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Journal articles on the topic 'Pain sensitization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 January 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Song, Soo Youn, Ye Won Jung, WonKyo Shin, et al. "Endometriosis-Related Chronic Pelvic Pain." Biomedicines 11, no. 10 (2023): 2868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102868.

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Endometriosis, which is the presence of endometrial stroma and glands outside the uterus, is one of the most frequently diagnosed gynecologic diseases in reproductive women. Patients with endometriosis suffer from various pain symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain. The pathophysiology for chronic pain in patients with endometriosis has not been fully understood. Altered inflammatory responses have been shown to contribute to pain symptoms. Increased secretion of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and nerve growth factors has been suggested to increase pain. Also, alte

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Aguggia, Marco, M. G. Saracco, M. Cavallini, G. Bussone, and P. Cortelli. "Sensitization and pain." Neurological Sciences 34, S1 (2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-013-1382-0.

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Melkani, Indu, Prashant Kumbhar, Pankaj Parasher, et al. "Mechanism and preclinical models of neuropathic pain: An update." Trends in Immunotherapy 9, no. 1 (2025): 23–44. https://doi.org/10.54963/ti.v9i1.974.

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Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition that is a product of nervous system damage or dysfunction. Since the drugs prescribed by the physician provide partial pain relief to the patients. Hence, current updates for its treatment are required. It is a global concern as neuropathic pain happens in many diseased conditions like cancer, trauma, surgery and diabetics, etc. Developed as well as developing countries are both trying to find suitable medicine. Understanding the mechanisms behind it can be crucial for the effective treatment and management of neuropathic pain. Central sensitization

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Ramalingam, Thangamani, Pooja Desai, Dhruvi Ghoghari, Vidhi Jethva, and Rushvi Shah. "Neurophysiology of pain education knowledge, pain disability, patient satisfaction and central sensitization in chronic musculoskeletal pain." IP Journal of Surgery and Allied Sciences 4, no. 4 (2023): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jsas.2022.026.

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Chronic musculoskeletal pains are multifaceted, and Central sensitization is a potential pathophysiological mechanism underlying a group of chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders. Neurophysiology of pain education knowledge and patient satisfaction levels of chronic musculoskeletal pain subjects may contribute to central nervous system sensitization. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of neurophysiology of pain education knowledge and patient satisfaction levels on central sensitization in large population of patient with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The study included 200

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Austin, Publishing Group. "Central Sensitization in Patients Attending Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders." Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - International 8, no. 5 (2021): 1194. https://doi.org/10.26420/physmedrehabilint.2021.1194.

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Abstract <strong>Study Design:</strong> Survey study. <strong>Objective:</strong> To determine what percentage of patients attending physical therapy with musculoskeletal pain present with central sensitization and which patient factors may be predictive of central sensitization. <strong>Background:</strong> Treating pain, especially chronic pain is clinically challenging. It has been suggested that pain be sub-classified as either nociceptive, peripheral neuropathic or central sensitization, to aid clinical decision-making to inform the treatment approach for specific pain cond

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Coderre, Terence J., and Joel Katz. "Peripheral and central hyperexcitability: Differential signs and symptoms in persistent pain." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, no. 3 (1997): 404–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x97251484.

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This target article examines the clinical and experimental evidence for a role of peripheral and central hyperexcitability in persistent pain in four key areas: cutaneous hyperalgesia, referred pain, neuropathic pain, and postoperative pain. Each suggests that persistent pain depends not only on central sensitization, but also on inputs from damaged peripheral tissue. It is instructive to think of central sensitization as comprised of both an initial central sensitization and an ongoing central sensitization driven by inputs from peripheral sources. Each of these factors, initial sensitization

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Lee, Jaesung, Seohyun Chung, Minkyu Hwang, Yeongkag Kwon, Seung Hyun Han, and Sung Joong Lee. "Estrogen Mediates the Sexual Dimorphism of GT1b-Induced Central Pain Sensitization." Cells 12, no. 5 (2023): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12050808.

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We have previously reported that the intrathecal (i.t.) administration of GT1b, a ganglioside, induces spinal cord microglia activation and central pain sensitization as an endogenous agonist of Toll-like receptor 2 on microglia. In this study, we investigated the sexual dimorphism of GT1b-induced central pain sensitization and the underlying mechanisms. GT1b administration induced central pain sensitization only in male but not in female mice. Spinal tissue transcriptomic comparison between male and female mice after GT1b injection suggested the putative involvement of estrogen (E2)-mediated

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Koca, Tuba Tülay, Hasan Göğebakan, and Gözde Çetin. "CENTRAL SENSITIZATION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYTIC STUDY." Central Asian Journal of Medical Hypotheses and Ethics 6, no. 1 (2025): 56–62. https://doi.org/10.47316/cajmhe.2025.6.1.06.

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Abstract Aim: Here, we analyzed the relationship between central sensitization (CS) and neuropathic pain in disease activity in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and Methods: In our study, 116 RA patients diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2010 criteria were included. Central sensitization inventory (CSI) was used for central sensitization. All patients were questioned regarding central sensitization syndromes. Self-Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptom and signs (S-LANNS) and pain-detect questionnaire were used for

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De Meulemeester, Kayleigh, Mira Meeus, Robby De Pauw, Barbara Cagnie, Hannah Keppler, and Dorine Lenoir. "Suffering from chronic tinnitus, chronic neck pain, or both: Does it impact the presence of signs and symptoms of central sensitization?" PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0290116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290116.

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Chronic subjective tinnitus is a prevalent symptom, which has many similarities with chronic pain. Central sensitization is considered as a possible underlying mechanism of both symptoms. Central sensitization has already been investigated in chronic pain populations but not in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus. Therefore, the main objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare signs and symptoms, indicative for central sensitization, in tinnitus patients with and without chronic idiopathic neck pain, patients with chronic idiopathic neck pain only, and healthy controls. Also,

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AKULINUSHKINA, EKATERINA Y., SVETLANA P. YAKUPOVA, EDUARD Z. YAKUPOV, LARISA V. IVANOVA, TATYANA A. BRAGINA, and NIKOLAI I. MAKSIMOV. "CENTRAL SENSITIZATION IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS." Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine 16, no. 5 (2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2023.16(5).16-21.

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Introduction. Chronic pain consists of nociceptive, neuropathic and nociplastic components. Nociplastic pain based on central sensitization. Patients with central sensitization may experience severe pain even with no any signs of clinical and laboratory inflammation, and describe it in descriptors of neuropathic pain. The prevalence and influence of central sensitization in clinical and laboratory activity, the development of mood disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis are not explored well. Aim. To assess the prevalence of central sensitization in patients with psoriatic arthritis, to

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Previtali, Davide, Gianluigi Capone, Paolo Marchettini, Christian Candrian, Stefano Zaffagnini, and Giuseppe Filardo. "High Prevalence of Pain Sensitization in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis with Meta-Regression." CARTILAGE 13, no. 1 (2022): 194760352210876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19476035221087698.

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Objective The aim of this meta-analysis was to study the evidence on pain sensitization in knee osteoarthritis (OA), providing a quantitative synthesis of its prevalence and impact. Factors associated with pain sensitization were also investigated. Methods Meta-analysis; PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register (CENTRAL), and Web of Science were searched on February 2021. Level I to level IV studies evaluating the presence of pain sensitization in patients with symptomatic knee OA, documented through a validated method (questionnaires or quantitative sensory testing), were included. The pri

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Nijs, Jo. "Applying Modern Pain Neuroscience in Clinical Practice: Criteria for the Classification of Central Sensitization Pain." Pain Physician 5;17, no. 5;9 (2014): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2014/17/447.

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Background: The awareness is growing that central sensitization is of prime importance for the assessment and management of chronic pain, but its classification is challenging clinically since no gold standard method of assessment exists. Objectives: Designing the first set of classification criteria for the classification of central sensitization pain. Methods: A body of evidence from original research papers was used by 18 pain experts from 7 different countries to design the first classification criteria for central sensitization pain. Results: It is proposed that the classification of cent

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Ursin, Holger. "Sensitization: A mechanism for somatization and subjective health complaints?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, no. 3 (1997): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x97551491.

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The brain seems to be able to generate and uphold sensitization by itself, based on previous experience, or genetic disposition. This seems to be particularly important for muscle pain. There seem to be positive feedback loops where pain produces more pain, and more sensitization. Musculoskeletal pain is the most common pain state. It amounts to almost 50% of all long term sickness absence. But other subjective complaints are also common, and may depend on sensitization. Sensitization has been introduced as an explanation for subjective complaints from the gastrointestinal tract and the brain,

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Gungor, Zeynep, and Senem Sas. "Evaluation of central sensitization and presence of neuropathic pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with quality of life." Medicine Science | International Medical Journal 13, no. 3 (2024): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/medscience.2024.07.072.

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Central sensitization and neuropathic pain may develop in rheumatological diseases. This study aimed to investigate the presence of central sensitization and neuropathic pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We used the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) questionnaire to evaluate neuropathic pain (NP) in patients with RA. The presence of central sensitization in patients was evaluated using the central sensitization inventory (CSI). Demographic and clinical data were obtained from patients and interviews. Beck Depression Scale (BDS) was used to evaluate the m

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Hendriks, Erwin, Lennard Voogt, Dorine Lenoir, Iris Coppieters, and Kelly Ickmans. "Convergent Validity of the Central Sensitization Inventory in Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders; Associations with Quantitative Sensory Testing, Pain Intensity, Fatigue, and Psychosocial Factors." Pain Medicine 21, no. 12 (2020): 3401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa276.

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Abstract Objective Central sensitization is present in different pain conditions, including chronic whiplash-associated disorders. In the absence of a gold standard method of assessment to determine the presence of central sensitization, quantitative sensory testing is currently understood as an optimal proxy. Laboratory sensory testing is, however, not feasible in clinical practice, and the Central Sensitization Inventory was developed as an alternative. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the convergent validity of the Central Sensitization Inventory in chronic whiplash-associated p

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Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César, Carlos Guijarro, Juan Torres-Macho, et al. "Serological Biomarkers at Hospital Admission and Hospitalization Treatments Are Not Related to Sensitization-Associated Symptoms in Patients with Post-COVID Pain." Pathogens 12, no. 10 (2023): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12101235.

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Current evidence suggests that a group of patients who had survived coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) and developed post-COVID pain can exhibit altered nociceptive processing. The role of serological biomarkers and hospitalization treatments in post-COVID pain is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of serological biomarkers and treatments received during hospitalization with sensitization-associated symptoms in COVID-19 survivors with post-COVID pain. One hundred and eighty-three (n = 183) patients who had been hospitalized due to COVID-19 in one urban hospital of Madri

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Rubal, Cristina, Augusto Pereira, Laura Calles Sastre, et al. "Managing Vulvodynia with Central Sensitization: Challenges and Strategies." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 11 (2023): 3851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12113851.

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Background: Vulvodynia is defined as a chronic idiopathic vulvar pain condition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of central sensitization on the prognosis of neuromodulator treatment for vulvodynia. Method: A total of 105 patients with vulvodynia who underwent pelvic mapping pain exploration were included and scored according to the Convergence PP Criteria for pelvic pain and central sensitization. The patients were treated according to chronic pelvic pain guidelines, and their response to treatment was evaluated. Results: A total of 35 out 105 patients (33%) with vulvodynia had cen

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Wakaizumi, Kenta. "Brain imaging study for central sensitization." PAIN RESEARCH 36, no. 3 (2021): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.36.180.

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Dirks, Jesper, Karin L. Petersen, Michael C. Rowbotham, and Jørgen B. Dahl. "Gabapentin Suppresses Cutaneous Hyperalgesia following Heat-Capsaicin Sensitization." Anesthesiology 97, no. 1 (2002): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200207000-00015.

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Background The anticonvulsant gabapentin, proven effective for neuropathic pain in two large, placebo-controlled clinical trials, is widely used for treatment of chronic pain. Preclinical studies have demonstrated analgesic and antiallodynic effects in models involving neuronal sensitization and nerve injury, without affecting acute pain transmission. The aim of the present study was to link data from animal models and clinical trials for chronic pain by investigating the effect of gabapentin on acute nociception and experimentally induced cutaneous hyperalgesia in healthy volunteers. Methods

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Cordaro, Marika, Rosalba Siracusa, Ramona D’Amico, et al. "Role of Etanercept and Infliximab on Nociceptive Changes Induced by the Experimental Model of Fibromyalgia." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11 (2022): 6139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116139.

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Background: Fibromyalgia is a clinical condition that affects 1% to 5% of the population. No proper therapy has been currently found. It has been described that inflammation plays a central role in the nerve sensitizations that characterize the pathology. Methods: This paper aimed to evaluate the efficacy of etanercept and infliximab in the management of pain sensitization. Fibromyalgia was induced by three injections once a day of reserpine at the dose of 1 mg/kg. Etanercept (3 mg/kg) and infliximab (10 mg/kg) were administered the day after the last reserpine injection and then 5 days after

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van den Broeke, Emanuel N. "Central sensitization and pain hypersensitivity: Some critical considerations." F1000Research 7 (August 21, 2018): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15956.1.

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Since its discovery, central sensitization has gained enormous popularity. It is widely used to explain pain hypersensitivity in a wide range of clinical pain conditions. However, at present there is no general consensus on the definition of central sensitization. Moreover, the use of the term central sensitization in the clinical domain has been criticized. The aim of this paper is to foster the discussion on the definition of central sensitization and its use.

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van den Broeke, Emanuel N. "Central sensitization and pain hypersensitivity: Some critical considerations." F1000Research 7 (August 31, 2018): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15956.2.

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Since its discovery, central sensitization has gained enormous popularity. It is widely used to explain pain hypersensitivity in a wide range of clinical pain conditions. However, at present there is no general consensus on the definition of central sensitization. Moreover, the use of the term central sensitization in the clinical domain has been criticized. The aim of this paper is to foster the discussion on the definition of central sensitization and its use.

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Nijs, Jo. "Low Back Pain: Guidelines for the Clinical Classification of Predominant Neuropathic, Nociceptive, or Central Sensitization Pain." May 2015 3;18, no. 3;5 (2015): E333—E346. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2015/18/e333.

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Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a heterogeneous disorder including patients with dominant nociceptive (e.g., myofascial low back pain), neuropathic (e.g., lumbar radiculopathy), and central sensitization pain. In order to select an effective and preferably also efficient treatment in daily clinical practice, LBP patients should be classified clinically as either predominantly nociceptive, neuropathic, or central sensitization pain. Objective: To explain how clinicians can differentiate between nociceptive, neuropathic, and central sensitization pain in patients with LBP. Study Design: Narra

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Groef, An De. "Unraveling Self-Reported Signs of Central Sensitization in Breast Cancer Survivors with Upper Limb Pain: Prevalence Rate and Contributing Factors." January 2018 1, no. 21;1 (2018): E247—E256. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2018.3.e247.

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Background: Hypersensitivity of the central nervous system to environmental and chemical stimuli is a clinical feature of central sensitization mechanisms that can be assessed with the central sensitization inventory (CSI). Objective: The aim was to determine prevalence rate of this feature and explore the treatment-, patient-, pain-, and psychosocial-related variables associated with the degree of self-reported signs of central sensitization, assessed with the CSI (0-100), in breast cancer survivors at long-term. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University Hospitals, Leuven, Belg

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Gold, Michael S., and Gerald F. Gebhart. "Nociceptor sensitization in pain pathogenesis." Nature Medicine 16, no. 11 (2010): 1248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.2235.

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Dickenson, A. H. "6 CENTRAL SENSITIZATION - WIDESPREAD PAIN." European Journal of Pain 10, S1 (2006): S2b—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1090-3801(06)60009-8.

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You, Dokyoung Sophia, and Mary W. Meagher. "Childhood Adversity and Pain Sensitization." Psychosomatic Medicine 78, no. 9 (2016): 1084–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000399.

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Walsh, David A. "Editorial: Synovitis and Pain Sensitization." Arthritis & Rheumatology 68, no. 3 (2016): 561–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.39487.

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Tedeschi, Roberto, Federica Giorgi, Daniela Platano, and Lisa Berti. "Classifying Low Back Pain Through Pain Mechanisms: A Scoping Review for Physiotherapy Practice." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 2 (2025): 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020412.

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Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, often driven by distinct pain mechanisms: nociceptive, neuropathic, and central sensitization. Accurate classification of these mechanisms is critical for guiding effective, targeted treatments. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, PEDro, and Web of Science. Eligible studies included adults with LBP and focused on clinical criteria fo

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Jardim, Marina Leonardi, Alex Moreira Mélo, Melissa de Oliveira Melchior, and Laís Valencise Magri. "CATASTROPHIZING, CENTRAL SENSITIZATION AND CHRONIC PAIN-RELATED TMD: HOW IS THIS ASSOCIATION?" Revista Gestão e Conhecimento 16, no. 1 (2022): 565–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/rgcv16n1-033.

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INTRODUCTION: most of the individuals who present catastrophizing and central sensitization also present chronic pain, as temporomandibular disorders (TMD). AIM: to analyze whether there is an association between the variables of pain intensity, central sensitization, and catastrophizing in women with chronic pain-related TMD. METHODS: an observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, comprising a sample of 50 women diagnosed with chronic pain-related TMD according to the DC/TMD – Brazilian Portuguese version. The following questionnaires/protocols were applied: Pain Catastroph

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Pervaiz, Rameesha, Somia Faisal, Nabeela Safdar, Fiza Saleem, and Hafiz Muhammad Asim. "Severity of central sensitization in patients with chronic low back pain." Foundation University Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences 3, no. 2 (2023): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33897/fujrs.v3i2.321.

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Background: Low back pain develops into Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) due to the contribution of various psychosocial factors in approximately 10-20% of all patients. CLBP is classified into three groups namely neuropathic, nociceptive and central sensitization (CS). CS results in pain due to hyper-responsive nociceptive neurons and recruitment of sub-threshold or normal stimuli. Objective: To determine the frequency of central sensitization in patients with chronic low back pain Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 388 patients with CLBP, aged between 18

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Orr, Natasha L., Alice J. Huang, Yang Doris Liu, et al. "Association of Central Sensitization Inventory Scores With Pain Outcomes After Endometriosis Surgery." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 2 (2023): e230780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0780.

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ImportanceA subset of people who undergo surgery for endometriosis have persistent pain, suggesting that other factors besides the endometriosis, such as central sensitization, may play a role in this pain. The Central Sensitization Inventory, a validated self-reported questionnaire of central sensitization symptoms, may identify individuals with endometriosis who have more pain after surgery due to pain sensitization.ObjectiveTo examine whether greater baseline Central Sensitization Inventory scores are associated with postsurgical pain outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospecti

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Kwon, Ohyun. "Pathophysiology of neuropathic pain." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 64, no. 7 (2021): 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2021.64.7.468.

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Background: Neuropathic pain is notoriously difficult to manage properly, not only because of its varied nature and the absence of objective diagnostic tools but also because of extensive reciprocal neuronal interactive pathogenic mechanism from the molecular level to patient’s own psychophysical characteristics. This paper briefly reviews the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain to the level of clinicians’ interest and its potential in clinical practiceCurrent Concepts: Recent research progress now allows us to obtain a bird view of neuropathic pain pathophysiology: peripheral and central sens

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Goudman, Lisa, Ann De Smedt, Stijn Roggeman, et al. "Association between Experimental Pain Measurements and the Central Sensitization Inventory in Patients at Least 3 Months after COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 2 (2023): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020661.

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Fatigue, pain, headache, brain fog, anosmia, ageusia, mood symptoms, and sleep disorders are symptoms commonly experienced by people with post-COVID-19 condition. These symptoms could be considered as manifestations of central sensitization. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there are indicators of central sensitization by using experimental pain measurements and to determine their association with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). A cross-sectional study including 42 patients after COVID-19 infection was conducted. The central sensitization inventory (CSI) was administered

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Ketenci, Ayşegül, Mert Zure, Fatma Merih Akpınar, et al. "Pain types and risk factors in post-COVID-19." Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 70, no. 1 (2024): 30–38. https://doi.org/10.5606/tftrd.2024.13828.

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Objectives: This study aims to accurately evaluate pain lasting longer than three months and falls under the category of chronic pain and to determine the risk factors to follow up and treat properly and to develop appropriate diagnostic and treatment algorithms. Patients and methods: Between March 2021 and December 2021, a total of 437 patients (162 males, 275 females; mean age: 44±14.6 years; range, 12 to 82 years) who were referred to the participating centers due to pain complaints and were diagnosed with post-COVID-19 condition according to the criteria defined by the World Health Organiz

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Barcelon, Ellane, Seohyun Chung, Jaesung Lee, and Sung Joong Lee. "Sexual Dimorphism in the Mechanism of Pain Central Sensitization." Cells 12, no. 16 (2023): 2028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12162028.

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It has long been recognized that men and women have different degrees of susceptibility to chronic pain. Greater recognition of the sexual dimorphism in chronic pain has resulted in increasing numbers of both clinical and preclinical studies that have identified factors and mechanisms underlying sex differences in pain sensitization. Here, we review sexually dimorphic pain phenotypes in various research animal models and factors involved in the sex difference in pain phenotypes. We further discuss putative mechanisms for the sexual dimorphism in pain sensitization, which involves sex hormones,

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Liew, Bernard X. W., Juan Antonio Valera-Calero, Umut Varol, et al. "Distress and Sensitization as Main Mediators of Severity in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Structural Equation Model." Biomedicines 10, no. 5 (2022): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051188.

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We aimed to explore a path model identified using a structural equation model (SEM) which best explains the multivariate contributions of sensitization, sensitivity, and emotional variables to clinical severity in women with FMS. Pain features, the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), painDETECT, S-LANSS, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ), the 11-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were collected fr

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Balasch-Bernat, Mercè, Lirios Dueñas, Marta Aguilar-Rodríguez, et al. "The Spatial Extent of Pain Is Associated with Pain Intensity, Catastrophizing and Some Measures of Central Sensitization in People with Frozen Shoulder." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 1 (2021): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010154.

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the spatial extent of pain and its association with clinical symptoms, psychological features, and pain sensitization in people with frozen shoulder (FS). Forty-eight individuals with FS completed pain drawings (PDs) and reported their clinical symptoms including pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale) and shoulder disability (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index). Moreover, pain sensitization measurements (pressure pain thresholds, temporal summation, conditioned pain modulation, and Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI)) were assessed. Psycho

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Skorupska, Elżbieta. "CENTRAL SENSITIZATION OF PAIN IN PHYSIOTHERAPY." Issues of Rehabilitation, Orthopaedics, Neurophysiology and Sport Promotion – IRONS 32, no. 32 (2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19271/irons-000120-2020-32.

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Nowadays, there are three main pain descriptors: nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, and nociplastic pain. The last one is the newest expression defining pain as ‘Pain that arises from altered nociception, despite no clear evidence of actual or threatened tissue damage causing the activation of peripheral nociceptors or evidence for disease or lesion of the somatosensory system causing the pain’ (International Association for the Study of Pain). The implementation of modern pain neuroscience in practice is said to be the most important for musculoskeletal physical therapists around the world.

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Hirata, Koichi, Daisuke Danno, Shoji Kikui, Keisuke Suzuki, and Takao Takeshima. "Central sensitization and chronic pain: study for migraine." PAIN RESEARCH 35, no. 2 (2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11154/pain.35.73.

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Lorenzo-Gallego, Laura, Beatriz Arranz-Martín, Helena Romay-Barrero, Virginia Prieto-Gómez, Enrique Lluch, and María Torres-Lacomba. "Changes in Pain Sensitivity in Treatment for Breast Cancer: A 12-Month Follow-Up Case Series." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (2022): 4055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074055.

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This study aimed to investigate changes in the pain sensory profile of women with breast cancer. Five women with unilateral breast cancer were enrolled. Participants were assessed with direct (quantitative sensory testing, QST) and indirect measures of pain sensitization (self-reported central sensitization inventory, CSI) at baseline (before surgery), 1 week after surgery, and at 1, 6, 9, and 12 months post-surgery. In the event of pain occurrence, the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs was also used. Nociceptive pain was the predominant pain mechanism in the postoperative per

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Chen, Yixiao, and Tian Li. "Unveiling the Mechanisms of Pain in Endometriosis: Comprehensive Analysis of Inflammatory Sensitization and Therapeutic Potential." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 4 (2025): 1770. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041770.

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Endometriosis is a complicated, estrogen-dependent gynecological condition with a high morbidity rate. Pain, as the most common clinical symptom of endometriosis, severely affects women’s physical and mental health and exacerbates socioeconomic burden. However, the specific mechanisms behind the occurrence of endometriosis-related pain remain unclear. It is currently believed that the occurrence of endometriosis pain is related to various factors, such as immune abnormalities, endocrine disorders, the brain–gut axis, angiogenesis, and mechanical stimulation. These factors induce systemic chron

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Rachin, A. P., A. V. Amelin, M. N. Sharov, R. R. Parsamyan, S. A. Rachin, and Y. S. Prokofieva. "The Role of Central Sensitization and Disinhibition in the Maintenance of Chronic Back Pain: Focus on Myorelaxants. A Review." Comorbidity neurology 2, no. 1 (2025): 74–82. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2025-2-1-74-82.

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Chronic back pain (CBP) is a significant medical and social problem due to the complex interaction of peripheral and central mechanisms. This article is devoted to the analysis of the role of central sensitization and disinhibition in the pathogenesis of CPS, as well as to the rationale for the use of myorelaxants in the complex therapy of this condition. Central sensitization, characterized by increased excitability of neurons of the central nervous system, plays a key role in chronicity of pain syndrome. It results from prolonged nociceptive impulses, leading to changes in synaptic transmiss

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Jung, Sung-Soo. "A new perspective on chronic pain: molecular biological mechanisms and neuroimmune interactions." Korean Institute for Functional Medicine 8, no. 1 (2025): 6–19. https://doi.org/10.32581/jkifm.2025.8.1.6.

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Chronic pain is not merely a symptom but a complex pathophysiological condition closely associated with nociceptor activation and sensitization, central nervous system reorganization, neuroimmune interactions, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The limited efficacy of traditional treatments such as medications, surgeries, nerve blocks, and neuroplasticity in many patients can be attributed to their failure to adequately address these molecular, neurological, and immunological pathological mechanisms. This review article thoroughly analyzes the molecular mechanisms underlying the persistence and exa

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Pedersini, Paolo, Massimiliano Gobbo, Mark D. Bishop, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, and Jorge H. Villafañe. "Functional and Structural Neuroplastic Changes Related to Sensitization Proxies in Patients with Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review." Pain Medicine 23, no. 3 (2021): 488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnab301.

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Abstract Objective Several reports in literature have identified sensitization as a possible basis for the enhanced pain reactions associated with osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this current systematic review is to summarize functional and structural brain changes associated with surrogate sensitization parameters assessed in patients with OA-related pain. Design Systematic review. Subjects Patients with OA related pain. Methods A literature search was conducted systematically in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE databases for human studies up to December 2019. Articles were included if they assessed b

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Toyama, Midori, Chiho Kudo, Chikako Mukai, et al. "Trigeminal nervous system sensitization by infraorbital nerve injury enhances responses in a migraine model." Cephalalgia 37, no. 14 (2016): 1317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102416678387.

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Background Although the peripheral and central sensitizations of trigeminal nervous system may be one of the important factors of migraine, the precise mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we examined the influence of the sensitization of the second division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital nerve (ION) on migraine headache, using the capsaicin-induced migraine model. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups: (a) sham surgery and topical-dural vehicle application (Sham + Vehicle) group, (b) CCI-ION and topica

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Matre, Dagfinn, and Stein Knardahl. "‘Central sensitization’ in chronic neck/shoulder pain." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 3, no. 4 (2012): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2012.04.003.

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AbstractBackground and purpose‘Central sensitization’ (CS) may play a major role in maintaining several chronic pain conditions. CS has been proposed to play a significant role in a range of musculoskeletal pain conditions, such as trapezius myalgia, fibromyalgia, temporomandibular disorders, and low back pain. Whether CS varies over time within an individual is not known. This study evaluated (1) whether there is an intraindividual association between clinical pain and signs of CS, and (2) whether there is an inter-individual association between clinical pain and signs of CS.MethodsTwenty-sev

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Kraev, Krasimir, Mariela Geneva-Popova, Bozhidar Hristov, et al. "Exploring the Novel Dimension of Immune Interactions in Pain: JAK Inhibitors’ Pleiotropic Potential." Life 13, no. 10 (2023): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13101994.

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This review explores the link between immune interactions and chronic pain, offering new perspectives on treatment. It focuses on Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors’ potential in pain management. Immune cells’ communication with neurons shapes neuroinflammatory responses, and JAK inhibitors’ effects on pain pathways are discussed, including cytokine suppression and microglial modulation. This review integrates studies from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pain and central sensitization to highlight connections between immune interactions and pain. Studies on RA joint pain reveal the shift from cytokines t

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Jarrell, John, Magali Robert, Maria Adele Giamberardino, Selphee Tang, and Kirk Stephenson. "Pain, psychosocial tests, pain sensitization and laparoscopic pelvic surgery." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 18, no. 1 (2018): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2017-0127.

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Abstract Background and aims: Individuals with non-acute pain are challenged with variable pain responses following surgery as well as psychological challenges, particularly depression and catastrophizing. The purpose of this study was to compare pre- and postoperative psychosocial tests and the associated presence of sensitization on a cohort of women undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery for non-acute pain defined as pain sufficient for surgical investigation without persistent of chronic pain. Methods: The study was a secondary analysis of a previous report (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014 Oct;

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San-Antolín, Marta, David Rodríguez-Sanz, Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, et al. "Central Sensitization and Catastrophism Symptoms Are Associated with Chronic Myofascial Pain in the Gastrocnemius of Athletes." Pain Medicine 21, no. 8 (2019): 1616–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz296.

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Abstract Objective To compare central sensitization symptoms, presence of central sensitivity syndrome (CSS), catastrophism, rumination, magnification, and helplessness symptoms between athletes with gastrocnemius myofascial pain and healthy athletes. Furthermore, to predict central sensitization symptoms based on sociodemographic and descriptive data, catastrophism features, and presence of gastrocnemius myofascial pain in athletes. Design Case–control study. Setting Outpatient clinic. Subjects Fifty matched paired athletes were recruited and divided into patients with chronic (more than thre

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