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Asifa Izzatullah and Dr.Sumaira Ejaz. "Cultural Depiction Of China By Pakistani Travelogue Writers." Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq 3, no. 3 (January 16, 2023): 142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.58760/dareechaetahqeeq.v3i3.58.
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Travelogue is one of the most popular genre of Urdu Literature in which reality is kept in focus instead of imaginative or hypothetical aspects of life. The foremost condition of writing a travelogue is to travel to some city, country, or continent and to observe the culture and customs, living conditions, habits, norms, values, and traditions of the people of that particular area. A travelogue provides political, social, cultural, educational, and historical information. History is an important feature in travelogue and it is given a lot of importance to perceive the traditions and customs of a social group. Travelogues not only safeguard the customs of any particular group or age but they are the means through which these customs are transferred from one generation to another. Pakistani travelogue authors who focus on the illustration of tradition and custom-based travelogue are more successful and effective than any other writers. Every author presented cultural aspects of other countries by focusing on their racial, lingual, and historical features. These travelogues not only fulfill the demand of the present age but also highlight the critical point of view. China is believed to be one of the biggest cultural countries whose historical evidence resembles the age Before Christ. The world's largest population is present in China and which is approximately 1.40 billion. This article will delineate the cultural and traditional aspects of China, provide a critical view of China’s customs and provide a comparison of culture and tradition between China and Pakistan.
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Siddique, Marriyam, and Syed Sibtain Hussain Shah. "Violence against Women: An Analysis of the Infirmed Legal System of Pakistan." Journal of Public Policy Practitioners 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2023): 116–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jppp.22.06.
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In Pakistan, a woman's life is governed by the rigid norms of her extended family, faith, and tribal community. This paper aims to investigate the philosophy behind gender-based violence, particularly the violence against women and its related customary practices in different areas in Pakistan, in the backdrop of the infirmed legal system of the country. The authors employ descriptive method to scientifically address the concerned issue. The theory of social change, which broadly focuses on the problem, is additionally significant to probe the violence against women in Pakistan. Throughout the country, women are subjected to a wide range of detrimental customs, including forced marriages, religious conversions, and the exchange of women in marriage without their consent. This study looks into why gender-based violence persists in Pakistan, despite the establishment of the state in the name of Islam, a religion that emphasizes women’s equality and respect in the society. By examining all relevant aspects, the study concludes that customary laws are dominant over state legislation in protecting women from violence. The study determines that Pakistan's legal system is flawed, with significant gaps that must be filled by well-structured legislation to ensure women's safety from abuse.
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Noreen, Sidra, Izhar Ahmad Khan, Farkhanada Anjum, and Ejaz Ashraf. "MODERNITY AND CHANGING CULTURAL PATTERNS IN PAKISTAN." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 3 (May 13, 2021): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9335.
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Purpose of the Study: The present study is intended to determine the level of modernity and cultural change among university students. In addition, the study is also aimed to calculate the relationship between modernity and cultural change.
Methodology: Sequential mixed-method research approach is deployed in this study. Initially, the researcher used a quantitative research approach and surveyed the students using a cross-sectional survey design. A two-stage probability sampling technique was used, and a total of 420 students were selected using the stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling technique, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 version.
Principal Findings: The results indicated that modernity and cultural change is not uniform among the respondents, but they varied as per the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. However, it is more visible in the material aspect of life than the non-material aspect of the social life among the students. In addition, results also indicated a positive relationship between modernity and changing culture among students.
Applications of the study: The results and findings of the study draw the attention of policymakers and researchers to take necessary steps to increase the benefits of modernity and cultural change and decrease the negative consequences of modernity and cultural change. Special measures are needed to protect local indigenous culture as well.
Novelty/Originality of this Study: The contribution of this study is a university student and modernity in changing values most prominent tool that makes us able to survive in society is cultural patterns through which we learn all that we need to survive and learn behavior, norms, customs repetition of acceptable action, etc. In the nineteenth century, modernization involves culture, and hence it is clear that modern tends are changing old ties of culture.
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Et al., Gulnaz Sattar,. "PATRIARCHY AS A SOCIAL TRIBAL VALUE: FEMINIST ANALYSIS OF JAMIL AHMAD’S THE WANDERING FALCON." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 4236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1489.
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The present study is aimed to investigate the status of women in the novel The Wandering Falcon by Jamil Ahmed originally published in 2011. The Wandering Falcon is a collection of nine short stories. All the stories are interlinked with one another. The novel shows life in the tribal areas situated at the borders of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. In the present study, the researcher has examined the impacts of tribal traditions and rules on the lives of the people of these region. The research deals with the cruel and brutal laws of Federally Administrative Tribal Areas (FATA) and the miserable life style of these tribal people, especially the women of the region, as depicted in the novel. The tribal people have to face the indifference of nature as well as the supremacy of society. The rules and regulations of society have a deep impact on the social, mental and psychological development of its members. The present study deals with the social status of women in these tribal areas. It describes the attitude of tribal customs and traditions toward women and reflects the impact of these brutal laws on the lives of women as well as the poor and suppressed class of the society. This article aims to highlight the tribal customs which, commodify the women of FATA. Qualitative research paradigm has been selected for the novel as it tends to be exploratory and interpretative and feminist perspective have been applied on the sample.
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Haider, Kamal. "http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/145." Habibia Islamicus 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47720/hi.2021.0503u15.
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The main theme of this study is to evaluate the concept of national education in Pakistan, investigate its prevailing situation and discuss its consequences .The study based on qualitative approach and critically review of the related literatures. No doubt the system of education reflect the philosophy of the nation and a country. It is also reflect the culture, customs, values, language as well as the ideology of life and death. These elements lead the name the national to the top of the world or to bottom. Literature and its related observations revealed that the government of Pakistan spent billions of dollar for the promotion and development of education, several policies and plans were made, several initiatives and task forces are formed but all of these efforts are just of number game no real changes have been observed in the prevailing system of education but in other side its worst consequences have been seen in all areas of Pakistan. Pakistan as a country not only left behind in science and technology but also weak in social and ethical values only because of the the absence of ideological base National Education.
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Farooq, Mr Yasir, and Dr Mansha Tayyab. "IMPACTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON WOMEN IN PAKISTAN: PROBLEMS & SOLUTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF ISLAMIC TEACHINGS." ĪQĀN 1, no. 02 (June 30, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/iqan.v1i02.45.
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Since the creation of woman, she faces many problems in her life. Different societies have their own customs and traditions. And woman faces problems regarding them. Pakistani society has its own influence and civilization which causes many problems of women. In these traditions, one of the bad behaviors is, marriage of woman on wrong time i.e. late marriage or early time marriage. In the result, at least, she faces Problems regarding dowry, Joint family system, Family disintegration, Childlessness, Propensity to violence, Effects of husband remaining alone from wife etc. On the basis of social divisions in Pakistani family system and depiction of woman issues having effects on herself, the significant and their mediation is very necessary, too. Many of these problems has Psychological impacts on woman in her domestic life. In Pakistani society where woman faces domestic and family problems, there economic problems too pester her which include greed for riches and lack of them both pester her psychologically. In this paper, above mentioned problems of women in Pakistani society has been discussed in the light of Islamic teachings.
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Tazeen Saeed Ali, Neesha Hussain, Shah Zeb, and Asli Kulane. "Association of dowry practices with perceived marital life and intimate partner violence." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 71, no. 10 (July 26, 2021): 2298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.06-761.
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Objective: To understand the perceptions of women about the influence of dowry customs on their marital life and on intimate partner violence (IPV) in a marriage. Method: This was a cross-sectional study on married women of reproductive age in Karachi, Pakistan between 2008 and 2009. Data was collected through a reliable questionnaire developed by World Health Organization, which was validated at local context and has been translated in to Urdu and then back translated in to English. Results: This study found that women whose marriages were decided conditionally on the provision of dowry to the groom’s family reported it to have had a positive impact on marital life (aOR: 11.5). Consenting to a marriage was positively associated with positive marital life (aOR: 36.8), as was the case when the marriage was contingent on dowry to be given to the groom’s family (aOR: 10.4). Provision of a dowry was not protective from physical (aOR: 3.7), sexual (aOR: 3.7), or psychological violence (aOR: 8.9). Conclusion: Dowry practices exist in Pakistani culture, despite the fact that dowry wives experience IPV. However, women perceive that the provision of dowry to groom’s family has a positive impact on marital life. In the immediate future, to protect women in and entering into marriage, there should be a strengthening of women’s organizations to provide legal, social and medical supports to women in need as well as the training of medical and paramedical professionals to recognize and respond to IPV. Continuous...
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AHMED, AMINEH. "Death and Celebration among Muslim Women: A Case Study from Pakistan." Modern Asian Studies 39, no. 4 (October 2005): 929–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x05001861.
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After September 11 2001 questions about the nature and society of Islam were asked all over the world. Unfortunately in the rush to provide answers inadequate and even distorted explanations were provided. Muslim groups like the Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan with their brutal ways came to symbolise Islam. The need to understand society through a diachronic and in-depth study was thus even more urgent. The following work is an attempt to explain how Muslims organise their lives through an examination of rituals conducted by women. This particularistic account has far-reaching ramifications for the study of Muslim society.This article seeks to contribute to the general debate on Islamic societies. In particular it contributes to the ethnographic discussion on the Pukhtun. First, it seeks to establish the distinctive sociality of Pukhtun wealthy women or Bibiane in terms of their participation, within and beyond the household, in gham-khadi festivities, joining them with hundreds of individuals from different families and social backgrounds. Second, the article makes a case for documenting the lives of this grouping of elite South Asian women, contesting their conventional representation as idle by illustrating their commitment to various forms of work within familial and social contexts. Third, it describes the segregated zones of gham-khadi as a space of female agency. Reconstructing the terms of this agency helps us to revise previous anthropological accounts of Pukhtun society, which project Pukhtunwali in predominantly masculine terms, while depicting gham-khadi as an entirely feminine category. Bibiane's gham-khadi performances allow a reflection upon Pukhtunwali and wider Pukhtun society as currently undergoing transformation. Fourth, as a contribution to Frontier ethnography, the arguments in this article lay especial emphasis on gham-khadi as a transregional phenomenon, given the relocation of most Pukhtun families to the cosmopolitan capital Islamabad. Since gham-khadi is held at families' ancestral homes (kille-koroona), new variations and interpretations of conventional practices penetrate to the village context of Swat and Mardan. Ceremonies are especially subject to negotiation as relatively young convent-educated married Bibiane take issue with their ‘customs’ (rewaj) from a scriptural Islamic perspective. These contradictions are being increasingly articulated by the female graduates of an Islamabad-based reformist religious school, Al-Huda. Al-Huda, part of a broader regional and arguably national movement of purist Islamization, attempts to apply Quranic and hadith prophetic teaching to everyday life. This reform involves educated elite and middle-class women. These women actively impart Islamic ways of living to family members across metropolitan–rural boundaries. The school's lectures (dars, classes) provide a basis for questioning ‘customary’ or Pukhtun life-cycle practices, authorizing some Bibiane to amend visiting patterns in conformity to the Quran. The manipulation of life-cycle commemorations by elite and middle-class women as a vehicle of change, Islamization and a particular mode of modernity furthermore becomes significant in the light of recent socio-political Islamic movements in post-Taliban Frontier Province. More broadly, the article contributes to various sociological and anthropological topics, notably the nature and expression of elite cultures and issues of sociality, funerals and marriage, custom and religion, space and gender, morality and reason, and social role and personhood within the contexts of Middle-Eastern and South Asian Islam.
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Sultan, Farah, and Zaki Hasan. "PARENTAL PERCEPTION ABOUT WESTERN CARTOON ON CHILD’S MENTAL HEALTH IN PAKISTAN." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 9, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.9.2/010.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the impacts of foreign cartoons programs on the social behavior and attitude of Pakistani Children. It is forecasting different cartoon programs 24/7; hence, children spend most of their leisure in front of the television. All these cartoon characters affect the social life and psyche of the children and induce positive and negative mannerism in their daily lifestyles. It has found that one of the most disturbing factor is that the ferocity in children today is increasing rapidly due to following their favorite violent cartoon characters which are even different from their culture and societal norms. The issue is violence is what they see in every cartoon program in one or the other way. Their Guardians are unaware that these cartoons they let their children watch are destroying their parenting as negative forces are attacking the innocent minds of this generation. The study gives the insight of why and what is happening with non-parametric statistics studied and used for thorough analysis. The behavioral outcome of the kids like, imitating their preferred animation character, utilizing various dialects, watching the TV as opposed to deciding on outdoor games and being difficult about getting precisely the same outfits and embellishments as their adored character. This contextual analysis features the disturbing circumstance that guardians are uninformed of. There is something other than mimicking the particular character. The only traits of watching these foreign cartoon characters is that it might damage their own customs and they wildly become to believe these characters as their role models. KEY WORDS: Animated TV Shows, Children, Attitude, Behavior, Cartoons, Violence, Role Model, Pediatric Mental Health
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Nelly Trisna Raja Guk-Guk and Mike Wijaya Saragih. "MULTICULTURALISM VALUES IN HENA KHAN’S AMINA’S VOICE." DIALEKTIKA: JURNAL BAHASA, SASTRA DAN BUDAYA 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/dia.v8i2.3729.
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Abstract
This paper aims to show how the forms of multiculturalism values are displayed in Amina's life and how multiculturalism can change the perspective of other characters towards multiculturalism in the novel Amina's Voice (2017), written by a Pakistani-American writer, Hena Khan. This novel tells about a girl named Amina who has a family background from Pakistan and has long lived in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Despite living in a dominant Western culture, the Amina family consistently upholds Pakistani cultural values and uses their native customs daily. The differences between these two cultures often lead to conflicts experienced by Amina and other characters in the story. Despite encountering obstacles, Amina is shown still to practice the values of multiculturalism in her daily life. This study uses the concept of indicators of multiculturalism values proposed by Tilaar (2004) and the concept of acculturation written by Berry (2005). This research shows that there are forms of multiculturalism values found in the three spheres of Amina's life, namely in the family, school, and social environment. The indicators of multicultural values are learning in diversity, mutual trust, mutual understanding, mutual respect, open-mindedness, appreciation and interdependence (mutual dependence), and conflict resolution. In addition, the present writer also found that the practice of multiculturalism that occurred in the text resulted in an acculturation process that succeeded in changing the perspective of Amina's family members towards the value of multiculturalism.
Keywords: acculturation, multicultural, multiculturalism values
Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana bentuk nilai-nilai multikulturalisme ditampilkan dalam kehidupan Amina dan bagaimana praktek multikulturalisme dapat mengubah cara pandang tokoh lain terhadap multikulturalisme di dalam novel Amina’s Voice (2017) yang ditulis oleh seorang penulis Pakistan-Amerika, Hena Khan. Novel ini menceritakan tentang seorang anak perempuan bernama Amina yang memiliki latar belakang keluarga dari Pakistan yang sudah lama menetap di Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Amerika Serikat. Walaupun hidup di tengah budaya Barat yang sangat dominan, keluarga Amina secara konsisten tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai budaya Pakistan dan menggunakan adat-istiadat asal mereka di kehidupan sehari-hari mereka. Perbedaan 2 budaya ini kerap kali mendatangkan konflik yang dialami Amina dan tokoh-tokoh lain di dalam cerita. Walaupun mengalami kendala, Amina ditampilkan tetap mempraktekkan nilai-nilai multikulturalisme di dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan konsep indikator nilai-nilai multikulturalisme yang dikemukakan oleh Tilaar (2004) dan menggunakan konsep akulturasi yang ditulis oleh Berry (2005). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat bentuk-bentuk nilai multikulturalisme yang ditemukan di tiga ruang lingkup kehidupan Amina, yaitu di lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan sosial. Adapun indikator nilai multikultural yang ditemukan adalah belajar hidup dalam perbedaan, membangun saling percaya, memelihara saling pengertian, menjunjung sikap saling menghargai, terbuka dalam berpikir, apresiasi dan interdepedensi, dan resolusi konflik. Selain itu, penulis juga menemukan bahwa praktek multikulturalisme yang terjadi di dalam teks menghasilkan proses akulturasi yang berhasil mengubah cara pandang anggota keluarga Amina terhadap nilai multikulturalisme.
Kata Kunci: akulturasi, multikultural, nilai-nilai multikulturalisme
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Ghani, Altaf, Zamri bin Hj Hassan, and Dolly Paul Carlo. "CULTURAL BELIEFS AND PRACTICES REGARDING MATERNAL HEALTH: A CASE STUDY OF RURAL AREAS OF PUNJAB." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 03 (November 25, 2022): 1208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i03.1301.
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People are strongly influenced by practices and beliefs whether they are based on custom or tradition, and these beliefs are difficult to change just by requesting scientific evidence. Traditional beliefs are more focused on pregnancy and childbirth than other aspects of life, making women more susceptible to them. This research study mainly focused on cultural beliefs which are contributing in determining the reproductive life of women in Pakistan particularly of rural areas. This research used a hybrid technique for data processing and interpretation. This approach mixed both qualitative and quantitative methods, and required researchers to seek and explain reality in its natural setting. Field data collection was carried out in Punjab's area; Jampur which is the tehsil headquarters in District Rajanpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Married women having at least one child were selected through purposive sampling. It was concluded that women in Jampur preferred to follow indigenous food habits, advised by their elders, during pregnancy. Women depend on their husbands or mother-in-law regarding maternal healthcare decisions. According to health professionals, the maternal health depends on the education and social status of families. The ordinary Pakistani woman will continue to endure a high risk of maternal death and would leave behind stories of misery, prejudice, and vulnerability if social and cultural practises are not addressed in broad integrated policies aiming at improving maternal health in the area. Findings of this study will be helpful for the health service providers to arise with worthwhile mechanisms to make their services women-friendly and accessible to the youth. Likewise, this study will also contribute to an in-depth understanding of the processes underlying social identities in shaping women's reproductive health-seeking behaviors. The study will be helpful for organizations that are working for maternal health and population welfare such as National Institute of Population Studies (NIPS) and also for policy-making bodies, including national health policymakers and Pakistan population policymakers. Keywords: Maternal health, Cultural Beliefs, Motherhood, Indigenous healing, Maternal food habits.
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Abbas, Salbia, Wajeeha Chaudhry, and Aqsa Khalil. "Unveiling the Link between Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being: A Study on Satisfaction with Life among Cardiovascular Patients." Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 4, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.535930108.
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Cardiovascular diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels are the primary global cause of mortality (McNamara et al., 2019). The current investigation explored the relationships between perceived social support, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction in individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. In a recent study conducted in Sialkot, Pakistan, 100 individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD) were purposively sampled. The evaluation utilized custom demographic questionnaires and standardized tools, including the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Ryff 42-item Psychological Well-being Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Data analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics, encompassing normality tests, correlation coefficients, T-tests, and regression analysis to examine the relationships among variables. The study uncovered a compelling association, indicating a notably strong positive correlation (r = .51, p < 0.01) between perceived social support and psychological well-being, suggesting that increased social support may contribute to improved mental wellness. Additionally, the investigation revealed another significant finding, highlighting a robust positive correlation (r = .60, p < 0.01) between perceived social support and life satisfaction, emphasizing the positive impact of social support on overall life contentment. Individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and strong perceived social support generally exhibit positive psychological well-being and increased life satisfaction.
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Noor, Sara. "Gender Through Media: Images of Contemporary Masculinity in Two Pakistani Movies." International Conference on Gender Research 7, no. 1 (April 18, 2024): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/icgr.7.1.2313.
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Gender and its media representations inform us about a specific culture. This research paper is an in-depth qualitative study of the representations of contemporary masculinity and queerness in the Pakistani media and popular culture. The paper analyzes two Pakistani movies: Sarmad Khoosat’s Zindagi Tamasha (Circus of Life) (2019) and Saim Sadiq’s Joyland (2022). The aim of the study is to explore the concept of masculinity in the Pakistani society and its media representations in popular culture and cinema. Masculinity is interlinked with physical appearance, social norms and religious values in the Pakistani society, whereas queer behaviour is generally condemned because of cultural stereotypes and religious injunctions. The study analyzes the impact of social customs and stereotypes on the perception of masculinity in the male characters with special focus on the queer inclinations manifested in their behaviour. The analysis of the two movies is conducted through contemporary masculinity theories to identify current manifestations of masculinity in the Pakistani society through the media representations. The findings of the research indicate that contemporary masculinities in the Pakistani society and media depict a wide range of variation from hegemonic masculinity to hybrid masculinity, inclusive masculinity and queer masculinity.
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Waris, Ammal, Sadia Arshad, and Asmat Nawaz Khattak. "Sustainability Through Collaborative Consumption Practices." Journal of Asian Development Studies 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 453–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.38.
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"Online fashion renting" is how the sharing economy concept has emerged in the fashion sector. Online fashion rentals are now acceptable and accessible thanks to the growth of collaborative consumption in the clothes sector and technological advancements, accelerating consumer demand for more reasonably priced and environmentally friendly fashion items. The current study determines how the expectancy-value plays a vital role in developing behavioral beliefs that may cause favorable attitudes and intentions toward online renting. The research applies a quantitative approach; a conceptual framework is proposed based on the theory of planned behavior and expectancy value theory. Data was gathered from 320 fashion users renting items from social media and rental outlets via survey. The results revealed that growing awareness of online fashion rental in Pakistan has not only made it convenient for the customer, but these rental services also support giving a second life to fashion items that have been disposed of after the low frequency of use due to short life cycles and frequent updates of fashion. This study provides guidelines for renters and rentals as the success of fashion renting depends on consumer awareness, and its acceptance in the Pakistani market for customer communication can play a vital role in creating trust regarding online fashion renting.
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Bhutto, Sarfaraz Ahmed, Saifullah Shaikh, Hussain Amar, Qamar Abbas Mangi, and Qaisar Abbas. "What Raises Purchase Intention of Customers? An Extension in Perspective of Nostalgic Marketing." Journal of Social Sciences Advancement 2, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/jssa21-020405-26.
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Emotions are considered as the real inner perception of a person. Emotions can never be ignored or completely eliminated from one’s life. The point of emotion like nostalgia has immense importance in our social life and the concept of nostalgia has a great shift from organizational environment to expanding marketing world. This research aimed to determine the purchase intention as outcome of nostalgic emotions of customers. This study finds the mediating effect of attachment and attitude in between nostalgic emotions and purchase intention. The data for this research was collected from the customers of Toyota and Honda motors located in two metropolitan cities of Pakistan (i.e Karachi and Lahore). The research has used non-probability sampling technique and cross-sectional research design was adopted. Furthermore, the adopted and modified questionnaire was used as survey instrument. The statistical outcomes were drawn from robust statistical technique, covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM). The results show that nostalgic emotion has positive and significant effect on purchase intention of customers. Moreover, mediating effect of attitude and attachment was confirmed in between nostalgic emotion and purchase intention. Consequently, this study confirmed that organizations should work on customer attitude and attachment which are the possible causes of nostalgic emotion, it may sufficiently increases customers’ purchase intention.
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Rahman, Akim M. "Voluntary insurance for rapid growth digital banking: Seeking attentions for policy-design in Pakistan-economy." BRICS Journal of Economics 5, no. 1 (April 5, 2024): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/brics-econ.5.e121606.
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In today’s business-driven world, e-banking service is an important product in financial sectors of many countries and Pakistan is no exception. Many affect the delivery of these services, often unpredictable, factors and are fraught with serious pitfalls including those of psychological nature. The Voluntary Insurance scheme can help the country overcome existing difficulties and move closer to a cashless society, contributing to the growth of the banking sector and safety of the e-banking operations in Pakistan. The new e-banking legal products are expected to gratify consumers, make the banks stronger, and contribute to the overall social development; the proposed Voluntary Insurance is to guarantee their success. The Welfare Analyses have been used for setting the VI prices so that the customers’ efficiency-cost balance could become appealing. Once the policymakers and policy practitioners of Pakistan recognize the importance of the proposed VI product and make the necessary arrangements for its use in the e-banking services market, it may spread from bankers to their customers and thus over the whole economy. The process of life cycle of the VI product will follow the “S-curve” in progression. These developments will become drivers of economic growth and e-services will eventually replace traditional banking.
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Ahmad, Nisar, Bilal Nafees, and Hasan Kamran. "Determinants of Customers' Behavior for the Adoption of Green Banking Products and Services: UTAUT Model-Based Explanation." Academic Journal of Social Sciences (AJSS ) 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 062–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/ajss.2023.07022018.
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Increasing environmental concerns worldwide have spurred individuals and firms to emphasize eco-friendly practices in every walk of life. This study investigates the implication of the UTAUT model in the adoption of green banking products and services by customers in Pakistan. This study also explores behavioral intention as a mediator between explanatory variables and customers' behavior for the adoption of green banking practices. This quantitative study used convenience sampling and structured self-administered questionnaires for data collection. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was employed on the data collected from 305 customers of commercial and the results revealed a significant impact of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, enabling situation, conditional values, and emotional values on customers’ intention and behavior toward green banking practices. Moreover, facilitating conditions and social influence positively affect customers’ adoption of green banking products and services. Behavioral intention also fully mediates the link between performance expectancy, conditional values, emotional values, and usage behavior. Thus, bank management should consider these factors when creating green banking products and services. The current study focused on the customer perspective only, undoubtedly, it is very pivotal to understand the behavior of customers about green banking. But for a holistic coverage of the factors influencing the adoption of green banking, future research might focus on varied perspectives including bank management, bank employees, and SBP by using both quantitative and qualitative methods.
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Rafida Nawaz, Aniqua Munawar, and Muhammad Kamran Fiaz. "Ghettoising the Elite: Analysing Class Divide and Social Status in DHA YouTube Adverts." PERENNIAL JOURNAL OF HISTORY 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 26–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v4i1.138.
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In growing consumerist societies, advertising is one of the strongest tools the postmodern age has produced for controlling and manipulating the masses. This study aims at revealing the ideologies embedded in a purposively-selected sample of two YouTube adverts of the Defence Housing Authority in Multan and Bahawalpur. Employing as groundwork Foucault's theory of discourse contributing to social change and actively interpellating its consumer, this study conducts a multimodal critical discourse analysis of the selected ads. The textual and visual analysis showed that the selected adverts are fraught with cultural and social ideologies prevalent in South Punjab and Pakistan. By using various semiotic resources, the adverts purposely perpetuate a traditional patriarchal family structure, a system of class division and status privilege by excluding people from the lower classes, naturalising an elitist narrative, and associating happiness with wealth and riches. By putting forth the idealised and glamorised images of wealth, they instil in the audience an urge to achieve such a life. In doing so, the adverts construct their potential customers and contribute to maintaining the status-quo.
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Aniqua Munawar, Rafida Nawaz, and Muhammad Kamran Fiaz. "Ghettoising the Elite: Analysing Class Divide and Social Status in DHA YouTube Adverts." PERENNIAL JOURNAL OF HISTORY 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 26–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v4i1.139.
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In growing consumerist societies, advertising is one of the strongest tools the postmodern age has produced for controlling and manipulating the masses. This study aims at revealing the ideologies embedded in a purposively-selected sample of two YouTube adverts of the Defence Housing Authority in Multan and Bahawalpur. Employing as groundwork Foucault's theory of discourse contributing to social change and actively interpellating its consumer, this study conducts a multimodal critical discourse analysis of the selected ads. The textual and visual analysis showed that the selected adverts are fraught with cultural and social ideologies prevalent in South Punjab and Pakistan. By using various semiotic resources, the adverts purposely perpetuate a traditional patriarchal family structure, a system of class division and status privilege by excluding people from the lower classes, naturalising an elitist narrative, and associating happiness with wealth and riches. By putting forth the idealised and glamorised images of wealth, they instil in the audience an urge to achieve such a life. In doing so, the adverts construct their potential customers and contribute to maintaining the status-quo.
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Shafiq, Amar, Hina Saleem, Sidra Sajid, and Nusrat Bashir. "Unveiling the Determinants of Islamic Mobile Banking Adoption: Evidence from Pakistan." Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (March 30, 2024): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v7i1.363.
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Mobile Banking is a cutting-edge technological innovation in the banking industry that has greatly increased banking efficiency and boosted the overall quality of life for individuals. Financial firms are increasingly attracted to systems that enhance the quality of client service. This study aims to further our understanding of the adoption of Islamic mobile banking by utilizing the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM). This study presents a research approach that utilizes the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to investigate the factors that influence consumers' adoption of Islamic mobile banking. Consequently, it offers insights into the crucial factors that banking professionals must take into account to promote the integration of mobile technology in Islamic banking services. The data for this study were collected by a questionnaire survey and then analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS 3.0, utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). The study sample comprised 350 individuals who were customers of various branches of five Islamic banks, namely Meezan Bank Limited, Dubai Islamic Bank, Al-Baraka Bank Limited, MCB Islamic Bank Limited, and Bank AlFalah Islamic. After conducting data screening procedures, a final sample of 300 respondents was selected for analysis. The findings indicate that characteristics such as Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) have a positive influence on the Intention to Use (INT), supporting the notion that PU has a positive impact on PEOU according to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The research findings suggest that customers' adoption of Islamic banking is positively influenced by their intentions to utilize it, and these intentions are further enhanced by social influence.
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Pamir, Ehsanullah, Asadullah Waheedi, and Khalid Ahmad Habib. "Some Aspects of Pashtun Culture." Randwick International of Social Science Journal 4, no. 3 (July 31, 2023): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v4i3.710.
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Pashtun culture is a rich and diverse culture that has been shaped by centuries of history and tradition. Often referred to as Pashtunwali, this culture encompasses every aspect of daily life, from social norms and customs to religious practices and cuisine. As an ethnic group, the Pashtun people are primarily located in Afghanistan and Pakistan. They are known for their proud and distinctive culture that emphasizes loyalty, hospitality, and respect for the Pashtun code of conduct. A central aspect of Pashtun is the Pashtunwali, which is the traditional code of conduct of the Pashtun people. Derived from the Pashto language, this code emphasizes concepts like courage, honor, and hospitality, and serves as a guide for how Pashtuns should conduct their lives. Hospitality is one of the most valued traits in Pashtun culture, and guests are treated with the utmost respect and care. This tradition dates back to the times of the ancient Silk Road, when traveling merchants of all backgrounds would stop at the Pashtuns' homes and receive food, shelter, and care. Music and dance are also cherished in Pashtun culture, with traditional instruments like the rubab (a lute-like instrument) and tabla (a percussion instrument) used to create melodic and rhythmic pieces. The attan, a traditional dance, is common at weddings, religious festivals, and other celebrations. The Pashtuns are a primarily Muslim community, and religion is deeply ingrained in their culture. Islamic practices like praying five times a day, fasting during Ramadan, and giving to charity are all important parts of life for Pashtuns. However, Pashtunwali also places a strong emphasis on tolerance and respect for other religions, and there is a long history of coexistence between different faiths in the region.
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Parveen, Nuzhath. "Higher Education, Policy, Research and Community development: A case study of Muslim female college students at Gulbarga city." Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal 02, no. 02 (April 1, 2024): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.59231/edumania/9036.
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In our national perception, education is essential for all; this is fundamental to our all-round development, material and spiritual. Education has an acculturating role. It refines sensitivities and perception that contribute to national cohesion, a scientific temper and independence of mind and spirit. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial and religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. Since religion is one phase of people ’s culture groups of this type may be classified with ethnic minorities. Thus, Hindu are minorities in Pakistan, Muslim in India protestants in Italy, and Roman Catholics in the United States. Thus, the minorities, group of people who are held together by ties of common descent, physical characteristics, tradition, custom, language or religion or any combination of these and who in relation to some other group with which they are associated, occupy a subordinate status, receive differential treatment, and are excluded from full participation in the life and culture of the society of which they are a part. In the present work, an attempt has made to mirror the social and higher educational status of Muslim women by selecting Research topic Higher Education, policy Research and community development, A case study of Muslim female college students at Gulbarga city.
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Meidayati, Anis Wahyu. "Impact of Telecommunication Infrastructure, Market Size, Trade Openness and Labor Force on Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN." Journal of Developing Economies 2, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jde.v2i2.6677.
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AbstractForeign Direct Investment (FDI) in recent years has created a positive impact for ASEAN countries. FDI give spillover effects that directly contribute capital improvements, technological developments, and global market access, also skills and managerial transfers. In order to attract FDI inflow into country, ASEAN member countries need to know what factors which attract investment related to the needs of infrastructure types and other factors. The purpose of this study is examine the determinant of FDI in ASEAN countries. This research method used is panel data regression period 2005-2015 from 10 countries in ASEAN. The results showed simultaneously and partially telecommunication infrastructure, market size, trade openness, and labor force variable have significant relationship with FDI inflows in ASEAN countries.Keywords: panel data regression, telecommunication infrastructure, market size, trade openness, labor force, FDI.ReferencesAppleyard, DR. Field, JF. and Cobb, SL. 2008. International Economics. New York: McGraw-Hill.Azam, Muhammad. 2010. “Economic Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Armenia, Kyrgyz Republic and Turkmenistan: Theory and Evidence”, Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics. 3 (6), 27-40.Botric, Valerija. 2006. “Main Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in the Southeast European Countries”, Transition Studies Review. Vol. 13(2): 359–377.Calderon, C., and Serven, L., 2010. “Infrastructure and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa”, Journal of African Economies. Vol.19(4): 13-87.Carbaugh, Robert J. 2008. International Economics. Edisi Kedelapan. South Western: Thomson Learning.Chakrabarti, A. 2001. “The Determinant of Foreign Direct Investment: Sensivity Analysses of Cross-Country Regression”, International Symposium on Sustainable Development. Vol 54 (1):89-114.Demirhan, E., & Masca, M. 2008. Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Flows. Prague Economic Papers.Dutt, Pushan, et all. 2007. “International trade and unemployment: Theory and cross-national evidence”, Journal of International Economics. Volume 78(1): 32-44.Gharaibeh, A. M. 2015. “The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment-Empirical Evidence from Bahrain”, International Journal of Business and Social Science. Vol. 6(8): 94-106.Grigg, N. 2000. Infrastructure System Management & Optimazation. Working Paper of Internasional Civil Engineering Departement Diponegoro University.Hirsch, Caitlin E. 1976. Macroeconomics, Politics and Policy: The Determinants of Capital Flows to Latin America. Texas Tech University.Hymer, Stephen Herbert. 1976. The International Operations of National Firms: A Study of Direct Foreign Investment (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA), MIT Department of Economics PhD thesis originally presented 1960.Kaliappan, Shivee Ranjanee et all. 2013. “Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Southern Africa Customs Union (SACU) Countries”, International Journal of Economics and Management. Vol 7(1): 136 – 149.Kurniati, Y., A. et al. 2007. Determinan FDI (Faktor-faktor yang Menentukan Investasi Asing Langsung). Jakarta: Bank Indonesia.Mughal, M.M., & Akram, M. 2011. “Does Market Size Affect FDI? The Case of Pakistan”, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business. Vol. 2(9): 237-247.Nasir, S. 2016. “FDI in India’s Retail Sector: Opportunities and Challenges”, Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. Vol: 23(3): 155-125.Novianti, Tanti et all. 2014. “The Infrastructure’s Influence on the Asean Countries’ Economic Growth”, Journal of Economics and Development Studies. Vol. 2(4):243-254.Rehman, C. A., Ilyas, M., Alam, H. M., & Akram. M., (2011). “The impact of Infrastructure on Foreign Direct Investment: The case of Pakistan”, International Journal of Business and Management. Vol.6(5): 184-197.Salvatore, D. 2007. International Economics. United States: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Sarna, Ritash. 2005. The impact of core labour standards on Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia. Working Paper of the Japan Institute No. 1789.Shah, Mumtaz Hussain. 2014. The Significance of Infrastructure for Fdi Inflow in Developing Countries. Journal of Life Economics. Vol. 3(5):1-16.Shah, Mumtaz Hussain., and Khan, Yahya. 2016. Trade Liberalisation and FDI Inflow in Emerging Economies. Business & Economic Review. Vol 2(1): 35-52.Todaro, Michael P. and Smith, Stephen C. 2011. Economic Development. Ninth Edition. United States: Addison Wesley.Umoru, D. & Yaqub, J.O. 2013. “Labour productivity and Human capital in Nigeria: The empirical evidence”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol. 3(4). 199-221.Vernon, R. (1966). “The product cycle hypothesis in a new international environment”, Oxford bulletin of economics and statistics. Vol 41(4), 255-267.World Bank. 2015. World Development Indicator 2015.Zeb, Nayyra et all. 2015. “Telecommunication Infrastructure and Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan: An Empirical Study”, Global Journal of Management and Business Research. Vol. 14(4): 117-128.
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Mcclintock, Wayne. "A Sociological Profile of the Christian Minority in Pakistan." Missiology: An International Review 20, no. 3 (July 1992): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969202000302.
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Although the ethnic origins of Pakistani Christians are diverse, the great majority of them are Punjabis. Very aware of their minority status within an Islamic state, many Christians overlook the customs and social institutions that they share in common with Muslims of the same ethnic background. The first part of this article discusses the geographical distribution, the ethnic composition, and the religious and social identity of Pakistani Christians, while the second part reveals how four important aspects of Punjabi culture—worldview, biraderi and family orientation, izzat, and patron-client relationships—influence social behavior within the Christian community.
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Maqsood, Ammara. "The Social Life of Rumors." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 39, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 462–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-7885414.
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Abstract In the aftermath of 9/11, with respect to the US-led invasion of Afghanistan, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan have been the site of immense violence and destruction, including from US drone attacks, ground military operations by the Pakistan Army, and retaliatory attacks by different factions of Taliban fighters. Using uncertainty as an analytic and ethnographic concept, this article traces the social life of the rumors, conspiracy theories, and stories that float around this violence. It draws attention to their multiple and often contradictory effects: rumors simultaneously breed fear and confusion, help forge intimacy, and provide certainty and coherence. Rather than subvert power relations or simply critique the powerful, I suggest that rumors and conspiracy theories provide the means through which tribal Pashtuns live and make their way in a social world in which they remain unequal, but coeval, participants.
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Ali, Muhammad, and Nuzhat Akram. "Honour Killing: Justified or Crime in the Context of Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (September 8, 2018): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjass.v8i1.487.
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Women constitute about half of the population of Pakistan. The social status of women in Pakistan largely depends upon geographical location and the class from where she belongs to. Situation of Urban women is much better than rural women. According to the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, though women have equal rights like men in the state, but throughout the history she is facing discrimination and even has been killed by her own male family members in the name of so-called "Honour". But the irony is, it is hard to find "Honour" in honour killings. Though the government of Pakistan is serious to solve this problem but ill practices and so-called social customs are big hurdles in the way. The main objective of this research is to highlight such social and cultural evils, those are basic causes of gender inequality and discrimination in Pakistan. It is collective responsibility of our society and state not only to find better solutions of the problem of honour killing but it is also need of time to educate and empower women in Pakistan. So that she may become constructive element of the society.
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Hassnain, Faiza, Fatima Ali, and Nida Zahra. "Status and Rights of Transgender in the Constitution of Pakistan." ANNALS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND PERSPECTIVE 4, no. 1 (April 11, 2023): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/assap.v4i1.223.
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The transgender community of Pakistan is not only deprived of their basic human rights, but they also must meet social, psychological, verbal, and physical abuse. Though a bill was passed to protect the rights of the transgender community in Pakistan in 2018, the stereotypical society has not changed its attitude towards this marginalized community. It is sad to see that the implementation of the act is impossible by society. According to Islam, every human being has the liberty to enjoy commendable social status and every individual is the right to fight for basic human rights. But sadly, our customs and traditions have turned back towards Muslim teachings, and we throw out the socially and sexually indifferent people. We make them a marginalized community and compel them to commit obnoxious acts. This research paper presents a comparison between the social and legal status given to the transgender community in Pakistan.
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Naqvi, Syeda Sughra. "Life, Art, and Politics: Pakistan and Social Misrepresentations." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 25, no. 4 (December 2022): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2022.25.4.105.
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This paper critically analyses how Mohsin Hamid in ‘Discontent and Its Civilizations’ delineates the rupture lines prompted by a decade and a half of tectonic change, from the ‘war on terror’ to the struggles of individuals to maintain humanity in the inflexible physiognomy of repressive ideology, or the apathetic face of globalization. Whether he is discussing ritual love affairs or pop culture, drones or the pattern of day-to-day life in an extended family, he carries us beyond the doomsayer headlines of a perturbed West and a turbulent East and helps to bring a dazzling manifold world within spiritual and intellectual reach. The classifications under which the essays are congregated: Life, Art, and Politics may be considered universal, as the themes of these segments are wide-ranging. Hamid’s nonfiction pieces of writings are deep-rooted in the shifting nature of his homeland. He talks about the way in which Pakistan “plays a recurring role as villain in the horror sub-industry within the news business” (Hamid, 2014). He believes that in Pakistan, Islam has been as a binding force for developing unity for strengthening nationhood. Although Pakistan; “a test bed for pluralism on a globalising planet” (Hamid, 2014), is still struggling for “more pluralism” (Hamid, 2014). American drone attacks have had a deeply detrimental effect by refusing the sovereignty of Pakistan and Pakistani society, and by demanding ‘do more’ to accost the problem of extremists who tyrannize Pakistanis/Muslims or non-Pakistanis/ non-Muslims in the same way. Such social misrepresentations, for some selfish self-interests, neither only shatter the image of a nation in the world, but also play a vital role in transformation of the nation alike with the help of such vague reflections. Pakistan and Islam both need to be reviewed without any “makeup and plastic fangs” (Hamid, 2014) or else future generations will look back at our era and think of us with the same perplexity that we think of those who lived in societies that legalized slavery.
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Shahzad, Dr Jameel Ahmad, Prof Dr Matloob Ahmad, and Muhammad Qasim. "Domestic Violence Supporting Felon Behavior in Pakistan in the Context of Criminal Justice System of Pakistan." International Research Journal of Management and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (September 20, 2021): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53575/irjmss.v2.2(21)19.220-232.
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Women have measured a subject class due to which the incidents of violence i.e. acid throwing, domestic violence, honor killings, structural violence, bride burning (suicide), and gender discrimination against them are common practice in the world but especially in the subcontinent. In Islam, there is no gender discrimination, but despite clear Islamic injunctions, women are being deprived of their basic human rights i.e. education, etc. Due to these Women in the country are facing social, cultural, financial, and psychological tribulations. The government is examining the plight of women like redundant spectators and has not taken necessary remedial measures i.e. increase in women's literacy rate and economic independence to find pragmatic solutions to end the felon behavior. The study will cover personal feelings about gender-based oppression of male counterparts and violations of religion, customs, and traditions.
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Gianfortoni, Emily Wells. "Marriage Customs in Lar: The Role of Women's Networks in Tradition and Change." Iran and the Caucasus 13, no. 2 (2009): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338410x12625876281181.
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AbstractOne reason many traditional Lari customs celebrating life cycle events, such as births, marriages, and pilgrimages were preserved well into the 1970s is that women, particularly the older women, have been the keepers of this knowledge. They maintained the practice of these customs and passed on the knowledge to their daughters and younger members of their social networks. This paper examines Lari marriage practices in the 1970s and contrasts them with earlier customs as reported by older women. It discusses also the role of social networks in maintaining, changing, and passing on marriage customs.
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Maliuha, L. Yu. "PROBLEMS AND IMPROVEMENT AREAS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES EMPLOYEES’ SOCIAL PROTECTION IN UKRAINE." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 4, no. 4 (June 2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392178.
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The article focuses on identifying the needs and opportunities for improving the legal regulation of social protection of customs authorities employees in Ukraine. The paper highlights that today the legal regulation of social protection of customs employees is characterized by a number of problems, including the lack of appropriate inclusive approaches to personnel policy in the customs authorities, which causes risks for employees with disabilities, pregnant employees, etc.; formal and fragmentary delineation of certain measures of customs employees’ social protection in the Customs Code of Ukraine. Unresolved issues of the legal regulation of customs employees’ social protection create additional socio-legal risks for the level of social security of customs personnel, and demotivate the employees, which is an additional factor for the personnel crisis in the public service system. To solve these problems, the author proposes to create and approve the Conception of ensuring the standards for decent work and social security of customs officials for the period up to 2030, which will help to implement an inclusive approach to personnel policy in this government agency by means of ensuring gender equality among employees; creating a healthy psychological climate in the customs authorities; creating conditions for the integration of persons with disabilities and young able-bodied citizens without work experience into the working life by giving them the opportunity to work in the customs authorities. It is also proposed to make a number of amendments to the Customs Code of Ukraine, in particular, to improve the legal regulation of housing for customs officials, medical care and health care of customs officials and their families, including the regulation of funeral assistance for customs officials. The conclusions summarize the results of the research and emphasize the need for further analysis of the legal regulation of customs employees’ social protection in Ukraine.
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Grekov, Ivan, Petr Afonin, and Valentina Dianova. "Digital transformation of customs services and customs control for goods ordered by individuals through global trading platforms and sent in international mail." Russian Journal of Management 8, no. 1 (May 22, 2020): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-1-101-105.
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The article focuses on the process of introducing new-generation digital technologies in the field of economy and social life.
On the basis of new digital technologies already used in the world, the author created a model for improving customs services and customs control.
Using this model in practice will have an impact on preventing cases of violation of customs legislation, as well as increasing the revenue of customs payments to the state budget.
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Mustafa, Sadaf, M. Sadiq Ali Khan, and Ammad Zafar. "Role Of Women In Development Of Pakistan: A Case Study of Women Participation in Labour Force in Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 13, no. 1 (September 8, 2016): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v13i1.192.
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This paper highlights the “role of women in development of Pakistan”. Women participation is very vital for the prosperity of economy of Pakistan. Pakistan is a male dominated society despite the fact that its major population consists of women. In Pakistan the women face lots of obstacles when they want to utilize their skills for the growth and development of the country such as religious, political, social and environmental, although education, health and nutrition are the main issues on the top of list of severe problems. The Pakistani women are neglected and targeted by the customs and values of their families and relationships. The drastic fact is that majority of women of Pakistan live in rural areas as compared to the urban areas where they are treated as animals. However, it is also a fact that currently lots of metropolitan women in all provinces perform marvelous activities for the progress of Pakistan. The study reveals women play dynamic role in boosting economy. We cannot ignore the astonishing performance of women in building developed countries.
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Zhetpysbaev, S. K. "Traditions and Customs of the Kazakh People: Place and Role in the Modernization of Society." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 22, no. 8 (November 28, 2023): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-8-9-19.
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The article analyzes the nature and essence of traditions and customs and their place and role in the modern everyday life of Kazakh people. Based on the outcomes of previous studies of Kazakh history, philosophy, and sociology and on the examination of the national cultural policy, especially the preservation of national culture and the revival of forgotten traditions and customs, it highlights main challenges related to the education in the field of progressive cultural traditions, reveals, reasons of why some of the cultural practices and norms stay alive when others disappearing. The study goal is to show the role of the traditions and customs of the Kazakh people in the revival process of the national culture during the period of social modernization. The article considers traditions and customs as an integral sociocultural dimension of human activity and communication, creating the basis for the entire diversity of cognitive experience. Based on the already published and widely known materials on nomadic and Turkic cultures, traditions, and customs, the author examines connections between historical traditions of the steppe life, their representation in the modern everyday life of the Khazakh people, and their future as a part of the national culture of independent Kazakhstan. For instance, hospitality is a foundational element of both the rites of the nomadic people of the Kazakh steppe and the cultural norms of the contemporary population of Kazakhstan. The article concludes by arguing that customs and traditions are a social mechanism that transfers social values from generation to generation and underlies the basis of national unity and cultural identity of the Kazakh people. Thus, the national culture, containing many traditions, customs, rituals, rituals, is the life-giving environment that can and should serve as a source of national revival for any state, and especially for Kazakhstan. Culture is able to accumulate knowledge and information about the world and pass it on from generation to generation. At the same time, it acts as the social and intellectual memory of a particular nation and humanity in general. Therefore, the purpose of the author during the period of modernization of society is to show the spiritual revival of the national culture of the Kazakh people as an integral part of the world cultural process.
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Resani, Shahjahan. "براہوئی خلقی شاعری ٹی روایت آتاراجی درشانی." Al-Burz 11, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54781/abz.v11i1.45.
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This research paper argued, that the four fathers spared the fundamental knowledge according to their wisdom. The experiences of their daily routine became customs. Those customs made traditions and the tradition leaded the civilization. Objectives of this paper is to disclose the social and psychological characteristics in folklore. This custom originated from the different traditions like, seasonal traveling especially nomadic life opens the customs in shape of folklore, secondly this paper shows the hidden life history and nomadism story of our ancient. Moreover, the saying and proverbs dispenses the wisdom and exercise of daily life. A quantitative approach of research conducted this study. the descriptive methods or research has been adopted to final this study
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R, Singaraja. "Social Vision in Tamil Folklore." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, SPL 2 (February 28, 2022): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s237.
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Folklore reflects biological facts and social customs. Lullabies reveal that childbearing is essential for a husband and wife. If it rains when the rainy sprouting festival and the horse-drawing ceremony are held, not only the plowman of God's grace will be happy that the world has got a pleasant life. It can be seen that the folk cults which were humble originated with causal things. Folk literature refers to the civilization, culture, customs, beliefs and cults of a tribe. Folk songs, stories and proverbs cannot be considered to have originated to please others. It can be seen as an expression of people's feelings of happiness and suffering. Folk literary research has grown into a major field today. In lullabies, the mother's consciousness is abundant. Childbirth is very important in domestic life in society. The man who worshipped nature later created an appearance and worshipped the deity in the mountains, trees and water bodies. The people of the country can see that they worship the gods and their ancestors who protect the town. Folklore can see that birth, marriage and death have rituals and beliefs.
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Frembgen, Jürgen Wasim. "Honour, Shame, and Bodily Mutilation. Cutting off the Nose among Tribal Societies in Pakistan." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 16, no. 3 (November 2006): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186306006444.
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Bodily mutilations, such as nose-cutting, are recorded worldwide from different cultural settings. Hence the custom is not solely an example of “Oriental violence and cruelty” (at times quoted in Orientalist sources from the colonial period). I want to emphasise that I am not arguing from the vantage point of a colonial discourse with its criticism of “degenerate and barbaric” social customs. Instead, this paper deals with the human body as a symbol of society. It is particularly focused on the symbolic significance of nose-cutting and on understanding this violent impulse as a social practice. The underlying notion is that cultural categories, such as “honour” and “shame”, are encoded in body morphology and affect behaviour.
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MOHAN, DIPANKAR. "A Study On The Social Life Of The Ahom Priestly Class." Restaurant Business 118, no. 10 (October 25, 2019): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i10.9575.
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The Ahoms were originally a group of Tai Shans. They brought a distinct culture to Assam peculiar to the Tai culture. Although the Ahoms had their own religious customs and rituals but they did not impose their religion to other tribes and distinctly amalgamated with the culture of the local people. In the time being the Ahoms accepted Hinduism and with the advent of the neo-vaisnavism they almost lost their culture. However the Mohan Deodhai and the Bailungs, the three priestly clans of the Ahoms did not accept Hinduism and maintained their own culture and habits to a great extent. The Ahoms possesses a distinct character regarding the social life. The Ahom priestly classes who were neglected for their denial of acceptance of Hinduism in later part of the Ahom rule, became secluded from the other part of the society. The Mohan, Deodhais and the Bailungs maintained their traditional beliefs and customs in the long period of the Ahom rule and they are still preserving their tradition. So, it is necessary to look at the condition of the Ahom priestly class that how and what extent they could maintain their own culture.
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Dr. Qaisar Bilal and Dr Hussain Muhammad. "HONOUR KILLING IN THE LIGHT OF ISLAMIC LAW AND PREVAILED CUSTOMS IN PAKISTAN." Al-Idah | Shaykh Zayed Islamic Centre, University of Peshawar 37, - 2 (January 12, 2020): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37556/al-idah.037.02.0254.
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Islamic law consists hundreds of rulings that encourages the trends and cultural norms of a society in one or other. Similarly, it also strongly confine such mannerisms and social traits, though considers righteous and good, which affect the order of society and may the cause of rights exploitation of any gender. Sharia’s Teachings counts it illegitimate & unlawful.
“Honour Killing” is one of the prevailed custom across the nation with different local names, extremely brutal act, violating not only sharia’s law but also the reflection of mercilessness and inhumanity. Regrettably, in Pakistan this awful deed is measured as an act of appreciation and is not only regarded likeable and acceptable but also considered a thing to be proud of.
This study mainly focus on highlighting the sharia’s rulings about the nature of Honour killings along with disclosing distractions extent of prevailed custom from the main stream of Islamic law coupled with emphasis on administrative loopholes of the conventional justice system of Government of Pakistan in this regard.
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Yusra Saleem and Komal . "Battered women continue living in abusive relationships in Pakistan." International Journal on Women Empowerment 8 (December 1, 2022): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29052/2413-4252.v8.i1.2022.54-59.
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Cultural practices, societal views, and customs all significantly impact the mental health of women in Pakistan. Religious and ethnic tensions, attitudes that dehumanize women, extended family structures, and the role in-laws play in women's daily life are major issues and stressors. Such actions have severely marginalized Pakistani women, which has had a negative psychological impact. Men can now control women by using violence against them, which has become one of the acceptable methods for doing so. Still, Pakistani women are generally better off than their counterparts when compared to other South Asian nations. No one hypothesis can categorically foresee this tendency on the part of battered women because the problem is little understood and rarely discussed. A review of the domestic violence was conducted to determine the most important factors that forecast a woman's likelihood of staying in or leaving an abusive relationship.
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Bag, Sanjaya Kumar. "Folktales of West Odisha: A Study." Indian Journal of Multilingual Research and Development 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2020): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijmrd2013.
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Folktales are a powerful source of oral tradition. Regional culture, environment, folk customs, customs and traditions, social customs, manners, beliefs, religious sentiments, and supernatural fantasies shape the content. The story also tells the story of the various cunning, conflicting concepts, life and physical creation, and birth mysteries of the groups involved. The article seeks to discuss the traditional and scholarly classification, the performers, and performance of folktales in West Odisha, also concerned with its socio-cultural implications.
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Hussain, Bilawal, Khawaja Arshid Ali, and Dr Mussarat Malik. "Religious and political rights of minorities in constitution of Pakistan and Islamic teachings." Al Khadim Research journal of Islamic culture and Civilization 2, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53575/arjicc.v2.03(21)u1.1-12.
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Islam is the natural and universal religion that permits every creed of world to enjoy the freedom of their own religion, this is a religion which is for all human beings, free of religious boundaries allowing each of the theology, bent of minds, school of thoughts and people around the world. It is beauty of Islam, who cares especially for Non-Muslims as to fulfill their fundamental rights of their religion and society. Islam, the religion is a road map of life, wherein Pakistan, the home land of then Muslims of sub-continent, is found by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah in the name of Islam. Muslims are the largest population in Pakistan living with non-Muslims side by side like Hindus, Budhs, Sikhs, Christians and others. The constitution of Pakistan guards the rights of the minorities in the fields of religio-socio-political rights in the society with greater importance. Religion and politics have immense role in human life, religion is a way to interact with creator and spiritual satisfaction, whereby politics is a way to interact and manage affairs of people ,In the Islam and constitution of Pakistan minorities are given religious freedom and protection. They may perform their religious customs, they may vote any one and they are given special seats in provincial as well as federal government. In this article diverse religious and political rights of minorities are brought into the lights of Islam and construction of Pakistan
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Paz, Carmen Laura. "Cambios y permanencias en la identidad de los Wayuu (Venezuela 1830-1850)." Estudios Latinoamericanos 22 (December 31, 2002): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36447/estudios2002.v22.art11.
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Short fragment (description):
Since the early times Wayuu Indians incorporated into their way of life new cultural elements that allowed them to recreate the influences of other social groups. Meanwhile they preserved values and customs that reinforced their identity such as language, laws, Cosmo vision, customs, and territory.This study allows us to identify various factors that contributed to the survival and vitality of this social group such as social organization, economic diversity, legal legitimization and connection to land.
Short fragment adapted and translated by Michal Gilewski
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Siregar, Dapot, and Yurulina Gulo. "Eksistensi Parmalim Mempertahankan Adat dan Budaya Batak Toba di Era Modern." Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) 6, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/antro.v6i1.16632.
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This paper aims to describe and critically analyze the existence of Parmalim in an effort to maintain Toba Batak customs and culture in the modern era. The problem is focused on the rites of worship and social life of Parmalim in Laguboti and Hutatinggi. The extent to which the Malim religion uses the customs and culture of the Toba Batak in every rite and social life every day as an effort to maintain the customs and culture of the Toba Batak in the modern era. To approach this problem, researchers depart from the reference to the theory of modernity, where in modernity emphasizes rational, which is irrational will be abandoned. In addition, researchers will also approach through the theory of the function of religion, in which in the theory of the function of religion that religion still functions if it is able to provide explanation, spiritual comfort and to bind existing social cohesion. The research method was conducted by the writer through in-depth interviews with several community leaders covering the regions of Laguboti and Hutatinggi and also literature studies.
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Ismail, Zafar H. "Impediments to Social Development in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 4II (December 1, 1999): 717–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i4iipp.717-738.
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The development of infrastructure and the provision of basic services in Pakistan lie in the public domain. The quality of the built infrastructure and the service offered reflect successive governments’ capability as a channel for public sector funds, their role in overall financial and macro-economic planning and management, and their administrative efficiency in implementation, operations and management—in essence the extent to which they are able to adhere to the principles of good and humane governance. Good governance is generally conceived of as the judicious exercise of economic, political and administrative authority in the public and private spheres to manage a country’s affairs at all levels to improve the quality of life of the people. It is a continuing process where divergent opinions and desires are satisfied through compromise and tolerance in a spirit of cooperative action for the mutual benefit of the larger whole. It has three dimensions: one, the political regime; two, the systems and procedures for exercising authority; and three, the capacity of governments [World Bank (1994); UNDP (1997); OECD (1995); Commission on Global Governance (1995)].
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Khan, Sadia. "MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS OF WORKING WOMEN: PAKISTAN’S CASE." Journal for Business Education and Management 1, no. 02 (December 31, 2021): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.56596/jbem.v1i02.24.
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Social and cultural factors have historically kept most women from entering the job market in Pakistan. Working women in Pakistan faces social and economic disadvantages relative to men working in the same field. With the recent challenges in the society caused by increasing feminine population, financial need, and limited educational facilities for girls and women; women tend to enter the job market more than earlier. Still social and cultural factors have kept most women from entering the job market. Considering the situation in Pakistan, this study examined the relationship between work life conflicts, job satisfaction and turnover ratio of female working gender in Pakistan. The data is collected through questionnaire from female staff working in academic institutions, banks, and NGOs operating in Pakistan. Sample size was kept to 350 female staff members to find out the importance of work-life conflict, job satisfaction and job departure. The study found that work-life conflict has a significant impact on job satisfaction.
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Ahmed, Masood. "Pakistan Vision 2025 and Social Health Determinants." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 74, no. 2 (April 29, 2024): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i2.12155.
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Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age that impact their health outcomes. These determinants are shaped by various social, economic,political, environmental, and cultural factors. Pakistan Vision 2025 aims for a society where every Pakistani can have a quality life. The UNDP Human Development Report 2013 ranked Pakistan 146th out of 187 countries on the HDI ranking, which measures health, education and standard of living.1 Pakistan is currently facing serious challenges on various fronts. Social indicators reflect serious deficiencies in education, health and population, gender equity a
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Klym, Andrii-Vitalii. "Customs Policy of Ukraine in the Context of Modern Social Challenges." Democratic governance 29, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/dg2022.01.128.
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Formulation of the problem. At the present stage of development of the Ukrainian state there is a difficult economic situation caused by the pandemic and Russia’s military invasion into Ukraine. Undoubtedly, this affects all spheres of life of Ukrainian society, including the implementation of the customs policy. This provides grounds for the discussion about the objective need to pay more attention to the development and improvement of customs policy, implemented in Ukraine. The key role is given to the state, called to regulate these processes. An effective customs policy must respond flexibly to external threats and counteract quickly all the possible negative consequences of such threats towards strengthening economic interests of the state and maximizing compliance with international rules and requirements in the national customs system. The customs policy is designed to regulate foreign trade and protect of domestic producers, ensure realization of national interests in the field of stimulating the development and restructuring of the national economy. Analysis of recent research and publications. A significant number of scholars study the peculiarities of customs policy implementation and consider this multifaceted phenomenon from different points of view. In particular, it is worth mentioning such scientists as M. Bilukha, O. Hodovanets, T.Yefymenko, I. Kveliashvili, O. Kolomoiets, Martyniuk, O. Mosiakina, V. Pashko, V.Khomutynnik, and others. Their works are devo- ted to the general issues of implementation of the customs policy in Ukraine, the role of cus- toms in the system of state bodies, management of customs activities and customs control. Distinguishing previously unsolved parts of the overall problem. Dynamic changes taking place in Ukrainian society today, in particular, hostilities in Ukraine, determine the need for a deep and unified understanding of the implementation of customs policy in the context of modern challenges, which necessitates further research in this field. Presentation of the main material of the study. The system of customs authorities is designed to implement customs policy in the country on the basis of the principles of territorial organization, foreign economic activity and international cooperation defined in the Constitution. The main legislative act regulating legal relations in the country and, in particular, in the field of customs policy, is the Constitution of Ukraine. A brief overview of the peculiarities of functioning of the customs authorities of developed countries shows their universality and management of tasks far beyond the scope of powers that is inherent in the Ukrainian customs authorities. In other words, customs authorities of Ukraine are characterized by narrow specialization and fulfillment of only those responsibilities that directly belong to the field of customs policy of the state. Foreign experience makes it possible to understand, which direction the Ukrainian state is moving in view of the unification of domestic customs policy. Thus, having chosen the European integration course, Ukraine has embarked on the path of expanding foreign economic ties and deepening cooperation with European countries. Accordingly, the customs policy of Ukraine, based on the legislative and regulatory framework built on European standards and which is designed to regulate legal relations arising between entities when crossing the customs border, gains particular importance. Customs legislation is very dynamic and constantly unified, as the state needs constant integration with the countries of the European Union and deepening relations with them within free economic zones. In particular, emphasis should be placed on Ukraine’s accession to the World Trade Organization. This fact, as well as the European integration aspirations of Ukraine, limit the sovereignty of Ukrainian legislation in the field of customs policy. After all, the World Trade Organization proclaims a course to reducing barriers in trade and exchange of goods and services between the member states, as well as to elimination of non– tariff methods of regulating international economic relations, and the constant reduction of import tariffs. Thus, Ukraine must adjust its legislative and regulatory framework in the field of customs policy to the standards and requirements of the World Trade Organization and the European Union. The following main areas of improvement of customs policy were identified: implementation of international standards and requirements for increasing the level of protection of national interests of the state; simplification of customs procedures to reduce the number of abuse in this area; increasing the efficiency of detection and counteraction to negative phenomena in the field of foreign trade; improving the implementation of foreign economic activities and creating optimal conditions for the participants. Conclusions. Thus, the customs policy in Ukraine has had sufficient regulatory and legislative support in recent decades. At the same time, given Ukraine’s desire to integrate into the European environment, cooperation with the World Trade Organization and other international organizations, it is necessary to increase attention to the regulatory framework of customs relations. Priority of international treaties over domestic Ukrainian legislation indicates the need to unify the legislation of Ukraine and bring it in line with international norms and standards.
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Husain, N., I. B. Chaudhry, M. A. Afridi, B. Tomenson, and F. Creed. "Life stress and depression in a tribal area of Pakistan." British Journal of Psychiatry 190, no. 1 (January 2007): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.022913.
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BackgroundDepression is common in Pakistan but no research on this subject has been reported from the North West Frontier Province (NWFP), host to numerous Afghan refugees.AimsTo measure depressive symptoms and associated features in a population-based sample.MethodA Pushto translation of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) was administered to 471 adults living in a village in one of the federally administered tribal areas. Respondents were also assessed with a life events checklist for social problems, a social support questionnaire and the Brief Disability Questionnaire.ResultsSixty per cent (95/158) of women and 45% (140/313) of men scored 9 or more on the SRQ. High SRQ score was associated with few years of education, higher social problem score, less social support and greater disability. High social problem score was the strongest correlate.ConclusionsThis population reports more depressive symptoms than other communities in Pakistan and this probably reflects the very high degree of social stress experienced in the NWFP, which has been affected by years of turmoil in neighbouring Afghanistan.
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Daulay, Ernita, Dwi Widayati, T. Silvana Sinar, and Bahagia Tarigan. "The Philosophical Meaning of Mandailing Tribe Customs in Ulu Barumun Sub-District in the Use of Flora and Fauna Lexicon: An Ecolinguistic Study." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 10 (July 24, 2024): 4611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/zjrzec92.
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This research discusses the philosophical meaning of Mandailing tribal customs in Ulu Barumun District in the use of flora and fauna lexicon: an ecolinguistic study. This research focuses on the problem, namely what are the philosophical meanings of customs contained in Ulu Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency in the use of flora and fauna lexicon: an ecolinguistic study. The purpose of this study is to describe the philosophical meaning of Mandailing tribal customs in Ulu Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency in the use of flora and fauna lexicon: an ecolinguistic study. The research method used in this research is qualitative with descriptive qualitative research design. The data in this study were collected by conducting direct interviews with 30 informants and direct observation at the research location. The informants chosen in this study are people in Ulu Barumun Subdistrict who have knowledge about customs and understand the use of flora and fauna lexicon in Mandailing tribal customs. There are 25 customs in Ulu Barumun Sub-district in the use of flora and fauna lexicon. The flora and fauna lexicon contained in their customs represents the wealth and values of personal or individual and social life used in daily life. The use of flora and fauna lexicon contained in their customs produces language components that have a very important role in the language system.