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1
Sunkara, Rajeswari. "Effectiveness of Panchayath Raj Institutions in Rural Areas of Visakhapatnam, and Sufficiency of Grants to Panchayath." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 10, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8883.
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Panchayats have been the backbone of the Indian villages since the beginning of recorded history. Panchayat Raj is a system of governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of administration. The study was conducted in the Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, where a total of 100 rural respondents were selected through a simple random sampling technique. The objective of the study is to know the financial position of panchayat and their sufficiency in grants, the role of panchayat raj institutions in rural development, and satisfaction with the role of panchayat functionaries. Results indicated that the majority (78%) of the respondents were not satisfied with the grants provided to the panchayath is not sufficient, and most (78%) of the respondents were not satisfied with the financial position of the panchayath. The result of the study concluded that the majority of the people were not satisfied with the allocation of grants for particular panchayath is not sufficient.
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Das, Mamoni. "Panchayati Raj Institutions in India." Galore International Journal of Applied Sciences and Humanities 6, no. 2 (May 10, 2022): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijash.20220402.
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Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) is a system of rural local self-government in India. Panchayati Raj is a system of governance in which gram panchayats are the basic units of administration. It has 3 levels: village, block and district. “Panchayat” literally means assembly (yat) of five (panch) and ‘Raj’ literally means governance or government. Mahatma Gandhi advocated Panchayati Raj a decentralized form of Government where each village is responsible for its own affairs, as the foundation of India’s political system. His term for such a vision was “Gram Swaraj”(Village Self-governance).The dream of 'Gram Swaraj' of our beloved father of nation, Mahatma Gandhi and motto of 'Power to People' are essence of true democracy. The task of capacity building of these large numbers of Panchayats is quite gigantic exercise. As per the assessment of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj even after 22 years of enactment of 73rd Constitutional (Amendment) Act and also after having three rounds of Panchayat elections in many States in India the empowerment of Panchayats have not taken place as envisioned in the 73rd Constitution (Amendment) Act in 1992.The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution in 1992 gave Constitutional status to the Panchayats as institutions of local self government and also for planning and implementing programmes for economic development and social justice. The Panchayati Raj System is not a new concept and therefore is considered as one of the best ways of governance of the rural India. However, the System of Panchayati Raj despite having derived their power and existence from the constitution of India. In this paper discuss Panchayati raj Structure, Evolution, 73rd Constitutional (Amendment) Act, Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Panchayati Raj System in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Keywords: Panchayati Raj, Constitution, Amendment and development
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Maibam, Mangoljao, and B. Sharatchandra Sharma. "Local Self-Government in Manipur: A Case Study of Phayeng Gram Panchayat." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 3 (March 29, 2023): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230354.
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The institutions of local government have been functioning in India since time immemorial. The village elder’s council or village panchayat as they were popularly called, were, ancient institutions and were themselves functioning like a republic system of government. This local governance system has a distinct place, without which political system in India would have no authenticity. In Manipur also, since the early period, there was village level administration for every Loi (outcasted and low caste section of Manipuri society during the native rule in Manipur) village under the leadership of village Chief locally known as Khullakpa. He was assisted by other village officials. They were under the subjection of the King of Manipur. In the traditional village level administration, the Loi villages (especially of the Chakpa Loi origin villages like Sekmai, Phayeng, Andro etc.), the number of officers and their assignments were different from one Chakpa Loi village to another Chakpa Loi village mainly due to the different in nature and occupation of each of the Chakpa Loi village. Since the institution of the Panchayati Raj system was introduced in Manipur from early 1960s, under the United Provinces Panchayati Raj Act, 1947, the Phayeng Gram Panchayat was created as one of the Gram Panchayats under the extension of this Act in Manipur. And in Manipur, panchayat election was held in 1964. Since then, like other Gram Panchayats of Manipur, the Phayeng Gram Panchayat is also has been conducting elections till date. The present paper is an attempt mainly to analyse the participation of the electorate in the panchayat elections of this Gram Panchayat. Keywords: Chakpas, Gram Panchayat, Local Self Government, Loi, Phayeng Gram Panchayat and Pradhan.
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Sheikh, Younis. "ROLE OF PANCHAYATI RAJ INSTITUTIONS TOWARDS RURAL DEVELOPMENT: A STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PULWAMA DISTRICT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR." VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY 2, no. 2 (August 8, 2023): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47413/vidya.v2i2.181.
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Lot of rural development programmes were carried out by panchayat raj institutions in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir from time to time in order to develop the rural area. The Government of Jammu and Kashmir assures people’s participation in developmental activities and in the local governance institutions with adequate gender, class and caste representation as per the need of the amendment package. But, the level of people’s participation in developmental activities at grassroots level seems to be very low. Moreover, gram panchayats are not adequately accountable to gram Sabha. The idea of participation, as an important part of panchayat raj, has rarely been observed in practice. Against this backdrop, the study is designed to investigate the panchayat representatives in order to understand their role towards implementation of various rural development programmes. An attempt has also been made to fully understand the role of Gram Sabha in panchayati raj system and rural development. A structured interview schedule was administrated for this purpose. Besides, informal discussions and field observations also proved to be helpful in providing inputs to strengthen the arguments in analysis.
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Meena, Ashok, Sandhya Choudhary, Dhavendra Singh, and S. K. Choudhary. "Constraints faced Panchayat Members in Relation to Agricultural Development Programs in Ujjain District (M.P.)." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i9.019.
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In india Panchayati Raj now functions as a system of governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic units of local administration. The system has three levels: Gram Panchayat (village level), Mandal Parishad or Block Samiti or Panchayat Samiti (block level), and Zila Parishad (district level). Panchayat Raj has come to be related with two broad images. First, it is a government by itself and second it is an agency of the state government. In the integrated exercise of planning for social and economic development, co-ordinate roles, the present set up is a three-tier representative structure of government where the administrators, elected leaders and local population participate in the developmental effort. In this regard the members of Panchyat faced many problems there this study confront the constrains faced by members and suggestions to overcome them with 120 sample unit of Ujjain district. The major finding was obtained in this study that the most serious constraint perceived by the Gram Panchayat Members during agriculture development programmes was Insufficient use of communication media (85.83%) as it was perceived to the highest extent by gram Panchayat Members with major suggestion of them Properly and timely use of communication media.
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Thirupathi, L. "DEMOCRATIC DECENTRALIZATION AND DEVOLUTION OF POWERS AT THE GRASSROOTS LEVEL DEMOCRACY: ISSUES CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12928.
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This article attempts to evaluate the Grassroots democracy and the problems which are associated with the ineffective functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions. It argues that how constitutional provision has created a scope for accomplishing development with social justice, which is the mandate of the new Panchayat Raj system. The new system brings all those who are interested to have a voice in decision making through their participation in Panchayat Raj Institutions. How it becomes the Panchayati Raj system is the basis for the Social Justice and Empowerment of the weaker section on which the development initiative has to be built upon for achieving overall, human welfare of the society. My research paper also analyses the working status and various issues and challenges of PRIs for 26 years after the 73rd constitutional amendment establishment of panchayats and municipalities as elected local governments devolved a range of powers and responsibilities and made them accountable to the people for their implementation, very little and actual progress has been made in this direction. Local governments remain hamstrung and ineffective mere agents to do the bidding of higher-level governments. Democracy has not been enhanced despite about 32 lakh peoples representatives being elected to them every five years, with great expectation and fanfare. My study would explore the grey areas such as lack of adequate funds, domination of bureaucracy, untimely elections, lack of autonomy, the interference of area MPS and MLAs in the functioning of panchayats also adversely affected their performance.
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Kumar, Mr Sudhansu, and Dr Manvender Singh. "Role of Panchayati Raj in Rendering Social, Political and Economic Justice: A Study of Kuturachuan Gram Panchayat, Odisha Paper." Journal of Psychology and Political Science, no. 21 (January 11, 2022): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jpps.21.7.18.
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Panchayati Raj plays a vital role in Indian democracy. In Panchayati Raj systems, the Gram Panchayats are the units of administration. The people’s socio, political, and economic development at the grass-root level is realized through Panchayati Raj System. It is not only improving the economic conditions of the people but also aims at developing selfreliance among them. It is seen in the olden days that people used to meet together to solve village problems under the leadership of village elders. This system reflected the spirit of participatory democracy. Our Father of Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, advocated for ‘Gram Swaraj’ or village self-rule. The motto was the decentralization of powers. It is a well-known fact that Panchayats have existed in India for a long. During the Vedic period, Medieval Period, and In British rule, we witnessed local self-government. After independence, the draft Constitution added a mention of panchayat in Article 40 under Directive Principles of State Policy. The Community Development Programs for local development was introduced in 1950. After realizing the poor function of the Community Development Program by the study team under the chairmanship of the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee, the Panchayati Raj system was launched in 1959. The 73rd amendment Act 1992 comprises provisions for the devolution of powers. Decentralisation of power became tools to design many development plans and programmes for various grassroots level scheme. The Constitutional status clear the path of the Panchayati Raj system to improve the infracturer and implementation of developmental programmes for the needy rural and tribal areas. Sustainability and inclusivity in development of the people living below poverty line and marginally poor and as a result that the deram the Millennieum Development Goals can be achieved.
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Rao, S. S., V. Banu, A. Tiwari, S. Bahuguna, S. Uniyal, S. B. Chavan, M. V. R. Murthy, V. S. Arya, R. Nagaraja, and J. R. Sharma. "Application of Geo-Spatial Techniques for Precise Demarcation of Village/Panchayat Boundaries." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-8 (November 27, 2014): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-8-123-2014.
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In order to achieve the overall progress of the country with active and effective participation of all sections of society, the 12<sup>th</sup> Five Year Plan (FYP) would bring Panchayats centre-stage and achieve the inclusive growth agenda through inclusive governance. The concept of 'democratic decentralization' in the form of a three-tier administration was introduced in the name of "Panchayat Raj". Horizontally, it is a network of village Panchayats. Vertically, it is an organic growth of Panchayats rising up to national level. The Ministry of Panchayati Raj has three broad agenda: Empowerment, Enablement and Accountability. Space based Information Support for Decentralized Planning (SIS-DP) is one of the initiatives taken by Govt. of India with ISRO/DOS for generation and dissemination of spatial information for planning at the grass root level. <br><br> The boundary layer for villages across different states/district/block is available with line departments. Most of these data exist at a much generalized scale. These boundaries do not overlay exactly with that of ground realities and may not be suitable for accurate analysis in terms of area, shape, position, etc. To deal with this problem, a strategy is adopted, which makes use of High Resolution Satellite Imagery (HRSI) from Indian Remote sensing satellites and cadastral maps at 1:4000 scale integrated with GIS techniques to enhance the accuracy of geo-spatial depiction of Village/Panchayat boundaries. <br><br> Cadastral maps are used to depict the boundaries of land parcels and other features at the village level. These maps are registered to ortho products of HRSI using Ground Control Points. The cadastral maps are precisely overlaid on ortho-rectified HRSI and each parcel vertex is tagged with the real-world geographical coordinates. Village boundaries are extracted from the geo-referenced village cadastral maps. These boundaries are fine-tuned by considering under lap and overlap of neighboring villages and a mosaic is generated at the subdistrict and district level. Each village is coded with a unique number based on Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Census department codes. Villages are mapped to their respective Panchayat(s) directory and are dissolved in GIS environment based on code/nomenclature to obtain the final Gram Panchayat Layer. <br><br> The present study attempts to showcase the methodology for deriving precise Village/Panchayat Boundaries using geo-spatial techniques. The final output will immensely help the Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Rural Development for implementing the developmental programs in tune with 73<sup>th</sup> and 74<sup>th</sup> constitutional amendments.
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Kaur, Baljit. "Panchayati Raj Institutions and Women Empowerment: A Case Study of Gram Panchayats of Malwa Region of Punjab." Think India 22, no. 3 (September 28, 2019): 1600–1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8543.
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The women constitute half of the society. The feudal attitudes of looking down upon the abilities of women and not promoting them, is still continuing in different degrees at various levels of our society. While women have made many advances, their inferior status to men continues to be a global phenomenon. At a time of unprecedented economic growth, India is experiencing a dramatic intensification of violence against women and the majority of girls are still not getting equal educational opportunity. In one of the most important steps for the empowerment of women, the Indian government gave constitutional status to village-level councils or Panchayati Raj institutions and reserved 33% of the seats in Panchayats for women. Punjab government, like many other states of India, has given 50% reservations in Panchayati Raj Institutions in 2018. As a result, during the elections held in December 2018, 50% women elected in local bodies in Punjab. The present study addresses the question that weather women are actually empowered through this reservation in Panchayati Raj Institutions? For this purpose Gram Panchayat Women Elected Representatives especially Sarpanchs (Head of Panchayat) of Sangrur district (Malwa region) in Punjab have been chosen. The district Sangrur is chosen because it is one of the largest districts of Punjab. There is total 600 Gram Panchayats in the district, divided into 10 blocks, out of which Sarpanchs of 300 Panchayats are women. For the completion of this study a convenient sample of 100 Women Elected Representatives (Sarpanchs), 10 from each block, have chosen. Data has collected through primary as well as secondary sources. The views of all the Sarpanchs have taken with the help of structured interviewed Schedule. This paper concludes with some suggestions for actual empowerment of women in PRIs.
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Patel, Riyaben M., and O. P. Sharma. "ROLE OF ZILLA AND TALUKA PANCHAYATS OF NAVSARI IN EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN MEMBERS." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 2022, no. 1 (November 25, 2022): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2022.si.0019.
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Panchayat raj is the basic unit of administration in system of governance. It was introduced first time by the Balwant Rai Mehta in 1959. Panchayat Raj Institutions have three tires system such as Zilla panchayat, Taluka panchayat and Gram panchayat. Panchayat Raj the local government system in India, being nearest form of governance to the people can be viewed as a suitable platform for encouraging participation of women members. The decentralization governance process in India by bringing women into positions of decision making and power in local grass root level of governance and it's leading towards their empowerment. Considering the importance of empowerment in women members the present investigation entitled, "Role of Zilla and Taluka Panchayat Raj Institutions in empowerment of women members in Navsari district of Gujarat" was undertaken during the year 2019-2020. The Navsari district was selected for present investigation which consisted of one Zilla panchayat, six Taluka panchayat. The complete enumeration method was used and thus,all women members were selected from Zilla Panchayat and Taluka panchayat the three tiers of PRIs in Navsari district. The data was elicited through personal interview method and analyzed using frequency, percentage, correlation coefficient (r) and t test.
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JAFFE, JAMES. "Gandhi, Lawyers, and the Courts' Boycott during the Non-Cooperation Movement." Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 5 (June 22, 2017): 1340–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x1600024x.
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AbstractThis article analyses the role of the legal profession and the evolution of aspects of Indian nationalist ideology during the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920–22. Very few legal professionals responded to Gandhi's call to boycott the British courts despite significant efforts to establish alternative institutions dedicated to resolving disputes. First identified by leading legal professionals in the movement as courts of arbitration, these alternative sites of justice quickly assumed the name ‘panchayats’. Ultimately, this panchayat experiment failed due to a combination of apathy, repression, and internal opposition. However, the introduction of the panchayat into the discourse of Indian nationalism ultimately had profound effects, including the much later adoption of constitutional panchayati raj. Yet this discourse was then and remains today a contested one. This is largely a legacy of Gandhi himself, who, during the Non-Cooperation Movement, imagined the panchayat as a judicial institution based upon arbitration and mediation. Yet, after the movement's failure, he came to believe the panchayat was best suited to functioning as a unit of village governance and administration.
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Asnani, Bhawana, and Mamta Kumari. "ROLE, FUNCTIONING AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF WOMEN PANCHAYAT MEMBERS IN PANCHAYATI RAJ INSTITUTION." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 2022, no. 1 (November 25, 2022): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2022.si.0022.
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The national perspective Plan for women had argued that political power and access to decision making authority are critical requisition for women's equality in the process of nation building. Women participation in both Gram Sabha and Ward Sabha had not been effective. They participated less in number and most of the time remained passive. Considering their educational background and political experience most of the women members needed training regarding objectives of Panchayati Raj System, skills of planning, information on Governmental programmes and articulation skills which may help to increase their efficiency in panchayat administration. The study was done to study the knowledge of women panchayat members about the functions of Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) and to study the achievements made by the women members for the development of their village. This study was conducted in Udaipur district of Rajasthan state, on a sample of 30 panchayat members from 13 different villages through personal interview technique using the schedule. Results shows that majority of the respondents (90.00 %) were newcomers and the reason behind joining panchayat was family/ relatives and husband's pressure. 56.66 percent respondents consulted or consult male panchayat as well as family members. Only 40 per cent of the women were not satisfied with their participation in the panchayat. Cent per cent respondents had a clear concept of ward-sabha and knew the procedure of electing panchayat members. About 2/3rd have knowledge regarding the various functions of panchayat. Now women are coming forward and showing enthusiasm and interest to do something for development of their area. They are doing construction works and establishing community assets.
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Sudalai Moni, T. "Participation of Women in Panchayati Raj: A Historical Perspective." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8i4.3728.
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Panchayati Raj plays a formidable role in enhancing the status of women in India during post-Independent times. In the colonial regime, women were not given adequate opportunity to involve and participate in the affairs of local bodies. However, in the 19th century, women gradually participated in the Panchayati Raj bodies when they were formally included in the electoral roll. During post-independent Era, due to the implementation of the Ashok Mehta Committee (1978) recommendation, National Perspective Plan, and 30 percent reservations seats for women in panchayats, there has been a substantial increase in women’s participation at all the levels of the Panchayati Raj bodies. Subsequently, the 72nd Amendment Bill and the 73rd amendment introduced in our parliament recommended 33 percent quotas for women. Encouraged by this, women have come forward in an ever-increasing number to join hands with the activities of Panchayat Raj Institution.Consequently, Central and State Governments encouraged women by implementing the 73rd constitutional amendment in 1993 (adding Article 243D and 243T), which also extended the privilege of seat reservation for SC/ST women in the local bodies. Due to this positive impetus, there has been a perceptible improvement in women’s participation in the last two decades. Due to unrestrained encouragement, the participation of women in Panchayati Raj is highly effective; thus, across India, more than 26 lakhs of women representatives got elected in PRI. This paper attempts to delineate the gradual growth of women’s participation in the Panchayati Raj Institution in various states in India.
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Dr Sanjeev Gangwar. "Role and struggle of women entrepreneurship in rural development in Panchayati Raj." Knowledgeable Research: A Multidisciplinary Journal 2, no. 1 (August 31, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.57067/kr.v2i1.130.
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The main objective of democratic decentralization is to promote equal public participation in programs of rural development and to give them maximum autonomy. For this, provision of reservation was made in the Panchayati Raj system to provide proper representation to women and Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and it has been given the status of a fully autonomous democratic body. Under this, Panchayats were entrusted with the rights related to making plans for economic development and social justice. Important responsibility of implementation of various schemes of economic development and social justice and schemes related to the subjects listed in the Eleventh Schedule was also entrusted to the Panchayats. Panchayats have been given the right to absorb various types of work at the Panchayat level in order to mobilize the necessary economic resources for development, and have also been given the right to withdraw from them if necessary by forming various types of funds by the amount collected. .
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Rather, Aqib Yousuf. "The Opinion of Dr B. R. Ambedkar on Village Panchayats." Journal of Image Processing and Intelligent Remote Sensing, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jipirs.12.8.15.
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The village panchayat is the most traditional form of local government in the Indian subcontinent. In its literal sense, the word "panchayat" refers to a group of five (or "Panch") respected and wise elders who have been elected by the people of a certain area. Historically, these assemblies have been used to resolve disagreements between communities and individuals. Local self-government was established in Bombay in 1869 when the British established a district local fund. With the formation of district local boards in 1882, Lord Ripon instituted local self-government in India. A modest attempt is made in this article, following the 73rd constitutional amendment, to identify the operational characteristics of panchayati raj entities. M. K. Gandhi's "Gram Swaraj" and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s wholly opposed position on the intrinsic defects of villages that prohibit panchayats from forming as institutions of self-government dominate India's post-independence discourse on local self-government. To better comprehend India's contemporary panchayat governance structure, an introduction to the country's history of local self-government before and after independence is provided. To better understand panchayats' three-tier structure, the impediments to their efficient operation are underlined. Finding out the roles of panchayats is of limited use without enough financial decentralization. As long as those at the top of society have power, they make it hard for the poor to join in. Thus the aim of the study is to highlight the views of architect of Indian constitution on village panchayats.
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A. Jain, Dr Kavita. "Social Audit And Panchayati Raj." Thematics Journal of Geography 8, no. 8 (August 14, 2019): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/tjg.v8i8.8131.
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Social audit can be used in the various sectors like health, water, financial institution, organizations, companies, public and private sectors. With the help of social audit, industries can measure their performance. The social audit got a legal statue after incorporation of the 73rd amendment to the Indian constitution regarding panchayati raj institutions. This amendment gave power to gramsabha to conduct social audits and it has with this historic amendment that the concept of social audit gained importance in our country. The gramasabha shall conduct regular social audit of all the projects under the scheme taken up with in gram panchayat. So this study analyzed the performance of PRIs through social audit practice. It is purely based on primary data which has used convenient method of sampling method. The result has contributed that, social audit practice through gramsabha has developed the rural area but still there is a need for effective implementation of social audit practice. So government should provide training to panchayat raj employees to effectively carry social audit apart from this other institutions such as NGOs need to support villagers to conduct social audit.
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Soni, Amrita. "Panchayati Raj and Environmental Protection A Study." Revista Review Index Journal of Multidisciplinary 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm2021.v01.n02.001.
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Environmental imbalance is not only a threat to humans, nature and animals, but also to the human and social environment. In the beginning, human and ecological interactions were balanced, such as population growth, indiscriminate deforestation, hunting of forest animals, development of technical knowledge and excessive exploitation of natural resources have led to environmental problems. Politicians and scholars who consider development as an essential condition of freedom, equality and democracy have forgotten that uncontrolled development leads us to disaster. There is a need to make Panchayat Raj institutions stronger and more democratic to make development proper and co-ordinating. Due to the problem of environmental crisis being worldwide, it is not only the responsibility of the state, government or panchayats, but every citizen has to change his lifestyle, conscious and aware and according to environmental protection. Keeping all these points in mind, a study of the role of Panchayat Raj Institutions in environmental protection has been done in this article.
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RANJITHKUMAR, Dr A. "Role of Local Government in Promoting Women’s Health in Tamil Nadu." Urban Studies and Public Administration 5, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): p54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/uspa.v5n2p54.
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As a way of public health is concerned, the health issue of people in the nation is a crucial tool for all-round development of people. It is only a tool that develops the society and the state at large. Rural health is a vital weapon that develops the feeling of obligation as citizens towards rural advancement and management through the Panchayat Raj system for retaining sustainable rural health care services. The Panchayat Raj System plays an extensive role in the development of health, girls and child development and women participation in local administration, and so on. The Panchayat Raj institutions are an important device that plays a crucial position in rural health care services. The Panchayat Raj system is the backbone of rural health. The sustainable development of rural areas may be done easily in healthy surroundings and through first-class health care machines. Without a high-quality health care system and healthy surroundings, sustainable development is impossible. Indeed, Panchayat Raj Institutions play an essential role in improving primary health care and rural health.
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Kumar, Radhika. "Dalit Women Panchayat Members in Haryana: Gender, Caste and Political Representation." South Asia Research 41, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02627280211003338.
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Drawing on the latest round of elections to Panchayati Raj Institutions in the state of Haryana in 2016, this article interrogates the substantial increase in the number of Dalit women representatives, based on fieldwork in a specific village. Since both Dalit and non-Dalit women present narratives of non-participation in the functioning of the village panchayat, it is argued that the increase in Dalit women representatives was not by design, but by default, due to an amendment of the Haryana Panchayati Raj Act 2015. Overall, in the studied village, women continue to remain marginalised in the local representative bodies, and gender-based quotas have only ensured numerical visibility of women.
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MANDAL, SUDIP. "GANDHIAN IDEAS OF GRASSROOT DEVELOPMENT AND INDIAN DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN 21ST CENTURY (SPECIAL REFERENCE OF PANCHAYAT RAJ INSTITUTIONS)." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 11 (December 2, 2020): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i11.2020.1990.
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In the recent times, 'Good Governance' is associated with efficient and effective of administration in a democratic framework and responsiveness of the state and its institutions. The main key elements of 'Good Governance' refer that respect for human rights, equity, rule of law, transparency in public procedure, strong democracy and capacity in public administration.The ideal democracy depends upon the equality of all the purely public opinions. In the same way Gandhian ideas of Panchayat Raj system is a broad concept in independent india and it is a transparency of government in public administration as a part of good governance. It was a concept of diffused grass-roots democracy and process of democratic decentralization. It's a large number of rural people who are directly involved in the field of democratic participation. From ancient times the village has always been regarded as the primary unit in the governance of India. Important govt. policies are implemented through panchayats. The Gram Sabha plays an important role in the whole Panchayat Raj institution in India's democratic system. This is a purely qualitative study. So, Present study is going to focus on the Gandhian point of view Panchayat Raj. This is necessary to development in India 21st century and this conception go ahead powerful in the Nation.
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Reddy, M. Gopinath, and Bishnu Prasad Mohapatra. "Finances of Panchayats and Status of Own Revenues in Telangana State: A Critique." Indian Journal of Public Administration 68, no. 1 (February 3, 2022): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00195561211052112.
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The Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have emerged as instruments of local government since 1992 with the passage of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act in India. In Telangana, the state government in the recent period has enacted State Panchayat Raj Act and constituted its first State Finance Commission (SFC). This article is a part of a larger study conducted in the context of the constitution of the first SFC. The article reveals that the own revenue of panchayats is quite low and transfer from the state and central governments constitute two key sources of these bodies. However, these bodies have faced various internal and external challenges while imposing and implementing taxes and fees to augment their sources of revenues. It is on this reality that this article suggests for the devolution of more taxes to PRIs by the SFC for strengthening their revenues and sharing at least 10% of the state’s revenue to meet service delivery functions.
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Paul, Sujit Kumar. "Strengthening Rural Decentralisation: A Study on the Role of International Organisations." Space and Culture, India 2, no. 2 (November 1, 2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v2i2.88.
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The term ‘decentralisation’ has generally been used to refer to a variety of institutional reforms. It has sometimes been considered as a change in the organisational framework in which political, social and economic decisions are made and implemented. It is also understood as a mechanism to transfer responsibility and authority. In recent years, decentralisation has received singular attention all over the world. It has been considered as one of the most important elements in development strategy. It is a global and regional phenomenon, and most countries have attempted to implement it as a tool for development, as a political philosophy, and as a mechanism for sharing responsibility at different levels.Since 1980s, developing countries have increasingly adopted decentralised form of governance. Decentralisation means the transfer of authority and responsibility from central to intermediate and local governments. Although the democratic decentralisation in terms of Panchayati Raj Institutions (village councils) was a post-Independence phenomenon, there has been a legacy and tradition of village panchayats since time immemorial in India. The 73rd and 74th Amendment Act, 1993 of the Constitution of India has made the Panchayat an institution of self-government. As per the constitution, Panchayats shall prepare plan for economic development and social justice at their level. The District Planning Committee shall integrate the plan so prepared with the plans prepared by the local bodies at district level. The success and failure of the Panchayats would depend on planning and implementation. It also depends on maximum people’s participation at every stage of planning process, from proposal to implementation. People’s participation in local-level development has been exercised through the formulation of the Panchayat-level development plan, project coordination at intermediate and district levels of the Panchayats.The Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in West Bengal are very strong bodies, which function as real institutions of self-governance. In West Bengal, the planning process of grass-root level has some stages from proposal to implementation. After introduction of 3-tier Panchayat system in 1978, the Government of West Bengal brought about need-based reforms in the system from time to time from the very beginning. Encouraged by the State Government’s strong commitment to rural decentralisation, Department for International Development (DFID), Government of UK came forward to support the ongoing rural decentralisation initiatives and upscale the bottom-up planning process. In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the role of DFID for strengthening decentralisation in rural Bengal.
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Nallaballi, Vimala, and B. Ananda Naidu. "A Study on Women's Political Activism in a Grampanchayat, Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 5 (May 16, 2022): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i05.010.
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The current research focuses on how these local government units are run and how elections are conducted to learn more about women's political engagement in Panchayati raj. 95 women from Vepulaparthy Gram Panchayat of Brahmasamudram Mandal in Anantapuramu District were surveyed as part of the research in January 2022. The study found that women's political engagement in the Panchayat election process was adequate. Still, women lack interest in politics regarding assembly and parliamentary elections. Women's sluggishness may be mainly attributed to the patriarchal nature of society, culture, and education.
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Brahmanandam, T. "Review of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment: Issues and Challenges." Indian Journal of Public Administration 64, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556117735461.
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The article makes a modest attempt in ascertaining the functional aspects of Panchayati Raj Institutions, especially in the aftermath of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment. After a brief review of the history of local self-government in the pre- and post-Independence India, an attempt is made to figure out the present system of the panchayat governance in India. The operational aspects of the three-tier structure of panchayats are brought out along with the impediments that hamper their effective functioning. Feedbacks from across the state of Karnataka have been taken into consideration while suggesting the corrective measures. Mere identification of the functions of panchayats does not imply anything substantial without the effective back-up of financial decentralisation. The dominance of upper castes still hovers over and is a threat to the inclusive participation of deprived sections of the society.
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B M, Darshan, and Kalyani Suresh. "Social Media Participatory Development Communication during COVID-19 by Elected Women Representatives (EWRs) of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in India." 12th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 12, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(68).
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The advancement in technology has mandated many elected representatives to use social media for socio-political participation, participatory development and currently to create awareness about the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in India is to develop local self-governments in districts, zones, and villages, with rural development being their main objective. Women's participation in the political arena was ensured, at the local self-government level by the historic 73rd and 74th amendments of the Indian constitution in the year 1992 by granting 33 percent reservation for women in the Indian rural governance processes. It heralded a new era in decentralized governance in India. The landmark amendment has allowed women to step out of their homes and participate in Gram Panchayats and other local institutional level meetings (Phukan, Kumar, and Majeed, 2018). Karnataka was a stellar example, being the first State in the country to implement the Panchayat Raj Act, which had mandated 25% reservation for women, in 1987, prior to the Amendments of 1992. As many as 14,000 women were elected in the first elections held in 1987 (Bageshree, 2009). Use of social networking sites has upgraded the methods and structures of political communication from traditional to digital (Darshan & Suresh, 2017). Local governments in India are increasingly using social media to keep citizens safe and informed while the nation works to flatten the curve of COVID-19. In this scenario, the social media usage by Elected Women Representatives (EWRs) of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for participatory development, during the COVID-19 pandemic is explored. Keywords: Women, Politics, Social Media, Panchayati Raj, COVID-19
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Raviivvenkat, B. "Developing Library Culture in Rural Areas by strengthening Community Information Services in Karnataka State: A Study." Think India 22, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i2.8723.
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The public library has performed this role effectively and now it has penetrated into villages in the form of village libraries, rural information centres or grampanchayat libraries. There are 5766 numbers of gram panchayat libraries working in the state. As against 5766 number of grampanchayat, gram panchayat libraries have been established. But not much has happened in the grampanchayatlibraries , the library confined in one room in most of the gram panchayats and reading materials are only local language books , serials only magazine and newspapers, recent initatives by the public library dept. and rural development and panchayat raj to develop library culture among rural mass is gaining momentum and also a better result for this initative is coming up. This paper overviews the development happened and gap found and how to overcome with suitable measures.
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Sahoo, Snehasis. "TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH PANCHAYATI RAJ SYSTEM IN ODISHA." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 9, no. 67 (November 1, 2021): 15842–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v9i67.8230.
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Indian democracy, like all other democracies of the Western World, believes in sharing of power that necessitates the popular participation of these poor, illiterate and culturally deprived communities of the County. As most of the people in this County live in villages, so democracy in India can be successful with the progressive involvement of these Tribes in the institutions at the grass-roots level (Panchayati Raj Institutions). This noble goal can only be achieved with the emergence of the development-oriented institutional leadership from among these communities who make the rural people conscious of participating in developmental activities in villages. Accordingly, it is the aim of this study to know the attitude of the tribal people and elected tribal leaders (of Panchayati Raj Institutions), their level of political awareness, the factors of motivation for their political participation and to perceive how these leaders participate in various political activities especially relating to the rural self-governing institutions. Planning for promoting socio-economic development of marginalised people has emerged as a key function of Panchayats in India. This scenario is also found in the case of the scheduled areas of Odisha. This article argues that institutional arrangement and functioning of Panchayats have paved the way for formulation of decentralised development plans in these areas. The Panchayats have been playing a key role in the ways of formulating decentralised development plans and fostering the participation of tribal people in planning process. Many important issues related to socio-economic development of tribal people have been discussed in the meetings involving planning. Despite this, the goals of promoting socio-economic development of tribal people through formulating decentralised development plans have not achieved the desired results. Inadequate infrastructure and poor data management system at the Panchayat level and weak coordination among the various tiers have created hurdles in the path of formulation of decentralised development plans in the districts of Odisha. It is on this basis, that this article suggests decentralised planning as a systemic process in the scheduled areas under the guidance of the Panchayats. This article also says some conservative attitudes of tribes push them back because they feel that the election has harm to their culture and tradition, if the people get away from politics their society will be saved.
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Dr. Mahalinga K, Dr Mahalinga K. "Women Empowerment through Panchayat Raj Institutions." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 3 (January 15, 2012): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/mar2014/54.
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HongKeun Kho. "Panchayat Raj: The Past and Present." Journal of South Asian Studies 14, no. 1 (August 2008): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21587/jsas.2008.14.1.001.
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Singh, Anurag Shankar, and Syed H. Mazhar. "Socio-Economic Characteristics of Gram Panchayat Members at Hanumanganj Block of Ballia District of Uttar Pradesh." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 22–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i4.003.
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Introduction of Panchayat Raj was hailed as one of the most important political innovations in Independent India. It was also considered as a revolutionary step. Panchayat Raj is a system of local self-government wherein the people take upon themselves the responsibility for development. The Gram Panchayat has occupied an important place in taking people’s political, economic, social, patriotic aspirations and emotions to the government in order to build a strongest nation ever. The study was based on both Primary and Secondary data. Descriptive research design has been used in the present study. The study revealed that majority of respondents were middle age people, having education up to junior high school and mostly dependent on farming for their income. A large sum of the respondents had very high annual income while few of the respondents had low annual income. It is concluded that the majority of the respondents belonged to the middle socio-economic status. Social participation of Gram Panchayat members were significant in Gram Panchayat activities. Majority of respondents daily use newspaper as a means of mass media exposure.
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Selvi, A. Tamil. "A Study on Scheduled Tribe Women and Political Empowerment of Panchayat Raj in Andaman & Nicobar Island." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 8 (August 10, 2023): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230818.
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This paper attempts to analyse the socioeconomic and political background of the Scheduled Tribe women and political empowerment of panchayat raj in Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Their knowledge about the roles and responsibilities of the panchayat, support received from various sections of the scheduled tribe women and political empowerment and their level of performance have also been brought out. The participants were elected women panchayat belong to scheduled tribe in Andaman & Nicobar Islands. This study is based on primary evidence collected from scheduled tribe women panchayat. The result shows that middle age group and married women hailing majority in scheduled tribe community. Most of them were school dropouts and their level of education was ranging from primary school to middle school level engaged in agriculture, fishers and non agriculture labourer. This study based on the concluded that there is a strong relationship between the political empowerment of Scheduled Tribe’s Women Elected Representatives and their capability in redressing the grievances of women and minorities in the village. Keywords: Women, Panchayat Raj, Scheduled Tribes and Political empowerment
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Bandyopadhyay, Kunal, and Amit Kumar Hazra. "IMPACT OF ICT IN STRENGTHENING TRANSPARENCY IN RURAL LOCAL GOVERNANCE: A CASE STUDY IN FOUR GRAM PANCHAYATS IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 1122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15774.
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The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in local governance and public service delivery systems has added a new dimension in the recent times. In West Bengal, processes of decentralisation and institutional issues were assisted by special projects like SRD (Strengthening Rural Decentralisation) and ISGP (Institutional Strengthening of Gram Panchayats) respectively supported by DFID (2005-2011) and World Bank (2011-ongoing). Emphasis on GIS based monitoring of decentralised planning process, tracking key services provided by Gram Panchayats, use of GPMS (Gram Panchayat Management System) software for administrative and financial management are few of these key measures which rely on the use of ICTs in the local governance system. Apart from that, Ministry of Panchayati Raj has issued several guidelines on use of uniform portal like e-Gramswaraj for uploading Gram Panchayat Development Plans online. It is widely believed that issues like accountability and transparency can be ensured in the institutions of Gram Panchayats with advent of such measures. In this article we will analyse the effectiveness of ICT in bringing transparency and strengthen institutional accountability in the Gram Panchayats. Four Gram Panchayats in the District of Birbhumwere selected to understand how the effective implementation of ICT measures impact on the overall institutional strengthening of Gram Panchayats. For the purpose and the rigour of the study the GPs were selected on the basis of identified socio-economic and other important methodological indicators. Elected Representatives and local residents were selected as respondents. Gram Panchayats were visited for this purpose. For the collection of data structured questionnaire, personal interview, FGDs and case study methods were also used.The finding shows that the role of ICTs in the rural local governance process is limited. The administrative practices, monitoring of planning cycle, GPs financial management has improved undoubtedly but it is not a panacea as viewed by some experts. The study argues that limited involvement of the local residents in the process with low attendance in Gram Sabha and Gram Sansads meetings cannot be compensated with the modern technologies.
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Dr. Ashish Shakya. "Concept and Evolution of Panchayat Raj: A Study." Knowledgeable Research: A Multidisciplinary Journal 1, no. 11 (June 30, 2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.57067/kr.v1i11.98.
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Panchayat derived from the Sanskrit word, which was named Panchayati Raj in the local self-government system of independent India, this system is an integral part of the local self-government. Which fulfills almost all the needs of the general public. That is why local self-government is considered very important in any political system.
The importance of local self-government is also that in the form of a political school, it works to educate and train the people politically.
It is such a government unit formed by the act of Central and State Government, in which elected representatives are given within the limits of an area like district town or village and who use the rights given within the limits of their jurisdiction for public welfare. Therefore, local self-government is not only an attribute of democracy, but in other political systems also the concept of local self-government is used to get closer to the people.
Various scholars have tried to define local self-government with their own views. Herald J. Laski, clarifying the importance of local self-government, has accepted that "we cannot take full advantage of democratic governance until we recognize that all problems are not central problems and those problems are solved in those places." But they should be solved by the people who are most affected by those problems.
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Shailaja and T. Premaiah. "Dalit Women Empowerment in Panchayat Raj Institutions." International Journal of Social and Economic Research 4, no. 3 (2014): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-6270.2014.01099.x.
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Patil, Supriya. "Digital India Programs: Assessment and Awareness among Women Members of Panchayat Raj Institutions of Bagalkot District, Karnataka." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i12.003.
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This article explains about level of awareness about digital India programs among women members of panchayat raj institutions in Bagalkot district. Digital India initiative will ensure that all government services and information are available anywhere, anytime, on any device that are user friendly and secured. In this research paper structured questionnaire and Interview method is adopted. Stratified random sampling technique is used for collect primary data. Totally 867 primary data collected from the women PRIs (Panchayat Raj Institutions) members. The major finding of this study is a greater number of respondents is aware about digital India concept but they don’t know different digital India programs.
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Dr. K. Manjulamma, Dr K. Manjulamma, Prof K. Sudharani Prof. K. Sudharani, and Dr O. Samraj Dr. O. Samraj. "Awareness of S.c. Women on Panchayat Raj System." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (October 1, 2011): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/149.
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Mamatha, K. N., and Onkargouda Kakade. "Coverage of Panchayat Raj Institutions in Kannada Newspapers." Mass Communicator: International Journal of Communication Studies 8, no. 3 (2014): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-967x.2014.00005.2.
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Samria, Manju. "Socio-Economic Status of Women and Men Participants in Panchayati Raj Institutions: A Comparative Study of Rohtak District, Haryana." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 2, no. 1 (January 25, 2015): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i1.11614.
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The present study was conducted on the sample of 46 women and 75 men respondents from 107 members of five Panchayat Samiti as well as 14 members of Zila Parishad of the upper two tiers of Panchayati Raj institutions (PRI) of Rohtak district, Haryana. For this, stratified sampling technique was adopted for selecting the sample from different Panchyat Samiti as well as Zila Parishad. Interview Schedule was used to collect primary data from all the respondents. Analysis revealed that the socio-economic status of the women were insignificant as compared to the men participants.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i1.11614 Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-1: 27-30
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VARGHESE, TITTY. "The Impact of Women’s Political Empowerment Policy: A Perspective from the Idukki District of Kerala." Public Policy And Administration 18, no. 3 (December 9, 2019): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.18.3.24710.
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Women's exposure to political power and their influence on policies has expanded tremendously in recent decades. However, females are nowhere proportional to males in their impact and practice of political legitimacy although political empowerment research on women's role is continuing. The Indian government national program of ‘Panchayati Raj Institutions' act of 1992 was an outstanding policy mechanism for increasing women's political participation at the national level. This act provides 50 % reservation seats for women in the Local Self Government, and thus women were capable of attaining power in the political realm. Through this policy, there is a greater possibility for women to elected in the political realms and thus process a higher role in welfare mechanisms in their respective administrative locality than before. In this context, this article aims to explore the importance of the Panchayati Raj Institution policy on the political empowerment of women in the panchayat. To find out the impact of policy, this paper conducted an empirical study by collecting the primary data from elected women representatives in one district of Kerala. The results could assess the significance of increasing women's political empowerment and their position in Kerala society.
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Soikham, Piyanat. "On Panchayat: A Study of Decentralization in India and Policy Recommendation." Asia Social Issues 15, no. 3 (November 14, 2021): 251597. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/asi.2022.251597.
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This paper aims to study India’s decentralization process, which focuses on the Panchayat or the village government as a demonstration of success in India’s decentralization. This paper employs documentary research with a systemic review of relevant literature, articles, and documents on India's decentralization policy after independence up to the present (during 1947-2020). This paper found that India emphasizes people participation and decentralization, primarily through the Panchayat, which the constitution has authorized. The Indian government also established the Ministry of Panchayati Raj to facilitate the process of decentralization. The key success of India’s decentralization is related to its financial decentralization that allows the local government to collect tax and financial supports. This research also suggests five recommendations to increase the level of decentralization. First, decentralization must be written in a country’s constitution. Second, decentralization could effectively work with a unitary state with a federal feature. Third, the village is the foundation of decentralization. Fourth, the state should establish or form a ministry or another form of a government body to implement a policy of decentralization. Finally, decentralization must be political, administrative, and financial.
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KRISHNA, VALMIKI RAMA, and Dr Uddagatti Venkatesha. "Political Dimensions of Weaker Sections Welfare in Local Self Government in India: A Study." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 14 (February 28, 2019): 3122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v14i0.8111.
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Soon after independence, the main thrust of Indian Government centered on meeting the basic needs of India’s population which include food, clothing and shelter. With this perspective, the national policy makers looked at various measures to alleviate the rural poor. The process of self governance and planning by empowering the people through Panchayati Raj system although started nearly five decades earlier, but 73rd and 74th amendments in the Constitution of India brought an historic change in the process of decentralisation towards the grass root level and participation of people both in the formulation as well as implementation of the plans. The paper explores how the Constitution 73rd Amendment Act (1992), provided certainty, continuity and strength to the PRI’s for the welfare of the weaker sections through Decentralization. Uniform three-tier level of the village, block and district levels, direct elections to all seats and at all levels, indirect elections to chairpersons at intermediate and apex levels. Reservation on rotational basis for SC’s ST’s in proportion to their population, both for membership as well as Chairpersonships of the PRI’s. Not less than one third of the seats and offices reserved for women. The present paper intends to discuss the political participation of weaker sections in panchayat raj institutions in Karnataka in general and in Afjalpur taluk of Gulbarga District in particular as a case study. Finally the paper discusses about the political participation of weaker sections and sought their opinion of their involvement in the process of political, economic development and social justice, with the transfer of the list of Eleventh and the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution to the rural and urban elected local bodies, and the process of welfare activities for weaker sections through the Panchayat Raj Institutions has been discussed.
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Deshmukh, Neelima. "Women’s Empowerment through Panchayati Raj Institution: A Case Study of Wambori Gram Panchayat in Maharashtra." Indian Journal of Public Administration 51, no. 2 (April 2005): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120050203.
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T K, Mr Shivaprasad. "Citizen Centric Panchayat System with Digital Management and Automation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 3896–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45849.
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Abstract: Individuals in provincial regions presently need to visit the panchayat office in their space to find out about the panchayat's benefits. It demands a ton of investment and may bring about work delays. The information in the workplace must be kept up with physically. There is no security for the information and deficiencies can be experienced during entering the information for the most part which require higher estimations. Individuals likewise deal with such countless issues in their area. They grumble to their separate ward individuals however they could conceivably answer rapidly. There are numerous different issues in the present-day panchayat raj framework. Thus, proposed framework gives answers for every one of the issues in the current framework. It offers online types of assistance to individuals living around there. Every one of the administrations which are done physically are made web-based in the venture with mechanization. Individuals can be familiar with their panchayat exercises, warnings, and any remaining data connected with their towns. Every one of the applications and declarations are applied and confirmed on the web. The clients in the town can whine about their concerns and criticism on the web. Ideas are additionally acknowledged by individuals for the advancement of their town.
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Kandimuthu, Kandimuthu, and Dr T. Semban Dr. T. Semban. "Financial Devolution of Panchayat Raj Institutions in Andaman-Nicobar Islands." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 10 (October 1, 2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/oct2013/26.
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Hazra, Sanchita. "Women Participation in Panchayat raj in west bengal: An Appraisal." Economic Affairs 62, no. 2 (2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-4666.2017.00019.5.
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John, Oommen. "Strengthening of Panchayat Raj Finances in Kerala—A New Phase." Indian Journal of Public Administration 46, no. 4 (October 2000): 648–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120000406.
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Dr.Nagaraja.. S., Dr Nagaraja S., and Dr Pallavi S. Kusugal. "Role of Tribal Women in Rural Development Through Panchayat Raj Institutions." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 465–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/mar2014/148.
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Verma, Anupama. "Role of Panchayat Raj in Women Empowerment: Regional Analysis of India." Khoj:An International Peer Reviewed Journal of Geography 4, no. 1 (2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2455-6963.2017.00004.2.
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Billava, Narayana, and Nayanatara S. Nayak. "Empowerment of Women Representatives in Panchayat Raj Institutions: A Thematic Review." Journal of Politics and Governance 5, no. 4 (2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2456-8023.2016.00001.2.
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Dr.Nagaraja.S, Dr Nagaraja S., and Dr Pallavi S. Kusugal. "Emerging Leadership Among Tribal Women Through Panchayat Raj Institutions: A Sociological Study." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2014/171.
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