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Journal articles on the topic 'PAL encoder'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kang, Bongsoon, Juhyun Kim, and Hoongee Yang. "Design of multi-standard NTSC/PAL video encoder." Current Applied Physics 4, no. 1 (2004): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2003.09.010.

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2

Perkins, G. W., and K. W. Clayton. "A low cost, general purpose S-video, PAL/NTSC encoder." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 38, no. 3 (1992): 512–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/30.156730.

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3

Li, Hong, Li Fang Ye, and Jian Ping Hu. "Booth Array Multiplier Based on Adiabatic Computing." Advanced Materials Research 121-122 (June 2010): 843–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.121-122.843.

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Power-efficient multipliers are essential for low-power signal processing hardware and embedded digital system since they have high switching activity and contain large node capacitances, resulting in large power dissipation. This paper presents an adiabatic Booth array multiplier based on PAL-2N circuits. It is composed of Booth encoders, a multiplier array containing partial product generators and 1-bit (half and full) adders, and a final carry-lookahead adder. Full-custom layouts are drawn. The energy and functional simulations have been performed using the net-list extracted from their lay

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4

Reichert, Angelika I., Xian-Zhi He, and Richard A. Dixon. "Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum): characterization of the four tobacco PAL genes and active heterotetrameric enzymes1." Biochemical Journal 424, no. 2 (2009): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20090620.

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PAL (L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), the first enzyme of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, is often encoded by multigene families in plants. A PCR-based approach was used to isolate cDNA clones corresponding to the four PAL genes of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). By careful comparison of cDNA and genomic clones, a new PAL gene (PAL4) was defined. PCR amplification of PAL sequences from cDNA led to the generation of chimaeric clones between PAL1 and PAL4, and incorrect annotation of PAL4 ESTs (expressed sequence tags) as PAL1 in the EST database has given rise to a randomly shuffled tentative consens

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5

Seung-Ho Oh, Han-Jun Choi, Sung-Woo Kwon, and Moon-Key Lee. "A fully programmable systolic pipelined digital video encoder for NTSC/PAL/PALplus compatibility on a 4:3 screen." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 43, no. 3 (1997): 965–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/30.628774.

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6

Fang, Hao, Ai Hua Li, and Yan Fei Liu. "Design of Embedded Video Monitoring System Based on DM6437." Advanced Materials Research 1003 (July 2014): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1003.249.

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To solve the difficulty of traditional video monitoring system in system upgrade and expansion, an solution of embedded video monitoring system based on DaVinci technology was put forward in this paper. By building the monitoring platform by DM6437 and DSP/BIOS in the solution, TVP5151 was used for receiving video signal in PAL/NTSC formats, and an JPEG Baseline Profile Encoder was integrated for video encoding, and the 10/100M Ethernet transmission function was realized based on NDK. Finally, the system is tested and the result shows that the system can capture and transmit D1 format signal i

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7

Cummins, T., B. Murray та C. Prendergast. "A PAL/NTSC digital video encoder on 0.6-μm CMOS with 66 dB typical SNR, 0.4% differential gain, and 0.2° differential phase". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 32, № 7 (1997): 1091–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4.597299.

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8

Xingyu, Long, Zhang Huifen, Deng Qunxian, et al. "Cloning of MYB10, PAL and UFGT genes from ‘Cuihongli’ and ‘Qiangcuili’." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016505008.

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PAL, UFGT as structural genes and MYB10 as a regulatory gene play an important role in the accumulation of anthocyanins in plants. In this experiment, ‘Cuihongli’ and ‘Qiangcuili’ were used as materials to clone PAL, UFGT and MYB10 related to anthocyanin synthesis by homologous sequence cloning. The results showed that the full length of PAL was 2160 bp, encoding 719 amino acids; the full length of UFGT was 1428 bp, encoding 475 amino acids, and the differences of PAL and UFGT between the two cultivars were one amino acid and three amino acids, respectively. The sequence length of ‘Cuihongli’

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9

Li, Jian-Fu, Wen-Jun Zheng, Li Zeng, Jian-Fu Liu, and Ming-Yuan Wang. "Molecular cloning, expression and sequence analysis of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene from Poncirus trifoliata under iron deficiency." Australian Journal of Botany 62, no. 8 (2014): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14251.

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Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a specific branch point enzyme of primary and secondary metabolism. It is deemed to play a key role in plant development and defence. Homology cloning of the cDNA sequence of PAL gene, Pt-PAL1, from Poncirus trifoliata found a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 2166 bp, with 721 encoded amino acids. The sequence alignment indicated that the amino acid sequence of Pt-PAL1 shared a high identity with PAL genes found in other plants. Both the dominant and catalytic active sites of Pt-PAL1 were similar to PAL proteins observed in Petroselinum crispum. Phyloge

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10

Lambert, M., S. Blanchin-Roland, F. Le Louedec, A. Lepingle, and C. Gaillardin. "Genetic analysis of regulatory mutants affecting synthesis of extracellular proteinases in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica: identification of a RIM101/pacC homolog." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 7 (1997): 3966–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.7.3966.

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Depending on the pH of the growth medium, the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica secretes both an acidic proteinase and an alkaline proteinase, the synthesis of which is also controlled by carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur availability, as well as by the presence of extracellular proteins. Recessive mutations at four unlinked loci, named PAL1 to PAL4, were isolated which prevent alkaline proteinase derepression under conditions of carbon and nitrogen limitation at pH 6.8. These mutations markedly affect mating and sporulation. A dominant suppressor of all four PAL mutations was isolated from a wild-type gen

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11

Pinto-Santini, Delia M., and Nina R. Salama. "Cag3 Is a Novel Essential Component of the Helicobacter pylori Cag Type IV Secretion System Outer Membrane Subcomplex." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 23 (2009): 7343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00946-09.

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ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori strains harboring the cag pathogenicity island (PAI) have been associated with more severe gastric disease in infected humans. The cag PAI encodes a type IV secretion (T4S) system required for CagA translocation into host cells as well as induction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8). cag PAI genes sharing sequence similarity with T4S components from other bacteria are essential for Cag T4S function. Other cag PAI-encoded genes are also essential for Cag T4S, but lack of sequence-based or structural similarity with genes in existing databases

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12

Bhowmik, Pankaj K., and Toshiyuki Matsui. "Changes in Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase Activity and Gene Expression during Storage of Asparagus Spears." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 60, no. 1-2 (2005): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-1-223.

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A cDNA clone coding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) was isolated from a cDNA library prepared from asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis L. cv. Welcome) using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The partial cDNA clone encoded an mRNA of 527 bp and the derived amino acid sequence was found highly homologous to PAL from rice, maize and barley. Northern blot analysis showed an increase of pAS-PAL mRNA until 24 h at 20 °C, which coincided well with PAL activity and fiber development, suggesting that the increase is a response to the wounding associated with harvest.

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13

Carpena, Nuria, Keith A. Manning, Terje Dokland, Alberto Marina, and José R. Penadés. "Convergent evolution of pathogenicity islands in helper cos phage interference." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1707 (2016): 20150505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0505.

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Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) are phage satellites that exploit the life cycle of their helper phages for their own benefit. Most SaPIs are packaged by their helper phages using a headful ( pac ) packaging mechanism. These SaPIs interfere with pac phage reproduction through a variety of strategies, including the redirection of phage capsid assembly to form small capsids, a process that depends on the expression of the SaPI-encoded cpm A and cpm B genes. Another SaPI subfamily is induced and packaged by cos -type phages, and although these cos SaPIs also block the life cyc

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14

Hosain, M. S., R. Ahmed, M. W. Ullah, et al. "Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family (PAL): Genome wide characterization and transcriptional expression in jute (Corchorus olitorius)." Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research 26, no. 02 (2020): 2185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18801/jbar.260220.267.

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Jute is one of the important ligno-cellulose bast fiber crops next to cotton. High lignin content in jute fiber makes hindrances during spinning in the textile industry. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), encoded by multigene family, is the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway which involved in biosynthesis of different secondary metabolites including lignin. A total of 4 PAL genes were identified in jute (Corchorus. olitorius) genome which was being distributed in two chromosomes and clustered into three subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Like PAL genes in other species, CoPAL

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15

Oh, So-Young, Hannah Maier, Jay Schroeder, et al. "Vaccine Protection against Bacillus cereus-Mediated Respiratory Anthrax-Like Disease in Mice." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 3 (2013): 1008–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01346-12.

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ABSTRACTBacillus cereusstrains harboring a pXO1-like virulence plasmid cause respiratory anthrax-like disease in humans, particularly in welders. We developed mouse models for intraperitoneal as well as aerosol challenge with spores ofB. cereusG9241, harboring pBCXO1 and pBC218 virulence plasmids. Compared to wild-typeB. cereusG9241, spores with a deletion of the pBCXO1-carried protective antigen gene (pagA1) were severely attenuated, whereas spores with a deletion of the pBC218-carried protective antigen homologue (pagA2) were not. Anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) immunization raised antibodies

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16

Williams, Jane S., Marie Thomas, and David J. Clarke. "The gene stlA encodes a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase that is involved in the production of a stilbene antibiotic in Photorhabdus luminescens TT01." Microbiology 151, no. 8 (2005): 2543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28136-0.

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Photorhabdus is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. Members of Photorhabdus have a complex life cycle during which the bacterium has a pathogenic interaction with insect larvae whilst also maintaining a mutualistic relationship with nematodes from the family Heterorhabditidae. During growth in the insect, Photorhabdus bacteria produce a broad-spectrum antibiotic identified as 3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene (ST). The biochemical pathway responsible for the production of this antibiotic has not been characterized. In this report, a mutant strain of Photorhabd

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17

Prendergast, G. C., L. E. Diamond, D. Dahl, and M. D. Cole. "The c-myc-regulated gene mrl encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor 1." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 3 (1990): 1265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.3.1265.

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The DNA sequence of the c-myc-regulated gene mrl (G. C. Prendergast and M. D. Cole, Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:124-134, 1989) reveals that it encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), a regulator of extracellular proteolysis. Comparison of the human and mouse PAI-1 promoters and cDNA 3' noncoding regions revealed several highly conserved sequence domains, potential targets for c-myc and other factors influencing PAI-1 expression. We discuss possible roles for PAI-1 in normal and neoplastic cell growth control.

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18

Prendergast, G. C., L. E. Diamond, D. Dahl, and M. D. Cole. "The c-myc-regulated gene mrl encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor 1." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 3 (1990): 1265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.3.1265-1269.1990.

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The DNA sequence of the c-myc-regulated gene mrl (G. C. Prendergast and M. D. Cole, Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:124-134, 1989) reveals that it encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), a regulator of extracellular proteolysis. Comparison of the human and mouse PAI-1 promoters and cDNA 3' noncoding regions revealed several highly conserved sequence domains, potential targets for c-myc and other factors influencing PAI-1 expression. We discuss possible roles for PAI-1 in normal and neoplastic cell growth control.

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19

Yan, Xiaona, Ning Wang, Yaozu Yin, Liren Liu, and Guoqiang Li. "A negabinary encoded matrix - vector multiplication for wavelet transforms." Journal of Optics 28, no. 2 (1997): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0150-536x/28/2/002.

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20

Lin, Ye, Hualan Hou, Yuhang Zhang, and Xilin Hou. "Overexpression of a Pak Choi Gene, BcAS2, Causes Leaf Curvature in Arabidopsis thaliana." Genes 12, no. 1 (2021): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12010102.

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The LBD (Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain) family are a new group of plant-specific genes, which encode a class of transcription factors containing conserved Lateral Organization Boundary (LOB) domains, and play an important role in regulating the adaxial–abaxial polarity of plant leaves. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 2 (AS2) has a typical LOB domain and is involved in determining the adaxial cell fate. In this study, we isolated the BcAS2 gene from the pak choi cultivar “NHCC001”, and analyzed its expression pattern. The results showed that the BcAS2 encoded a protein made up of 2

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21

Mao, Juan, Wei Chi, Min Ouyang, Baoye He, Fan Chen, and Lixin Zhang. "PAB is an assembly chaperone that functions downstream of chaperonin 60 in the assembly of chloroplast ATP synthase coupling factor 1." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 13 (2015): 4152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413392111.

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The chloroplast ATP synthase, a multisubunit complex in the thylakoid membrane, catalyzes the light-driven synthesis of ATP, thereby supplying the energy for carbon fixation during photosynthesis. The chloroplast ATP synthase is composed of both nucleus- and chloroplast-encoded proteins that have required the evolution of novel mechanisms to coordinate the biosynthesis and assembly of chloroplast ATP synthase subunits temporally and spatially. Here we have elucidated the assembly mechanism of the α3β3γ core complex of the chloroplast ATP synthase by identification and functional characterizati

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22

Lazzaroni, Jean-Claude, and Raymond Portalier. "TheexcCgene ofEscherichia coliK-12 required for cell envelope integrity encodes the peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (PAL)." Molecular Microbiology 6, no. 6 (1992): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01523.x.

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23

Lois, Rodrigo, and Klaus Hahlbrock. "Differential Wound Activation of Members of the Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase and 4-Coumarate: CoA Ligase Gene Families in Various Organs of Parsley Plants." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 47, no. 1-2 (1992): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1992-1-216.

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Abstract We analyzed the developmental regulation and the activation by wounding of several stressrelated genes in various parsley organs. The genes encode phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4 CL), two enzymes of general phenylpropanoid metabolism; a flavonoid specific enzyme, chalcone synthase (CHS); a furanocoumarin specific enzyme, bergaptol O-methyltransferase (BMT); and a pathogenesis-related protein (PR 1). All genes or gene families exhibited high levels of expression in roots and during certain stages of leaf development. PAL, 4 CL and CHS were preferentiall

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24

Kolkenbrock, Stephan, Bianca Naumann, Michael Hippler, and Susanne Fetzner. "A Novel Replicative Enzyme Encoded by the Linear Arthrobacter Plasmid pAL1." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 19 (2010): 4935–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00614-10.

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ABSTRACT The soil bacterium Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus Rü61a contains the linear plasmid pAL1, which codes for the degradation of 2-methylquinoline. Like other linear replicons of actinomycetes, pAL1 is characterized by short terminal inverted-repeat sequences and terminal proteins (TPpAL1) covalently attached to its 5′ ends. TPpAL1, encoded by the pAL1.102 gene, interacts in vivo with the protein encoded by pAL1.101. Bioinformatic analysis of the pAL1.101 protein, which comprises 1,707 amino acids, suggested putative zinc finger and topoisomerase-primase domains and part of a superfamily

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25

Cyoia, Paula Signolfi, Gabriela Regina Rodrigues, Erick Kenji Nishio, et al. "Presence of virulence genes and pathogenicity islands in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Brazil." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 9, no. 10 (2015): 1068–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.6683.

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Introduction: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is associated with various diseases such as urinary tract infections, neonatal meningitis and septicemia. There are many virulence factors (VF) encoded by genes in ExPEC, including papC, papG, ecpA, iroN, fyuA, iutA, ompTp, tsh, hlyF, hlyA and iss. These virulence genes may be present in pathogenicity islands (PAI) or plasmids. Methodology: In this study, we analyzed the presence of VF encoding genes, PAI sequences and phylogenetic groups of 96 ExPEC strains isolated from the urine and blood of patients at the University Hospita

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26

Jia, Y., G. Xie, J. B. McDermott, and E. Aamodt. "The C. elegans gene pag-3 is homologous to the zinc finger proto-oncogene gfi-1." Development 124, no. 10 (1997): 2063–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.10.2063.

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Mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans gene pag-3 result in misexpression of touch receptor-specific genes in the BDU interneurons and in motility defects. We cloned pag-3 and found that the gene encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein related to the mammalian GFI-1 protein. Sequencing of the three pag-3 alleles showed that two apparent null alleles encode a nonsense mutation before the zinc fingers and a missense mutation in the fourth zinc finger that changes a coordinating histidine to a tyrosine. The third allele contains a nonsense mutation in the N-terminal region but is not a null alle

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27

Palakurthy, Kayla. "Marking the unexpected." Studies in Language 41, no. 4 (2017): 843–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.16048.pal.

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Abstract Typological discussions of mirativity often consider the relationship between mirativity and evidentiality (DeLancey 1997, 2001; Aikhenvald 2004). However, in interaction speakers mobilize pragmatic extensions of miratives in ways that defy specific categorization. This study analyzes the function and distribution of the Navajo enclitic lá in a Navajo Conversational Corpus (Mithun ed 2015 NSF-DEL project 0853598). The enclitic most frequently functions as an interrogative in information questions (Young & Morgan 1987), but it also encodes mirative senses including surprise, counte

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28

LOWNDES, G. J., M. M. SALING, D. AMES, E. CHIU, L. M. GONZALEZ, and G. R. SAVAGE. "Recall and recognition of verbal paired associates in early Alzheimer's disease." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 14, no. 4 (2008): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617708080806.

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The primary impairment in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) is encoding/consolidation, resulting from medial temporal lobe (MTL) pathology. AD patients perform poorly on cued-recall paired associate learning (PAL) tasks, which assess the ability of the MTLs to encode relational memory. Since encoding and retrieval processes are confounded within performance indexes on cued-recall PAL, its specificity for AD is limited. Recognition paradigms tend to show good specificity for AD, and are well tolerated, but are typically less sensitive than recall tasks. Associate-recognition is a novel PAL task re

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29

Seydel, Anke, Elisabetta Tasca, Duccio Berti, Rino Rappuoli, Giuseppe Del Giudice, and Cesare Montecucco. "Characterization and Immunogenicity of the CagF Protein of the cag Pathogenicity Island of Helicobacter pylori." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 11 (2002): 6468–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.11.6468-6470.2002.

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ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori infection causes severe gastroduodenal diseases in humans. Its virulence is strongly increased by the presence of the cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI). It has been shown that CagA, a major antigen in humans, is translocated to the host cell via a secretion system encoded by the cag PAI. The roles of many of the proteins encoded within the cag PAI are not known. Here we report on the cloning and expression of CagF, one of those proteins. We show that CagF is associated to the outer membrane of H. pylori G27 and that the protein is always expressed with electrophor

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30

Wu, Sheng-Cheng, and Klaus Hahlbrock. "In situ Localization of Phenylpropanoid-Related Gene Expression in Different Tissues of Light- and Dark-Grown Parsley Seedlings." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 47, no. 7-8 (1992): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1992-7-817.

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Using in situ RNA hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques, we investigated the tissue-specific and light-dependent expression of four genes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism in various parts of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) seedlings. The genes encode phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coum arate: CoA ligase (4CL), two enzymes of general phenylpropanoid metabolism; chalcone synthase (CHS), the key enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis; and bergaptol O-methyltransferase (BMT), a late enzyme of the furanocoumarin pathway. In young leaves, PAL and 4 CL genes were expressed predomin

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31

Liao, Ching-Hsing, Larry Revear, Arland Hotchkiss, and Brett Savary. "Genetic and biochemical characterization of an exopolygalacturonase and a pectate lyase fromYersinia enterocolitica." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, no. 5 (1999): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-034.

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Yersinia enterocolitica, an invasive foodborne human pathogen, degrades polypectate by producing two depolymerizing enzymes, pectate lyase (PL) and polygalacturonase (PG). The gene encoding the PG activity, designated pehY, was located in a 3-kb genomic fragment of Y. enterocolitica ATCC 49397. The complete nucleotide sequence of this 3-kb fragment was determined and an open reading frame consisting of 1803 bp was predicted to encode a PG protein with an estimated Mrof 66 kDa and pI of 6.3. The amino acid sequence of prePG showed 59 and 43% identity to that of the exopolygalacturonase (exoPG)

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32

Wang, Hui, Junqing Yang, Changzhi Lv, Ruituo Huai, and Yuxia Li. "Intercollicular nucleus electric stimulation encoded “walk forward” commands in pigeons." Animal Biology 68, no. 2 (2018): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-17000053.

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AbstractThe bio-robot research field is growing. Robo-pigeons have been successfully programmed to turn left or right; however, a satisfactory method of commanding a robo-pigeon to walk forward is still lacking. This problem has become a roadblock to progress in bio-robot research and applications. In mammals, the midbrain periaqueductal gray region (PAG) plays a key role in mediating defensive reactions in response to fear and anxiety. The avian intercollicular nucleus (ICo) is thought to correspond to the PAG. In this study, we found that microstimulating the ICo could successfully induce a

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33

Sangsil, Porntip, Charassri Nualsri, Natthakorn Woraathasin, and Korakot Nakkanong. "Characterization of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) and differential response during Rigidoporus microporus infection." Journal of Plant Protection Research 56, no. 4 (2016): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2016-0056.

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AbstractPhenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is a specific branch point enzyme of primary and secondary metabolism. It plays a key role in plant development and defense mechanisms. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase from Hevea brasiliensis (HbPAL) presented a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 2,145 bp with 721 encoded amino acids. The sequence alignment indicated that the amino acid sequence of HbPAL shared a high identity with PAL genes found in other plants. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that HbPAL was more closely related to PALs in Manihot esculenta and Jatropha curcas than to those from o

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34

Patrauchan, Marianna A., Christine Florizone, Manisha Dosanjh, William W. Mohn, Julian Davies, and Lindsay D. Eltis. "Catabolism of Benzoate and Phthalate in Rhodococcus sp. Strain RHA1: Redundancies and Convergence." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 12 (2005): 4050–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.12.4050-4063.2005.

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ABSTRACT Genomic and proteomic approaches were used to investigate phthalate and benzoate catabolism in Rhodococcus sp. strain RHA1, a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading actinomycete. Sequence analyses identified genes involved in the catabolism of benzoate (ben) and phthalate (pad), the uptake of phthalate (pat), and two branches of the β-ketoadipate pathway (catRABC and pcaJIHGBLFR). The regulatory and structural ben genes are separated by genes encoding a cytochrome P450. The pad and pat genes are contained on a catabolic island that is duplicated on plasmids pRHL1 and pRHL2 and includes pr

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35

GUERRIN, Marina, Akihito ISHIGAMI, Marie-Claire MÉCHIN, et al. "cDNA cloning, gene organization and expression analysis of human peptidylarginine deiminase type I." Biochemical Journal 370, no. 1 (2003): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20020870.

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Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) catalyse a post-translational modification of proteins through the conversion of arginine residues into citrullines. The existence of four isoforms of PAD (types I, II, III and IV) encoded by four different genes, which are distinct in their substrate specificities and tissue-specific expression, was reported in rodents. In the present study, starting from epidermis polyadenylated RNA, we cloned by reverse transcriptase-PCR a full-length cDNA encoding human PAD type I. The cDNA was 2711bp in length and encoded a 663-amino-acid sequence. The predicted protein

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Santoso, Bagus, and Yasutada Oohama. "Information Theoretic Security for Shannon Cipher System under Side-Channel Attacks †." Entropy 21, no. 5 (2019): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21050469.

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In this paper, we propose a new theoretical security model for Shannon cipher systems under side-channel attacks, where the adversary is not only allowed to collect ciphertexts by eavesdropping the public communication channel but is also allowed to collect the physical information leaked by the devices where the cipher system is implemented on, such as running time, power consumption, electromagnetic radiation, etc. Our model is very robust as it does not depend on the kind of physical information leaked by the devices. We also prove that in the case of one-time pad encryption, we can strengt

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Yang, Junhua, Jianan Chen, Maria del Carmen Vitery, et al. "PAC, an evolutionarily conserved membrane protein, is a proton-activated chloride channel." Science 364, no. 6438 (2019): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav9739.

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Severe local acidosis causes tissue damage and pain, and is one of the hallmarks of many diseases including ischemia, cancer, and inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms of the cellular response to acid are not fully understood. We performed an unbiased RNA interference screen and identified PAC (TMEM206) as being essential for the widely observed proton-activated Cl− (PAC) currents (ICl,H). Overexpression of human PAC in PAC knockout cells generated ICl,H with the same characteristics as the endogenous ones. Zebrafish PAC encodes a PAC channel with distinct properties. Knockout of mou

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Fu, Hongyong, Jed H. Doelling, Cassandra S. Arendt, Mark Hochstrasser, and Richard D. Vierstra. "Molecular Organization of the 20S Proteasome Gene Family from Arabidopsis thaliana." Genetics 149, no. 2 (1998): 677–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/149.2.677.

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Abstract The 20S proteasome is the proteolytic complex in eukaryotes responsible for degrading short-lived and abnormal intracellular proteins, especially those targeted by ubiquitin conjugation. The 700-kD complex exists as a hollow cylinder comprising four stacked rings with the catalytic sites located in the lumen. The two outer rings and the two inner rings are composed of seven different α and β polypeptides, respectively, giving an α7/β7/β7/α7 symmetric organization. Here we describe the molecular organization of the 20S proteasome from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. From an analysis of

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Nistala, Ravi, Xiaoji Zhang, and Curt D. Sigmund. "Differential expression of the closely linked KISS1, REN, and FLJ10761 genes in transgenic mice." Physiological Genomics 17, no. 1 (2004): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00205.2003.

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We previously reported the development and characterization of transgenic mice containing a large 160-kb P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) encompassing the renin (REN) locus from human chromosome 1. Here we demonstrate that PAC160 not only encodes REN, but also complete copies of the next upstream (KISS1) and downstream ( FLJ10761 ) gene along human chromosome 1. Incomplete copies of the second upstream (PEPP3) and downstream (SOX13) genes are also present. The gene order PEPP3-KISS1-REN-FLJ10761-SOX13 is conserved in mice containing either one or two copies of the REN locus. Despite the close lo

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Narimatsu, Hiroto, Yasunori Ota, Masahiro Kami, et al. "Clinicopathological Features of Pyothorax-Associated Lymphoma; a Retrospective Survey Involving 98 Patients." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 2445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.2445.2445.

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Abstract Pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder developing in the pleural cavity after a long-standing history of pyothorax. The pathogenesis, clinical features and optimal treatment have not been clarified. To investigate clinicopathological features of pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL), we examined medical records of 98 patients (88 males and 10 females) with PAL at a median age of 70 (range, 51–86). Seventy-nine patients had a history of artificial pneumothorax. Median interval between diagnosis and artificial pneumothorax was 43 years (range, 19–64). At dia

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Zavizion, Boris, Christian W. Heegard, Jeffrey White, Federica Cheli, and Ioannis Politis. "Synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 by bovine mammary epithelial and myoepithelial cell lines." Journal of Dairy Research 63, no. 3 (1996): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900031952.

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SummaryConversion of plasminogen to plasmin provides an important source of proteolytic activity in the bovine mammary gland. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) plays a key role in limiting plasminogen activation. The PAI-1 biosynthetic capabilities of various bovine mammary cells were determined. The immortalized epithelial cell lines MAC-T and BME-UV and the myoepithelial cell line BMM-UV were used as model systems. Northern blot analysis indicated that both epithelial and myoepithelial cells contained PAI-1 mRNA. Bovine PAI-1 was encoded by a single mRNA species ∼ 3·0 kb long. BME-UV

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Asadi, Ehsan, Mohammad Mohammadzadeh, and Mohammad Niakan. "Distribution of Pathogenicity Islands Among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates From Patients With Urinary Tract Infections." International Journal of Enteric Pathogens 8, no. 2 (2020): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.09.

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Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is one of the most common etiologic agent of urinary tract infection (UTI). The ability of Escherichia coli to cause UTI is associated with specific virulence determinants, which are encoded by pathogenicity islands (PAIs). Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the distribution of PAIs among the UPEC isolates collected from patients with UTIs. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 100 E. coli isolates were collected from patients with UTIs using standard microbiological methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the

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Ikegami, Ayako, Keizo Yonemori, Akira Kitajima, Akihiko Sato, and Masahiko Yamada. "Expression of Genes Involved in Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis during Fruit Development in a Chinese Pollination-constant, Nonastringent (PCNA) Persimmon, `Luo Tian Tian Shi'." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 130, no. 6 (2005): 830–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.130.6.830.

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Expression patterns of the genes involved in condensed tannin (CT) biosynthesis during fruit development was investigated in a Chinese pollination-constant, nonastringent (PCNA) persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) `Luo Tian Tian Shi'. The transcript levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) in `Luo Tian Tian Shi' were detected at high levels throughout the fruit growth. Chalcone synthase (CHS) and flavonol 3-hydroxylase (F3H) also continued to be transcribed during fruit growth, although their levels decreased earlier than PAL and DFR. In contrast, expressio

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Bowerman, B., M. K. Ingram, and C. P. Hunter. "The maternal par genes and the segregation of cell fate specification activities in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos." Development 124, no. 19 (1997): 3815–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.19.3815.

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After fertilization in C. elegans, activities encoded by the maternally expressed par genes appear to establish cellular and embryonic polarity. Loss-of-function mutations in the par genes disrupt anterior-posterior (a-p) asymmetries in early embryos and result in highly abnormal patterns of cell fate. Little is known about how the early asymmetry defects are related to the cell fate patterning defects in par mutant embryos, or about how the par gene products affect the localization and activities of developmental regulators known to specify the cell fate patterns made by individual blastomere

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Lei, Zhao, Yun Zeng, Xiaofen Zhang, Xiaoyong Wang, and Gang Liu. "Photoacoustic reporter genes for noninvasive molecular imaging and theranostics." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 13, no. 03 (2020): 2030005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545820300050.

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Noninvasive molecular imaging makes the observation and comprehensive understanding of complex biological processes possible. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a fast evolving hybrid imaging technology enabling in vivo imaging with high sensitivity and spatial resolution in deep tissue. Among the various probes developed for PAI, genetically encoded reporters attracted increasing attention of researchers, which provide improved performance by acquiring images of a PAI reporter gene’s expression driven by disease-specific enhancers/promoters. Here, we present a brief overview of recent studies abo

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WATERHAM, HANS R., YNE VRIES, KIMBERLY A. RUSSELL, WEIQIAO XIE, MARTEN VEENHUIS, and JAMES M. CREGG. "The Pichia pastoris PER6 Gene Encodes the Yeast Homologue of Human PAF-1." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 804, no. 1 Peroxisomes (1996): 773–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb18698.x.

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Le Ribeuz, Hélène, Véronique Capuano, Barbara Girerd, Marc Humbert, David Montani, and Fabrice Antigny. "Implication of Potassium Channels in the Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." Biomolecules 10, no. 9 (2020): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091261.

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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and severe cardiopulmonary disease without curative treatments. PAH is a multifactorial disease that involves genetic predisposition, epigenetic factors, and environmental factors (drugs, toxins, viruses, hypoxia, and inflammation), which contribute to the initiation or development of irreversible remodeling of the pulmonary vessels. The recent identification of loss-of-function mutations in KCNK3 (KCNK3 or TASK-1) and ABCC8 (SUR1), or gain-of-function mutations in ABCC9 (SUR2), as well as polymorphisms in KCNA5 (Kv1.5), which encode two potassiu

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Cameron, Scott, Scott G. Clark, Joan B. McDermott, Eric Aamodt, and H. Robert Horvitz. "PAG-3, a Zn-finger transcription factor, determines neuroblast fate in C. elegans." Development 129, no. 7 (2002): 1763–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.7.1763.

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During Caenorhabditis elegans development, the patterns of cell divisions, cell fates and programmed cell deaths are reproducible from animal to animal. In a search for mutants with abnormal patterns of programmed cell deaths in the ventral nerve cord, we identified mutations in the gene pag-3, which encodes a zinc-finger transcription factor similar to the mammalian Gfi-1 and Drosophila Senseless proteins. In pag-3 mutants, specific neuroblasts express the pattern of divisions normally associated with their mother cells, producing with each reiteration an abnormal anterior daughter neuroblast

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Fan, M. W., Z. Bian, Z. X. Peng, et al. "A DNA Vaccine Encoding a Cell-surface Protein Antigen of Streptococcus mutans Protects Gnotobiotic Rats from Caries." Journal of Dental Research 81, no. 11 (2002): 784–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0810784.

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A cell-surface protein antigen (PAc) of Streptococcus mutans is considered a virulence factor because it may mediate initial attachment of Streptococcus mutans to tooth surfaces. Thus, inhibiting PAc is predicted to provide protection against caries. To develop vaccines against dental caries, we constructed a DNA vaccine, pCIA-P, which encodes two high-conservative regions of PAc. Expression of the recombinant protein was obtained in eukaryotic cells in vitro and in vivo. In this report, we provide evidence that fewer caries lesions, and high levels of PAc-specific salivary IgA antibody and se

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Parreira, V. R., and C. L. Gyles. "A Novel Pathogenicity Island Integrated Adjacent to the thrW tRNA Gene of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Encodes a Vacuolating Autotransporter Toxin." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 9 (2003): 5087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.9.5087-5096.2003.

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ABSTRACT We report the complete nucleotide sequence and genetic organization of the Vat-encoding pathogenicity island (PAI) of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strain Ec222. The 22,139-bp PAI is situated adjacent to the 3′ terminus of the thrW tRNA gene, has a G+C content of 41.2%, and includes a bacteriophage SfII integrase gene, mobile genetic elements, two open reading frames with products exhibiting sequence similarity to known proteins, and several other open reading frames of unknown function. The PAI encodes an autotransporter protein, Vat (vacuolating autotransporter toxin), which ind

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