Academic literature on the topic 'Panel-structure connections'
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Journal articles on the topic "Panel-structure connections"
1
Menichini, Giovanni, Emanuele Del Monte, Maurizio Orlando, and Andrea Vignoli. "Out-of-plane capacity of cladding panel-to-structure connections in one-story R/C precast structures." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 18, no. 15 (2020): 6849–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00962-5.
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Abstract The interaction between cladding panels and the main structure is a crucial point to assess the seismic response, and above all the structural safety, of RC precast industrial building. In the past, connections were often designed to allow construction tolerances and to accommodate both thermal and wind-induced displacements. The lack of specific details to allow relative in-plane displacements between cladding panels and the main structure often led to the participation of cladding panels in the structure seismic-resistant system with consequent connection failures. In the last decades, a lot of experimental tests were performed to investigate the in-plane performance of panel connections, and some design recommendations have been developed accordingly. In the out-of-plane direction, the connections were often considered to be infinitely rigid and not to suffer any damage by the seismic load. This work deals with the out-of-plane response of panel-to-structure connections for vertical panels typical of industrial and commercial precast buildings. Both standard hammer-head strap and new devices, called SismoSafe, were investigated. Tests were performed in the Structures and Materials Testing Laboratory of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of Florence, where a specific setup was designed to perform cyclic and monotonic tests on the connection devices. Standard connections showed a rather limited resistance, while the innovative connections exhibited a high out-of-plane resistance. Numerical analyses were also performed on a case study building to evaluate the distribution of the out-of-plane demand on the connections.
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Offerman, Tom, and Dan V. Bompa. "Numerical investigation of lateral behaviour of steel‐timber hybrid frames." ce/papers 6, no. 3-4 (2023): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2339.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper examines the response of steel‐timber hybrid (STH) lateral stability systems for medium‐rise buildings. A ten‐storey baseline STH structure was designed to codified procedures and compared with a steel‐concrete composite structure. Detailed numerical models were constructed in which specific constitutive representations were assigned to steel‐timber and timber‐timber connections. Parametric investigations on the STH structure were carried out in which the cross laminated timber panel layups, timber shear wall length, and connection characteristics were modified. The study indicated that the STH structure had larger lateral deformations compared to the steel‐concrete structure, both within code limits. For the same design loads, the reduction in self‐weight from the steel‐concrete structure to the STH structure was 73.1%, whilst the floor depth was reduced by 17.2%, respectively. Parametric studies showed that the lateral response of STHs is generally improved with the effective thickness of the timber infill panel and is influenced by the panel layup. Increasing the shear wall length generally enhances the lateral stiffness, yet the overall performance is reduced with the increase of panel connections. The reduction in self‐weight, member sizes and replacement of the concrete with timber led to a reduction in embodied carbon of more than 32.7% whilst achieving similar structural performance.
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Dal Lago, Bruno, Francesco Foti, and Luca Martinelli. "Seismic actions induced by cladding panels on precast concrete frame structures." International Journal of Business & Technology 6, no. 3 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ijbte.2018.6.3.15.
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The strong earthquakes occurred in Southern Europe in the last decade pointed out a poor seismic performance of the connection system of the cladding of precast industrial structures. The cladding of these buildings usually consists of sandwich concrete panels of remarkable mass, connected to the frame structure with mechanical devices. The estimation of the out-of-plane seismic action on these connections is a key step for their correct proportioning. However, the formulation currently provided in the Eurocode 8 for the estimation of the seismic action on non-structural elements was calibrated with different objectives. Furthermore, given there is no in-plane structure-panel interaction, a quote of the panel mass is lumped in correspondence of their connection for a correct proportioning of the frame structure. The designers need to make assumptions on both aspects that often bring to remarkably different solutions. The paper presents a consistent dynamic formulation of the problem of the vibration of rigid bodies connected with cantilever columns. The solution brings to closed-form equations to evaluate the exact out-of-plane action on the connections and the correct amount of panel mass to be lumped.
4
Guo, Wei, Zhipeng Zhai, Zhiwu Yu, Feng Chen, Yongzhi Gong, and Tao Tan. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Bolt Connections in a Low-Rise Precast Wall Panel Structure System." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 30, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7594132.
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This paper develops a novel dry connection utilizing high-strength bolts and introduces the corresponding low-rise precast wall panel structure system. To investigate the seismic performance of the structure system with full bolt connections, monotonic loading tests of the connection joint and cyclic lateral loading tests of three full-scaled precast shear walls are both conducted. Based on the test data, axial and shear mechanical models of the connection are given. Meanwhile, experimental results show that the failure mode of the connection is dominated by anchored rebar ductile rupture, and the precast structure system presents a stable energy dissipation capacity and a good seismic ductility. The numerical model of the precast shear wall is then developed and validated by the cyclic loading test. Also a simplified calculation method to predict the lateral strength of the precast shear wall is proposed. According to the calculation results, the distance between the center of the connection and the edge of the shear wall is suggested to be 150 mm, while the wall thickness is recommended to be 120 mm or 150 mm. Finally, a three-story precast wall panel structure is employed to assess the collapse performance of the proposed precast structure system by using the presented numerical model. The results indicate that the proposed structure system with full bolt connections has high stiffness and high seismic resistance against collapse.
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Liu, Ruo Nan, Kai Yin Zhang, and Meng Lan Tao. "Test Study on Mechanical Performance of the Flexible Connections of the Precast Concrete Wall Panel." Advanced Materials Research 900 (February 2014): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.900.487.
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To explore the performance of the flexible nodes between the precast concrete wall panel and the frame structure, a steel truss is used as an analogue of the frame structure to develop a test. In the test, one precast concrete wall panel was installed on the steel truss, and the connection nodes are designed to be able to slip vertically. Different horizontal forces were exerted on the steel truss to form certain drifts, and the deformation of panel and the slipping performance of the connection nodes were explored. It is found that precast concrete wall panel wont deform under the influence of the drifts, while the connection nodes between the frame structure and the panel were found to slip. The results show that the design of slipping connection node has enough reliability.
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Sielaff, Brian J., Richard J. Nielsen, and Edwin R. Schmeckpeper. "Evolution of Design Code Requirements for Exterior Elements and Connections." Earthquake Spectra 21, no. 1 (2005): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1856537.
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Seismic design requirements for precast concrete cladding panel connections have evolved significantly over the past fifty years. This paper summarizes the pertinent requirements from the Uniform Building Code from 1967 to 1997, and the International Building Code 2000. A hypothetical design illustrates how emphasis in the code has evolved for both lateral force requirements and story drift displacement requirements arriving at a balance of moderate lateral force and displacement requirements. The numerical results are based on a hypothetical case of panel connections for a ten-story moment-resisting steel frame structure built in seismic Zone 4. This historical summary is of value to designers who deal with the seismic rehabilitation of precast panel connections.
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Guo, Wei, Zhipeng Zhai, Yao Cui, Zhiwu Yu, and Xiaoli Wu. "Seismic performance assessment of low-rise precast wall panel structure with bolt connections." Engineering Structures 181 (February 2019): 562–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.060.
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Chong, Xun, Pu Huo, Linlin Xie, Qing Jiang, Linbing Hou, and Jinchen Xie. "Experimental investigation of seismic performance of a novel isostatic frame-cladding system." Advances in Structural Engineering 25, no. 5 (2022): 1015–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211057264.
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A new connection measure between the precast concrete (PC) cladding panel and PC frame structure is proposed to realize a new kind of isostatic frame-cladding system. Three full-scale PC wall-frame substructures were tested under the quasi-static load. These substructures included a bare wall-frame specimen, a specimen with a cladding panel that has no opening, and a specimen with a cladding panel that has an opening in it. The damage evolution, failure mode, load-bearing capacity, deformation capacity, and energy dissipation capacity of three specimens were compared. The results indicated that the motions of the cladding panels and the main structures were uncoupled through the relative clearance of the bottom connections, and three specimens exhibited approximately identical failure modes and seismic performance. Thus, the reliability of this new isostatic system was validated.
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Lestari, Marsya Chikita, and Cynthia Afriani Utama. "Board Structure Problem in Aviation Companies: The Relationship of Political Connection and Multiple Directorship on Firm Performance." Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan 25, no. 3 (2021): 617–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5892.
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This study analyzes the relationship between the political connection and multiple directorships of aviation companies’ board members and their firm performance. This research will focus on companies in the aviation sector on a broader subsector than previous studies. It will help the shareholder of the aviation companies determine board structure policies and evaluate the implementations conducted so far. This research uses descriptive statistics and regression analysis for the panel data model. Moreover, this study uses a purposive sampling technique secondary data from the aviation company’s annual reports in the Asia continent for the 2016-2020 period. The results show that the multiple directorships negatively affect firm performance in aviation companies while the board’s political connections positively affect firm performance, measured by its Return on Equity (ROE). In contrast, the multiple directorships and political connections do not impact aviation companies' firm performance measured by their Return on Assets (ROA). Overall, this study in the Asia continent asserts the previous study where the political connection positively affects the airline’s firm performance in the US. The result can support the corporate governance practice of deciding board structure in the aviation sectors in Asia in terms of political connection and multiple directorships.DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5892
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BOYKO, Igor, Viktor NOSENKO, and Oleg KRIVENKO. "Consideration of the pliability of joints panels of a precast concrete building in the analysis of forces in foundation structures." Bases and Foundations, no. 49 (November 29, 2024): 9–22. https://doi.org/10.32347/0475-1132.49.2024.9-22.
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Summary. As cities develop, there is a rising trend towards the construction of multi-storey buildings. The main reason is dense urban development and rising land prices. One of the most common materials for the construction of multi-storey buildings is monolithic reinforced concrete. Monolithic structures allow architects to freely design the interior space, as well as more evenly distribute the forces in the frame elements, and the building works as one rigid structure. At the same time, the construction of monolithic structures requires significant time for construction and highly qualified control over the quality of monolithic work. Therefore, to accelerate the pace of construction, precast concrete structures are used. This paper presents the results of numerical modeling of the interaction of the elements of the “soil-foundation-aboveground structure” system, taking into account the stiffness of the joints between wall panels. A comparison of numerical modeling of a panel building was conducted using two principal schemes: A) Without considering the stiffness (pliability) of panel joints. B) Considering the stiffness of panel joints. Each of these schemes included three variants of panel joint interpretation (sub-schemes): Variant 1 - without considering the operation of vertical panel seams (panels are disconnected from each other). Variant 2 - panels are connected with hinges, meaning vertical seams only transmit horizontal forces. Variant 3 - panels are rigidly connected. The influence of considering the stiffness of horizontal and vertical joints on the redistribution of forces in piles during the modeling of a large-panel building was studied. It was found that in the absence of vertical panel connections (comparison of schemes A and B under Variant 1), considering the stiffness of the horizontal joint results in up to 8% discrepancies in the outcomes. It was demonstrated that when hinged panel connections are considered vertically (comparison of schemes A and B under Variant 2), the inclusion of appropriate stiffness in horizontal and vertical joints results in discrepancies within 10%. It was established that for rigid panel connections (comparison of schemes A and B under Variant 3), accounting for the stiffness of horizontal and vertical joints results in discrepancies of up to 10%.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Panel-structure connections"
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Menichini, Giovanni. "Seismic response of vertical concrete façade systems in reinforced concrete prefabricated buildings." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1220505.
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The design of “non-structural” elements, including the cladding panels for precast RC buildings,
plays a key role in the building seismic response. The large damages that occurred in precast RC
buildings, during the recent earthquakes in southern Europe were mainly caused by the collapse
of the cladding panels. Therefore, is required to revise, to revise the technological and design
philosophy the panel-to-structure connection devices in RC precast structures.
Starting from these considerations, the main topic of this thesis is the investigation of such
connection devices. Deeply understanding the working principle of these systems makes it
possible to open a way to solve the problem.
The influence of the panels to the global response of precast structure is studied for different
types of panel-to-structure connections (two types of hammer-head straps) and panels-to-foundation
connections (fixed and rocking panels). Numerical models for the in-plane response
of connection devices are developed using both existing experimental data from shaking table
test performed by University of Ljubljana and result of new tests carried out at the Structures
and Materials Testing Laboratory of University of Florence
A new connection device, which better uncouples the in-plane seismic response, is developed
and studied analytically and experimentally.
The study highlights that traditional devices fail due to their limited in-plane displacement
capacity while the new device has much better behaviour. The study showed that in-plane
direction was critical for connection compared to the out-of-plane one. It also showed that
fixed-base panels provide a better seismic performance of connection devices.
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Wang, Sunguo. "Influence of panel structure on wood to flakeboard nail connection properties." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11493.
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Oriented Strand Board (OSB) or flakeboard is widely used in the building industry as
different components such as shear walls, floors, roofs and underlayments. The
performance of OSB to lumber connections has been investigated by many researchers,
but its relationship to OSB or flakeboard panel structure has never been systematically
studied. The study presented in this thesis focuses on this research scope.
The research project was divided into two parts. Preliminary tests (Phase I) on OSB-tolumber
nail connections were conducted using 11 mm commercial OSB panels as side
members and Spruce-Pine-Fir (SPF) lumber as main members. Several combinations of
OSB specimen sizes, nailing patterns and test set-ups were investigated. Tensile loads
were applied statically along the longitudinal direction of the lumber member, but
perpendicular to the nail shank for all specimens. Both the single nail and the two-nail
combination patterns were examined in OSB specimen I (50x240x11 mm) and specimen
II (240x240x11 mm). Loading directions relative to OSB face flake orientation were
studied for specimen II. The results showed that the chosen test jigs were suitable for
small sized OSB-to-lumber nailed connections. The new set-up with specimen II was
more efficient for small scale nail connection testing since the specimen can be easily
adjusted to study the influence of the loading directions, nailing patterns and multiple
nailing; hence, more information could be obtained. Two main failure modes, pullthrough
and pull-out, were observed in the preliminary tests.
The second part of the project (Phase II) included the main tests. Three principal
processing parameters, flake orientation, flake thickness and board density, were
considered in the experimental design of flakeboard structures. A Monte Carlo computer
program WinMat® was used to simulate mat structure patterns and their corresponding
horizontal density profiles. A robot-based formation system was applied to build
flakeboard mats, which ensured exactly the same mat structures as defined in the
computer program. Predefined and laboratory-manufactured oriented and random
flakeboards were then conditioned and assembled with 38x89 mm SPF lumber into nail
connections. Single nail lateral resistance tests were conducted to study the effects of
failure modes, panel types and loading directions on nail-connection properties. The
results showed that: 1) most nail properties for the specimens that failed in the pull-out
mode were significantly different from those in the pull-through mode; 2) the specimens
that failed in the pull-out mode had higher initial stiffness and connection strength
(maximum, yield and ultimate loads) than those in the pull-through mode; 3) compared to
OSB panels, random panels had higher connection strength for the pull-through mode,
larger maximum displacement for the pull-out mode, and higher maximum and ultimate
strain energies, and larger ultimate displacement for both failure modes; 4) the 90°
loading direction in OSB panels indicated significantly different nail properties for both
pull-out and pull-through modes, compared with the 0° and 45° loading directions, but
there were no significant differences in nail properties between 0° and 45° loading
directions under the pull-through mode; 5) there was significant difference in connection
strength between 0° and 45° loading directions under the pull-out mode; 6) from
regression analyses, most of the OSB or random flakeboard to SPF lumber nail
connection properties were affected by different combinations of panel local density
(LD), board to flake thickness ratio (TR), and lumber specific gravity (G); 7) a parametric
study was carried out to show a potential application of the information developed in this
paper; generally, higher lumber specific gravity and panel local density mostly showed
better initial stiffness and connection strength (loads) within the regression ranges and
fixed lumber or flakeboard properties. However, the effect of panel to flake thickness
ratio is comparatively complex. Different types of connection or loading conditions may
produce opposite trends. Hankinson's equation predicts very close initial stiffness and
maximum load to measured values at 45° loading angle based on nail properties along
and across OSB face flake alignment, and may also have good predictions on the nail
performance at any loading angle, which will be verified in the further study.
Book chapters on the topic "Panel-structure connections"
1
Jin, Ying. "Spatial Economics, Urban Informatics, and Transport Accessibility." In Urban Informatics. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractOne central pillar in the development of urban science which is key to the development of simulation of models of urban structure is spatial econometrics. In this chapter, we outline the way in which ideas pertaining to accessibility which we define conventionally, as in transport economics, as the relative nearness and size of locations to one another, can be embedded in a wider econometric framework. We are thus able to explore how GDP (gross domestic product) of different locations is influenced by different spatial investments. To illustrate this, we first outline the intellectual context, followed by a review of the most relevant econometric models. We examine the data required for such models and look at various quantifications in terms of elasticities of business productivity with respect to transport accessibility, using ordinary least squares, time-series fixed effects, and a range of dynamic panel-data models which narrow down the valid range of estimates. We then show how the model is applied to Guangdong province (with its connections to Hong Kong and Macau), which is one of the three major mega-city regions and a leading adopter of new technologies in China.
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Tang, Rui, Hao Li, Minglong You, Gongchang Li, and Fei Tan. "Mechanical Characteristics of Assembled Overhanging Composite Roadbed Structure." In Novel Technology and Whole-Process Management in Prefabricated Building. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5108-2_2.
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AbstractIn order to solve the problems of narrow roads, difficult construction, long construction period and high impact on the surrounding environment encountered during the construction of mountainous highways, railroads and other infrastructures, this paper proposes an assembled overhang composite roadbed structure. The mechanical analysis of the assembled overhang is carried out, and the three-dimensional finite element numerical model of the assembled roadbed structure is established, and the force characteristics of the overhang structure are analyzed. The results show that there is stress concentration between the two spans of the road panel, and the deformation of the road panel is mainly concentrated in the overhang side, and the deformation of the side span is larger than that of the middle span. The stress concentration phenomenon appeared on the outer side of the connection end of the middle overhanging and column, and the horizontal displacement of the middle column was larger, and the displacement was about twice that of the edge column. The research results can provide useful guidance for the design and optimization of assembled overhanging roadbeds.
3
Gao, Xian, Shaoyuan Lin, Yuping Wang, Xilong Chen, and Hao Pei. "Digital Manufacturing of Precast Members for Long-Span Wall Panel in Power Distribution Unit of Substation." In Studies in Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/saem240007.
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The precast members for the large-span wall panels in the power distribution unit of substation are of large size. When the load distribution between the wall panel and the precast members is nonuniform and concentrated in some local areas, the stress in the local area will exceed the designed load. The stress concentration will result in the insufficient bearing capacity of the local precast member, and furthermore influence the whole performance of the wall panel and the practical application. In this paper, the key technology of digital manufacturing of large span wall panel precast parts in power distribution device building is proposed. The size data, shape data, material property data and connection mode data required by the wall are collected, then the wall model is established through the definition of the structure parameters using different commands in the BIM software. The correlation degree between the wall panel parameters and the precast member parameters is calculated, and the optimal mapping relationship of the structural parameters considering the strength of local member under concentrated load is obtained. Through virtual assembly of precast parts, combined with intelligent means such as collision detection, the digital production mode of precast member of the wall panel is constructed. The simulation test results show that the precast member model of the wall panel built by the proposed method fits well with the actual wall panel, with fit degree larger than 0.92, and the proposed method has better application effect.
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Daerga Per-Anders, Girhammar Ulf Arne, and Källsner Bo. "A complete timber building system for multi-storey buildings." In Construction Materials and Structures. IOS Press, 2014. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-466-4-1164.
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The Masonite Flexible Building (MFB) system is a complete timber building system for commercial and residential multi-storey houses. The system is for tall and large buildings with long floor spans. The MFB system uses prefabricated wall, floor and roof elements which are delivered in flat packages and erected on the construction site. The MFB system might be classified as a panel construction, where the load-carrying structure consists of composite light-weight timber I-beams mechanically integrated with a composite laminated wood panel called PlyBoard™. The I-beams and the panel form a strong and rigid carcass for wall and floor elements, making the system well suited for high rise construction. A key feature of the MFB system is the connection technique which enables swift erection of the system units on site. The PlyBoard™ panels are provided with a continuous slot along the periphery. The slot is used as a general connection interface for the joining of the wall elements. The floor elements are suspended and hooked onto the bearing walls using sheet steel hangers, allowing swift assembling of the floor deck and enabling direct vertical wall-to-wall load transfer parallel to grain. The paper presents the construction principles, system components and units, erection technique, functional and architectural aspects of the Masonite Building System.
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Knippers Jan, Riederer Jochen, and Oppe Matthias. "Lincoln Center Canopies – Performance in Glass." In Challenging Glass 3. IOS Press, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-061-1-83.
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This paper concerns two cantilevering steel-glass structures recently built in New York, USA. Each structure consists of two outward tilting primary steel beams with a length of 27m, a central column, and a glass surface providing lateral stability and weather protection. Twelve panels of four-layer laminated safety glass with dimensions of 2,3×4,4m are connected to the underside of the beams. The glass panels act as the only bracing system of the structure; no additional bracing is required. The connection between glass and steel is made by custom-built point fittings with four fittings per glass panel connected by a two-part injection mortar. At the column kink a ‘glass knee’ of two frameless four-layer laminated safety glass panels is used for even load distribution.
6
Gillon, Carrie, Edward Delmonico, Randi Martinez, and Spencer Morrell. "Bringing language construction from the classroom to the community." In Language Invention in Linguistics Pedagogy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829874.003.0010.
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This chapter discusses the connection between constructed language courses and opportunities to connect with the wider community. Conlang courses are a fruitful way to engage and attract students into linguistics, but they can also be used to bring linguistics into the world at large. The focus of this chapter is a Special Topics in Linguistics class at Arizona State University. This chapter describes the course structure, discusses the pros and cons of this particular structure, and provides examples of the languages created in the class. This course also led to unexpected opportunities to bring linguistics into the larger community, in the form of panels at two different fan conventions. During each panel, the students described their own languages, and the choices they made in creating them. This chapter provides example slides from these panels and discusses the process of creating the panels, the outcomes, and the resulting interactions with the public.
Conference papers on the topic "Panel-structure connections"
1
Piątek, Bartosz, Maciej Kulpa, and Tomasz Siwowski. "The smart FRP panel for bridge redecking – development and experimental validation of "panel – panel" and "panel – girder" connections." In IABSE Congress, New Delhi 2023: Engineering for Sustainable Development. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newdelhi.2023.1087.
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<p>The paper presents the smart FRP deck system, called Optideck, which was developed as a sandwich panel in which the core is ribbed by a vertical laminates forming a honeycomb structure. The panel is equipped with distributed fibre optic sensors for structural health monitoring. The sensors are built into the panel during the infusion process and fully integrated with the structure. Taking into account the design and transport constraints, the final parts of the deck slab have to be connected longitudinally or transversely on site, which is quite a challenge due to the irregular form of the ribbed core. The panel has to be also efficiently attached to the main girders of the bridge. The paper presents the stages of creating the concept of panel-panel and panel-concrete and steel girder connections, their design, production of prototypes and finally their static and fatigue tests in the laboratory. The conclusions drawn from the individual stages led to the selection of the best solution and its use in the future in the final deck panels.</p>
2
Zdražilová, Michaela, Zdeněk Sokol, and Martina Eliášová. "Tests of Glass Banister Panels with Embedded Laminated Connections." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.1482.
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<p>Trends in modern architecture are heading towards a complete transparency of structures, which makes glass a very popular building material. However, achieving a completely transparent look of a structure may be problematic mainly due to glass elements connections. The connections must be capable of bearing all stresses performing during the lifetime period and meet high aesthetical standards at the same time. An embedded laminated point connection represents a progressive glass fixing systems. An ongoing research of the Czech Technical University in Prague is focused on the characteristics of this type of connection. Within this research, a set of real-scale laminated banister panels with two sets of embedded point connections was tested. The experiment showed the way of collapse and a short-term resistance of a laminated glass panel with two sets of embedded point connections under vertical loads.</p>
3
Azarnejad, Azita, Nathan Murdoch, Katherine Hikita, and Jadwiga Kroman. "The City of Calgary 12 Street Bridge Replacement and Monitoring." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2107.
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<p>This project included the construction of a new three-span, 170 m-long steel box girder bridge to replace the existing St. George’s Island Bridge over the Bow River. The new bridge is composed of variable depth (arched), rectangular, steel box girders. Flood resiliency and sustainability were major considerations in the design of the bridge. The girders have a curved profile that allows for the majority of the superstructure to sit at least 1 m above the 1:100 year flood level. To minimize the work required over the river, full-depth, full-width, precast concrete deck panels were used. The panel-to-panel and panel-to-girder connections were made with Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC). Continuity of bridges with full-depth precast panels is usually provided by longitudinal post-tensioning. This was not preferred due to concerns about future deck rehabilitations. Therefore, the design relies on reinforcement splices for continuity. UHPC made it possible to transfer longitudinal forces in relatively short splice lengths. To verify the efficiency of these connections, some of the panels and connecting joints were instrumented with wireless strain gauges to monitor force transfer between adjacent panels. The paper includes a description of the bridge structure (girders and the precast deck panels) and the initial results of the strain monitoring.</p>
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Bober, Waldemar, and Przemyslaw Stobiecki. "Experimental geodesic dome with a sandwich panels structure." In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2022) Artificial Intelligence and Future Applications. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100895.
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The popularization of geodesic domes as a living space was one of R. B. Fuller's challenges for modern mankind. The search for a technology that can optimally satisfy this desire in a society living in a temperate climate has become the goal of the structural studies described in this study. The technological solution for the layer of sandwich panels depends on the adopted discrete division of the polyhedron surface. Due to the relatively simple shape of this element, the dodecahedron was adopted as the basis form. The designated triangular elements constitute the initial shape of the basic element. The shape of the spatial solid of this element has been obtained as the result of the analysis of the edges of connections between triangular panels. The use of thin GRC concrete slabs in the load-bearing layers allows it to work with metal edges around the perimeter of the panel. The design solutions for the geometry of the structure nodes are of decisive importance for the technology of assembling the panels into a compact arrangement of the spherical shell. In order to assess the technical value of the created model, an original measurement system was designed based on statically operating measurement poles. The system of mechanically adjustable measuring poles has two functions in the same position: as the adjustable load that causes deformation, and as the protection of the model in case of loss of stability during strength tests. The research experience obtained on the initial model will be used in further detailed testing of the sandwich panel roofing system described below.
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Mitchell, Toby, Jin Chen, and Danny Karas. "Buildings as bridges: Hangzhou Greenland inter-tower bridge and draped roof." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1741.
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<p>The Hangzhou Greenland project consists of two towers connected by a 60m long-span bridge housing a ballroom and outdoor space and a hanging canopy structurally suspended between the two towers that covers the outdoor space. The geometry of the hanging canopy was developed through an intensive collaboration between the architecture and engineering teams, with the result that the structural quantities are minimized, the doubly-curved surface is tiled with faceted flat quadrilateral glazing, and the nodal connections have no geometric torsion. The geometric intricacy of the structure required the development of a tightly integrated digital workflow to allow refinement of the design and communication of design data and intent to the local engineer and architect. A pressure tap wind tunnel study was used to estimate expected wind loads, and performance-based evaluation of glass panel warping and shear was developed. The final design tightly integrates the bridge, tower, and hanging canopy in a fine-tuned whole. </p>
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Yan, Shengyu, and Jasmin Jelovica. "Topology Optimization of Joints Between Prismatic Sandwich Panels and Girders Under In-Plane and Bending Loads." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-79418.
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Abstract Prismatic sandwich structures offer improved mechanical properties over traditional structures used in ships and other vehicles. While research on their response and strength under local and hull girder loads has been advancing, insufficient attention has been placed on their joints, i.e. connections to surrounding structure, such as girders and bulkheads. It is important to seek appropriate topology of the joints to minimize stress they experience. We conduct this investigation via topology optimization, minimizing stress for a given volume fraction of a material. Aggregation approach is used where a p-norm function approximates the maximum stress in the finite element analysis to reduce the number of iterations to reach converged solution. Optimization is performed using sequential convex approximations via Method of Moving Asymptotes (MMA). The optimization is performed in Matlab. Maximum stress of optimized designs is validated using Abaqus. Joints are optimized for three load cases, combining moment on the joint (coming from lateral pressure on the panel) with in-plane tension and compression. Several topologies of the joint were found which feature 2–3 times smaller maximum stress than the conventional joint, even for lower structural weight (material volume fraction). However, the complexity of the joint is increased, which can be controlled effectively by the filter radius and passive elements.
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Choi, Hyunsok, Jesper Pihl, Yasutsugu Yamasaki, Bonggyo Jeong, and Keunwon Lyu. "Steel Deck Fabrication and Erection of the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0708.
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<p>The 1915 Çanakkale Bridge with a main span of 2,023m is the innovative suspension bridge surpassing the previous world record. The bridge is located at the North-eastern end of the Çanakkale Strait in Türkiye and it connects the Gelibolu district to the Northwest with the Lapseki district to the Southeast. 50,000 tonnes of high strength steel plates for twin box suspended deck were involved in the fabrication. The steel was supplied from South Korea and transported to Türkiye for panel fabrication and deck assembly. 21 single blocks having a length from 9.8m to 24m and 66 mega blocks of 48m had been assembled at the plant. The planning and design of the suspended deck erection sequence and temporary structure posed a lot of technical challenges. The very long span combined with extreme loadings such as strong winds and possibly earthquake had to be overcome within the structural capacity allowed. The temporary deck-to-deck connections were positioned away from the roadway and designed to allow for rotation between the segments. Furthermore, it was necessary to invent a special device, a X-bracing release joint, to minimize the bending moment from wind in the deck. Deck block positioned near towers was planned to be installed as a closure segment. This allows the longitudinal movements of the bridge during block erection and welding by creating a void at the towers. To allow the key segments to be installed in correct geometry, several permanent hangers were destressed near the towers. All single blocks except the centre single block at the middle of main span and the adjacent block in each span next to key-segment were lifted by a floating crane having a max lifting capacity of 5,000ton. For the lifting of mega blocks having a length of 48m and a lifting weight of around 800ton, total eight lifting gantries including strand jack systems were developed and manufactured for this project. Each gantry had a capacity of 450ton, and eight lifting gantries consisted of four tandem systems, which were applied to a mega block lifting works.</p>
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Zhang, Hong, Gang Li, and Hehui Zheng. "Industrialized construction technology of three-tower light composite beam cable-stayed bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0963.
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<p>The Fifth Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is a three-tower cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 600 m. The Steel Shell-Concrete Composite Pylon and steel-UHPC panel light composite girder are adopted.Aiming at the high-quality construction requirements of super-large projects, the research and practice of industrial construction technology including new structures, new processes, new materials and new equipment are carried out. The main innovations are as follows : (1) Based on the design-construction coordination concept of factory processing and modular installation, a new structure of steel shell-concrete composite bridge tower is developed, which has the advantages of good mechanical performance, fast construction and reliable quality. (2) The manufacturing process of making steel shell and main steel bar at the same time in the factory is developed. Only the steel shell is installed and the concrete is poured on site, which greatly improves the construction efficiency and quality of the site. (3) The lightweight self-climbing platform and precision adjustable spreader were developed, which improved the steel shell hoisting, platform climbing efficiency and appearance quality of bridge tower. (4) The lightweight composite beam structure of steel box-UHPC prefabricated panel and the wet joint connection structure of UHPC are developed, which have the advantages of light weight and fast assembly. (5) An automatic UHPC panel production line integrating multiple sets of equipment was developed, which realized the transformation of prefabricated component production from labor-intensive construction to technology-integrated manufacturing.</p>
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Iijima, Kazuhiro, Megumi Sakai, Masahiko Fujikubo, and Akira Tatsumi. "Hydro-Elastoplastic Analysis for Predicting Collapse Behavior of VLFS Under Large Waves." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54890.
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This paper addresses collapse behavior of Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS) under large wave loads, as part of risk analysis. In predicting the consequence of collapse, the deformation of VLFS consisting of elastic and plastic ones under the large load event must be addressed. The deformation interacts with the fluid around it. Therefore, hydro-elastoplastic analysis needs to be developed. The whole VLFS structure is modeled as two elastic beams with an elasto-plastic hinge embedded at the connection. The deformation behavior is formulated by using finite element method (FEM). The hydrodynamic behavior is modeled by using Rankine source panel method based on two-dimensional and time-domain potential theory. The two domains are coupled. A series of simulation and tank test results for the basic collapse behavior of VLFS is presented.
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Kang, Yonggang, and Haodi Ren. "Optimization of Riveting Assembly Process Parameters for Aviation Large Panels Based on Mesoscopic Features." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69352.
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Abstract The aviation large panel is an important component that constitutes the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft. It has the characteristics of large size, thin wall and weak rigidity. It is prone to produce assembly deformation during the automatic drilling and riveting assembly connection process, including the overall bending and torsion deformation of the panel, and the defects around the rivet. In this paper, through the test of automatic drilling and riveting assembly of large panels, a local sinking deformation along the axis of the long stringer is found. The cause of this deformation problem is complex and directly affects the subsequent assembly process. It is a strong coupling problem between the automatic drilling and riveting process and the elastic-plastic deformation of the rivet and its connected parts, and it has a high correlation with the meso-structure of the plate structure around the nail hole after the rivet is riveted. Aiming at this deformation problem, this paper first established a process model of the riveting process and designed riveting test pieces with different process parameters. The effects of riveting force, riveting process time, and upper riveting cavity on the meso-structure of the riveting area are explored, and the correlation between the meso-structure of the riveting area and the riveting process parameters is analyzed. Then, based on the above research, a finite element numerical model of a typical aircraft siding riveting component structure including meso-structure is established. Through the finite element simulation calculation of the model, the coupling relationship between macroscopic deformation and mesoscopic structure is further explored, the existence of local subsidence and deformation along the axis of the long truss is verified.
Reports on the topic "Panel-structure connections"
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STABILITY PERFORMANCE AND WIND TUNNEL TEST OF STEEL HYPERBOLIC COOLING TOWER CONSIDERING SKINNED EFFECT. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.3.10.
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With the development of industry, cooling towers play a very important role in thermal power generation, and steel cooling towers are being used more widely. The surface of cooling towers is covered with profiled panels, and the skinned effect on the mechanical performance and stability of the structure should be considered. At present, most studies on steel cooling towers have not considered the skinned effect. In steel cooling towers, the skin panels are usually connected to members by self-tapping screws., the shearing test of self-tapping screw connection is carried out considering different screw diameters and plate thicknesses to obtain the shear stiffness of the screws. Then, three FE models of steel hyperbolic cooling towers are established and compared: in Mode–1, the skin panel is not considered; in Model–2, the panel and the member node are rigidly connected; in Model–3, the spring elements are established to simulate the shearing and tension stiffness of self-tapping screws connecting skin panel and members. Based on the finest Model–3, a parametric analysis is done to investigate the effect of the skinned effect on the overall structural stability. Considering different landform types and the roughness of the inner and outer surfaces, a total of 18 measurement conditions are tested in the wind tunnel to study the outer and internal wind pressure coefficients. Furthermore, based on the wind tunnel test, the wind-induced response analysis of steel hyperbolic cooling towers is performed.