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Journal articles on the topic 'Paleogeology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Bluth, G. J. S., and L. R. Kump. "Phanerozoic paleogeology." American Journal of Science 291, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 284–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/ajs.291.3.284.

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2

Beverley-Burton, Mary. "Origins of the Monogenea of selected major taxa of Nearctic freshwater fishes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, S1 (August 1, 1995): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-505.

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Comment on the origin(s) of a group of parasites requires an awareness of the paleogeology of the region and historical records – phylogenies of both hosts and their parasites. The paleogeology of the Nearctic Region is described briefly and 11 families of Nearctic freshwater fishes for which phylogenetic information is available are considered: Acipenseridae, Polyodontidae, Catostomidae, Ictaluridae, Fundulidae, Poeciliidae, Cyprinodontidae, Percidae, Centrarchidae, Moronidae, and Percopsidae. A previous hypothesis that the Nearctic ancyrocephalids are of mixed origins is supported and the phenomena of vicariance, dispersal, host-switching, and co-evolution are demonstrated.

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3

CRAIG, D. A., R. A. ENGLUND, and H. Takaoka. "Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography." Zootaxa 1328, no. 1 (October 5, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1328.1.1.

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Five species of Simuliidae are reported for the first time from the Solomon Islands of Santa Isabel, Malaita, and Makira, and Kolumbangara and Rendova of the New Georgia Island group. One newspecies, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) rhopaloides Craig, Englund & Takaoka, from Guadalcanal is described. The new material consists mainly of immature larvae, which, while allowing assignment to subgenus, do not always allow identification to species. The probability of other new species is suggested. The record for Makira is the most easterly known for the subgenus Morops, as are those for Gomphostilbia from Guadalcanal and Malaita. Larval habitats on the islands are illustrated. A brief synopsis of the paleogeology of the Solomon Islands is given as a basis for preliminary comments on distribution and biogeography of the known species of Simuliidae, now 10, for the Solomon Islands.

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4

Gibbs, M. T. "Global chemical erosion over the last 250 my; variations due to changes in paleogeography, paleoclimate, and paleogeology." American Journal of Science 299, no. 7-9 (November 1, 1999): 611–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/ajs.299.7-9.611.

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5

Payn, Kitt G., William S. Dvorak, and Alexander A. Myburg. "Chloroplast DNA phylogeography reveals the island colonisation route of Eucalyptus urophylla (Myrtaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 7 (2007): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07056.

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We present a study of the colonisation patterns of a tropical tree species among an island archipelago. Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T.Blake) is an economically important plantation species endemic to the volcanic slopes of seven islands in eastern Indonesia. In the present study, we investigated the geographical distribution of chloroplast DNA sequence variation in E. urophylla to gain insight into its historical seed-migration routes. DNA sequence data were obtained from 198 plants from which 20 haplotypes were identified. A moderate to high level of chloroplast genetic differentiation (GST = 0.581, NST = 0.724) and significant phylogeographic structure (NST > GST; P < 0.01) were observed, suggesting low levels of recurrent seed-mediated gene flow among the islands. The highest levels of haplotype diversity were observed on the eastern islands of Wetar and Timor. The two most westerly islands, Flores and Lomblen, were fixed for what appeared to be the ancestral haplotype. Chloroplast haplotype diversity therefore exhibited a decreasing trend from east to west in the species’ range, consistent with an east-to-west colonisation route across the seven islands. Environmental factors that may have contributed to the contemporary spatial distribution of chloroplast DNA haplotypes include island paleogeology, ocean currents, fluctuations in sea levels and possible hybridisation events.

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6

Horvath, P. S. "The effectiveness of offshore three‐dimensional seismic surveys—Case histories." GEOPHYSICS 50, no. 12 (December 1985): 2411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1441873.

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Gulf began investigating three‐dimensional seismic surveys in the mid‐1960s through Gulf Research and Development Company. During the late 1960s, models were constructed to simulate acquisition and processing. Three‐dimensional (3-D) migration was achieved in the early 1970s, and Gulf began field testing 3-D seismic data acquisition in 1974. By 1978, 3-D seismic surveys were available as a commercial service through contractors. Some advantages that 3-D seismic surveys have over 2-D seismic surveys are: they can help refine both structure and stratigraphic interpretations; they assist in defining the paleogeology and reveal details otherwise not apparent; they help determine the reservoir limits through improved interpretation of the structure and hydrocarbon indicators; they enable the acquisition of subsurface control under surface obstructions, such as platforms, rigs, etc.; they provide the opportunity to construct profiles in any direction desired; and they lend themselves to interactive interpretation. When using 3-D seismic surveys, improved seismic resolution is expected. This in turn improves drilling success and finding new reserves, makes the development drilling program more efficient, and provides the best possible location for a wildcat survey. The results achieved in 16 3-D seismic surveys that cover 26 blocks in the offshore Gulf of Mexico reveal that offshore 3-D seismic surveys can be a cost‐effective way of finding and developing hydrocarbons.

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7

Wyss, Max. "Return Times of Large Earthquakes Cannot Be Estimated Correctly from Seismicity Rates: 1906 San Francisco and 1717 Alpine Fault Ruptures." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 4 (May 13, 2020): 2163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200008.

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Abstract The unproven assumption that the Gutenberg–Richter (GR) relationship can be extrapolated to estimate the return time, Tr (1/probability of occurrence), of major and large earthquakes has been shown to be incorrect along 196 faults, so far. Here, two more examples of great, well-known faults that do not produce enough earthquakes to fulfill the hypothesis are analyzed. The 300 km section of the San Andreas fault, California, United States, that ruptured in 1906 in the M 8 San Francisco earthquake, produced 200 earthquakes with M≥2 in the last 52 yr, when about 250,000 such events are expected according to the hypothesis. Along a 250 km section that broke in an M 7.9 earthquake in 1717 along the Alpine fault, New Zealand, the number of reported M≥3.6 earthquakes during the last 34 yr was 100, when about 6000 would be expected, based on the hypothesis. Extrapolating the GR relationships for these two fault segments, one estimates Tr of mainshocks of M 8 to be about 10,000 and 100,000 for the 1717 and 1906 ruptures, respectively. Regardless of choice of analysis parameters, this is by factors of 10–400 larger than estimates based on paleogeology, tectonics, and geodesy. In addition, second catalogs for each case yield estimates of probabilities for M 8 earthquakes along the 1717 and 1906 rupture segments that differ by factors of about 2 and 80 (between 5000 and 98,000 yr) from the first respective catalogs. It follows that the probability of large earthquakes cannot be estimated correctly based on local seismicity rates along major faults.

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8

Rui, Yuan, Yang Bo, Pan Chunfu, Guo Xuguang, Huang Liliang, He Wenjun, Feng Youlun, and Zhao Kang. "Conglomerate petrology characterization using high-definition borehole electrical images in the Upper Urho Formation at well JL42, Zhongguai Uplift, Junggar Basin, China." Interpretation 8, no. 3 (July 23, 2020): SL137—SL150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2019-0243.1.

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Cores drilled from wells are significant resources for understanding the geologic characteristics of petroleum reservoirs. However, due to the high cost and long rig time involved, it is impossible to obtain cores from the entire sedimentary formation in a drilling well. Furthermore, core breakage limits the amount of information that can be obtained in the vertical deposition environment of deep-buried formations. Therefore, we have used ultrahigh-resolution and high-quality borehole electrical images obtained by a borehole electrical imaging tool, High-Definition Formation MicroImager (FMI-HD), to supplement “core” information and characterize the petrologic features, such as grain size and sedimentary structure, of conglomeratic formations in the Permian Upper Urho Formation at well JL42, Zhongguai Uplift, Junggar Basin, China. We have observed conglomeratic cores at 95.92 m in well JL42 and recorded various petrologic features of the core cylinders. In the cored interval, the FMI-HD images were compared with core photos in detail; grain size results from the FMI-HD images and cores were very similar. However, there were major differences in the structural results due to core interruption. In addition, the high-resolution depositional facies of the Upper Urho Formation at well JL42 were dissected in terms of the distributive fluvial system, not the fan-delta system, using vertical grain size features derived from FMI-HD images. Boulders, cobbles, coarse pebbles, and fine pebbles were developed in thick gravelly channels in the lower proximal facies, whereas fine pebbles and granules were developed in thin channels in the upper medial facies. Therefore, FMI-HD images can be efficiently used to supplement cores and sedimentary information, which provides important insights on the paleogeology of conglomeratic formations and in turn on the exploration potential of petroleum systems.

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9

Maslyayev, G. A. "PALEOGEOLOGIC RECONSTRUCTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN PLATFORM." International Geology Review 31, no. 3 (March 1989): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206818909465873.

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10

Gusev, A. V. "Some pathways and factors of monogenean microevolution." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, S1 (August 1, 1995): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-507.

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This paper discusses probable causes for the origin and evolution of groups of monogenean congeneric sibling species infecting one fish host species, with special reference to freshwater fishes. These causes comprise strict specificity, topological differentiation of parasite micropopulations in microniches (microhabitats), ecological and geographic isolation of various parasite and host populations, paleogeographic or geomorphologic (but not paleogeologic) changes during the late Tertiary and Quaternary periods, with alternating marine transgressions and regressions acting upon continents which, after the Miocene, have been less affected by continental drift, orogenesis, and climatic fluctuations. Co-evolving with their hosts, Monogenea usually diverge faster than their hosts.

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11

Van Buer, Nicholas J., Elizabeth L. Miller, and Trevor A. Dumitru. "Early Tertiary paleogeologic map of the northern Sierra Nevada batholith and the northwestern Basin and Range." Geology 37, no. 4 (April 2009): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g25448a.1.

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12

K. F. Watts, R. Carlson, T. Imm, P. "Influence of Pre-Mississippian Paleogeology on Carboniferous Lisburne Group, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Northeastern Alaska: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 72 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/703c8ba5-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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13

URIEN, C. M., Instituto Tecnologico. "Phanerozoic Tectonic and Paleogeologic Evolution of Southern South America." AAPG Bulletin 75 (1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/0c9b107f-1710-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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14

Favorito, Daniel A., and Eric Seedorff. "Laramide structure of southeastern Arizona: Role of basement-cored uplifts in shallow-angle subduction." GSA Bulletin, July 20, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35894.1.

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Laramide reverse faults in southeastern Arizona commonly are obscured by mid- to late Cenozoic extension and subsequent cover, resulting in debate about their configuration and origin. A new mid-Cenozoic paleogeologic map depicts the structural configuration before extension, and new structural reconstructions characterize Laramide shortening in terms of structural style, magnitude, evolution, and timing. Reverse faults restore to moderate to high angles, are associated with fault-propagation folds, and involve significant basement and thus constitute thick-skinned deformation. The paleogeologic map suggests several major basement-cored block uplifts, many of which are newly identified. The largest uplifts may measure 150 km along strike, similar to those in the classic Laramide province of Wyoming and Colorado. Estimated shortening across the central study area is 14% or 23 km, whereas it is only 5% (9 km) to the north and 11% (12 km) to the south. Shortening by this mechanism is inadequate to explain previous estimates of crustal thickening in the region (∼50−60 km). Therefore, magmatic underplating, lower-crustal flow, or underplating of trench sediments and lithospheric material also may have contributed to thickening. Shortening largely occurred from 86 Ma to 64 Ma and possibly as late as 53 Ma, with initiation being younger to the northeast or north. Integration with data from southwestern New Mexico implies complex geometry for the subducting flat slab. Finally, reverse faults generally do not appear to have reactivated older faults, as previously suggested, primarily because reverse faults have associated fault-propagation folds in rocks that predate supposed reactivated structures.

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15

Donald E. Owen. "Paleogeologic and Onlap Maps for Seven Major Unconformities of North America: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 71 (1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/948875af-1704-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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16

"Paleogeologic maps by A. I. Levorsen. 178 pp., 102 illus. W. H. Freeman & Co. Ltd., London, 1961. Price 43/-." Geological Journal 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2007): v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3350030116.

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