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Journal articles on the topic 'Pair 15'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Jeep, John M. "Stabreimende Wortpaare in Deutsche Versnovellistik des 13. bis 15. Jahrhunderts." Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 81, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 16–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340217.

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Abstract The recently published compendium of 175 German verse tales from the 13th–15th century (Deutsche Versnovellistik des 13. bis 15. Jahrhunderts) includes never-before-published material in critical edition, so that a survey of the alliterating word-pairs within this arguably hard to define genre seems desirable. Some 380 pairs are collected and analysed within the context of each tale, with special attention paid to earlier transmission of the pairs or their innovative nature, respectively. Following a methodology that has been employed to cover all of Old and Early Middle High German and much of classical High German, the history of this durable rhetorical device is extended well into the late medieval era. Further surveys will help to fill in remaining gaps in coverage of the history of the alliterating word-pair in German.

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2

Beron-Vera, Francisco J., and J. H. LaCasce. "Statistics of Simulated and Observed Pair Separations in the Gulf of Mexico." Journal of Physical Oceanography 46, no. 7 (July 2016): 2183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-15-0127.1.

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AbstractPair-separation statistics of in situ and synthetic surface drifters deployed near the Deepwater Horizon site in the Gulf of Mexico are investigated. The synthetic trajectories derive from a 1-km-resolution data-assimilative Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) simulation. The in situ drifters were launched in the Grand Lagrangian Deployment (GLAD). Diverse measures of the dispersion are calculated and compared to theoretical predictions. For the NCOM pairs, the measures indicate nonlocal pair dispersion (in which pair separations grow exponentially in time) at the smallest sampled scales. At separations exceeding 100 km, pair motion is uncorrelated, indicating absolute rather than relative dispersion. With the GLAD drifters, however, the statistics are ambiguous, with some indicating local dispersion (in which pair separations exhibit power-law growth) and others suggesting nonlocal dispersion. The difference between the two datasets stems in part from inertial oscillations, which affect the energy levels at small scales without greatly altering pair dispersion. These were significant in GLAD but much weaker in the NCOM simulation. In addition, the GLAD drifters were launched over a limited geographical area, producing few independent realizations and hence lower statistical significance. Restricting the NCOM set to pairs launched at the same locations yields very similar results, suggesting the model is for the most part capturing the observed dispersion.

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3

Magnifico, Giuseppe, Marcello Dalmonte, Paolo Facchi, Saverio Pascazio, Francesco V. Pepe, and Elisa Ercolessi. "Real Time Dynamics and Confinement in the Zn Schwinger-Weyl lattice model for 1+1 QED." Quantum 4 (June 15, 2020): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-06-15-281.

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We study the out-of-equilibrium properties of 1+1 dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED), discretized via the staggered-fermion Schwinger model with an Abelian Zn gauge group. We look at two relevant phenomena: first, we analyze the stability of the Dirac vacuum with respect to particle/antiparticle pair production, both spontaneous and induced by an external electric field; then, we examine the string breaking mechanism. We observe a strong effect of confinement, which acts by suppressing both spontaneous pair production and string breaking into quark/antiquark pairs, indicating that the system dynamics displays a number of out-of-equilibrium features.

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4

Valdivieso-Torres, Leonardo, Anindita Sarangi, Jillian Whidby, Joseph Marcotrigiano, and Monica J. Roth. "Role of Cysteines in Stabilizing the Randomized Receptor Binding Domains within Feline Leukemia Virus Envelope Proteins." Journal of Virology 90, no. 6 (December 30, 2015): 2971–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02544-15.

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ABSTRACTRetargeting of gammaretroviral envelope proteins has shown promising results in the isolation of novel isolates with therapeutic potential. However, the optimal conditions required to obtain high-affinity retargeted envelope proteins with narrow tropism are not understood. This study highlights the advantage of constrained peptides within receptor binding domains and validates the random library screening technique of obtaining novel retargeted Env proteins. Using a modified vector backbone to screen the envelope libraries on 143B osteosarcoma cells, three novel and unique retargeted envelopes were isolated. The use of complex disulfide bonds within variable regions required for receptor binding is found within natural gammaretroviral envelope isolates. Interestingly, two of the isolates, named AII and BV2, have a pair of cysteines located within the randomized region of 11 amino acids similar to that identified within the CP Env, an isolate identified in a previous Env library screen on the human renal carcinoma Caki-1 cell line. The amino acids within the randomized region of AII and BV2 envelopes that are essential for viral infection have been identified in this study and include these cysteine residues. Through mutagenesis studies, the putative disulfide bond pairs including and beyond the randomized region were examined. In parallel, the disulfide bonds of CP Env were identified using mass spectrometry. The results indicate that this pair of cysteines creates the structural context to position key hydrophobic (F and W) and basic (K and H) residues critical for viral titer and suggest that AII, BV2, and CP internal cysteines bond together in distinct ways.IMPORTANCERetargeted gammaretroviral particles have broad applications for therapeutic use. Although great advances have been achieved in identifying new Env-host cell receptor pairs, the rules for designing optimal Env libraries are still unclear. We have found that isolates with an additional pair of cysteines within the randomized region have the highest transduction efficiencies. This emphasizes the importance of considering cysteine pairs in the design of new libraries. Furthermore, our data clearly indicate that these cysteines are essential for viral infectivity by presenting essential residues to the host cell receptor. These studies facilitate the screening of Env libraries for functional entry into target cells, allowing the identification of novel gammaretroviral Envs targeting alternative host cell receptors for gene and protein delivery.

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5

Pockley, Peter. "Pair take top science posts." Physics World 21, no. 11 (November 2008): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/21/11/15.

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6

Raveling, Dennis G. "Mate retention in Giant Canada Geese." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 2766–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-403.

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Of 73 pairs of Giant Canada Geese (Branta canadensis maxima) in which both members of the pair were marked with individually identifiable neckbands, 68 (93%) remained together for as long as both members were alive or retained their markers. Collectively, these data represent 183 years of pair histories (sum of pairs × years of records). One pair that had raised a brood in the summer they were captured and marked separated during the next breeding season; neither re-paired with another bird, and then they rejoined the following autumn and remained together for five consecutive breeding seasons (and winters). Members of four (5.5%) pairs obtained new mates while their former mates were still alive. Of 17 surviving members of pairs in which the mate died (or disappeared) over winter, 15 (88%) re-paired. Data on reproductive success of 4 of these new pairs were not obtained, but 10 of 11 of the other new pairs successfully reared broods.

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7

Mesa, Valeria, Fernanda Duplancic, Sol Alonso, Maria Rosa Muñoz Jofré, Georgina Coldwell, and Diego G. Lambas. "The orientation of galaxy pairs with filamentary structures: dependence on morphology." Astronomy & Astrophysics 619 (October 31, 2018): A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832910.

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Aims. With the aim of performing an analysis of the orientations of galaxy pair systems with respect to the underlying large-scale structure, we study the alignment between the axis connecting the pair galaxies and the host cosmic filament where the pair resides. In addition, we analyze the dependence of the amplitude of the alignment on the morphology of pair members as well as filament properties. Methods. We build a galaxy pair catalog requiring rp < 100 h−1 kpc and ΔV < 500 km s−1 within redshift z < 0.1 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We divided the galaxy pair catalog taking into account the morphological classification by defining three pair categories composed by elliptical–elliptical (E–E), elliptical–spiral (E–S) and spiral–spiral (S–S) galaxies. We use a previously defined catalog of filaments obtained from SDSS and we select pairs located closer than 1 h−1 Mpc to the filament spine, which are considered as members of filaments. For these pairs, we calculate the relative angle between the axis connecting each galaxy, and the direction defined by the spine of the parent filament. Results. We find a statistically significant alignment signal between the pair axes and the spine of the host filaments consistent with a relative excess of ∼15% aligned pairs. We obtain that pairs composed by elliptical galaxies exhibit a stronger alignment, showing a higher alignment signal for pairs closer than 200 h−1 kpc to the filament spine. In addition, we find that the aligned pairs are associated with luminous host filaments populated with a high fraction of elliptical galaxies. The findings of this work show that large-scale structures play a fundamental role in driving galactic anisotropic accretion as induced by galaxy pairs exhibiting a preferred alignment along the filament direction.

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8

Chokchaichamnankit, P., K. Anamthawat-Jónsson, and W. Chulalaksananukul. "Chromosomal Mapping of 18S-25S and 5S Ribosomal Genes on 15 Species of Fagaceae From Northern Thailand." Silvae Genetica 57, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2008): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2008-0002.

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Abstract Fifteen species of Fagaceae from Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand, were investigated: eight Castanopsis, four Lithocarpus and three Quercus species. The species were generally diploid with the chromosome number 2n = 24, and the basic number x =12 was confirmed in some species with meiosis. One tree belonging to Q. lenticellatus had 2n = 14. Chromosomal mapping of the highly repetitive 18S-25S and 5S ribosomal genes by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed. Most species (from all three genera) showed four 18S-25S rDNA sites (two pairs: one subterminal major and one paracentromeric/intercalary minor loci) and two 5S rDNA sites (one pair: paracentromeric locus). Quercus kerrii also had two pairs of 18S-25S rDNA sites, but both were subterminal major loci. Two species, C. argentea and Q. brandisianus, only had one pair of 18S-25S rDNA sites. Two species, C. calathiformis and L. vestitus, showed an odd number of (unpaired) sites, and this indicated hybrid origin and/or polyploidy. Polyploid cells were detected in these species. The ribosomal gene maps based on both sequences together were genus-specific. In Castanopsis, the 18S-25S and the 5S genes were localized on three different chromosome pairs, and comprised species-specific maps. On the other hand, the ribosomal genes in Lithocarpus and Quercus were found only on two chromosome pairs, because one of the two 18S-25S rDNA loci was localized on the same chromosome as the 5S rDNA locus. The FISH markers may be used to clarify discrepancies arising from morphological assessments.

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9

Torgersen, Anne Mari. "Longitudinal Research on Temperament in Twins." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 36, no. 2 (April 1987): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000004372.

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AbstractThe changing influence of genetic factors of temperamental individuality has been studied longitudinally in a group of 44 same-sexed twin pairs at four different ages from infancy to puberty. Previous results showed that genetic factors seemed to play an important role in the development of temperamental characteristics when the twins were in infancy and at six years of age. The present report shows that when the within-pair differences in temperament are studied again at age 15 years, the similarity of identical pairs is even higher than at earlier ages. When shared and nonshared stress in the twin pairs was assessed at this age, some interactions were found between within-pair differences in temperament, stress and zygosity.

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10

Liu, W., F. Yamazaki, M. Matsuoka, T. Nonaka, and T. Sasagawa. "Estimation of three-dimensional crustal movements in the 2011 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake from TerraSAR-X intensity images." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 3 (March 27, 2015): 637–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-637-2015.

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Abstract. The Tohoku-Oki earthquake on 11 March 2011 caused significant widespread crustal movements. In a previous study, we proposed a method for capturing two-dimensional (2-D) surface displacements from a pair of pre- and post-event TerraSAR-X (TSX) intensity images. However, it is impossible to detect three-dimensional (3-D) displacements from one pair of TSX images. In this study, three pairs of pre- and post-event TSX images taken on different paths were used to estimate 3-D crustal movements. The relationship between the actual 3-D displacements and the converted 2-D movements in the synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) images was derived based on the observation model of a SAR sensor. The 3-D movements were then calculated from three sets of detected 2-D movements that occurred within a short time period. Compared with GPS observations, the proposed method was found to be capable of detecting the 3-D crustal movements with sub-pixel accuracy.

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11

Janssen, Ralf, Wim G. M. Damen, and Graham E. Budd. "Expression of pair rule gene orthologs in the blastoderm of a myriapod: evidence for pair rule-like mechanisms?" BMC Developmental Biology 12, no. 1 (2012): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-213x-12-15.

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12

Schäfer, W., I. Babiarz, A. Cisek, and A. Szczurek. "Recent Results on Inclusive Quarkonium Pair Production in Proton-Proton Collisions." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 64, no. 8 (September 18, 2019): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe64.8.750.

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Recently, there has been much interest in the pair production of charmonia. One of the main motivations behind these studies is that the production of quarkonium pairs is expected to receive an important contribution from the double parton scattering (DPS) production mode. A large effective cross-section qeff is found from the empirical analysis of the J/ф-pair production – about a factor 2.5 smaller than the usually accepted qeff = 15 mb. Here, we present the recent results of our calculations of the xc pair production, mainly in the single parton scattering (SPS) mode. An important feature is that the single-gluon exchange mechanism can to some extent mimic the behavior of the DPS production.

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13

Arahira, Shin, Tadashi Kishimoto, and Hitoshi Murai. "15-μm band polarization entangled photon-pair source with variable Bell states." Optics Express 20, no. 9 (April 16, 2012): 9862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.009862.

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14

Holovachov, Oleksandr, and Dieter Sturhan. "Two new species of the genus Aphanonchus Coomans & Raski, 1991 (Nematoda: Aphanolaimidae) and a revised taxonomy of the genus." Nematology 6, no. 3 (2004): 357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568541042360546.

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Abstract Two new species of Aphanonchus are described from Germany and Ivory Coast. Aphanonchus europaeus sp. n., from Germany, is best characterised by 1.1-1.4 mm long body, presence of 50-96 lateral epidermal glands; female without neck setae, with straight vagina without sclerotisations and three to nine prevulval alveoli; male with a pair of neck setae, 15 tubular and 20 alveolar supplements, one pair of precloacal and four pairs of caudal setae, 39 μm long spicules. Aphanonchus africanus sp. n., from Ivory Coast, is characterised by 1.0-1.3 mm long body, presence of 37 to 71 lateral epidermal glands; female with a pair of neck setae, straight to slightly sinuous vagina without sclerotisations, and without alveoli; male with a pair of neck setae, 12-18 tubular and 54-80 alveolar supplements, a pair of precloacal and four pairs of caudal setae, 35.5-43 μm long spicules. Morphological data, based on specimens of A. bayensis from Costa Rica, A. multipapillatus from Colombia and Suriname, A. obesus from Ivory Coast and the type locality in Vietnam, and type specimens of A. longiceras, are presented and supplement the descriptions of these four species. An emended diagnosis and a revised classification of Aphanonchus are proposed and a key to the species of the genus is provided.

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15

in Yang, Yi. "On the commutator and Fredholmness of isometric pair." Operators and Matrices, no. 1 (2021): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/oam-2021-15-20.

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16

Chen, Tzu Hsia, and Hsiu Chen Tang. "Meshing Efficiency Analysis of Straight Spur Gear Pair." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.314.

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Due to shortage of energy, the meshing efficiency of gear train becomes an important factor of power system. This paper focuses on the meshing efficiency of straight spur gear pair. The analysis of gear meshing efficiency involves the involute theorem of gears, friction and lubrication, and other related issues. According to Buckingham’s research, the theoretical meshing efficiency equation of straight spur gear pair is proposed. One straight spur gear pair (15, 79) is proposed to be the example for analyzing meshing efficiencies at each rotation speed. The theoretical meshing efficiencies for the straight spur gear pair (15, 79) are between 98.36% ~ 99.79 %. Its best meshing efficiency occurs at pinion speed 600 rpm.

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17

Draud, Matthew, and Pamela Lynch. "ASYMMETRIC CONTESTS FOR BREEDING SITES BETWEEN MONOGAMOUS PAIRS OF CONVICT CICHLIDS (ARCHOCENTRUS NIGROFASCIATUM, CICHLIDAE): PAIR EXPERIENCE PAYS." Behaviour 139, no. 7 (2002): 861–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853902320387864.

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AbstractResearch on fighting has emphasized contests between individuals, typically males, but pairs also compete. Monogamous pairs of convict cichlids (Archocentrus nigrofasciatum) compete with other pairs for breeding sites in nature. We simulated such contests with competing pairs who differed in one or two of three possible asymmetries: body size, residency, and pair experience. In single-asymmetry experiments, larger pairs defeated smaller pairs, resident pairs defeated intruder pairs, and experienced pairs (those that had been together for 96 hours) defeated novice pairs (those that had been together for 48 hours). Thus, each of the three asymmetries was important in determining the outcome of contests. In further experiments, pairs had two contrasting asymmetries simultaneously. Larger pairs always defeated smaller pairs (15-25% difference in male standard length) even though the larger pair was inferior in one of the other asymmetries. When the two pairs were similar in size (standard length of males differed less than 6%), experienced intruder pairs defeated novice resident pairs nearly half the time. This is the first study to investigate the effects of pair experience on fighting ability. Although we predicted that experience might benefit pairs through improved coordination of their behaviour, behavioral measures such as time spent at the spawning site and pair digging behaviour showed no significant differences among groups. We posit that more experienced pairs fought harder for the breeding site because they were closer to spawning and the expected payoff for winning the breeding site was therefore higher. Finally, when both pairs were of similar size but differed in residence status and experience, there was more escalated fighting than in contests between size-disparate pairs; two possible interpretations of this result are discussed.

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18

Yang, Wei, Shiyong He, Nan Xiao, Yanling Qiao, Hua Sui, Lina Liang, Jing Chen, Weiling Li, and Lin Zhang. "Simultaneous Determination of 15 Flavonoids in Scutellaria barbata–Hedyotis diffusa Herb Pair by HPLC Q-TOF MS." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0469.

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Abstract Background: The Scutellaria barbata – Hedyotis diffusa herb pair has appeared in classical prescriptions and has usually been used for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory conditions. Objective: For quality control of this herb pair, a rapid and reliable HPLC-quadrupole-time-of-flight(Q-TOF)-MS method was used for the simultaneous determination of alpinetin, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, scutellarein, apigenin, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, wogonoside, quercetin, amentoflavone, wogonin, chrysin, luteolin, rutin, naringenin, baicalein, and baicalin in the S. barbata–H. diffusa herb pair. Methods: LC-MS analysis was performed on a Shimadzu HPLC 20ADXR LC system in-line with an AB-SCIEX 5600 Triple TOF mass spectrometer. Results: The calibration curves showed good linearity in a relatively wide concentration range (r >0.996). The LOD and LOQ were less than 20 and 68 ng/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of intraday and inter-day precision were <3.31% for all the analytes. The recoveries of the method were in the range of 94.6–106.0%, with RSD <4.72%. The RSD values of peak areas in the stability study were not more than 4.28% for all analytes within 2 days. These results revealed that the method exhibited good sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and stability. Conclusions: This method could be applied to the quantitative determination of 15 flavonoids in the S. barbata – H. diffusa herb pair. Highlights: (1) The established method of HPLC-Q-TOF-MS is simple, fast, sensitive, and reliable. (2) 15 Flavonoids in the S. barbata–H. diffusa herb pair were simultaneous determined.

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19

Montini, Reid W., Susan P. McGorray, Timothy T. Wheeler, and Calogero Dolce. "Perceptions of Orthognathic Surgery Patient's Change in Profile." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/061705-206r.1.

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Abstract Objectives: To compare pairs of silhouettes generated from presurgical and 5-year postsurgical cephalometric radiographs to evaluate whether orthodontists, oral surgeons, and lay persons perceive changes in profile resulting from orthodontics and mandibular advancement surgical treatment. Materials and Methods: A survey-based method of data collection was used to evaluate 15 pairs of silhouettes. These silhouettes included 1 control pair and 14 surgically treated pairs representing mandibular advancements ranging from 0.11 mm to 10.13 mm. Collected data were analyzed to determine whether changes can be perceived and whether these changes were esthetically pleasing. Results: The control silhouette pair was identified by 104 of 127 evaluators. For the 14 surgical treated silhouette pairs, the vast majority of evaluators (N = 127; 53 orthodontists, 32 oral surgeons, and 42 lay persons) were able to identify changes in profile and individual features. At least one group of evaluators was able to perceive significant (P < .05) improvement in the visual analog scale (VAS) score for all these silhouette pairs, except for the pair with 10.13 mm of mandibular advancement. This silhouette pair, which represented the largest mandibular advancement, was perceived to have a significant (P < .05) worsening in the VAS score by the lay person group. There were significant differences among the groups of evaluators. Esthetic improvement in profile was perceived for 13 of 14 surgically treated silhouette pairs. Conclusion: In some cases, orthodontists, oral surgeons, and lay persons perceived changes in profile differently.

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20

Heitmeyer, Mickey E. "Influences of age, body condition, and structural size on mate selection by dabbling ducks." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 2251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-267.

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Both members of pairs of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), northern pintails (Anas acuta), northern shovelers (Anas clypeata), and American wigeon (Anas americana) were collected early in the pairing periods in fall and during spring migration (several months after most birds were paired) to provide insights into whether (i) assortative mating occurs; (ii) body condition changes synchronously among pair members; and (iii) characteristics of selected individuals ultimately confer advantages in survival and recruitment. Both members in 19 of 21 mallard, 16 of 16 pintail, 14 of 14 shoveler, and 14 of 15 wigeon pairs were adults. The predominance of adults in pairs in fall indicates that adults pair earlier than juveniles and suggests at least some assortative mating in relation to age. Generally, body and nutrient reserve masses of males and females within a pair were correlated for all species in both fall and spring, suggesting that individuals tend to form pairs with others of relatively similar body condition, and also that once paired, the body condition of the two members tends to change at the same time. In contrast to body condition, measures of structural size of pair members were not correlated. Field data suggest that older and heavier ducks have greater survival and reproductive potential than young, lighter ducks; consequently, selection of old and heavy mates is probably evolutionarily advantageous.

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21

Weisz, J. F., and F. Claro. "Pair formation in two-electron correlated chains." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 15, no. 19 (May 7, 2003): 3213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/19/321.

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22

Zhu, Dengming, Weihua Li, and H. R. Ma. "On pair additivity of the depletion force." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 15, no. 49 (November 25, 2003): 8281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/49/007.

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23

Gaffney, Barbara L., Bhaswati Goswami, and Roger A. Jones. "Nitrogen-15-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides. 7. Use of nitrogen-15 NMR to probe hydrogen bonding in an O6MeG.cntdot.C base pair." Journal of the American Chemical Society 115, no. 26 (December 1993): 12607–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00079a059.

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24

Burke, Ann M. "Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis, Nesting in the Yorkton Wetland Complex, Saskatchewan." Canadian Field-Naturalist 117, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v117i2.700.

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Surveys for Sandhill Cranes (Grus canadensis) were conducted near Yorkton, Saskatchewan during the summers of 1995, 1996 and 1997. Seven nesting territories were identified and habitat measurements were taken at six nests. All nests were located in the emergent deep marsh zone of open water marshes within residual stands of Hardstem Bulrush (Scirpus acutus). Seven eggs were measured in four nests. Estimated hatching dates ranged from 20 May to 9 June. Total productivity for the three years was 0.80 chick per breeding pair (12 offspring fledged by 15 pairs). Individual pair productivity was impacted by disturbance, mate change, adult mortality, and predation. Hunting mortality may also impact the population.

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25

Nasu, Saburo, Hirohiko Adachi, and Francisco Eiichi Fujita. "Charge Density Distribution around Fe-Vacancy Pair in Aluminium." Materials Science Forum 15-18 (January 1987): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.15-18.593.

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26

Kingma, Sjouke A., Michelle L. Hall, Gernot Segelbacher, and Anne Peters. "Radical loss of an extreme extra-pair mating system." BMC Ecology 9, no. 1 (2009): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-9-15.

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27

Asselin, Jo Ann E., Jean M. Bonasera, and Steven V. Beer. "PCR Primers for Detection of Pantoea ananatis, Burkholderia spp., and Enterobacter sp. from Onion." Plant Disease 100, no. 4 (April 2016): 836–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-15-0941-re.

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Bacterial decays of onion bulbs cause sporadic and sometimes serious losses to onion (Allium cepa). In New York, three groups of bacteria were identified as problematic: Burkholderia spp., Pantoea ananatis, and Enterobacter spp. To aid in efficient detection and diagnosis of these pathogens, pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction primers were designed and validated, based on a strategy that utilized various genome sequences now available in public databases. Primer pairs were tested against numerous strains of target bacteria, closely related bacteria, and other onion-pathogenic bacteria. Each primer pair yielded a single, apparently highly specific amplicon from aqueous suspensions of the target bacteria. Minimum sensitivities were approximately 103 CFU per 25-μl reaction mixture for all three primer pairs.

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Zhou, Qiang, Wei Zhang, Jie-rong Cheng, Yi-dong Huang, and Jiang-de Peng. "Noise performance comparison of 15 μm correlated photon pair generation in different fibers." Optics Express 18, no. 16 (July 28, 2010): 17114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.017114.

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29

Phimphan, Sumalee, Patcharaporn Chaiyasan, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom, Montri Reungsing, Sippakorn Juntaree, Alongklod Tanomtong, and Weerayuth Supiwong. "Comparative karyotype study of three Cyprinids (Cyprinidae, Cyprininae) in Thailand by classical cytogenetic and FISH techniques." Comparative Cytogenetics 14, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v14i4.54428.

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Three species of ornamental fishes in the subfamily Cyprininae (family Cyprinidae) namely, Epalzeorhynchos frenatum (Fowler, 1934), Puntigrus partipentazona (Fowler, 1934), Scaphognathops bandanensis Boonyaratpalin et Srirungroj, 1971 were studied by classical cytogenetic and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Chromosomes were directly prepared from kidney tissues and stained by using conventional and Ag-NOR banding techniques. Microsatellite d(CA)15 and d(CGG)10 probes were hybridized to the chromosomes of three cyprinids. The results show that the three cyprinid species share the same diploid number as 2n=50 but there are differences in the fundamental number (NF) and karyotypes i.e. E. frenatum: NF = 78, 18m+10sm+10st+12a; P. partipentazona: NF = 80, 6m+24sm+14st+6a; S. bandanensis: NF = 66, 4m+12sm+34a. NOR positive masks were observed at the regions adjacent to the telomere of the short arm of the chromosome pairs 10 (submetacentric) and 1 (metacentric) in E. frenatum and P. partipentazona, respectively whereas those were revealed at telomeric regions of the long arm of the chromosome pair 9 (acrocentric) in S. bandanensis. The mapping of d(CA)15 and d(CGG)10 microsatellites shown that hybridization signals are abundantly distributed in telomeric regions of several pairs except d(CA)15 repeats in S. bandanensis, which are distributed throughout all chromosomes and d(CGG)10 repeats in P. partipentazona display the high accumulation only in the first chromosome pair.

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30

Zhang, Min, Xiaomin Hang, Jing Tan, and Hong Yang. "The Host Genotype and Environment Affect Strain Types of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum Inhabiting the Intestinal Tracts of Twins." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 14 (May 8, 2015): 4774–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00249-15.

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ABSTRACTTo investigate the influences of host genotype and environment onBifidobacterium longumsubsp.longuminhabiting human intestines at the strain level, six pairs of twins, divided into two groups (children and adults), were recruited. Each group consisted of two monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs and one dizygotic (DZ) twin pair. Child twins had been living together from birth, while adult twins had been living separately for 5 to 10 years. A total of 345B. longumsubsp.longumisolates obtained from 60 fecal samples from these twins were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and 35 sequence types (STs) were finally acquired. Comparison of strains within and between the twin pairs showed that no strains with identical STs were observed between unrelated individuals or within adult DZ twin pairs. Eight STs were found to be monophyletic, existing within MZ twins and child DZ twins. The similarity of strain types within child cotwins was significantly higher than that within adult cotwins, which indicated that environment was one of the important determinants inB. longumsubsp.longumstrain types inhabiting human intestines. However, although these differences between MZ and DZ twins were observed, it is still difficult to reach an exact conclusion about the impact of host genotype. This is mainly because of the limited number of subjects tested in the present study and the lack of strain types tracing in the same twin pairs from birth until adulthood.

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31

Cottingham, W. N., and D. A. Greenwood. "The fusion rate of a confined deuteron pair." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 15, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): L157—L161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/15/8/003.

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32

Jian, Zheng. "Thomson scattering off a pair (electron–positron) plasma." Chinese Physics 15, no. 5 (May 2006): 1028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-1963/15/5/027.

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33

Kabir, M. Ashraful. "Breeding biology of domesticated Eurasian Collared Dove (Columbidae) Streptopelia decaocto Frivaldszky 1838 in Saidpur, Bangladesh." International Journal of Environment 3, no. 2 (June 9, 2014): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10571.

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Two pairs of domesticated Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto reared at eighteen months for its breeding performance in intensive system. One pair was homozygous albino al//al x al//al and another pair was one wild type +//al and another albino al//al. Another experimented four pairs of doves were produced from these two pairs. Out of six pairs total 114 squabs were produced during the research period. Total three albino pairs produced 100% albino squab and different coloured male and female produced different colours which were 50% each. Sex ratio of male and female were observed 1:1. Experimental doves were reared in cages measures 23x20x16 and 25x22x18 inches and feed were supplied all day long with wheat, corn, mustard, broken rice and burnt soil. Intake feed were 15 gram per dove in a day. During the time of this observation only hypervitaminosis and worm infestations were observed and the mortality rate was few. Only in one pair (rosy ? x wild type ?) produced 11 male (46%) and 13 female (54%) out of 24 squabs; this was slightly exceptional. In total 114 squabs from six pairs only one rosy male and pied rosy female were found. Breeding record of this research suggests that the colour patterns are first wild type then rosy and finally albino gradually.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10571 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 48-54

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34

Zou, X., Z. Qin, and Y. Zheng. "Improved Tropical Storm Forecasts with GOES-13/15 Imager Radiance Assimilation and Asymmetric Vortex Initialization in HWRF." Monthly Weather Review 143, no. 7 (July 1, 2015): 2485–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-14-00223.1.

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Abstract The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) imagers provide high temporal- and spatial-resolution data for many applications, such as monitoring severe weather events. In this study, radiance observations of four infrared channels from GOES-13 and GOES-15 imagers are directly assimilated using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) gridpoint statistical interpolation (GSI) analysis system to produce the initial conditions for the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRF). Impacts of GOES imager data assimilation on track and intensity forecasts are demonstrated for a landfalling tropical storm that moved across the Gulf of Mexico—Debby (2012). With a higher model top and a warm start, an asymmetric component is also added to the original HWRF symmetric vortex initialization. Two pairs of data assimilation and forecasting experiments are carried out for assessing the impacts of the GOES imager data assimilation on tropical storm forecasts. The first pair employs a symmetric vortex initialization and the second pair includes an asymmetric vortex initialization. Numerical forecast results from these experiments are compared against each other. It is shown that a direct assimilation of GOES-13 and GOES-15 imager radiance observations, which are available at all analysis times, in HWRF results in a consistently positive impact on the track and intensity forecasts of Tropical Storm Debby in the Gulf of Mexico. The largest positive impact on the track and intensity forecasts comes from a combined effect of GOES imager radiance assimilation and an asymmetric vortex initialization.

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35

McKee, A. Tristan, Dou Yang, Zachary Ormsby, and Francis X. Villablanca. "Interspecific Pair-Bonding and Hybridization In Warbling (Vireo gilvus) and Red-Eyed (Vireo olivaceus) Vireos." Wilson Journal of Ornithology 128, no. 4 (December 2016): 738–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1676/15-082.1.

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36

Nualart, David, and Ciprian A. Tudor. "The determinant of the iterated Malliavin matrix and the density of a pair of multiple integrals." Annals of Probability 45, no. 1 (January 2017): 518–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-aop1015.

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37

Angthong, Chayanin. "Safe Level for the Syndesmotic Stabilization: A Simulated MRI Study." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00106.

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Category: Trauma; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Great saphenous vein and saphenous nerve were reported as the high risk of injury from the syndesmotic stabilization. However, little is known about the safe level and area of the syndesmotic stabilization regarding the risks on the great saphenous neurovascular structures. This study was to demonstrate the safe level of syndesmotic stabilization via a simulated MRI study. Methods: A total of 10 living volunteers with intact conditions of syndesmosis on their ankle MRI was recruited in this study. Each volunteer’s ankle MRI was divided into 3 groups as 15-mm, 20-mm, and 25-mm level above the ankle joint line. The simulated reduction and fixation (stabilization) line was created through the tibiofubular syndesmosis at each level in accordance with the direction guidance by Phisitkul et al. The distance between great saphenous neurovascular structures and simulated line was measured in each level of simulated stabilization for each subject. The statistical analyses using IBM SPSS version 22 were performed to demonstrate the differences among the three groups (pair 1: 15-mm vs 20 mm groups; pair 2: 20-mm vs 25-mm; pair 3: 15-mm vs 25-mm level above the ankle joint line). Results: The mean distances between great saphenous neurovascular structures and simulated line of syndesmotic stabilization were shown in an attached picture. The syndesmotic stabilization at the 15-mm level above the joint line demonstrated the closest distance to the mentioned neurovascular structures. For the comparison among the three groups, pairs 2 and 3 showed the statistically significant differences at p-values as 0.004 and 0.001 respectively. A pair 1 did not show the significant difference at p- value as 0.260. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, all levels of syndesmotic stabilization above the ankle joint line are safe for the great saphenous neurovascular structures. However, a 25-mm level above the joint line was the safest level for the syndesmotic stabilization when compared to other lower levels. Mini-open incision is recommended during the syndesmotic reduction and fixation on the tibial side to prevent the iatrogenic injury to the great saphenous neurovascular structures especially on the 1.5- mm and 2-mm level above the ankle joint line. [Table: see text][Table: see text]

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38

Gavlick, Walter K., and David F. Tomkins. "An Updated Liquid Chromatographic Assay for the Determination of Glyphosate in Technical Material and Formulations." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 91, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/91.1.1.

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Abstract An updated liquid chromatographic (LC) method for the determination of glyphosate in technical material and formulations was tested by 7 laboratories. Samples were dissolved in water and injected into an LC system with a C18 guard column, an anion exchange analytical column, and a phosphate buffer mobile phase with 12 to 15 methanol. Detection was by UV absorption at 195 nm or refractive index. Automated injections were made. Calculations were based on peak area comparisons with external standards. The interlaboratory study analyzed 6 matched pairs of 3 glyphosate technical materials and 3 glyphosate formulations. The matched pair results were analyzed by using the AOAC spreadsheet and Youden's matched pair calculations. Coefficients of variation for the 6 samples ranged from 0.46 to 0.85.

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39

Wang, D. P., S. Y. Tang, and R. H. Neynaber. "Ion pair production in collisions of Na and Cl." Journal of Physics B: Atomic and Molecular Physics 18, no. 15 (August 14, 1985): L513—L518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3700/18/15/007.

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40

Moreno, Juana, and D. C. Marinescu. "Pair distribution function in a two-dimensional electron gas." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 15, no. 37 (September 8, 2003): 6321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/37/002.

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41

Lambert, Neill, Simone De Liberato, Clive Emary, and Franco Nori. "Radical-pair model of magnetoreception with spin–orbit coupling." New Journal of Physics 15, no. 8 (August 9, 2013): 083024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/8/083024.

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42

Mootz, M., M. Kira, and S. W. Koch. "Pair-excitation energetics of highly correlated many-body states." New Journal of Physics 15, no. 9 (September 26, 2013): 093040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/9/093040.

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43

Zhao, Y. G., Tom Wu, S. B. Ogale, Eric Li, R. P. Sharma, T. Venkatesan, J. J. Li, W. L. Cao, and C. H. Lee. "Optical Cooper pair breaking spectroscopy of YBa2Cu2.8Zn0.2O7−δthin films." Superconductor Science and Technology 15, no. 3 (February 14, 2002): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/15/3/336.

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44

Artz, Annette, Stefan Butz, and Dietmar Vestweber. "GDF-15 inhibits integrin activation and mouse neutrophil recruitment through the ALK-5/TGF-βRII heterodimer." Blood 128, no. 4 (July 28, 2016): 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-01-696617.

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Key Points A classical TGF-β receptor pair counteracts extravasation of myeloid cells by rapidly interfering with integrin activation. GDF-15 and TGF-β1 inhibit leukocyte integrin activation by targeting the Rap-1 GTPase exchange factor CalDAG-GEF1.

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45

Wheeler, Ralph A., and P. N. V. Pavan Kumar. "Stereochemically active or inactive lone pair electrons in some six-coordinate, group 15 halides." Journal of the American Chemical Society 114, no. 12 (June 1992): 4776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00038a049.

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46

Seniczak, Stanisław, Anna Seniczak, and Sławomir Kaczmarek. "Morphological ontogeny of Peloribates longipilosus (Acari, Oribatida, Haplozetidae)." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 3 (March 7, 2018): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.3.10.

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The morphological ontogeny of Peloribates longipilosus Csiszár, 1962, in Csiszár & Jeleva, 1962 is described and illustrated. The juveniles of this species have most prodorsal and gastronotal setae long and some gastronotal setae with excentrosclerites. The larva has 12 pairs of gastronotal setae, including h3, whereas the nymphs have 15 pairs. The larva has excentrosclerites at one pair of setae (c2), whereas nymphs have them at 11 pairs (c1,c2, d- l- and h-series). The notogaster of adult loses seta c3 and 14 pairs of long setae remain, and this setal pattern is the most primitive in Haplozetidae, other species have 10, 11 or 13 pairs of notogastral setae.

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47

Rodrigues, Luís R. R., Regina M. S. Barros, Maria de Fátima L. Assis, Suely A. Marques-Aguiar, Julio C. Pieczarka, and Cleusa Y. Nagamachi. "Chromosome comparison between two species of Phyllostomus (Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae) from Eastern Amazonia, with some phylogenetic insights." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 3 (September 2000): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000300016.

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The karyotypes of Phyllostomus discolor and P. hastatus from Eastern Amazonia were studied by G-, C-, G/C sequential and Ag-NOR techniques. Both species presented 2n = 32, with the autosome complement composed of 30 bi-armed in P. discolor and 28 bi-armed plus 1 acrocentric in P. hastatus. In both species, the X chromosome is medium submetacentric while the Y is minute acrocentric. The present study found only one difference between the karyotypes of P. discolor and P. hastatus: the smallest autosome (pair 15) is bi-armed in discolor and acrocentric in hastatus, a result best explained by pericentric inversion. The C-banding revealed constitutive heterochromatin only at the centromeric regions of all chromosomes, with the NOR site located at the distal region of short arm of pair 15, in both species. The taxon P. discolor is considered primitive for genus Phyllostomus and the bi-armed form of pair 15 is the assumed primitive condition which, rearranged by a pericentric inversion originated the acrocentric from found in P. hastatus.

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48

BOCHKOV, ANDRE V., DANIEL A. MELNIKOV, and ROMAN A. MELNIKOV. "Pterygosoma (Pterygosoma) pseudotrapelus sp. nov. (Acariformes: Pterygosomatidae)—ectoparasite of Pseudotrapelus sinaitus (Squamata: Agamidae) from Jordan." Zootaxa 2232, no. 1 (September 15, 2009): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2232.1.4.

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A new ectoparasitic mite species, Pterygosoma (Pterygosoma) pseudotrapelus sp. nov. (Acariformes: Pterygosomatidae) is described from Pseudotrapelus sinaitus (Squamata: Agamidae) collected from Jordan. According to leg setation, this species belongs to group 4 established by Jack (1964). It differs from the other three species of the group by the following female characters: from P. sinaita Jack by the presence of 15–18 pairs of long peripheral setae (vs. 3–4 pairs of short setae in P. sinaita), and 1 pair of strong and stout genital setae (vs. 3 short spur-like setae); from P. foliosetis Jack by the long peripheral setae with slightly expanded tips (vs. strongly expanded setae in P. foliosetis), barbed filiform anterior-lateral setae (vs. smooth expanded setae), and pseudoanal setae being much longer than wide (vs. as long as wide setae); from P. rhipidostichata Bertrand et al. by the presence of 23–28 pairs of antero-lateral setae (vs. over 50 pairs in P. rhipidostichata), peripheral setae slightly expanded apically (vs. pointed setae), presence of a pair of the stout genital setae (vs. lacking genital setae), and the presence of 4 pairs of pseudoanal setae of uniform shape (vs. 5 pairs of setae of different shape).

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49

Hnátková, Eva, Costas Triantaphyllidis, Catherine Ozouf-Costaz, Lukáš Choleva, Zuzana Majtánová, Joerg Bohlen, and Petr Ráb. "Karyotype and chromosomal characteristics of rDNA of Cobitis strumicae Karaman, 1955 (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from Lake Volvi, Greece." Comparative Cytogenetics 12, no. 4 (November 16, 2018): 483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v12i4.28068.

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The karyotype of Greek cobitid fish Cobitisstrumicae Karaman, 1955, from Lake Volvi, Greece, a representative of one of its two major intraspecific phylogenetic lineages, was analysed by means of sequential Giemsa-staining, C-banding, silver-staining, CMA3 fluorescence banding and also by in situ hybridization (FISH) with rDNA probe. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50, karyotype composed of 10 pairs of metacentric to submetacentric and 15 pairs of subtelocentric to acrocentric chromosomes. The nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) as revealed by Ag- and CMA3 staining and FISH were situated in the telomeric region of the fourth submetacentric chromosome pair. The chromosomes contained very low content of C-positive heterochromatin. No heteromorphic sex chromosomes were detected. This first karyotype report for any species of lineage Bicanestrinia Băcescu, 1962 shows a simple karyotype dominated by acrocentric chromosomes and possessing single NOR-bearing chromosome pair. Cytotaxonomic implications of this finding for the taxonomy of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 are further discussed.

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50

Pietsch, Grace M., William H. Carlson, Royal D. Heins, and James E. Faust. "The Effect of Day and Night Temperature and Irradiance on Development of Catharanthus roseus (L.) `Grape Cooler'." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 5 (September 1995): 877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.5.877.

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The effects of day and night temperatures (15 to 35C) and three irradiance levels [50% of ambient, ambient, and ambient plus 12 mol·m-2·day-1 of supplemental photosynthetic photon flux (PPF)] on development of Catharanthus roseus `Grape Cooler' were determined. Time to flower decreased by 30 days and leaf-pair unfolding rate (LUR) increased linearly as average daily temperature increased from 18 to 35C. Flower size was greatest when plants were grown at 25C. Supplemental light decreased days to flower and increased flower size. Flowering occurred when nine leaf pairs were present on the plant. Using the inverse of the LUR curve, i.e., days per leaf pair, the number of days to flower could be predicted at any time during plant development based on plant leaf number.

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