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Academic literature on the topic 'Paludisme – Épidémiologie – Afrique occidentale'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Paludisme – Épidémiologie – Afrique occidentale"
Gay, Frédérick. ""Chimiorésistance de "Plasmodium falciparum" : études sur les populations impaludées et sur les populations plasmodiales"." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20277.
Full textRoustant, Frédérique. "Le paludisme en zone de savane africaine : étude épidémiologique en mileu rural et péri-urbain." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX11077.
Full textTrape, Jean-François. "L'impact de l'urbanisation sur le paludisme en Afrique Centrale." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112181.
Full textIn order to ascertain the impact of urbanization on malaria, a research project was undertaken from 1980 to 1985 in the Brazzaville region and 16 other urban centers of the Congo. Studies investigated parasite prevalence and density, vectors bionomics, malaria morbidity and mortality, serum haptoglobin and immunoglobulins, antimalarial antibodies and antimalarial practices. In the rural area of the Brazzaville region, malaria is holoendemic: the parasite in children varies from 79% to 94% and the inoculation rate from 200 to 1,000 infective bites per person per year according to the villages. In Brazzaville, considerable differences exist between the districts of the town, in relation to the population density and the nature of the ground gained by urbanization: the parasite rate in schoolchildren is 81% in Massina, 66% in Talangai, 40% in Bacongo, 9% in Moungali and 3% in Poto-Poto. According to the districts, the inoculation rate varies from less than one to 100 infective bites per person per year. Only 37% of children aged 6 years living since birth in Poto-Poto are seropositive. In contrast, the annual rate of mortality from malaria is very low bath in the rural and urban areas and shows no significant differences between the districts of the town. It was estimated at 0. 43 per thousand in children from 0 to 4 years and 0. 08 per thousand in children from 5 to 9 years. The present-day drop in mortality is attributed to the now general use of antimalarial drugs for the treatment of all febrile episodes in infants and children. The observations made in the Congo show that urbanization has a considerable impact on entomological, parasitological and immunological aspects of malaria. However, it would appear that it is above all the antimalarial practices and possibilities of treatment which are of capital importance in preventing serious complications and decreasing mortality
Léonard, Guy. "Les infections par les virus HIV-1 et HIV-2 en Afrique de l'Ouest : Etudes épidémiologiques, sérologiques et détection génomique après amplification génique." Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIMO0169.
Full textPilkington, Hugo. "Les lieux du paludisme : approche géographique des facteurs de confusion dans une enquête d'épidémiologie du paludisme (Dienga, Gabon)." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010713.
Full textVial, Laurence. "Éco-épidémiologie de la borréliose à tiques à "Borrelia crocidurae" en Afrique de l'Ouest." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20131.
Full textCourtin, David. "Étude de la sensibilité génétique à la trypanosomose humaine africaine à "Trypanosoma brucei gambiense" en Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20080.
Full textNjiokou, Flobert. "Génétique et biologie des populations de deux hôtes intermédiaires de schistosomes à oeuf à éperon terminal "Bulinus globusus" (Morelet,1866) et "B[ulinus] truncatus" (Audouin, 1827) : conséquences épidémiologiques." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20137.
Full textTounkara, Fatoumata Korika. "Prévalence, incidence, persistance et facteurs associés aux infections à virus du papillome humain chez les travailleuses du sexe en Afrique de l’Ouest." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67968.
Full textFemale sex workers (FWs) represent a high-risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the human papillomavirus (HPV). To our knowledge, since 2009, no study has been conducted on the epidemiology of HIV/STIs among FSWs in Mali. Also, there are no available data on the epidemiology of HPV infections in this key population in Mali and Benin.The objectives of this thesis were to (1) assess the prevalence of HIV/STIs and associated factors among FSWs in Bamako, Mali; (2) estimate HPV prevalence, distribution and factors associated with high-risk (HR) HPV infections in FSWs in Bamako (Mali) and Cotonou (Benin), and (3) estimate the incidence and persistence rates of HPV infections in FSWs in the two countries as well as factors related to both incidence and persistence of HR-HPV infections. Cross sectional studies were conducted for objectives 1 and 2, where as a longitudinal study with visits at three time points (baseline, follow-up visits at 6 months and at 12 months) were carried out for objective 3. It took place in Cotonou (Benin) and Bamako (Mali). Sociodemographic, behavioral and gynecological history data were collected. Descriptive statistics were computed. Multivariate log-binomial and Poisson regression models were used to identify factors associated with study outcomes. Overall, 353 FSWs were recruited in Mali; the mean age was 26.8 years. Concerning objective 1, HIV prevalence was 20.4% and 35.1% of FSWs had at least one STI. Factors significantly associated with HIV were older age (trend test, p < 0.0001), sex work duration ≥ 6 years, uneducated status, gonococcal and chlamydial infections (p < 0.05). In addition, younger age (trend test, p = 0.018), number of clients ≥10 during the past week, and HIV infection were significantly associated with other STIs (p < 0.05). Regarding objective 2, HPV data were available for 659 FSWs (309 in Benin and 350 in Mali). The overall HPV prevalence rates were 95.5% in Benin and 81.4% in Mali. The three most common HPV types among FSWs in Benin were HPV58, HPV16, and HPV52; this order was HPV16, HPV51, and HPV52 in Mali. In Benin, the main factors associated with HR-HPV infections were vaginal douching and gonococcal infection (p < 0.05), whereas in Mali, these factors were duration of sex work < 1 year and HIV infection (p < 0.05). Concerning objective 3, the 12-month participation rate was 51.6%, but retention for at least one follow-up visit was 68.6% (51 women not attending the 6-month follow-up visit came back at 12 months). The highest incidence rates of HR-HPV over 12 months occurred with HPV59, HPV16 and HPV35 (≥ 6.3 cases per 1000 women-months). Factors associated with HR-HPV incidence were sex work duration ≤ 1 year and HIV infection (p < 0.05). The highest HR-HPV persistence rates were observed for HPV59, HPV51/HPV52 and HPV35 (≥ 28.6%). Risk factors for HR-HPV persistence were age < 20 years or ≥ 50 years (p < 0.05); HIV and chlamydial infections as well as infection with multiple HPV types at baseline (p <0.05). In conclusion, FSWs in these West African countries are characterized by high HIV/STI prevalence, and by high rates of HPV prevalence, incidence and persistence. These data suggest the need to reconsider the conceptual framework of STI/HIV (including HPV) prevention programs aimed at FSWs in order to prevent cervical cancer among them and break the transmission chain of these STIs to the general population.
Benoît-Vical, Françoise. "Evaluation de l'activité antimalarique in vitro de divers extraits végétaux bruts et purifiés sur Plasmodium falsiparum." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON13511.
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