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1
May, Lyn. Interaction in a paired speaking test: The rater's perspective. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2011.
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2
Colloquium, International Astronomical Union. Paired and interacting galaxies: International Astronomical Union Colloquium no. 124. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1990.
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3
The role and representation of minimal contrast and the phonetics-phonology interaction. München: Lincom Europa, 2009.
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4
Colloquium, International Astronomical Union. Paired and interacting galaxies: Proceedings of a conference held at the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, December 4-7, 1989. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1990.
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5
Kochurov, Boris, Petr Merkulov, and Svetlana Merkulova. Ecodiagnostics of ethno-natural processes in the European region of Russia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22015.
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The book deals with theoretical issues of ecodiagnostics, interaction of ethnic groups and landscapes, analyzes the history of the development of the geo-ecological approach and ethnocultural landscape studies in geographical science. The stages of interaction between human society and the natural environment on the territory of the ethnogenesis of the Mordovian people in the Holocene are described in detail. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the current ecological and economic state of the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. The focus is on the study of bioclimatic characteristics of the territory of the Republic, the geo-ecological state of the air basin and surface waters, as well as their impact on the health of the population.
The publication is intended for geoecologists, geographers, local historians, school teachers, as well as management employees involved in planning environmental and socio-economic activities at the level of the Russian Federation.
6
Petrova, Inga. Digital technologies as a financial control tool. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1234413.
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The textbook reveals the concept and meaning of digital technologies, the legal nature of information interaction in the implementation of control measures based on general theoretical concepts and regulatory legal acts. Special attention is paid to the types of information systems used in the control process in the financial and budgetary sphere. The necessity of creating information systems based on international experience, global indices and rules of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is justified. The article defines the specific characteristics of the state information systems used in the control (monitoring) in the financial and budgetary sphere, and also considers the subsystems that make up the state integrated information system "Electronic Budget" and other information systems in the information space of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes interdepartmental information interaction and digital methods that ensure the protection of information in the course of financial control. For graduate students, postgraduates and teachers of law and non-legal universities, as well as for practitioners.
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Colloquium, International Astronomical Union. Paired and interacting galaxies: Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the International Astronomical Union, the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and held at the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, Alabama, December 4-7, 1989. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1990.
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8
Mamychev, Aleksey, Daria Petrova, Yana Gaivoronskaya, Olga Miroshnichenko, Yulia Karimova, Aleksandr Alekseenko, Valeria Anikeeva, et al. THE WORLD IN THE DIGITAL AGE: POLITICS, LAW, AND ECONOMICS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/01852-1.
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The monograph covers various areas of influence of digitalization on the legal, economic and political system of society. Fundamental, sectoral, and interdisciplinary aspects of the transformation of law in the digital age are considered. Special attention is paid to the interaction of law, politics and the digital economy, which is reflected in the legal policy of modern Russia. The content of the work allows us to show the multidimensional nature of digitalization.
The monograph will be useful for legal scholars, legal practitioners, students and postgraduates studying in the field of "Jurisprudence", as well as all those interested in the digital transformation of society, law and the state.
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Strel'nikov, Viktor, and Aleksandr Mel'chenko. Environmental monitoring. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1019057.
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The proposed textbook reveals the fundamental concepts in the field of environmental monitoring. The main controlled parameters and environmental regulation, problems of environmental protection at the present stage, priority controlled parameters of the natural environment, types of monitoring and ways of its implementation, sampling of samples are considered. The scientific foundations of environmental protection, the interaction of society and nature are studied. Attention is paid to the means and methods of monitoring implementation. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students of the specialty "Ecology and Nature Management" and postgraduate students of biological and environmental specialties, as well as for researchers and practitioners specializing in the field of ecology.
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Sulentic, J. W. Paired and interacting galaxies: International Astronomical Union Colloquium No. 124 : proceedings of a conference sponsored by the International Astronomical Union, the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and held at the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, December 4-7, 1989. Marshall Space Flight Center, Ala: George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1990.
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11
Khabriyeva, Taliya, Igor' Shuvalov, Anatoliy Kapustin, Nelli Bevelikova, Rashad Kurbanov, Olga Shvedkova, Asiya Belyalova, et al. ASEAN is a driving force for regional integration in Asia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23222.
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The book introduces the reader to the changing nature of integration processes in Asia under the influence of globalization. The analysis of factors that promote and hinder interaction between the ASEAN countries and non-regional partners of this Association is carried out.
The study describes the dynamic processes of economic integration within the framework of the Russia - ASEAN dialogue partnership and features of cooperation in various areas of legal regulation. The author reveals the mechanisms that influence the formation of a region-wide free trade zone for the ASEAN member States, and makes recommendations on priority areas of integration trends in Asia.
Particular attention is paid to the specifics of investment regulation in South-East Asia, harmonization of ASEAN legislation in the field of security, taxation, education, prospects for cooperation and legal mechanisms that ensure the implementation of further cooperation programs developed by the ASEAN member States.
For researchers, representatives of public authorities, as well as for anyone interested in the dynamics of integration processes in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Avhadeev, V., L. Bitkova, C. Bogolyubov, I. Bondarchuk, A. Vinokurov, E. Galinovskaya, D. Gorohov, et al. Implementation of the Law on Responsible Treatment of Animals: from the quality of norms to effective law enforcement. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1410760.
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The collection contains articles on the quality of the conceptual apparatus and terminology of Federal Law No. 498-FZ of December 27, 2018 "On Responsible Treatment of Animals and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation", the subject of its legal regulation, the effectiveness of the mechanism for its implementation laid down in the law, state supervision and public control in the field of animal treatment. The problems of organizing the activities of animal shelters without owners, protecting animals from abuse and responsibility for such offenses, directions and ways to improve Federal Law No. 498-FZ and the practice of its application are also highlighted. Attention is paid not only to modern, but also to historical, international and foreign experience of legal regulation of the considered social relations, norms-requirements, restrictions and prohibitions in the field of keeping and using animals, moral and ethical aspects of interaction between people and animals, which emphasizes the complex and interdisciplinary nature of the presented research.
The publication is addressed to lawyers-scientists and practitioners, subjects of the law of legislative initiative, employees of state authorities and local self-government bodies directly involved in the application of the norms of Federal Law No. 498-FZ, employees of various organizations engaged in the maintenance, use and protection of animals, animal rights activists, students and postgraduates of law schools, as well as a wide range of readers interested in this issue.
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Hanajima, Ritsuko, and Yoshikazu Ugawa. Paired-pulse measures. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0011.
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This article reviews the physiology and application of the currently available paired-pulse protocols. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) techniques study the modulation of human motor cortical excitability. Paired-pulse experiments are designed to give insight into the nature of the cortical circuitry activated by TMS. Changes in motor cortical excitability produced by the conditioning pulse are estimated by changes in the size of the conditioned motor-evoked potential (MEP). It is possible to identify specific abnormalities in the balance between inhibitory and facilitatory processes, even if the pathology lies in abnormal afferent signalling to the motor cortex rather than in the motor cortex itself. The conclusion that emerges from the studies on interhemispheric interactions is that it is now possible by means of TMS protocols to chart long-range functional interhemispheric connectivity of remote areas of the human brain.
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Interaction in Paired Oral Proficiency Assessment in Spanish. Lang, Peter, Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der, 2010.
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15
Buetefisch, Cathrin M., and Leonardo G. Cohen. Use-dependent changes in TMS measures. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0018.
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Adult brains maintain the ability to reorganize throughout life. Cortical reorganization or plasticity includes modification of synaptic efficacy as well as neuronal networks that carry behavioural implications. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows for the study of primary motor cortex reorganization in humans. Motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes change in response to practice. This article gives information about the effect of practice on TMS measures such as motor-evoked potential amplitudes, motor maps, paired-pulse measures, and behavioural measures. These changes may be accompanied by down-regulation of activity in nearby body part representations within the same hemisphere and in homonymous regions of the opposite hemisphere, mediated by interhemispheric interactions. There is evidence pointing towards the influence of practice on a distributed network of cortical representations within regions of cerebral hemispheres. This has lead to the formulation of intervention strategies to enhance the training effects by cortical or somatosensory stimulation in health and disease.
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Anderson, Michael, and Corinne Roughley. The Interactions between Fertility and Nuptiality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805830.003.0013.
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Comparisons of plots of nuptiality against fertility at county and local authority levels show marked differences between Scotland and England, with at most dates almost no overlap in the plots, though a decline in marital fertility occurred from the 1870s in both countries. The Princeton fertility indicators are used to put the measurement of fertility in different areas on a common age-standardized basis. Comparisons between pairs of roughly ‘similar’ counties shows the Scottish areas with consistently higher marital fertility and lower nuptiality. Compared with most other parts of north-western Europe, restrained nuptiality was particularly important in holding down overall births in Scotland.
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Reeves, John, and Annette Yoshiko Reed. Enoch from Antiquity to the Middle Ages, Volume I. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198718413.001.0001.
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This book provides scholars with a comprehensive collection of core references extracted from Jewish, Christian, and Muslim literature to a plethora of ancient writings associated with the name of the biblical character Enoch (Gen 5:214). It assembles citations of and references to writings attributed to Enoch in non-canonical Jewish, Christian, and Muslim literary sources (ranging in age from roughly the third century BCE up through the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries CE) into one convenient thematically arranged repository, and it classifies, compares, and briefly analyzes these references and citations to develop a clearer picture of the scope and range of what one might term “the Enochic library,” or the entire corpus of works attributed to Enoch and his subsequent cross-cultural avatars. The book consists of two parts. The present volume, Volume 1, is devoted to textual traditions about the narratological career of the character Enoch. It collects materials about the distinctive epithets frequently paired with his name, outlines his cultural achievements, articulates his societal roles, describes his interactions with the celestial world, assembles the varied traditions about his eventual fate, and surveys the various identities he is assigned outside the purely biblical world of discourse within other discursive networks and intellectual circles. It also assembles a range of testimonies which express how writings associated with Enoch were evaluated by Jewish, Christian, and Muslim writers during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Volume 2, currently in preparation, will concentrate upon textual sources which arguably display a knowledge of the peculiar contents, motifs, and themes of extant Enochic literature, including but not limited to 1 Enoch (the Ethiopic Book of Enoch) and 2 Enoch (the Slavonic Book of Enoch).
18
Sulentic, J. E. Paired and Interacting Galaxies Conference Summary of the International Astronomical Union Colloquium No 124 in Tuluksak, Alabama, Dec. 4-7, 1989. Natl Technical Information, 1991.
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19
Casal Bértoa, Fernando, and Zsolt Enyedi. Party System Closure. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823605.001.0001.
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The Introduction starts with some examples of pairs of old and new democracies, some larger, some smaller, some in the East, some in the South, and illustrates how party system development can differ despite very similar background conditions. We then proceed to identify four main factors that differ within each pair, as possible explanations of the way party politics in general, and partisan interaction in particular, evolved in different countries. After stating the aims of the book and how it builds on previous studies, we summarize its main conceptual, operational, and methodological innovations, putting specific emphasis on the importance of history and a combination of large- and small-N studies. Finally, we explain the logic and structure of the book with a brief summary of the content of each chapter.
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Bijankhan, Mahmood. Phonology. Edited by Anousha Sedighi and Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198736745.013.5.
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This chapter reviews the organization of sounds in the contemporary Persian language and discusses the issues in phoneme inventory, syllable structure, distinctive features, phonological rules, rule interaction, and prosodic structure according to the framework of the derivational phonology. Laryngeal states responsible for contrast in pairs of homorganic stops and fricatives are different in Persian. Phonological status of continuancy is controversial for the uvular obstruent. Glottal stop is distinctive at the beginning of loan-words while not at the beginning of the original Persian words. Phonotactic constraints within the codas of the syllables violate the sonority sequencing principle. Glottals are moraic in the coda position. Feature geometry is posited on the sound distinctions and patterns within phonological processes. Eleven phonological rules are explained to suggest natural classes. Interaction of some rules is derived. Laryngeal conspiracy, syllable structure, and intersegmental processes are analysed according to interaction of ranked violable constraints of optimality theory.
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(Editor), Jeffrey A. McLellan, and Mary Jo V. Pugh (Editor), eds. The Role of Peer Groups in Adolescent Social Identity: Exploring the Importance of Stability & Change: New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development ... Single Issue Child & Adolescent Development). Jossey-Bass, 1999.
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22
Morawetz, Klaus. Systems with Condensates and Pairing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797241.003.0012.
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The Bose–Einstein condensation and appearance of superfluidity and superconductivity are introduced from basic phenomena. A systematic theory based on the asymmetric expansion of chapter 11 is shown to correct the T-matrix from unphysical multiple-scattering events. The resulting generalised Soven scheme provides the Beliaev equations for Boson’s and the Nambu–Gorkov equations for fermions without the usage of anomalous and non-conserving propagators. This systematic theory allows calculating the fluctuations above and below the critical parameters. Gap equations and Bogoliubov–DeGennes equations are derived from this theory. Interacting Bose systems with finite temperatures are discussed with successively better approximations ranging from Bogoliubov and Popov up to corrected T-matrices. For superconductivity, the asymmetric theory leading to the corrected T-matrix allows for establishing the stability of the condensate and decides correctly about the pair-breaking mechanisms in contrast to conventional approaches. The relation between the correlated density from nonlocal kinetic theory and the density of Cooper pairs is shown.
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Horing, Norman J. Morgenstern. Superfluidity and Superconductivity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791942.003.0013.
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Chapter 13 addresses Bose condensation in superfluids (and superconductors), which involves the field operator ψ having a c-number component (<ψ(x,t)>≠0), challenging number conservation. The nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equation is derived for this condensate wave function<ψ>=ψ−ψ˜, facilitating identification of the coherence length and the core region of vortex motion. The noncondensate Green’s function G˜1(1,1′)=−i<(ψ˜(1)ψ˜+(1′))+> and the nonvanishing anomalous correlation function F˜∗(2,1′)=−i<(ψ˜+(2)ψ˜+(1′))+> describe the dynamics and elementary excitations of the non-condensate states and are discussed in conjunction with Landau’s criterion for viscosity. Associated concepts of off-diagonal long-range order and the interpretation of <ψ> as a superfluid order parameter are also introduced. Anderson’s Bose-condensed state, as a phase-coherent wave packet superposition of number states, resolves issues of number conservation. Superconductivity involves bound Cooper pairs of electrons capable of Bose condensation and superfluid behavior. Correspondingly, the two-particle Green’s function has a term involving a product of anomalous bound-Cooper-pair condensate wave functions of the type F(1,2)=−i<(ψ(1)ψ(2))+>≠0, such that G2(1,2;1′,2′)=F(1,2)F+(1′,2′)+G˜2(1,2;1′,2′). Here, G˜2 describes the dynamics/excitations of the non-superfluid-condensate states, while nonvanishing F,F+ represent a phase-coherent wave packet superposition of Cooper-pair number states and off-diagonal long range order. Employing this form of G2 in the G1-equation couples the condensed state with the non-condensate excitations. Taken jointly with the dynamical equation for F(1,2), this leads to the Gorkov equations, encompassing the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) energy gap, critical temperature, and Bogoliubov-de Gennes eigenfunction Bogoliubons. Superconductor thermodynamics and critical magnetic field are discussed. For a weak magnetic field, the Gorkov-equations lead to Ginzburg–Landau theory and a nonlinear Schrödinger-like equation for the pair wave function and the associated supercurrent, along with identification of the Cooper pair density. Furthermore, Chapter 13 addresses the apparent lack of gauge invariance of London theory with an elegant variational analysis involving re-gauging the potentials, yielding a manifestly gauge invariant generalization of the London equation. Consistency with the equation of continuity implies the existence of Anderson’s acoustic normal mode, which is supplanted by the plasmon for Coulomb interaction. Type II superconductors and the penetration (and interaction) of quantized magnetic flux lines are also discussed. Finally, Chapter 13 addresses Josephson tunneling between superconductors.
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Verkhovsky, Alexander. The Russian nationalist movement at low ebb. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474433853.003.0007.
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This chapter examines changes in the Russian nationalist movement from Russia’s annexation of Crimea until the State Duma elections in September 2016. Since 2014, the nationalist movement has been split over which side to support in the war in Ukraine. Then, with the subsequent increase in state repression of ultra-rightists, the movement lapsed into total decline. The chapter traces activities in various sectors of Russian nationalism, discussing the separate trajectories of the pro-Kremlin and oppositional nationalists, as well as the latter group’s further subdivision into groups that support or oppose the ‘Novorossiia programme’. Attention is paid to the complex relationship and interaction between the various groups of nationalists, as well as to their interaction with the powers-that-be and with the liberal opposition.
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Bergeron, Suzanne. Formal, Informal, and Care Economies. Edited by Lisa Disch and Mary Hawkesworth. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.013.10.
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This chapter outlines key feminist contributions to understanding the contested meanings of formal, informal, and care economies. It first examines feminist efforts at making visible the essential yet generally unacknowledged unpaid household labor of women. Second, it examines tensions around viewing care work—in both its unpaid and paid forms—as a distinctive form of labor. Third, it provides an overview of feminist writing on the complex articulations of social reproduction and capitalism. Fourth, it addresses the gendered dynamics of paid work. Finally, the chapter turns to a discussion of the gender aspects of informal, flexibilized work that has become increasingly precarious for both women and men. Throughout the chapter, the focus is on the interactions among the gendered formal, informal, and care economies.
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Thun, Michael, Martha S. Linet, James R. Cerhan, Christopher A. Haiman, and David Schottenfeld, eds. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.001.0001.
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Since its initial publication in 1982, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention has served as the premier reference work for both students and professionals working to understand the causes and prevention of cancer in humans. Now revised for the first time in more than a decade, this fourth edition provides an updated and comprehensive summary of the global patterns of cancer incidence and mortality, current understanding of the major causal determinants, and a rationale for preventive interventions. In this edition, special attention has been paid to molecular epidemiologic approaches that address the wider role of genetic predisposition and gene-environment interactions in cancer etiology and pathogenesis.
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Bacon, Andrew. Vagueness and Modality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712060.003.0015.
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According to a supervaluationist account of propositional vagueness, in which propositions are sets of world-precisification pairs, contingency and borderlineness are modelled by variation along two independent dimensions. This semantics validates a distinctive combined logic of vagueness and modality, which includes principles stating that modal and vagueness-theoretic notions commute with each other in a certain way. This chapter shows that this logic is inconsistent with the vagueness of metaphysical necessity, and then demonstrates that the preferred symmetry semantics does not have this consequence. It also investigates other theses about the interaction of vagueness and modality, including the thesis that the vague supervenes on the precise. The chapter concludes by exploring some generalizations of the supervaluational approach.
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Craig, David. Political Ideas and Languages. Edited by David Brown, Gordon Pentland, and Robert Crowcroft. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198714897.013.17.
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Both politicians and historians have circled nervously around the precise relationship between political ideas and political actions in the past 200 years. This chapter evaluates the different ways in which historians have considered the role of ideas within politics and, in particular, challenges the unhelpful dichotomy of framing politics as either an ‘ideological’ or a ‘pragmatic’ activity. It is concerned, therefore, with the interactions between ideas and action, or theory and practice, and the ways in which political ‘ideas’ may be historicized, reflecting too on the implications of this for framing political action as ‘high’ or ‘low’ (or ‘popular’). Attention is paid to the importance of language in shaping political thought and action.
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Lau, George F. South America—Andes. Edited by Timothy Insoll. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675616.013.019.
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This chapter details major figurine developments in the ancient Andes and discusses new understandings based on figurine form, function, and imagery. Great formal diversity characterizes the long history of their use. The most active traditions occurred along the coast, while data from the highlands and eastern slopes are more limited. Certain regions, especially the north coast, show longevity in the use of figurines, especially in household, funerary, and offering contexts. Figurines were important for their role in embodying identity (e.g. gender, fertility, status) as well as alterity. Production and ritual embued them with divine powers and agency. Figurine use and imagery also show dual structures, often manifested in gendered pairs or object sets. Finally, Andean figurines were important for their interactions with other contexts and things, including other figurine-like items: they inspired their own small worlds of sociality.
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Nelson, Margaret C., and Patricia A. Gilman. Mimbres Archaeology. Edited by Barbara Mills and Severin Fowles. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199978427.013.14.
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The Mimbres cultural tradition once dominated southwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas, and is best known for intricate and beautiful pottery with black designs painted on a white background. The apex of population and tradition—1000–1130 ce—is labeled the Mimbres Classic period. Several major changes distinguish this period from earlier Pithouse periods, including the appearance of the first pueblos in the southern Southwest, increased population, change from enclosed to open ritual spaces, elaboration of black-on-white pottery, and a shift in pan-regional connections from west with the people of the Hohokam region to south into Mesoamerica. This chapter describes these trends and their implications. It then explores three research themes that have contributed to this cultural tradition and to broader understandings of society, ecology, and worldview: human-environment interactions; organizational variation of large pueblos, room layouts, ritual practices, and ceramic production; and the representational and geometric black-on-white pottery.
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Greene, Alison Collis. Radical Christianity and Cooperative Economics in the Postwar South. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039997.003.0008.
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This chapter tells a pair of stories—a grassroots beginning and a white backlash sparked by charges of outside agitation—that suggest an all-too-familiar civil rights narrative. Yet, in 1940s North Carolina, two communities—the black farmers and professionals in Tyrrell County and the multiracial network of leftist Protestants who applauded and supported their work—open up a new kind of civil rights story. Theirs is a story of interaction, interdependence, and partnerships built on a shared belief in the inseparability of economic and racial justice. Historians have long emphasized the turn from a Depression-era emphasis on economic and racial justice as two parts of a greater whole to a Cold War-era focus on civil rights and racial integration.
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Cohen, Stacy A., Margaret M. Haglund, and Larissa J. Mooney. Treatment Options for Older Adults with Substance-Use Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392063.003.0010.
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Due to co-occurring medical disorders, psychosocial differences, functional and cognitive limitations related to aging, and the potential for multiple medication interactions, unique considerations must be made when addressing the diagnosis and treatment of SUDs among the elderly. Better information is needed on all fronts, from initial screening and assessment, to triaging to appropriate levels of care, to behavioral therapies and pharmacological treatment. Guidelines should help direct providers, families, and patients identify appropriate and individualized treatment programs. Encouragingly, outcomes appear to be as good, if not better, in the older population than in younger adults treated for SUDs. As the “baby boomer” population ages, more older adults will need treatment for illicit drug use, alcoholism, and the misuse of prescription medications. Greater education and awareness of this growing problem will increase attention paid by clinicians and policymakers allocating resources to address the treatment of SUDs in the older population.
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Osterhammel, Jürgen. World History. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199225996.003.0006.
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This chapter examines different approaches to global history. Modern world history differs from older universal-historical constructions in that it presupposes an empirical idea of geography and of both the unity and plurality of humanity’s historical experience. After the Second World War, historians paid more attention to the interaction of the nation-state (the local) and the world (the global). The newer global history, while it does not negate the nation-state, strives to understand the reasons for the success of the West, without however reverting to a Eurocentric and essentializing perspective. Aware of the constructedness of history, it nonetheless pays attention to agency in the past, and to the plurality of perspectives and divergent historical paths. It does so by focusing on topics such as the history of migration, the environment, and economic globalization.
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McVittie, Chris, and Andy McKinlay. Collaborative Processes in Neuropsychological Interviews. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198737865.003.0012.
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Acts of remembering are often social events and not entirely internal matters. Yet typically neuropsychological interviews are treated as a means of assessing cognitive abilities and impairments of the individual patient with little attention paid to the context within which the patient produces or fails to produce an act of remembering. Using discourse analysis, we examine data from interviews with patients diagnosed as having two forms of memory impairment, namely dense amnesia and momentary confabulation. Outcomes of memory failure on the tasks set are seen to be joint achievements of interviewers and interviewees. Interviewers are not passive in these encounters but active participants. Their contributions, along with patients’ descriptions and other interactional elements, comprise collaborative processes in neuropsychological interviews.
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Adams, Charles S., and Ifan G. Hughes. Optics f2f. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786788.001.0001.
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This book is primarily intended to be used in optics teaching from undergraduate to graduate level. It is assumed that an elementary course on optics has previously been studied, but all the key concepts of wave optics and light propagation are introduced where needed, and illustrated graphically. A recurring theme is that simple building blocks such as plane and spherical waves can be summed to construct useful solutions. Fourier methods and the angular-spectrum approach are used extensively, especially to provide a unified approach to Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction. Particular attention is paid to analysing topics in contemporary optics—propagation, dispersion, laser beams and waveguides, apodization, tightly focused vector fields, unconventional polarization states, and light–matter interactions. Throughout the text the principles are applied through worked examples and the book is copiously illustrated with more than 240 figures. The 200 end-of-chapter exercises offer further opportunities for testing the reader’s understanding.
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Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Potential Energy Surfaces. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses potential energy surfaces, that is, the electronic energy as a function of the internuclear coordinates as obtained from the electronic Schrödinger equation. It focuses on the general topology of such energy surfaces for unimolecular and bimolecular reactions. To that end, concepts like saddle point, barrier height, minimum-energy path, and early and late barriers are discussed. It concludes with a discussion of approximate analytical solutions to the electronic Schrödinger equation, in particular, the interaction of three hydrogen atoms expressed in terms of Coulomb and exchange integrals, as described by the so-called London equation. From this equation it is concluded that the total electronic energy is not equal to the sum of H–H pair energies. Finally, a semi-empirical extension of the London equation—the LEPS method—allows for a simple but somewhat crude construction of potential energy surfaces.
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Clarke, Katherine. Geographical Morality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820437.003.0005.
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Here, the depth imbued in Herodotus’ landscape is enhanced by the element of human intervention, which lends a moral aspect. Characters in the narrative, particularly the holders of despotic power engaging in monumental projects, are seen to manipulate the natural world in ways that can be viewed positively or negatively. This chapter explores this apparent contradiction in terms of context, contrast, and varied focalizations, which combine to encourage the reader to see similar actions in different lights. Close attention is paid to the ‘voice’ in which judgements are cast, resulting in a subtle interpretative framework. The division between water and land is explored as particularly fertile ground for exploring human interaction with the landscape in Herodotus’ narrative. The crossing of continental divisions introduces the relationship between individual projects and wider imperial aims, and the sequence of transgressive river crossings is explored as precursor to Persia’s campaigns against Greece.
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Ashraf-Emami, Hengameh. Generational Relations. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427234.003.0008.
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Researchers have paid attention to the significance of intergenerational research for several years (see Maxey, 2006; Punch, 2002; Skelton, 2000; Tucker, 2003; Valentine, 2003). Some important scholarly works have focused on intergenerationality and identities, particularly using intersectionality to understand people’s multiple identities (Crenshaw, 1993; Brah and Phoenix, 2004; Dwyer, 1999; Nayak, 2003; McDowell, 2003; Hopkins, 2006). Pain et al. (2001: 141) argue that ‘age is a social construction’and Hopkins et al. (2011) draw attention to the complexity of intergenerationality and its functions in the everyday lives of younger and older generations by examining the experiences of Christian families in Scotland. There are some influential scholarly works on the intergenerational identity of Scottish Muslim men (e.g. Hopkins, 2006), but there is still a dearth of intergenerational research on Scottish Muslim women’s identities. By intergenerational research, I mean the study of the differences and similarities – and the transformation between generations – in the Muslim community. This phenomenon is most evident in the dynamic relationship between mothers and daughters, but the interactions between other family members are also important.
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Threat, Charissa J. The Politics of Intimate Care. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039201.003.0002.
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This chapter traces the early evolution of nursing from the mid-nineteenth century through the early twentieth century, with particular emphasis on how nursing care became both gendered and racialized in civilian society. Focusing on the history of the Army Nurse Corps (ANC), it explores the relationship between the military and civilian populace to illuminate trends in nursing practices, debates about work, and concerns about war taking place in the larger civil society. It also examines how war and military nursing needs shaped the evolution of the modern nursing profession and how nursing became embroiled in the politics of intimate care, along with the implications for gender roles and race relations that permeated social relationships and interactions in civilian society. The chapter points to the Civil War as the transformative moment in the history of nursing in the United States, moving nursing from an unpaid obligation to a paid occupation. Finally, it discusses the impact of the introduction of formal nurse training during the last quarter of the nineteenth century on African American nurses.
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Oleshko, V. F., and E. V. Oleshko. Mass media as a mediator of communicative and cultural memory. Ural University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3074-4.0.
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In the monograph, the process of mediatization is considered in the context of not only the conditions for the development of journalism as a convergent and ubiquitous digitalization of content, but also as a tool for social interaction. Using the example of modern media as a mediator of communicative and cultural memory, the most important indicators of the development of modern Russian society based on civilizational humanistic traditions are identified and systematized. By using the sociological data obtained by the authors of this monograph, as well as studying the practices of identifying representatives of the “analog” and “digital” generations of the mass audience, it is possible to capture significant elements of the process of mediatization. Particular attention is paid to intergenerational communication based on discursive texts and modeling of media activities. The monograph is of interest to philologists, media researchers, specialists in the field of related humanitarian disciplines, and will also be useful to practicing journalists, graduate students, and students of creative specialties.
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Prozorovskii, A., and V. Khoros, eds. West–East–Russia 2020. Yearbook. Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO), 23, Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/978-5-9535-0591-8.
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The yearbook "West-East-Russia" 2020 presents the most significant events, processes and trends of the past year in the relations of the countries of the Center, Periphery and Semi-Periphery, including the positions and interests of Russia in this interaction. The main theme of the panorama of 2020 was the COVID-19 pandemic, the analysis of its damage to the world economy, the study of the experience of countering it in various countries and regions (China, India, Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America). On this background, the problems of the BRICS and the post-Soviet space are considered. Attention is paid to the situation in Syria, Libya and other hot spots. These and other topics are presented in both global and regional dimensions (Middle East, East and Southeast Asia, Latin America, etc.). There are sections on ecology and scientific life, as well as reviews of new books on the subject of the yearbook.
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Morawetz, Klaus. Classical Kinetic Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797241.003.0003.
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The classical non-ideal gas shows that the two original concepts of the pressure based of the motion and the forces have eventually developed into drift and dissipation contributions. Collisions of realistic particles are nonlocal and non-instant. A collision delay characterizes the effective duration of collisions, and three displacements, describe its effective non-locality. Consequently, the scattering integral of kinetic equation is nonlocal and non-instant. The non-instant and nonlocal corrections to the scattering integral directly result in the virial corrections to the equation of state. The interaction of particles via long-range potential tails is approximated by a mean field which acts as an external field. The effect of the mean field on free particles is covered by the momentum drift. The effect of the mean field on the colliding pairs causes the momentum and the energy gains which enter the scattering integral and lead to an internal mechanism of energy conversion. The entropy production is shown and the nonequilibrium hydrodynamic equations are derived. Two concepts of quasiparticle, the spectral and the variational one, are explored with the help of the virial of forces.
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Popenhagen, Ron J. Modernist Disguise. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474470056.001.0001.
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This book chronicles and theorises face and body masking in arts and culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the new millennium. While featuring the modernist era in France, analyses include commentary on performers and visual artists from the margins of the European continent: Ireland and the Baltics; Denmark and the Mediterranean. Representations of silent Pierrots on stage are contrasted with images of fixed-form maskers and masquerades; two-dimensional depictions in paintings and photographs further the study of the form-altered human figure. The relationship of the European avant-garde with indigenous masquerade from Africa and the Americas is discussed and presented in a series of eighteen photographic counterpoints. Modernist explorations of the masked gaze and the nature of looking with the painted face are considered. Meanings suggested by the disguised body in motion and in stasis are investigated via citations of the work of a wide range of masqueraders: Akarova, Bernhardt, Cahun, Höch, Fuller, Mnouchkine, Stein and Wigman, as well as Artaud, Barrault, Cocteau, Copeau, Deburau, Fo, Milhaud and Picasso. Connections between modernist disguising with manifestations of masquerade in daily life, fashion, fine art, media, opera and theatre are proposed while arguing that masking and the carnivalesque are omnipresent in contemporary culture. Modernist Disguise provides greater understanding of the impact of facial masking upon everyday interactions and perceptions experienced, for instance, during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The book proposes an interdisciplinary and international lexicon for critical conversation on masking objects, mask play and masquerade as performance.
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White, Robert E. Soils for Fine Wines. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195141023.001.0001.
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In recent years, viticulture has seen phenomenal growth, particularly in such countries as Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Chile, and South Africa. The surge in production of quality wines in these countries has been built largely on the practice of good enology and investment in high technology in the winery, enabling vintners to produce consistently good, even fine wines. Yet less attention has been paid to the influence of vineyard conditions on wines and their distinctiveness-an influence that is embodied in the French concept of terroir. An essential component of terroir is soil and the interaction between it, local climate, vineyard practices, and grape variety on the quality of grapes and distinctiveness of their flavor. This book considers that component, providing basic information on soil properties and behavior in the context of site selection for new vineyards and on the demands placed on soils for grape growth and production of wines. Soils for Fine Wines will be of interest to professors and upper-level students in enology, viticulture, soils and agronomy as well as wine enthusiasts and professionals in the wine industry.
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Zbikowski, Lawrence M. Foundations of Musical Grammar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190653637.001.0001.
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This volume makes a unique contribution to music theory by building on recent research in cognitive science and theoretical perspectives adopted from cognitive linguistics to present an account of the foundations of musical grammar. Musical grammar is conceived of as a species of construction grammar, in which grammatical elements are form-function pairs. In the case of music, basic constructions are sonic analogs for dynamic processes that are central to human cultures. This volume focuses on three such processes: those related to emotions, to gestures, and to dance. The first chapter introduces the volume and explains how this approach connects with previous work in music theory. The second chapter reviews research on analogy and shows how it provides a basis for analogical reference, which is fundamental to musical grammar. The third chapter describes the connection between music and the emotions facilitated by analogical reference. The fourth chapter explores connections between human gesture and musical utterances, and shows how both rely on the infrastructure for human communication that is also exploited by language. The fifth chapter demonstrates how music provides sonic analogs for the steps of social dances, and how music combined with dance has been used to structure social interactions. The sixth chapter focuses on the combination of language and music that occurs in songs, making clear how the different grammatical resources offered by music and language shape how meaning is constructed in songs. Detailed musical analyses are offered in each chapter, as well as summaries of the basic elements of musical grammar.
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Ravetto-Biagioli, Kriss. Digital Uncanny. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190853990.001.0001.
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We are confronted with a new type of uncanny experience, an uncanny evoked by parallel processing, aggregate data, and cloud-computing. The digital uncanny does not erase the uncanny feeling we experience as déjà vu or when confronted with robots that are too lifelike. Today’s uncanny refers to how nonhuman devices (surveillance technologies, algorithms, feedback, and data flows) anticipate human gestures, emotions, actions, and interactions, intimating we are machines and our behavior is predicable because we are machinic. It adds another dimension to those feelings we get when we question whether our responses are subjective or automated—automated as in reducing one’s subjectivity to patterns of data and using those patterns to present objects or ideas that would then elicit one’s genuinely subjective—yet effectively preset—response. This anticipation of our responses is a feedback loop we have produced by designing software that studies our traces, inputs, and moves. Digital Uncanny explores how digital technologies, particularly software systems working through massive amounts of data, are transforming the meaning of the uncanny that Freud tied to a return of repressed memories, desires, and experiences to their anticipation. Through a close reading of interactive and experimental art works of Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, Bill Viola, Simon Biggs, Sue Hawksley, and Garth Paine, this book is designed to explore how the digital uncanny unsettles and estranges concepts of “self,” “affect,” “feedback,” and “aesthetic experience,” forcing us to reflect on our relationship with computational media and our relationship to others and our experience of the world.
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Launay, Jean-Pierre, and Michel Verdaguer. Electrons in Molecules. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814597.001.0001.
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The book treats in a unified way electronic properties of molecules (magnetic, electrical, photophysical), culminating with the mastering of electrons, i.e. molecular electronics and spintronics and molecular machines. Chapter 1 recalls basic concepts. Chapter 2 describes the magnetic properties due to localized electrons. This includes phenomena such as spin cross-over, exchange interaction from dihydrogen to extended molecular magnetic systems, and magnetic anisotropy with single-molecule magnets. Chapter 3 is devoted to the electrical properties due to moving electrons. One considers first electron transfer in discrete molecular systems, in particular in mixed valence compounds. Then, extended molecular solids, in particular molecular conductors, are described by band theory. Special attention is paid to structural distortions (Peierls instability) and interelectronic repulsions in narrow-band systems. Chapter 4 treats photophysical properties, mainly electron transfer in the excited state and its applications to photodiodes, organic light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and water photolysis. Energy transfer is also treated. Photomagnetism (how a photonic excitation modifies magnetic properties) is introduced. Finally, Chapter 5 combines the previous knowledge for three advanced subjects: first molecular electronics in its hybrid form (molecules connected to electrodes acting as wires, diodes, memory elements, field-effect transistors) or in the quantum computation approach. Then, molecular spintronics, using, besides the charge, the spin of the electron. Finally the theme of molecular machines is presented, with the problem of the directionality control of their motion.
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Williams, Neil E. The Powers Metaphysic. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833574.001.0001.
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Systematic metaphysics is defined by its task of solving metaphysical problems through the repeated application of a single, fundamental ontology. The dominant contemporary metaphysic is that of neo-Humeanism, built on a static ontology typified by its rejection of basic causal and modal features. This book offers and develops a radically distinct metaphysic, one that turns the status quo on its head. Starting with a foundational ontology of inherently causal properties known as ‘powers’, a metaphysic is developed that appeals to powers in explanations of causation, persistence, laws, and modality. Powers are properties that have their causal natures internal to them: they are responsible for the effects in the world. A unique account of powers is developed that understands this internal nature in terms of a blueprint of potential interaction types. After the presentation of the powers ontology, it is put to work in offering solutions to broad metaphysical puzzles, some of which take on different forms in light of the new tools that are available. The defence of the ontology comes from the virtues of metaphysic it can be used to develop. Particular attention is paid to the problems of causation and persistence, simultaneously solving them as it casts them in a new light. The resultant powers metaphysic is offered as a systematic alternative to neo-Humeanism.
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Wingfield, Nancy M. The World of Prostitution in Late Imperial Austria. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801658.001.0001.
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This book encompasses the world of prostitution in late imperial Austria. It addresses female agency and experience, contemporary fears about sexual coercion and the forced movement of girls and women, and police surveillance. Prostitution is analyzed at three different, but interlinked levels: subjectivity, society, and state. Rather than treating prostitutes solely as victims or problems to be solved, in contrast to much of the historical literature, it seeks to find the historical subjects behind fin-de-siècle constructions of prostitutes, to restore agency to the women who participated in various kinds of commercial sex, illuminate their everyday experiences, and place these women, some of whom made the reasoned economic decision to sell their bodies, in a larger social context. It investigates their interactions with the police and other supervisory agents, as well as with other inhabitants of their world, rather than focusing on the state-constructed apparatus of surveillance from the top down. Many Austrian prostitutes came from artisan and working-class, often impoverished backgrounds. They faced a complicated array of constraints that shaped the environment in which they made decisions, including lack of other economic opportunities, of education, of legal equality with men as well as legal dependence on their fathers and husbands. Despite entrenched beliefs about female sexuality and the “fallen” woman, prostitution, clandestine or regulated, was a viable choice for some women of limited economic circumstances when faced with the alternatives: low-paid, often dangerous employment in a factory, in a night café or inn, or as a servant.