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Journal articles on the topic 'Paleo-proxy records'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Feng, Xiangxiang, Yan Yang, Hai Cheng, et al. "The 7.2 ka climate event: Evidence from high-resolution stable isotopes and trace element records of stalagmite in Shuiming Cave, Chongqing, China." Holocene 30, no. 1 (2019): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619875809.

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Speleothem records have radically changed our understanding of the paleo Asian monsoon (AM), but explanations for Asian summer monsoon (ASM) variations in the Holocene period are usually based on single proxy records, such as oxygen isotope (δ18O). The application of multi-proxy records to the study of the forcing mechanism and internal structure of climate events is more comprehensive and accurate in the analysis of paleoclimates than using single proxy records. Therefore, a multi-proxy speleothem record of weak ASM events in 8.0–7.0 BP from Chongqing, which showed a dry southwestern China du

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Hoogakker, Babette A. A., Catherine Davis, Yi Wang, et al. "Reviews and syntheses: Review of proxies for low-oxygen paleoceanographic reconstructions." Biogeosciences 22, no. 4 (2025): 863–957. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-863-2025.

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Abstract. A growing body of observations has revealed rapid changes in both the total inventory and the distribution of marine oxygen over the latter half of the 20th century, leading to increased interest in extending oxygenation records into the past. The use of paleo-oxygen proxies has the potential to extend the spatial and temporal range of current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provide datasets necessary to test climate models under different boundary conditions, and ultimately understand how ocean oxygenation responds beyond decadal-scale changes. This review seeks to s

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3

Dolman, Andrew M., Torben Kunz, Jeroen Groeneveld, and Thomas Laepple. "A spectral approach to estimating the timescale-dependent uncertainty of paleoclimate records – Part 2: Application and interpretation." Climate of the Past 17, no. 2 (2021): 825–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-825-2021.

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Abstract. Proxy climate records are an invaluable source of information about the earth's climate prior to the instrumental record. The temporal and spatial coverage of records continues to increase; however, these records of past climate are associated with significant uncertainties due to non-climate processes that influence the recorded and measured proxy values. Generally, these uncertainties are timescale dependent and correlated in time. Accounting for structure in the errors is essential for providing realistic error estimates for smoothed or stacked records, detecting anomalies, and id

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McGregor, S., A. Timmermann, M. H. England, O. Elison Timm, and A. T. Wittenberg. "Inferred changes in El Niño-Southern Oscillation variance over the past six centuries." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 3 (2013): 2929–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-2929-2013.

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Abstract. It is vital to understand how the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has responded to past changes in natural and anthropogenic forcings, in order to better understand and predict its response to future greenhouse warming. To date, however, the instrumental record is too brief to fully characterize natural ENSO variability, while large discrepancies exist amongst paleo-proxy reconstructions of ENSO. These paleo-proxy reconstructions have typically attempted to reconstruct the full temporal variability of ENSO, rather than focusing simply on its variance. Here a new approach is devel

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Bracegirdle, Thomas J., Florence Colleoni, Nerilie J. Abram, et al. "Back to the Future: Using Long-Term Observational and Paleo-Proxy Reconstructions to Improve Model Projections of Antarctic Climate." Geosciences 9, no. 6 (2019): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9060255.

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Quantitative estimates of future Antarctic climate change are derived from numerical global climate models. Evaluation of the reliability of climate model projections involves many lines of evidence on past performance combined with knowledge of the processes that need to be represented. Routine model evaluation is mainly based on the modern observational period, which started with the establishment of a network of Antarctic weather stations in 1957/58. This period is too short to evaluate many fundamental aspects of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean climate system, such as decadal-to-century t

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Verbitsky, Mikhail Y. "Inarticulate past: similarity properties of the ice–climate system and their implications for paleo-record attribution." Earth System Dynamics 13, no. 2 (2022): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-13-879-2022.

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Abstract. Reconstruction and explanation of past climate evolution using proxy records is the essence of paleoclimatology. In this study, we use dimensional analysis of a dynamical model on orbital timescales to recognize theoretical limits of such forensic inquiries. Specifically, we demonstrate that major past events could have been produced by physically unsimilar processes making the task of paleo-record attribution to a particular phenomenon fundamentally difficult if not impossible. It also means that any future scenario may not have a unique cause and, in this sense, the orbital timesca

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Jalali, Bassem, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Julien Azuara, Violaine Pellichero, and Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout. "Influence of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre circulation on the 4.2 ka BP event." Climate of the Past 15, no. 2 (2019): 701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-701-2019.

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Abstract. The 4.2 ka BP event, spanning from ca 4200 to 3900 cal BP, has been documented in numerous archaeological data and continental archives across the Northern Hemisphere as an abrupt shift to dry and cold climate. However, data on synchronous ocean circulation changes are notably lacking, thus preventing us from getting a full insight into the physical mechanisms responsible for this climate deterioration. Here, we present two high-resolution (5–20 years) sea surface temperature (SST) records from the subpolar gyre and off north Iceland in the vicinity of the polar front obtained from a

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Routson, Cody C., Darrell S. Kaufman, Nicholas P. McKay, et al. "A multiproxy database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 4 (2021): 1613–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1613-2021.

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Abstract. Holocene climate reconstructions are useful for understanding the diverse features and spatial heterogeneity of past and future climate change. Here we present a database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records. The database gathers paleoclimate time series from 184 terrestrial and marine sites, including 381 individual proxy records. The records span at least 4000 of the last 12 000 years (median duration of 10 725 years) and have been screened for resolution, chronologic control, and climate sensitivity. Records were included that reflect temperature, hydroclimate,

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9

McGregor, S., A. Timmermann, M. H. England, O. Elison Timm, and A. T. Wittenberg. "Inferred changes in El Niño–Southern Oscillation variance over the past six centuries." Climate of the Past 9, no. 5 (2013): 2269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2269-2013.

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Abstract. It is vital to understand how the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has responded to past changes in natural and anthropogenic forcings, in order to better understand and predict its response to future greenhouse warming. To date, however, the instrumental record is too brief to fully characterize natural ENSO variability, while large discrepancies exist amongst paleo-proxy reconstructions of ENSO. These paleo-proxy reconstructions have typically attempted to reconstruct ENSO's temporal evolution, rather than the variance of these temporal changes. Here a new approach is developed

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Konecky, Bronwen L., Nicholas P. McKay, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova) та ін. "The Iso2k database: a global compilation of paleo-<i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O and <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H records to aid understanding of Common Era climate". Earth System Science Data 12, № 3 (2020): 2261–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2261-2020.

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Abstract. Reconstructions of global hydroclimate during the Common Era (CE; the past ∼2000 years) are important for providing context for current and future global environmental change. Stable isotope ratios in water are quantitative indicators of hydroclimate on regional to global scales, and these signals are encoded in a wide range of natural geologic archives. Here we present the Iso2k database, a global compilation of previously published datasets from a variety of natural archives that record the stable oxygen (δ18O) or hydrogen (δ2H) isotopic compositions of environmental waters, which

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Dolman, Andrew M., and Thomas Laepple. "Sedproxy: a forward model for sediment-archived climate proxies." Climate of the Past 14, no. 12 (2018): 1851–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1851-2018.

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Abstract. Climate reconstructions based on proxy records recovered from marine sediments, such as alkenone records or geochemical parameters measured on foraminifera, play an important role in our understanding of the climate system. They provide information about the state of the ocean ranging back hundreds to millions of years and form the backbone of paleo-oceanography. However, there are many sources of uncertainty associated with the signal recovered from sediment-archived proxies. These include seasonal or depth-habitat biases in the recorded signal; a frequency-dependent reduction in th

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Bowen, Gabriel J., Brenden Fischer-Femal, Gert-Jan Reichart, Appy Sluijs, and Caroline H. Lear. "Joint inversion of proxy system models to reconstruct paleoenvironmental time series from heterogeneous data." Climate of the Past 16, no. 1 (2020): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-65-2020.

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Abstract. Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstructions are fundamentally uncertain because no proxy is a direct record of a single environmental variable of interest; all proxies are indirect and sensitive to multiple forcing factors. One productive approach to reducing proxy uncertainty is the integration of information from multiple proxy systems with complementary, overlapping sensitivity. Mostly, such analyses are conducted in an ad hoc fashion, either through qualitative comparison to assess the similarity of single-proxy reconstructions or through step-wise quantitative interpret

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Huiskamp, Willem, and Shayne McGregor. "Quantifying Southern Annular Mode paleo-reconstruction skill in a model framework." Climate of the Past 17, no. 5 (2021): 1819–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1819-2021.

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Abstract. Past attempts to reconstruct the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) using paleo-archives have resulted in records which can differ significantly from one another prior to the window over which the proxies are calibrated. This study attempts to quantify not only the skill with which we may expect to reconstruct the SAM but also to assess the contribution of regional bias in proxy selection and the impact of non-stationary proxy–SAM teleconnections on a resulting reconstruction. This is achieved using a pseudoproxy framework with output from the GFDL CM2.1 global climate model. Reconstruction

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Walter, Rachel M., Hussein R. Sayani, Thomas Felis та ін. "The CoralHydro2k database: a global, actively curated compilation of coral δ¹⁸O and Sr ∕ Ca proxy records of tropical ocean hydrology and temperature for the Common Era". Earth System Science Data 15, № 5 (2023): 2081–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2081-2023.

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Abstract. The response of the hydrological cycle to anthropogenic climate change, especially across the tropical oceans, remains poorly understood due to the scarcity of long instrumental temperature and hydrological records. Massive shallow-water corals are ideally suited to reconstructing past oceanic variability as they are widely distributed across the tropics, rapidly deposit calcium carbonate skeletons that continuously record ambient environmental conditions, and can be sampled at monthly to annual resolution. Climate reconstructions based on corals primarily use the stable oxygen isoto

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Rentier, Eline S., Ondřej Mottl, L. Camila Pacheco-Riaño, et al. "Global variability in LGM cooling amongst paleoclimate datasets affects biome reconstructions in mountains." Frontiers of Biogeography 18 (May 29, 2025): e135871. https://doi.org/10.21425/fob.18.135871.

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Downscaled paleoclimate datasets are widely used in biogeographical research, aiding our understanding of past environmental shifts and species' responses to climate change. Numerous datasets exist, varying in spatiotemporal resolution and underlying methodologies, resulting in variation in estimated temperature. Understanding this variability is important for accurately reconstructing past biogeographical dynamics, especially in complex regions like mountains. We compare the Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from five different downscaled paleoclimate datasets —

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Jasechko, S., A. Lechler, F. S. R. Pausata та ін. "Late-glacial to late-Holocene shifts in global precipitation δ<sup>18</sup>O". Climate of the Past 11, № 10 (2015): 1375–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1375-2015.

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Abstract. Reconstructions of Quaternary climate are often based on the isotopic content of paleo-precipitation preserved in proxy records. While many paleo-precipitation isotope records are available, few studies have synthesized these dispersed records to explore spatial patterns of late-glacial precipitation δ18O. Here we present a synthesis of 86 globally distributed groundwater (n = 59), cave calcite (n = 15) and ice core (n = 12) isotope records spanning the late-glacial (defined as ~ 50 000 to ~ 20 000 years ago) to the late-Holocene (within the past ~ 5000 years). We show that precipita

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17

Brennan, C. E., A. J. Weaver, M. Eby, and K. J. Meissner. "Modelling oxygen isotopes in the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 4, no. 3 (2011): 2545–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-4-2545-2011.

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Abstract. Implementing oxygen isotopes (H218O, H216O) in coupled climate models provides both an important test of the individual model's hydrological cycle, and a powerful tool to mechanistically explore past climate changes while producing results directly comparable to isotope proxy records. Here we describe the addition of oxygen isotopes in the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model (UVic ESCM). Equilibrium simulations are performed for preindustrial and Last Glacial Maximum conditions. The oxygen isotope content in the model preindustrial climate is compared against observatio

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Wang, X., D. H. Sun, F. Wang, et al. "A high-resolution multi-proxy record of late Cenozoic environment change from central Taklimakan Desert, China." Climate of the Past 9, no. 6 (2013): 2731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2731-2013.

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Abstract. The Taklimakan Desert in the Tarim Basin is the largest desert in Central Asia, and is regarded as one of the main dust sources to the Northern Hemisphere. Late Cenozoic sedimentary sequences with intercalated in-situ aeolian dune sands in this area preserve direct evidence for the Asian desertification. Herein, we report a high-resolution multi-proxy climatic record from the precise magnetostratigraphic dated Hongbaishan section in the central Taklimakan Desert. Our results show that a fundamental climate change, characterised by significant cooling, enhanced aridity, and intensifie

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Bothe, Oliver, and Eduardo Zorita. "Technical note: Considerations on using uncertain proxies in the analogue method for spatiotemporal reconstructions of millennial-scale climate." Climate of the Past 17, no. 2 (2021): 721–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-721-2021.

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Abstract. Inferences about climate states and climate variability of the Holocene and the deglaciation rely on sparse paleo-observational proxy data. Combining these proxies with output from climate simulations is a means for increasing the understanding of the climate throughout the last tens of thousands of years. The analogue method is one approach to do this. The method takes a number of sparse proxy records and then searches within a pool of more complete information (e.g., model simulations) for analogues according to a similarity criterion. The analogue method is non-linear and allows c

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Fallah, Bijan, Emmanuele Russo, Walter Acevedo, Achille Mauri, Nico Becker, and Ulrich Cubasch. "Towards high-resolution climate reconstruction using an off-line data assimilation and COSMO-CLM 5.00 model." Climate of the Past 14, no. 9 (2018): 1345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1345-2018.

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Abstract. Data assimilation (DA) methods have been used recently to constrain the climate model forecasts by paleo-proxy records. Both DA and climate models are computationally very expensive. Moreover, in paleo-DA, the time step of consequence for observations is usually too long for a dynamical model to follow the previous analysis state and the chaotic behavior of the model becomes dominant. The majority of recent paleoclimate studies using DA have performed low- or intermediate-resolution global simulations along with an “off-line” DA approach. In an off-line DA, the re-initialization cycl

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Arzey, Ariella K., Helen V. McGregor, Tara R. Clark, et al. "Coral skeletal proxy records database for the Great Barrier Reef, Australia." Earth System Science Data 16, no. 10 (2024): 4869–930. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4869-2024.

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Abstract. The Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia, has a long history of palaeoenvironmental coral research. However, it can be logistically difficult to find the relevant research and records, which are often unpublished or exist as “grey literature”. This hinders researchers' abilities to efficiently assess the current state of coral core studies on the GBR and thus identify any key knowledge gaps. This study presents the Great Barrier Reef Coral Skeletal Records Database (GBRCD), which compiles 208 records from coral skeletal research conducted since the early 1990s. The database includes r

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Cheung, Anson, Baylor Fox-Kemper, and Timothy Herbert. "Can we use sea surface temperature and productivity proxy records to reconstruct Ekman upwelling?" Climate of the Past 15, no. 6 (2019): 1985–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1985-2019.

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Abstract. Marine sediments have greatly improved our understanding of the climate system, but their interpretation often assumes that certain climate mechanisms operate consistently over all timescales of interest and that variability at one or a few sample sites is representative of an oceanographic province. In this study, we test these assumptions using modern observations in an idealized manner mimicking paleo-reconstruction to investigate whether sea surface temperature and productivity proxy records in the Southern California Current System can be used to reconstruct Ekman upwelling. The

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Pinegina, T. K., and J. Bourgeois. "Historical and paleo-tsunami deposits on Kamchatka, Russia: long-term chronologies and long-distance correlations." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1, no. 4 (2001): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-1-177-2001.

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Abstract. Along the eastern coast of Kamchatka, at a number of localities, we have identified and attempted to assign ages to deposits of both historic and prehistoric (paleo-) tsunamis. These deposits are dated and correlated using tephrochronology from Holocene marker tephra and local volcanic ash layers. Because the historical record of earthquakes and tsunamis on Kamchatka is so short, these investigations can make important contributions to evaluating tsunami hazards. Moreover, because even the historical record is spotty, our work helps add to and evaluate tsunami catalogues for Kamchatk

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Labahn, Jakob, Lucas Bittner, Philip Hirschmann, et al. "<sup>18</sup>O analyses of bulk lipids as novel paleoclimate tool in loess research – a pilot study." E&G Quaternary Science Journal 71, no. 1 (2022): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/egqsj-71-83-2022.

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Abstract. The analysis of the stable oxygen isotopes 18O and 16O has revolutionized paleoclimate research since the middle of the last century. Particularly, δ18O of ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica is used as a paleotemperature proxy, and δ18O of deep-sea sediments is used as a proxy for global ice volume. Important terrestrial archives to which δ18O as a paleoclimate proxy is successfully applied are speleothems, lake sediments, or tree rings. By contrast, δ18O applications to loess–paleosol sequences (LPSs) are scarce. Here we present a first continuous δ18O record (n=50) for the LPS

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Davies, Marissa A., Jörg Bollmann, Matthew J. Amesbury, et al. "Environmental associations and the paleoecological significance of the genus Pyxidicula Ehrenberg,1838 and Pyxidicula muskegii sp. nov. in the Hudson and James Bay region peatlands, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, no. 11 (2024): 1212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2024-0039.

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An environmental proxy routinely used in paleoecological studies of peatlands is testate amoebae, which are used to infer successional and hydrological shifts through time. However, since many species of protists globally remain undescribed, important ecological information about community assemblages and their interaction with environmental conditions in both the past and present has potential gaps. During the analysis of testate amoeba assemblages from peat cores across the Hudson and James Bay region of Canada, a testate amoeba that has not been formally described was discovered with high a

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Voelker, Steven L., Michael C. Stambaugh, Richard P. Guyette, et al. "Deglacial Hydroclimate of Midcontinental North America." Quaternary Research 83, no. 2 (2015): 336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.01.001.

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During the last deglaciation temperatures over midcontinental North America warmed dramatically through the Bølling-Allerød, underwent a cool period associated with the Younger-Dryas and then reverted to warmer, near modern temperatures during the early Holocene. However, paleo proxy records of the hydroclimate of this period have presented divergent evidence. We reconstruct summer relative humidity (RH) across the last deglacial period using a mechanistic model of cellulose and leaf water δ18O and δD combined with a pollen-based temperature proxy to interpret stable isotopes of sub-fossil woo

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Kemp, Andrew C., Benjamin P. Horton, D. Reide Corbett, Stephen J. Culver, Robin J. Edwards, and Orson van de Plassche. "The relative utility of foraminifera and diatoms for reconstructing late Holocene sea-level change in North Carolina, USA." Quaternary Research 71, no. 1 (2009): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.08.007.

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AbstractForaminifera and diatoms preserved in salt-marsh sediments have been used to produce high-resolution records of Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) change. To determine which of these microfossil groups is most appropriate for this purpose we investigated their relative utility from salt marshes in North Carolina, USA. Regional-scale transfer functions were developed using foraminifera, diatoms and a combination of both (multi-proxy) from three salt marshes (Oregon Inlet, Currituck Barrier Island and Pea Island). We evaluated each approach on the basis of transfer-function performance. F

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Fogt, Ryan L., Quentin Dalaiden, and Gemma K. O'Connor. "A comparison of South Pacific Antarctic sea ice and atmospheric circulation reconstructions since 1900." Climate of the Past 20, no. 1 (2024): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-53-2024.

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Abstract. The recent changes and record lows in Antarctic sea ice extent illustrate the need for longer estimates beyond the short satellite observation period commencing around 1979. However, Antarctic sea ice extent reconstructions since 1900 based on paleo-records and those generated based on instrumental observations from the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes are markedly different, especially prior to 1979. Here, these reconstructions are examined with the goal of understanding the relative strengths and limitations of each reconstruction better so that researchers using the various datase

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Iwakiri, Tomoki, and Masahiro Watanabe. "Mechanisms Reducing ENSO Amplitude and Asymmetry via an Enhanced Seasonal Cycle in the Mid-Holocene." Journal of Climate 32, no. 23 (2019): 8069–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0110.1.

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Abstract Paleo proxy records have suggested that El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability during the mid-Holocene [8200 to 4200 years ago (8.2–4.2 ka)] was weaker than during the instrumental periods, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We examined processes of ENSO suppression using a coupled general circulation model (CGCM) that simulates ENSO amplitude and skewness under the present climate reasonably well. Two long simulations were performed: one using the preindustrial condition (CTRL) and the other using the 8-ka insolation having a greater seasonal cycle (MH8K). Consistent with pr

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Fischer, Markus L., Felix Bachofer, Chad L. Yost, et al. "A Phytolith Supported Biosphere-Hydrosphere Predictive Model for Southern Ethiopia: Insights into Paleoenvironmental Changes and Human Landscape Preferences since the Last Glacial Maximum." Geosciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11100418.

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During the past 25 ka, southern Ethiopia has undergone tremendous climatic changes, from dry and relatively cold during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 25–18 ka) to the African Humid Period (AHP, 15–5 ka), and back to present-day dry conditions. As a contribution to better understand the effects of climate change on vegetation and lakes, we here present a new Predictive Vegetation Model that is linked with a Lake Balance Model and available vegetation-proxy records from southern Ethiopia including a new phytolith record from the Chew Bahir basin. We constructed a detailed paleo-landcover map of

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Bush, Andrew B. G. "Extratropical Influences on the El Niño–Southern Oscillation through the Late Quaternary." Journal of Climate 20, no. 5 (2007): 788–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4048.1.

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Abstract A sequence of numerical simulations with a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model configured for particular times during the late Quaternary shows that simulated El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events decrease in frequency from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to today, in accord with linear stability theory, but increase in amplitude. Diagnostic analyses indicate that altered momentum fluxes from midlatitude eddy activity caused by changes in orbital forcing (in the Holocene) and topographic forcing (at the LGM) regulate the strength of climatological easterlies and the

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Asten, M. W. "Estimate of climate sensitivity from carbonate microfossils dated near the Eocene-Oligocene global cooling." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 5 (2012): 4923–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-4923-2012.

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Abstract. Climate sensitivity is a crucial parameter in global temperature modelling. An estimate is made at the time 33.4 Ma using published high-resolution deep-sea temperature proxy obtained from foraminiferal δ18O records from DSDP site 744, combined with published data for atmospheric partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) from carbonate microfossils, where δ11B provides a proxy for pCO2. The pCO2 data shows a pCO2 decrease accompanying the major cooling event of about 4 °C from greenhouse conditions to icecap conditions following the Eocene-Oligocene boundary (33.7 My). During the cooling pCO2 f

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Brinkmann, Inda, Christine Barras, Tom Jilbert, et al. "Drought recorded by Ba∕Ca in coastal benthic foraminifera." Biogeosciences 19, no. 9 (2022): 2523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2523-2022.

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Abstract. Increasing occurrences of extreme weather events, such as the 2018 drought over northern Europe, are a concerning issue under global climate change. High-resolution archives of natural hydroclimate proxies, such as rapidly accumulating sediments containing biogenic carbonates, offer the potential to investigate the frequency and mechanisms of such events in the past. Droughts alter the barium (Ba) concentration of near-continent seawater through the reduction in Ba input from terrestrial runoff, which in turn may be recorded as changes in the chemical composition (Ba/Ca) of foraminif

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Nienhuis, Jaap H., Andrew D. Ashton, Albert J. Kettner, and Liviu Giosan. "Large-scale coastal and fluvial models constrain the late Holocene evolution of the Ebro Delta." Earth Surface Dynamics 5, no. 3 (2017): 585–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-585-2017.

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Abstract. The distinctive plan-view shape of the Ebro Delta coast reveals a rich morphologic history. The degree to which the form and depositional history of the Ebro and other deltas represent autogenic (internal) dynamics or allogenic (external) forcing remains a prominent challenge for paleo-environmental reconstructions. Here we use simple coastal and fluvial morphodynamic models to quantify paleo-environmental changes affecting the Ebro Delta over the late Holocene. Our findings show that these models are able to broadly reproduce the Ebro Delta morphology, with simple fluvial and wave c

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Cui, Hang, Jie Wang, Beibei Yu, Zhenbo Hu, Pan Yao, and Jonathan M. Harbor. "Marine Isotope Stage 3 paleotemperature inferred from reconstructing the Die Shan ice cap, northeastern Tibetan Plateau." Quaternary Research 89, no. 2 (2018): 494–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.115.

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AbstractGlacial extent mapping and dating indicate that the local last glacial maximum (LLGM) of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau occurred during mid-Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. This is asynchronous with the global last glacial maximum (LGM) that occurred during MIS 2. The causes underlying this asynchronicity are the subject of ongoing debate, and paleoclimatic reconstructions are a key to advancing understanding of the climatic influence on the spatial and temporal patterns of paleoglaciation. We used multiple methods to reconstruct the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) of the Die Shan paleo

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He, Tong, Lianwen Liu, Yang Chen, Xuefen Sheng, and Junfeng Ji. "Plagioclase sub-species in Chinese loess deposits: Implications for dust source migration and past climate change." Quaternary Research 85, no. 1 (2016): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.12.004.

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Plagioclase mineral sub-species in the Lingtai Section in central Chinese Loess Plateau are examined using Mineral Liberation Analyzer techniques, showing that loess and paleosol samples exhibit similar patterns in terms of plagioclase feldspar sub-species content. This suggests that both loess and paleosol units have preserved their primary Ca-bearing plagioclase compositions of loess source regions. Weighted average CaO (%) in Ca-bearing plagioclase lies within a narrow range and is equivalent to the average plagioclase composition for upper continental crust. This fact supports the hypothes

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Razzhigaeva, N. G., L. A. Ganzey, T. A. Grebennikova, et al. "Paleoflood records within Sikhote-Alin foothills during last 2.2 ka." Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019285-99.

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The periods of intensification of the frequency of severe floods in Late Holocene were reconstructed on the basis of a multi-proxy study of the section of paleo-bend deposits in the lower reaches of the Bikin River, which includes a peat bog, buried by floodplain loam. The peat bog was formed on the place of flood lake and is represented by interlayering of the layers with a different contents of mineral components, which brought during heavy floods. The criteria for the allocation of phases of abundant river flow were defined. Peat ash content, biostratigraphic data (diatom, botanical analyze

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Jasechko, S., A. Lechler, F. S. R. Pausata та ін. "Glacial–interglacial shifts in global and regional precipitation δ<sup>18</sup>O". Climate of the Past Discussions 11, № 2 (2015): 831–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-831-2015.

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Abstract. Previous analyses of past climate changes have often been based on site-specific isotope records from speleothems, ice cores, sediments and groundwaters. However, in most studies these dispersed records have not been integrated and synthesized in a comprehensive manner to explore the spatial patterns of precipitation isotope changes from the last ice age to more recent times. Here we synthesize 88 globally-distributed groundwater, cave calcite, and ice core isotope records spanning the last ice age to the late-Holocene. Our data-driven review shows that reconstructed precipitation δ1

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Radaković, Milica. "Could you see the sea?: Upper Pleistocene sea level fluctuation over the Balkan Peninsula: A review." Zbornik radova Departmana za geografiju, turizam i hotelijerstvo, no. 50-2 (2021): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zbdght2102078r.

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Tectonic movements affected the southern part of the coast the most, while some parts such as Danube delta remained almost untouched through the Upper Pleistocene, covering the last 124.000 years. This is why the reconstruction of the Balkan coast requires multiple proxy data. The chronostratigraphy used in this paper is marine isotope stages, as it allows comparing different records used for paleo environmental reconstruction. The paper is divided into five parts, one for each basin surrounding the Balkan Peninsula: Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean, Marmara and Black Sea basin. All of the basins expe

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Peti, Leonie, and Paul C. Augustinus. "Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Orakei maar lake sediment sequence (Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand)." Scientific Drilling 25 (June 12, 2019): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-25-47-2019.

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Abstract. Global paleo-climate reconstructions are largely based on observations from the Northern Hemisphere despite increasing recognition of the importance of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes for understanding the drivers of the global climate system. Unfortunately, the required complete and high-resolution terrestrial records from the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes are few. However, the maar lakes in the Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF), New Zealand, are crucial in this regard as they form outstanding depositional basins due to their small surface-to-depth ratio, restricted catchment,

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Oliva, Frank, Andre E. Viau, Matthew C. Peros, and Marc Bouchard. "Paleotempestology database for the western North Atlantic basin." Holocene 28, no. 10 (2018): 1664–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618782598.

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Paleotempestology, the study of past tropical cyclone activity, has grown considerably over the past two decades, and there is now a relatively dense network of sites across the Western North Atlantic Basin providing records of past tropical cyclone variability. This paper presents a new database of paleotempestological records generated from 61 studies published between 1993 and 2018 for this region. A total of 266 data entries, consisting of the calibrated ages of individual tropical cyclone events and the boundaries of ‘active’ tropical cyclone periods from the present to 8000 cal. yr BP, a

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Vogel, N., Y. Scheidegger, M. S. Brennwald, et al. "Stalagmite water content as a proxy for drip water supply in tropical and subtropical areas." Climate of the Past 9, no. 1 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1-2013.

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Abstract. In this pilot study water was extracted from samples of two Holocene stalagmites from Socotra Island, Yemen, and one Eemian stalagmite from southern continental Yemen. The amount of water extracted per unit mass of stalagmite rock, termed "water yield" hereafter, serves as a measure of its total water content. Based on direct correlation plots of water yields and δ18Ocalcite and on regime shift analyses, we demonstrate that for the studied stalagmites the water yield records vary systematically with the corresponding oxygen isotopic compositions of the calcite (δ18Ocalcite). Within e

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Power, Katherine, Jamie Barnett, Travis Dickinson, and Josefine Axelsson. "The Role of El Niño in Driving Drought Conditions over the Last 2000 Years in Thailand." Quaternary 3, no. 2 (2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat3020018.

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Irregular climate events frequently occur in Southeast Asia due to the numerous climate patterns combining. Thailand sits at the confluence of these interactions, and consequently experiences major hydrological events, such as droughts. Proxy data, speleothem records, lake sediment sequences and tree ring chronologies were used to reconstruct paleo drought conditions. These trends were compared with modelled and historic El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) data to assess if the ENSO climate phenomena is causing droughts in Thailand. Drought periods were found to occur both during El Niño event

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Carrapa, Barbara, Peter G. DeCelles, Mihai N. Ducea, et al. "Estimates of paleo-crustal thickness at Cerro Aconcagua (Southern Central Andes) from detrital proxy-records: Implications for models of continental arc evolution." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 585 (May 2022): 117526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117526.

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Hudson, Adam M., Jay Quade, Tyler E. Huth, et al. "Lake Level Reconstruction for 12.8–2.3 ka of the Ngangla Ring Tso Closed-Basin Lake System, Southwest Tibetan Plateau." Quaternary Research 83, no. 1 (2015): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.012.

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AbstractWe present a shoreline-based, millennial-scale record of lake-level changes spanning 12.8–2.3 ka for a large closed-basin lake system on the southwestern Tibetan Plateau. Fifty-three radiocarbon and eight U–Th series ages of tufa and beach cement provide age control on paleoshorelines ringing the basin, supplemented by nineteen ages from shell and aquatic plant material from natural exposures generally recording lake regressions. Our results show that paleo-Ngangla Ring Tso exceeded modern lake level (4727 m asl) continuously between ~ 12.8 and 2.3 ka. The lake was at its highstand 135

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Polk, Jason, and Philip Van Beynen. "Potential of Cave Sediments as a Proxy for Tropical Cyclone and Storm Activity." Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 29, no. 3 (2023): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21663/eeg-d-22-00074.

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Abstract Cave sediments show promise as a proxy for the reconstruction of paleo-storm activity. Here, we present a study of allochthonous sediments from two different caves located in west-central Florida that exhibit high variability in sediment layer thickness and are characterized by mostly alternating organic matter/sand couplets. Both sediment records are well constrained chronologically by 210Pb for Vandal Cave in Citrus County and by 14C for Jennings Cave in Marion County, with ∼50 and 2,700 years of deposition, respectively. Consequently, the Vandal Cave sediments were used to determin

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Kutuzov, Stanislav, Michel Legrand, Susanne Preunkert, et al. "The Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice core record – Part 2: history of desert dust deposition." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 22 (2019): 14133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14133-2019.

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Abstract. Ice cores are one of the most valuable paleo-archives. Records from ice cores provide information not only about the amount of dust in the atmosphere, but also about dust sources and their changes in the past. In 2009, a 182 m long ice core was recovered from the western plateau of Mt Elbrus (5115 m a.s.l.). This record was further extended after a shallow ice core was drilled in 2013. Here we analyse Ca2+ concentrations, a commonly used proxy of dust, recorded in these Elbrus ice records over the time period of 1774–2013 CE. The Ca2+ record reveals quasi-decadal variability with a g

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Porter, Stacy E., Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Lonnie G. Thompson, and Aaron B. Wilson. "Reconstructing an Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation Index from a Pacific Basin–Wide Collection of Ice Core Records." Journal of Climate 34, no. 10 (2021): 3839–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0455.1.

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AbstractUsing an assemblage of four ice cores collected around the Pacific basin, one of the first basinwide histories of Pacific climate variability has been created. This ice core–derived index of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) incorporates ice core records from South America, the Himalayas, the Antarctic Peninsula, and northwestern North America. The reconstructed IPO is annually resolved and dates to 1450 CE. The IPO index compares well with observations during the instrumental period and with paleo-proxy assimilated datasets throughout the entire record, which indicates a robu

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McFadden, E. M., J. Ramage, and D. T. Rodbell. "Landsat TM and ETM+ derived snowline altitudes in the Cordillera Huayhuash and Cordillera Raura, Peru, 1986–2005." Cryosphere Discussions 4, no. 4 (2010): 1931–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-4-1931-2010.

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Abstract. The Cordilleras Huayhuash and Raura are remote glacierized ranges in the Andes Mountains of Peru. A robust assessment of modern glacier change is important for understanding how regional change affects Andean communities, and for placing paleo-glaciers in a context relative to modern glaciation and climate. Snowline altitudes (SLAs) derived from satellite imagery are used as a proxy for modern (1986–2005) local climate change in a key transition zone in the Andes. Clear sky, dry season Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) satellite images from 1986–2005 we

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Schirrmacher, Julien, Mara Weinelt, Thomas Blanz, Nils Andersen, Emília Salgueiro, and Ralph R. Schneider. "Multi-decadal atmospheric and marine climate variability in southern Iberia during the mid- to late-Holocene." Climate of the Past 15, no. 2 (2019): 617–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-617-2019.

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Abstract. To assess the regional multi-decadal to multi-centennial climate variability along the southern Iberian Peninsula during the mid- to late-Holocene record of paleo-environmental indicators from marine sediments were established for two sites in the Alboran Sea (ODP-161-976A) and the Gulf of Cádiz (GeoB5901-2). High-resolution records of organic geochemical properties and planktic foraminiferal assemblages are used to decipher precipitation and vegetation changes as well as hydrological conditions with respect to sea surface temperature (SST) and marine primary productivity (MPP). As a

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