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Ngoma-Ngoma, Aymard-Cedric. "L'évangélisation de Panama : les fondements des missions jésuites dans la société coloniale (XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL022/document.
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Cette thèse étudie l’implantation et l’action apostolique des jésuites dans la ville de Panama entre 1578 et 1671. Cette chronologie correspond à la création du premier domicile jésuite dans cette ville, et à la destruction de celle-ci par le corsaire anglais Henry Morgan. De passage à Lima où il allait établir la Compagnie avec quelques compagnons, Jéronimo Ruiz del Portillo, chef de l’expédition, arrive donc à Panama en 1568 dans le cadre de la route des Indes. Immédiatement, il écrit à François de Borgia, préposé général, pour lui demander de faire de cette ville une mission stable, et par-dessus tout, le siège de la Compagnie du Pérou. Face aux réticences de Borgia et de ses successeurs, c’est seulement en 1578 que deux jésuites s’y établissent avec le concours des bourgeois et des autorités locales, après une mission dans les montagnes de Bayano contre les Noirs marron. A travers l’étude croisée des sources de la Compagnie et celles de la monarchie, nous avons pu définir le type de domicile que les disciples d’Ignace de Loyola implantent à Panama d’abord en cette année 1578, puis en 1585. A partir de cette deuxième date, ils entremêlent les missions citadines et rurales au travers desquelles il est possible d’analyser les relations qu’ils nouent avec les oligarchies locales, avec la monarchie et avec les dirigeants de l’Ordre du Pérou et de Rome. L’étude de ces relations permet donc de mettre en évidence les agissements des jésuites dans la société coloniale panaméenneThis dissertation examines the establishment and the action of the jesuits in the city of Panama from 1578 to 1671. This chronology corresponds to the creaction of the first Jesuit house in this city, and to the destruction of this one by the English privateer Henry Morgan. On his way to Lima, where he was to set up the Compagny with a few companions, JéronimoRuiz del Portillo, chief of the expedition, arrived in Panama in 1568 as part of Indian Route. Immediately, he wrote to Francis de Borgia, general attendant, asking him to make this city a stable mission, and above all, the headquarters of the Peruvian Compagny. Faced with the refusal of Borgia and his successors, it was only in 1578 that two Jesuits settled there with the help of the bourgeois and the local authorities, after a mission in the mountains of Bayano against the maroons. Through the cross-examination of the sources of the Compagny and those of the monarchy, we have been able to define the type of domicile that the disciples of Ignatius of Loyola established in Panama first in this year 1578 and then in 1585. From this second date, they intermingled the urban and rural missions through wich it is possible to analyse the relations that they established with the local oligarchies, with the monarchy and with the leaders of the Order of Peru and of Rome. The study of these relations makes it possible to highlight the actions of the Jesuits in the Panamanian colonial society
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Yonger, René. "Les projets de canal interocéanique préalables à celui de Panama." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030052.
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L’idée de réunir les océans Atlantique et Pacifique dans l’hémisphère nord remonte à la conquête européenne du Nouveau Monde, et parmi différentes voies envisageables furent retenues surtout le Mexique, l’Amérique centrale et la Colombie. L’intérêt d’une communication interocéanique dans l’isthme centraméricain justifié par le développement continu du commerce mondial, enclencha un long processus d’études, d’expéditions et de négociations. Ajournée durant plusieurs siècles en raison d’obstacles d’ordres divers (technique, financier, politique…), la faisabilité d’un canal devint possible à partir de 1870 grâce au progrès du génie civil notamment. L’intervention d’une autorité gouvernementale s’avéra cependant encore nécessaire pour assurer le succès de l’entreprise, et ce sont les Etats-Unis qui après leur choix final du tracé panaméen au dépens de celui du Nicaragua reprirent les travaux commencés en 1880 par F. De Lesseps et terminèrent le canal en 1914. Notre étude propose un historique des projets canaliers ayant précédé celui de PanamaThe idea to link the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in the Northern hemisphere came about with the conquest of the New World. The different possible solutions were crossing Mexico, Central America and Colombia. There had always been keen interest in linking the two oceans through the American continent; interest justified by the continuous development of world trade and which started a process of studies, expeditions and negociations over the centuries. Even if, for a long time, all the projects failed due to technical, financial and political problems, the feasibility of the canal became possible in the XIXth century thanks to the progress accomplished in civil engineering. However, the intervention of a governmental authority was needed to ensure success. Eventually, the U. S. A. Took over the project started in 1880 by F. De Lesseps which favoured the route through Panama over the route through Nicaragua. The canal was finished in 1914. This study offers a historical presentation of the various projects prior to the Panama canal
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Viquez, Bladimir. "Le Canal de Panama : mémoire et identité d’une nation : une reconstruction historique-littéraire de la route de l’Isthme de Panama." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20015.
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Le Canal de Panama est une référence nationale et mondiale. L’idée d’un canal a émergé dès la colonie espagnole. Cette thèse est une étude sociocritique qui représente une vision littéraire des faits historiques. Ces faits révèlent les perturbations de la société panaméenne marquée par la présence des sociétés étrangères tout au long de l’histoire de l’Isthme de Panama : la période coloniale, la période d’union à la Colombie et la présence états-unienne installée sur le territoire de Panama en raison de l’existence du Canal. Cette réalité historique nous révèle que le Canal représente une manifestation sociale et identitaire que les écrivains enregistrent comme la mémoire d'une société. Cette étude permettra de révéler une relation entre les aspects historiques et le discours littéraire qui naît de la réalité controversée et complexe qui a eu un impact dans la vie du peuple de Panama et de l'Amérique Latine. Ce problème oblige à voir le discours comme une expérience collective et sociale couplée avec le travail et les expériences des auteurs devenant la voix de la société. L’Isthme de Panama et le Canal sont un passage obligé pour le commerce mondial qui a engendré la migration, le mélange culturel, des idiosyncrasies et la mise en place d'une cellule impérialiste qui a lacéré la nationalité et l’identité du peuple panaméenThe panama canal is a national and global reference. The canal’s idea emerged from the Spanish colony. This thesis is a Social critic study which represents a literary vision of the historical events. Those facts reveal disturbance of the Panamanian society marked by the presence of foreign society all along the Isthmus of Panama history: The colonial period, the Colombia’s union period and the presence of the north American settled in the Panamanian territory for the Panamanian canal. This historical reality reveals that Panama canal represent a social and identity manifestation which writers describe as the memory of the society. This study reveals a relation between the historical aspects and the literary discourse which is born from the controversy and complex reality that impact the Panamanian lives and the Latin Americans. This problem obliged to see the discourse as a collective and societal experience linked with the worked of the authors which become the society voce. The Isthmus of Panama and the canal are a obliged crossing for the international business which leads to migration, the cultural mix, the idiosyncrasies, and the creation of an imperialist unit which tear apart the identity and nationality of the Panamanian people
El Canal de Panamá es una referencia mundial. La idea de un canal por el Istmo data de la colonia española. Esta tesis es un estudio sociocrítico que representa una visión literaria de los hechos históricos. Estos hechos revelan las perturbaciones de la sociedad panameña marcadas por la presencia de sociedades extranjeras a lo largo de su historia: el periodo colonial, el periodo de unión a Colombia y el periodo de la presencia de los Estados Unidos instalada sobre el territorio de Panamá en razón de la existencia del Canal. Esta realidad nos revela que el Canal de Panamá representa una manifestación social e identitaria que los escritores registran como memoria de una sociedad. Este estudio permitirá revelar una relación entre los aspectos históricos y el discurso literario que nace de la realidad controvertida y compleja que ha tenido un impacto en la vida del pueblo panameño y de América Latina. Este problema obliga a ver el discurso poético como experiencia colectiva y social amalgamada al trabajo y a las experiencias de los autores que se convierten en voz de la sociedad. El Istmo de Panamá y el Canal son un paso obligado para el comercio mundial que ha engendrado la migración, la mezcla cultural, idiosincrasias diferentes y el establecimiento de una célula imperialista que ha lacerado la identidad del panameño
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Gaël-Moutou, Marie-Françoise. "L'émigration des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais au Panama et la contribution de leur descendance à l'essor de la Nation de 1880 à 2008." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0393/document.
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Nous traiterons successivement des circonstances de l'émergence du Panama depuis la période précolombienne, les premières expéditions espagnoles à la recherche d'un détroit vers les Indes, de l'indépendance du Panama. Dans la première partie, nous traiteront de l'Isthme du Panama comme terre de passage et de son Canal de1880 à 1914, du rêve séculaire à la réalité où, successivement, nous étudierons son destin français, sa position entre intérêts français et aspirations américaines. Les États-Unis et le Panama nous conduiront à traiter de l'installation des Américains, la construction du Canal (1904-1914) ; les traités Carter-Torrijos, entre compromis et ambiguïtés. La deuxième partie traitera des stratégies de développement du Panama; l'importance des facteurs socioéconomiques et la dynamique des structures sociopolitiques seront mises en exergue. L'intégration des Antillais de Guadeloupe et de Martinique dans le cercle communautaire panaméen de 1914 à nos jours. Àcet égard, nous traiterons des apports de la culture antillaise dans la représentation panaméenne, un brassage culturel. En troisième lieu, leur contribution à l'essor de la nation. Il s'agira ici d'étudier les arts et la culture, la musique et les danses, la littérature et la linguistique de même que les revendications culturelles des minorités ethniques. Enfin, nous orienterons nos recherches sur la question de l'unité panaméenne à l'aube du Ille millénaire, l'organisation des diverses communautés et l'installation européenne au PanamaWe will successively deal with the circumstances of the emergence of Panama since the pre-Colum bian period, the first Spanish shipping expeditions in search of a strait towards India, and the independence of Panama. ln the first part, we shall deal with the Isthmus of Panama as a land of passage and with its Channel from 1880 to 1914, from the secular dream to reality where, successively, we shall study its French fate, its position in regards to French interests and American aspiration. The relationship between the United States and Panama will lead us to deal with the settling of the Americans, the construction of the Channel (1904-1914), the "Carter-Torrijos" treaties, between compromises and ambiguities. The second part will deal with strategies of development for Panama; the importance of socioeconomic factors and the dynamics of the sociopolitical structures will be highlighted. The integration of the people of Guadeloupe and Martinique in the Panamanian community circle from 1914 to nowadays. In this respect, we shall treat contributions of the French West Indian culture within the Panamanian representation; the cultural admixture. In the third part, their contribution at the development of the Panamanian nation. The issue will be to study arts and culture, music and dances, Iiterature and Iinguistics as weil as the cultural demands from ethnic minorities. Finally, we shall direct our researches towards the question of Panamanian unity at the dawn of the third millennium, the organization of the diverse communities and the European settling in Panama
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Gracia, Guillermina-Itzel de. "De Tierra Firme a Natá: La Retaguardia de la Conquista de Centro y Sudamérica (1501-1560)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672648.
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La dominación española en América se caracterizó por ser un proceso de ensayo y error, que se materializó en la sucesiva creación de ciudades, como espacios físicos donde debían adaptarse nuevos y diferentes modos de vida, a la vez que servían para concentrar a la mano de obra indígena a evangelizar. De esta manera, los conquistadores dominaron rápidamente la zona, mientras registraban información de carácter etnográfico sobre la población indígena y se cartografiaban los nuevos territorios.
Fundar ciudades fue decisivo para la conquista de las nuevas tierras. Los cambios drásticos para las poblaciones que entraron en “contacto” sucedieron en dos vías: la dominante y la dominada, aunque sin duda esta última se llevó la peor parte. Más de cinco siglos han pasado y todavía sigue despertando un gran entusiasmo en quienes nos encargamos de utilizar la historia como una herramienta para entender el presente de las sociedades.
Esta investigación se centra en indagar los primeros años de vida colonial de la Ciudad de Natá, fundada por Pedrarias Dávila, quien había llegado en 1513 a la zona del Darién con las ordenanzas establecidas por Rey Fernando, convirtiéndole en su representante en la Gobernación de Castilla del Oro de Tierra Firme. Los acontecimientos que aquí se narran revelan cómo en las primeras décadas del siglo XVI la principal máxima era poblar y es que “solo poblando, se conquistará la tierra”, como bien apuntó el historiador Francisco López de Gómara.
La ciudad de Santa María la Antigua del Darién fue el lugar para comenzar las expediciones de reconocimiento y es desde allí que en 1514 Gonzalo de Badajoz emprendió camino hacia el centro del istmo. Así es como otro colonizador de nombre Gaspar de Espinosa, con su título de alcalde mayor, siguió el sendero abierto por su antecesor. Las expediciones de Badajoz y Espinosa son referentes para conocer aquellas primeras pesquisas sobre Natá como cacique y cacicazgo; sus descripciones nos dan a conocer esa parte del istmo como una zona bien poblada y de fértiles suelos, siendo ambas características necesarias para la permanencia continua.
Quizás una de las mayores cualidades de la gestión de Pedrarias fuera su cautela, esto se asevera porque la segunda expedición de Espinosa de 1519 tenía una doble función: por un lado, obtener y hacer llegar rápidamente los alimentos a la recién fundada ciudad de Panamá; y por otro, ir consolidando la posibilidad de seleccionar el sitio ideal para fundar otra ciudad. Esto último, solo se podía garantizar tras la experiencia de haber vivido en esas tierras. Un año le tomó a la hueste de Espinosa comprobar las cualidades de la zona y asegurar el suministro de los suficientes bastimentos, necesarios para la manutención de los vecinos y de la gran Ciudad de Panamá.
Es así como el 20 de mayo de 1522, el mismísimo Pedrarias, en un evento protocolar, llevó a cabo la fundación de Natá, como la segunda ciudad del litoral del Mar del Sur. Este hecho ha llegado hasta nuestros días gracias a los sucesivos gobernantes que han resguardado y realizado oportunas y fieles transcripciones de su Acta de Fundación, documento valioso como ninguno, que nos permite hoy en día poder interpretar los acontecimientos que se llevaron a cabo hace ya casi 500 años.The City of Natá was founded on May 20th, 1522, by Pedrarias Dávila, Governor of Castilla del Oro. For a year before its foundation, the high mayor of said governorship, Gaspar de Espinosa, had been living there with his host of men to guarantee the good disposition of the land. In this area of the isthmus of Panamá where Natá is, there is evidence for human occupation from at least a thousand years before the arrival of the Spanish. At the moment of the invasion, the area was governed by chief Natá, whose name was kept when the colonial city was founded. This dissertation references that Prehispanic past and the transformation of the indigenous settlement into a colonial city. The official recording document of the foundation has been relied upon to partake in this historiographical narrative, which allows us to recreate the first moments of life of the city and analyze its purposes besides serving as a “granary city”. At the same time, this work analyzes the different depopulation periods, such as the most acute crisis the colonial city lived through in those first few years of life. In 1534 part of its inhabitants left for the conquest of Perú and in the mid-16th century the elimination of the indigenous “encomienda” system drove its citizens to live in their rural estates or farms, establishing new population strategies in the zone. Natá is located in the same place were it was founded by the Europeans almost 500 years ago. This research encourages us to reflect on how the reconstruction of historical memory can further the comprehension of the development of today’s Panamanian population.
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Hidalgo, Pérez Marta. "Una historia atlántica en el Panamá del siglo XVI: los «Negros de Portobelo» y la villa de Santiago del Príncipe." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666875.
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En el siglo XVI, el istmo panameño se convirtió en el territorio más estratégico de la Corona española en ultramar. Las dos principales ciudades del istmo, Panamá, en la Mar del Sur, y Nombre de Dios –posteriormente Portobelo–, en la Mar del Norte, fueron conectadas por el Camino Real, ruta por donde cruzaba el oro y la plata de las Indias. Esa importante vía fue clave en la economía de la Corona, sin embargo, nunca estuvo segura. De la esclavitud negra introducida en el territorio como principal motor económico surgió, paradójicamente, la mayor amenaza para la economía del reino: el cimarronaje. El ataque de los cimarrones al camino y las principales ciudades, así como sus alianzas con los corsarios, pusieron en peligro la estabilidad del orden colonial en el territorio.
El cimarronaje se convirtió en uno de los nexos de unión entre la metrópolis y su colonia, pues a través del Atlántico cruzaron en ambos sentidos cartas, relaciones y reales cédulas con el fin de acabar con éste. Sin embargo, ante la inefectividad de la lucha armada por parte de los españoles, a las autoridades coloniales no les quedó otra solución que negociar la paz con las principales comunidades cimarronas del istmo y, como resultado de ello, planificar y fundar villas de negros libres.
Por la importancia que el cimarronaje tuvo para el desarrollo de la historia colonial del istmo, esta tesis tiene como objetivo analizar el citado fenómeno durante el siglo XVI –especialmente a través del grupo conocido como los «negros de Portobelo»– desde una perspectiva atlántica y proponer por primera vez una aproximación a la desconocida historia de Santiago del Príncipe, la que podría ser considerada la primera villa de negros libres de América.In the sixteenth century, the Panamanian isthmus became the Spanish Crown’s most strategic overseas territory. The isthmus’s two main cities, Panama, in the Pacific, and Nombre de Dios, later Portobelo, in the Atlantic, were connected by the Camino Real, a road that allowed the gold and silver of the Americas to cross en route to Europe. This vital roadway was key to the economy of the Crown, but it was never safe. Paradoxically, the greatest threat to the coffers of the realm arose from black slavery, which had been introduced into America as the main driver of the economy. The attacks by the maroons (escaped slaves) on the Camino and on the main cities, as well as the alliances they built up with the corsairs, posed a real threat to the stability of the colonial order. The concept of marronage became one of the links of union between the metropolis and its colony, since letters, reports and royal decrees crossed the Atlantic in both directions as the colonial authorities sought ways of bringing it to an end. When their military methods proved ineffective, they were obliged to negotiate with the main maroon communities of the isthmus and, as a result, to plan and found villages of free blacks. In view of the importance of marronage in the development of the colonial history of the isthmus, this thesis aims to analyse the phenomenon during the sixteenth century through a study of the group known as the negros de Portobelo from an Atlantic perspective, and to present a preliminary study of the little known history of Santiago del Príncipe, which could be considered the first village of free blacks in America.
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Siudzinski, Meghan Habas. "History, Memory, and [Archaeological?] Heritage at Nombre De Dios, Panama." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626556.
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Adames, María De Los Angeles. ""No Place Like Home:" Revitalization in the Neighborhood of San Felipe de Neri in the Historic District of Panama [City], Panama." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74426.
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San Felipe de Neri, a neighborhood located in the Historic District of Panama, is the object of physical, economic and social transformations that are affecting its residents' daily lives. Revitalization and gentrification drive these transformations as wealthy Panamanians invest in the neighborhood, and affluent foreigners flock to it since it became a World Heritage Site in 1997. This dissertation addresses perceptions and reactions residents have because of these physical, economic and social challenges.
This study poses four main questions: 1. What physical, economic, and social (quality of life) changes have taken place in the Historic District of San Felipe from the early twentieth century to the present? To what extent are these changes the result of global processes, local processes, or both? 2. How do residents perceive these changes? Is there any significant difference in opinions and attitudes among residents regarding changes that revitalization and gentrification impose on the neighborhood? If so, how and why are they different? 3. To what extent have residents participated in these transformations? and 4. How do residents who have been relocated perceive these changes?
My research analyzes Smith's five characteristics of a third wave of gentrification: first, the transformed role of the state; second, the penetration by global finance; third, changing levels of political opposition; fourth, geographical dispersal; and fifth, the sectoral generalization of gentrification and its relevance for my case study of San Felipe.
This methodology enlists quantitative and qualitative methods to address these research questions to gain insight about residents' perspectives regarding these transformations. Findings indicate that both residents and ex-residents of San Felipe view the outcomes of revitalization and gentrification in mixed ways. Both groups mostly agree that the improvement of the physical conditions of the neighborhood is a positive outcome for preserving the material heritage, and for encouraging international and national tourism benefiting the country.
Regardless of their economic and social status, residents claim that the place where they have lived for a long time is no longer theirs, except in their memories. They face the threat of eviction and an uncertain future. Former residents—those who have been displaced—have mixed views as well. On the one hand, they have improved their living standards because they now have better housing infrastructures. On the other hand, their new locations are scattered about the city and are often in dangerous areas that lack the amenities of San Felipe. Others feel that in the process they have lost a home; a place filled with meaningful memories and to which one day they dream of returning.
A diverse residential population is the only way to save historic centers from becoming museums that present a pastiche and a 'façadism' catered to the international consumer. Preserving the human and physical patrimony is the most viable way to achieve sustainability and development in historic areas.
Associations had no permanent places to meet with residents. This eroded the desire of residents to participate, and encouraged them to accept whatever owners wanted to give them to move out of the neighborhood. In the end, they became disenfranchised.
A lack of both leadership and strong social movements, and the dissemblance of grass-root organizations through co-optation, clientelism, and even deception became the norm in the neighborhood.Ph. D.
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Zenger, Robin Elizabeth. "West Indians in Panama: Diversity and Activism, 1910s – 1940s." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581411.
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At least 50,000 working-class laborers from the West Indies, many of them poor and unemployed, remained with their families in central Panama after the construction of the Panama Canal in 1914. Over the next thirty years, along with a small number of West Indian professionals, religious leaders, and business owners, they established ways to sustain themselves in locales, both in Panama and the American-controlled Canal Zone, where they faced challenges and opposition. Their sizable presence interrupted ideals of elite politicians in Panama to Hispanicize the population. Nationalist Panamanians stigmatized them as culturally different competitors for canal maintenance jobs, and lacking in loyalty to the state because they clung to English and their British colonial citizenship. In the Canal Zone, they faced racial segregation and second-class status. This dissertation examines critical physical and cultural spaces the immigrants created to foster community, provide social and economic security, educate their children, and as a corollary, develop new identities. Using archival material, land records, interviews and historical newspapers from Panama and the United States, and informed by a wide range of secondary sources, the chapters examine the activism of West Indians, in the context of Panamanian historical trends. The case studies analyze involvement of the immigrants in three particular settings: as members of voluntary associations called lodges, as renters and residents of neighborhoods, and as shapers of education for their children, who were born into citizenship in Panama. West Indians had come to Panama from different island cultures and maintained many differences, yet in these settings they developed commonalities and shared experiences as West Indian Panamanians. In the process, West Indian immigrants influenced Panama's development in ways little acknowledged in Panamanian or American national, social or economic history.
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Sorrell, Geoffrey Gordon. "Natural history and conservation of the Eyelash palm-pitviper (Bothriechis schlegelii) in western Panama." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Theses/SORRELL_GEOFFREY_16.pdf.
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Barros, Júlia Maria Junqueira de. "Missões do Imperialismo: Erasmo Braga, Congresso do Panamá e panamericanismo." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2014. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/487.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
O presente trabalho visa colaborar para o enriquecimento da discussão acerca das relações entre religião e os diversos âmbitos da vida social. Aqui se buscou compreender os pontos de vista vigentes nos meios protestantes e no seio do movimento missionário no inicio do século XX. Procurou-se fazer isso através de fontes primárias, produzidas por Erasmo Braga e pelas comissões relatoras do Congresso da Ação Cristã na América Latina, o Congresso do Panamá e da leitura de obras acerca da história do movimento missionário protestante, da historia do protestantismo, do movimento de cooperação, das teologias em desenvolvimento no século XX, de obras biográficas sobre Erasmo Braga, bem como obras de história geral, do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos. Nossa intenção foi estabelecer as relações entre o movimento religioso, as questões sociais, econômicas, históricas em andamento à época e compreender as influências de todas essas questões no movimento missionário e a reação deste e de Erasmo Braga às variáveis levantadas.
The present work intends to collaborate for the enrichment of the discussion on religion and it’s relations with the various aspects of social life. Here we sought to understand the points of view prevailing in Protestant circles and within the missionary movement in the early twentieth century. We sought to do this through primary sources produced by Erasmo Braga and by the committees of the Congress on Christian Work in Latin America, the Congress of Panama (1916) and also by reading works about the history of the Protestant missionary movement, the history of Protestantism, the cooperative movement, the theologies being developed in the twentieth century, biographical works about Erasmo Braga, as well as works of Brazilian and the United States general histories. Our intention was to establish the relationship between the religious movement, the social, economic and historical issues in progress at the time, and to understand this issues influence over the missionary movement and the reactions of this movement and of Erasmo Braga to the raised variables.
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Arriola, Ranc Magali. "The sweet burnt smell of history a self-reflexive analysis on the conception of the 8th Panama Biennial /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1470593.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed January 19, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-86).
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Iizuka, Fumie. "Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293475.
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Despite the association of the first pottery with food production and sedentism, case studies show hunter gatherers with different degrees of sedentism commonly adopted ceramics. Monagrillo ware (∼ 4500-3200 BP), central Panama, early in Central America, was made by egalitarian slash and burn farmers, cultivating domesticated seed and root crops. People occupied inland rockshelters and coastal shell middens. Their degree of sedentism is debated. It is unclear whether they were sedentary both in the inland and the coast exchanging resources or whether inland people visited the coast during dry periods. Their pottery functions are not well understood. I provenanced and studied production processes and diagenesis of Monagrillo pottery combining life history approach and archaeometric methods. I assessed the degree of sedentism of people and inferred vessel functions producers expected. I studied diagenesis because it probably affects analytical results. My study showed that pottery was produced and used in the foothills and on the coast, possibly, in the plains, of the seasonally dry Pacific side of Panama. This suggested that people were sedentary in areas surrounding Parita Bay. Vessels from the Pacific foothills were transported to perennially wet Caribbean slopes; where production was difficult due to precipitation. According to technical choices made, I infer that potters in the Pacific foothills opted for useful and dependable designs, for cooking. Transportability and resistance to weathering were also important. Pacific coastal producers may have chosen designs for cooking-related attributes, but not transportation. Finally, a Pacific plains intermediate site had a high proportion of vessels from both the Pacific foothills and the coast and had a high proportion of decorated sherds. This site may have had special functions such as for meeting, feasting, and exchange. All producers shared manufacturing techniques indicating relatedness. Sherds excavated from the Caribbean zone and the Pacific coast had different diagenetic patterns suggesting climatic differences; this identification helped source pottery. My work contributes to knowledge about pottery origins and degrees of sedentism, technical choices made to reach functional needs, and climatic impact on production and post-depositional changes.
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De, Benedictis Maria Paola. "Historic Building Information Modelling: il caso della Rocca di San Felice sul Panaro." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Find full textAbstract:
Il Building Information Modelling nasce da un processo di integrazione sostenibile, basato sull'interoperabilità dei processi. La caratteristica vincente è la circolarietà delle informazioni: ogni informazione è gestita come parametro di un ricco e complesso modello parametrico dell'edificio; la geometria, i materiali, i costi ed i tempi sono gestiti come parametri internamente collegati e quindi variabili di uno stesso sistema. Nel caso di beni storici, la maggior parte degli edifici possiede vincoli intrinseci che influenzano tali parametri. I materiali non possono essere scelti liberamente, in quanto parte di un organismo esistente, la geometria dell'edificio è definita e difficilmente sarà variata negli interventi di recupero. Nella presente tesi si applica il metodo CLOUD2FEM al mondo dell'Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) concentrandosi sullo studio della Rocca Estense di San Felice sul Panaro, colpita dal sisma dell'Emilia e attualmente inagibile. La procedura CLOUD2FEM permette di trasformare le informazioni ricavate dal laser scanner in mesh chiuse e regolari, generando in modo semi-automatico un modello FEM 3D. Nel caso di costruzioni complesse, la cui geometria non può essere ricondotta a modelli semplificati, è necessario valutare l'attendibilità del modello strutturale. Nel caso in esame, la validazione è stata condotta mediante il confronto del danno rilevato con il danno simulato. La flessibilità del modello permette di aggiungere dettagli inizialmente non rilevati: ogni informazione è inserita nel modello attraverso un parametro differente, al fine di eseguire analisi sullo stato di fatto e su futuri stati di progetto con semplice aggiornamento dei parametri.
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Diez, Hurtado Alejandro. "Aldana, Susana. Poderes de una región de frontera. Comercio y familia en el norte (Piura, 1700-1830). Lima: Panaca, 1999, 303 pp." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/121942.
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Watkins, III Jerry T. "Underneath the Rainbow: Queer Identity and Community Building in Panama City and the Florida Panhandle 1950 - 1990." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_theses/31.
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The decades after World War II were a time of growth and change for queer people across the country. Many chose to move to major metropolitan centers in order to pursue a life of openness and be part of queer communities. However, those people only account for part of the story of queer history. Other queer people chose to stay in small towns and create their own queer spaces for socializing and community building. The Gulf Coast of Florida is a place where queer people chose to create queer community where they lived through such actions as private house parties and opening bars. The unique place of the Gulf Coast as a tourist destination allowed queer people to build and join communication networks that furthered the growth of a sense of community leading ultimately to the founding of Bay AIDS Services and Information Coalition in 1989.
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Wegner, Wencke [Verfasser], Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Wörner, and Bent T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hansen. "History and geochemical evolution of igneous rocks forming the Panama land bridge since Late Cretaceous / Wencke Wegner. Gutachter: Gerhard Wörner ; Bent T. Hansen. Betreuer: Gerhard Wörner." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1042346674/34.
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Andersson, Anthony W. "We Are a People of Stone and Mud: Nationalism, Development, and Nature in Panama’s Darién, 1968-1980." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1275658499.
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Thiercelin, Nicolas [Verfasser], and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Schubart. "Impact of life history and ecology on rate of diversification and speciation, as exemplified by thoracotreme crabs along the western tropical Atlantic and on both sides of the Isthmus of Panama / Nicolas Thiercelin ; Betreuer: Christoph Schubart." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116080079/34.
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Vasquez, Cesar A. "A History of the United States Caribbean Defense Command (1941-1947)." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2458.
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The United States Military is currently organized along the lines of regional combatant commands (COCOMs). Each COCOM is responsible for all U.S. military activity in their designated area of responsibility (AOR). They also deal with diplomatic issues of a wide variety with the countries within their respective AORs. Among these COCOMs, Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), whose AOR encompasses all of Central and South America (less Mexico) and the Caribbean, is one of the smallest in terms of size and budget, but has the longest history of activity among the COCOMs as it is the successor to the first joint command, the United States Caribbean Defense Command (CDC 1941-1947).
Existing from 1941 to 1947, the CDC was tasked with protecting the Panama Canal, the Canal Zone, and all its access points as well as defending the region from Axis aggression and setting up a series of U.S. bases throughout the Caribbean from which to project U.S. military power after World War II. Throughout its short history, however, the CDC was plagued with the same types of resource scarcity that its successor commands would later experience. Early successes, as well as the progress of the war saw to it that the original mission of the Command was quickly rendered moot. Ironically, it was partially the success of the U.S. war effort that kept the CDC from ever reaching its full potential. Nevertheless, the CDC evolved into something different than had originally been envisioned. In the end, it became the model that other COCOMs would follow after November 1947 when the system of regional combatant commands was formally established. Although some research has been conducted into the history of these commands, this dissertation is the first academic attempt to chronicle the history of the United States Caribbean Defense Command.
Research into this topic involved combing through the Archives of the United States Southern Command in its offices in Miami, Florida (SOUTHCOM Archives), as well as the CDC archives in Record Group 548 in the U.S. National Archives II in Suitland, Maryland. Secondary sources as well as references regarding treaties and international agreements were also consulted as necessary.
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Amado, Gonzales Donato. "Sistema de tenencia de tierras de ayllus y panacas incas en el Valle del Cuzco, siglos xvi-xvii." Doctoral thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/12496.
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El valle del Cuzco, está conformado por dos clases de nobleza inca: los
descendientes de los gobernantes incas y la gente reconocida como parientes
lejanos de los incas. El estudio del sistema de tenencia de tierras de los ayllus
y panacas, es importancia para entender la organización social de los incas,
nobles de privilegio y el sistema complejo de ceques y huacas. Los ayllus
reales de Hanan Cusco, conforman los descendientes por línea paterna de los
incas gobernantes y situados en el sector del Chinchaysuyu y Antisuyu, del
norte al sur margen izquierda del valle del Cusco y son: la descendientes de
Huayna Capac, "Ayllu Tomibamba", Tupa Inca Yupanqui, el "Capac Ayllu",
Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, el "Hatun Ayllu"; Viracocha Inca el Zuczo Ayllu,
Yahuar Huacac- Aucaylli Ayllu; Inca Roca -Ayllu Vicaquirao; Capac YupanquiAyllu
Apomayta; Lloque Yupanqui -Ayllu Haguainin o Andamachay; Sinche
Roca - Ayllu Raorao y de Manco Capac, el Ayllu Chima. En Cambio, la
parcialidad de Hurin Cuzco, constituían “los panaguarmis o esposa y hermana
carnal del inca gobernante” ubicados en el sector del Collasuyu y Cuntisuyu,
en este espacio el parentesco fueron señalados como “panacas” y se ubican
del sur al norte del valle del Cusco. Así: Iñacapanaca, Ayllu Panaca Aucaylli,
Zuczo panaca, Apomayta panaca, Vicaquirao panaca, Raurau, Chima panaca,
Uscamayta panaca y Hauainin panaca. Del centro administrativo político y
religioso, de la traza urbana inca, nacen todo un sistema de caminos de
integración hacia los pueblos de los cuatros suyus del Gran Estado del
Tawantinsuyu. Explica de qué manera las Kanchas o palacios de los incas
gobernantes dieron paso a la formación y establecimiento de las casas
principales de los vecinos feudatarios y el surgimiento de los espacios públicos,
como la plaza mayor al interior de la Parroquia Matriz de los españoles.Tesis
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Amaral, Aline Moreira do. "A representação da mulher em O Círculo de Jafar Panahi: o Irã, o Islã e o cinema (1979-2001)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12900.
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Previous issue date: 2015-09-22Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation examines the representation of women in the film The Circle , the Iranian director Jafar Panahi, reaching the so-called new Iranian cinema , and explore the boundaries of cinematic art of social intervention, its articulation with the censorship and the Islam in post- revolutionary Iran processes. From the Cultural History seeks to answer the following questions: How the Iranian Revolution has shaped your cinema? What is the role of women in his works of art? As Jafar Panahi represented the woman in The Circle ? What are your influences? I analyze these issues from the historian's point of view, using the filmic document , which approach have several possibilities became a rich working tool , capable of providing multiple interpretations and thoughts
Esta dissertação analisa a representação da mulher no filme O Círculo , do diretor iraniano Jafar Panahi, situando-se no chamado novo cinema iraniano , além de explorar as barreiras da arte cinematográfica de intervenção social, sua articulação com a censura e a religião islâmica nos processos pós-revolucionários do Irã. A partir da História Cultural busca-se responder as seguintes perguntas: Como a Revolução Iraniana moldou o seu cinema? Qual o papel da mulher em suas obras de arte? Como Jafar Panahi representou a mulher em O Círculo ? Quais suas influências? Analisarei essas questões a partir da ótica do historiador, utilizando o documento fílmico, que por possuir diversas possibilidades de abordagem tornou-se um rico instrumento de trabalho, capaz de fornecer interpretações e múltiplos pensamentos
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Ribeiro, Carmem Adriane. "Imagens negociadas : retratos de fam?lia pelas lentes do est?dio Foto Klos nas d?cadas de 1930 e 1940 em Panambi - RS." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6892.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This research paper discusses about the photographic production of the Photo Klos studio in Panambi (RS) in the 1930s and 1940s. Founded in 1913 in Panambi in the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul by immigrant Wilhelm Adam Klos, the studio remains as venture family until the present day, accounting a century of existence. The time frame established by the survey corresponds to the period when Frieda Doeth Klos took over the administrative activities and photographic studio. The research aimed to understand the moments that involved the negotiation for the production of family images consumption and circulation of photographs. Besides consulting the private studio collection - pictures and documents - interviews and reproduction of the images to used in the study produced by glass negatives were also made. Among the results of the research it is said that the photographs were used as a means of legitimizing the family outside the local society and the family and friends far away, seeing that the most of those portrayed in the being twentieth century, who besides be remembered, sought through images demonstrate their material progress.
O presente trabalho de pesquisa problematiza a produ??o fotogr?fica do est?dio Foto Klos em Panambi (RS) nas d?cadas de 1930 e 1940. Fundado em 1913 em Panambi na regi?o Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul pelo imigrante Adam Wilhem Klos, o est?dio se mant?m como empreendimento familiar at? os dias atuais, contabilizando um s?culo de exist?ncia. O recorte temporal estabelecido pela pesquisa corresponde ao per?odo em que Frieda Doeth Klos assumiu as atividades administrativas e fotogr?ficas do est?dio. A pesquisa buscou entender os momentos que envolveram a negocia??o para a produ??o das imagens de fam?lia, o consumo e a circula??o das fotografias. Al?m da consulta ao acervo particular do est?dio - imagens e documentos -, tamb?m foram realizadas entrevistas e a reprodu??o das imagens utilizadas no trabalho a partir de negativos de vidro. Entre os resultados da pesquisa destaca-se que as fotografias foram utilizadas como forma de legitimar a fam?lia perante a sociedade local, familiares e amigos distantes, visto que a maioria dos retratados no in?cio do s?culo XX eram imigrantes ou descendentes, que al?m de serem lembrados, buscavam por meio das imagens demonstrar seu progresso material.
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Stoll-Davey, Camille. "Global comparison of hedge fund regulations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d08de3ea-6818-46cf-96b1-1bbb785a7504.
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The regulation of hedge funds has been at the centre of a global policy debate for much of the past decade. Several factors feature in this debate including the magnitude of current global investments in hedge funds and the potential of hedge funds to both generate wealth and destabilise financial markets. The first part of the thesis describes the nature of hedge funds and locates the work in relation to four elements in existing theory including regulatory competition theory, the concept of differential mobility as identified by Musgrave, Kane’s concept of the regulatory dialectic between regulators and regulatees, and the concept of unique sets of trust and confidence factors that individual jurisdictions convey to the market. It also identifies a series of questions that de-limit the scope of the present work. These include whether there is evidence that regulatory competition occurs in the context of the provision of domicile for hedge funds, what are the factors which account for the current global distribution of hedge fund domicile, what latitude for regulatory competition is available to jurisdictions competing to provide the domicile for hedge funds, how is such latitude shaped by factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the competing jurisdictions, and why do the more powerful onshore jurisdictions competing to provide the domicile for hedge funds not shut down their smaller and weaker competitors? The second part of the thesis examines the regulatory environment for hedge funds in three so-called offshore jurisdictions, specifically the Cayman Islands, Bermuda and the British Virgin Islands, as well as two onshore jurisdictions, specifically the United Kingdom and the United States. The final section presents a series of conclusions and their implications for both regulatory competition theory and policy.
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Gerdes, Marti M. "Nevada Fall Corridor : a cultural landscape report." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/3937.
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xv, 298 p. ; ill. (chiefly col.), maps (chiefly col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: AAA F868.Y6 G47 2004This study describes existing conditions, evaluates significance and historic integrity, and recommends treatment strategies to preserve historic elements of the Nevada Fall Corridor cultural landscape in Yosemite National Park. It reports findings from field investigation that examined and inventoried landscape features such as stone retaining walls, treadway material, bridges and causeways, and water features on both current-use and abandoned trail segments. The site was examined numerous times over a three-month period, with a followup visit one year later. Libraries and other archives were consulted for written and photographic historic documentation, which were analyzed against current conditions. The process also involved review of comparison documents as well as national guidelines set forth by the National Park Service.
Adviser: Melnick, Robert Z.
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Hockenjos, Vreni. "Picturing Dissolving Views : August Strindberg and the Visual Media of His Age." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis : Almqvist & Wiksell International [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7024.
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Lightner, Delta R. (Delta Ruth) 1953. "The American civic architecture of the Panama Canal Zone, 1910-1920." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/12052.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 529-547).
Also available by subscription via World Wide Web
xxvi, 547 leaves, bound in 2 v. ill., maps, plans 29 cm
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George, Ana. "Historia, Nación y Género: La representación de la historia en El ataúd de uso y No pertenezco a este siglo de Rosa María Britton." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7863.
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The novel, as a genre, has been nourished since its inception by history. In this vein, literary production in Latin America has not been an exception. From the time of the conquest to the beginnings of the republican era, writers have seeded their narrative with their own lives and experiences. The emancipation of the Spanish colonies in America markedly changed the historical, political, economic and social framework of the colonists who, as writers, were the period?s strongest witnesses. The new American nations, in some cases, populated their histories with fiction, when the fiction meshed with the socio-political agenda. Some of the topics covered by this type of writing included mestizaje and social caste, topics that reinforced national utopian projects. The two historical works analyzed in this thesis present characteristics of 19th century romantic novels, especially El atuad de uso. Theories of the historical novel proposed by Gyorgy Lukacs, Anderson Imbert, Seymour Menton and Jose de Pierola form a foundation for this research and analysis. To demonstrate the relationship between the new nations and the romantic novels of the 19th century, this work draws on the research of Doris Sommer. The theory of narrative and historical representation proposed by Hayden White serves to clarify the idea of history and fiction in literature. The works of Michel Foucault, Simone de Beauvoir and Lucia Guerra-Cunningham helped capture the representation of woman throughout history.
The two novels studied in this work may be categorized as historical novels since they are anchored in real historical events. The historical representation of the characters follows loosely the model used in the 19th century. Throughout these novels background topics like mestizaje, social castes, and the role of women in the era serve as a realistic backdrop.
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Wegner, Wencke. "History and geochemical evolution of igneous rocks forming the Panama land bridge since Late Cretaceous." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B301-E.
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"When the rivers run backwards: Field studies and statistical analyses of campesino identity in northern Cocle province, Republic of Panama, in the face of the Panama Canal expansion." Tulane University, 2008.
Find full textAbstract:
This dissertation produces knowledge about peasants, called campesinos in the literature about Panama, living in northern Cocle province. The geographical area of northern Cocle has been redefined over time; as an indigenous reserve promised to Victoriano Lorenzo and indigenous inhabitants of the region in the early twentieth century, as national territory by the Omar Torrijos government, and, most recently, as part of the Panama Canal watershed and spatialized as an area of extreme poverty by the national government. The regional political organization and resistance movement Coordinadora Campesina Contra los Embalses (CCCE) is structured around the common identification of campesino. The CCCE employs liberation theology, and is allied with indigenous groups and the transnational Catholic Church. Contemporary identification as peasants limits residents' recognition of land rights at the national level, although ethnically they are indigenous cholos. Evidence from archival materials and oral history traces the CCCE political structure and resistance movement in a continuous and active struggle for land rights throughout many generations. Symbols such as boundary lines on maps, and images of the historical figure Victoriano Lorenzo, are used by national, business, and peasant entities to claim land Identity is complex and multiplex. This dissertation defines peasant identity in statistical terms using emic categories, transcending the binary categories of traditional/modern; rural/urban; and poverty/wealth used in customary peasant studies. Representative samples of campesinos from several locations in northern Cocle province are systematically interviewed. The resulting emic data are coded and analyzed statistically. Theories defining identity as a bundle of variables are used to envision identity as a multidimensional space. Factor analyses depict peasant identity as interrelated variables including age, gender, education, terms of self-identification, leadership, group membership, identification with community/village, migrations and movement, regionality/identification with the region, identification with the nation, identification as poor, awareness and understanding of the planned Canal expansion, religion, clothing, identification with land, and CCCE movement membership. A Guttman scale is developed using emic categories of poverty. The politics of development and poverty are discussed. The aim of this study is to describe identity in terms of emic perceptions, and in terms of nonobvious statistical resultsacase@tulane.edu
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Gaitan, Ammann Felipe. "Daring Trade: An Archaeology of the Slave Trade in Late-Seventeenth Century Panama (1663-1674)." Thesis, 2012. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8HT2W9H.
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This dissertation delves into both archaeological evidence and firsthand written sources in order to examine the material constitution of European slave traders' social life in the last years of existence of the Spanish colonial city of Panama, burnt down to the ashes following a piratic attack in 1671. It is based on the well-established and widely recognized premise that African captives played a transforming and profoundly disruptive role in Spanish colonial society, despite the dehumanized social status slaves were given in the early modern world. On the one hand, enslaved Africans were seen as necessary tradable objects without which the Spanish colonial enterprise could not have been sustained; on the other, colonial documents indicate that these captives were perceived as dangerous subjects seriously compromising the cultural basis of the colonial order. This work aims at demonstrating that the life trajectories of African slaves cannot be dissociated from those of their captors: it offers an alternative and indirect vision of the rich cultural experience of African people in the Americas by evaluating, both historically and archaeologically, the extent to which the cultural threat slaves manifestly represented for Western colonists in the New World determined or regulated the configuration of slave traders' lived spaces. This research builds upon an important legacy of archaeological investigation that has, at least since the 1960s, provided Afro-descendant communities in the Americas with powerful historical and material referents indispensable to recreate strong and socially significant ties with their own past. However, taking some distance from more traditional studies focusing on the development of creolized lifestyles in plantation and maroon contexts, this works offers an innovative perspective on the painful memories of the slave trade by interrogating the nature and scope of the consumption practices through which Western slavers defended their nowadays unthinkable commercial enterprise. In order to address this fundamental, but overlooked question in the archaeology of slavery, this study strongly engages with recent theorizations on the rich and complex concept of materiality, one which has contributed to reactivate material culture and social archaeology studies by empowering dormant, classic visions of the fascinating and unstable social bond relating people with the physical objects they create. In this study, archaeological and historical data testifying to colonial networks of material exchange are, thus, not simply described as mere reflections of past social performances; they are revealed as constitutive components of meaningful systems of sociability in which African slaves were inevitably trapped.
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Lindgren, C. E. (Carl Edwin). "A historical-comparative study of the county school systems of North and South Panola, Mississippi." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17218.
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This doctoral thesis deals with Panola County, a rural county in northwestern Mississippi. This
historical-comparative study provides insight into the various social, economic, and political
factors which have effected the development and diversity of education and schools in its two
distinct school systems existing above and below the county's Tallahatchie River.
Books, interviews, letters, newspapers, school records, state documents, United States census
reports, the Mississippi Official and Statistical Register, Biennial Reports, school financial
reports, school board minutes, and other local, state, and federal sources were scrutinized to
determine these changes within the county.
Based on an analysis of the information, starting in the 1830s, both sections of the county
became resentful over a battle regarding the site of the county's seat and courthouse. Because
of this dispute, resentment and bitterness developed between residents north and south of the
river which resulted in producing diverse educational methodology, school growth, curricula,
and school advertising. Because of the isolationism of the north portion of the county, residents
refused, or were unable, to attract new industry which would increase their tax base to support
the schools.
During racial integration in the late 1960s the county's southern school district was provided the
opportunity to co-operate with federal officials, black and white civic leaders, and community
residents to form a more progressive school system. South Panola, like North Panola, initially
did not desire integration, but by 1970 knew co-operation between all parties involved was
necessary, and this decision aided the southern district in obtaining additional federal funding
to make it one of the best school districts in the state. White residents in North Panola, refused
to form a co-operative scheme between blacks, whites, and the federal government and chose
instead to support the creation of private schools, further causing an environment leading to poor
educational leadership, corruption, and the near disintegration of the school district by the 1990sEducational Studies
D.Ed. (History of Education)
33
Reyes, Portia L. [Verfasser]. "Pantayong Pananaw and Bagong Kasaysayan in the new Filipino historiography : a history of Filipino historiography as an history of ideas / vorgelegt von Portia L. Reyes." 2002. http://d-nb.info/965563952/34.
Full text
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Hamilton, Sheila. "Panamanian Politics and Panama’s Relationship with the United States Leading up To the Hull-Alfaro Treaty." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5612.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explains the origins of the 1936 Hull-Alfaro Treaty between Panama and the United States. It examines how Panamanian politics and Panama’s relationship with the United States changed over the decades leading up to this new treaty. The Panama Railway and then the Panama Canal placed Panama in a unique position within the growing American Empire as the isthmus linked the United States to the resources it needed to fuel its domestic industry and to markets for its manufactured goods. Recurrent political unrest and economic challenges within Panama forced the Panamanian government to attempt to renegotiate its relationship with the United States. This work analyzes the changes within Panamanian society, United States foreign relations, and world affairs that led to the 1936 treaty succeeding where other treaty negotiations had not.Graduate
0336
skookum_1998@hotmail.com
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Chassé, Patrick. "“Hereticks for believing the Antipodes”: Scottish colonial identities in the Darien, 1698-1700." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/228.
Full textAbstract:
New Caledonia (1698-1700) was Scotland’s largest independent colonial venture. The scheme’s collapse crippled the country financially and was an important factor in the Anglo-Scottish Union of 1707. This project explores the identity of Scottish settlers who attempted to colonize the Darien region of modern Panama. Colonial identity is assessed by reconstructing the Scottish dialogue about the natural world, the aboriginal population, and the commonwealth. I contend that the ideology of improvement that shaped Scottish perceptions of utility and fertility in the Darien became a powerful moral discourse used to critique the colonists. This paper also chronicles Scottish aspirations to found an empire of trade and civility, uncovering the fundamental problems created by the idealization of the Tule as eager subjects of this new empire. Finally, I argue that Caledonia’s food shortages not only threatened the colonial government’s legitimacy, they also exposed divergent ideals of the commonwealth among the settlers.
36
Rowe, Ana-María. "El pensamiento poetico de León Felipe de la guerra al exilio, años 1936-1939: el poeta encuentra su voz definitiva." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1210.
Full textAbstract:
In this dissertation, the poetic thought of León Felipe is examined through the study of his works written during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), namely, Good bye, Panamá (1936); La insignia (1937); El payaso de las bofetadas y el pescador de caña (1938); and Español del éxodo y del llanto (1939).
The poet's biographical and poetic paths are outlined, as they are closely linked. A diachronic approach is used to analyse his fundamental ideas or themes that emerge, evolve and merge through his writings during this period which shaped his unique cosmo-vision.
The purpose of this dissertation is to study the works of the poet within the social-historical context in which they evolved, establish the importance of this period as the catalyst for his ideological and poetic thought, and analyse how these aspects are reflected in his poetry to give him a new and definitive voice.Classics & Modern European Languages
M. A. (Spanish)