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Academic literature on the topic 'Paléoenvironnement – Cénozoïque'
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Journal articles on the topic "Paléoenvironnement – Cénozoïque"
Person, Alain, Josette Tourenq, and Taïna Trochon. "Sépiolite et silicifications,indicateurs de paléoenvironnement lacustre, au sommet des calcaires cénozoïques du Berry (Bassin de Mehun-sur-Yèvre, Cher)." Geobios 27 (June 1994): 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-6995(94)80046-4.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Paléoenvironnement – Cénozoïque"
Capet, Xavier. "Paléoenvironnements et diagenèse argileuse dans le domaine Caraïbe au Cénozoïque." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10046.
Full textBouquillon, Anne. "Influences continentales et marines dans les sédiments cénozoi͏̈ques de l'Océan Indien Nord Oriental." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10154.
Full textGallaud, Audrey. "Interaction Orogenèse - Climat - Erosion en Asie Centrale durant le Cénozoïque : L'impact de la surrection de la chaîne du Tianshan sur le climat dans le bassin du Junggar." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00361593.
Full textInde-Asie. Cette chaîne forme ainsi une barrière naturelle aux courants atmosphériques d'Asie Centrale et sa surrection a dû avoir un impact sur l'évolution climatique durant le Néogène. Son évolution morphologique est contrôlée par la tectonique et le climat, à plusieurs échelles de temps et d'espace. Le Tianshan est donc un objet naturel pour l'étude des interactions Orogenèse-Climat-Erosion. Le piedmont nord du Tianshan est formé de plis d'avant-pays incisés par des rivières, mettant à l'affleurement des séries fluvio-lacustres cénozoïques des bassins de piedmont, issues de l'érosion de
la chaîne. Une étude sédimentologique (faciès, matière organique-MO et minéraux lourds-ML) a été menée trois sites Jingou He, Kuitun He et Ebi Nor, afin de reconstituer les paléoenvironnements depuis 25 Ma. Il a été montré que la composition organique des sédiments n'est pas liée aux environnements sédimentaires. De plus, les palynofaciès exposent des variations climatiques globales, comme les périodes d'aridification connues en Asie Centrale à ~15, 8 et 3 Ma, ainsi que des variations régionales sur le piedmont nord. La confrontation des résultats avec ceux de l'étude du magnétisme des roches permet d'apporter des informations supplémentaires : les variations climatiques sur le piedmont nord seraient dues soit à la tectonique (~20,5; 15,5; 11,5 et 4,5 Ma), soit au climat (~20,5; ~17,5; ~13,8; ~9-8,8; ~4,5 et ~1,2 Ma).
L'étude sédimentaire des séries néogènes du bassin du Junggar révèle que 1) les palynofaciès permettent de décrire l'évolution des environnements, en terme de degré d'humidité/aridité, cela malgré les faibles contenus organiques, 2) la confrontation avec d'autres paramètres permet de proposer une origine tectonique ou climatique aux changements environnementaux, 3) la corrélation entre les 3 sites d'étude montre que ces variations sont au moins d'échelle régionale.
Adroit, Benjamin. "Structures des paléoforêts européennes de la fin du Cénozoïque : apport des interactions plante-insecte." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG008/document.
Full textInsects are the most diverse animals on Earth, and neatly associated with plants they represent two of the major groups of organisms both in species diversity and biomass quantity. The majority of their interactions involves insect feeding and insect parasitism mostly on leaves. Plant and insect compose one of the main trophic levels in ecosystems over the 325 million years. Today, the continuous and fast rising of temperature mostly due to human activities since the last century is disturbing the balance of ecosystems on Earth. Consequently, to understand the role of plant and insect interactions, through time but also trophic networks, becomes crucial. The fossil record is an exceptional opportunity to survey responses of plant-insect interaction to climate variations over long time interval through traces of plants reactions caused by interaction with insects, as Earth has already experienced many climate changes. For the last 3 million years, oscillations between long cold periods and short warm periods have occurred. Europe ecosystems has been particularly impacted. The Lagerstätte of Willershausen (Germany) was specifically study. It is an exceptional fossil outcrop that contains ca. 8000 collected fossil leaves. These leaves testify a paleoforest developed there around 3—2.6 Ma ago in a climate warmer than today (ca. +5°C). Under these conditions, many plant species typical of the Mediterranean ecosystems were settled there, such as Montpellier maple or Olive tree. For comparison, other paleoforests were studied: Berga (similar in age and geographically close to Willershausen) and Bernasso (younger than Willershausen (2.16—1.96 Ma) and located in southern France close to Mediterranean. These forests were compared as many common plant taxa were similar between each other. Furthermore, some species today endemic to the Caucasian region, such as Persian ironwood or Caucasian elm, were also present in these outcrops. The aim of this study is to determine how far the climate differences could be involved in the changes of plant-insect interactions in European paleoforests of the late Pliocene – early Pleistocene. Results highlighted the impacts of both hydric and temperature seasonality, hitherto underestimated in the fossil record, on the patterns of plant-insect interaction in the European paleoforests. It appeared that ecosystems subject to intense hydric seasonality could led to higher specialization of plant-insect interaction inferred by higher rate of observed damages due to ‘specialists insects’. In parallel, the coolest temperature during the year seems to be a major factor in the low diversity of damage in paleoforest, presumably due to lower insect metabolism. Absence of convergent correlations between plant richness and damage richness could suggested that influence of climatic factors override impact of these local biotic factors. In order to understand the whole parameters that could have an impact on plant-insect interactions, our current knowledges are still insufficient. It would be wise to make more investigations on modern forests with the methods as applied in fossil record community structure studies. These investigations could help to understand the factors potentially involved in the establishment of a pattern of plant-insect interactions. It is in this perspective that a part of this study was precisely focused on one plant species (Parrotia persica) currently endemic to the Hyrcanian forest (Iran). This forest is supposed to be an analogue forest of the European paleoforests as those studied in this thesis. For now, observations made in Iran tend to corroborate our interpretation. Finally, the studies on plant-insect interactions in past and extant ecosystems, combined with the study of climatic changes, should permit us to better characterize the relations between plants and insects in forests through time
Gallaud, Audrey. "Interaction orogenèse-climat-érosion en Asie Centrale durant le cénozoïque : l'impact de la surrection de la chaîne du Tianshan sur le climat dans le bassin du Junggar." Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE2061.
Full textBriard, Justine. "Expressions des grands changements paléoclimatiques au Cénozoïque (transition Eocène-Oligocène "EOT" ; Miocène moyen "MMCO, MMCT") en domaine côtier à partir de la géochimie des bivalves." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30168.
Full textThe Cenozoic era is characterized by the last transition from a "greenhouse" climate mode to an "icehouse" climate mode with the Antarctic ice-sheet build up. The first traces of glaciation are highlighted at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT; ~ 33.9 Ma) which is followed by a period of instability of the ice-sheet corresponding to glaciation and deglaciations phases until the terminal glaciation of the Antarctic ice cap during the Middle Miocene Climate Transition (MMCT). However, the processes governing these phases of glaciation-deglaciation remain poorly constrained today and pCO2 fluctuations are not sufficient to explain ice-sheet melting during the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) with pCO2 ranging from 380 to 500 ppm. The main aim of this PhD is to provide new paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental information during this key period, from coastal environments using a combination of different geochemical proxies, delta(18)O, DELTA(47) and (87)Sr/(86)Sr, measured on bivalve shells. The delta(18)O-DELTA(47) coupling was tested in a variety of environments ranging from restricted environments such as lagoon and bay to open coastal environments. The calculated salinities are in good agreement with the tolerance of the organisms present in the different facies encountered. The results obtained with delta(18)O-DELTA(47) coupling can be used successfully to deconvolve the evolution of temperature and local seawater delta(18)O in brackish to marine environments. The (87)Sr/(86)Sr results could also be linked to runoff activity and for low salinities corresponding to a brackish environment. The new data acquiring for the EOT revealed a 10°C drop in temperatures for the EOT-1 accident in the eastern North Atlantic (England) as well as a salinity drop and a river drainage network modification more affected by the sea level fall occurring during the EOT. A drop of ~8°C was also recorded in open marine environments from western North Atlantic (Florida) during the EOT, associated to an increase in seasonal contrast in temperature and salinity. The new data acquired for the Middle Miocene highlight marks differences in the MMCO expression with a ~10°C cooling appearing during this climate optimum in the Mediterranean Sea and a contemporaneous warming of ~6°C in the North Atlantic Ocean for sites located at the same latitude but in different coastal environments and basins. These new data highlight the diversity in the local response of coastal environment in response to global climate change, that impedes the use of archives from this type of environment to study climate evolution
Drivaliari, Androniki. "Images polliniques et paléoenvironnements au Néogène supérieur en Méditerranée orientale. Aspects climatiques et paléogéographiques d'un transect latitudinal (de la Roumanie au delta du Nil)." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20191.
Full textBenabdellouahed, Massinissa. "La Seine fluviatile plio-quaternaire en baie de Seine : évolution morphologique et sédimentaire (rôle du substratum géologique et des cycles climato-eustatiques)." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660489.
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