Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paix'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Paix.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Damba, Nicole. "Education à la paix." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081774.
Full textChristmann, Olivia. "La consolidation de la paix en Bosnie-Herzégovine : instruments de paix européens et limites." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010273.
Full textBENCHEIKH, LATMANI OMAR. "L'ocean indien : zone de paix." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010315.
Full textJocelyne, Vivien. "Élaboration d’un matériel pédagogique pour l’éducation à la paix basé sur des modèles de paix." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9600.
Full textAkemakou, Njinga Nessan. "L’existence d’une « paix autoritaire » en Afrique ? : une réflexion antithétique à la théorie de la paix démocratique." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10022.
Full textThe theory of democratic peace derived from Kantianism posits that democratic states maintain peaceful relationships amongst them. However, one cannot fail to observe nolens volens that since 1945 there has been no direct military confrontation between two regimes considered as democratic. Notwithstanding the arguments that have been put forward to explain this state of peace—the peaceful nature of democracies, the values of economic and political liberalism, etc.—are questionable, especially when some virtues of peacefulness are attributed to democracies and warmongering vices to autocracies. This study attempts to put to the test the premises of this theoretical liberal model while introducing the hypothesis of an “authoritarian peace”. It transpires that the nature of a regime does not affect the way it handles its external affairs. The authoritarian regimes like their democratic counterparts generally exist peacefully side by side. Yet, this hypothesis is not without its own limitations. While authoritarianism does not represent an aggravating factor of conflictuality internationally, it can have an adverse effect domestically. It is for instance a cause and a catalyst of the dynamics of internal warfare in African states. It weakens the social body and causes the autolysis of its cells, ie. the citizens. Other factors such as the monopolization of political power, neo-property management, lack of effective governance, ethnicity, etc. can explain the high prevalence of civil wars in Africa. The identity factor is not as important as the current literature suggests. In fact, despite the plurality of their causes, these conflicts generally occur due to the lack of equitable sharing of political power and economic resources. There is also the fact that the power-holders often fail to pay proper regard to some ethnic communities. Ethnicity is therefore simply the by-product of these main causes, stoked up by some political entrepreneurs in pursuit of their political ends. These causes of conflictuality should not be divorced from the failure of the post-colonial African state, structurally inadequate and therefore incapable of bringing to a halt the fratricidal spiral of warfare which has transformed Africa into a large sepulchre. In view of this fact, there is a need to find a theory for a model of state and governance that could guarantee a lasting peace; that would be suitable for the African countries; and that would take into account their endogenous realities and their own cultural and sociological characteristics
Clerc, Lidwine. "Semer les graines de la paix : les Organisations Internationales et l’éducation à la paix au Kenya." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH034.
Full textThis thesis investigates Kenya's governmental journey into peace education through a qualitative case study and multi-sited ethnography. The relentless post-election violence of 2007-2008 signed the beginning of extensive peace building activities. Our analysis starts right at independence, in 1963; a corner stone in the national history since it rendered Kenya to Kenyans but also because the country's structural violence, social injustices, started building up in the hands of Africans. We reviewed the history of national politics to understand notions of ethnic group, ethnic community, ethnic politics in addition to unequal land allocations and internal borders. Accordingly main reasons of ethnic conflicts were assessed as well. Besides behavioural violence, Kenya is greatly challenged in terms of internal security; by rapid urbanization and ever growing slum areas with high rates of unemployed youth and by facing daily tough issues with over 500,000 refugees on its soil. We also reviewed briefly the ubiquitous corruption as an underlying matter of the issues above mentioned. Kenya made peace with an international mediation and the implementation of four agendas attending to proximate and long term issues. This thesis explored why, and most importantly, how peace education rallied round to the national peace building cause; further wondering if peace education had an impact on structural violence. Our review started at the beginning of the peace education programme in the MoEST headquarters with UNHCR and later with UNICEF. Afterwards, a national peace education campaign was built in sight of the notably peaceful 2013-general election, alongside with other activities. Kenya became the continental lead country of the ADEA: ICQN-PE, learning and sharing experiences with fellow African countries. A governmental policy on peace education was launched in 2014 with UNICEF and UNESCO; peace education now belongs to the patrimony of Kenya
Ekwa, Mateke Wilfried. "Le processus de paix en Angola." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020092.
Full textThe latest developments seem to point towards some acceleration in the national reconciliation process xhich has been so much hoped for yet always turned down. Years of savage and destructive war finally tired the belligerents who agreed to negociations with the four powers which are u. S. A. , angola, cuba and republic of south africa in may 1988. The parties solemnly signed two peace-agreements in new york in december 1988, putting an end to the "international conflict" in angola. One problem remained - finding a solution for the conflict within angola itself. Harsh bargaining between the mpla in power and the unita, under the mediation of zaire, finally led to the agreements of gbadolite, in 1989, but these short-lived. New negociations conducted by portugal in lisbon from 1990 ended by the signing of the bicesse agreement on may 31st, 1991. These paved the way for a democratic angola to come into existence with the end of general and presidential elections scheduled for 1992. Unfortunately, unita resumed hostilities after their poll defeat in order to gain power by force. Confrontation turned to the advantage of those in power. The rebels, after this total defeat, accepted to sign the lusaka agreements, thus establishing mpla supremacy in november 1994. Which structural and conjonctural reasons have forced the protagonists to open talks and sign peace-agreements ? were there any deciding interior or exterior factors after all ?
Chevalier, Laurent. "La frontière entre guerre et paix." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100053.
Full textClaparède-Albernhe, Brigitte. "Amos Oz, une écriture de paix /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399472278.
Full textHamdi, Mehdi. "Les opérations de consolidation de la paix." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00474193.
Full textSilva, Ramon Ara?jo. "Vida de caminhoneiro: sofrimento e paix?o." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2015. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/351.
Full textPontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas
Daily truck drivers are subjected to long working hours, they spend several days away from the family, they are forced to go through sleepless nights and, to perform multiple rounds, they are forced to make use of stimulant drugs. Whereas the work occupies a central place in their lives and that has a direct impact on the living conditions and health, this research, qualitative, expressed the belief that the above conditions result in an extremely exhausting daily work. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of everyday working of the long routes drivers truck, from their own perspectives, and check the possible relations of this routinewith the mental health of these workers. To do this, this research, located in the field of Social Work Psychology, used the ethnographic method, with the completion ofreflexive interviews and travel with truck drivers. Research has shown that many truckers say they love the road, but on the other hand, the work is extremely stressful and can reverberate directly on the physical and mental health. In the field work, the hardship and the precarious nature of this activity stood out. But beyond them, it was also possible to identify some aspects that characterize the profession, such as the affection of drivers with regard to work; the excessive control exercised by carriers through the tracker and the cell; the isolation; the functional use of drugs that ends, in many cases, to trigger dysfunctional; the difficulty of these workers to organize collectively and contradictions of the strikes carried out by truck drivers. It was considered that the main difficulties of the truck activity are due mainly to the strong influence that the capitalist logic has on the road loads sector, especially with regard to the exploitation of surplus value which obliges drivers to comply with a long working hours.
Cotidianamente os caminhoneiros est?o sujeitos a longas jornadas de trabalho, passam v?rios dias distantes da fam?lia, s?o obrigados a atravessar noites sem dormir e, para executar m?ltiplas jornadas s?o obrigados a fazer uso de drogas estimulantes. Considerando que o trabalho ocupa um lugar central na vida dos sujeitos e que repercute diretamente nas condi??es de vida e sa?de, esta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, partiu do pressuposto que as condi??es citadas acima resultam em um cotidiano de trabalho extremamente desgastante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as caracter?sticas do cotidiano de trabalho de caminhoneiros de rotas longas, a partir de suas pr?prias perspectivas, e verificar as poss?veis rela??es desse cotidiano com a sa?de mental desses trabalhadores. Para tal, esta pesquisa, situada no campo da Psicologia Social do Trabalho, utilizou-se do m?todo etnogr?fico, com a realiza??o de entrevistas reflexivas e viagens junto com caminhoneiros. A pesquisa permitiu verificar que muitos caminhoneiros se dizem apaixonados pela estrada, mas, por outro lado, o trabalho ? extremamente desgastante e pode repercutir diretamente sobre a sa?de f?sica e mental. No trabalho de campo, a penosidade e a precariedade dessa atividade se destacaram. Tamb?m foram identificados alguns aspectos que caracterizam essa profiss?o, tais como o afeto dos motoristas com rela??o ao trabalho; o controle excessivo exercido pelas transportadoras atrav?s do rastreador e do celular; o isolamento; o uso funcional de drogas que, em muitos casos, desencadeia o disfuncional; a dificuldade desses trabalhadores de se organizarem coletivamente e as contradi??es das paralisa??es realizadas pelos caminhoneiros. Considerou-se que as principais dificuldades da atividade dos caminhoneiros devem-se, principalmente, ? forte influ?ncia que a l?gica capitalista exerce sobre o setor rodovi?rio de cargas, especialmente no que diz respeito ? explora??o da mais-valia que obriga os motoristas a cumprir uma extensa jornada de trabalho.
Bouchet, Christian. "La guerre et la paix chez Demosthène." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040222.
Full textBouchet, Christian. "La Guerre et la paix chez Démosthène." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596279b.
Full textIersel, Adrianus Henricus Maria van Spanjersberg Marijke. "Vrede leren in de Kerk /." Kampen : J. H. Kok, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37061717g.
Full textMabille, François. "Le mouvement Pax Christi 1944-1976 : origines et développements d'une mobilisation catholique pour la paix." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0004.
Full textAlesandrini, Diana-Maria. "Contribution à l'étude de l'administration internationale au service de la paix : le cas des missions de consolidation de la paix." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1061.
Full textStudy of contemporary international relations shows the increasing involvement of the international community and especially the international organizations in states'internal affairs. On behalf of the need to mitigate the threats to security and to international peace, the shield, which once represented the state sovereignty is gradually cracked and areas reserved to the states wither. Instituted to preserve peace but confronted with new forms of conflict, the United Nations have adapted their actions to protect the population. We first experienced the maintenance of peace missions and then operations to enforce peace have emerged. Finally, peacebuilding has become ubiquitous and the United Nations sometimes opts for the direct administration of territories. The international administration of territory however is not a phenomenon created by the United Nations, since there is an occupation regime. In the wake of these occupations, was established a regime supposed to promote the return of peace. First from states, the administration of territories has evolved. It has gradually institutionalized. There are rules dedicated to the administration of a territory by an authority which does not emanate: it is the law of occupation. It was therefore appropriate in this study to question these rules and consider the possibility of applying them to peacebuilding missions, if they participate in the administration of a territory and have in their power the civilian population. We are more committed to bring a global perspective on the institutionalization of the process, keeping in mind the rules governing the occupation of the territories
Ducroquetz, Florence. "L'Union européenne et le maintien de la paix." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00579597.
Full textMoundounga, Séraphin. "L'Union européenne et la paix en Afrique subsaharienne." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871641.
Full textLe, Boeuf Romain. "Le traité de paix en droit international public." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100046.
Full textPeace treaty is an international legal act of a contractual nature, concluded by two or more States in order to end the war between them. Nevertheless, regarding both the circumstances of its conclusion and its content, this instrument is remotely compatible with the classical figure of international treaty. The requirement of free and equal wills faces both the existence of a prior use of force and the lack of reciprocity on the agreed rights and obligations. This does not mean that the instrument is solely the product of two forces confronting each other. In practice, the winner does not arbitrarily dictate its terms to a coerced vanquished. On the contrary, a peace treaty finds itself at the intersection of several legal mechanisms which partly determine the content and the extent of the respective rights and obligations of belligerents. Those mechanisms are mostly borrowed from the law of international responsibility and the law of collective security. They invite to consider the peace treaty not as the product of the exclusive application of the law of treaties, but as the result of simultaneous and potentially conflicting requirements of different bodies of rules. This dynamic approach of the instrument brings a new light on the substantive rules governing the end of international armed conflicts. It also permits to discuss certain representations sometimes hastily associated with the very concept of treaty
Bouillon, Vincent. "Guerre et paix dans la philosophie d'Emmanuel Levinas." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100060.
Full textAlong a first, major question, primordial as it involves living together and respecting human values. Let us present that problem: «it proximity concerned one person only there would not have been any difficulty». There are not only two of us in this world, and our relation to the other, the third one, the closest as well as the furtherest, is a reality we cannot deny before any consent. «A problem» because the other is equally, par excellence, the most worry some, and unpredictable with the other we shall always be in a relation that includes an infinity of indestructible links. Last as we are in the world our preoccupation “of” and “for” the other is imposed on us as an heritage with the same necessity as our presence to ourselves. In our existence we have never been and never shall be alone; that is why our relation to the other, from peace to war, becomes an essential question, the first as well as the last of the problems. We will show in these links that the problem of war and peace arises by and for the being, we shall to go further by identifying precisely that to being and to ontology is added another source of conflict, which is all the more ambivalent as it will be necessary to peace and war: transcendence. What we would like to let appear and to sustain is that the being is not the only origin of evil and consequently of war. Levinas’s position on that point has slowly but significantly evolved, as the thesis expressed in his early writing has been submitted to the harsh experience of the nazi concentration camps and have finally resulted in his maturity in a general discard for enjoyment and happiness for ourself. This is the voyage to which the reader is invited, as well as to approach of the implications it includes for justice, state, happiness and the effective realization of peace as well as for the always possible and sudden looming up treat of war.We shall accompagny Levinas in his striving for lucidity regarding the last century and its genocides and we shall endeavor to reconcile that lucidity with the hope his whole philosophy wants never theless to sustain
Roggero, Claude. "Le sport : guerre et paix, le désir mimétique." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0009.
Full textNestorovic, Sacha. "L'assistance électorale multilatérale au service de la paix." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05D001.
Full textThe concept of peace has been redefined in the aftermath of the Cold War. Peace operations have also followed this evolution. In the context of the new peace operations, the notions of democracy and of State of law have reached a whole new dimension. While as a notion of constitutional law democracy was traditionally analysed as a mode of devolution of power, it has further become an element of peace consolidation - a notion in international law. This internationalization of the "democracy imperative" has been emphasized by multilateral electoral assistance which has in the last years been an important factor for the adoption of a certain number of solutions for the end of the crisis. Is there an "international law of electoral assistance" beyond the apparent diversity of geopolitical contexts? What is its contribution to peace? These are some of the questions examined throughout this work
Ducroquetz, Florence. "L’Union européenne et le maintien de la paix." Thesis, Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL20008/document.
Full textSince 2001, the EU has conducted more than twenty military operations and civilian missions, and is now seen as one of the leading organizations in the field of peacekeeping. For a long time perceived as an intergovernmental organization, the establishment of an integrated structure for crisis management into the heart of the organization, as well as the delegation of this crisis management to the different European organs, have contributed to the gradual empowerment of the EU toward its member states. This process of becoming autonomous is also evident in the international legal order. A large set of rules thus applies to the EU due to its involvement in the international legal order, including rules relating to the international responsibility for regional organizations. The effective intervention of the European Union in the field of peacekeeping – as a regional organization– is in keeping with an unclear legal framework. However, the phenomen on of regionalization could have been interpreted as prejudicing the collective security system established by the UN Charter.Two aspects of the effective intervention of the European Union call for analysis : the conformity of its action to the UN framework and its contribution to the evolution of peacekeeping
Ben, Moubamba Bruno. "La signification du concept de "paix" dans l'Augustinisme." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIML004.
Full textWhat interests Saint Augustine, is the way elected officials, distinguished from others by the grace of God and not on their merits which are non-existent, will live in exile among the ungodly of an earthly city, private rest so peace. But just as the latter is comparable to the state nor the city of God is totally identifiable with the Church. We understand that these are two cities in the allegorical sense empirically following are mixed (perplexae) here below. Gradually assimilating the first state and the second in the Church, the medieval théocratiens (such as political Islam today) have come against the thought of the bishop of Hippo, to submit the State the church, unaware of the way the eschatological perspective of the theme of the two.The disciples of St. Augustine were they faithful to the teaching of the doctor of the Christian West, especially in politically? To the extent that they were unanimous in recognizing that the true "civilization" is based on faith in a God who revealed himself, and when man understands it as an "ultimate radicalissime possibility of his being," c is to place it outside the world. It remained to fight any attempt to reduce the size of the empirical worldly existence of the human condition, in the narrowness of the earthly city, this, this company Adamic which always precedes the city to come and prepare the tribulations of human history: "Here we will rest and we'll see, we will see and we will love, we love and praise." (Works of Saint Augustine, George Combe French translation, Augustine Library, Paris, Desclée de Brower, 1959). Is not this a picture of the peace to which all things tend-humans?
Bély, Lucien. "Diplomates et diplomatie autour de la paix d'Utrecht." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602781m.
Full textBély, Lucien. "Diplomates et diplomatie autour de la paix d'Utrecht." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010635.
Full textSéré, Daniel. "La paix des Pyrénées (7 novembre 1659) : la paix, fonction royale, dans les négociations entre la France et l'Espagne (1635-1659)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040269.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to focus on one of the major roles of a King in the 17th century : to restore the peace. The main idea is that peace, in the foreign affairs, was as major part of King's duty as was war. To illustrate this, a close analysis was performed of the various attempts of peace negotiation between France and Spain, that lasted all along the war, up to the Treaty of the Pyrenees (November 7, 1659). The first part of the document, which is basically a detailed chronology, aims to give a continuous and unified view of the of the negotiation events, in the prospective of the final peace. A large use of the French and Spanish sources allows to emphasize several previously lessened aspects of this long efforts toward peace. The second part consists of special studies on selected topics : the complexity of the antagonism between France and Spain; the reluctance in Spain to make peace in spite of the perception of a deep crisis of the monarchy; the practice of negotiation as seen from the various attempts of peace, the peace in the reality and in the mentalities of the first half of the 17th century. Each of these studies contributes to enlighten an aspect of the role of the King as a peace maker
Thiébaut, Sylvain. "La définition des frontières de l’Etat d’Israël dans le cadre du processus de paix au Proche-Orient." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN20005/document.
Full textThe question of the determination of the Hebrew State’s boundaries is central in the arab-israeli conflict since 1947, when the partition plan for Palestine was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly. It leads to the surfaces definition of military control areas in the Near-East between the different protagonists. Indeed, the land dividing appears to be the product of diverse armed actions of which the both principal are the Israel-Arab war of 1948-49 and the Six Days War of 1967. The contradiction between the terms of the United Nations act and the effective cutting up on the ground affects the international public law at various stages. First of all, we have to determine the binding ability (or non-ability) of the United Nations General Assembly act, this one just having on principle a recommendatory power. However, the specific framework of the mandates and the issue of boundaries delimitation of a former territory under tutelage are going to confer an erga omnes opposability to the partition plan. So the discordance between the partition plan frontiers and the existing demarcations has to be analyzed through the distinction between military occupation and annexation. It brings out that spaces controlled by Israeli State in addition to the terms of the General Assembly resolution reveal two different regimes: one part of lands having been juridically annexed and the other being subdued to a military regime and then differentiated from the internal israeli order. This new cutting up imposed by facts sees itself validated by United Nations in 1967 with the adoption of the resolution 242. By this act, the Security Council transforms front lines into international boundaries, which belies the principle of “the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war”, and demonstrates its incapacity to assume his specific responsibility in the matter of maintaining international peace and security. Then the borrowed solution seems to be counterproductive since it has not even contributed to forge the boundaries definitely on the former mandatory Palestine territory. The juridical regime applying on the zones subdued to the Israeli military control -assigned to serve as bases for the future Palestinian State, is different from the regime applied on the Israeli internal order, but it leads also to catch sight of a possible additional absorption of lands by Israel, East-Jerusalem being the significative symbol of this risk. The peace process of the nineties has stumbled on this specific question. Then, the current Near-East position leads the international order to a contradiction which appears still difficulty surmountable until now
Enns, Fernando. "Friedenskirche in der Ökumene : mennonitische Wurzeln einer Ethik der Gewaltfreiheit /." Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39050238w.
Full textGodefroy, Maxime. "Maintenir la paix, mais laquelle ? : Interdépendances, zones d’action et conjoncture de maintien de la paix dans le secteur de la sécurité collective." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20007/document.
Full textThrough the example of joint peackeeping operations (PKO) between the United Nations and the European union in Chad and Central african Republic (known by their French acronyms as Eufor Tchad-RCA and Minurcat) between 2008 and 2010, the purpose of this research is to question the social process that lead to the launching and the implementation of a collective security operation knwon as a peacekeeping operation.Though the Anglo-Saxon analyses of peacekeeping inspired by the International Relations theory not often question the decisionnal process, considering the deployment as a rational mean to treat a crisis, this thesis is an analysis of the non-linear social process that led to the deployment of Eufor Tchad-RCA and Minurcat. This analysis allows us to question in an orignal way the dysfunction of peacekeeping by shifting the focus from the local appropriation of the PKO as suggested by the Libera Peace approach to the continuity between decisionnal stages and implementation stages of the PKO. The thesis proposed here is that the launching of a PKO must be understood as the output of the social activity that takes place around a security issue that lead to the structuration of an area of action in the collective security sector. We named that periode a conjuncture of peacekeeping. The conduct of the operation is then analysed as the continuity of the activity in this area of action which includes new actors during its implementation stage. The re setup of the area of action can lead to the pursuit of the PKO or to its end, regarding the social dynamic that is set up
De, Corte Frédéric. "Le processus de professionnalisation des Gardiens de la Paix." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209920.
Full textDepuis le 1er janvier 2004, les Gardiens de la paix (ex-APS) sous statut ALE ne peuvent plus être engagés. Ceux embauchés sous ce statut peuvent cependant continuer à exercer leur fonction. Néanmoins, tout nouveau recrutement doit obligatoirement se faire sous le statut Activa.
Au mois de juin 2006, une nouvelle circulaire concernant les GP a bouleversé le paysage sécuritaire rendant possible la professionnalisation de certains d’entre eux sous certaines conditions (contrat 1ère emploi pour les moins de 26 ans suite à la loi sur le pacte des générations).
Progressivement, on constate une volonté de favoriser l’instauration d’un réel statut avec contrat de travail pour ces GP et d’amorcer un glissement des tâches par le biais d’un élargissement progressif du champ d’action.
Depuis janvier 2008, l’appellation « Gardiens de la Paix (GP) » remplace celle des APS et des personnes assimilées. Il persiste toujours un inconvénient d’une multiplicité de statuts mais il y a l’avantage d’une dénomination unique.
Les GP représentent quelques uns des acteurs de la mutation lente du concept de l’emploi classique et des transformations sociales en découlant. Le chômage connaît une évolution identique devenant de plus en plus contraignant et offrant dans le cas des GP la possibilité d’un statut précarisé à mi-chemin entre l’emploi et le désemploi. Cette fonction, caractérisée de « métier en creux », devient génératrice d’illusions pour son public cible et ce, parfois à son insu :illusion d’avoir retrouvé le plein emploi ,d’apporter une réponse aux problèmes de sécurité et de chômage pour l’ensemble de la population par ses décideurs et développement pour l'État d'un sentiment d'avoir trouvé une solution socialement acceptable.
A ce titre, les GP ne sont pas simplement les témoins de cette transformation sociale mais en sont également les acteurs. Ils occupent, dès lors, une place stratégique dans cette recomposition de l’emploi à connotation sécuritaire publique.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Barakova, Rossitza. "Le partage du pouvoir dans les processus de paix." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0084.
Full textAlthough present in the institutions of many States that suffered from terrible crises, power-sharing wasn’t studied by the French legal doctrine. Power-sharing is not a legally identifiable concept, but it implies different legal mechanisms and shows some similarities with some others. A certain political doctrine wanted to use power-sharing as a frequently used model for societies’ organization, but it is, first and foremost, a tool of crisis management which can be used in conflict prevention as well as in peace consolidation. Without a fixed model and without an intangible set of characteristics, power-sharing is an adaptable tool, but it may be a temporary one. Its’ use, although frequently peaceful, is not without an impact upon the subjects of international law, and namely upon the State itself
Brochu, Isabelle. "Analyse économique de la guerre et de la paix." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8218.
Full textBidadanure, Nestor. "La culture de paix face au populisme en Afrique." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083969.
Full textAgainst the widespread idea defended by a number of journalists and political analysts, this PhD thesis shows that the African crisis is political and not ethnical. In the Great Lakes Region, my object of research, we cannot refer to the populations as “ethnies” as such. Indeed, Hutus and Tutsis share a common language, culture and territory. But more than that, this thesis argues that even if Hutus and Tutsis represented different identities, it would not straightforwardly imply the ineluctability of confrontation. Diversity among peoples ought not signify antagonism; ethnic differences should not be correlated with ethnic conflicts. I argue that the process that led to the 1994 genocide in Rwanda is rooted in politics and not in non-existing ethnic differences. In order to understand the origin of the ideology that allowed for the animalization of the “other”, I come back to the theories that were transmitted by the Belgium colonialists to the post-colonial elite through the educational system. To this purpose, I go back to the 18th and 19th centuries and highlight the way African peoples were perceived by the main thinkers of the time. I analyze the mechanisms that led to the acceptation and reproduction of the colonial ideology by the post-colonial elites. I then question the capacity of the concept of Culture of Peace, as defined by the UNESCO and the UN, to play a role against what I call the radical identity populism of the Great Lakes region. I argue that the concept of Culture of Peace should be underpinned by the African philosophy of Ubuntu in order to demystify the arguments of radical identity populism more efficiently. This thesis concludes by defending the idea that the concept of Culture of Peace can only become hegemonic if it is both supported by the various political forces and tied to the culture of resistance
Hocquet, Alain. "Le prix Nobel de la Paix en relations internationales." Nancy 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN20001.
Full textSall, Abdoul Aziz. "Les opérations de maintien de la paix : : exemple africain." Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1168.
Full textVianès, Emmanuel. "Entre guerre et paix : les Administrations Internationales Post-Belligérantes." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30075.
Full textBeside peace operations, the concept of international post-belligerent (post-conflict) administration is a particular form of territorial administration in international relations. In exceptional situations, an international Authority is set up during transitional periods that fluctuate between war and peace to settle territorial disputes and/or problems of governance. The basis of this type of political institution is that an international actor has responsibility for the temporary administration of a territory in a post-belligerent situation, that it discharges that function in the interest of the population and of international society, that it juxtaposes the international and internal legal orders, that it establishes joint governance structures and that it can act in international relations on behalf of the territory it administers. Studying this concept entails establishing the connection between public international law and international relations so that one can dissect the “idea” and determine an approach. In practice, experimentation in the realm of international post-belligerent (post-conflict) administration comprises a plenary phase, partnership and local ownership of the process and has as its end-purpose the building of a bridge between the impact of statism in the international system and the propagation of the norms of international society. This is demonstrated in the light of the developments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo and East Timor
Irani, Issam Sami. "Implications économiques et sociales du processus de paix au Moyen-Orient : relations économiques entre les états de la région dans une ère de paix." Lille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL30008.
Full textMartin, Vincent. "LA PAIX DU ROI : paix publique, idéologie, législation et pratique judiciaire de la royauté capétienne de Philippe Auguste à Charles le Bel (1180-1328)." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30056.
Full textIf the renewal of king's peace in the XIIth century is a well-Known phenomenon, its blossoming in the XIIIth and XIVth centuries is less-Known. The period which separates the reigns of Philippe Auguste and Charles le Bel – 1180-1328 – is none-The-Less decisive. During this period, thanks to a very favourable context, kingship succeeded in setting itself up as an eminent peacemaker of its kingdom, finally replacing God's ancient peace by king's peace. The challenge is however immense. More than anything, three ravages which the crown strives to fight, keep on threatening the peace : violence on public roads, illicit associations, and wars arising between subjects. In their resolute fight, kings are prompted by the thought of the ecclesiastics who, referring to the antique carolingian tradition, insist on reminding the kings that their duty is to work for their kingdom tranquillity. The Aristotelian rebirth reinforces this rhetoric : in the light of Aristote, theologians emphasize that peace is the ultimate aim of a king's duty. Stimulated by those enlightened discourses, Capetians try to refrain the disorders generated by highwaymen, warmongers and subjects who join together. To achieve their goal they choose to act as legislators : they enact numerous laws, some local some general, which firmly condemn those dangerous criminals. Enforcing these precepts meets with strong resistances and king's policy goes through real vicissitudes. However, king's policy reinforces its sovereignty and achieves concrete results. Sources attest that the crown servants undertake numerous actions aiming at punishing troublemakers who violate the king's law. The crown determination is particularly obvious against those who take part in wars and are regularly sentenced for their wrongdoing by the king's justice. Hence by expending all their efforts and energy, Capetians succeed in establishing some peaceful order on which their successors the Valois will lean
Mansour, Abdalla. "Influence du commerce international sur la guerre et la paix." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9292.
Full textBrunat, David. "La question de la paix : kant et les lumieres francaises." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040141.
Full textMétairie, Guillaume. "Le monde des juges de paix de Paris : 1790-1838." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100134.
Full textHabibi, Homayoun. "La notion de menace contre la paix en droit international." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010280.
Full textBelhaoues, Mohamed Amir. "Le droit international nucléaire pour le développement et la paix." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0022.
Full textCorj-Dandine, Doina. "L'apport des juridictions pénales internationales au maintien de la paix." Thesis, Artois, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ARTO0304.
Full textThe experience of the international criminal courts has shown that it is possible to reconcile peace and justice, even if they are sometimes in competition. Indeed, it happens that the warring parties agree to a peace settlement by an amnesty, which limits the implementation of justice. However, justice constitutes an indispensable part of the process of national reconciliation. Indeed, the international criminal courts have contributed to the peace restoration and conflict resolution by accelerating the process of national reconciliation, by punishing the responsible for international crimes with immunities or not, as well as by providing comfort and reparations to the victims in order to give them the opportunity to rebuild. Their contribution is even more valuable in the situation where the UN system still suffers from shortcomings, its activity of peacekeeping being repeatedly criticized for its inability to resolve the conflicts in a sustainable manner. The revelation of the truth has become the guiding principle of conflict resolution such as in the case of criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sierra Leone and especially performed by the International Criminal Court, facts which allow to consider that the role of international criminal courts will be strengthened in the processes of peace building and peacekeeping
Ruiz, Raphaël. "Télévision et processus de paix : l'exemple nord-irlandais : (1993-1998." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21031.
Full textKubisch, Stephan. "Quia nihil Deo sine pace placet : Friedensdarstellungen in der Kunst des Mittelalters /." Münster : Lit Verl, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355753472.
Full textFaust, Eberhard. "Pax Christi et Pax Caesaris : religionsgeschichtliche, traditionsgeschichtliche und sozialgeschichtliche Studien zum Epheserbrief /." Freiburg : Göttingen : Schweiz : Universitätsverlag ; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355768183.
Full textHagenlocher, Albrecht. "Der guote vride : idealer Friede in deutscher Literatur bis ins frühe 14. Jahrhundert /." Berlin ; New York : W. de Gruyter, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37526410g.
Full textMuhimpundu, Félicité Mougniotte Alain. "L'éducation à la citoyenneté et sa portée cas du Rwanda /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/muhimpundu_f.
Full text