Journal articles: 'Panel houses'

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Nikolaev, V. N., V. F. Stepanova, and A. V. Mikhailova. "Innovative Energy-Saving Sandwich-Panels for Industrial Construction." Stroitel'nye Materialy 787, no. 12 (2020): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2020-787-12-47-51.

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Today, large-panel housing construction occupies a leading position, both in terms of construction speed and sales, which contributes to an increase in the volume of precast concrete housing construction. Outdated series of large-panel houses do not meet modern requirements. Old faceless panel houses are gradually replaced by beautiful housing complexes with different types of facades. At present, in the technology of construction of panel houses from sandwich-panels, the relevant trend is to reduce the standard thickness of the facade layer of a three-layer sandwich-panel (GOST 31310–2015 “ Three-Layer Reinforced Concrete Wall Panels with Effective Insulation. General Technical Conditions”) from 70 mm to 40 mm or less. Panel houses require a reduction in metal consumption, material consumption and improvement of thermal characteristics. This requires the development and implementation of new materials. The use of such construction products made of composite materials as diagonal flexible composite connections, flexible mounting loops and composite reinforcement mesh will make it possible to reduce the thickness of the protective layer of concrete without compromising the stability of the structure under the influence of the external environment due to the high corrosion resistance of the composite, reduce the weight of the panel, reduce the cost of manufacturing a unit of panel, increase the energy efficiency of the panel, ensure long-term strength of enclosing structures – create an innovative energy-efficient reinforced concrete sandwich panel of the XXI century.

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Gašparovičová, Viera, and Rastislav Menďan. "Renewal of Panel Residential Houses from the Point of View of Energy Criterion." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.71.

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A complex renewal of residential houses is a renewal of flats and common areas of the house so that they meet effective regulations and standards. Most of the residential houses in Slovakia built during last sixty years fall into the category of panel systems. An important criterion for determination of the extent of renewal of panel residential houses is required specific energy need for heating (energy criterion) and proving of precondition of satisfaction of energy economy of a building (criterion of minimum requirement on energy economy of buildings). In connection with the effect of new standard STN 73 0540:2012, the requirements for building constructions and buildings changed. Therefore, the residential houses of panel systems were evaluated in this paper from the point of view of the energy criterion both in original state and after the renewal by adding thermal insulation on walls, roof and replacement of windows.

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ORELSKAYA, O. V. "Modern Panel Houses in Nizhny Novgorod." Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo, no. 10 (2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-10-32-37.

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Cabras, Ignazio, Franziska Sohns, Jesus Canduela, and Steve Toms. "Public houses and house prices in Great Britain: a panel analysis." European Planning Studies 29, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2020.1726294.

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Chen, Lu, He Tao Hou, and Guo Qiang Li. "Experimental Investigations on Flexural Behavior of Sandwich Composite Panels." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.810.

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Sandwich composite panel is a new developed building material applied in steel residential houses, but the theory and experiment of this panel is still limited. In order to study the influence of the boundary conditions and shear connector patterns on flexural behavior of the panels, two groups of panels were cast and tested. Failure modes of the test panels under the uniformed transverse load, load-deformation response, strains in two concrete wythes, crack loads and ultimate load-bearing capacity were recorded and analysed. Test results showed that different angles and distances of plane truss shear connectors affected the ultimate flexural strengths significantly. The strain curves of two concrete wythes revealed that the plane truss shear connectors of panels worked well to make the two wythes act as a solid slab. It is concluded that the sandwich composite panel is available in steel residential houses because of its economical and high flexural strength.

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Volinets, Sviatoslav, Igor Razov, and Vladimir Filisuk. "Influence of the drop-beam on the floor slab panel in the construction of waiting rooms for railway stations." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823901018.

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The aim to improve the efficiency of wooden panel houses led to a significant improvement in the design of vertical enclosure structures. However, the structure of the floor slab panel was left unchanged. The authors of this work guessed that it is possible to reduce the cost of panel-wooden individual houses without reducing the strength characteristics by increasing the efficiency of the floor structure. With this purpose, drop-beams were introduced, which proved their effectiveness by trial and error method. To determine the influence of the drop-beam on the floor structure, this article presents the calculation of the structure in the first-order approximation according to Hooke's law, and a positive effect on the panel with a span of up to six meters was revealed. Additional research is needed for the panels spanning more than six meters.

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Sabri Salim, Muhammed. "Optimizing solar energy for houses with slanting type roofs." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.11262.

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During the daily sun cycle, the falling rays are of varying intensity on the solar panel reducing the energy generated from it. This is evident in the energy production of solar panels that are installed on the slanted surfaces of homes scattered in the rain regions of the world. In this research, the reasons for the low efficiency of energy production of solar panels that are installed on the A-frame designs of homes were studied and solved. The design of an integrated tracking system is developed based on fuzzy logic control using an open source code that can be easily modified. The performance and characteristics of the solar tracking device are tested experimentally to test its suitability for use with slanted roofs homes. The integrated solar localization system offers economical and efficient solar monitoring, as well as open source programming, which allows for future improvements and changes. In addition, the single-axis fuzzy tracking system was good for moving both panels in less than five seconds towards the sun. The adoption of the proposed design provides an extremely accurate tracking system and therefore, maximizes the potential of power generated by the solar panel since it will meet the sun's rays from dawn to dusk. The economic effect of the proposed design is to approximately double the value of electrical power received compared to the fixed design.

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Volinets, Sviatoslav, Igor Razov, and Vladimir Filisuk. "Structural changes in wooden floor panels during the construction of waiting rooms for railway stations." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823901017.

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Mass migration of the urban population to the suburbs forces the producers of wooden panel houses, which are considered to be the most economical options for detached house, to constantly modify their products. Over the past 50 years, manufacturers have significantly improved the wooden panel walls. At the moment, work on improving the efficiency of such structures is in progress. However, according to the authors, the floor structure is given undeservedly little attention. In this paper, the process of testing and modifying of a standard floor slab panel, which has not changed in recent years, is described. The authors propose to increase the efficiency of the floor slab panel by adding a drop-beam, which allows not only reducing the prime cost but also to increasing the durability of the panel.

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Friedrichs, Jürgen, and Jörg Blasius. "The Dwelling Panel – A New Research Method for Studying Urban Change." Raumforschung und Raumordnung 73, no. 6 (December 31, 2015): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13147-015-0369-0.

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Abstract Classical panel studies, such as the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), and the British Household Panel Study (BHPS), are based either on households or persons in households. Any attempts to break down such data into smaller spatial units such as neighbourhoods, due migration and changes in a specific sample can only be described by the stayers and the out-movers. With the exception of new members in stayer households, there is no information on households moving into a given neighbourhood. Consequently, when using classical panel data, it is not possible to analyse appropriately changes in small areas. In order to solve the problem of population changes in small spatial units such as neighbourhoods, we recommend using an alternative sampling unit: instead of households, we suggest focusing on dwellings and houses. The dwelling panel allows us to examine processes, such as gentrification, poverty and voting behaviour in small urban areas. Drawing on an ongoing study, we shall discuss methodological issues and show how a dwelling panel can be constructed and maintained in several waves. In the process, we shall discuss panel attrition and compare possible replacement strategies in classical panels with those in dwelling panels.

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Gholipour, Hassan F., Hooi Hooi Lean, Reza Tajaddini, and Anh Khoi Pham. "Foreign investment in Australian residential properties." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-05-2018-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact that foreign investment in existing houses and new housing development has on residential house prices and the growth of the housing construction sector. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a panel cointegration method, estimated using annual data for all Australian states and territories spanning the period of 1990-2013. Findings The results indicate that increases in foreign investment in existing houses do not significantly lead to increases in house prices. On the other hand, a 10 per cent increase in foreign investment for housing development decreases house prices by 1.95 per cent. We also find that foreign real estate investments have a positive impact on housing construction activities in the long run. Originality/value Existing studies used aggregate foreign real estate investment in their analyses. As foreign investment in existing houses and foreign investment for housing development have different impacts on the demand and supply sides of housing market, it is crucial that the analysis of the effects of foreign investment in residential properties on real estate market is conducted for each type differently.

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Dishinevich, N. E., and K. I. Stankevich. "Hygienic aspacts of air quality optimization in wooden panel houses." Toxicology Letters 78 (August 1995): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(95)94712-p.

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Dishinevich, N. "Hygienic Aspects of Air Quality Optimization in Wooden Panel Houses." Toxicology Letters 78 (August 1995): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/03784-2749(59)4711o-.

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Abdolpour, Hassan, Julio Garzón-Roca, Gonçalo Escusa, José M. Sena-Cruz, Joaquim AO Barros, and Isabel B. Valente. "Composite modular floor prototype for emergency housing applications: Experimental and analytical approach." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 13 (September 28, 2017): 1747–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317733318.

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The present paper explores a new modular floor prototype to be used in emergency houses. The prototype is composed of a frame structure made of glass-fibre-reinforced polymer tubular pultruded profiles, a slab made of sandwich panels with a polyurethane foam core and glass-fibre-reinforced polymer skins, and a tailored connection system that provides integrity between assembled components. A series of experimental tests are carried out including flexural tests on a single panel, on two and three connected panels, and on the assembled floor prototype. The behaviour of the panels is analysed when they are not considered part of the glass-fibre-reinforced polymer framed structure, namely the failure mechanisms and the efficiency of the proposed connection system between the panels. The performance of the floor prototype to support typical load conditions of residential houses is also assessed. Additionally, an analytical model was used to deeper study the behaviour of the developed sandwich panels, connection system and the modular floor prototype.

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Maltceva, Kseniia, and Stanislav Pridvizhkin. "Technological, economic and legislative opportunities and barriers for panel apartment buildings energy efficient reconstruction in Russia." MATEC Web of Conferences 279 (2019): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927903003.

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In the middle of the twentieth century there was a need for a significant amount of housing in Russia as soon as possible caused by the necessity to restore buildings destroyed during the war years, as well as rapid urbanization. Panel apartment houses have become an excellent solution to this problem, due to the simplicity and short construction time. However, recently such buildings do not meet the requirements of comfort, safety and economy. Not only Russia, but also the countries of Eastern Europe, Germany and Japan faced this problem at the turn of the century. In this article, analogues of the panel houses renovation with increasing energy efficiency of their thermal envelope in different countries are considered. It is conducted a comprehensive analysis of the existing legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of reconstruction. Technical opportunities to improve the comfort and energy efficiency of panel buildings and their economic advisability were considered by the example of panel apartment building in Ekaterinburg.

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Chippagiri, Ravijanya, Hindavi R. Gavali, Rahul V. Ralegaonkar, Mike Riley, Andy Shaw, and Ana Bras. "Application of Sustainable Prefabricated Wall Technology for Energy Efficient Social Housing." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031195.

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Under the India “Housing for all” scheme, 20 million urban houses have to be constructed by 2022, which requires the rate of construction to be around 8000 houses/day. Previous results by the team show that present design methods for affordable buildings and structures in India need improvement. The challenges are the disposal of solid waste generated from agro-industrial activities and the energy peak demand in extremely hot and cold seasons. The development of bio-based urban infrastructure which can adapt to the climatic conditions has been proposed. Inclusion of sustainable materials such as agro-industrial by-products and insulation materials has resulted in effective environmental sustainability and climate change adaptability. Precast components are highlighted as a suitable solution for this purpose as well as to fulfil the need of mass housing. India has a lesser record in implementing this prefab technology when compared to a global view. For the first time, a novel and sustainable prefab housing solution is tested for scale-up using industrial waste of co-fired blended ash (CBA) and the results are presented here. A model house of real scale measuring 3 × 3 × 3 m3 was considered as a base case and is compared with 17 other combinations of model house with varying alignment of prefab panels. Comparison was made with commercially available fly ash brick and CBA brick with a conventional roof slab. A simulation study was conducted regarding cost and energy analysis for all the 18 cases. Various brick and panel compositions with CBA for housing were tried and the superior composition was selected. Similarly, 18 model houses of real scale were simulated, with different combinations of walls made of bricks or panels and different building orientations, to check the impact on energy peak cooling and cost. Results show that peak cooling load can be reduced by six times with bio-based prefab panels. Prefab construction can be considered for mass housing ranging above 100 housing units, each consisting of an area of 25 m2.

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Menďan, Rastislav, and Boris Vavrovič. "Renewal of Envelope Constructions of Panel Residential Houses as a Tool for Elimination of Hygienic Problems of Thermal Bridges." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.89.

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In a general sense, it is possible to say, that panel houses show considerable defects. Many of them results from insufficient thermal protection. At present, these buildings fail to meet the requirements from the point of view of neither thermal insulation properties nor hygienic criterion (Slovak Standard STN 73 0540-2:2012). This shortcoming manifests itself not only in large consumption of heat for space heating, but also in functional and hygienic shortcomings of envelope constructions (formation of moulds). The paper deals with a thermal technical analysis of selected critical details (thermal bridges) of envelope constructions of panel residential houses in original state and in state after adding thermal insulation.

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Aytimur, Kerem, Ebubekir Altuntaş, and Sedat Karaman. "Bolu Merkez İlçedeki Etlik Piliç Kümeslerinin Yapısal Özellikleri, Mekanizasyon Uygulamaları, Sorunları ve Çözüm Önerileri." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 5 (May 29, 2020): 1098–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i5.1098-1107.3286.

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In this study, structural characteristics, mechanization applications, problems and solution suggestions of poultry houses of broiler chickens in Bolu central district were investigated. The surveys were conducted in a total of 200 broilers in 8 villages (Oğulduruk, Taps, Değirmenbeli, Çivril, Banaz, Yakuplar, Vakıfgeçitveren and Çaygökpınar) where the broiler production of the central district of Bolu was intensively produced. The field work for the surveys was conducted in February-April 2018. In the broiler houses surveyed in the central district of Bolu, it was determined that the capacity was generally in the range of 5.000 ≤ Capacity < 20.000 (74%), and nearly all of the houses (96.5%) were in the east-west direction. It was determined that the concrete materials are used in the foundations of all the houses examined, and %79 Sandwich panel on the walls and 86.5% of the poultry houses are used mechanical ventilated, in 70% of the poultry houses have 9 and more fans for ventilation, and in all of the poultry house are used luminaires for illumination.It was determined that 91.5% of the poultry houses had a tractor, 96% of the poultry houses had full automatic watering, and nipple drinker with lifting system was used and 87.5% of the poultry houses had honeycomb (Ped) application. It was determined that the number of animals placed in 1 m² was 16-18 (42.5%). It was determined that 15.5% of the problem, 13% of deficiency of information with the broiler houses, 20% of credit and debt problems. Then, there should be a solution to the problem of disease among the producer problems in the enterprises examined and the credit facilities should be improved. In addition, manufacturers need to be informed according to new technological developments in information deficiencies.

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Paramita, Bunga. "Elastisitas Permintaan Rumah Sederhana Tipe 36 di Kota Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat." Bahtera Inovasi 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/bi.v4i2.3433.

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This research aims to analyze type 36 house demand elasticity in Padang City, West Sumatera Province. It used secondary data collected from 32 units of sample observation. The variables were 36-type housing price, distance to CBD, district density, number of household, and GDP per capita. The instruments of analysis were data panel regression using OLS approach, fixed effect , and random effect. The analysis results show that fixed method gives the best result of regression among the three approaches in the data panel. The variable of house price has a negative and significant correlation with the demand in Padang City with an elasticity level of 1.56%; the distance to CBD has a negative and correlation with demand with an elasticity level of 1.73%. The research results give a picture that the demand for simple houses in Padang city, West Sumatera Province is elastic toward the price of type 36 house, and distance to CBD.

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Hou, He Tao, Ming Lei Wu, Miao Liu, and Qin Ma. "Seismic Performance Study on Steel Frame Structures with Integral Panel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2373.

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In recent years, wall panels have been more and more used in the steel residential houses. A series of investigations on the seismic performance of the steel frame with composite panels have been carried out. According to the connection types between the steel frames and the panels, the structural system can be divided into two kinds: steel frames with hanging composite panels and steel frame infilled with composite panels. Results of all researchers revealed that the composite panels could effectively improve the lateral stiffness and bearing capacity of the steel frames, at the same time could enhance the energy dissipation capacity. Morever, in this paper, the relevant research results of connections between the steel frame and composite panels obtained are compared and discussed. This review provides helpful directions to those who are already engaged in composite panels used in the steel residential houses, and points out the simplified method needed to promote safe and economic use of composite panels.

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Posternak, А. А., S. А. Kravchenko, and O. A. Ahaieva. "STRESS-STRAIN STATE AND REINFORCEMENT OF COMBINED JOINTS OF PANEL HOUSES." Scientific journal "New technologies in construction", no. 38 (2020): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2664-0406.2020.38.5.

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Matsui, Kenji, and Junsuke Matsuo. "Revenue management of small securities houses: evidence from Japanese panel data." International Journal of Revenue Management 2, no. 4 (2008): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijrm.2008.020727.

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Gholipour, Hassan F. "Urban house prices and investments in small and medium-sized industrial firms: Evidence from provinces of Iran." Urban Studies 57, no. 16 (February 13, 2020): 3347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019897887.

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Using data from provinces of Iran from 2005 to 2016 and applying panel cointegrating regressions, I find that increases in real house prices have a negative and statistically significant effect on investments in small and medium-sized industrial firms. There are at least three possible mechanisms through which increases in house prices adversely affect industrial entrepreneurship. They (1) generate housing construction investment opportunities with high returns, (2) attract many urban adults with tertiary education to the real estate brokerage industry, and (3) encourage people to save more to buy houses (which is one of the prerequisites for marriage in Iran).

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Cui, Yi Fei, Jun Shan Cui, and Meng Ling Zhou. "Appropriate Sustainable House Design for China’s Countryside." Advanced Materials Research 224 (April 2011): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.224.29.

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This thesis studies on the principle and design of sustainable housing to find a low-cost and low-energy model for China’s countryside residents. Currently, the most popular energy source served in most sustainable houses is solar panel electricity energy system, which has been widely applied in western low-energy houses, but unfortunately is too expensive here. Consequently, we have to search for a cheaper and more easy-got energy system. By collecting data and doing relative research, it turns out that the solar energy heater is the most available source. After an on-line secondary survey, the appropriate areas for developing solar energy sustainable housing industry could be located with the figure of annual sunshine hour in different cities. Then, by studying mature sustainable architectures and translating them to a more convenient, economic house plan adjusting to common Chinese families, a model of low-energy residential houses which is suitable for developing countries like China could finally be made, as well as the way to change the environment pollution and energy waste model in housing industry in these areas.

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Lin, Pei-Syuan, Chin-Oh Chang, and Tien Foo Sing. "Do housing options affect child birth decisions? Evidence from Taiwan." Urban Studies 53, no. 16 (July 12, 2016): 3527–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098015615742.

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This study aims to empirically test the effects of various housing options, which include renting, owning, living with parents/siblings, living in houses bought by parents and living in staff housing, on fertility decisions of families. This study uses micro-data obtained from the Taiwanese Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) surveys for the period from 1999 to 2007 to empirically test three hypotheses relating housing options to childbearing decisions. Using families living in rented houses as the control group, we find that homeowners have their first child at an older age, and families living with their parents or sibling become parents at a younger age. The results are robust and consistent after controlling for the district fixed effects and the marriage year fixed effects. We test the housing price shocks on the childbearing decisions for families who were married or bought houses during or after the housing boom period in 1987, and find that the asymmetric housing price effects on fertility decisions are correlated with the marriage event, but not the house purchase event.

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Yeap, Geok Peng, and Hooi Hooi Lean. "NONLINEAR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSING SUPPLY AND HOUSE PRICE IN MALAYSIA." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 24, no. 5 (July 23, 2020): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2020.12343.

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The novelty of this paper is to ascertain a nonlinear relationship between housing supply and house price. This study is conducted based on panel dataset of four different types of houses in Malaysia from 2002Q3 through 2016Q4. Although housing supply has been theoretically assumed to be positively and linearly related to house price, we observed that the number of new houses build in Malaysia has declined despite the increasing house prices. Hence, we posit that housing supply and house price are nonlinearly related. The results from pooled mean group estimation show the existence of inverted U-shaped housing supply curve. The threshold level of house price index is found at 186.92 where the effect of house price on housing starts will become negative after this point. We also find that the marginal effects of house price evaluated at the minimum and maximum levels are positive and negative, respectively, and statistically significant. This paper suggests that the squared term of house price should be included in estimating housing supply in Malaysia. The evidence of inverted U-shaped housing supply curve in Malaysia shows that housing authorities have taken steps to overcome the challenges of oversupply by reducing the approvals for housing development projects.

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Ma, Alyson, and Andrew Narwold. "Which Way is Up? Orientation and Residential Property Values." Journal of Sustainable Real Estate 11, no. 1 (January 2019): 40–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22300/1949-8276.11.1.40.

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Builders have long been cognizant of the importance of the siting of a house on a lot, whether to shelter from prevailing weather, allow better access to natural light, gain a scenic view, or more recently for optimal capture of solar energy. Using 2016–2017 sales data for the County of San Diego, we examine the market valuation of house orientation. San Diego provides a good research area as the topography does not lend itself to a grid-like pattern for the street system. Orientation is divided into eight directions (south, southeast, east, . . .) and hedonic price equations are estimated. In addition, the analysis includes proximity to a cul-de-sac and street intersection as explanatory variables. The results suggest that house orientation is a significant factor in determining house valuation. Houses oriented directly on an east-west axis command a premium over houses oriented on a north-south axis. After correcting for spatial autocorrelation, neither cul-de-sac nor intersection locations are significant factors in determining housing prices. Moreover, a robustness check using a small sample of 241 transactions provides inclusive results regarding a premium for solar panel installation.

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Ibrahimov, Alexander, Pavel Vechtomov, Peraskovya Andreeva, and Aleksandra Popova. "Six types of enclosing structures for low-storey houses. Economic comparison." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 03034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825103034.

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The article represents comparative economic analysis of 6 types of enclosing structures for low-storey houses. They are: masonry, foam concrete blocks laying, glued laminated lumber, timber frame construction, light-weight steel thin-walled framing, glued veneer panel. The last one distinguishes of a high factory readiness level, allow using nonconforming veneer in its compound, may contain underlining depending of the exact region. Analysis was carried out using five-grade scale in several groups of parameters, such as: physical characteristics, building conditions, extra works if needed and maintainability, economical characteristics, probability rate. The results obtained maid it possible to recommend glued veneer panel for universal application.

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Bandle, Anne Laure. "“Legal Questions of Art Auctions” (Rechtsfragen der Kunstauktion): Seminar held by the Europe Institute, University of Zurich and the Center of Art and Law, Zurich, 13 April 2011." International Journal of Cultural Property 18, no. 4 (November 2011): 449–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739111000348.

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Directed by Professor Dr. Kurt Siehr, Professor Dr. Wolfgang Ernst, and Dr. Andrea F. G. Raschèr, the seminar exposed the legal fundaments of art auctions and provided an overview of some underlying problems currently faced by practitioners and legal scholars. The seminar was followed by a panel discussion called the “Boon and Bane of Auction Houses for the Art Market,” gathering directors of auction houses as well as art market and art law experts.

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Minarovičová, Katarína, and Rastislav Menďan. "Valuable Architectural Refurbishment of Prefabricated Houses as a Part of their Complex Renovation." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.112.

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The aim of this paper is architectural refurbishment of panel houses in terms of current requirements for living. Gradual evolution of technical standards and life style changes in recent years has resulted in inadequate layouts and outdated structures as external walls, roofs, openings and building services. Our prefabs have no other choice due to service life of structures related to safe operation. They need static system disorders removal, building envelope thermal insulation, openings replacing, heating and plumbing system updating according to required energy efficiency and economically efficient operation, hygiene and comfort housing. The paper analyses layouts of various systems and their possible modifications in order to meet current construction and technical requirements and demands for comfort living. The contribution presents alternative layouts and structural designs of selected panel houses.

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Pavčeková, Monika, and Rastislav Menďan. "Influence of Renewal of Panel Residential Houses on Air Change Rate of a Building." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.171.

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The paper deals with the influence of renewal of panel residential houses, which includes also replacement of original windows for new ones, on air change rate of a building. The replacement of original windows for new windows with better thermal insulation properties and more quality sealing considerably contribute to reduction of energy need for heating of a building, but on the other hand, too low air change caused by tight windows worsen the quality of indoor environment of a building and therefore the required air change is needed to provide by more intensive ventilation. The paper brings an overview and comparison of air change rate of panel residential houses in original state and state after the renewal by adding thermal insulation on walls, roof and after replacement of windows.

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Galstyan, Gagik, Avetik Arzumanyan, and Hripsime Galoyan. "Techno-Economic and Material Science Expediency of Modernization and the Renaissance of Large-Panel House Building in Armenia." Key Engineering Materials 828 (December 2019): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.828.68.

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For Armenia, the main criterion of reliability and durability of buildings is the level of their seismic resistance. The experience of the 1988 Spitak devastating earthquake showed that the only type of apartment buildings that did not collapse and did not cause any loss of life or material damage were large paneled houses, which were designed for lower levels of seismic impact. In spite of the undeniable fact of high seismic stability and effective technical and economic indicators given in the article, further, due to low heat-insulating indicators of applied wall protection panels and limited spans up to 6m, the construction of such buildings in the republic was gradually reduced and has already undeservedly reached almost complete cessation. In this regard, it should be noted that at present there are already a lot of highly effective thermal insulation materials and technologies that allow to easily solve this problem of external walls and get large paneled buildings with a high level of energy saving. As for the limitation of spans, it cannot be considered a decisive factor, because spans up to 6m are quite acceptable for the construction of social apartment buildings. 80% of the population has a strong demand for such housing. The country has an acute shortage of affordable, high-seismic safe houses and this is especially acute now in the Spitak earthquake zone, where after more than 30 years, many still live in temporary houses. We believe that the construction of large-panel buildings would have solved this problem long ago. From all given it is possible to conclude that modernization according to achievements of a science and revival of large-panel housing construction for republic has quite reasonable technical-economic and town-planning basis.

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YUDIN, I. V., I. V. PETROVA, and V. F. BOGDANOV. "Improvement of Constructive Solutions, Technology and Organization of Construction of Large-Panel and Panel-Frame Houses of Volga DSK." Stroitel'nye Materialy 746, no. 3 (2017): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2017-746-3-4-8.

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Ali, Mohammed Ali Nasser, Abdul Hadi Nema Khalif, and Doaa Alaa Lafta. "The Improvement of Thermal Insulating Concrete Panel." Journal of Engineering 24, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2018.05.01.

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The Iraqi houses flattening the roof by a concrete panel, and because of the panels on the top directly exposed to the solar radiation become unbearably hot and cold during the summer and winter. The traditional concrete panel components are cement, sand, and aggregate, which have a poor thermal property. The usage of materials with low thermal conductivity with no negative reflects on its mechanical properties gives good improvements to the thermal properties of the concrete panel. The practical part of this work was built on a multi-stage mixing plan. In the first stage the mixing ratio based on the ratios of the sand to cement. The second stage mixing ratios based on replacing the coarse aggregate quantities with the Alabaster aggregates, and the third stage the mixing ratios based on the replacement of wood ash instead of the sand. While the fourth stage mixing ratios based on decreasing the thermal conductivity and increasing mechanical properties by adding a multilayer of a plastic net. The result shows that using a concrete panel with components (cement, sand, coarse aggregate, wood ash, and Alabaster aggregates) with a mass ratio of (1:1:2:1:1) and 3-plastic layers, gives the best improvement of the thermal properties. Where, the thermal conductivity is reduced by 42% and the specific heat increased by 41.2% as compared to the traditional concrete panel mixing ratio, with mechanical properties are agreed with the Iraqi standards.

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Kumar, Ashok, Ajay Chaurasia, Sayantani Lal, Aditya Kumar, and Vijayraj. "Prefabricated Foundation System for Single Storey Houses." Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information and Value 8, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37265/japiv.v8i2.65.

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Prefabrication technologies have been used in the building industry since the 19th century. The technologies vary from the innovative materials to novel techniques of construction and the prefabricated systems range from individual components to the entire structure. The major prefabrication technologies prevalent today include sandwich panel walling elements, hollow core slabs, light gauge steel frames as well as modular housing. Even though prefabrication technologies have been widely used in slabs, beams and columns, prefab foundation system is still a relatively new concept. The construction of foundation is the most important part of building process and hence a sound prefabricated foundation system is the need of the hour. In this paper, an attempt has been made for construction of a portable prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation which can be used in buildings up to three storeys.

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Khuranov, Valery K., Aues S. Tsipinov, and Muzarib I. Bjakhov. "Wall Panels with Improved Thermal Properties on KBR's Porous Fillers." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.243.

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The article describes the design of buildings for multi-apartment houses 139 series, designed for construction in the conditions of the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic (KBR). An analysis of existing wall panel variants based on their thermal characteristics was carried out and a new constructive solution was proposed using porous fillers of KBR. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the proposed structural concrete is determined analytically and the heat engineering calculation of the external wall panel is presented.

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Kajuth, Florian, Thomas A. Knetsch, and Nicolas Pinkwart. "Assessing house prices in Germany: evidence from a regional data set." Journal of European Real Estate Research 9, no. 3 (November 7, 2016): 286–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-03-2016-0017.

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Purpose With a view to the unconventional monetary policy measures implemented in the euro area in recent years, this study aims to investigate whether the recent house price increases in Germany are signals of an incipient overheating of the German housing market. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a valuation measure for residential property based on a large and exhaustive regional panel data set for Germany. The fitted house prices from a panel regression at the district level, taking into account spatial spillovers, are taken as a measure of the fundamental equilibrium house prices, which can be aggregated for various regional subsets. Findings The estimation results suggest that apartment prices over the past years substantially exceeded the fundamental price suggested by the model, in particular in the big cities. Single-family houses appear to be markedly overvalued mainly in the cities. The low level of interest rates in recent years appears to have contributed to the emergence of misalignments. Originality/value Exploiting the variation across local housing markets, the estimation approach provides value-add for the estimation of house price valuation results in various regional subsets, as conventional time-series approaches to valuing property are subject to severe data limitations in the case of Germany.

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Menďan, Rastislav. "Influence of Exact Values of Increase of Thermal Transmittance because of Thermal Bridges on Energy Need for Heating of Panel Residential Houses in Original State and after Renewal." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.108.

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The paper presents calculated values of increase of thermal transmittance because of thermal bridges (ΔU value) of panel residential houses of mass housing development. These values are compared with general values, which are given in the standard STN 73 0540-2 and afterwards a specific energy need for heating considering exact ΔU values but also general ΔU values was calculated as well. The residential houses were evaluated in original state and in state after the renewal by adding thermal insulation on walls, roof and after replacement of windows.

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Fabian, Radek, Marketa Kozakova, Filip Čmiel, and Eva Rykalová. "Effect of the Geometric Solution of Cladding on the Quality of the Indoor Microclimate." Advanced Materials Research 649 (January 2013): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.65.

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This paper deals with the comparison of the effect of the contact thermal insulation in the connection of the loggia slab to the stair wall of construction panel system T 06-B produced in Prefa Olomouc. Measurements took place in two panel houses, where parameters of internal and external air were measured. The thermally insulated building is compared with the untreated building. The temperature factor at the internal surface, which eliminates the boundary conditions of the measurement, was used as a comparative element. The measured values were statistically evaluated.

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Khamelda, Lila, Benedictus Sonny Yoedono, and Anna Catharina S.P.S. "Analisis Perbandingan Karakteristik, Biaya dan Waktu Material Dinding Komposit dan Non Komposit." Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia 3, no. 2 (October 4, 2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/rekabuana.v3i2.1017.

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Perkembangan kebutuhan akan hunian telah mendorong inovasi material dinding yang bersaing dari berbagai segi. Dinding merupakan struktur rumah yang dapat bersifat struktural, non struktural atau sebagai partisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pilihan material dinding pada rumah tipe 38 yaitu material non komposit (bata) dan komposit (beton/bata ringan (AAC), batako, M-Panel). Bata, AAC dan batako merupakan material yang telah umum digunakan, sedangkan M-Panel belum terlalu umum digunakan. M-panel merupakan material komposit yang berbentuk panel atau plat (papan tipis) yang dapat digunakan sebagai dinding, tangga, atap dan lantai. Analisa Harga Satuan Pekerjaan terhadap konstruksi dinding dalam penelitian ini menggunakan AHSP Dirjen PU 2016. Ditemukan bahwa biaya terendah untuk aplikasi material dinding diperoleh dari batu bata dan sebaliknya yang tertinggi diperoleh dari M-Panel. Juga ditemukan bahwa durasi terpendek diperoleh dari M-Panel dan durasi terpanjang diperoleh dari batako. Karakteristik material yang didapatkan dari responden tidak sepenuhnya memenuhi proposisi peneliti, diperkirakan hal tersebut disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan terkait salah satu material yaitu M-Panel. ABSTRACTThe development of residential needs has encouraged the innovation of wall materials that competitive in various aspects. Walls are home structures that can be structural, non-structural or as partitions. This study aims to provide a choice of wall materials in houses type 38, which are covering non-composite (brick) and composite materials (concrete/light brick (AAC), concrete brick (batako), M-Panel). Brick, AAC and concrete brick are commonly used, while M-Panel is not too commonly used. M-panel is a composite material in the form of panels or plates (thin boards) that can be used as walls, stairs, roofs and floors. Work Unit Price Analysis of wall construction in this study uses AHSP Director General of Public Works 2016. It is found that the lowest cost for wall material application is obtained by brick and the contrary the highest is obtained by M-Panel. It is also found that the shortest duration is obtained by M-Panel and the longest is obtained by concrete brick. Material characteristics obtained from respondents did not fully fulfill the researchers' propositions, it was estimated that things were caused by a lack of knowledge regarding one of the materials, namely the M-Panel.

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Wong, Wang Li, Chin Lee, and Seow Shin Koong. "Housing prices in peninsular Malaysia: supported by income, foreign inflow or speculation?" International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 12, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 424–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-01-2018-0001.

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Purpose This paper is motivated by a concern about the ability of the average Malaysian income to catch up with the rapidly increasing house prices in Peninsular Malaysia. Financial innovation in financial system now regards houses as a financial asset and speculation vehicle. Therefore, a house purchase is made to acquire not merely a necessity but also a financial asset which can generate future returns. Given the problems in the housing market, this paper aims to examine the determinants of house prices in Malaysia, including those such as income, population, foreign inflow and speculation. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts panel data analyses, namely, the fixed effect model (FEM) and the pooled mean group (PMG), and uses data at state level in quarterly frequency, spanning from 2005Q1 to 2013Q4. Findings Based on the results of FEM, these determinants influence house prices significantly. Moreover, the PMG results suggest that there is convergence in the model, which are indicated by the significant and negative sign of the error correction term. In conclusion, the rapidly increasing house price is not caused by speculation activities in the housing market. More precisely, Malaysian income is capable of catching up with the increasing house prices. Practical implications As income remains to be one of the major drivers in influencing Malaysian house price, Malaysian Government shall continue the policies of supply low cost houses to the low-income groups and My First Home Scheme (SRP) by offering less stringent rules in applying house loan for the first-time house buyers. Originality/value This study used the actual data of foreign housing purchase obtained from Malaysia Valuation and Property Services Department to represent foreign inflow; therefore, the results will reflect the impact of foreign inflow in a better manner.

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Ganthari, Salsabila, and Syafri Syafri. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KREDIT PERUMAHAN DI INDONESIA." Media Ekonomi 26, no. 1 (August 15, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/me.v26i1.5166.

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This study aims to analyze the factors that affect housing loans as seen from four banking groups, the State Bank, Regional Government Banks, Private National Banks, and Foreign Banks and Joint Banks. This study uses quarterly panel data from 2012: 1-2016: 1. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression analysis panel data. Houses are an important requirement for all humanity, not only as consumer goods but also investment goods. Banking helps prospective customers by providing a credit facility called Housing Loans. Based on the results of the panel data analysis shows that the level of loans and income per capita have a significant effect on housing loans, while loan to value does not significantly influence housing loans.

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KAZANKOV, Alexander P., Zinaida F. VASILCHIKOVA, and Pavel V. IGNATYEV. "EVALUATION OF INFLUENCE OF MULTISTORY BUILDING UNDER CONSTRUCTION ON EXISTING BEARING-WALL BUILDINGS." Urban construction and architecture 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2017.01.3.

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The paper presents the results of a survey of existing buildings and the construction of prefabricated houses - insert to end their mutual infl uence on each other. Based on the data of the survey the technical condition of bearing and enclosing structures of the above objects has been developed computational models to assess the actual bearing capacity of soil foundations and structural elements in areas abutt ing the neighboring buildings. According to the calculation results of the event were off ered to ensure the independent operation of neighboring objects by the apparatus of the sheet pile wall CFA piles. After these measures to prevent cross-contamination of existing and under construction panel inserts homes between them, practically stopped further growth of deposits base formation and development of cracks in the panels and supporting brick walls.

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Sokol, M., L. Konečná, M. Čuhák, and M. Dallemule. "Very low seismicity areas in Slovakia and comparison of seismic risk in Central European Countries." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10189-011-0012-1.

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Very low seismicity areas in Slovakia and comparison of seismic risk in Central European CountriesA parametric study concerning the importance of very low seismicity for Slovakia is introduced. Analyses were performed for ordinary buildings such as family houses, residential brick buildings, residential panel buildings and high-rise buildings. Both horizontal wind and seismic actions were analysed and compared in detail for all the regions and conditions in Slovakia.

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Bilardo, Matteo, Lorenzo Comba, Paolo Cornale, Andrea Costantino, and Enrico Fabrizio. "Relation between energy use and indoor thermal environment in animal husbandry: a case study." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911101042.

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Climate control is of the foremost importance in structures for intensive animal rearing because many animals (e.g. pigs and broilers) tolerate a small range of climate conditions (mainly air temperature and relative humidity) that may differ considerably from the outdoor environment. For this reason, the indoor climate in the majority of structures for animal husbandry is guaranteed by HVAC systems. On the one hand, the use of mechanical systems makes it possible to avoid production risks due to the unpredictability of the outdoor weather conditions and to maximize the feed efficiency, with positive effects on both the animal welfare and farm profit. On the other hand, the use of HVAC entails not negligible thermal and electrical energy consumptions. In literature, few data about the real thermo-hygrometric conditions and energy consumption of animal houses are present. In this work (in the framework of the EPAnHaus – Energy Performance certification of Animal Houses –project), the results obtained from a long-term monitoring campaign in two growing-finishing pig houses are presented. The performed measurements concerned environmental parameters and electrical power that were acquired during two production cycles (warm and cool seasons). For the environmental monitoring, both the buildings were equipped with temperature and relative humidity sensors embedded in portable data loggers (10 minutes logging time) that were placed in various spots inside the houses. Outdoor data were obtained through a weather station located near the test site. Concerning the energy monitoring, power transducers connected to portable data loggers (10 seconds logging time) were placed in the electric panel of each house to log the electrical energy consumptions due to ventilation, lighting and automatic feeding. The acquired data were used for carrying out analysis concerning the indoor thermal environment, its characterization in relation with the animal welfare, the electrical energy uses and the existing relations between all these aspects. The obtained data were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the HVAC system in guaranteeing the adequate indoor climate conditions (avoiding heat/cold stress conditions) and to identify electrical energy uses.

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TANAKA, Tomoyuki, Tomoko HIROSE, and Haruki SATO. "403 A Study on Performance and the Application of Decompressed-boiling Solar Panel for Residential Houses." Proceedings of the Symposium on Environmental Engineering 2005.15 (2005): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeenv.2005.15.339.

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Ali, Mohammed Ali Nasser, Abdul Hadi Nema Khalif, and Doaa Alaa Lafta. "Thermal Simulation for Unconditioned Single Zoon with Modified Roof." Journal of Engineering 25, no. 2 (January 31, 2019): 18–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2019.02.02.

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Roof in the Iraqi houses normally flattening by a concrete panel. This concrete panel has poor thermal properties. The usage of materials with low thermal conductivity and high specific heat gives a good improvements to the thermal properties of the concrete panel, thus, the indoor room temperature improves. A Mathcad program based on a mathematical model employing complex Fourier series built for a single room building. The model input data are the ambient temperature, solar radiation, and sol-air temperature, which have been treated as a periodic function of time. While, the room construction is constant due to their materials made of it, except the roof properties are taken as a variable generated practically from the improved mixing ratios.The result showed that using concrete panel with components (cement, sand, coarse aggregate, wood ash and Alabaster aggregates) with a ratio (1:1:2:1:1) and 3-plastic layer denoted by roof No.4, gives the best improvement of the thermal performance for the building. Where, the thermal conductivity is reduced by 42% and the specific heat increased by 41.2% compared to the traditional concrete panel mixing ratio denoted by roof No.1. Also, the mechanical properties are agreed with the Iraqi standards No. 1107 on 2002.

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Vangeel, Wouter, Laurens Defau, and Lieven De Moor. "The influence of a mortgage interest and capital deduction policy on house prices." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 38, no. 6 (March 30, 2020): 563–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-08-2019-0102.

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PurposeSince 2005, Belgian housing prices have strongly increased. As the timing coincides with the implementation of a new fiscal package in order to stimulate homeownership, our study attempts to provide an understanding whether the mortgage interest and capital deduction (MICPD) policy has had the side-effect of increasing housing prices while, at the same time, controlling for key housing price determinants.Design/methodology/approachA fixed-effects regression model is used on a panel dataset of the three Belgian regions over the period 1995–2015.FindingsEstimations are carried out separately for different house types, being useful as our empirical analysis ascertains a significant price-increasing effect for ordinary houses and apartments but a significant price-reducing effect for villas. In addition, we find, among other things, that interest rates' influence has been less substantial than commonly thought.Originality/valueThese results are relevant for all governments willing to stimulate homeownership through fiscal stimuli.

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Popova, Olga, Julia Glebova, and Andrey Pustovgar. "Quality assessment of urban areas based on neural network modeling and GIS." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 02032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183302032.

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In this article the authors carry out the research of the urban development areas structure and propose the system of its characteristics on the basis of sector affiliation of the municipal economy. The authors have developed an algorithm for quality assessment of urban development areas. The results of the research are presented on the example of several central quarters of Arkhangelsk city. The city’s residential development was formed in the periods from 1900-1950, 1950-1980 and from 2002 to date. It is currently presented by low-rise wooden, homestead type residential houses and barracks-type houses; mid-rise and high-rise brick and panel buildings of typical development, buildings of large-panel housing construction. Structural SOM-analysis compiled separate quarters of Arkhangelsk into 5 groups with a high level of characteristic similarity: "Commercial", "Prospective complex development", "Sustainable development", "Perspective renovation of residential development", "Investment-unattractive". Typical development strategies for each group of quarters are determined. Most developed areas characterized by upward height. The development strategies for depressed areas is in a high-rise building, which show the economic, social and environmental benefits of upward growth of the city. Using GIS allows to visually reflect the state and assess the quality of the urban development area by the aggregate of all parameters, and also to assess the quality of the quarters for each sector.

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Hałacz, Joanna, Aldona Skotnicka-Siepsiak, and Maciej Neugebauer. "Assessment of Reducing Pollutant Emissions in Selected Heating and Ventilation Systems in Single-Family Houses." Energies 13, no. 5 (March 6, 2020): 1224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051224.

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The article presents the results of a study aiming to select the optimal source of heat for a newly designed single-family home. Commercial software was used to compare heating and ventilation systems involving a bituminous coal boiler, a condensing gas boiler, a biomass boiler, a heat pump with water and glycol as heat transfer media. The effectiveness of natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation with a ground-coupled heat exchanger, and solar heater panels for water heating were evaluated. The analysis was based on the annual demand for useful energy, final energy, and non-renewable primary energy in view of the pollution output of the evaluated heating systems. The analysis revealed that the heat pump with water and glycol was the optimal solution. However, the performance of the heat pump in real-life conditions was below its maximum theoretical efficiency. The biomass boiler contributed to the highest reduction in pollutant emissions (according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Change guidelines, carbon dioxide emissions have zero value), but it was characterized by the highest demand for final energy. Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery was required in all analyzed systems to achieve optimal results. The introduction of mechanical ventilation decreased the demand for final energy by 10% to around 40% relative to the corresponding heating systems with natural ventilation.

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Yarmoshenko, I. V., A. D. Onishchenko, G. P. Malinovsky, A. V. Vasilyev, E. I. Nazarov, and M. V. Zhukovsky. "Comparative analysis of radon concentrations in buildings of different energy efficiency classes on example of five Russian cities." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 13, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2020-13-2-47-56.

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A comparative analysis of the radon concentrations in modern multi-storey residential buildings of high energy efficiency class and buildings typical for urban areas of the twentieth century was carried out. The study was conducted in Russian cities located in various climatic zones – Ekaterinburg, Krasnodar, St. Petersburg, Salekhard, Chelyabinsk. The radon concentration in samples of buildings was measured using integrated radon radiometers based on nuclear track detectors according to a single method. The surveyed sample included 498 apartments in multi-apartment buildings. Among all the examined building types, the highest average radon concentration is observed in modern energy-efficient houses – 43 Bq/m3. In other types of buildings, the following average radon concentrations were obtained: brick 2–5 floors – 35 Bq/m3; panel 5 floors – 32 Bq/m3; panel 7–12 floors 1970-1990 years of construction – 22 Bq/m3; brick> 5 floors 1970–1980 years of construction – 20 Bq m3; panel, built since 1990 – 24 Bq/m3. The results of the study confirm the assumption that radon concentration in modern multi-storey energy-efficient houses is on average higher than in typical residential buildings of the Soviet period. The increased accumulation of radon in energy-efficient buildings is associated with a decrease in the building envelope permeability and the contribution of fresh air to the general air exchange. Despite the fact that there were no cases of exceeding hygienic standards for the indoor radon concentration in the framework of this study, the higher radon concentration in buildings of increased energy efficiency requires attention from the point of view of implementing the principle of optimization of radiation protection. In the future, extensive construction of energy-efficient buildings may increase the average and collective doses to the urban population in the Russian Federation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Panel houses'

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