny. Artykuł skupia się na historii pojęć, takich jak ogólne pojęcie kontraktu, jego relacja do przyrzeczenia, koncepcja woli jako źródła zobowiązania kontraktowego oraz moralne uzasadnienie mocy wiążącej kontraktów nieformalnych.

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Dendorfer-Ditges, Renate. "Pacta sunt servanda – gilt das auch für vertragliche Mediationsabreden?" Konfliktdynamik 2, no. 2 (2013): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2193-0147-2013-2-169.

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Situngkir, Danel Aditia. "ASAS PACTA SUNT SERVANDA DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL." JCH (Jurnal Cendekia Hukum) 3, no. 2 (March 29, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.33760/jch.v3i2.29.

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Wienke, Albrecht. "Pacta sunt servanda – Zur Durchsetzung von Berufungs- und Bleibezusagen." Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 97, no. 12 (December 2018): 873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0652-7107.

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Полдников, Д. Ю. "Pacta sunt servanda: проблема преемственности в европейском частном праве." Государство и право, no. 3 (2011): 67–75.

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Troianovskyi, O. "Pacta sunt servanda? About the regime of unilateral acts in international law." Law and public administration, no. 2 (2021): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/pdu.2021.2.32.

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Meija, Jānis. "Tiesību vienpusēji atkāpties no līguma realizēšanas problemātika." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 1, no. 1 (2015): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.01.2015.1.42-46.

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Raksta uzdevums ir sniegt ieskatu tiesību vienpusēji atkāpties no līguma realizēšanas problemātikā, kas pastāv, jo Latvijas civiltiesībās līgumu pildīšanas (pacta sunt servanda) civiltiesību pamatprincipam ir visai maz izņēmumu. Rakstā izcelta problēmas praktiskā puse, kas saistās ar pārmērīgu zaudējumu, nevienlīdzīgām pušu attiecībām vai apstākļu maiņu. Rakstā analizēts pozitīvs piemērs – patērētāju kreditēšanas normatīvais regulējums. Problēmas novitāti apliecina līgumtiesību starptautiskās unifikācijas tendences, un par tām pieaug publikāciju skaits. Secinot, ka Civillikumā paplašināmas līdzēju tiesības vienpusēji atkāpties no līguma, autors piedāvā attiecīgu likumu grozījumu redakciju. The aim of the article is to provide an insight into problems of the right to withdraw from a contract unilaterally that exist because the Civil Law of Latvia has very few exceptions to the basic principle of contract filling (pacta sunt servanda). The article highlights the practical side of the problem due to excessive loss, unequal relationship between the parties or a change of circumstances. Legal regulation of consumer creditation is analyzed in the article as a positive example. The international unification trends of the Contract Law and the growing number of publications confirm the novelty of the problem. Concluding that the rights of parties to withdraw from a contract unilaterally should be extended in the Civil Code, the author proposes amendments to the relevant version of the laws.

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Tunia, Anna. "Zakres implementacji przepisów konkordatu dotyczących zawierania małżeństw cywilnych w formie wyznaniowej do systemu prawa polskiego." Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego 18 (December 30, 2015): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/spw.5090.

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Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza problemu dotyczącego sposobu i zakresu implementacji postanowień konkordatu zawartego między Stolicą Apostolską i Rzecząpospolitą Polską w 1993 r. dotyczących wyznaniowej formy zawarcia małżeństwa. Autorka podejmuje próbę ustalenia, czy i w jakim stopniu zostały implementowanie przepisy konkordatu do krajowego porządku prawnego odnoszące się do zawierania małżeństw cywilnych wobec duchowych. Czyni to w kontekście dotrzymania zobowiązań podjętych przez układające się Strony jako realizacji zasady prawa traktatowego pacta sunt servanda.

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BINDER, CHRISTINA. "Stability and Change in Times of Fragmentation: The Limits of Pacta Sunt Servanda Revisited." Leiden Journal of International Law 25, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 909–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156512000507.

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AbstractStability versus change is one of the fundamental debates of the law of treaties. The limits of pacta sunt servanda – under which conditions a state may derogate from treaty obligations when circumstances change – appears as a constant throughout the history of international law. This article examines the limits of pacta sunt servanda in times of fragmentation. It first discusses the mechanisms of general international law – supervening impossibility of performance and fundamental change of circumstances (Articles 61 and 62 VCLT) in the law of treaties and force majeure and the state of necessity (Articles 23 and 25 of the ILC Articles on State Responsibility) in the law of state responsibility. It is argued that they provide only insufficient means to accommodate change. Against that background, derogation is examined in specific treaty regimes, including international human rights law, the law of the sea, and international investment law. Treaty-based termination/withdrawal clauses and emergency exceptions are analysed accordingly. Especially the latter are formulated in a regime-specific way, adapting derogation from treaty obligations to the requirements of the respective treaty regimes. On the basis of an empirical analysis of relevant state practice it is argued that this regime-specificity – a sign of fragmentation – is especially important since there is an increased need for temporary derogation in contemporary international law.

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Ivanov, A. V. "The use of pacta sunt servanda principle during human rights and liberties protection." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18079.

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The important circumstance during the protection of human and citizen’s rights and liberties is usage of international law and opportunities of UNO international mechanisms. International treaties play a special role among generally recognized international law principles, the significance of these acts is huge and it’s hard to overestimate nowadays. International treaties have a great influence on national legislation and jurisprudence. The effectiveness of any international act depends on conscientious adherence of assumed international obligations by all members (the observance of pacta sunt servanda principle) and also conscientious fulfillment of international organs’ decisions by national authority.

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Lukashuk, I. I. "The Principle Pacta Sunt Servanda and the Nature of Obligation Under International Law." American Journal of International Law 83, no. 3 (July 1989): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203309.

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The principle that treaty obligations must be fulfilled in good faith is one aspect of the fundamental rule that requires all subjects of international law to exercise in good faith their rights and duties under that law.In the sociopolitical sphere, this fundamental principle may be seen as manifesting the need perceived by states for an international legal system that can ensure international order and prevent arbitrary behavior and chaos. In the legal sphere, the principle is confirmation of the character of international law as law. Subjects of international law are legally bound under the principle to implement what the law prescribes.

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Pister, David. "Pacta sunt servanda. The Ethics of Contract in Robert Walser’s Jakob von Gunten." Figurationen 12, no. 1 (January 2011): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/figurationen.2011.12.1.113.

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Aguayo Ibáñez, Jorge. "Cumplimiento y aplicación de las decisiones de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos: Panorama general." Derecho y Justicia, no. 7 (September 25, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196377.7.1599.

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ResumenEl presente estudio tiene por objeto el análisis de los efectos de las decisiones de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en relación al cumplimiento y aplicación de sus pronunciamientos en los Estados miembros de la convención americana. Para ello, este trabajo presentará tres apartados. En el primero de ellos se hará una exposición de los aspectos más relevantes del sistema interamericano. En segundo término, se desarrollará el tema propuesto, enfatizando en el caso chileno. Y, fnalmente, en tercer lugar, se desarrollarán conclusiones generales fundadas en el análisis crítico, respecto a la obligatoriedad, aplicación ygrado de cumplimiento de las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, tomando como base principal la regulación, la doctrina y la jurisprudencia relacionadas al tema. Palabras clave: Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos; Cumplimiento de sentencias; Pacta sunt servanda; Diálogo judicial.ResumoO presente estudo tem por objeto a análise dos efeitos das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos sobre o cumprimento e a aplicação de seus pronunciamentos nos Estados membros da Convenção Americana. Para isso, este trabalho apresentará três seções. No primeiro, será feita uma exposição dos aspectos mais relevantes do sistema interamericano. Em segundo lugar, o tema proposto será desenvolvido, enfatizando no caso chileno. E, fnalmente, no terceiro lugar, vão se desenvolver conclusões gerais com base na análise crítica sobre a obrigação, aplicação e grau de cumprimento das sentenças da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, tomando como fundamento aregulação, a doutrina e jurisprudência relacionadas ao assunto.Palavras-chave: Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos;Cumprimento de sentenças; Pacta sunt servanda; Diálogo JudicialAbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the decisions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, regarding the compliance and implementation of its declarations in the member States of the American Convention. For this purpose, this study will be presented in three sections. The frst one will include an exhibition of the most relevant aspects of the InterAmerican system. Secondly, the proposed topic will be developed, emphasizing the Chilean case. Finally, the third section will develop the general conclusions based on critical analysis regarding the enforceability, implementation and level of compliance of the Inter-America Court of Human Rights rulings, taking as a main base the regulation, doctrine and jurisprudence related to this topic.Keywords: Inter-American Court of Human Rights, sentences compliance, Pacta sunt servanda, judicial dialogue.

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Adhypratama, Bayu. "THE PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF THE COMPETENCE TO ADJUDICATE BANKRUPTCY CASES INVOLVING AN ARBITRATION CLAUSE." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 10, no. 1 (April 13, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.10.1.2021.89-113.

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This research stems from the conflict of competence between Commercial Court and Arbitration in a bankruptcy case involving an arbitration clause. This occurs when parties make an agreement including arbitration as a mechanism of dispute resolution. Nevertheless, when a dispute occurs, one of the parties file a bankruptcy petition to Commercial Court as contained in Article 303 of the Bankruptcy Law. Meanwhile, according to Article 3 and 11 of the Arbitration Law, agreements containing arbitration clause as a mean of dispute resolution provides absolute competence, which is consistent with the pacta sunt servanda principle outlined by Article 1338 of the Civil Code. This raises the question of whether Article 303 of the Bankruptcy Law is inconsistent with pacta sunt servanda or to the arbitration clause as the agreed mechanism of dispute resolution by the parties, because the substance of legal norms has philosophical basis. This research uses normative juridical approach which examines legal materials through the study of documents. The research show that Commercial Court is an extra ordinary court which settle bankruptcy filed to the court. Therefore, the competence cannot be set aside by arbitration in the sense of its legal position and capacity as extra judicial even though it originates from an agreement containing arbitration clause. The philosophical basis that can be applied in the conflict of law refers to the principles governing legislation, namely lex specialis derogat legi generalis, lex posterior derogat legi priori, and integration principles of Article 303 of the Bankruptcy Law.

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Осминин, Борис, and Boris Osminin. "Provisional Application of International Treaties: Practice of States." Journal of Russian Law 1, no. 12 (November 14, 2013): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1554.

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The provisional application of international treaties is analyzed from the perspectives of both international and domestic law. Provisional application is based on an international agreement. It may be prescribed by the treaty, or it may be subject of a subsidiary agreement. In every case, it constitutes a distinct agreement. Provided that it is valid the agreement on provisional application produces the same effects as any international agreement and as such, it is subject to the principle pacta sunt servanda. The article analyses the practice of different states on provisional application of international treaties.

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Coviello, Pedro José Jorge. "El contrato administrativo: ¿lex inter partes o ius vivandi?" Derecho PUCP, no. 66 (January 1, 2011): 169–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/derechopucp.201101.007.

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En el presente trabajo se estudia si en los contratos públicos el principio de observancia de los pactado (pacta sunt servanda, o lex inter pares) tiene preponderancia sobre el principio del ius vivandi típico de los contratos administrativos. Se busca, a través del estudio del derecho comparado y de la doctrina que originó ambos principios, llegara a una síntesis de ambos. Mediante la aplicación del principio de la legalidad, se trata de arribar a un equilibrio de ambos, sin perjuicio de reconocer el autor la preeminencia del principio contrato-ley.

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Policarpo, Douglas, and Carolyne Silvestre Oliveira Mendes. "DO DIREITO CONTRATUAL LIBERAL AO (UM POUCO) SOCIAL: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A IMPREVISÃO CONTRATUAL E OS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS." Interfaces Científicas - Direito 1, no. 3 (June 25, 2013): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17564/2316-381x.2013v1n3p81-97.

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O Estado Liberal foi resposta da burguesia relativamente à excessiva intervenção do Estado nas relações privadas. Para tanto, o direito acabou se desenvolvendo e foram revelados diversos institutos que eram considerados sacros, tais como a autonomia privada e o pacta sunt servanda. No início do século XX, com o surgimento do Estado do bem estar social acabou sendo necessário que este avocasse para si a função de diminuir o abismo social resultante da total ausência de intervenção. Assim, a autonomia da vontade sofreu drástica mudança com o advento do novo texto constitucional, o qual trouxe para o primeiro plano o valor do ser humano, vivente em uma coletividade e portador de dignidade. Com isso, diversos princípios passaram a incidir nas relações jurídicas privadas – eficácia horizontal dos direito fundamentais – sobretudo porque, sob a antiga ótica civilista, o ideal supremo - especialmente na seara contratual - era a ilimitada autonomia da vontade, fixada e congelada no tempo pelo instituto do pacta sunt servanda. Assim, com o advento do atual Código Civil em 2002, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro deu mais um passo na relativização desses antigos institutos, perdendo espaço agora para os princípios humanos positivados, aqui em foco, pela legislação infraconstitucional, incidindo diretamente nos contratos. Dessa forma, busca-se, utilizando o método dedutivo de abordagem e por técnica de pesquisa a bibliográfica em fontes secundárias analisar, com base na doutrina, legislação e jurisprudência, a teoria da onerosidade excessiva como expressão da dignidade da pessoa humana e dos direitos fundamentais nas relações jurídicas entre os particulares.

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CEBOTARI, Svetlana, and Sergiu PLOP. "The Principle "Pacta Sunt Servanda" in the Relationship of the Russian Federation - Republic of Moldova." Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty: Political Sciences & European Studies 4, no. 2 (January 13, 2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumenpses.2.

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Mwanawina, Ilyayambwa. "Regional Integration and Pacta Sunt Servanda: Reflections on South African Trans-Border Higher Education Policies." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 19 (December 12, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2016/v19i0a1662.

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The underpinning essence of being part of a regional organisation such as the Southern African Development Community (SADC) is to achieve development through integration. Regional integration thus becomes the bedrock from which the treaties governing SADC and its member states are to be interpreted. The SADC Treaty and its various protocols articulate that members should eliminate obstacles to the free movement of people, goods and services. This should include the progressive reduction of immigration formalities in order to facilitate the freer movement of students and staff for the specific purposes of study, teaching, research and any other pursuits relating to education and training. Relying on international law principles such as pacta sunt servanda, this article establishes that though South Africa has made much progress in meeting most of the SADC obligations relating to migration and education, there are still grey policy areas that fall short of SADC standards and regional commitments. It also appraises the role of the SADC Council of Ministers, the Parliamentary Forum, the Tribunal and the National Committees in addressing these areas.

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Rezende, Christiane Leles, and Decio Zylbersztajn. "Pacta sunt servanda versus the social role of contracts: the case of Brazilian agriculture contracts." Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural 50, no. 2 (June 2012): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-20032012000200001.

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This study explores the instability created by contradictory court decisions related with contract breaches. Forward marketing contracts represent an important source of resources to finance Brazilian agriculture, however a large number of contract breaches were observed during a period of marked increase in soy prices. The study analyzed 161 judicial appeal decisions and a survey was carried with 70 farmers. The results show the difference of judges' interpretation and the existence of second order effects. The effects of court decisions were more requirements of guarantees and the reduction in the number of contracts. Those soybean farmers who did not breach their contracts have also been negatively affected by the strategic reactions of trading and processing companies. The concept of "social function of the contract" introduced in Brazilian civil code led to a higher degree of instability in contracts, raising transaction costs and motivating private economic sanctions.

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Boue, J. C. "Enforcing Pacta Sunt Servanda? Conoco-Phillips and Exxon-Mobil Versus the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela." Journal of International Dispute Settlement 5, no. 3 (May 23, 2014): 438–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnlids/idu007.

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Fitzmaurice, Malgosia. "Case Analysis: The Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros Case: The Law of Treaties." Leiden Journal of International Law 11, no. 2 (June 1998): 321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156598000247.

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The subject-matter of this article are the issues of treaty law as expounded in the Judgment in the Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros case. The following problems are discussed: unilateral suspension and abandonment of obligations deriving from the binding treaty; the principle of fundamental change of circumstances; unilateral termination of a treaty; applicability of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties in this case; legal status of so-called ‘provisional solution’; impossibility of performance and material breach of treaty; the application of the principle of ‘approximate application’; and the principle pacta sunt servanda. The issues arc discussed at the background of the Drafts of the International Law Commission.

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Mifanyira, Franciska, Indah Dwi M. J., and Mega Dwi A. "Bank Liability in Trustee Agreement in Insolvency Status." Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 21, no. 3 (February 13, 2020): 487–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v21i3.13872.

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A trust agreement is a special agreement in banking gives the bank the right and authority to manage the customer's assets as stated to the agreement The assets of trust assets are the property of the customer, the management of the assets must be separately carried out to implement the Prudential Principle and Pacta Sunt Servanda in banking contract. This Legal Research use normative positivist with the using of Statute and Conseptual Approach along with three research sources. This Legal Research focus on the Legal Consequences in the Trustee Agreement and Liability of Bank in the case of Bank include the Settlor’s asset as the Insolvency Asset. The Research result are Bank only as a manager of Asset so every legal conduct must have approval of Settlor so If the asset is included the Insolvency Asset is a contract and law violation so it should be fixed by the contractual dispute settlement. Tanggung Jawab Bank dalam Trustee Agreement pada Keadaan Kepailitan Perjanjian kepercayaan adalah perjanjian khusus dibidang perbankan yang memberi-kan hak dan wewenang kepada bank untuk mengelola aset pelanggan sebagaimana dinyatakan dalam perjanjian. Aset kepercayaan adalah milik pelanggan, pengelolaan aset harus dilakukan secara terpisah untuk menerapkan Prinsip Kehati-hatian dan Pacta Sunt Servanda dalam kontrak perbankan. Penelitian Hukum ini menggunakan metode positivis normatif dengan menggunakan undang-undang dan pendekatan konseptual bersama dengan tiga sumber penelitian. Penelitian Hukum ini fokus pada konsekuensi hukum dalam perjanjian perwaliamanatan dan Pertang-gungjawaban Bank dalam kasus Bank termasuk aset Settlor sebagai Aset Kepailitan. Hasil Penelitian adalah bank hanya sebagai manajer Aset sehingga setiap tindakan hukum harus memiliki persetujuan Settlor sehingga jika aset dimasukkan Aset Aset Kepailitan adalah kontrak dan pelanggaran hukum sehingga harus diperbaiki dengan penyelesaian sengketa kontrak.

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Farida, Elfia. "KEWAJIBAN NEGARA INDONESIA TERHADAP PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL YANG TELAH DIRATIFIKASI (Convention on The Protection of The Rights of All Migrant Workers of Their Families)." Administrative Law and Governance Journal 3, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/alj.v3i1.182-191.

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International agreements have advantages over other sources of international law. International agreements are used consistently as a tool for cooperation or peaceful relations between countries regardless of their political, economic and social systems. Indonesia has also taken many binding actions on international treaties. If Indonesia is bound by an international agreement, then it is obliged not to carry out something that is contrary to the essence, purpose and purpose of the international agreement and morally must obey obligations arising from the existence of the international agreement in good faith (pacta sunt servanda). The International Convention on The Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers of Their Families has been ratified through Law No. 6 of 2012 so that Indonesia is obliged to realize the rights set out in the Convention into law in force in Indonesia, as a form of State protection for Indonesian migrant workers and members of their families. Keywords: state obligations, international treaties, ratification Abstrak Perjanjian internasional mempunyai kelebihan dibandingkan sumber hukum internasional lainnya. Perjanjian internasional digunakan secara konsisten sebagai alat kerja sama atau hubungan damai antar negara apapun sistem politik, ekonomi dan sosialnya. Indonesia juga telah banyak melakukan tindakan pengikatan terhadap perjanjian internasional. Apabila Indonesia sudah terikat pada suatu perjanjian internasional, maka berkewajiban untuk tidak melaksanakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan esensi, maksud dan tujuan perjanjian internasional dan secara moral harus mentaati kewajiban-kewajiban yang timbul akibat adanya perjanjian internasional tersebut dengan iktikad baik (pacta sunt servanda). International Convention on The Protection of The Rights of All Migrant Workers of Their Families telah diratifikasi melalui UU No. 6 Tahun 2012 sehingga Indonesia berkewajiban merealisasikan hak-hak yang diatur dalam Konvensi ke dalam hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia, sebagai wujud pelindungan Negara kepada pekerja migran Indonesia dan anggota keluarganya. Kata Kunci: kewajiban negara, perjanjian internasional, ratifikasi

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Sunyowati, Dina. "HUKUM INTERNASIONAL SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM DALAM HUKUM NASIONAL (Dalam Perspektif Hubungan Hukum Internasional Dan Hukum Nasional Di Indonesia)." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2013): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.2.1.2013.67-84.

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Countries agreement contained in an international agreement in the form of bilateral agreements, regional and multilateral agreements that are binding on the parties and a law for that entered into an agreement (pacta sunt servanda). International agreements that have been agreed and validated in a ratification by a country, then the agreement is valid and binding upon all be a source of law for the enforcement of law in making decisions. This is true also in Indonesia. Any international agreement that has been followed by Indonesia, which is contained in a ratification requirement or not, still have the force of binding for both parties. Keywords: International Law, Sources of Law, International Treaties, International Agreements.

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RYDEL, Konrad. "PRZYŁĄCZENIE KRYMU PRZEZ ROSJĘ W ŚWIETLE PRAWA MIĘDZYNARODOWEGO." Historia@Teoria 1, no. 7 (June 27, 2019): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ht.2018.7.1.15.

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The article describes the most important international law issues related to the annexation of the Crimea by the Russian Federation. The first part of the text concerns with the infringements of the international law made by Russia (infringement of the principle pacta sunt servanda, the principle of non intervention and the principle of the prohibition of aggression). The second, essential part of the text concerns the inadmissibility of self-determination of people in the case of the Crimea. Russian involvement in the Crimea results the illegality of self-determination in this case. It is also impossible because the case of Crimea does not meet the required conditions. This causes the inadmissibility of the secession of this territory.

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Condorelli, Orazio. "Condorelli, Orazio, I foedera pacis e il principio pacta sunt servanda. Note di ricerca nel pensiero dei giuristi dei secoli XII–XV." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung 105, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 55–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrgk-2019-0003.

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Abstract The foedera pacis and the principle pacta sunt servanda. Researches on the doctrines of medieval jurists (12th–15th c.). The foedera pacis (peace accords) belong to the core of the fundamental themes of the ius gentium. Some passages of Isidore from Seville and Augustine, handed down in Gratian's Decretum, and some fragments contained in Justinian's Digest (Gaius, Hermogenianus, Ulpianus) were the main sources on which the medieval jurists elaborated their doctrines concerning the foundations of the foedera pacis (pactum and fides) and the effects arising from these premises. The doctrines of medieval jurists on the foedera pacis represent one of the roots that nourished the reflections of the Fathers of modern international law (Grotius' thought is here examined).

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Kläser, Julian. "The Swiss Public Initiative against Mass Immigration (‘Masseneinwanderungsinitiave’): Caught between Constitutional Sovereignty and Pacta Sunt Servanda." European Journal of Migration and Law 16, no. 4 (November 14, 2014): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12342069.

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This article seeks to bring some clarity to the publicly held debate on the Swiss federal popular initiative to limit immigration as it was adopted on 9 February 2014 by the Swiss people. It considers the crux of the matter, which is the implementation of the new Swiss constitutional article in the context of public international law. The initiative is stuck in between Swiss constitutional sovereignty and Swiss treaty obligations flowing from the agreement on free movement of persons between the European Union and the Swiss Confederation. Specific attention is paid to the democratic element anchored in the Swiss Constitution which, in contrast to other systems where the judicial element prevails, is of high importance for whole the process of a bilateral contractual relationship between the European Union and the Swiss Confederation.

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Stojanovic, Snezana. "International tax treaties override." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 162 (2017): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1762347s.

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International order is based on the consent of states and the principle pacta sunt servanda, thus making the treaty override a serious problem. When one party unilaterally overrules treaty provision(s), other party may undertake measures prescribed in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: termination or suspension. It is also possible to apply mutual agreement procedure. Usually, states avoid entering into re-negotiation of the treaties because it is time-consuming. The author differentiates between treaty override in monist and dualist states, and within the European Union, then makes conclusion about the absence of pure solutions and proposes global action for solving treaty overriding problem, which could have further impact on economic activity and wealth on national and global level.

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Budiwati, Septarina, Muhammed Junaidi, and Wisnu Tri Nugroho. "The Principle of Pacta Sunt Servanda in Fintech Transactions is Reviewed Through The Perspective of Ushul Fiqh." Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law 4, no. 1 (May 12, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/al-iktisab.v4i1.4350.

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Castañeda Rivas, María Leoba. "LA IMPREVISIÓN EN LOS CONTRATOS: LA CLÁUSULA REBUS SIC STANTIBUS COMO EXCEPCIÓN AL PRINCIPIO PACTA SUNT SERVANDA." Revista de la Facultad de Derecho de México 62, no. 258 (June 15, 2017): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fder.24488933e.2012.258.60729.

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En este artículo se realiza un estudio monográfico de la teoría de la imprevisión en los contratos, tomando en cuenta los principios fundamentales del derecho civil y el acuerdo de voluntades como simiente del derecho privado. El punto de partida del autor es la excepción al principio pacta sunt servanda, es decir, la cláusula rebus sic stantibus, haciendo un repaso histórico de su evolución a lo largo de las épocas del pensamiento occidental. Del mismo modo, realiza un ejercicio de derecho comparado, tanto en las legislaciones de diversos países como en los tratados internacionales. También, dentro del ámbito del derecho interno, enuncia los códigos locales que contienen esta figura, así como las jurisprudencias aplicables. La autora detalla sobre los requisitos formales, los efectos jurídicos y la aplicación de la imprevisión en el derecho mexicano. Finalmente, se hace una invitación al estudio de este tema para modernizar la materia contractual y atraer otras disciplinas al derecho civil.

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Vlavianos, George. "Specific Performance in the Civil Law: Mediating Between Inconsistent Principles Inherited from a Roman-Canonical Tradition via the French Astreinte and the Québec Injunction." Revue générale de droit 24, no. 4 (February 27, 2019): 515–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1056817ar.

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Traditionally, inexecution of a contractual obligation in the civil law gives rise to an award in damages. This principle stems from Roman law of the classical period, which held to the maxim Nemo praecise cogi potest ad factum. In the post-classical period, however, the influence of ecclesiastical courts and the Christian notion of fidei laesio imposed itself on the classical pre-eminence of damages. Consequently, contractual obligations were often specifically enforced by secular courts based on the pacta sunt servanda doctrine of the canon law. Yet damages and specific performance, it is argued, are from the outset conceptually irreconcilable remedies. The full import of the nemo praecise principle prohibits all acts compelling the debtor to perform, whether such compulsion be physical or one of conscience. Pacta sunt servanda, on the other hand, maintains that that which has been promised should be performed, by force if necessary. In France, the mechanism of astreinte — a comminatory fine imposed on the debtor upon his failure to comply with a court order — is used to specifically enforce contractual obligations. This is done despite the fact that execution in kind is not expressly sanctioned by the Code civil. In Québec, courts have been slow to acknowledge the suitability of specific performance in the context of contractual obligations. The source of such hesitation is codally rooted, as the Civil Code of Lower Canada, in terms similar to the French Code civil, enunciates the supremacy of damages at article 1065. But this situation will change with the arrival of the new Civil Code of Québec. With this reorientation of the substantive law, Québec courts will be procedurally better equipped to enforce specific performance than their French counterparts. In essence, via the injunction, a court may physically compel a recalcitrant debtor. Despite its common law origins, the author contends that the injunction is not incompatible with the law of obligations in Québec. Any perceived incompatibility in the realm of contract law arises from the initial irreconcilability of damages and specific performance.

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Luthfi, FuaD. "Implemenetasi Yuridis tentang Kedudukan Memorandum of Understanding (mou) dalam Sistem Hukum Perjanjian Indonesia." Syariah Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/sy.v17i2.1971.

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Penelitian ini akan menelaah mengenai Implemenetasi Yuridis tentang Kedudukan Memorandum of Understanding (mou) dalam Sistem Hukum Perjanjian Indonesia Memorandum of Understanding atau disingkat MoU merupakan pencatatan atau pendokumentasian hasil negosiasi awal dalam bentuk tertulis. penggunaan istilah Memorandum of Understanding harus dibedakan dari segi teoritis dan praktis. Secara teoritis, dokumen Memorandum of Understanding tidak mengikat secara hukum, agar dapat mengikat secara hukum harus ditindaklanjuti dengan membuat suatu perjanjian. Sedangkan apabila mengacu pada KUHPer yang menyamakan Memorandum of Understanding dengan perjanjian, walaupun Pasal 1338 KUHPer mengatakan bahwa setiap perjanjian yang dibuat secara sah mengikat sebagai undang-undang bagi para pihak yang membuatnya (Pacta Sunt Servanda), akan tetapi apabila unsur-unsur sahnya perjanjian dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPer tidak terpenuhi, maka Memorandum of Understanding tersebut batal demi hukum, dan tidak mempunyai kekuatan hukum.

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González, Francisco L. Hernández. "The case of the panama canal expansion: Pacta sunt servanda versus rebus sic stantibus in public works procurement." Journal of Public Procurement 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 52–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jopp-16-01-2016-b003.

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The Panama Canal expansion is one of the most important public works projects in recent times. Both the awarding of the contract and its execution have been surrounded by intense controversy. The situation came to a head in February 2014 when the contractor halted construction work due to the canal authority’s failure to maintain the economic balance of the contract. This article explains the circumstances surrounding this dispute and analyses the causes and consequences of modifications to the contract. These are classic problems that affect all public procurement systems. The lessons drawn from this extraordinary case are valid for other legal systems

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Winardi, Winardi, and Chomariyah Chomariyah. "THE LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF CHINA’S OBJECTION AGAINST PCA’S AWARDS ON INTERNATIONAL LAW." Hang Tuah Law Journal 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/htlj.v2i2.68.

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South China Sea (SCS) dispute has been running for so long. The claimant states keeps endeavoring various resolutions to settle that dispute, either through reconcilement by their own choice or under several compulsory procedures provided by UNCLOS 1982 (Convention). Considering the content of UNCLOS 1982, one of the claimant states, Philippines, brought the dispute to PCA unilaterally against China which objected the jurisdiction along with its final award through official government statements and verbal notes. China was found violating International Law based on the principle of Pacta Sunt Servanda. Nine Dash Lines claimed based on Historic Rights are still retained by China. The procedures should lead to a permanent resolution by International Community to avoid any possible armed conflicts, including the likelihood that Historic Rights turned into Customary International Law.

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Revista, La. "Introducción." Revista Internacional de la Cruz Roja 16, no. 104 (April 1991): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0250569x0001387x.

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El derecho de los conflictos armados no tiene valor –ni sentido– si no es aplicado. Pacta sunt servanda. Debería ser posible implantar este tipo de axioma en la conciencia humana, sin desviaciones y sin limites, porque lo que está en juego es nada menos que la protection de las víctimas de los conflictos armados y la limitation de los efectos de la violencia en las situaciones conflictivas.Reconozcamos –lo que no es ninguna novedad– que tal no es el caso. Sin duda porque el derecho international humanitario (DIH) es una especie de transactión entre las necesidades militares y las exigencias humanitarias, a menudo sólo respetado si coincide con los intereses propios del Estado, sin duda también porque la violencia inherente a las situaciones conflictivas no induce especialmente a prestar una asidua atención a los principios y a las normas del derecho humanitario.

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Tanaya, Velliana, and Harimurti Adi Nugroho. "Penggunaan Governing Languange Clause dan Translation Clause pada Perjanjian Berbahasa Asing." Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi 2, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v2i1.2387.

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Since the enactment of Law No. 24/2009 on Flag, Language, National Emblems and the National Anthem (UU Bahasa), many court decisions arise related to the use of foreign languages (English) in agreements made between Indonesian Citizens or Indonesia Legal Entities with Foreigners or Foreign Legal Entities. One of the most well-known verdicts was the verdict that canceled the loan agreement between PT Bangun Karya Pertama Lestasri and Nine AM for violating Article 31 paragraph (1) UU Bahasa. This article discusses 4 cases that have been resolved by the State Court, the High Court and the Supreme Court where almost all of the decisions cancelled the agreements written in foreign languages. It is effected the businessman to use governing language clauses and translation clauses into foreign language agreements based on freedom of contract and pacta sunt servanda

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Ramírez Mayorga, Avil. "“Teoría de la Imprevisión” a la luz del ordenamiento jurídico nicaragüense: necesidad de regulación y aprovechamiento de experiencias extranjeras." Revista de Derecho, no. 27 (January 17, 2020): 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/derecho.v0i27.9249.

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El presente trabajo de investigación gira en torno al fenómeno mediante el cual ciertas situaciones imprevisibles pueden alterar gravemente las condiciones originales de contratación que llevaron inicialmente a las partes a entrar a una relación contractual de largo plazo, haciendo de su cumplimiento excesivamente oneroso para uno de los contratantes. Ante tal premisa, abordaremos como la doctrina y legislación han identificado en la figura de la “Teoría de la Imprevisión” una solución que permite ajustar la relación contractual ante la nueva realidad devenida, enfatizando que esta figura es de uso a manera de prudente excepción ante la regla Pacta Sunt Servanda. Abordaremos esta figura en torno a su situación jurídica en Nicaragua y el aprovechamiento de las experiencias extranjeras de Italia y Alemania para poder hacer un diagnóstico y las recomendaciones que se tengan a bien.

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Martinez Capdevila, Carmen. "El TJUE se declara incompetente para pronunciarse sobre un recurso por incumplimiento cuando la infracción del derecho de la UE resulta de un ilícito internacional. (Sentencia de 31 enero 2020, Eslovenia/Croacia, C-457/18)." Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo, no. 67 (December 14, 2020): 1009–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rdce.67.07.

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El 31 de enero de 2020 el TJUE dictó sentencia en el asunto Eslovenia/Croacia (C-457/18), declarándose incompetente para pronunciarse sobre el recurso. En el trasfondo de éste se encontraba el laudo dictado en 2017 por un tribunal arbitral delimitando la frontera entre los dos países balcánicos. El TJUE niega su competencia para conocer de las violaciones del derecho UE alegadas por Eslovenia por entender que son accesorias con respecto al eventual incumplimiento del laudo arbitral por Croacia. Además, rechaza que la frontera entre los Estados miembros determinada en este instrumento pueda asumirse como presupuesto fáctico a la luz del cual apreciar la realidad de la infracción del derecho UE por parte croata. Tras su análisis, la sentencia del TJUE se considera acertada en ambos aspectos. Se defiende, además, que no supone que el Tribunal ignore el Derecho internacional, incluidos los principios pacta sunt servanda y res iudicata.

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Begic, Zlatan. "Legal Capacities of the Dayton Constitution in the Process of Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to European Union." Journal of Politics and Law 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v9n1p11.

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The central part of this paper is concerned with the possibilities of the Dayton Constitution in the process of accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to European Union. At the first place, this paper contains an analysis of the legal power of the general principles of international law in the constitutional system of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in particular, the pacta sunt servanda principle which has significant importance, in legal sense, for implementation obligations deriving from the international agreements related to European integration. In this regard, it should be emphasized that Article III/3b of the BH Constitution implicitly refers to the obligatory implementation of the aforementioned principles. In terms of commitments deriving from the European integration process, this paper also includes an analysis of the other constitutional possibilities for harmonization entity legislation and establishment integrated state frame and functional unified single market on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Verbicaro, Dennis, and Sergie Gerrits Arruda. "A HIPERVULNERABILIDADE DO CONSUMIDOR IDOSO NAS MENSALIDADES DOS PLANOS DE SAÚDE EM RAZÃO DA IDADE NA JURISPRUDÊNCIA REPETITIVA DO STJ (RESP 1.568.244/RJ)." Revista Direito em Debate 28, no. 51 (August 7, 2019): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21527/2176-6622.2019.51.34-48.

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O presente artigo, através do método dedutivo e de pesquisa teórica e jurisprudencial, pretende demonstrar que a decisão do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, no julgamento do tema repetitivo 952 e com base no REsp 1.568.244/RJ, a pretexto de padronizar a interpretação judicial acerca dos reajustes abusivos nas mensalidades dos planos de saúde do idoso, importou em grave retrocesso à tutela do consumidor, na medida em que supervalorizou o vetusto princípio do pacta sunt servanda nas relações de consumo e, ainda, atribuiu autoridade decisória irrecorrível à Agência Nacional de Saúde quanto ao reajuste das mensalidades, deixando para uma improvável revisão judicial o conceito de onerosidade excessiva na análise do caso concreto. Conclui-se que o precedente em referência ignora a condição de hipervulnerabilidade do consumidor idoso, favorecendo a transferência do risco da atividade econômica das Administradoras de Planos para a parte mais fraca na relação de consumo, comprometendo o próprio acesso à saúde.

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Zamroni, Mohammad. "Kewenangan Hakim Mengadili Sengketa Kontrak." Halu Oleo Law Review 1, no. 1 (March 11, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33561/holrev.v1i1.2353.

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Penyelesaian sengketa kontrak merupakan upaya untuk mengakhiri konflik atau perbedaan kepentingan yang muncul pada saat pelaksanaan kontrak. Dengan diakhirinya suatu konflik, maka para pihak dapat kembali melanjutkan hubungan kontraktual, atau kembali kepada keadaan seperti sebelum mengadakan hubungan kontraktual. Namun demikian para pihak sering kali tidak mampu menemukan solusi bersama atas konflik yang terjadi, sehingga penyelesaiannya kemudian diserahkan kepada hakim. Masalahnya, asas kebebasan berkontrak dan asas pacta sunt servanda telah menegaskan bahwa pihak-pihak di luar kontrak tidak dapat mencampuri apa yang telah disepakati para pihak. Sehingga adanya intervensi terhadap kontrak dianggap mengganggu kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dasar kewenangan hakim mengadili sengketa kontrak. Penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode penelitian hukum, serta melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kewenangan hakim mengadili sengketa kontrak didasarkan pada tujuan hukum kontrak, yaitu untuk mengayomi pihak-pihak yang bersengketa, dengan memberikan perlindungan terhadap kepentingan para pihak secara adil, dan memberikan kepastian hukum terhadap kontrak yang disengketakan.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pacta servanda sunt'

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