Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pai language

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pai language'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Pai language.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Pai language"

1

Akulov, Alexander. "Prefixation Ability Index (PAI) as a powerful typological tool of historical linguistics." Lingua Posnaniensis 57, no. 1 (2015): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/linpo-2015-0001.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract At present there are many odd hypotheses about the genetic affiliation of certain languages. Most such hypotheses are invented without any serious examination of the structural differences between the languages being compared. The PAI method was inspired by ideas of A. P. Volodin, who noticed that there were two types of languages, one type has prefixation and the other does not. Actually, there is no sharp divide between the two types, it is more precise to use a coefficient (i.e. PAI) rather than simply ask “does a language allow prefixation?” The PAI theory supposed there was correlation between values of PAI of genetically related languages. Tests of PAI on the material of well assembled stocks prove that such correlations exist. Being applied to Ainu and to languages that are possibly supposed to be related to it. The PAI shows that Ainu that is not related to either Altaic or Nivkh, while a search for relatives of Ainu to the south shows potential. Also PAI can be useful in the case of other unsettled questions of language affiliation in North America, New Guinea, Southeast Asia, Africa and other places.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

AKULOV, Alexander. "Prefixation Ability Index and Verbal Grammar Correlation Index prove the reality of Buyeo group." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 6, no. 1 (2016): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.6.1.81-97.

Full text
Abstract:
All suggestions about reality of Buyeo group were based on the representation of a language as a heap of lexemes: such method allows different scholars to make different conclusions and doesn't suppose verification. Language is first of all structure/grammar, but not a heap of lexemes, so methods of comparative linguistics should be based on comparison of grammars. Prefixation Ability Index (PAI) and Verbal Grammar Correlation Index (VGCI) are typology based tools of comparative linguistics. PAI allows us to see whether languages are potentially related: if values of PAI differ more than fourfold, it's a sign of unrelatedness, if PAI values differ less than fourfold, there is a possibility for some further search to find proves of relatedness. VGCI completely answers questions about relatedness/unrelatedness: if VGCI value is 0.4 and more then languages are related, if VGCI is 0.3 and less then languages are unrelated. PAI of Japanese is 0.13, PAI of Korean is 0.13; it means they can be related. VGCI of Japanese and Korean is 0.57, it's almost the same as VGCI of English and Afrikaans that is 0.56, so it means that Japanese and Korean belong to the same group, but not just to the same family.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

GUTIERREZ, ANNABELLE, ANGELA ROSAS, and NEVIN W. WILSON. "Effect of Language on Parental Understanding About Asthma in Hispanic Children." Pediatric Asthma, Allergy & Immunology 6, no. 1 (1992): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/pai.1992.6.61.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Koller, Bernhard. "Hittite pai- ‘come’ and uwa- ‘go’ as Restructuring Verbs." Proto-Indo-European Syntax and its Development 3, no. 1 (2013): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.3.1.05kol.

Full text
Abstract:
The present article provides a new syntactic analysis of the Hittite phraseological construction involving the verbs pai- ‘come’ or uwa- ‘go’ and a second finite verb. Most approaches have treated the construction as monoclausal in terms of verb serialization (Garrett 1990). This study will take a different approach, arguing that pai- and uwa- select a phrasal complement. The features that apparently set the construction apart from other cases of embedding in Hittite will be explained as effects of Restructuring (Rizzi 1982), a phenomenon Hittite also exhibits outside of the construction in question. It will further be argued that uwa- functions as a raising verb while pai- functions as a control verb, accounting for the differences in syntactic behavior between the two.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Aquino, José Edicarlos de. "Quando a língua é paterna." Línguas e Instrumentos Línguísticos 23, no. 46 (2020): 224–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/lil.v23i46.8659716.

Full text
Abstract:
O objetivo do presente ensaio é de analisar, no conjunto das expressões que são empregadas na Antiguidade para nomear as línguas, os sentidos construídos em torno das expressões sermo patrius e patria lingua, indagando sobre a metáfora do pai para nomear a língua latina na Antiguidade.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Fuad, Nurhattati. "PENGARUH SERTIFIKASI GURU TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KINERJA GURU PAI DI SMP DAN MTs." Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan 8, no. 1 (2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jmp.08103.

Full text
Abstract:
This study aim to evaluate the effect of teacher certification on improving the performance of PAI teachers in SMP and MTs in 23 regencies / cities spread across 14 provinces. This research was conducted for 3 (three) months. This research is evaluative research. The results show that: (1) Certification for Teachers of PAI and Arabic in MTs and PAI teachers in junior high schools has been run in accordance with existing guidelines. (2) the performance of Teachers of PAI clusters and the language of direction in MTs and PAI teachers in certified junior high schools is close to compliance with the standards, but there are still teacher weaknesses in the use of IT in learning and seeking enrichment materials from the virtual world. (3) Teacher certification affect teacher performance. (4) There are several factors that affect teacher performance, both from internal and external aspects.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kusmayadi, Yudi. "IMPLEMENTASI PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INGGRIS PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI DINIYAH ULYA KELAS 4 DENGAN METODE COLLABORATIVE LEARNING DI PONDOK PESANTREN MIFTAHUL HUDA AL-AZHAR CITANGKOLO." THORIQOTUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 1 (2018): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47971/tjpi.v1i1.101.

Full text
Abstract:

 This research has a background that the era of globalizationraises the community's need for international schools that have theconcepts and systems needed for international standard schools thatactually implement the international system. Not only limited to thecover or international appearance, but the content and purposeaccording to the label displayed. So that it can answer people's anxiety.This study aims to describe the implementation of the use of English inPAI learning in diniyah ulya grade 4 by using the CollaborativeLearning method at Miftahul Huda Al-Azhar Islamic Boarding Schoolin Citangkolo Banjar, Including the preparation, implementation, and evaluation ofPAI learning, advantages and disadvantages, obstacles and solutionsfor Implementation of English using English in PAI learning in diniyahulya grade 4 by using Collaborative Learning method in Islamicboarding school Miftahul Huda al Azhar Citangkolo Banjar City Theresults of this study are (1) Implementation of the use of English in PAIlearning in grade 4th grade ulya Madrasah Ali Miftahul Huda Al AzharCitangkolo Banjar as a whole is in accordance with the guidelines oflearning programs with the use of foreign languages. language. (2) thebenefits of implementing the use of English motivate teachers andstudents to master English better, foster greater self-confidence inteachers and students, students avoid speaking improperly / disrespectfully, increasing students' abilities or skills (abilities) inEnglish, add teacher insight. Deficiencies in the form of timeeffectiveness (3) constraints in the form of teacher recruitment,standardization of the English language ability of PAI teachers,building madrasa culture, mastering English that is owned by teachersand students. Solutions in the form of conducting English learning forteachers and students, supplementary learning for students in theafternoon, conducting training for teachers, delegating PAI teachers tobuild madrasa culture, making corrections to lesson plans, andteaching practices (Micro Teaching), controlling language 
 
 
 
 
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Sutisna, Usman, Mia Fitriah Elkarimah, and Fery Rahmawan Asma. "Pengembangan kompetensi profesional guru PAI melalui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi." ABSYARA: Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat 1, no. 2 (2020): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/ab.v1i2.2629.

Full text
Abstract:
Teachers are at the forefront of school, and students' development must have various competencies, namely pedagogical, personal, social, and professional competencies. In professional competence, educators must take advantage of information and communication technology to communicate and develop themselves. This community service activity aims to support the educator in gaining professional competence. Significantly to improve Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers' professional competence and encourage the realization of good learning, especially in making questions and materials that require Arabic Al-Qur'an components in it. Thirty-five religious teachers from 34 Elementary School Education units, both public and private, who are members of the KKGPAI (Islamic Religious Education Teachers Working Group) throughout the Setiabudi sub-district attended this training. The training method uses lectures and demonstrations or direct practice. The community service team's task is to help teachers who initially do not understand and cannot make Arabian font or language with computers. Therefore, through in-teacher training, the educator can make PAI questions and written works in Arabic using computers. As the results of community service activities in general, religious teachers who are members of the KKPAI of Setiabudi district have made PAI questions in Arabic using a computer application.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kwabla, Fiadzawoo Jonas, Yegblemenawo Stella Afi Makafui, and Quansah Joseph Yaw Dwamena. "Pronunciation in the Study of French: Attitudes of Teacher-Trainees in Colleges of Education in Ghana." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 1 (2017): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n1p225.

Full text
Abstract:
This study aims at finding out the attitudes of teacher trainees in selected colleges of education in Ghana towards the learning of French language pronunciation. To achieve this aim, Pronunciation Attitude Inventory (PAI) was used to collect field data from 229 French teacher trainees purposively selected from the five colleges of education responsible for training French teachers in Ghana. The participants were asked to respond to PAI comprising 13 statements on the five-point Likert scale. This was intended to elicit their views on the learning of pronunciation which has been introduced into their curriculum. The results which were analysed by the use of SPSS indicated that the teacher trainees have good attitudes towards the learning of pronunciation in the French language. It is believed that the trainees would in turn teach pronunciation after their graduation as French teachers. The article concludes with a suggestion to language teachers as well as curriculum planners to include components of pronunciation in language courses and help students to acquire correct pronunciation of words since this enhances mutual intelligibility in terms of communication.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Sulastri, Sri, and Roko Patria Jati. "Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Siswa Tunarungu." MUDARRISA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Islam 8, no. 1 (2016): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/mdr.v8i1.1-30.

Full text
Abstract:
Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Responden adalah Kepala Sekolah, guru PAI, dan guru kelas. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan hasil wawancara, dokumentasi dan catatan lapangan kemudian data ditranskip menjadi data yang lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam siswa tunarungu di SMPLB Wantu Wirawan Salatiga berpedoman pada kurikulum KTSP SMP dengan modifikasi guru. Materi yang disampaikan ditekankan pada materi akhlak dan fiqih dengan bobot materi lebih ringan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, latihan demonstrasi, menggunakan bahasa yang sederhana, suara yang keras, pelan, jelas, menghadap ke siswa agar melihat gerak bibir guru, dan menggunakan alat peraga. Hasil pembelajaran PAI menunjukkan bahwa siswa tunarungu sudah menjalankan ritual keagamaan dalam keseharian dan berperilaku seperti tuntunan agama, yaitu siswa tunarungu sangat sopan, ramah dan terbiasa melakukan wudhu dan sholat wajib. Kendala yang dialami guru pendidikan agama Islam diantaranya kurangnya jumlah guru PAI, kurangnya pemanfaatan media, kurang disiplinnya siswa. Guru SMPLB-B dalam mengajar menggunakan pendekatan individual, pembiasaan, latihan, dan pengulangan. Anak tunarungu sulit mengartikan konsep abstrak dan kurangnya kemampuan bahasa untuk berkomunikasi sehingga guru melatih dalam meningkatkan bahasa dengan menggunakan bahasa isyarat, menulis, berbicara dan pengejaannya, maupun campuran diantara keseluruhannya. It is a qualitative descriptive research approach. Data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The respondents are the Principal, Islamic religious (PAI) teachers, and classroom teachers. Data were collected by interviews, documentation and field notes. The results showed that the learning of Islamic Education of deaf students in SMPLB Wantu Wirawan, Salatiga based on the curriculum based competence (KTSP) with modification. Materials are presented by emphasis on material of morals and jurisprudence by lighter weight using lectures, discussion, and exercise demonstrations. SLMP-LB uses a simple language and its delivery should be with aloud, slowly, clearly, and face to face, so that students can see the teacher's lips move. Learning media employs more props. The learning results show that deaf students are already do a religious ritual in everyday life and behave like religious guidance, such as they act politely, friendly and used to perform ablution and prayer. Constraints experienced by the Islamic religious education teachers include lack of teachers of PAI, the lack of ability of teachers to use the media, lack of discipline students. SMPLB-B teachers are more patient, loving, and the individualized teaching approach, habituation, exercise, model, and repetition. Children with hearing impairment is difficult to interpret the abstract concept and the lack of language skills to communicate so that teachers train in enhancing language using sign language, writing practice, speaking practice, train justification speech, or a mixture of sign language, writing, speech and utterance justification.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pai language"

1

Sousa, Maria do Rosário Abreu e. "Olhares viajantes: Pai João, Mãe Cecília." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2008. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2775.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T21:48:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Maria do Rosario Abreu e Sousa4.pdf: 600031 bytes, checksum: 132fde705eb59acb7a76fa8e4a8106e8 (MD5) Maria do Rosario Abreu e Sousa3.pdf: 1192137 bytes, checksum: 88b185f14e33556d17e2ca7cc78d65b0 (MD5) Maria do Rosario Abreu e Sousa2.pdf: 1444782 bytes, checksum: f8609591340badc5c86e9121280a4fb0 (MD5) Maria do Rosario Abreu e Sousa1.pdf: 2405508 bytes, checksum: 581b719239738bf7e8adf515399805e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-26<br>This work discusses the poetic language of five selected letters that Guimarães Rosa and Cecília Meireles wrote to their daughters, when they were child or teenagers, during the 1940 years. It reflects about the success of the publication of letters of famous writers. It presents concepts about epistolography, and its importance to the literary studies as well as discussions if letters are or are not literature. It quests the importance of these ten selected letters to the literary studies. It analyses the poetic language of the selected letters, and it concludes identifying the lack of studies about letters written to/by children<br>Esta dissertação discute a linguagem poética de cinco cartas selecionadas que os escritores João Guimarães Rosa e Cecília Meireles escreveram para suas filhas nos anos 1940, quando estas eram crianças, ou entravam nos primeiros anos da adolescência. Reflete acerca do sucesso editorial da escrita de si . Apresenta conceitos sobre epistolografia e sua importância para os estudos literários, bem como discussões acerca do estatuto literário da carta. Questiona o peso dessas dez cartas selecionadas para os estudos literários, relacionando-as aos diferentes pontos de vista relatados anteriormente por diversos críticos e teóricos. Analisa a linguagem poética das dez cartas selecionadas relacionando-as à obra dos dois escritores. Conclui identificando lacunas na bibliografia sobre epistolografia, especialmente naquela endereçada ou produzida para crianças.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Silva, Mariana Duccini Junqueira da. "Em nome do pai - articulações discursivas em matérias sobre parricídio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-23072009-161920/.

Full text
Abstract:
Esta pesquisa visa a apresentar as construções discursivas sobre crimes de parricídio em reportagens das revistas semanais brasileiras Veja, IstoÉ e Época, num período compreendido entre os anos de 1970 e 2002, totalizando 10 matérias analisadas. A partir dos referenciais teóricos propostos pelas Ciências da Linguagem, Teorias da Enunciação e Análise do Discurso de orientação francesa, buscou-se depreender como as referidas reportagens viabilizam determinados efeitos de sentido, respaldadas por uma vontade de verdade, na terminologia de Michel Foucault. Intentou-se, ainda, verificar de que forma a instância enunciadora mobiliza estratégias para construir sua identidade, em vista do princípio constitutivamente heterogêneo do discurso. As análises efetuadas denotam que, a despeito de as matérias terem sido veiculadas em momentos diversos, ao longo de 32 anos, têm em comum o fato de identificarem a mencionada predisposição de verdade ao lugar do pai, enquanto metáfora das injunções de que emana a própria organização da sociedade.<br>This research aims to present the discursive constructions on crimes of parricide as they appeared in articles published by the Brazilians weekly magazines Veja, IstoÉ and Época, between 1970 e 2002. In all, 10 articles were analysed. Taking into account the theoretical background of the Sciences of Language, Enunciation and French Discourse Analysis, we attempted to infer how these articles undertake certain sense effects based on a will to truth, as referred by Michel Foucault. The analysis is also intended to examine the enunciative instances strategies in building its identity, in consideration of discourse heterogeneous characteristic. Despite of being published in different moments along 32 years, the articles are similar in basing that will to truth on the name of the father, as a metaphorical construction of the injunctions which organizes the society itself.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kotler, Carmia. "O uso da arte como instrumento ideológico na fundação de Israel: estudo sobre \'Nos Passos da Consumpção, espetáculo em sete atos sobre os dias de Ezequias, rei de Judá, e Acaz, seu pai\', de Eliezer Lipa Ioffê." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-07112014-123522/.

Full text
Abstract:
Esta tese trata da obra de Eliezer Lipa Ioffê Nos Passos da Consumpção, Espetáculo em sete atos sobre os dias de Ezequias, rei de Judá, e Acaz, seu pai, aqui traduzida para o português, e de outros textos escritos por ele, tendo como pano de fundo o renascimento da língua hebraica nos séculos XIX e XX. Trata também de elementos biográficos e do desenvolvimento do teatro na língua hebraica. A obra teatral de Ioffê impõe-se como forte crítica às ideias coletivistas, tidas como igualitárias, sintetizadas pelo kibuts, assim como a atitudes discutíveis dos políticos da época, com desdobramentos no presente. Como parte da tendência em Israel de publicações autobiográficas a respeito da vida no kibuts, este trabalho busca expor, num formato diferenciado, através da obra de Ioffê, a desconfiança acerca da aparente igualdade na vida comunitária do kibuts e ao mesmo tempo apresentar elementos sobre a opção de vida individualista oferecida pelo moshav ovdim, criado por Ioffê<br>This thesis analyses the use of art as an ideological tool in the founding of Israel through the study on Eliezer Lipa Ioffe´s theater play \"In the Footsteps of Consumption, spectacle in seven acts on the days of Hezekiah king of Judah and Akhaz his father and some other texts written by him. This work sets light on the revival of the Hebrew language in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and also deals with biographical elements and the development of Hebrew Language Theater. Ioffe´s theatrical work translated here to Portuguese imposes itself as a strong criticism against collectivist ideas, wich are considered egalitarian, synthesized in the kibutz life, as well as against controversial political attitudes of the time, with repercussions in the present. As part of the Israeli current trend of autobiographical publications about kibutz life, this work seeks to expose in a different format, through the work of Ioffe, the mistrust about the apparent equality in the kibutz community life, and on the same time present an \"individualistic\" life option offered by Moshav Ovdim, created by Ioffe
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Bradley, Alan. "The child's language of pain." Thesis, Durham University, 1990. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6622/.

Full text
Abstract:
A series of experiments was conducted with children, aged between five and eleven years, which sought to determine the utility of using their verbal, and non-verbal, communications to measure the quality or intensity of the pain they are experiencing. Experiments which investigated children's ability to use language to communicate pain suggested that children are aged seven years, and older, before they discriminate between pain and non-pain words, or can show that these words share a similar meaning with an adult comparison group. When children aged between seven and ten years completed verbal pain questionnaires, the results showed that the seven year olds demonstrated only rudimentary discrimination between five acute painful situations. Discrimination improved with age, but the ten year olds were not as discriminating as an adult comparison group. Children aged five to ten years were asked to recall, and describe, all of their past painful experiences. Results show significant developmental trends in the following; the number of painful experiences that children can recall, the figurative use of language to describe the recalled pain, and the number of pain descriptions that children generate. An experiment investigated the reliability of non-verbal rating scales when completed by children aged between five and ten years. Results indicate that children below the age of seven failed to show satisfactory levels of reliability, and that the response strategies that they use may overestimate the degree of reliability they do show. Older children do show reliable responses using these scales. The final experiment looked for changes in children’s behaviour when they received either a drug or placebo, whilst undergoing a painful medical procedure. Results are not conclusive, but do suggest that the frequency and intensity of facial expressions, and vocalisations, decrease when an analgesic was administered. Overall, these studies show that children are, on average, seven years of age before we can use their own pain communications as reliable indicators of the quality and severity of the pain they experience.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Fredericks, Izak Nicolaas Andreas. "The protection of languages and of language rights in the South African constitution." University of the Western cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5401.

Full text
Abstract:
Doctor Legum - LLD<br>The 1996 South African Constitution contains a number of provisions that deal specifically with the protection of languages and of rights relating to language. The most important of these is section 6 which recognises 11 languages as official languages. This recognition is in line with recent developments in international law where common standards in relation to the protection of minority languages are in the process of being developed. The recognition of multilingualism as well as its implementation is thus becoming an obligation resting on all states, including South Africa. International law shows that persons belonging to linguistic minorities are entitled not only to protection against discrimination based on the language they speak, that is, formal equality, but also to positive state action in order to ensure their substantive equality. International law furthermore prescribes that where protection is given to minority languages, the principle of proportionality must guide states, and that legislation needs to be sufficiently detailed in bringing about such protection. The present thesis has as its main aims the interpretation of the provisions of the 1996 Constitution, in accordance with the above-mentioned international standards and the evaluation of the extent to which South African has complied with its constitutional obligations. The thesis in addition makes proposals in relation to what needs to be done to comply with such obligations. This is done in respect of the three levels of government - national, provincial and local - as well as the three state branches - the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. In addition, the implementation of the constitutional requirements in the educational sector is analysed.The thesis shows that a number of steps have thus far been taken in the process of giving effect to the relevant provisions of the Constitution. This includes the adoption of language policies on the national, provincial and local levels, as well as the enactment of language legislation in some provinces. In many provinces as well as municipalities, little effort has however been made to comply with these constitutional obligations. On the national level, much likewise still remains to be done in this regard. The current South African Languages Bill (2011) only caters for the activities of the national government, and does so in a way which conflicts with international norms. The Bill does not deal with parliament or the courts, and much uncertainty remains about the way in which the Constitution is to be given effect to in relation to these state branches. In relation to education, the issue of single-medium schools has been controversial, but has now been resolved by the Constitutional Court. Commendable policies have furthermore been adopted to provide for mother-tongue education, but it appears that English is slowly becoming the dominant language in education, at the expense of mother-tongue instruction.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Perry, Timothy. "Language rights, ethnic politics : a critique of the Pan South African Language Board." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5957.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Urpeth, James Richard. "The language of pain : Heidegger, difference and distance." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.352981.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Roberts, Anna I. "Emerging language : cognition and gestural communication in wild and language trained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3091.

Full text
Abstract:
An important element in understanding the evolutionary origin of human language is to explore homologous traits in cognition and communication between primates and humans (Burling, 1993, Hewes, 1973). One proposed modality of language evolution is that of gestural communication, defined as communicative movements of hands without using or touching objects (de Waal, 2003). While homologies between primate calls and language have been relatively well explored, we still have a limited understanding of how cognitive abilities may have shaped the characteristics of primate gestures (Corballis, 2003). Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are our closest living relatives and display some complex cognitive skills in various aspects of their gestural behaviour in captivity (de Waal, 2003, Pollick and de Waal, 2007). However, it is not yet currently clear to what extent these abilities seen in captive apes are typical of chimpanzees in general and to what extent cognitive capacities observed in captive chimpanzees have been enhanced by the socio-cultural environment of captivity such as language training. In this Ph.D. research, I investigated the cognitive skills underlying gestural communication in both wild and language trained chimpanzees, with a special focus on the repertoire and the intentionality of production and comprehension. The study of cognitive skills underlying the production of the repertoire and the role of intentionality is important because these skills are cognitively demanding and are a prerequisite in human infants for their ability to acquire language (Baldwin, 1995, Olson, 1993). My research suggests that chimpanzee gestural communication is cognitively complex and may be homologous with the cognitive skills evident in pre-verbal infants on the cusp of language acquisition. Chimpanzees display a multifaceted and complex signal repertoire of manual gestures. These gestures are the prototypes, within which there is variation, and between which the boundaries are not clear-cut, but there is gradation apparent along several morphological components. Both wild and language trained chimpanzees communicate intentionally about their perceived desires and the actions that they want the recipients to undertake. They do not just express their emotions, but they communicate flexibly by adjusting their communicative tactics in response to the comprehension states of the recipient. Whilst chimpanzees communicate their intentions flexibly, the messages conveyed are specific. However, recipients comprehend gestures flexibly in light of the signaller’s overall intentions. Whilst wild and language trained chimpanzee gestural communication revealed similar cognitive characteristics, language trained chimpanzees outperformed wild apes in that they had ability to use signals which made distinctions that human deictic words can make. Whilst these differences between wild and language trained chimpanzees may be due to the different methodological approaches used, it is conceivable that language training may have influenced captive ape cognitive skills in the representational domain. These results from wild and language trained chimpanzees indicate that chimpanzees possess some form of cognitive skills necessary for language development and that cognitive skills underlying repertoire and use in chimpanzees are a shared capacity between humans, other apes and a common ancestor. These findings render theories of the gestural origins of language more plausible. Related publications: 1. Roberts, A. I., Vick, S.-J., Roberts, S. G. B., Buchanan-Smith, H. M. & Zuberbühler, K. 2012. A structure-based repertoire of manual gestures in wild chimpanzees: Statistical analyses of a graded communication system. Evolution and Human Behavior, Published online: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.05.006 2. Roberts, A. I., Vick, S.-J. & Buchanan-Smith, H. 2012. Usage and comprehension of manual gestures in wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour, Published online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.05.022
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Smith, Marion Valerie. "Language and pain : private experience, cultural significance, and linguistic relativity." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335243.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Heimbauer, Lisa A. "Perception of Synthetic Speech by a Language-Trained Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/57.

Full text
Abstract:
Ability of human listeners to understand altered speech is argued as evidence of uniquely human processing abilities, but early auditory experience also may contribute to this capability. I tested the ability of Panzee, a language-trained chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), reared and spoken to from infancy by humans, to recognize synthesized words. Training and testing was conducted with different sets of English words in natural, “harmonics-only” (resynthesized using only voiced components), or “noise-vocoded” (based on amplitude-modulated noise bands) forms, with Panzee choosing from “lexigram” symbols that represented words. In Experiment 1 performance was equivalent with words in natural and harmonics-only form. In Experiment 2 performance with noise-vocoded words was significantly higher than chance but lower than with natural words. Results suggest specialized processing mechanisms are not necessary to speech perception in the absence of traditional acoustic cues, with the more important factor for speech-processing abilities being early immersion in a speech-rich environment.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Pai language"

1

Xing fu pai. Chun feng wen yi chu ban she, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Nāvaḍa, A. Vi. Govinda Pai pada-prayōga kōśa. Rāṣṭrakavi Gōvinda Pai Saṃśōdhana Kēndra, Uḍupi, paravāgi Gītā Buk Haus, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Zhao, Rongguang. Zi shou bu zi pai jian fa. Beijing zhong xian tuo fang ke ji fa zhan you xian gong si, 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Yangzhou xue pai gai lun. Guang ling shu she, 2003.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Han yu dao pai ci dian. Heilongjiang ren min chu ban she, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Liu, Runqing. Xi fang yu yan xue liu pai. Wai yu jiao xue yu yan jiu chu ban she, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Yi jing feng ge liu pai. Guangdong ren min chu ban she, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Xiao yuan kuai pai: Campus snapshots. Shang wu yin shu guan (Xianggang) you xian gong si, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

7000 dan zi pai xing bang. Wo shi chu ban ji tuan, 2009.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Li, Leyi. Han tzu yen pien wu pai li. Pei-ching yü yen wen hua ta hsüeh chʻu pan she, 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Pai language"

1

Bagchi, Asoke K. "Pain and Language." In Pain. Springer Vienna, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6975-9_31.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Arleo, Andy. "Pif paf poof." In Language Faculty and Beyond. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lfab.2.15arl.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Simões, Alberto, Rúben Fonseca, and José João Almeida. "Makefile::Parallel Dependency Specification Language." In Euro-Par 2007 Parallel Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74466-5_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Cagnard, Paul-Jean. "The ParCeL-2 Programming Language." In Euro-Par 2000 Parallel Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44520-x_106.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ameka, Felix K. "“Hard sun, hot weather, skin pain”." In Typological Studies in Language. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.107.02ame.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Rose, Jacqueline. "Peter Pan, Language and the State." In The Case of Peter Pan or The Impossibility of Children’s Fiction. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23208-6_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Clark, Alexander. "PAC-Learning Unambiguous NTS Languages." In Grammatical Inference: Algorithms and Applications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11872436_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Baker, Paul, Gavin Brookes, and Craig Evans. "Real men don’t feel pain." In The Language of Patient Feedback. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259265-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hachichi, Assia, Gaël Thomas, Cyril Martin, Bertil Folliot, and Simon Patarin. "A Generic Language for Dynamic Adaptation." In Euro-Par 2005 Parallel Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11549468_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Anastassia, Ekaterina Rakhilina, and Tatiana Reznikova. "Conceptualization of Pain: A Database for Lexical Typology." In Logic, Language, and Computation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00665-4_10.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Pai language"

1

Spatiotis, Nikolaos, Iosif Mporas, Michael Paraskevas, and Isidoros Perikos. "Sentiment Analysis for the Greek Language." In PCI '16: 20th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics. ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3003733.3003769.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Karanikolas, Nikitas N. "Building Stemmers for the Polish Language." In PCI '16: 20th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics. ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3003733.3003792.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Krikos, George A., Nikitas N. Karanikolas, George Miaoulis, and Athanasios Voulodimos. "Greek language object representation scene system." In PCI '19: 23rd Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3368640.3368666.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gkigkelos, Nikolaos, and Christos Goumopoulos. "Greek sign language vocabulary recognition using Kinect." In PCI 2017: 21st PAN-HELLENIC CONFERENCE ON INFORMATICS. ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3139367.3139386.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

E. Samaridi, Nikoletta, Nikitas N. Karanikolas, and Evangelos C. Papakitsos. "Lexicographic Environments in Natural Language Processing (NLP)." In PCI 2020: 24th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3437120.3437310.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Kubon, Vladislav, and Jernej Vicic. "A Comparison of MT Methods for Closely Related Languages: a Case Study on Czech - Slovak Language Pair." In Proceedings of the EMNLP'2014 Workshop on Language Technology for Closely Related Languages and Language Variants. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4212.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Georgiou, Stefanos, Maria Kechagia, and Diomidis Spinellis. "Analyzing Programming Languages' Energy Consumption." In PCI 2017: 21st PAN-HELLENIC CONFERENCE ON INFORMATICS. ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3139367.3139418.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Nguyen Thi, Nhung, and Minh Thu Nguyen Thi. "Television in the Tay-Nung Language in Vietnam." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.17-2.

Full text
Abstract:
Broadcasting and television are two popular types of media, with more audience than other types of media in Viet Nam today. Tay-Nung is a common language of two ethnic groups with the largest population of ethnic minorities in Viet Nam. Research on broadcasting and television in the Tay-Nung language is importance research, involving both journalism and the science of language. On the basis of surveys on the state of broadcasting in Tay-Nung language and the attitude, needs and aspirations of the Tay and Nung ethnicity on this activity, this article aims to describe and evaluate the current status of broadcasting in the Tay-Nung language, thereby proposing ways and means to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of broadcasting in Tay- Nung language. The main methods used in this study are a scientific observation method, a sociological survey method (interviews, discussions, investigation by questionnaires), method of description (analytical, statistical, classification, systematization) and a comparison method. Research data is collected from relevant documents and from the use of sociological survey methods. The subject of the article is the broadcast in Tay-Nung language activities in Viet Nam at present. This subject is considered in the following aspects; the places, the levels of broadcasting and television; the choice and use of language / dialect; attitude, needs and aspirations of the recipients, and some ways and solutions to be implemented. Research results of the project will help the Ministry of Information and Communication, in radio and television, to develop specific suggestions on the choice of type and level of communication. At the same time, the Viet Nam has also suggested the development of policies related to communication in ethnic minority languages. Raising the effectiveness of broadcasting in the Tay-Nung language will contribute to the preservation of language and culture; will improve quality of life for the Tay and Nung ethnicity and will contribute to sustainable development of nations in the renewal period. The work will inform work by the State, the Ministry of Information and Communication, should the State and the Ministry of Information and Communications pay attention to this timely guidance. Results will contribute to studies on communication in ethnic minority languages in Viet Nam or on communication in Tày Nùng in Southeast Asia.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Acharya, Praveen, and Bal Krishna Bal. "A Comparative Study of SMT and NMT: Case Study of English-Nepali Language Pair." In The 6th Intl. Workshop on Spoken Language Technologies for Under-Resourced Languages. ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/sltu.2018-19.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Bing, Jiang, Song Yan, and Dai Li-Rong. "Exploiting language cluster information for language pair identification." In 2012 International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing (ICALIP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icalip.2012.6376762.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Pai language"

1

Ballance, Robert A. Design of the Pan Language-Based Editor. Defense Technical Information Center, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada173780.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Bylsma, Wesley. Creation of Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) Displacement Data from Par Data. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431395.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.

Full text
Abstract:
Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF FORMS OF DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTING. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11105.

Full text
Abstract:
The article analyzes transformation of forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to the specific properties of different forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives. To analyze the peculiarities of their use for errors in speech of television journalists, associated with non-compliance with linguistic norms on ways to avoid these errors, to make appropriate recommendations to television journalists. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist, we used during the study methods of comparative analysis of comparison of theoretical positions from the work of individual linguists and journalism sat down as well as texts that sounded in the speech of journalists. Our objective is to trace these transformations and develop a certain attitude towards them in our researches of the language of the media and practicing journalists to support positive trends in the development of the broadcasting on TV and give recommendations for overcoming certain negative trends. Improving the live broadcasting of television journalists, in particular the work on deepening the language skills will contribute to the modernization of some trends in the reasonable expediency of the transformation of certain phenomena, moder­nization of some tendencies concerning the reasonable expedient transformation of separate grammatical phenomena and categories and at braking and in general stopping of processes of transformation of negative unreasonable not expedient. This fully applies primarily to attempts to transform the forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives and this explains importance of the results achieved in these study.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Pai language' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography